OPENAIRE OpenAire Datacite Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) Pure Utrecht University Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA Bergen Open Research Archive - UiB Crossref Europe PubMed Central Universität Innsbruck Forschungsleistungsdokumentation Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB HAL INRAE LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas Latinoamericanas eScholarship - University of California Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet - Academic Archive On-line Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante Utrecht University Repository DIGITAL.CSIC Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS) PubMed Central Copenhagen University Research Information System Publikationer från Umeå universitet https://boris.unibe.ch/191349/1/smith-et-al-2024-extreme-drought-impacts-have-been-underestimated-in-grasslands-and-shrublands-globally.pdf https://escholarship.org/content/qt9b707158/qt9b707158.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2309881120 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open Access 2024-01-08 2024-06-17 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function—aboveground net primary production (ANPP)—was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought.</p></article> [SDE] Environmental Sciences Medical Sciences Drought Severity 550 580 Plants (Botany) 551 Tierras de Matorral Medical Specialties Medicine and Health Sciences SDG 13 - Climate Action climate extreme | Drought-Net | International Drought Experiment | productivity Productividad Primaria Neta Net Primary Productivity Productivity 2. Zero hunger Praderas Productividad Life Sciences Biological Sciences Grassland 6. Clean water Droughts Grasslands [SDE]Environmental Sciences Drought-Net Public Health International Drought Experiment Ciclo del Carbono Severidad de la Sequía Global Impacts productivity Climate Change climate extreme 333 Carbon Cycle Environmental Public Health XXXXXX - Unknown Impacto Global Scrublands General Biology Ecosystem Experimento internacional de Sequía 500 Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases 15. Life on land Clima Extremo Climate Science 13. Climate action Cambio Climático Extreme Climate Climate extreme Klimatvetenskap Smith, M. D., Wilkins, K. D., Holdrege, M. C., Wilfahrt, P., Collins, S. L., Knapp, A. K., Sala, O. E., Dukes, J. S., Phillips, R. P., Yahdjian, L., Gherardi, L. A., Ohlert, T., Beier, C., Fraser, L. H., Jentsch, A., Loik, M. E., Maestre, F. T., Power, Sally A. (R17014), Yu, Q., Felton, A. J., Munson, S. M., Luo, Y., Abdoli, H., Abedi, M., Alados, C. L., Alberti, J., Alon, M., An, H., Anacker, B., Anderson, M., Auge, H., Bachle, S., Bahalkeh, K., Bahn, M., Batbaatar, A., Bauerle, T., Beard, K. H., Behn, K., Beil, I., Biancari, L., Blindow, I., Bondaruk, V. F., Borer, E. T., Bork, E. W., Bruschetti, C. M., Byrne, K. M., Cahill, J. F., Jr., x, Calvo, D. A., Carbognani, M., Cardoni, A., Carlyle, C. N., Castillo-Garcia, M., Chang, S. X., Chieppa, J., Cianciaruso, M. V., Cohen, O., Cordeiro, A. L., Cusack, D. F., Dahlke, S., Daleo, P., D'Antonio, C. M., Dietterich, L. H., Doherty, T. S., Dubbert, M., Ebeling, A., Eisenhauer, N., Fischer, F. M., Forte, T. G., Gebauer, T., Gozalo, B., Greenville, A. C., Guidoni-Martins, K. G., Hannusch, H. J., Haugum, S. V., Hautier, Y., Hefting, M., Henry, H. A., Hoss, D., Iribarne, O., Isbell, F., Johnson, Y., Jordan, S., Kelly, E. F., Kimmel, K., Kreyling, J., Kröel-Dulay, G., Ingrisch, J., Kröpfl, A., Kübert, A., Kulmatiski, A., Lamb, E. G., Larsen, K. S., Larson, J., Leder, C. V., Linstädter, A., Liu, J., Liu, S., Lodge, A. G., Longo, G., Loydi, A., Luan, J., Lawson, J., Lubbe, F. C., Macfarlane, C., Mackie-Haas, K., Malyshev, A. V., Maturano-Ruiz, A., Merchant, T., Metcalfe, D. B., Mori, A. S., Mudongo, E., Newman, G. S., Nielsen, Uffe N. (R17023), Nimmo, D., Niu, Y., Nobre, P., O'Connor, R. C., Ogaya, R., Oñatibia, G. R., Orbán, I., Osborne, B., Otfinowski, R., Pärtel, M., Penuelas, J., Peri, P. L., Peter, G., Petraglia, A., Picon-Cochard, C., Pillar, V. D., Piñeiro-Guerra, J. M., Ploughe, L. W., Plowes, R. M., Portales-Reyes, C., Prober, S. M., Pueyo, Y., Reed, S. C., Ritchie, E. G., Rodríguez, D. A., Rogers, W. E., Roscher, C., Sánchez, A. M., Santos, B. A., Scarfó, M. C., Seabloom, E. W., Shi, B., Souza, L., Stampfli, A., Standish, R. J., Sternberg, M., Sun, W., Sünnemann, M., Tedder, M., Thorvaldsen, P., Tian, D., Tielbörger, K., Valdecantos, A., van den Brink, L., Vandvik, V., Vankoughnett, M. R., Velle, L. G., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Wardle, G. M., Werner, C., Wei, C., Wiehl, G., Williams, J. L., Wolf, A. A., Zeiter, M., Zhang, F., Zhu, J., Zong, N., Zuo, X., 2024-01-08 journalpaper <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function—aboveground net primary production (ANPP)—was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought.</p></article> Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally 10.1073/pnas.2309881120 777803