{"type": "FeatureCollection", "facets": {"type": {"type": "terms", "property": "type", "buckets": [{"value": "Journal Article", "count": 24}]}, "soil_chemical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_chemical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "ammonia", "count": 1}, {"value": "nitrate", "count": 1}]}, "soil_biological_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_biological_properties", "buckets": []}, "soil_physical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_physical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "water", "count": 3}]}, "soil_classification": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_classification", "buckets": []}, "soil_functions": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_functions", "buckets": [{"value": "water purification", "count": 24}, {"value": "food security", "count": 2}, {"value": "decomposition", "count": 1}]}, "soil_threats": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_threats", "buckets": [{"value": "antibiotics", "count": 1}]}, "soil_processes": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_processes", "buckets": []}, "soil_management": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_management", "buckets": []}, "ecosystem_services": {"type": "terms", "property": "ecosystem_services", "buckets": []}}, "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-24", "title": "Distribution Of Metals In The Edible Plants Grown At Jajmau, Kanpur (India) Receiving Treated Tannery Wastewater: Relation With Physico-Chemical Properties Of The Soil", "description": "The implications of metal contamination of agricultural soils due to long term irrigation with treated industrial wastewater and their subsequent accumulation in the vegetables/crops growing on such soils has been assessed in an area of industrial complex, Jajmau, Kanpur (India). Physico-chemical properties of the soil were also studied. The soil and vegetables/crops were sampled from an area of 2100 acre agricultural land and analyzed for physico-chemical properties and metal accumulation in different parts of the plants. The comparison of the data of physico-chemical properties of control and contaminated soil showed that salinity, electrical conductivity, available phosphorous, sodium and potassium content (both water soluble and exchangeable) were found high in contaminated soil. The analysis of plant available metal content in the soil showed the highest level of Fe, which ranged from 529.02 to 2615 microg g(-1) dw and lowest level of Ni (3.12 to 10.51 microg g(-1) dw). The analysis of the results revealed that accumulation of toxic metal Cr in leafy vegetables was found more than fruit bearing vegetables/crops. Thus, it is recommended that the leafy vegetables are unsuitable to grow in such contaminated sites. It is important to note that toxic metal, Ni was not detected in all the plants. The edible part of the vegetables (under ground) such as, garlic (19.27 microg g(-1) dw), potato (11.81 microg g(-1) dw) and turmeric (20.86 microg g(-1) dw) has accumulated lowest level of toxic metal, Cr than leafy and fruit bearing vegetables. In some fruit part of vegetables such as, bitter gourd, egg plant, jack tree, maize and okra, the accumulation of Cr was not detected and may be grown in this area.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "India", "Industrial Waste", "Tanning", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plants", " Edible", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K. Bhatt, Sarita Sinha, Kunwar P. Singh, Kavita Pandey, Amit K. Gupta, U. N. Rai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-02", "title": "Heterogeneous photocatalysis using UVA-LEDs for the removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria from urban wastewater treatment plant effluents", "description": "Secondary urban wastewater samples were spiked with azithromycin (AZT), trimethoprim (TMP), ofloxacin (OFL) and
sulfamethoxazole (SMX) at 100 \u03bcg L\u22121 to investigate the efficiency of a TiO2-photocatalytic treatment using UVA-LEDs.
Different operating parameters were studied, such as the irradiation conditions, catalyst load and the use of methanol as
carrier solvent and radical scavenger. The most efficient conditions to treat spiked urban wastewater (4 LEDs symmetrically
distributed and 1.00 g L\u22121 of catalyst) were also assessed on the removal of the antibiotics at real concentrations,
as well as on the inactivation and regrowth of bacteria after 3-day storage (total and resistant heterotrophs,
Escherichia coli and enterococci). Clindamycin (CLI) was targeted when SMX was not detected. One-hour treatment was
enough to reduce the analysed antibiotics to values below the detection limits and to decrease the bacterial load by 2
log-units. Bacterial regrowth was observed for total heterotrophs, after the storage of photocatalytic treated wastewater,
to values close to pre-treatment. However, the antibiotic resistance percentage of such stored wastewater was always
similar or lower than that of secondary urban wastewater. Thus, the potential of this process as part of the tertiary
treatment is demonstrated, but conditions must be adjusted to minimize microbial regrowth.", "keywords": ["TiO2-P25", "Micropollutant", "Light emitting diodes (LEDs)", "Bacterial regrowth", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "TiO-P25", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Disinfection", "Antibiotic resistant bacteria", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128102", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-12", "title": "Effect of high hydrostatic pressure-assisted pectinase modification on the Pb2+ adsorption capacity of pectin isolated from sweet potato residue", "description": "Novel pectin derived from sweet potato residue was modified by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-assisted pectinase and then used for Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions. The removal characteristics and mechanisms were also investigated. Results showed that modified sweet potato pectin exhibited greater adsorption performances for Pb2+ than that of natural ones, and showed excellent eco-friendly properties and good potential for adsorption of some other heavy metals (such as Cu2+). The adsorption curves were much more conformed to Langmuir model, and the highest capacity for Pb2+ adsorption was 263.15\u00a0mg/g with 1.00% pectin at pH 7. Chemical adsorption process of pectin for Pb2+ absorption involved O-containing functional groups (O-H, COO-), cation exchange, and along with electrostatic interactions. Overall, the results in this study indicated that sweet potato pectin modified with HHP-assisted pectinase had the potential to become an environmentally friendly coagulant-flocculant agent for the heavy metal adsorption, especially for Pb2+.", "keywords": ["02 engineering and technology", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Wastewater", "01 natural sciences", "Water Purification", "Kinetics", "Polygalacturonase", "Lead", "Hydrostatic Pressure", "Pectins", "Adsorption", "Ipomoea batatas", "0210 nano-technology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mudugamuwa Arachchige, Melani Purnika, Mu, Taihua, Ma, Mengmei,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128102"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128102", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128102", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128102"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-06", "title": "Antibiotic resistance in wastewater treatment plants: Tackling the black box", "description": "Wastewater is among the most important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance in urban environments. The abundance of carbon sources and other nutrients, a variety of possible electron acceptors such as oxygen or nitrate, the presence of particles onto which bacteria can adsorb, or a fairly stable pH and temperature are examples of conditions favouring the remarkable diversity of microorganisms in this peculiar habitat. The wastewater microbiome brings together bacteria of environmental, human and animal origins, many harbouring antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Although numerous factors contribute, mostly in a complex interplay, for shaping this microbiome, the effect of specific potential selective pressures such as antimicrobial residues or metals, is supposedly determinant to dictate the fate of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs during wastewater treatment. This paper aims to enrich the discussion on the ecology of ARB&ARGs in urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs), intending to serve as a guide for wastewater engineers or other professionals, who may be interested in studying or optimizing the wastewater treatment for the removal of ARB&ARGs. Fitting this aim, the paper overviews and discusses: i) aspects of the complexity of the wastewater system and/or treatment that may affect the fate of ARB&ARGs; ii) methods that can be used to explore the resistome, meaning the whole ARB&ARGs, in wastewater habitats; and iii) some frequently asked questions for which are proposed addressing modes. The paper aims at contributing to explore how ARB&ARGs behave in UWTPs having in mind that each plant is a unique system that will probably need a specific procedure to maximize ARB&ARGs removal.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "SWOT analysis", "Wastewater", "15. Life on land", "Wastewater treatment optimization", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Anti-Infective Agents", "13. Climate action", "Drug Resistance", " Bacterial", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "Humans", "Antibiotic resistance monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.044", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121325", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-22", "title": "Extracellular DNA includes an important fraction of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes in treated wastewaters", "description": "Wastewater treatment plants are among the main hotspots for the release of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into the environment. ARGs in treated wastewater can be found in the intracellular DNA (iDNA) and in the extracellular DNA (eDNA). In this study, we investigated the fate and the distribution (either in eDNA or in iDNA) of ARGs in the treated wastewaters pre and post-disinfection by shotgun metagenomics. The richness of the intracellular resistome was found to be higher than the extracellular one. However, the latter included different high risk ARGs. About 11% of the recovered metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from the extracted DNA was positive for at least one ARG and, among them, several were positive for more ARGs. The high-risk ARG bacA was the most frequently detected gene among the MAGs. The disinfection demonstrated to be an important driver of the composition of the antibiotic resistomes. Our results demonstrated that eDNA represents an important fraction of the overall ARGs, including a number of high-risk ARGs, which reach the environment with treated wastewater effluents. The studied disinfections only marginally affect the whole antibiotic resistome but cause important shifts from intracellular to extracellular DNA, potentially threating human health.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "DNA", "Wastewater", "Antimicrobial resistance", "6. Clean water", "MAG", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Disinfection", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Extracellular DNA", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Humans", "Metagenomics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121325"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121325", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121325", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121325"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121909", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-18", "title": "Pyrolysed waste materials show potential for remediation of trichloroethylene-contaminated water", "description": "Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an Environmental Protection Agency priority pollutant associated with cancer in humans. With numerous industrial applications and regular landfill disposal, TCE is a common landfill leachate pollutant. In situ treatment barriers use costly fill materials such as granular activated carbon (GAC). Here, we show that while a range of untreated waste materials had little ability to adsorb TCE, waste-derived biochar showed excellent capacity for TCE adsorption. TCE removal efficiencies by spruce and oak-derived biochars were > 99.5 %, outperforming GAC (95 %) and herbal pomace biochar (93 %). A contact time of at least 32 h was required to reach equilibrium for all of these media. Assessment of pollution swapping potential revealed release of phosphate by all biochars. Analysis of media surface characteristics by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) predicted that GAC should have the highest ability to adsorb TCE, followed by Oak Biochar, Herbal Pomace Biochar 1, and Spruce Biochar 2, which was not in agreement with the experimental adsorption data. These data demonstrate the potential for pyrolysed waste material to be used as an alternative fill material for in situ remediation applications, thereby also addressing the European Circular Economy Strategy.", "keywords": ["Waste Products", "circular economy", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Trichloroethylene", "3. Good health", "12. Responsible consumption", "Quercus", "Waste Disposal Facilities", "kinetic study", "adsorption", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "biochar", "Adsorption", "Picea", "Pyrolysis", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121909"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121909", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121909", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121909"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-24", "title": "Crustacean derived calcium phosphate systems: Application in defluoridation of drinking water in East African rift valley", "description": "Calcium phosphate adsorbents, derived from prawns and crabs shell biomass wastes have been developed using wet chemistry and low temperature treatment. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch adsorption test were carried out to investigate their effectiveness in adsorption of fluoride from ground and surface waters. Adsorption capacities were compared with bone char and synthetic hydroxyapatite (CCHA). Results indicate that prawns derived adsorbent (PHA) formed hexagonal structure with phases identifiable with hydroxyapatite while crabs based adsorbent (CHA) formed predominantly monoclinic structure with crystalline phase characteristic of brushite. Vibrational analysis and kinetic studies predicted defluoridation occurred mainly by ion exchange and ion adsorption mechanisms. Defluoridation capacity of the adsorbents was found to be superior compared to bone char and CCHA. CHA was the most effective with efficiencies above 92% and highest capacity of 13.6\u202fmg/g in field water with fluoride concentration of 5-70\u202fmg/L. PHA had highest capacity of 8.5\u202fmg/g which was still better than 2.6\u202fmg/g recorded by CCHA and bone char. Adsorption was best described by pseudo 2nd order kinetics. The findings indicate that crustacean derived calcium phosphate systems have better potential for defluoridation than traditional bone char and synthetic systems.", "keywords": ["Calcium Phosphates", "Waste Products", "2. Zero hunger", "Brachyura", "Drinking Water", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Crabs", "Prawns", "02 engineering and technology", "Tanzania", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Fluorides", "Penaeidae", "Animal Shells", "Animals", "Adsorption", "0210 nano-technology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.049", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122321", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-15", "title": "UV photolysis as an efficient pretreatment method for antibiotics decomposition and their antibacterial activity elimination", "description": "The biological treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater is a mainstream process, but the antibacterial activity from the persistence of antibiotics would inhibit the biological activity and function of wastewater treatment plants and lead to the risk of transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes. In this study, UV photolysis was selected as an appropriate pretreatment technology for antibiotic-containing wastewater. It could decompose many kinds of antibiotics and was not inhibited by the coexisting organics in wastewater. The antibacterial activities of five kinds of antibiotics, which were eliminated with UV irradiation, exhibited a significantly positive correlation with their parent compound concentrations. The photodecomposition of the main functional groups in antibiotics contributed to the elimination of antibacterial activity. Defluorination was the main pathway to eliminate the antibacterial activity of antibiotics containing a fluorine substituent (e.g., florfenicol and ofloxacin), while the photoinduced opening of the \u03b2-lactam ring was the most efficient route to eliminate the antibacterial activity of \u03b2-lactam antibiotics (e.g. cefalexin, amoxicillin and ampicillin). These results demonstrated that UV photolysis could be adopted as an efficient and promising pretreatment strategy for the source control of antibiotic antibacterial activity by the decomposition of antibiotic functional groups before the biological treatment unit.", "keywords": ["Staphylococcus aureus", "Photolysis", "Ultraviolet Rays", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "01 natural sciences", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Water Purification", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122321"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122321", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122321", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122321"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Reduction of antibiotic resistance determinants in urban wastewater by ozone: Emphasis on the impact of wastewater matrix towards the inactivation kinetics, toxicity and bacterial regrowth", "description": "This study investigated the impact of bench-scale ozonation on the inactivation of total cultivable and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., and total heterotrophs), and the reduction of gene markers (16S rRNA and intl1) and antibiotic resistance genes (qacE\u03941, sul1, aadA1 and dfrA1) indigenously present in wastewater effluents treated by membrane bioreactor (MBR) or conventional activated sludge (CAS). The Chick-Watson model-predicted ozone exposure (CT) requirements, showed that higher CT values were needed for CAS- than MBR-treated effluents to achieve a 3-log reduction of each microbial group, i.e., ~30 and 10 gO3 min gDOC-1 respectively. Ozonation was efficient in inactivating the examined antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and no bacterial regrowth was observed after 72\u00a0h. The genes abundance decreased significantly by ozone, but an increase in their abundance was detected 72\u00a0h after storage of the treated samples. A very low removal of DOC was achieved and at the same time phyto- and eco-toxicity increased after the ozonation treatment in both wastewater matrices. The gene abundance, regrowth and toxicity results of this study may be of high environmental significance for comprehensive evaluation of ozone and may guide future studies in assessing these parameters for other oxidants/disinfectants.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Disinfection", "Kinetics", "Ozone", "Genes", "13. Climate action", "Ozonation", "Phytotoxicity", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "11. Sustainability", "Ecotoxicity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-14", "title": "Retention soil filter as post-treatment step to remove micropollutants from sewage treatment plant effluent", "description": "Retention soil filters (RSFs) are a specific form of vertical flow constructed wetlands for the treatment of rain water and/or wastewater. We have tested 3 pilot RSFs to investigate removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and 14 different organic micropollutants (OMPs) from the effluent of a large scale sewage treatment plant (STP). Two of them were operated as conventional RSF with material (sand with CaCO3 and organic matter) from two different full-scale RSFs. The third pilot RSF contained filter material (sand with CaCO3) with additional biochar in the upper layer (0-10\u202fcm) and granulated activated carbon (GAC) in the lower layer (60-90\u202fcm). The filters were planted with Phragmites australis. The RSFs were operated and monitored for 3\u202fyears, and water samples were taken regularly at inflow, outflows and in 3 depths within the filters. In total 523 samples were taken. In the conventional RSF, best median removal was detected for galaxolide, diclofenac 4-hydroxy, metoprolol and clarithromycin (75-79%). No removal was seen for sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine. The DOC and OMP removal in the conventional RSFs was best in the upper layer with highest organic matter content, increased in time over the three years of operation and also with extended contact time. In the effluent of the RSF with GAC, 10 out of the 14 OMPs could not be detected; 4 OMPs were detected, but only metformin with removal\u202f<\u202f80%, thus showing a more efficient removal than the conventional RSF. A decrease in DOC removal was detected in the GAC layer (>88% to 60%) over the 2.5\u202fyears of operation. Biochar was most effective in OMP removal in the first operational year. It can be concluded that the increasing removal efficiency of the conventional RSF material - also present in the RSF with biochar and GAC - might mitigate the reduced efficiency of the sorbent additives biochar and GAC. This enables to extend the operational lifetime of the filters with acceptable removal rates. Finally, our study demonstrates that an RSF with GAC shows an enhanced removal of OMPs, which is a suitable post-treatment step for STPs.", "keywords": ["Constructed wetlands", "Granular activated carbon", "Sewage", "Wastewater treatment", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Post-treatment step", "Soil", "Charcoal", "Micropollutants", "Retention soil filter", "Filtration", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Effects of cavitation on different microorganisms: The current understanding of the mechanisms taking place behind the phenomenon. A review and proposals for further research", "description": "A sudden decrease in pressure triggers the formation of vapour and gas bubbles inside a liquid medium (also called cavitation). This leads to many (key) engineering problems: material loss, noise, and vibration of hydraulic machinery. On the other hand, cavitation is a potentially useful phenomenon: the extreme conditions are increasingly used for a wide variety of applications such as surface cleaning, enhanced chemistry, and wastewater treatment (bacteria eradication and virus inactivation). Despite this significant progress, a large gap persists between the understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the effects of cavitation and its application. Although engineers are already commercializing devices that employ cavitation, we are still not able to answer the fundamental question: What precisely are the mechanisms how bubbles can clean, disinfect, kill bacteria and enhance chemical activity? The present paper is a thorough review of the recent (from 2005 onward) work done in the fields of cavitation-assisted microorganism's destruction and aims to serve as a foundation to build on in the next years.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Fungi", "cavitation", " microorganisms", " destruction", " mechanisms", " reviews", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Disinfection", "Physical Phenomena", "Sonication", "kavitacija", " mikroorganizmi", " mehanizmi", " razgradnja", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "13. Climate action", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "Viruses", "0405 other agricultural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-27", "title": "The role of operating parameters and oxidative damage mechanisms of advanced chemical oxidation processes in the combat against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes present in urban wastewater", "description": "An upsurge in the study of antibiotic resistance in the environment has been observed in the last decade. Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly clear that urban wastewater is a key source of antibiotic resistance determinants, i.e. antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARB&ARGs). Urban wastewater reuse has arisen as an important component of water resources management in the European Union and worldwide to address prolonged water scarcity issues. Especially, biological wastewater treatment processes (i.e. conventional activated sludge), which are widely applied in urban wastewater treatment plants, have been shown to provide an ideal environment for the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The ability of advanced chemical oxidation processes (AOPs), e.g. light-driven oxidation in the presence of H2O2, ozonation, homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysis, to inactivate ARB and remove ARGs in wastewater effluents has not been yet evaluated through a systematic and integrated approach. Consequently, this review seeks to provide an extensive and critical appraisal on the assessment of the efficiency of these processes in inactivating ARB and removing ARGs in wastewater effluents, based on recent available scientific literature. It tries to elucidate how the key operating conditions may affect the process efficiency, while pinpointing potential areas for further research and major knowledge gaps which need to be addressed. Also, this review aims at shedding light on the main oxidative damage pathways involved in the inactivation of ARB and removal of ARGs by these processes. In general, the lack and/or heterogeneity of the available scientific data, as well as the different methodological approaches applied in the various studies, make difficult the accurate evaluation of the efficiency of the processes applied. Besides the operating conditions, the variable behavior observed by the various examined genetic constituents of the microbial community, may be directed by the process distinct oxidative damage mechanisms in place during the application of each treatment technology. For example, it was shown in various studies that the majority of cellular damage by advanced chemical oxidation may be on cell wall and membrane structures of the targeted bacteria, leaving the internal components of the cells relatively intact/able to repair damage. As a result, further in-depth mechanistic studies are required, to establish the optimum operating conditions under which oxidative mechanisms target internal cell components such as genetic material and ribosomal structures more intensively, thus conferring permanent damage and/or death and preventing potential post-treatment re-growth.", "keywords": ["Titanium", "Photolysis", "Bacteria", "Sewage", "Sulfates", "Ultraviolet Rays", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Hydrogen Peroxide", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Oxidants", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "12. Responsible consumption", "Oxidative Stress", "Ozone", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "Antibiotic resistance Advanced chemical oxidation Inactivation mechanisms Wastewater treatment", "Drug Resistance", " Bacterial", "11. Sustainability", "Oxidation-Reduction", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Continuous ozonation of urban wastewater: Removal of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes and phytotoxicity", "description": "This work evaluated the removal of a mixture of eight antibiotics (i.e. ampicillin (AMP), azithromycin (AZM), erythromycin (ERY), clarithromycin (CLA), ofloxacin (OFL), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP) and tetracycline (TC)) from urban wastewater, by ozonation operated in continuous mode at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (i.e. 10, 20, 40 and 60\u202fmin) and specific ozone doses (i.e. 0.125, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 gO3 gDOC- 1). As expected, the efficiency of ozonation was highly ozone dose- and contact time-dependent. The removal of the parent compounds of the selected antibiotics to levels below their detection limits was achieved with HRT of 40\u202fmin and specific ozone dose of 0.125 gO3 gDOC- 1. The effect of ozonation was also investigated at a microbiological and genomic level, by studying the efficiency of the process with respect to the inactivation of Escherichia coli and antibiotic-resistant E.\u00a0coli, as well as to the reduction of the abundance of selected antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The inactivation of total cultivable E.\u00a0coli was achieved under the experimental conditions of HRT 40\u202fmin and 0.25 gO3 gDOC-1, at which all antibiotic compounds were already degraded. The regrowth examinations revealed that higher ozone concentrations were required for the permanent inactivation of E.\u00a0coli below the Limit of Quantification (Heterotrophic nitrifiers are able to oxidize and remove ammonia from nitrogen\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich wastewaters but the genetic elements of heterotrophic ammonia oxidation are poorly understood. Here, we isolated and identified a novel heterotrophic nitrifier, Alcaligenes ammonioxydans sp. nov. strain HO\uffe2\uff80\uff901, oxidizing ammonia to hydroxylamine and ending in the production of N2 gas. Genome analysis revealed that strain HO\uffe2\uff80\uff901 encoded a complete denitrification pathway but lacks any genes coding for homologous to known ammonia monooxygenases or hydroxylamine oxidoreductases. Our results demonstrated strain HO\uffe2\uff80\uff901 denitrified nitrite (not nitrate) to N2 and N2O at anaerobic and aerobic conditions respectively. Further experiments demonstrated that inhibition of aerobic denitrification did not stop ammonia oxidation and N2 production. A gene cluster (dnfT1RT2ABCD) was cloned from strain HO\uffe2\uff80\uff901 and enabled E. coli accumulated hydroxylamine. Sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90cloning showed that genetic cluster dnfAB or dnfABC already enabled E. coli cells to produce hydroxylamine and further to 15N2 from (15NH4)2SO4. Transcriptome analysis revealed these three genes dnfA, dnfB and dnfC were significantly upregulated in response to ammonia stimulation. Taken together, we concluded that strain HO\uffe2\uff80\uff901 has a novel dnf genetic cluster for ammonia oxidation and this dnf genetic cluster encoded a previously unknown pathway of direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) to N2.

", "keywords": ["Alcaligenes ammonioxydans sp. nov.", "0301 basic medicine", "106014 Genomics", "Nitrogen", "HYDROXYLAMINE OXIDASE", "direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox)", "OXIDATION", "REDUCTASE", "Water Purification", "THIOSPHAERA-PANTOTROPHA", "PYRUVIC-OXIME", "03 medical and health sciences", "heterotrophic nitrifier", "Ammonia", "106014 Genomik", "Escherichia coli", "Alcaligenes", "wastewater", "Nitrites", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "HETEROTROPHIC NITRIFICATION", "0303 health sciences", "PURIFICATION", "Sewage", "AEROBIC DENITRIFICATION", "Nitrification", "Aerobiosis", "6. Clean water", "NITROGEN", "FAECALIS", "Denitrification", "106022 Microbiology", "Oxidation-Reduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1462-2920.15751"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15751"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.15751", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.15751", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.15751"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fsufs.2020.00115", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-21", "title": "A Decision Support Model for Assessing the Water Regulation and Purification Potential of Agricultural Soils Across Europe", "description": "Water regulation and purification (WR) function is defined as \u201cthe capacity of the soil to remove harmful compounds and the capacity of the soil to receive, store and conduct water for subsequent use and to prevent droughts, flooding and erosion.\u201d It is a crucial function that society expects agricultural soils to deliver, contributing to quality water supply for human needs and in particular for ensuring food security. The complexity of processes involved and the intricate tradeoff with other necessary soil functions requires decision support tools for best management of WR function. However, the effects of farm and soil management practices on the delivery of the WR function has not been fully addressed by decision support tools for farmers. This work aimed to develop a decision support model for the management of the WR function performed by agricultural soils. The specific objectives of this paper were (i) to construct a qualitative decision support model to assess the water regulation and purification capacity of agricultural soils at field level, to (ii) conduct sensitivity analysis of the model; and (iii) to validate the model with independent empirical data. The developed decision support model for WR is a hierarchical qualitative model with 5 levels and has 27 basic attributes describing the soil (S), environment (E), and management (M) attributes of the field site to be assessed. The WR model is composed of 3 sub-models concerning (1) soil water storage, (2) P and sediment loss in runoff, and (3) N leaching in percolating water. The WR decision support model was validated using a representative dataset of 94 field sites from across Europe and had an overall accuracy of 75% when compared to the empirically derived values across these sites. This highly accurate, reliable, and useful decision support model for assessing the capacity of agricultural soils to perform the WR function can be used by farmers and advisors help manage and protect their soil resources for the future. This model has also been incorporated into the Soil Navigator decision support tool which provides simultaneous assessment of the WR function and other important soil functions for agriculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "decision support tool", "Nutrition. Foods and food supply", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil functions", "TP368-456", "15. Life on land", "water quality", "01 natural sciences", "INCREASE", "Food processing and manufacture", "6. Clean water", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "EXTREME EVENTS", "water regulation", "11. Sustainability", "MANAGEMENT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "TX341-641", "water purification", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Sustainable%20Food%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fsufs.2020.00115", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fsufs.2020.00115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wst.2022.179", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-01", "title": "Comparison of simple models for total nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff in FWS wetlands", "description": "Abstract

Free water surface (FWS) wetlands can be used to treat agricultural runoff, thereby reducing diffuse pollution. However, as these are highly dynamic systems, their design is still challenging. Complex models tend to require detailed information for calibration, which can only be obtained when the wetland is constructed. Hence simplified models are widely used for FWS wetlands design. The limitations of these models in full-scale FWS wetlands is that these systems often cope with stochastic events with different input concentrations. In our study, we compared different simple transport and degradation models for total nitrogen under steady- and unsteady-state conditions using information collected from a tracer experiment and data from two precipitation events from a full-scale FWS wetland. The tanks-in-series model proved to be robust for simulating solute transport, and the first-order degradation model with non-zero background concentration performed best for total nitrogen concentrations. However, the optimal background concentration changed from event to event. Thus, to use the model as a design tool, it is advisable to include an upper and lower background concentration to determine a range of wetland performance under different events. Models under steady- and unsteady-state conditions with simulated data showed good performance, demonstrating their potential for wetland design.The threat of antibiotic resistance to the wellbeing of societies is well established. Urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) are recognised sources for antibiotic resistance dissemination in the environment. Herein a novel cerium-doped zinc oxide (Ce-ZnO) photocatalyst is compared to ZnO and the benchmark TiO2-P25 in the immobilised form on a metallic support, to evaluate a photocatalytic process as a possible tertiary treatment in UWTPs. The catalysts were compared for the removal of two antibiotics, trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and for the inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain DH5-Alpha in isotonic sodium chloride solution and of autochthonous bacteria in real secondary wastewater. In real wastewater, E. coli and other coliforms were monitored, as well as the respective fractions resistant to ofloxacin and azithromycin. In parallel, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the respective sub-population resistant to ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin were also monitored. Photocatalysis with both ZnO and Ce-ZnO was faster than using TiO2-P25 at degrading the antibiotics, with Ce-ZnO the fastest against SMX but slower than undoped ZnO in the removal of TMP. Ce-ZnO catalyst reuse in the immobilised form produced somewhat slower kinetics maintained >50% of the initial activity, even after five cycles of use. Approximately 3 log10 inactivation of E. coli in isotonic sodium chloride water was recorded with reproducible results. In the removal of autochthonous bacteria in real wastewater, Ce-ZnO performed better (more than 2 log values higher) than TiO2-P25. In all cases, E. coli and other coliforms, including their resistant subpopulations, were inactivated at a higher rate than P. aeruginosa. With short reaction times no evidence for enrichment of resistance was observed, yet with extended reaction times low levels of bacterial loads were not further inactivated. Overall, Ce-ZnO is an easy and cheap photocatalyst to produce and immobilise and the one that showed higher activity than the industry standard TiO2-P25 against the tested antibiotics and bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

", "keywords": ["tertiary treatment", "wastewater disinfection", "antibiotic resistance", "Antibiotic resistance", "Tertiary treatment", "immobilised photocatalyst", "Immobilised photocatalyst", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "Wastewater disinfection", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Antibiotic resistance; Immobilised photocatalyst; Photocatalysis; Tertiary treatment; Wastewater disinfection; Catalysis; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry", "Photocatalysis", "0210 nano-technology", "photocatalysis", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/9/3/222/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.iris.unisa.it/bitstream/11386/4723219/1/Zammit%20et%20al.%202019_Catalysts.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/9/3/222/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9030222"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Catalysts", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/catal9030222", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/catal9030222", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/catal9030222"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/w11010122", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-11", "title": "Combination of River Bank Filtration and Solar-driven Electro-Chlorination Assuring Safe Drinking Water Supply for River Bound Communities in India", "description": "

The supply of safe drinking water in rural developing areas is still a matter of concern, especially if surface water, shallow wells, and wells with non-watertight headworks are sources for drinking water. Continuously changing raw water conditions, flood and extreme rainfall events, anthropogenic pollution, and lacking electricity supply in developing regions require new and adapted solutions to treat and render water safe for distribution. This paper presents the findings of a pilot test conducted in Uttarakhand, India, where a river bank filtration (RBF) well was combined with a solar-driven and online-monitored electro-chlorination system, treating fecal-contaminated Ganga River water. While the RBF well provided nearly turbidity- and pathogen-free water as well as buffered fluctuations in source water qualities, the electro-chlorination system provided disinfection based on the inline conversion of chloride to hypochlorous acid. The conducted sampling campaigns provided complete disinfection (>6.7 log) and the adequate supply of residual disinfectant (0.27 \uffc2\uffb1 0.17 mg/L). The system could be further optimized to local conditions and allows the supply of microbial-safe water for river bound communities, even during monsoon periods and under the low natural chloride regimes typical for this region.

", "keywords": ["electro-chlorination", "rural water supply", " online monitoring", "13. Climate action", "river bank filtration", "smart villages", "disinfection", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/1/122/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/w11010122"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/w11010122", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/w11010122", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/w11010122"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10379/15858", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-17", "title": "Pyrolysed waste materials show potential for remediation of trichloroethylene-contaminated water", "description": "Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an Environmental Protection Agency priority pollutant associated with cancer in humans. With numerous industrial applications and regular landfill disposal, TCE is a common landfill leachate pollutant. In situ treatment barriers use costly fill materials such as granular activated carbon (GAC). Here, we show that while a range of untreated waste materials had little ability to adsorb TCE, waste-derived biochar showed excellent capacity for TCE adsorption. TCE removal efficiencies by spruce and oak-derived biochars were > 99.5 %, outperforming GAC (95 %) and herbal pomace biochar (93 %). A contact time of at least 32 h was required to reach equilibrium for all of these media. Assessment of pollution swapping potential revealed release of phosphate by all biochars. Analysis of media surface characteristics by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) predicted that GAC should have the highest ability to adsorb TCE, followed by Oak Biochar, Herbal Pomace Biochar 1, and Spruce Biochar 2, which was not in agreement with the experimental adsorption data. These data demonstrate the potential for pyrolysed waste material to be used as an alternative fill material for in situ remediation applications, thereby also addressing the European Circular Economy Strategy.", "keywords": ["Waste Products", "circular economy", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Trichloroethylene", "12. Responsible consumption", "3. Good health", "Quercus", "Waste Disposal Facilities", "kinetic study", "adsorption", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "biochar", "Adsorption", "Picea", "Pyrolysis", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10379/15858"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10379/15858", "name": "item", "description": "10379/15858", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10379/15858"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11585/889925", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-01", "title": "Comparison of simple models for total nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff in FWS wetlands", "description": "Abstract

Free water surface (FWS) wetlands can be used to treat agricultural runoff, thereby reducing diffuse pollution. However, as these are highly dynamic systems, their design is still challenging. Complex models tend to require detailed information for calibration, which can only be obtained when the wetland is constructed. Hence simplified models are widely used for FWS wetlands design. The limitations of these models in full-scale FWS wetlands is that these systems often cope with stochastic events with different input concentrations. In our study, we compared different simple transport and degradation models for total nitrogen under steady- and unsteady-state conditions using information collected from a tracer experiment and data from two precipitation events from a full-scale FWS wetland. The tanks-in-series model proved to be robust for simulating solute transport, and the first-order degradation model with non-zero background concentration performed best for total nitrogen concentrations. However, the optimal background concentration changed from event to event. Thus, to use the model as a design tool, it is advisable to include an upper and lower background concentration to determine a range of wetland performance under different events. Models under steady- and unsteady-state conditions with simulated data showed good performance, demonstrating their potential for wetland design.