{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-26", "title": "Crop Growth And Nitrogen Turnover Under Increased Temperatures And Low Autumn And Winter Light Intensity", "description": "Abstract   The rise in mean annual temperatures under the projected climate change will affect both soil organic matter turnover and cropping patterns in agriculture. Nitrogen (N) mineralization may be higher during autumn and winter and may increase the risk of nitrate leaching. Our study tested whether a soil cover of winter wheat or a ryegrass catch crop would be able to take up the extra N mineralized during autumn and winter under the low light conditions in Northern Europe, both at current average temperatures (T0) and at 4\u00a0\u00b0C (T+4) and 8\u00a0\u00b0C (T+8) above average. The crops were grown in pots in growth chambers from mid-September to February. Two sowing times were included for winter wheat, with an early sowing in September representing current practice and a late sowing in October to reflect possible future cropping conditions. Biomass yield and soil inorganic N were determined from replicate pots in November, December and February. Reference pots with bare soil were included. N mineralization clearly increased with higher temperatures with, respectively, 22% and 80% more N mineralized in bare soil at T+4 and T+8 than at T0 after 136 days. The ryegrass catch crop emptied the soil of inorganic N very efficiently during both autumn and winter months at all temperatures. The early-sown wheat crop left negligible amounts of inorganic N in the soil at the last harvest in February at T+4 and T+8, whereas it was unable to take up all mineralized N at T0. The prolonged period without a crop before the late sowing of wheat caused generally higher levels of inorganic N to accumulate in soil. Despite the higher mineralization under the raised temperatures, at T+8 the late-sown winter wheat was able to reduce soil inorganic N to a lower level than late-sown wheat at the two lower temperatures. The results indicate that even at the low light intensity during autumn and winter, accelerated N mineralization caused by raised temperatures can potentially be offset by crop N uptake. However, sowing should take place sufficiently early in the autumn to give the crop time to capture the additional N mineralized during autumn, and this may collide with the projected need for later sowing of winter cereals under a warmer climate.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-08", "title": "Deepened Snow Alters Soil Microbial Nutrient Limitations In Arctic Birch Hummock Tundra", "description": "Abstract   Microbial activity in the long arctic cold season is low but cumulatively important. In particular, the size of the microbial biomass and soil solution nutrient pool at the end of winter may control the quantity of nutrients available to plants in the following spring. Microbial starvation and lysis as a result of increasingly severe soluble carbon (C) shortages over winter has been hypothesized as a potential mechanism for microbial nutrient release at thaw. These C shortages may be exacerbated by the warmer temperatures and increased winter precipitation that are consistently predicted for a large part of the low Arctic. In particular, warmer soil temperatures due to deeper snow may increase wintertime microbial activity and organic matter decomposition over the winter, potentially resulting in enhanced nutrient availability to plants in the following growing season.  In this study, we investigated nutrient limitations to soil microbial growth and activity in late winter under ambient and experimentally deepened snow (\u223c0.3 and 1\u00a0m respectively) in birch hummock tundra within the Canadian low Arctic. We hypothesized that the build-up of moderately deeper snow over winter would exacerbate soluble C-limitation to microbial growth and activity and increase soluble N accumulation, and thus stimulate the growth of bacteria relative to fungi. We measured the  in situ  response of the soil microbial biomass and soil soluble pools in control and snow-fenced plots at the end of winter, and then incubated soils from these plots with added C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) (at 0\u201315\u00a0\u00b0C) to characterize nutrient limitations to microbial growth and activity.  In late winter, deepened snow increased the microbial pool of N, yet decreased soil pools of dissolved organic N and C, and decreased bacterial counts. Fungal mass and hyphal lengths did not change, but remained dominant under both ambient and deepened snow. Deepened snow exacerbated the soluble C-limitation to microbial growth and reduced the P-limitation for microbial respiration. Fungal mass and hyphal length responses to nutrient addition were larger than the bacterial mass or abundance responses and fungi from under deepened snow responded more than those from under ambient snow, indicating a different potential structural and physiological response to substrate availability for these two soil microbial communities. Our results indicate that deeper snow may increase microbial nutrient pools and can alter the physiological functioning of the soil microbial community in late winter, suggesting that microbial N release and its availability to plants during spring thaw may be enhanced.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114851", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-11", "title": "Fusion of Vis-NIR and XRF spectra for estimation of key soil attributes", "description": "Precision agriculture (PA) is an integrated solution to optimize the application of farming inputs site-specifically to increase crops efficiency, reduce resources consumption, and protect the environment. Recently, visible-near- infrared (Vis-NIR) and X-ray-fluorescence (XRF) have emerged as efficient and inexpensive proximal soil sensing (PSS) methods for assessment of soil attributes in support of PA applications. The goal of this study was to explore the potential of data fusion in accuracy improvement of predicting key soil attributes using Vis-NIR and XRF spectra. More specifically, local weighted regression (LWR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression methods were examined and compared in prediction of the following soil attributes: pH, organic carbon (OC), phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). Besides the individual-sensor models, we evaluated three data fusion approaches basedon spectra fusion (SF). The first method concatenates the full Vis-NIR and XRF spectra before PLS (SF1-PLS). In the second SF approach (SF2-PLS), the concatenation of the principal components (PCs) of the two spectra types \u2013 each resulted from a principal component analysis (PCA) \u2013 were used as input to PLS. The last proposed method, SF-CNN, uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) with input in form of a matrix whose columns are the PCs of the Vis-NIR and the PCs of the XRF spectra. To evaluate the proposed methods, a total 267 soil samples of nine arable fields were collected and scanned in laboratory settings using a Vis-NIR and an XRF spectrometer. For each soil attribute, the samples of six fields were used as the calibration set while the samples of the remaining three fields were used for validating the prediction models. The individual-sensor and SF models were evaluated in terms of ratio of performance to inter-quartile (RPIQ), root mean square error (RMSE), and Lin\u2019s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC). The validation results showed that PLS generally outperforms LWR. Also, the prediction accuracy obtained from Vis-NIR spectra was better than that of XRF for all the attributes, except for Ca. The proposed SF schemes, especially the SF-CNN, outperformed the individual models in the prediction of all attributes, except P and Ca. The best improvement of the prediction results, compared to the individual-sensor models, was obtained for Mg (RPIQ = 1.60, RMSE = 6.88 mg/100 g, LCCC = 0.93), successively followed by pH (RPIQ = 2.52, RMSE = 0.36, LCCC = 0.68), and Na (RPIQ = 1.69, RMSE = 2.55 mg/100 g, LCCC = 0.65). Overall, the results of this study suggest the CNN-based fusion for the prediction of the studied key soil fertility attributes in order to enable making accurate decisions and control loop in PA applications using high-resolution data on spatiotemporal variability of soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114851"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114851", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114851", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114851"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-26", "title": "Effects of grazing exclusion on carbon sequestration and plant diversity in grasslands of China A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract   Widespread land degradation has strengthened the urgent need to restore overgrazing grasslands. China has implemented the program \u2018Returning Grazing Land to Grassland\u2019 (RGLG) through grazing exclusion by fence since 2003. Despite a lot of field experiments, there is still controversy on the effects of grazing exclusion on rangeland restoration, highlighting the need for synthetic analysis. We conducted a meta-analysis of 447 entries from 78 papers to analyze the spatiotemporal effects of grazing exclusion on plant diversity, productivity and soil carbon sequestration in the major RGLG-implemented provinces of China. Our results showed that, compared with the grazed sites, grazing exclusion significantly increased carbon stored in aboveground biomass, litter mass, belowground biomass and soils by 84.7%, 111.6%, 25.5% and 14.4%, respectively. Plant coverage, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus and soil microbial biomass carbon increased by 52.0%, 21.7% 22.8% and 26.3%, respectively. However, grazing exclusion had little effects on recovering plant diversity in China\u2019s grasslands. Of the factors examined, climatic factors strongly modified the effects of grazing exclusion on ecosystem carbon stocks, for example, precipitation significantly amplified the positive effects. Grazing exclusion played a positive role in soil carbon sequestration in most grassland types except in temperate desert-steppe. But annual soil carbon sequestration rates decayed rapidly over time in both alpine meadow and temperate steppe. Short-term (\u22645\u00a0years) grazing exclusion remarkably increased species richness, but not significantly in the long run. The threshold from neutral to negative effects of grazing exclusion on species evenness occurs after approximately ten years. Our findings provide evidence that grazing exclusion is an effective way to restore vegetation and sequestrate carbon in degraded grasslands, but not beneficial to plant diversity maintenance. The benefits of grazing exclusion are more effective in humid area than arid area. We suggest that grazing exclusion should be ceased after about six to ten years. Additionally, grazing exclusion should integrate with other appropriate management practices instead of operating on a stand-alone basis.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.124"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.124", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.124", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.124"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-24", "title": "Modelling Soil Organic Carbon Turnover In Improved Fallows In Eastern Zambia Using The Rothc-26.3 Model", "description": "Abstract   Scarcity of simple and reliable methods of estimating soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and lack of data from long-term experiments make it difficult to estimate attainable soil C sequestration in tropical improved fallows. Testing and validating existing and widely used SOC models would help to determine attainable C storage in fallows. The Rothamsted C (RothC) model, therefore, was tested using empirical data from improved fallows at Msekera in eastern Zambia. This study (i) determined the effects of nitrogen fixing tree (NFT) species on aboveground organic C inputs to the soil and SOC stocks, (ii) estimated annual net organic C inputs to the soil using the RothC, and (iii) tested the performance of RothC model using empirical data from improved fallows. Soil samples (0\u201320\u00a0cm) were collected from coppicing and non-coppicing fallow experiments in October 2002 for determination of SOC by LECO CHN-1000 analyser. Data on surface litter, maize and weed biomasses, and on weather, were supplied by the Zambia/ICRAF Agroforestry Project. Measured SOC stocks to 20\u00a0cm depth ranged from 32.2 to 37.8\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in coppicing fallows and 29.5 to 30.1\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in non-coppicing fallows compared to 22.2\u201326.2\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in maize monoculture systems. Coppicing fallows accumulated more SOC (680\u20131150\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0year\u22121) than non-coppicing fallows (410\u2013789\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0year\u22121). While treatments with NFTs accumulated more SOC than NFT-free systems, SOC stocks increased with increasing tree biomass production and tree rotation. For food security and C sequestration, coppicing fallows are a potentially viable option.  The RothC-26.3 model calculates the effect of annual above- and below-ground plant residue inputs to the soil on total organic C, microbial biomass, and radiocarbon age of the soil over a period ranging from a few years to centuries. As plant residue inputs from roots during plant growth are rarely known, the model is most often run in \u2018inverse\u2019 mode to generate total annual plant residue inputs from known soil, site, and weather data. The model, run in reverse, estimated the annual net organic C inputs required to maintain SOC stocks. Estimates ranged from 2.8 to 6.1\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in coppicing fallows, 2.2\u20135.7\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in non-coppicing fallows, and from 1.4 to 2.7\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in controls. Modelled inputs comprising above- and below-ground organic residues in fallows were 12\u2013104% greater than measured above-ground inputs alone. The model provided a good fit to empirical SOC data in fertilized maize monoculture, and in coppicing and non-coppicing fallows. Modelled inputs for Leucaena, Gliricidia, Senna, Sesbania, and Cajanus closely matched plant C input values estimated in separate studies, suggesting that RothC is giving reasonable simulations of soil C changes under improved fallow conditions in Zambia. However, the DPM/RPM ratio for plant C inputs in fallows was increased from 0.25 to 1.10 to suit their biodegradability characteristics. The RothC model can be used to calculate annual organic C inputs and SOC stocks in improved fallows provided suitable DPM:RPM ratios are used.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-04", "title": "Thinning Method And Intensity Influence Long-Term Mortality Trends In A Red Pine Forest", "description": "Tree mortality shapes forest development, but rising mortality can represent lost production or an adverse response to changing environmental conditions. Thinning represents a strategy for reducing mortality rates, but different thinning techniques and intensities could have varying impacts depending on how they alter stand structure. We analyzed trends in stand structure, relative density, stand-scale mortality, climate, and correlations between mortality and climate over 46 years of thinning treatments in a red pine forest in Northern Minnesota, USA to examine how thinning techniques that remove trees of different crown classes interact with growing stock manipulation to impact patterns of tree mortality. Relative density in unharvested plots increased during the first 25 years of the study to around 80%, then began to plateau, but was lower (12-62%) in thinned stands. Mortality in unharvested plots claimed 2.5 times more stems yr\u22121 and 8.6 times as large a proportion of annual biomass increment during the last 21 years of the study compared to the first 25 years, but showed few temporal trends in thinned stands. Mortality in thinning treatments was generally lower than in controls, particularly during the last 21 years of the study when mortality averaged about 0.1% of stems yr \u22121 and 4% of biomass increment across thinning treatments, but 0.8% of stems yr \u22121 and 49% of biomass increment in unharvested plots. Treatments that combined thinning from above with low growing stock levels represented an exception, where mortality exceeded biomass production after initial thinning. Mortality averaged less than 0.1% of stems yr\u22121 and less than 1% of annual biomass production in stands thinned from below. These trends suggest thinning from below minimizes mortality across a wide range of growing stock levels while thinning from above to low growing stock levels can result in dramatic short-term increases in mortality. Moderate to high growing stock levels (21-34 m 2 ha \u22121 ) may offer greater flexibility for limiting mortality across a range of thinning methods. Mean and maximum annual and growing season temperatures rose by 0.6-1.8 \u25e6C during the study, and temperature variables were positively correlated with mortality in unharvested plots. Mortality increases in unharvested plots, however, were consistent with self-thinning principles and probably not driven by rising temperatures. These results suggest interactions between thinning method and intensity influence mortality reductions associated with thinning, and demonstrate the need for broader consideration of developmental processes as potential explanations for increased", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-08", "title": "Tracing metal\u2013silicate segregation and late veneer in the Earth and the ureilite parent body with palladium stable isotopes", "description": "Abstract   Stable isotope studies of highly siderophile elements (HSE) have the potential to yield valuable insights into a range of geological processes. In particular, the strong partitioning of these elements into metal over silicates may lead to stable isotope fractionation during metal\u2013silicate segregation, making them sensitive tracers of planetary differentiation processes. We present the first techniques for the precise determination of palladium stable isotopes by MC-ICPMS using a 106Pd\u2013110Pd double-spike to correct for instrumental mass fractionation. Results are expressed as the per mil (\u2030) difference in the 106Pd/105Pd ratio (\u03b4106Pd) relative to an in-house solution standard (Pd_IPGP) in the absence of a certified Pd isotopic standard. Repeated analyses of the Pd isotopic composition of the chondrite Allende demonstrate the external reproducibility of the technique of \u00b10.032\u2030 on \u03b4106Pd. Using these techniques, we have analysed Pd stable isotopes from a range of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples. We find that chondrites define a mean \u03b4106Pdchondrite\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.05\u2030. Ureilites reveal a weak trend towards heavier \u03b4106Pd with decreasing Pd content, similar to recent findings based on Pt stable isotopes (Creech et al., 2017), although fractionation of Pd isotopes is significantly less than for Pt, possibly related to its weaker metal\u2013silicate partitioning behaviour and the limited field shift effect. Terrestrial mantle samples have a mean \u03b4106Pdmantle\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.182\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.130\u2030, which is consistent with a late-veneer of chondritic material after core formation.", "keywords": ["[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Terrestrial planet accretion", "13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "Late-veneer", "Palladium", "Meteorites", "Stable isotopes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geochimica%20et%20Cosmochimica%20Acta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-08", "title": "Two Decades Of Low-Severity Prescribed Fire Increases Soil Nutrient Availability In A Midwestern, Usa Oak (Quercus) Forest", "description": "Abstract   For the last 23\u00a0years, low-severity prescribed fire has been used to decrease shade and fire tolerant tree species, increase oak ( Quercus  spp.), and increase herbaceous plant diversity in the East Woods of The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois, USA. The impacts of these fires on the belowground ecosystem have yet to be measured. Soil (0 to 10\u00a0cm) and litter samples were collected 12, 19, and 24\u00a0months following the most recent fire on 40 plots in burned and un-burned control areas. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties were measured and compared with vegetation composition and structure from these same plots. Compared to un-burned controls, burn plots had greater canopy openness, greater herbaceous richness, and a lower spring/summer herbaceous ratio. Burned plots had higher soil moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, Ca 2\u00a0+ , Mg 2\u00a0+ , K + , Na + , NO 3  \u2212 , total N, particulate organic matter (POM), total organic C, and potential N mineralization. Soil microbial biomass and respiration, texture, color, aggregate stability, and hydrophobicity were not different in burned compared to un-burned plots. Indices of litter and soil invertebrate diversity were also not affected by prescribed fire. Three stepwise least squares models predicted woody richness, herbaceous richness, and spring/summer herbs with aspect, litter invertebrate richness, and soil factors (pH, potential N mineralization, C/N ratio, Mg 2\u00a0+ , Bray P, and soil invertebrate Simpson index). These results confirm others showing prescribed fire to increase soil nutrient availability. Forest structural changes with fire appear correlated with soil nutrient availability. Decreased soil C, nutrient retention, invertebrate diversity, or increased hydrophobicity and the presence of exotic plants is often observed with high-severity fire; but, these negative impacts do not appear to be present with these long-term, low-severity fires.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K.A. Jacobs, Marlin L. Bowles, Bryant C. Scharenbroch, B. Nix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-28", "title": "High-resolution and three-dimensional mapping of soil texture of China", "description": "The lack of detailed three-dimensional soil texture information largely restricts many applications in agriculture, hydrology, climate, ecology and environment. This study predicted 90 m resolution spatial variations of sand, silt and clay contents at a national extent across China and at multiple depths 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. We used 4579 soil profiles collected from a national soil series inventory conducted recently and currently available environmental covariates. The covariates characterized environmental factors including climate, parent materials, terrain, vegetation and soil conditions. We constructed random forest models and employed a parallel computing strategy for the predictions of soil texture fractions based on its relationship with the environmental factors. Quantile regression forest was used to estimate the uncertainty of the predictions. Results showed that the predicted maps were much more accurate and detailed than the conventional linkage maps and the SoilGrids250m product, and could well represent spatial variation of soil texture across China. The relative accuracy improvement was around 245\u2013370% relative to the linkage maps and 83\u2013112% relative to the SoilGrids250m product with regard to the R2, and it was around 24\u201326% and 14\u201319% respectively with regard to the RMSE. The wide range between 5% lower and 95% upper prediction limits may suggest that there was a substantial room to improve current predictions. Besides, we found that climate and terrain factors are major controllers for spatial patterns of soil texture in China. The heat and water-driven physical and chemical weathering and wind-driven erosion processes primarily shape the pattern of clay content. The terrain, wind and water-driven deposition, erosion and transportation sorting processes of soil particles primarily shape the pattern of silt. The findings provide clues for modeling future soil evolution and for national soil security management under the background of global and regional environmental changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Digital soil mapping", "13. Climate action", "Large extent", "Machine learning", "Environmental factors", "Uncertainty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jembe.2006.11.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Effects Of Temperature And Nitrate On Phosphomonoesterase Activities Between Carbon Source And Sink Tissues In Zostera Marina L.", "description": "Inorganic phosphorus (P;) is important in the regulation of many carbon and nitrogen metabolic processes of plants. In this study, we examined alterations of phosphomonoesterase activity (PA; both alkaline and acid) in a submersed marine angiosperm, Zostera marina, grown in P i  non-limiting conditions under elevated temperature and/or nitrate enrichment. Control plants (ambient water-column NO 3  <2.5 \u03bcM, with weekly mean water temperatures between 26.5-27.0 \u00b0C based on a 20-yr data set in a local embayment) were compared to treated plants that were exposed to increased water-column nitrate (8 \u03bcM NO 3  above ambient, pulsed daily at 0900 h), and/or increased temperature (ca. 3 \u00b0C above weekly means) over eight weeks in late summer-fall. Under both nitrate regimes, increased temperature resulted in periodic increased leaf and root-rhizome tissue carbon content, and increased acid and alkaline PA activities (AcPAs and AlPAs, respectively). There was a positive correlation between A1PA and AcPA activities and sucrose synthase activities in belowground structures, and a negative correlation between A1PA activities and sucrose concentrations. There were also periodic changes in PA partitioning between carbon source and sink tissues. In high-temperature and high-nitrate treatments, AcPAs significantly increased in leaves relative to activities in root-rhizome tissues (up to 12-fold higher in aboveground than belowground tissues in as little as 3 weeks after initiation of treatments). These responses were not observed in control plants, which maintained comparable AcPA activities in above- and belowground tissues. In addition, A1PA activity was significantly higher in leaf than in root-rhizome tissues of plants in high-temperature (weeks 3 and 6) and high temperature combined with high nitrate treatments (week 8), relative to A1PA activities in control plants. The observed changes in PAs were not related to P, growth limitation, and may allow Z. marina to alter its carbon metabolism during periods of increased carbon demand/mobilization. This response would make it possible for Z. marina to meet short-term P requirements to maximize carbon production/allocation. Such a mechanism could help to explain the variability in PA activities that has been observed for many plant species during periods when environmental P i  exceeds requirements for optimal growth.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "JoAnn M. Burkholder, Brant W. Touchette,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.11.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Experimental%20Marine%20Biology%20and%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jembe.2006.11.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jembe.2006.11.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.11.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:15:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-06", "title": "The Combined Controls Of Land Use Legacy And Earthworm Activity On Soil Organic Matter Chemistry And Particle Association During Afforestation", "description": "Abstract   The chemistry and physical association of soil organic matter in the patchwork of successional forest stands in the eastern US is strongly controlled by past land use. Invasive earthworm activity in these same systems, however, may impart a chemical and physical disturbance exceeding that of land use legacy. We established eight plots within forests of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) (Edgewater, MD), to compare sites with no record of significant agricultural disturbance or earthworm activity and successional mixed hardwood forests recovering from past agriculture (60\u2013132\u00a0yr) that contained both native and non-native earthworms. Soils (0\u201315\u00a0cm) were separated into physical fractions by size (microaggregates) and density (light and heavy particulate organic matter) and investigated for organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) partitioning. In addition, molecular composition was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy and lignin phenol and substituted fatty acid (SFA) extraction.  Even after 132\u00a0yr of recovery, the successional forests were nearly devoid of O a+e  horizons; a condition we attribute to high activity of invasive earthworms. Additionally, soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration profiles, and  14 C derived mean residence times indicated mixing of the surface soils and fresh input of carbon to 10\u00a0cm, distinct from the undisturbed, mature sites. The proportion of microaggregated particulate organic matter (iPOM) and silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay (iSC) was significantly higher in successional than undisturbed forests, which we attribute to the combined influence of past agricultural land use and high earthworm activity. Among the successional sites, older forests exhibited a significant decrease in the proportion of C and N in iSC but an increase in their proportion in iPOM, suggesting selective incorporation of iPOM with earthworm activity over great periods of time. In addition, continual consumption and mixing activities of the earthworm population could also be a primary control of the higher concentration and less oxidized lignin phenols as well as a higher proportion of lignin phenols to SFA in all soil fractions in the successional sites. Using partial least squares (PLS) regression of FTIR spectra, we also demonstrated a strong correlation between soil C physical distribution (microaggregated vs. non-microaggregated) and chemical aspects of specific FTIR regions which confirmed our findings from the lignin and SFA and showed distinct chemical dominance among the different sites. Our results indicated that while past agricultural practice may have been the primary initial influence on C and N stock and soil physical distribution in the successional sites, the prolonged legacy and trajectory of recovery from the past land disturbance can be controlled by the nature of the invasive and native earthworm activity during afforestation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Organic%20Geochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2003.06.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-28", "title": "Effect Of Management Practices And Cropping Systems On Earthworm Abundance And Microbial Activity In Sanborn Field: A 115-Year-Old Agricultural Field", "description": "Abstract   Sanborn Field, an agricultural demonstration field at the University of Missouri-Columbia, has over 100 years of cropping histories and management practices implemented at this site. We examined the effect of these cropping systems and management practices on earthworm populations and microbial activity. A field experiment was conducted to characterize and quantify earthworms and to determine the microbial activity in the same selected plots. We sampled 14 plots at the site, six of which were the original plots established in 1888 with the same cropping histories and management, and eight of which had been modified over the years to accommodate changing farmer needs and scientific questions. Earthworms and soil samples were collected in the spring and fall of 1999.  Aporrectodea trapezoides ,  Aporrectodea caliginosa , and  Lumbricus terrestris  were the dominant species found in this field.  Lumbricus terrestris  was commonly associated with the no-tillage plot at Sanborn Field. Due partly to soil moisture conditions, most of the species were found and identified during the spring. Microbial activity, as expected, was greatest during the spring. Manure, no-tillage and crop rotations that include legumes had the greatest earthworm abundance and microbial activity. In general, where no fertility treatments were added to soil or where food sources were lacking, earthworm abundance decreased significantly. The abundance of earthworms found in this field reflected the cropping history and management practices used recently and within the last 100 years. In most cases, microbial activity showed similar trends as earthworm density. However, some dynamic microbial transformations, like nitrification, do not always follow the same trend as potential soil quality biotic indicators. Earthworms, along with microbial activity, may serve as useful soil quality indicators in sustained and short-term field trials.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Victoria C. Hubbard, D Jordan, R.J Miles, T Lorenz,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2003.06.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pedobiologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2003.06.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2003.06.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.pedobi.2003.06.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106221", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-19", "title": "Bleaching studies on Al-hole ([AlO4/h]0) electron spin resonance (ESR) signal in sedimentary quartz", "description": "Abstract   Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating of sediments using quartz is most commonly used for older sediments (>100 ka), since large residuals render the ESR signal unsuitable for dating young sediments. The multiple-centre approach (utilising both Ti and [AlO4/h]0 signals) is usually used to test the resetting of the signals used for ESR dating. Here we work towards a better understanding of, and correction for, the residual signal in ESR samples of sedimentary quartz. We undertook multiple-centre ESR measurements using quartz [AlO4/h]0 and Ti signals on young aeolian samples of different grain sizes which have been independently dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Our results demonstrate that [AlO4/h]0 signal yields residuals indicating equivalent doses of about 500\u00a0Gy, substantially older than expected for the known OSL equivalent doses in the range of 8\u201337\u00a0Gy. The decay of [AlO4/h]0 signal as function of bleaching time can be represented by an exponential function. We investigate the dependence of the residual magnitude of the ESR signal as a function of the previous given dose and observe an exponential increase in the residual signal with dose. Such observations are consistent with the results of luminescence process modelling conducted for a model comprising two luminescence centres and several traps, one of which is a so-called deep disconnected trap that cannot be emptied during optical stimulation. We propose that bleaching occurs through an electron-hole recombination process with electrons released from optically sensitive traps. In addition to our new insights into the bleaching mechanisms of the [AlO4/h]0 ESR signal, we discuss the implications for the procedures used for performing residual dose corrections in ESR dating. We recommend that modern analogues be used in addition to laboratory-bleached samples when performing residual dose corrections.", "keywords": ["ESR dating", "Sedimentary quartz", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Residual", "Sedimentary quartz ESR dating[AlO4/h]0 Residual Bleaching Modelling", "[AlO4/h]0", "Bleaching", "01 natural sciences", "Modelling", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106221"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Radiation%20Measurements", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106221", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106221", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106221"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.203", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-11", "title": "Seasonal Patterns Of Nitrogen Cycling In Subtropical Short-Hydroperiod Wetlands: Effects Of Precipitation And Restoration", "description": "In the event of increased frequency of extreme wet or dry events resulting from climate change, it becomes more important to understand the temporal dynamics of soil nitrogen (N) processes in ecosystems. Here, seasonal patterns of N cycling were characterized in subtropical wetlands in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. Two restored sites and one reference site with different nutrient status, soil depth, and vegetation communities, were selected. Soil available N, microbial biomass, potential N mineralization and denitrification rates, enzyme activities of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and N-acetyl-\u03b2-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) were measured across the wet and dry seasons from 2010 to 2011. In general, most N processes were significantly correlated with soil water contents (P<0.05) which reflected the precipitation regime. The lower elevation and shallower soil (2-3cm depth) at the restored site may contribute to their higher soil water contents compared to the reference site with ~10cm soil depth, which further led to the earlier peaks of microbial biomass at the two restored sites. Potential N mineralization was positively correlated with LAP at the restored sites whereas with NAG at the reference site (P<0.05), implying that different vegetation composition may provide varying substrates for soil microbes. The build-up of nitrate in the dry spring of 2011 induced a pulse of denitrification after rewetting by a sudden rainfall, implying the presence of a hot moment of denitrification during the dry-rewetting transition period. The decrease of MBC:MBN ratio from dry to wet season indicates a possible microbial composition shift from fungi to bacteria, shedding lights on the potential contribution of fugal groups to denitrification in the dry season. Our study highlight that even under the same climate regime, the small-scale variations could affect the seasonal patterns of N cycling.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.203"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.203", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.203", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.203"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-11", "title": "Microbial Interactions Affect Sources Of Priming Induced By Cellulose", "description": "Abstract   The recently developed 3-source-partitioning approach: addition of  14 C labeled organics to soil after C3\u2013C4 vegetation changes, was used to distinguish C sources in three compartments, namely CO 2 , microbial biomass and dissolved organic C (DOC) during decomposition of labeled cellulose. Microbial community structure (based on PLFA composition) and functions (based on enzyme activities and on microbial growth parameters) revealed mechanisms and drivers of priming effects (PE) induced by cellulose addition.   14 C-cellulose input caused negative PE within the first week and was accompanied by fast consumption of unlabelled DOC and its incorporation into microbial biomass. Microbial activation however, was not confirmed by substrate-induced respiration, nor by hydrolytic enzymes activity or by PLFA changes. A remarkable exception was a 2-fold increase in protozoan PLFA. Such an increase indicates that microorganisms feeding on cellulose and on DOC were quickly grazed by protozoans acting as a driver of microbial succession. This experimentally demonstrates the functioning of the microbial interactions: protozoan grazers provided for rapid recycling of nutrients and facilitated the succession of cellulose-degrading microorganisms during the second week of cellulose decomposition. An increase in the activity of cellulolytic enzymes caused short-term real PE accompanied by increase in abundance of slow-growing fungi and G(\u2212) bacteria. Long-term real PE observed between 14 and 60 days after cellulose input was due to decomposition of SOM-originated hemicelluloses by fungi and G(+) bacteria. The CO 2  released by primed soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition was originated mainly from C younger than 12 years (63%) and only 37% were older than 12 years despite the recent and old C contributed almost equally (51 and 49%, respectively) to SOM under  Miscanthus giganteus . This indicates that the SOM pools are involved in PE according to their availability. Despite 71% of the applied cellulose-C was sequestered in the soil, the net soil C-gain amounted only for 28% of the applied cellulose-C after factoring in the C losses by the PE. Our study emphasizes the role of food webs in the PE dynamics: cellulose input served as a driver activating the food chain through the microbial loop.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-22", "title": "Effect of fertilization on soil microorganisms in paddy rice systems - A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract   Soil microorganisms are considered a sensitive indicator of soil health and quality. In cropping systems, soil microorganisms are strongly affected by crop management, including the application of fertilizers. While studies in natural ecosystems have generally found that increased nitrogen (N) inputs decrease microbial biomass, microorganisms in soils under upland crops often benefit from mineral fertilizer input. Paddy rice soils, being flooded for part of the season, are dominated by different carbon (C) and N cycle processes and microbial communities than soils under upland crops. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of fertilizer on soil microorganisms in paddy rice systems in a meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature. Across all studies (n\u00a0=\u00a055), the addition of mineral fertilizer significantly increased microbial biomass carbon content (MBC) by 26% in paddy rice soils. Mineral fertilizer applications also increased soil organic carbon content (SOC) by 13%. The higher crop productivity with fertilization likely led to higher organic C inputs, which in turn increased SOC and MBC contents. The time of sampling within a season (pre-plant rice, in-season rice, post-harvest rice, or post-harvest rotational crop) did not significantly affect the response of MBC to mineral fertilizer. The positive effect of mineral fertilizer on MBC content did not differ between cropping systems with continuous rice and systems where paddy rice was grown in rotation with other crops. However, compared with upland cropping systems, the increase in the microbial biomass due to mineral fertilizer application is more pronounced in rice cropping systems, even when rice is grown in rotation with an upland crop. Differences in climate and soil oxygen availability likely explain the stronger response of soil microorganisms to mineral fertilizer input in paddy rice systems. Our analysis suggests that fertilization does not consistently select for specific microbial groups (e.g. gram positive or negative bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes) in paddy rice systems; however, it affects microbial community composition through changes in soil properties. How specific groups of microorganisms respond to mineral fertilization likely depends on environmental factors. Overall, our results suggest that in paddy rice systems the application of inorganic fertilizers increases SOC and MBC contents, both of which are important indicators of soil health.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bruce A. Linquist, Patricia Lazicki, Daniel Geisseler,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-29", "title": "Nitrogen Fertilization And Cropping Systems Effects On Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen Pools Under Chisel-Plow Tillage In Illinois", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural soils can be a major sink for atmospheric carbon (C) with adoption of recommended management practices (RMPs). Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and cropping systems on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N (TN) concentrations and pools. Replicated soil samples were collected in May 2004 to 90\u00a0cm depth from a 23-year-old experiment at the Northwestern Illinois Agricultural Research and Demonstration Center, Monmouth, IL. The SOC and TN concentrations and pools, soil bulk density ( \u03c1  b ) and soil C:N ratio were measured for five N rates [0 (N 0 ), 70 (N 1 ), 140 (N 2 ), 210 (N 3 ) and 280 (N 4 ) kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ] and two cropping systems [continuous corn ( Zea mays  L.) (CC), and corn\u2013soybean ( Glycine max  (L . ) Merr.) rotation (CS)]. Long-term N fertilization and cropping systems significantly influenced SOC concentrations and pools to 30\u00a0cm depth. The SOC pool in 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth ranged from 68.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  for N 0  to 75.8\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  for N 4 . Across all N treatments, the SOC pool in 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth for CC was 4.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  greater than for CS. Similarly, TN concentrations and pools were also significantly affected by N rates. The TN pool for 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth ranged from 5.36\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  for N 0  to 6.14\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  for N 4 . In relation to cropping systems, the TN pool for 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth for CC was 0.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  greater than for CS. The increase in SOC and TN pools with higher N rates is attributed to the increased amount of biomass production in CC and CS systems. Increasing N rates significantly decreased  \u03c1  b  for 0\u201330\u00a0cm and decreased the soil C:N ratio for 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil depth. However, none of the measured soil properties were significantly correlated with N rates and cropping systems below 30\u00a0cm soil depth. We conclude that in the context of developing productive and environmentally sustainable agricultural systems on a site and soil specific basis, the results from this study is helpful to strengthening the database of management effects on SOC storage in the Mollisols of Midwestern U.S.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2007.02.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2007.02.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2013.05.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-01", "title": "Soil Carbon Stratification Affected By Long-Term Tillage And Cropping Systems In Southern Brazil", "description": "Abstract   Continuous residue inputs when associated with minimum soil disturbance gradually promote the stratification of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the soil profile. In temperate soils, this characteristic has been used as an indicator of quality of soil management. However, few studies have been conducted with this indicator in tropical and subtropical climates or with the main soil orders in these areas. To fill this gap, this study was carried out in a subtropical climate with two of the major Brazilian soil orders, Oxisol and Alfisol, that together account for 63% of Brazilian agricultural soils. This study tested the hypothesis that the CSR is affected by soil order and climate type. The main treatments were soil tillage and different cropping systems in two long-term experiments carried out in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The first experiment, established in 1985, was conducted over a clayey Hapludox (Oxisol) soil. The main plots were treated with one of two tillage systems (conventional tillage \u2013 CT; and no-tillage \u2013 NT). The subplots were treated with one of three cropping systems: (a) continuous crop succession (R0) \u2013 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill); (b) winter crop rotation (R1)\u2013wheat/soybean/black oat (Avena strigosa Schreber)/soybean; (c) summer and winter crop rotation (R2) \u2013 wheat/soybean/black oat/soybean/black oat\u00a0+\u00a0common vetch (Vicia sativa L. Walp)/maize (Zea mays L.)/forage radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus Metzg.). The second experiment was established in 1991 over a sandy loam distrophic Paleudalf (Alfisol) soil. Five cropping systems were analyzed under no-till: (a) maize\u00a0+\u00a0jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis DC)/soybean (M/JB); (b) maize/fallow/soybean (M/F); (c) maize/ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)\u00a0+\u00a0common vetch/soybean (M/R); (d) maize\u00a0+\u00a0velvet beans (Stizolobium cinereum Piper and Tracy)/soybean (M/VB); and (e) maize/radish oil/soybean (M/FR). The carbon stratification ratio (CSR) was assessed in the 19th and 22nd experimental years for Oxisol and in the 10th and 17th years for Alfisol. This index was calculated through the ratio of SOC stocks in the 0\u20130.05 and 0.05\u20130.15\u00a0m soil layers. The CPI was determined through the ratio of SOC stocks in the 0\u20130.15\u00a0m soil layer in a given treatment compared with native vegetation. Regardless of the soil order, SOC was influenced by C input and the tillage system; there was a positive linear relationship between CSR and CPI. The relationship between the CSR and the carbon pool index (CPI) was used to infer the quality of soil management. Higher CSR and CPI indices were found under treatments with minimum soil disturbance and intensive crop rotation. Lower CSR and CPI values were associated with frequent mobilization and lower crop diversity. These CSR indices sensitively distinguished the intensity of tillage (NT replacing CT) and cropping systems (cover crops replacing winter fallow or crop succession). The CSR values in subtropical soils investigated were lower than those reported for temperate soils. The soil order affected the critical CSR value being lower in the Oxisol than in the Alfisol. Our findings recommend accept our hypothesis that the CSR is affected by climate and soil order.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.05.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2013.05.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2013.05.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2013.05.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s1742170512000257", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-24", "title": "Conservation Agriculture Systems For Malawian Smallholder Farmers: Long-Term Effects On Crop Productivity, Profitability And Soil Quality", "description": "Abstract<p>Conservation agriculture (CA) systems are based upon minimal soil disturbance; crop residue retention and crop rotation and/or intercrop association are increasingly seen to recycle nutrients, increase yield and reduce production costs. This study examines the effects of CA practices on crop productivity, profitability and soil quality under the conditions encountered by smallholder farmers in two farming communities from 2005 to 2011 in Malawi, as part of the contribution to remedy a lack of supporting agronomic research for these relatively new systems. The drier agroenvironment of Lemu of Bazale Extension Planning Area (EPA) is characterized by sandy clay loam soils and lower rainfall. Here, CA showed positive benefits on maize yield after the first season of experimentation, with highest increases of 2.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921and 2.3 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921more yield in CA monocrop maize and CA maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume intercrop, respectively, than the conventional tillage in the driest season of 2009/10. In the high rainfall environment of Zidyana EPA (characterized by sandy loam soils), substantial maize yield benefits resulted in the fifth season of experimentation. Farmers spent at most 50 days ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921(US$140) producing maize under CA systems compared with 62 days ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921(US$176) spent under conventional tillage practices. In Lemu, both CA systems resulted in gross margins three times higher than that of the conventional control plot, while in Zidyana, CA monocrop maize and CA maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume intercrop resulted in 33 and 23% higher gross margins, respectively, than conventional tillage. In Zidyana, the earthworm population was highest (48 earthworms m\uffe2\uff88\uff922in the first 30 cm) in CA monocrop maize, followed by a CA maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume intercropping (40 earthworms) and lowest (nine earthworms) in conventionally tilled treatment. In both study locations CA monocrop maize and CA maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume intercrop gave higher water infiltration than the conventional treatment. Improvements in crop productivity, overall economic gain and soil quality have made CA an attractive system for farmers in Malawi and other areas with similar conditions. However, for extensive adoption of CA by smallholder farmers, cultural beliefs that crop production is possible without the ubiquitous ridge and furrow system and residue burning for mice hunting have to be overcome.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170512000257"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Renewable%20Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s1742170512000257", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s1742170512000257", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s1742170512000257"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004298309606", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-21", "description": "Fluxes of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide were measured from soils under ambient (350 \u00b5L L-1) and enhanced (600 \u00b5L L-1) carbon dioxide partial pressures (pCO2) at the \u2018Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment\u2019 (FACE) experiment, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Eschikon, Switzerland in July 1995, using a GC housed in a mobile laboratory. Measurements were made in plots of Lolium perenne maintained under high N input. During the data collection period N fertiliser was applied at a rate of 14 g m-2 of N. Elevated pCO2 appeared to result in an increased (27%) output of N2O, thought to be the consequence of enhanced root-derived available soil C, acting as an energy source for denitrification. The climate, agricultural practices and soils at the FACE experiment combined to give rise to some of the largest N2O emissions recorded for any terrestrial ecosystem. The amount of CO2\u2013C being lost from the control plot was higher (10%) than for the enhanced CO2 plot, and is the reverse of that predicted. The control plot oxidised consistently more CH4 than the enhanced plot, oxidising 25.5 \u00b1 0.8 \u00b5g m-2 hr-1 of CH4 for the control plot, with an average of 8.5 \u00b1 0.4 \u00b5g m-2 hr-1 of CH4 for the enhanced CO2 plot. This suggests that elevated pCO2 may lead to a feedback whereby less CH4 is removed from the atmosphere. Despite the limited nature of the current study (in time and space), the observations made here on the interactions of elevated pCO2 and soil trace gas release suggest that significant interactions are occurring. The feedbacks involved could have importance at the global scale.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Philip Ineson, P.A. Coward, U.A. Hartwig,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004298309606"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004298309606", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004298309606", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004298309606"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-23", "title": "Soil Freezing Alters Fine Root Dynamics In A Northern Hardwood Forest", "description": "The retention of nutrients within an ecosystem depends on temporal andspatial synchrony between nutrient availability and nutrient uptake, anddisruption of fine root processes can have dramatic impacts on nutrientretention within forest ecosystems. There is increasing evidence thatoverwinter climate can influence biogeochemical cycling belowground,perhaps by disrupting this synchrony. In this study, we experimentallyreduced snow accumulation in northern hardwood forest plots to examinethe effects of soil freezing on the dynamics of fine roots (< 1 mm diameter)measured using minirhizotrons. Snow removal treatment during therelatively mild winters of 1997\u20131998 and 1998\u20131999 induced mild freezingtemperatures (to \u22124 \u00b0C) lasting approximately three months atshallow soil depths (to \u221230 cm) in sugar maple and yellow birch stands.This treatment resulted in elevated overwinter fine root mortality in treatedcompared to reference plots of both species, and led to an earlier peak infine root production during the subsequent growing season. These shiftsin fine root dynamics increased fine root turnover but were not largeenough to significantly alter fine root biomass. No differences inmorality response were found between species. Laboratory tests on pottedtree seedlings exposed to controlled freezing regimes confirmed that mildfreezing temperatures (to \u22125 \u00b0C) were insufficient to directlyinjure winter-hardened fine roots of these species, suggesting that themarked response recorded in our forest plots was caused indirectly bymechanical damage to roots in frozen soil. Elevated fine root necromass intreated plots decomposed quickly, and may have contributed an excess fluxof about 0.5 g N/m2\u00b7yr, which is substantial relative tomeasurements of N fluxes from these plots. Our results suggest elevatedoverwinter mortality temporarily reduced fine root length in treatmentplots and reduced plant uptake, thereby disrupting the temporalsynchrony between nutrient availability and uptake and enhancing ratesof nitrification. Increased frequency of soil freezing events, as may occurwith global change, could alter fine root dynamics within the northernhardwood forest disrupting the normally tight coupling between nutrientmineralization and uptake.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013072519889"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1013072519889"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1021366911279", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-21", "description": "Short-term improved fallow technology, which is characterised by deliberate planting of fast growing N2 fixing legumes species in rotation with crops is currently being promoted for soil fertility replenishment in the small holder farms in the tropics. Recent research and extension efforts on this technology have mainly focused on a narrow range of species. There is a need to evaluate more alternative species in order to diversify the options available to farmers and hence reduce the risks of over dependence on fewer species. We evaluated twenty-two shrubby and herbaceous species for their site adaptability, biomass and nutrient accumulation, biomass quality and maize yield response to soil incorporated plant biomass after the fallow (six and twelve months) in three different field experiments on a Kandiudalfic Eutrudox in western Kenya. Species which yielded large amounts ofthe most biomass N adequate for two to three maize crops were Sesbania sesban, Tephrosia vogelii, Tephrosia candida, Crotalaria grahamiana, Dodonea viscosa, Colopogonium mucunoides, Desmondium uncinatum, Glycine wightii and Macroptilium atropurpureum. Most fallow species tested recycled  10%) and polyphenol (>2%) concentrations. were found only in the shrubby species, and the (Ppolyphenol + lignin ): N ratio varied widely (0.3\u20135) amongst the species. evaluated. Maize yield increased by two-fold in the first season following the fallow phase compared with continuous maize for most species. Results suggest that there are a wide variety of legumes that could be used for use in improved fallow technologies aimed at ameliorating nutrient degraded soils and subsequently enhancing crop yields.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S. Gathumbi, A.I. Niang, J. de Wolf, B.A. Amadalo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021366911279"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1021366911279", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1021366911279", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1021366911279"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-23", "title": "Data Assimilation and Online Parameter Optimization in Groundwater Modeling Using Nested Particle Filters", "description": "Abstract<p>Over the past decades, advances in data collection and machine learning have paved the way for the development of autonomous simulation frameworks. Among these, many are capable not only of assimilating real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time data to correct their predictive shortcomings but also of improving their future performance through self\uffe2\uff80\uff90optimization. In hydrogeology, such techniques harbor great potential for informing sustainable management practices. Simulating the intricacies of groundwater flow requires an adequate representation of unknown, often highly heterogeneous geology. Unfortunately, it is difficult to reconcile the structural complexity demanded by realistic geology with the simplifying assumptions introduced in many calibration methods. The particle filter framework would provide the necessary versatility to retain such complex information but suffers from the curse of dimensionality, a fundamental limitation discouraging its use in systems with many unknowns. Due to the prevalence of such systems in hydrogeology, the particle filter has received little attention in groundwater modeling so far. In this study, we explore the combined use of dimension\uffe2\uff80\uff90reducing techniques and artificial parameter dynamics to enable a particle filter framework for a groundwater model. Exploiting freedom in the design of the dimension\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction approach, we ensure consistency with a predefined geological pattern. The performance of the resulting optimizer is demonstrated in a synthetic test case for three such geological configurations and compared to two Ensemble Kalman Filter setups. Favorable results even for deliberately misspecified settings make us hopeful that nested particle filters may constitute a useful tool for geologically consistent real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time parameter optimization.</p", "keywords": ["0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018WR024408"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr024408"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Resources%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2018wr024408"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/srep06365", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-15", "title": "Earthworms increase plant production: a meta-analysis", "description": "To meet the challenge of feeding a growing world population with minimal environmental impact, we need comprehensive and quantitative knowledge of ecological factors affecting crop production. Earthworms are among the most important soil dwelling invertebrates. Their activity affects both biotic and abiotic soil properties, in turn affecting plant growth. Yet, studies on the effect of earthworm presence on crop yields have not been quantitatively synthesized. Here we show, using meta-analysis, that on average earthworm presence in agroecosystems leads to a 25% increase in crop yield and a 23% increase in aboveground biomass. The magnitude of these effects depends on presence of crop residue, earthworm density and type and rate of fertilization. The positive effects of earthworms become larger when more residue is returned to the soil, but disappear when soil nitrogen availability is high. This suggests that earthworms stimulate plant growth predominantly through releasing nitrogen locked away in residue and soil organic matter. Our results therefore imply that earthworms are of crucial importance to decrease the yield gap of farmers who can't -or won't- use nitrogen fertilizer.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "agroecosystems", "Nitrogen", "growth", "n pools", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Article", "Animals", "Biomass", "soil carbon", "Oligochaeta", "Ecosystem", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "tolerance", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "communities", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystem services", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06365"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep06365", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep06365", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep06365"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr10014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-28", "title": "Effect Of Banded Biochar On Dryland Wheat Production And Fertiliser Use In South-Western Australia: An Agronomic And Economic Perspective", "description": "<p>  Effects of banded biochar application on dryland wheat production and fertiliser use in 4 experiments in Western Australia and South Australia suggest that biochar has the potential to reduce fertiliser requirement while crop productivity is maintained, and biochar additions can increase crop yields at lower rates of fertiliser use. Banding was used to minimise wind erosion risk and place biochar close to crop roots. The biochars/metallurgical chars used in this study were made at relatively high temperatures from woody materials, forming stable, low-nutrient chars. The results suggest that a low biochar application rate (~1\uffe2\uff80\uff89t/ha) by banding may provide significant positive effects on yield and fertiliser requirement. Benefits are likely to result from improved crop nutrient and water uptake and crop water supply from increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonisation during dry seasons and in low P soils, rather than through direct nutrient or water supply from biochars. Financial analysis using farm cash flow over 12 years suggests that a break-even total cost of initial biochar use can range from AU$40 to 190/ha if the benefits decline linearly to nil over 12 years, taking into account a P fertiliser saving of 50% or a yield increase of 10%, or both, assuming long-term soil fertility is not compromised. Accreditation of biochar for carbon trading may assist cost reduction. </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr10014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr10014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr10014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr10014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr13043", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-20", "title": "Impact Of Carbon Farming Practices On Soil Carbon In Northern New South Wales", "description": "<p>This study sought to quantify the influence of \uffe2\uff80\uff98carbon farming\uffe2\uff80\uff99 practices on soil carbon stocks, in comparison with conventional grazing and cropping, in northern New South Wales. The study had two components: assessment of impacts of organic amendments on soil carbon and biological indicators in croplands on Vertosols of the Liverpool Plains; and assessment of the impact of grazing management on soil carbon in Chromosols of the Northern Tablelands. The organic amendment sites identified for the survey had been treated with manures, composts, or microbial treatments, while the conventional management sites had received only chemical fertilisers. The rotational grazing sites had been managed so that grazing was restricted to short periods of several days, followed by long rest periods (generally several months) governed by pasture growth. These were compared with sites that were grazed continuously. No differences in total soil carbon stock, or soil carbon fractions, were observed between sites treated with organic amendments and those treated with chemical fertiliser. There was some evidence of increased soil carbon stock under rotational compared with continuous grazing, but the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stocks were not significantly different in either of the management contrasts, but tended to show higher values in organic treatments and rotational grazing. The enzymatic activities of \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase and leucine-aminopeptidase were significantly higher in rotational than continuous grazing but statistically similar for the cropping site treatments. Relative abundance and community structure, measured on a subset of the cropping sites, showed a higher bacteria\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89fungi ratio and provided evidence that microbial process rates were significantly higher in chemically fertilised sites than organic amendment sites, suggesting enhanced mineralisation of organic matter under conventional management. The higher enzyme activity and indication of greater efficiency of microbial populations on carbon farming sites suggests a greater potential to build soil carbon under these practices. Further research is required to investigate whether the indicative trends observed reflect real effects of management.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Land Capability and Soil Degradation", "550", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Land capability and soil productivity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr13043"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr13043", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr13043", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr13043"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/jpe/rtv027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-07", "title": "Effects Of Precipitation On Soil Organic Carbon Fractions In Three Subtropical Forests In Southern China", "description": "Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of precipitation changes on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions in subtropical for- ests where the precipitation pattern has been altered for decades. Methods We conducted field manipulations of precipitation, including ambient precipitation as a control (CK), double precipitation (DP) and no precip- itation (NP), for 3 years in three forests with different stand ages (broad- leaf forest (BF), mixed forest (MF) and pine forest (PF)) in subtropical China. At the end of the experiment, soil samples were collected to assay SOC content, readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROC) and non-readily oxidizable organic carbon (NROC), as well as soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), pH and total nitrogen content. Samples from the forest floors were also collected to analyze carbon (C) functional groups (i.e. alkyl C, aromatic C, O-alkyl C and carbonyl C). Furthermore, fine root biomass was measured periodically throughout the experiment. Important Findings Among the forests, ROC content did not exhibit any notable differ- ences, while NROC content increased significantly with the stand age. This finding implied that the SOC accumulation observed in these forests resulted from the accumulation of NROC in the soil, a mechanism for SOC accumulation in the mature forests of south- ern China. Moreover, NP treatment led to significant reductions in both ROC and NROC content and therefore reduced the total SOC content in all of the studied forests. Such decreases may be due to the lower plant-derived C inputs (C quantity) and to the changes in SOC components (C quality) indicated by C functional groups analyses under NP treatment. DP treatment in all the forests also tended to decrease the SOC content, although the decreases were not statistically significant with the exception of SOC and ROC con- tent in PF. This finding indicated that soils in MF and in BF may be more resistant to precipitation increases, possibly due to less water limitations under natural conditions in the two forests. Our results therefore highlight the different responses of SOC and its fractions to precipitation changes among the forests and suggest that further studies are needed to improve our understanding of SOC dynamics in such an important C sink region.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Guowei Chu, Guoyi Zhou, Xiaomei Chen, Qingyan Qiu, Guohua Liang, Shizhong Liu, Junhua Yan, Juxiu Liu, Deqiang Zhang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtv027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/jpe/rtv027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/jpe/rtv027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/jpe/rtv027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/plphys/kiad398", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-10", "title": "Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis impacts root hair development and symbiotic associations inLotus japonicus", "description": "Abstract<p>Legume roots can be symbiotically colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. In Lotus japonicus, the latter occurs intracellularly by the cognate rhizobial partner Mesorhizobium loti or intercellularly with the Agrobacterium pusense strain IRBG74. Although these symbiotic programs show distinctive cellular and transcriptome signatures, some molecular components are shared. In this study, we demonstrate that 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase 1 (DAHPS1), the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of aromatic amino acids (AAAs), plays a critical role in root hair development and for AM and rhizobial symbioses in Lotus. Two homozygous DAHPS1 mutants (dahps1-1 and dahps1-2) showed drastic alterations in root hair morphology, associated with alterations in cell wall dynamics and a progressive disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. The altered root hair structure was prevented by pharmacological and genetic complementation. dahps1-1 and dahps1-2 showed significant reductions in rhizobial infection (intracellular and intercellular) and nodule organogenesis and a delay in AM colonization. RNAseq analysis of dahps1-2 roots suggested that these phenotypes are associated with downregulation of several cell wall\uffe2\uff80\uff93related genes, and with an attenuated signaling response. Interestingly, the dahps1 mutants showed no detectable pleiotropic effects, suggesting a more selective recruitment of this gene in certain biological processes. This work provides robust evidence linking AAA metabolism to root hair development and successful symbiotic associations.</p", "keywords": ["580", "Plant biology", "570", "Phenotype", "Mycorrhizae", "Lotus", "Symbiosis", "Root Nodules", " Plant", "Plant Roots", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article-pdf/193/2/1508/51727974/kiad398.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad398"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/plphys/kiad398", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/plphys/kiad398", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/plphys/kiad398"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1094/pdis-06-21-1276-pdn", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "First Report of Multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani AG4 HG-I Causing Crown and Root Rot on Strawberry in Italy", "description": "Strawberry (Fragaria\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0ananassa\u00a0Duch.) is a crop of great economic importance in Italy, where it is grown in soil and under soilless conditions. In March 2019, about 30 to 35% of plants (cv. Portola) grown in a peat substrate under soilless conditions in a farm located in Cuneo Province died. The examination of 10 plants showed crown and root rot over 100% of the root/crown. Affected plants showed brown necrotic tissues in basal leaves and petiole necrosis. Crown and root tissues were cleaned thoroughly from soil residues under tap water. Portions (about 3 to 5 mm) from crowns and roots were cut and surface disinfected with a water solution of NaClO at 0.5% for 2 min and rinsed in sterile water. The tissue fragments were plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 100 mg/liter of streptomycin sulfate and incubated at 25\u00b0C. After 3 days, fungal colonies with septate hyphae and right-angled branching similar to\u00a0Rhizoctonia solani\u00a0were observed with high frequency (90%) (Sneh et\u00a0al. 1991). To confirm the species identity, hyphal tips were transferred from the obtained colonies to PDA and grown for 10 days at 22 \u00b1 1\u00b0C. Mycelium was light brown, compact, with radial growth. The hyphal width varied from 8.5 to 10 \u03bcm. Sclerotia were not present. DNA was then extracted from a single representative isolate (RH230), and rDNA ITS sequencing was conducted as described by\u00a0Aiello et\u00a0al. (2017). The rDNA ITS sequence of RH230 (GenBank accession no. MZ373271) was 100% identical (603/603 bp) to part of another sequence previously identified as\u00a0R. solani\u00a0AG4 HG-I (MK583647,\u00a0Claerbout et\u00a0al. 2019). Twenty-day-old healthy plants of cultivar Portola were planted in a steam-disinfested peat soil (12-liter pots) infested with 1 g/liter of wheat kernels colonized for 10 days with the isolate RH230 to evaluate the pathogenicity. Control plants were planted in a steam-disinfested peat substrate amended with noninoculated sterilized wheat kernels. Six plants per treatments were used and kept in a greenhouse at 25 \u00b1 3\u00b0C. Crown and root rot similar to that observed in the farm developed 40 to 55 days after inoculation and resulted in 50 to 66% dead plants during two repeated trials. Fungal colonies morphologically similar to\u00a0R. solani\u00a0were consistently reisolated from affected crowns, and the resequencing of the rDNA ITS region fulfilled Koch\u2019s postulates. Control plants remained healthy.\u00a0Rhizoctonia\u00a0isolates of AG-A and AG-G anastomosis groups were found as pathogens of strawberry in Italy (Manici and Bonora 2007), while the AG4 HG-I was reported in Israel (Sharon et\u00a0al. 2007).\u00a0R. solani\u00a0AG4 HG-I was found on other hosts (Aiello et\u00a0al. 2017); however, to our knowledge, this is the first report on strawberry in Italy. The disease could become a significant problem for soilless culture strawberry in Italy, causing severe yield losses.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Crown rot; Rhizoctonia; Root rot; Strawberry", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-21-1276-pdn"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Disease", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1094/pdis-06-21-1276-pdn", "name": "item", "description": "10.1094/pdis-06-21-1276-pdn", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1094/pdis-06-21-1276-pdn"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1097/00010694-200504000-00005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-05", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration Rates In Two Long-Term No-Till Experiments In Ohio", "description": "The effectiveness of no-till (NT) farming in reducing loss of soil organic matter (SOM) depends on climate and soil properties. Soil samples were obtained from two long-term experiments that were designed to study the impact of tillage systems on crop yields. However, the objectives of this experiment were to assess the impact of NT on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rate and other soil properties and to estimate historic depletion of SOC under different soil management practices with reference to the undisturbed wooded control. The two long-term experiments in Ohio studied were those sited at South Charleston and Hoytville. The South Charleston (83\u00b0 30' W and 39\u00b0 48' N) experiment was established in 1962 on Crosby silt loam (fine mixed, mesic Aeric Ochraqualf). The site has long-term annual temperature and precipitation of 10.8 \u00b0C and 1043 mm, respectively. Tillage treatments for continuous corn (Zea mays) were NT, chisel plow (CP), and moldboard plow (MP). The Hoytville (84\u00b0 04' W and 41\u00b0 03' N) experiment was established in 1987 on Hoytville clay loam (fine, illitic mesic Mollic Epiaqualfs) soil. The site has long-term annual temperature and precipitation of 9.9 \u00b0C and 845 mm, respectively. There were two crop rotations: (i) 2-year corn-soybean (Glycine max) rotation with NT and subsoiling and (ii) 3-year corn-soybean-oat (Avena sativa) rotation with NT, CP, and rotational tillage soil management. The Hoytville clay site is poorly drained, has higher clay content, and higher and more even by distributed antecedent level of SOC in the soil profile than does the South Charleston silt loam soil. No-till increased SOC and N pools in the 0 to 5-cm layer in silt loam soil but had no effect in clay soil. The rate of SOC sequestration in the silt-loam soil under NT was 175 kg C ha -1  y -1 . The silt loam soil had higher SOC and N stratification ratios in NT than in MP and CP treatments, whereas the stratification ratios were low and similar in all treatments in the clayey soil. For both soils, there were no differences between tillage treatments in several soil properties including texture, available water capacity, hydraulic conductivity (K s ), and cation exchange capacity. The NT decreased soil bulk density and pH in the 0 to 15-cm layer in the silt loam soil. The plow till treatments had a small impact on soil aggregation in clayey soil. The decline in water-stable aggregates with reference to NT was no more than one sixth. In the silt loam soil, however, the water-stable aggregates in plow till treatments were merely one third of that in the NT treatment. The historic loss of the SOC pool for 0 to 30-cm depth under agricultural land use was 25 to 35% in silt loam and 19 to 25% in the clayey soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Marek K. Jarecki,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200504000-00005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1097/00010694-200504000-00005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1097/00010694-200504000-00005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1097/00010694-200504000-00005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1099/acmi.ac2020.po0460", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-14", "title": "Identification of isoprene-degrading bacteria in phyllosphere and soil communities from high isoprene-emitting oil palm trees by DNA-stable isotope probing", "description": "<p>Isoprene is the most abundant biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) on Earth, with annual global emissions almost equal to those from methane. Due to its volatile nature and high reactivity, isoprene plays a complex role in atmospheric chemistry and hence, climate. However, very little is known about its biological degradation in the environment. The vast majority of isoprene (500 Tg \uffc2\uffb7y-1) is produced by terrestrial plants and oil palm is considered one of the highest isoprene-producing trees, with estimated emissions of 175 \uffce\uffbcg\uffc2\uffb7g-1 dry leaves \uffc2\uffb7h-1. Oil palm is also a heavily cultivated crop since it is the source of 30% of the vegetable oil in the world and in countries such as Malaysia represents &gt;85% of total agricultural land. The vast expansion of a single crop that emits such high amounts of isoprene have raised serious concerns about its impact on air quality and climate change. We performed DNA Stable Isotope Probing (DNA-SIP) to study the isoprene-degrading community of oil palm trees in a Malaysian plantation and identified novel genera of isoprene-utilising bacteria in both oil palm soils and leaves. isoA amplicon sequencing data also confirmed that oil palm trees harbour a novel diversity of isoA genes, which encode the alpha subunit of the isoprene monooxygenase, a key enzyme in isoprene metabolism. In addition, metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) were reconstructed from metagenomes from oil palm soil and leaf incubations and analysed to identify isoprene degradation gene clusters in these microorganisms. Finally, analysis of unenriched metagenomes showed that isoA-containing bacteria are more abundant in soils than in the oil palm phyllosphere.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.ac2020.po0460"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Access%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1099/acmi.ac2020.po0460", "name": "item", "description": "10.1099/acmi.ac2020.po0460", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1099/acmi.ac2020.po0460"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2011.0313", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-26", "title": "The Role Of N2o Derived From Crop-Based Biofuels, And From Agriculture In General, In Earth'S Climate", "description": "<p>             In earlier work, we compared the amount of newly fixed nitrogen (N, as synthetic fertilizer and biologically fixed N) entering agricultural systems globally to the total emission of nitrous oxide (N             2             O). We obtained an N             2             O emission factor (EF) of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff935%, and applied it to biofuel production. For \uffe2\uff80\uff98first-generation\uffe2\uff80\uff99 biofuels, e.g. biodiesel from rapeseed and bioethanol from corn (maize), that require N fertilizer, N             2             O from biofuel production could cause (depending on N uptake efficiency) as much or more global warming as that avoided by replacement of fossil fuel by the biofuel. Our subsequent calculations in a follow-up paper, using published life cycle analysis (LCA) models, led to broadly similar conclusions. The N             2             O EF applies to agricultural crops in general, not just to biofuel crops, and has made possible a top-down estimate of global emissions from agriculture. Independent modelling by another group using bottom-up IPCC inventory methodology has shown good agreement at the global scale with our top-down estimate. Work by Davidson showed that the rate of accumulation of N             2             O in the atmosphere in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries was greater than that predicted from agricultural inputs limited to fertilizer N and biologically fixed N (Davidson, E. A. 2009             Nat. Geosci             .             2             , 659\uffe2\uff80\uff93662.). However, by also including soil organic N mineralized following land-use change and NO                            x                          deposited from the atmosphere in our estimates of the reactive N entering the agricultural cycle, we have now obtained a good fit between the observed atmospheric N             2             O concentrations from 1860 to 2000 and those calculated on the basis of a 4 per cent EF for the reactive N.           </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "330", "Climate", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Denitrification", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0313"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2011.0313", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2011.0313", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2011.0313"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-05", "title": "Soil Warming And Co2 Enrichment Induce Biomass Shifts In Alpine Tree Line Vegetation", "description": "Abstract<p>Responses of alpine tree line ecosystems to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming are poorly understood. We used an experiment at the Swiss tree line to investigate changes in vegetation biomass after 9\uffc2\uffa0years of free air CO2 enrichment (+200\uffc2\uffa0ppm; 2001\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) and 6\uffc2\uffa0years of soil warming (+4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C; 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932012). The study contained two key tree line species, Larix decidua and Pinus uncinata, both approximately 40\uffc2\uffa0years old, growing in heath vegetation dominated by dwarf shrubs. In 2012, we harvested and measured biomass of all trees (including root systems), above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground understorey vegetation and fine roots. Overall, soil warming had clearer effects on plant biomass than CO2 enrichment, and there were no interactive effects between treatments. Total plant biomass increased in warmed plots containing Pinus but not in those with Larix. This response was driven by changes in tree mass (+50%), which contributed an average of 84% (5.7\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) of total plant mass. Pinus coarse root mass was especially enhanced by warming (+100%), yielding an increased root mass fraction. Elevated CO2 led to an increased relative growth rate of Larix stem basal area but no change in the final biomass of either tree species. Total understorey above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground mass was not altered by soil warming or elevated CO2. However, Vaccinium myrtillus mass increased with both treatments, graminoid mass declined with warming, and forb and nonvascular plant (moss and lichen) mass decreased with both treatments. Fine roots showed a substantial reduction under soil warming (\uffe2\uff88\uff9240% for all roots &lt;2\uffc2\uffa0mm in diameter at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm soil depth) but no change with CO2 enrichment. Our findings suggest that enhanced overall productivity and shifts in biomass allocation will occur at the tree line, particularly with global warming. However, individual species and functional groups will respond differently to these environmental changes, with consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Models", " Statistical", "Temperature", "Larix", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Tundra", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-18", "title": "What Are the Limits to the Growth of Boreal Fires?", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Boreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record\uffe2\uff80\uff90breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops\uffe2\uff80\uff94defined as 300\uffe2\uff80\uff89m unburned pixels along fire perimeters\uffe2\uff80\uff94across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff890.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire\uffe2\uff80\uff90weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers\uffe2\uff80\uff94such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads\uffe2\uff80\uff94were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.</p", "keywords": ["Siberia", "Climate Change", "Taiga", "Remote Sensing Technology", "Life Science", "Weather", "Fires", "Research Article", "Wildfires"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thomas A. J. Janssen, Sander Veraverbeke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70130"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.70130"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-19", "title": "Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, And Forest Carbon In The Oregon Coast Range", "description": "Abstract<p>Forests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01699.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-20", "title": "Functional Complementarity Of Douglas-Fir Ectomycorrhizas For Extracellular Enzyme Activity After Wildfire Or Clearcut Logging", "description": "Summary<p> 1.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Clearcut logging results in major changes in ectomycorrhizal fungal communities, but whether this results in the loss of key functional traits, such as those associated with nutrient acquisition from soil organic matter, is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the importance of resource partitioning in structuring ectomycorrhizal fungal communities following disturbance because most research on these communities has focussed on life history strategies. By studying functional traits, such as activities of enzymes involved in the catabolism of organic macromolecules in soil, we can determine whether a physiological potential for resource partitioning exists in pioneer ectomycorrhizal communities and whether severe disturbance affects these important ecosystem services.</p><p> 2.\uffe2\uff80\uff82We used activities of key hydrolytic enzymes in the ectomycorrhizospheres of Douglas\uffe2\uff80\uff90fir seedlings regenerating at clearcut sites as a functional trait to test whether these differed from those at recent wildfire sites or control forests. We sampled the most abundant types of ectomycorrhizas from 16\uffe2\uff80\uff90month\uffe2\uff80\uff90old seedlings from sites exposed to (i) low or (ii) high severity wildfire, (iii) sites that had been clearcut logged in the same year as the fire and (iv) sites that contained control stands of mature Douglas\uffe2\uff80\uff90fir. We expected differences in activities among ectomycorrhizas sampled from different disturbance treatments and among those formed by different fungal species.</p><p> 3.\uffe2\uff80\uff82In spite of large differences in soil chemistry, activities of acid phosphomonoesterase, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acetylglucosaminidase and \uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase, when averaged among the ectomycorrhizas sampled per site, were not affected by disturbance agent. However, activities varied up to sixfold among mycorrhizospheres of different fungal species on the same seedling. Multivariate analysis also indicated some consistent differences in enzyme profiles among ectomycorrhizas formed by specific fungal species, independent of treatment.</p><p> 4.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The finding that ectomycorrhizal fungal communities exposed to different disturbance agents are functionally similar with respect to the activities of three mycorrhizosphere enzymes supports the conclusion that complementarity exists among ectomycorrhizal fungi. The substantial physiological diversity among ectomycorrhizal fungi at the scale of an individual seedling\uffe2\uff80\uff99s root tips, especially at control mature forests, indicates the potential for resource partitioning within the ectomycorrhizal community and access to a wider range of nutrient sources by each seedling.</p><p> 5.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Functional similarity among ectomycorrhizal fungal communities across a disturbance severity gradient suggests that dry interior Douglas\uffe2\uff80\uff90fir forests are resilient to severe disturbances such as high severity wildfire and clearcutting with forest floor removal. Moreover, our results suggest that current harvesting practices emulate natural disturbances with respect to site\uffe2\uff80\uff90level mycorrhizosphere enzyme activity. The large variation in activity among fungal species, however, indicates that a substantial simplification of the fungal community through other perturbations, as expected with climate change, has the potential to affect ecosystem function.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01699.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01699.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01699.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01699.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/njb.00936", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-20", "title": "Environmental factors and ground disturbance affecting the composition of species and functional traits of ground layer lichens on grey dunes and dune heaths of Estonia", "description": "<p>                     A unique, species\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich and endangered lichen biota can be found on European coastal and inland sand dunes. However, it is increasingly affected by natural succession as well as by anthropogenic disturbances. We studied lichen diversity on the grey dunes and dune heaths of coastal and inland regions of Estonia. A total of 28 study plots were investigated; in each 0.1 ha study plot general environmental variables and anthropogenic disturbances were described and all epigeic lichen species were identified. We found 66 lichenized fungus (lichen) species, including several rare and ten red\uffe2\uff80\uff90listed lichens. Multivariate analysis (DCA, CCA) was performed to examine gradients in species composition and to relate variation in species data to environmental factors. In addition, we used redundancy analysis (RDA) to relate variation in species\uffe2\uff80\uff99 trait composition to environmental factors. Species composition on grey dunes differed significantly from that on dune heaths. The characteristic species for grey dunes are, besides several                     Cladonia                     species, foliose lichens, e.g.                     Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcata                     and                     Peltigera                     spp. Also species\uffe2\uff80\uff99 traits composition was different for either habitat, indicating that sorediate lichens, foliose lichens, lichens with cyanobacterium as the main photobiont, and sparsely branched                     Cladonia                     species dominate on grey dunes, while esorediate, green\uffe2\uff80\uff90algal, crustose and richly branched fruticose lichens are common on dune heaths. Soil pH was the most essential environmental variable for determining both species composition and species\uffe2\uff80\uff99 traits composition. The composition of lichen species was also significantly influenced by forest closeness, soil Mg content and cover of bare sand; the effect of ground disturbances was low compared to the effect of these environmental factors. To protect and conserve the species\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich lichen biota, it is necessary to protect the dune habitats from building activity, to avoid overtrampling in recreation areas and to regularly remove shrubs and trees.                   </p", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/njb.00936/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00936"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nordic%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/njb.00936", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/njb.00936", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/njb.00936"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-31", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Nutrient Application And Crop Rotation On Soil Organic Matter Quality Assessed By Nmr Spectroscopy", "description": "Abstract<p>Crop and land management practices affect both the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) and hence are driving forces for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of tillage, fertilizer application and crop rotation onSOCin an agricultural area of southern Norway, where a soil fertility and crop rotation experiment was initiated in 1953 and a second experiment on tillage practices was initiated in 1983. The first experiment comprised 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr crop rotations with cereals only and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr cereal and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr grass rotations with recommended (base) and more than the recommended (above base) fertilizer application rates; the second experiment dealt with autumn\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed (conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till) plots and direct\uffe2\uff80\uff90drilled plots (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till). Soil samples at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depths were collected in autumn 2009 and analysed for their C and N contents. The quality ofSOMin the top layer was determined by13C solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90stateNMRspectroscopy. TheSOCstock did not differ significantly because of rotation or fertilizer application types, even after 56\uffc2\uffa0yr. However, the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed a significantly higherSOCstock than the conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm depth after the 26\uffc2\uffa0yr of experiment, but it was not significantly different at the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. In terms of quality,SOMwas found to differ by tillage type, rate of fertilizer application and crop rotation. The no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed an abundance of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C, while conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system indicated an apparently indirect enrichment in alkyl C, suggesting a more advanced stage ofSOMdecomposition. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term quantitative and qualitative effects onSOMsuggest that adopting a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system and including grass in crop rotation and farmyard manure in fertilizer application may contribute to preserve soil fertility and mitigate climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["Fertilizer application", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", " fertilizer application", " soil organic carbon (SOC)", " soil organic matter (SOM)", " tillage", " NMR spectroscopy.", "NMR spectroscopy", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02264-23", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-19", "title": "Novel endolithic bacteria of phylum             Chloroflexota             reveal a myriad of potential survival strategies in the Antarctic desert", "description": "ABSTRACT                                     <p>               The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are dominated by nutrient-poor mineral soil and rocky outcrops. The principal habitat for microorganisms is within rocks (endolithic). In this environment, microorganisms are provided with protection against sub-zero temperatures, rapid thermal fluctuations, extreme dryness, and ultraviolet and solar radiation. Endolithic communities include lichen, algae, fungi, and a diverse array of bacteria.               Chloroflexota               is among the most abundant bacterial phyla present in these communities. Among the               Chloroflexota               are four novel classes of bacteria, here named               Candidatus               Spiritibacteria class. nov. (=UBA5177),               Candidatus               Martimicrobia class. nov. (=UBA4733),               Candidatus               Tarhunnaeia class. nov. (=UBA6077), and               Candidatus               Uliximicrobia class. nov. (=UBA2235). We retrieved 17 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that represent these four classes. Based on genome predictions, all these bacteria are inferred to be aerobic heterotrophs that encode enzymes for the catabolism of diverse sugars. These and other organic substrates are likely derived from lichen, algae, and fungi, as metabolites (including photosynthate), cell wall components, and extracellular matrix components. The majority of MAGs encode the capacity for trace gas oxidation using high-affinity uptake hydrogenases, which could provide energy and metabolic water required for survival and persistence. Furthermore, some MAGs encode the capacity to couple the energy generated from H               2               and CO oxidation to support carbon fixation (atmospheric chemosynthesis). All encode mechanisms for the detoxification and efflux of heavy metals. Certain MAGs encode features that indicate possible interactions with other organisms, such as Tc-type toxin complexes, hemolysins, and macroglobulins.             </p>                            IMPORTANCE               <p>                 The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are the coldest and most hyperarid desert on Earth. It is, therefore, the closest analog to the surface of the planet Mars. Bacteria and other microorganisms survive by inhabiting airspaces within rocks (endolithic). We identify four novel classes of phylum                 Chloroflexota                 , and, based on interrogation of 17 metagenome-assembled genomes, we predict specific metabolic and physiological adaptations that facilitate the survival of these bacteria in this harsh environment\uffe2\uff80\uff94including oxidation of trace gases and the utilization of nutrients (including sugars) derived from lichen, algae, and fungi. We propose that such adaptations allow these endolithic bacteria to eke out an existence in this cold and extremely dry habitat.               </p>", "keywords": ["570", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Antarctic Regions", "Chloroflexi", "15. Life on land", "Survival strategies", "Cold Temperature", "Extremophiles", "13. Climate action", "Antarctica", "Endolithic communities", "Metagenomics", "14. Life underwater", "Sugars", "Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02264-23"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02264-23", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02264-23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02264-23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/cmr.00196-24", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-07-08", "title": "Schistosomiasis: cercarial finding and recognizing of human hosts as a prerequisite of invasion", "description": "SUMMARY           <p>             Schistosomiasis occurs in 80 primarily tropical and subtropical countries. It is transmitted to humans and animals by             Schistosoma             cercariae during freshwater contact. Parasite stages adapt and switch between molluscs, water, and mammals, where worms sustain parasitism. We reviewed research on larvae encountering humans published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until May 2024. Larvae perform intermittent active/tail-first and passive/body-first swimming with arc-like re-encountering upon host approaches. Skin contacts occur spontaneously or through stimulants.             Schistosoma mansoni             , expressing chemokinesis, lingers in upper-middle warm clear water.             Schistosoma haematobium             , showing negative photo-orientation, remains in upper-lower, cooler, clear-muddy freshwater.             Schistosoma japonicum             stays stimuli-wise non-responsive in shallow muddy habitats. Attachment triggers of             S. mansoni             and             S. haematobium             are amino acids and temperature, respectively.             S. japonicum             adheres at random. Temperature gradient, ceramides, and acylglycerols stimulate the epidermal remaining of             S. mansoni             ; solid hydrophobic surfaces trigger             S. haematobium             and             S. japonicum             . Temperatures of \uffe2\uff89\uffa536\uffc2\uffb0C, \uffe2\uff89\uffa540\uffc2\uffb0C, and 37\uffc2\uffb0C guide             S. mansoni             ,             S. haematobium             , and             S. japonicum             creeping for entering. Permeation aligns with schistosomula transformation by glycocalyx removal, heptalaminate membrane conversion, and tail stripping off and advances mechanically and enzymatically through acetabular glands. Skin and bloodstream navigation follows increasing L-arginine and D-glucose and parasite adjustment ventral-wards. Head gland enzymes facilitate epidermal-dermal transitioning for cutaneous exiting and vasculature accessing. Skin responds with anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory edematous infiltrations.             Schistosoma             reacts by evasion through hormones, neurotransmitters, enzymes, and specialized proteins, among others. The findings, building largely on             in vitro             experiments, aim to facilitate the development of field-suitable prevention and control measures in support of the World Health Organization 2021\uffe2\uff80\uff932030 Roadmap on Neglected Tropical Diseases.           </p", "keywords": ["Review"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ursula Panzner, J\u00fcrg Utzinger, Jennifer Keiser,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00196-24"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Clinical%20Microbiology%20Reviews", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/cmr.00196-24", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/cmr.00196-24", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/cmr.00196-24"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-09-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x26-023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-17", "title": "Ecosystem Nutrient Responses To Chronic Nitrogen Inputs At Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia", "description": "<p> Among the current environmental concerns for forests of the eastern United States is nitrogen (N) saturation, a result of excessive inputs of N associated with acidic deposition. We studied nutrient responses on N-treated and untreated watersheds of the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia, to test for evidence of N saturation on the treated watershed. The watersheds were WS7 (23-year-old even-aged control), WS4 (mature mixed-aged control), and WS3 (23-year-old even-aged treatment). WS3 has received aerial applications of (NH4)2SO4 from 1989 to the present (a total of 4 years for the study period) at 3\uffe2\uff80\uff82\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff82ambient inputs of N and S (54 and 61\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively). Base-flow stream samples were collected weekly from each watershed and analyzed for NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 and Ca2+. Mineral soil was incubated in situ, placed in bags, and buried about every 30 days during the growing season in each of seven sample plots within each watershed. Moist samples of soil from the bags were analyzed for extractable NH4+ and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92. In addition, forest floor material and leaves of an herbaceous species (Violarotundifolia Michx.) from each plot were analyzed for N and other nutrients. Violarotundifolia was present on all 21 plots and used as an additional indicator of N availability and soil fertility. Foliage tissue was sampled from overstory tree species (Liriodendrontulipifera L., Prunusserotina Ehrh., Betulalenta L., and Acerrubrum L.) from WS3 and WS7 and analyzed for nutrient content. Results from the 1993 growing season showed few, if any, differences among watersheds for (1) N content and C/N ratio of the mineral soil and forest floor and (2) relative proportion of NH4+ and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 produced in the buried bags. Nitrification rates were equally high in soils of all watersheds; N concentrations were significantly higher in foliage tissue of overstory tree species and of V. rotundifolia in the treatment versus control watersheds; plant tissue Ca was significantly lower for the treatment watershed than for the control watersheds. Our results support the conclusions of earlier studies that high amounts of ambient N deposition have brought about N saturation on untreated watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest. This is suggested by minimal differences among watersheds in N mineralization and nitrification and soil and forest floor N. However, aggravated N saturation on our treated watershed can be seen in differences in plant tissue nutrients among watersheds and streamflow data, indicating increased losses of NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 with accompanying losses of Ca2+ in response to further N additions to a N-saturated system. </p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x26-023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x26-023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x26-023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x26-023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x08-045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-27", "title": "Impact Of A Pine Lappet (Dendrolimus Pini) Mass Outbreak On C And N Fluxes To The Forest Floor And Soil Microbial Properties In A Scots Pine Forest In Germany", "description": "<p>Herbivorous insect infestations significantly alter element and nutrient cycling in forests, thus directly and indirectly affecting ecosystem functioning. In this paper, we report on the herbivore-mediated transfer of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from the canopy to the forest floor and its influence on soil microbial activity during a pine lappet ( Dendrolimus pini L.) infestation. Over the course of 6\uffc2\uffa0months, we followed C and N fluxes in bulk deposition, throughfall, and green fall (green needle debris dropped during herbivory) together with solid frass (insect faeces) in an 80-year-old Scots pine ( Pinus silvestris L.) forest. Compared with the control, herbivore defoliation significantly doubled throughfall inputs of total and dissolved organic C and N over the study period. Frass plus green-fall C and N fluxes peaked in June\uffe2\uff80\uff93July at 110\uffc2\uffa0kg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931and 2.3\uffc2\uffa0kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931, respectively. Randomized intervention analysis revealed no significant effects of herbivory on soil microbial properties, except for adenylate energy charge, which showed slightly higher values under herbivory. This study demonstrates the importance of canopy herbivory on overall C and N inputs to forest ecosystems, particularly in altering the timing and quality of the organic material reaching the forest floor and potentially affecting belowground processes.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "le Mellec, Anne, Michalzik, Beate,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x08-045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x08-045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x08-045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x08-045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x93-128", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-20", "title": "Effects Of Selected Forest Management-Practices On Environmental Parameters Related To Successional Development On The Tanana River Floodplain, Interior Alaska", "description": "<p> Two mature floodplain white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) ecosystems (stage VIII) located on islands in the Tanana River, approximately 20\uffe2\uff80\uff82km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, were clear-cut during the winter of 1985\uffe2\uff80\uff931986 to quantify the effects of clear-cutting on selected environmental characteristics. Clearings in earlier successional stages (poplar\uffe2\uff80\uff93alder (Populus\uffe2\uff80\uff93Alnus), stage V; and open willow (Salix), stage III) were used to contrast the environmental parameters with the earlier stages found in the primary successional sequence. After clear-cutting, total radiation at the soil surface increased to early successional stage III levels. Potential evaporation from the soil surface increased 5-fold as a result of clearing in the stage VIII sites and was substantially greater than that found in the stage III sites by other researchers. Clearing had relatively little effect on air temperature. The concentration of P and K was significantly lower in the forest floor of both clearcuts, and the concentration of C was significantly higher at VIII-A-T (stage VIII\uffe2\uff80\uff93site A\uffe2\uff80\uff93treated (cleared) plot) when compared with the control stands. There was a decrease in total forest floor biomass at both clear-cut plots. Organic matter, total N, available NH4 and P, and extractable Mg and K all decreased after cutting, whereas pH increased. Decomposition of spruce foliage on the forest floor surface was slower in the clearcuts. Nitrogen immobilization occurred during the first 2 years of decomposition. During the third year it appeared that some mineralization was beginning to occur but the levels were very low, averaging only 3\uffe2\uff80\uff82mg N per bag in the clear-cut areas. Plant growth analysis indicated that growth was limited by high mineral soil salt content in the early successional stages (III) and that this limitation was species specific. Balsam poplar (Populusbalsamifera L.) appears to be more tolerant of the high cation content of the stage III sites compared with trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.). By the time successional development has progressed to stage V, the soil has been sufficiently augmented by the inclusion of organic matter from the developing vegetation and the fixation of N by alder to result in higher seedling growth rates in the cleared areas. </p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "John Yarie", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x93-128"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x93-128", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x93-128", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x93-128"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.11591/.v3i4.4696", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-04", "title": "Factors associated with Institutional delivery in Boricha district of Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>&lt;p style='color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'&gt;Every year, 40 million women give birth at home without the help of a&lt;br /&gt;skilled birth attendant. In 2011, 287,000 women died during pregnancy or childbirth. Almost all these deaths occur in developing countries where mothers and children lack access to basic health care. Reports showed the low utilization of health facility for delivery service in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the utilization and factors influencing institutional delivery. Community based cross sectional study was conducted from January to February 2013/14 in Boricha District of Southern Ethiopia among mothers who gave birth in the last 1 year. Multistage sampling techniques were used to collect data from 546 mothers. Taking in to account place of birth for the last child, only 4.9% women gave birth in a health facility. Women\u2019s education level (AOR=4.4 (95% CI=1.36-14.33)), timing of firstANC visit (AOR= .03 (95% CI=0.004 - 0.205)), women\u2019s advice to deliver in a health facility during ANC (AOR = 31.15 (95% CI=2.02-479.52)), women\u2019s knowledge of birth related complications (AOR= 12.4 (95% CI=2.67-57.16)) and decision making power (AOR=0.2 (95% CI=0.060.82)) showed significant association with institutionional delivery. Institutional delivery in the study area was found to be very low. Raising\u00a0awareness on institutional delivery to maximize delivery service utilization and strengthening provision of education and counseling to deliver in health facility during antenatal care visits at individual and community level should be given due emphasis.&lt;/p&gt;</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "1. No poverty", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.11591/.v3i4.4696"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Public%20Health%20Science%20%28IJPHS%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.11591/.v3i4.4696", "name": "item", "description": "10.11591/.v3i4.4696", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.11591/.v3i4.4696"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15154/10ce-r351", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:18Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-10-03", "title": "Engineering of organoid-based brain circuits", "description": "The human induced pluripotent stem cell hiPSC technology promises major advances in disease modeling and personalized medicine. Using hiPSCs, organoid systems have been generated in recent years that resemble the identity of several brain regions, including cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum and spinal cord. Major shortfalls of these models are the lack of a reproducible topography of the cell types and tissue architecture that are generated, and the failure to recapitulate the full range of cellular and molecular diversity that characterizes in vivo systems. Thus, our goal is to generate a more accurate and reproducible model for formation of human brain regions and their interactions in vitro. During early development, gradients of diffusible morphogens program cellular identity along the major dimensions of the vertebrate body, the antero-posterior A-P and dorso-ventral D-V axes, conveying positional information by inducing specific genetic programs. Recreating these morphogen gradients in vitro promises to increase the diversity of the organoids cellular repertoire and its reproducibility. We focus on two signaling cues, WNT and Sonic Hedgehog SHH, which, respectively, caudalize and ventralize the early neural tube in mammals. Nave neural organoids tend to generate dorsal forebrain if not exposed to any patterning signals, and indeed cerebral cortical CTX fate is the default identity for the nervous tissue. In Aim1, we will use specially designed mesofluidic chambers to create stable concentration gradients of the posteriorizing morphogen WNT to generate organoid identities along the A-P axis cortex-diencephalon-mesencephalon-brainstem from 10 biologically different hiPSC lines. In parallel, we will test that hiPSC exposed to a concentration gradient of SHH will generate organoids identities along the D-V axis hypothalamus- caudal- lateral-medial ganglionic eminences-cortex. Regional and cellular fates will be assessed by immunocytochemistry ICC, single cell RNASeq and DBiT-seq, a novel spatial in situ transcriptomics approach. We will then test whether morphogen-induced initial specification achieved through the methodology proposed here will result in accurate and reproducible connections by developing multi-organoid aggregates i.e., assembloids. In Aim 2, we will assemble region-specific organoids to form components of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit. By labeling neurons with specific reporters, we will examine their projections to the adjacent regions and will test the functional activity and synaptic development of those projections using optogenetics. Generation of a series of differentially induced regions in close spatial proximity is important to allow subsequent migration and appropriate wiring of the CNS. Our approach promises to deliver a new system for modeling neuronal fate and circuitry development in humans and testing its functionality on the cellular, molecular and genomic level.", "contacts": [{"organization": "Vaccarino, Flora", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15154/10ce-r351"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15154/10ce-r351", "name": "item", "description": "10.15154/10ce-r351", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15154/10ce-r351"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/SVDTOU", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:21Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Statistiques spatio-temporelles sur les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s agronomiques des sols agricoles en France issues de la Base de Donn\u00e9es d'Analyses de Terre (BDAT)", "description": "In France, farmers commission about 250,000 soil-testing analyses per year to assist them managing soil fertility. The number and diversity of origin of the samples make these analyses an interesting and original information source regarding cultivated topsoil variability. Moreover, these analyses relate to several parameters strongly influenced by human activity (macronutrient contents, pH...), for which existing cartographic information is not very relevant. Compiling the results of these analyses into a database makes it possible to re-use these data within both a national and temporal framework. A database compilation relating to data collected over the period 1990-2014 has been recently achieved. So far, commercial soil-testing laboratories approved by the Ministry of Agriculture have provided analytical results from more than 3,600,000 samples. After the initial quality control stage, analytical results from more than 1,900,000 samples were available in the database. The anonymity of the landholders seeking soil analyses is perfectly preserved, as the only identifying information stored is the location of the nearest administrative city to the sample site. We present in this dataset a set of statistical parameters of the spatial distributions for several agronomic soil properties. These statistical parameters are calculated for 4 different nested spatial entities (administrative areas: e.g. regions, departments, counties and agricultural areas) and for 5 time periods (1990-1994, 1995-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014). Two kinds of agronomic soil properties are available: the first one correspond to the quantitative variables like the organic carbon content, and the second one corresponds to the qualitative variables like the texture class. For each spatial unit and temporal period, we calculated the following statistics sets: the first set is calculated for the quantitative variables and corresponds to the number of samples, the mean, the standard deviation and, the 2-,4-,10-quantiles; the second set is calculated for the qualitative variables and corresponds to the number of samples, the value of the dominant class, the number of samples of the dominant class, the second dominant class, the number of samples of the second dominant class.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth and Environmental Science", "Soils and soil sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "soil texture", "15. Life on land", "soil analysis", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas P.A., Lemercier, Blandine, Arrouays, Dominique, Walter, Christian, Gouny, Laetitia, Swidersky, Chlo\u00e9, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Bispo, Antonio,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/SVDTOU"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/SVDTOU", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/SVDTOU", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/SVDTOU"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-11", "title": "Atributos F\u00edsicos, Qu\u00edmicos E Biol\u00f3gicos De Solo De Cerrado Sob Diferentes Sistemas De Uso E Manejo", "description": "<p>\uffc3\uff80 medida que o conhecimento do sistema plantio direto se amplia, verifica-se que o uso de indicadores qu\uffc3\uffadmicos isolados n\uffc3\uffa3o permite melhor caracteriza\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos solos, sendo necess\uffc3\uffa1rio utilizar um conjunto de indicadores da qualidade do solo com a entrada de outros atributos, entre eles os f\uffc3\uffadsicos e os biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de sistemas de manejo e uso do solo nos atributos f\uffc3\uffadsicos, qu\uffc3\uffadmicos e biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos de um Latossolo Vermelho distr\uffc3\uffb3fico e um Neossolo Quartzar\uffc3\uffaanico \uffc3\uffb3rtico sob Cerrado, no entorno do Parque Nacional das Emas. Os aspectos avaliados no Latossolo foram: Cerrado nativo, pastagem, milheto em preparo convencional, nabo forrageiro em plantio direto e sorgo em plantio direto. No Neossolo: Cerrado nativo, pastagem nativa, integra\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o agricultura-pecu\uffc3\uffa1ria, pastagem cultivada, plantio direto com soja no ver\uffc3\uffa3o e plantio direto com milho no ver\uffc3\uffa3o. As amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0 a 10 cm. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco parcelas de 150 m\uffc2\uffb2, sendo coletadas 10 subamostras aleat\uffc3\uffb3rias. As an\uffc3\uffa1lises qu\uffc3\uffadmicas, f\uffc3\uffadsicas e biol\uffc3\uffb3gicas foram realizadas no Laborat\uffc3\uffb3rio de Solos da UFG/CJ. Os manejos promoveram altera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es na densidade do solo, volume total de poros, macroporos e resist\uffc3\uffaancia do solo \uffc3\uffa0 penetra\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o no Neossolo e no Latossolo, excetuando-se neste o volume total de poros. Houve pequena varia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nos atributos qu\uffc3\uffadmicos nos dois solos, com o Cerrado apresentando maior acidez potencial e menor teor de c\uffc3\uffa1tions troc\uffc3\uffa1veis e P. Os atributos biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos do solo foram alterados pelos sistemas de manejo, sendo mais prejudicados em sistemas com maior revolvimento do solo. A an\uffc3\uffa1lise can\uffc3\uffb4nica dos dados demonstrou que os atributos f\uffc3\uffadsicos foram os de menor import\uffc3\uffa2ncia por apresentar maior coeficiente de pondera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nas vari\uffc3\uffa1veis can\uffc3\uffb4nicas. Os atributos do solo, isoladamente, pouco contribu\uffc3\uffadram para a avalia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da qualidade do solo: no entanto, quando se usou a an\uffc3\uffa1lise multivariada, subsidiaram a constata\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos manejos do solo mais sustent\uffc3\uffa1veis.</p>", "keywords": ["C fra\u00e7\u00e3o leve", "multivariate analysis", "an\u00e1lise multivariada", "plantio direto", "light carbon fraction", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil quality", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/329904", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:22:02Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Soil organic matter origin, dynamic and fate : A state-of-the-art research addressing Mediterranean agroecosystems main threats", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "contacts": [{"organization": "M\u00e1rquez San Emeterio, Layla", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/329904"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/329904", "name": "item", "description": "10261/329904", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/329904"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.18174/509232", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:32Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2020-03-16", "title": "Novel soil quality indicators for the evaluation of agricultural management practices: a biological perspective", "description": "Developments in soil biology and methods to characterize soil organic carbon have the potential to deliver novel soil quality indicators that can help to identify soil management practices that sustain soil productivity and environmental resilience. This thesis aimed at investigating the suitability of a range of soil biological and biochemical parameters as novel soil quality indicators for agricultural management. The soil parameters, selected through a literature review, comprised different labile organic carbon fractions (hydrophilic dissolved organic carbon (Hy-DOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), hot water extractable carbon (HWEC) and particulate organic matter carbon (POMC), ordered here from the smallest to the largest proportion of the total organic carbon), soil disease suppressiveness measured with a Pythium-Cress bioassay, nematode communities characterized with amplicon sequencing and qPCR, and microbial community level physiological profiling (CLPP) measured with MicroRespTM. We tested the sensitivity of the novel indicators to tillage and organic matter addition in 10 European long-term field experiments, and assessed their relationship with already existing soil quality indicators linked to soil functioning. Lastly, the results of these experimental chapters are interpreted relative to each other and to the broader body of literature on soil quality assessments. Moreover, pros and cons of the novel indicators are discussed, and possibilities and needs for future research are outlined. Reduced tillage increased carbon availability, disease suppressiveness, nematode richness and diversity, the stability and maturity of the food web, and microbial activity and functional diversity. Organic matter addition had a weaker role in sustaining soil quality, possibly due to the different compositions of the organic matter inputs in the long-term field experiments that were sampled. Random forest analysis showed that POXC was the indicator that discriminates soil management most, and structural equation modelling showed its central role in nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, erosion control and disease regulation/suppression. The novel indicators proposed here have great potential to improve existing soil quality assessment schemes, but their usefulness is still to be validated and optimized.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Life Science", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bongiorno, Giulia", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.18174/509232"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.18174/509232", "name": "item", "description": "10.18174/509232", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.18174/509232"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1894/mh-34.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-03", "title": "Influence Of Rainfall, Type Of Range, And Brush Management On Abundance Of Northern Bobwhites (Colinus Virginianus) In Southern Texas", "description": "Assessing numerical response of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) to habitat improvement in semi-arid rangeland often is confounded by responses of populations to highly variable patterns of rainfall. During 2 years of above-average rainfall, we investigated abundance of northern bobwhites relative to type of range and treatments to reduce brush on seven ranches in southern Texas. We expected response of populations to treatment of land to be more evident when northern bobwhites were released from constraints of low precipitation. However, main factors dominating abundance were rainfall during the previous growing season and type of range. Greatest numbers of calls were in mid- productivity rangeland (potential production of forage 2,000-3,900 kg/ha), especially sandy loam, clay loam, sandy, and gravelly ridge. Treatments to reduce brush increased abundance of northern bobwhites to a limited extent and were most effective when large blocks of land were treated. Techniques that kill brush (root-plowing) were more successful in increasing populations than top- removal methods (roller-chopping). Leaving strips or mottes (large clumps of living brush and trees) in cleared areas did not enhance populations, although we caution that retaining some brush cover may be important to survival of northern bobwhites in drier years and in situations where herbaceous cover is less abundant. RESUMEN\u2014Determinar la respuesta numerica de codornices nortenas (Colinus virginianus )at ecnicas para mejorar el habitat en pastizales semiaridos es confundido por las respuestas poblacionales a patrones altamente variables de precipitacion. Durante dos anos de precipitacion ma alta que la media, investigamos la abundancia de codornices con respecto al tipo de pastizal y tratamientos para reducir arbustos en siete ranchos en el sur de Texas. Esperamos la respuesta de la poblacion al tratamiento de la tierra ser mas evidente cuando las codornices fueron liberadas de los apremios de baja precipitacion. Sin embargo, los factores mas dominantes para determinar la abundancia fueron la precipitacion durante la estacion de crecimiento anterior y el tipo de pastizal. Mas silbidos fueron registrados en los pastizales de productividad mediana (produccion de forraje potencial de 2.000-3.900 kg/ha), especialmente en pastizales con suelos marga-arenosos, marga-arcillosos, arenosos, y pastizales en bordes pedregosos. Tratamientos para reducir arbustos aumentaron la abundancia de codornices a un grado limitado y fueron mas eficaces cuando terrenos grandes fueron tratados. Los tratamientos de remocion de arbustos (remocion de rao \u00b4ces) fueron mas exitosos para incrementar la poblacion que los metodos de remocion superior (la eliminacion de biomasa aerea). Dejando bandas o grandes grupos de arbustos y arboles en areas despejadas no mejorolas poblaciones, aunque consideramos importante indicar que retener alguna cobertura arbustiva podro \u00b4a ser importante para la supervivencia de codornices en anos mas secos y en situaciones donde la cobertura herbacea es menor.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Susan M. Cooper, James C. Cathey, D. Lang Alford, Shane S. Sieckenius,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1894/mh-34.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Southwestern%20Naturalist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1894/mh-34.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1894/mh-34.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1894/mh-34.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 36140, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-08-25T19:03:18.631219Z"}