IMPACT4SOIL OpenAire UnpayWall DOAJ Crossref Microsoft Academic Graph Environmental Research Letters Open Access 2014-11-18 In the Tailake region of China, heavy nitrogen (N) loss of rice–wheat rotation systems, due to high fertilizer-N input with low N use efficiency (NUE), was widely reported. To alleviate the detrimental impacts caused by N loss, it is necessary to improve the fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a 3 yr field experiments with different N managements including organic combined chemical N treatment (OCN, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , 20% organic fertilizer), control–released urea treatment (CRU, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , 70% resin-coated urea), reduced chemical N treatment (RCN, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer), and site-specific N management (SSNM, 333 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer) were conducted in the Taihu Lake region with the ‘farmer’s N’ treatment (FN, 510 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer) as a control. Grain yield, plant N uptake (PNU), NUE, and N losses via runoff, leaching, and ammonia volatilization were assessed. In the rice season, the FN treatment had the highest N loss and lowest NUE, which can be attributed to an excessive rate of N application. Treatments of OCN and RCN with a 22% reduced N rate from FN had no significant effect on PNU nor the yield of rice in the 3 yr; however, the NUE was improved and N loss was reduced 20–32%. OCN treatment achieved the highest yield, while SSNM has the lowest N loss and highest NUE due to the lowest N rate. In wheat season, N loss decreased about 28–48% with the continuous reduction of N input, but the yield also declined, with the exception of OCN treatment. N loss through runoff, leaching and ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the N input rate. When compared with the pure chemical fertilizer treatment of RCN under the same N input, OCN treatment has better NUE, better yield, and lower N loss. 70% of the urea replaced with resin-coated urea had no significant effect on yield and NUE improvement, but decreased the ammonia volatilization loss. Soil total N and organic matter content showed a decrease after three continuous cropping years with inorganic fertilizer application alone, but there was an increase with the OCN treatment. N balance analysis showed a N surplus for FN treatment and a balanced N budget for OCN treatment. To reduce the environmental impact and maintain a high crop production, proper N reduction together with organic amendments could be sustainable in the rice–wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region for a long run. 2. Zero hunger 0106 biological sciences soil fertility grain yield Science Physics QC1-999 Q 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences rice–wheat rotation 15. Life on land Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering 01 natural sciences nitrogen use efficiency 6. Clean water Environmental sciences organic amendments 13. Climate action 8. Economic growth 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries N loss GE1-350 TD1-1066 Linzhang Yang, Yingliang Yu, Lihong Xue, 2014-11-01 journalpaper In the Tailake region of China, heavy nitrogen (N) loss of rice–wheat rotation systems, due to high fertilizer-N input with low N use efficiency (NUE), was widely reported. To alleviate the detrimental impacts caused by N loss, it is necessary to improve the fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a 3 yr field experiments with different N managements including organic combined chemical N treatment (OCN, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , 20% organic fertilizer), control–released urea treatment (CRU, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , 70% resin-coated urea), reduced chemical N treatment (RCN, 390 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer), and site-specific N management (SSNM, 333 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer) were conducted in the Taihu Lake region with the ‘farmer’s N’ treatment (FN, 510 kg N ha ^−1 yr ^−1 , all common chemical fertilizer) as a control. Grain yield, plant N uptake (PNU), NUE, and N losses via runoff, leaching, and ammonia volatilization were assessed. In the rice season, the FN treatment had the highest N loss and lowest NUE, which can be attributed to an excessive rate of N application. Treatments of OCN and RCN with a 22% reduced N rate from FN had no significant effect on PNU nor the yield of rice in the 3 yr; however, the NUE was improved and N loss was reduced 20–32%. OCN treatment achieved the highest yield, while SSNM has the lowest N loss and highest NUE due to the lowest N rate. In wheat season, N loss decreased about 28–48% with the continuous reduction of N input, but the yield also declined, with the exception of OCN treatment. N loss through runoff, leaching and ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the N input rate. When compared with the pure chemical fertilizer treatment of RCN under the same N input, OCN treatment has better NUE, better yield, and lower N loss. 70% of the urea replaced with resin-coated urea had no significant effect on yield and NUE improvement, but decreased the ammonia volatilization loss. Soil total N and organic matter content showed a decrease after three continuous cropping years with inorganic fertilizer application alone, but there was an increase with the OCN treatment. N balance analysis showed a N surplus for FN treatment and a balanced N budget for OCN treatment. To reduce the environmental impact and maintain a high crop production, proper N reduction together with organic amendments could be sustainable in the rice–wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region for a long run. Maintaining Yields And Reducing Nitrogen Loss In Rice-Wheat Rotation System In Taihu Lake Region With Proper Fertilizer Management 10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010