IMPACT4SOIL OpenAire Lancaster EPrints Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) UnpayWall Crossref Microsoft Academic Graph Europe PubMed Central https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82660/1/de_Carvalho_et_al_2016_raw_pdf.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1513 Ecology Open Access 2016-07-02 Abstract<p>Anthropogenic pressures on tropical forests are rapidly intensifying, but our understanding of their implications for biological diversity is still very limited, especially with regard to soil biota, and in particular soil bacterial communities. Here we evaluated bacterial community composition and diversity across a gradient of land use intensity in the eastern Amazon from undisturbed primary forest, through primary forests varyingly disturbed by fire, regenerating secondary forest, pasture, and mechanized agriculture. Soil bacteria were assessed by paired￢ﾀﾐend Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4 region). The resulting sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) at a 97% similarity threshold. Land use intensification increased the observed bacterial diversity (both OTU richness and community heterogeneity across space) and this effect was strongly associated with changes in soil pH. Moreover, land use intensification and subsequent changes in soil fertility, especially pH, altered the bacterial community composition, with pastures and areas of mechanized agriculture displaying the most contrasting communities in relation to undisturbed primary forest. Together, these results indicate that tropical forest conversion impacts soil bacteria not through loss of diversity, as previously thought, but mainly by imposing marked shifts on bacterial community composition, with unknown yet potentially important implications for ecological functions and services performed by these communities.</p> Rios de composição de comunidade bacteriana 2. Zero hunger 0301 basic medicine 570 0303 health sciences 550 Bacteria Biodiversidade subterrânea Agriculture Biodiversity Forests 15. Life on land Below‐ground biodiversity High‐throughput sequencing Soil 03 medical and health sciences RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Sequenciamento de alto rendimento Rivers of bacterial community composition Soil Microbiology Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira, Isaac Carvalho Soares, Jos Barlow, Jos Barlow, Teotonio Soares de Carvalho, Teotonio Soares de Carvalho, Ederson da Conceição Jesus, James M. Tiedje, Toby A. Gardner, 2016-09-09 journalpaper Abstract<p>Anthropogenic pressures on tropical forests are rapidly intensifying, but our understanding of their implications for biological diversity is still very limited, especially with regard to soil biota, and in particular soil bacterial communities. Here we evaluated bacterial community composition and diversity across a gradient of land use intensity in the eastern Amazon from undisturbed primary forest, through primary forests varyingly disturbed by fire, regenerating secondary forest, pasture, and mechanized agriculture. Soil bacteria were assessed by paired￢ﾀﾐend Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4 region). The resulting sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) at a 97% similarity threshold. Land use intensification increased the observed bacterial diversity (both OTU richness and community heterogeneity across space) and this effect was strongly associated with changes in soil pH. Moreover, land use intensification and subsequent changes in soil fertility, especially pH, altered the bacterial community composition, with pastures and areas of mechanized agriculture displaying the most contrasting communities in relation to undisturbed primary forest. Together, these results indicate that tropical forest conversion impacts soil bacteria not through loss of diversity, as previously thought, but mainly by imposing marked shifts on bacterial community composition, with unknown yet potentially important implications for ecological functions and services performed by these communities.</p> Land Use Intensification In The Humid Tropics Increased Both Alpha And Beta Diversity Of Soil Bacteria 10.1002/ecy.1513