{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/pce.14124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-07", "title": "The size and the age of the metabolically active carbon in tree roots", "description": "Abstract

Little is known about the sources and age of C respired by tree roots. Previous research in stems identified two functional pools of non\uffe2\uff80\uff90structural carbohydrates (NSC): an \uffe2\uff80\uff9cactive\uffe2\uff80\uff9d pool supplied directly from canopy photo\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilates supporting metabolism and a \uffe2\uff80\uff9cstored\uffe2\uff80\uff9d pool used when fresh C supplies are limited. We compared the C isotope composition of water\uffe2\uff80\uff90soluble NSC and respired CO2for aspen roots (Populus tremulahybrids) cut off from fresh C supply after stem\uffe2\uff80\uff90girdling or prolonged incubation of excised roots. We used bomb radiocarbon to estimate the time elapsed since C fixation for respired CO2, water\uffe2\uff80\uff90soluble NSC and structural \uffce\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff90cellulose. While freshly excised roots (mostly <2.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89mm in diameter) respired CO2fixed <1\uffc2\uffa0year previously, the age increased to 1.6\uffe2\uff80\uff932.9\uffc2\uffa0year within a week after root excision. Freshly excised roots from trees girdled ~3\uffc2\uffa0months ago had respiration rates and NSC stocks similar to un\uffe2\uff80\uff90girdled trees but respired older C (~1.2\uffc2\uffa0year). We estimate that over 3\uffc2\uffa0months NSC in girdled roots must be replaced 5\uffe2\uff80\uff937 times by reserves remobilized from root\uffe2\uff80\uff90external sources. Using a mixing model and observed correlations between \uffce\uff9414C of water\uffe2\uff80\uff90soluble C and \uffce\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff90cellulose, we estimate ~30% of C is \uffe2\uff80\uff9cactive\uffe2\uff80\uff9d (~5\uffc2\uffa0mg C g\uffe2\uff88\uff921).Spatially averaged models of root\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interactions are often used to calculate plant water uptake. Using a combination of X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray computed tomography (CT) and image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modelling, we tested the accuracy of this spatial averaging by directly calculating plant water uptake for young wheat plants in two soil types. The root system was imaged using X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray CT at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12\uffc2\uffa0d after transplanting. The roots were segmented using semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90automated root tracking for speed and reproducibility. The segmented geometries were converted to a mesh suitable for the numerical solution of Richards' equation. Richards' equation was parameterized using existing pore scale studies of soil hydraulic properties in the rhizosphere of wheat plants. Image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modelling allows the spatial distribution of water around the root to be visualized and the fluxes into the root to be calculated. By comparing the results obtained through image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modelling to spatially averaged models, the impact of root architecture and geometry in water uptake was quantified. We observed that the spatially averaged models performed well in comparison to the image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models with <2% difference in uptake. However, the spatial averaging loses important information regarding the spatial distribution of water near the root system.p1Plants transitioned from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle during their evolution. On land, fluctuations on water availability in the environment became one of the major problems they encountered. The appearance of morpho-physiological adaptations to cope with and tolerate water loss from the cells was undeniably useful to survive on dry land. Some of these adaptations, such as carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), desiccation tolerance (DT) and root impermeabilization, appeared in multiple plant lineages. Despite being crucial for evolution on land, it has been unclear how these adaptations convergently evolved in the various plant lineages. Recent advances on whole genome and transcriptome sequencing are revealing that co-option of genes and gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is a common feature underlying the convergent evolution of these adaptations. In this review we address how the study of CCMs and DT have provided insight into convergent evolution of GRNs underlying plant adaptation to dry environments, and how these insights could be applied to currently emerging understanding of evolution of root impermeabilization through different barrier cell types. We discuss examples of co-option, conservation, and innovation of genes and GRNs at the cell, tissue and organ levels revealed by recent phylogenomic (comparative genomic) and comparative transcriptomic studies.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Physiology", "desiccation tolerance", "exodermis", "Adaptation", " Biological", "Reviews", "Plant Science", "comparative genomics", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Genes", " Plant", "Biological Evolution", "03 medical and health sciences", "apoplastic barriers", "Gene Regulatory Networks", "Desert Climate"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/pce.14143"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14143"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/pce.14143", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/pce.14143", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/pce.14143"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/plb.12400", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-25", "title": "Light Compensation Points In Shade-Grown Seedlings Of Deciduous Broadleaf Tree Species With Different Successional Traits Raised Under Elevated Co2", "description": "Abstract

We measured leaf photosynthetic traits in shade\uffe2\uff80\uff90grown seedlings of four tree species native to northern Japan, raised under an elevated CO2 condition, to investigate the effects of elevated CO2 on shade tolerance of deciduous broadleaf tree species with different successional traits. We considered Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Betula maximowicziana as pioneer species, Quercus mongolica var. crispula as a mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90successional species, and Acer mono as a climax species. The plants were grown under shade conditions (10% of full sunlight) in a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulated phytotron. Light compensation points (LCPs) decreased in all tree species when grown under elevated CO2 (720\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffb7mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921), which were accompanied by higher apparent quantum yields but no photosynthetic down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation. LCPs in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica and A.\uffc2\uffa0mono grown under elevated CO2 were lower than those in the two pioneer birch species. The LCP in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica seedlings was not different from that of A.\uffc2\uffa0mono in each CO2 treatment. However, lower dark respiration rates were observed in A.\uffc2\uffa0mono than in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica, suggesting higher shade tolerance in A.\uffc2\uffa0mono as a climax species in relation to carbon loss at night. Thus, elevated CO2 may have enhanced shade tolerance by lowering LCPs in all species, but the ranking of shade tolerance related to successional traits did not change among species under elevated CO2, i.e. the highest shade tolerance was observed in the climax species (A.\uffc2\uffa0mono), followed by a gap\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent species (Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica), while lower shade tolerance was observed in the pioneer species (B.\uffc2\uffa0platyphylla and B.\uffc2\uffa0maximowicziana).

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "CO2 enrichment", "photosynthesis", "Acclimatization", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "650", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Apparent quantum yield", "Trees", "shade tolerance", "Plant Leaves", "Quercus", "Phenotype", "Japan", "Seedlings", "Sunlight", "Photosynthesis", "dark respiration", "Betula"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12400"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/plb.12400", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/plb.12400", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/plb.12400"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ppl.13697", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-08", "title": "Bi-directional, long-distance hormonal signalling between roots and shoots of soil water availability", "description": "Abstract

While the importance of plant water relations in determining crop response to soil water availability is difficult to over\uffe2\uff80\uff90emphasise, under many circumstances, plants maintain their leaf water status as the soil dries yet shoot gas exchange and growth is restricted. Such observations lead to development of a paradigm that root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot signals regulate shoot physiology, and a conceptual framework to test the importance of different signals such as plant hormones in these physiological processes. Nevertheless, shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90root (hormonal) signalling also plays an important role in regulating root growth and function and may dominate when larger quantities of a hormone are produced in the shoots than the roots. Here, we review the evidence for acropetal and basipetal transport of three different plant hormones (abscisic acid, jasmonates, strigolactones) that have antitranspirant effects, to indicate the origin and action of these signalling systems. The physiological importance of each transport pathway likely depends on the specific environmental conditions the plant is exposed to, specifically whether the roots or shoots are the first to lose turgor when exposed to drying soil or elevated atmospheric demand, respectively. All three hormones can interact to influence each other's synthesis, degradation and intracellular signalling to augment or attenuate their physiological impacts, highlighting the complexity of unravelling these signalling systems. Nevertheless, such complexity suggests crop improvement opportunities to select for allelic variation in the genes affecting hormonal regulation, and (in selected crops) to augment root\uffe2\uff80\uff93shoot communication by judicious selection of rootstock\uffe2\uff80\uff93scion combinations to ameliorate abiotic stresses.

", "keywords": ["580", "roots", "Special Issue Articles", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "soil water", "Water", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant Growth Regulators", "plant hormones", "Plant Shoots", "shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ppl.13697"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13697"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Physiologia%20Plantarum", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ppl.13697", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ppl.13697", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ppl.13697"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ppl.70252", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-30", "title": "Differential xylem phytohormone export from dry and wet roots during partial rootzone drying is independent of shoot\u2010to\u2010root transport in soybean", "description": "Abstract

Different phytohormones can act as root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot signalling molecules in response to soil drying. Recent findings suggest that root ABA levels are predominantly leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90sourced and not locally synthesized, thus, ABA exported from the roots in the xylem is mostly recycled from the shoot. To explain the differential root hormone accumulation observed under partial rootzone drying (PRD) that imposes distinct dry and wet parts of the root zone, we grafted \uffe2\uff80\uff9ctwo\uffe2\uff80\uff90root, one\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff9d soybean plants to independently assess xylem export of different phytohormones from either part of the root zone. Grafts were subjected to a combination of girdling (either part, all, or none of the rootzone) and irrigation (homogenously well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered (WW) and PRD). PRD did not increase foliar ABA but decreased stomatal conductance, attributed to decreased leaf water potential and/or increased xylem sap ABA, JA, or ACC concentrations. In contrast, the foliar ABA increments that accompanied girdling\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced stomatal closure were proportional to the root fraction to which phloem transport was interrupted. Irrespective of girdling, root ABA accumulation (and xylem ABA export from) was highest in the dry PRD rootzone, xylem jasmonic acid (JA) in the wet PRD rootzone, and xylem ACC in both rootzones of PRD plants. Thus, soil drying of the dry root zone and transient overwatering of the wet root zone enhanced ACC export in PRD plants. We conclude that root water status during PRD enhances root ABA, JA and ACC synthesis and xylem export, independent of shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90root transport.Woody plant encroachment into grasslands is a global concern. Efforts to restore grasslands often assume that removal of woody plants benefits biodiversity but assumptions are rarely tested. In the Chihuahuan Desert of the Southwestern United States, we tested whether abundances of grassland specialist bird species would be greater in plant communities resulting from treatment with herbicides to remove encroaching shrubs compared with untreated shrub\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated areas that represented pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment conditions. In 2010, we surveyed breeding birds and vegetation at 16 treated\uffe2\uff80\uff93untreated pairs. In 2011, we expanded the survey effort to 21 treated\uffe2\uff80\uff93untreated pairs, seven unpaired treatment areas, and five reference grassland areas. Vegetation in treatment areas had higher perennial grass foliar and basal cover and lower shrub foliar cover compared with untreated areas. Several regionally declining grassland specialists exhibited higher occurrence and relative abundance in treated areas. A shrubland specialist, however, was associated with untreated areas and may be negatively impacted by shrub removal. Bird community composition differed between treated and untreated areas in both years. Our results indicate that shrub removal can have positive effects on grassland specialist bird species, but that a mosaic of treated and untreated areas might be most beneficial for regional biodiversity.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12081"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Restoration%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/rec.12081", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/rec.12081", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/rec.12081"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/rec.12102", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-22", "title": "Effects Of Biennial Fire And Clipping On Woody And Herbaceous Ground Layer Vegetation: Implications For Restoration And Management Of Oak Barren Ecosystems", "description": "Abstract

Savannas and oak barrens are threatened in North America, due, in part, to removal of natural disturbance regimes. However, the periodic prescribed fires used in savanna and oak barren management sometimes accelerate the formation of a shrub layer, which can displace herbaceous species. This may be because periodic low severity fires act much like clipping, topkilling shrubs, yet allowing them to accumulate reserves in intervals without fire for more vigorous sprouting. To test this, we compared biennial dormant season burn prescriptions to a fire surrogate (clipping) using three oak barrens sites in the Bluegrass Region of southern Ohio. Fire and clipping treatments did little to suppress the resprouting ability of shrubs (woody stems <2 cm dbh), which regrew rapidly and in equivalent densities following treatment. However, both treatments reduced shrub cover, resulting in a 35% decrease in shrub cover over the course of the study. In contrast, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90manipulated plots experienced a 44% increase in shrub cover over the same time period. Despite this reduction in shrub cover, treatments had no effect on herbaceous plant cover, richness, diversity, or evenness. These results suggest that the use of biennial prescribed dormant season fire, as employed in this study, is equivalent to clipping, and although effective at temporarily reducing shrub cover, is not effective in reducing shrub densities or resprouting potential. Thus, burning during marginal conditions should be avoided for achieving a short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term restoration goal of shrub removal, but can be effective for maintaining the current shrub layer.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sheryl M. Petersen, Paul B. Drewa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12102"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Restoration%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/rec.12102", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/rec.12102", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/rec.12102"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/rec.13562", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-18", "title": "Restoration of a Lake Ontario\u2010connected fen through invasive Typha removal", "description": "

Lake\uffe2\uff80\uff90level regulation that began in 1960 eliminated large fluctuations of Lake Ontario water levels, altering coastal wetland plant communities. More than a half century later, the altered hydroperiod supports dense, monotypic stands of invasive cattail (Typha angustifolia and Typha\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97 glauca), which have diminished overall plant community diversity. As a result, Lake Ontario coastal wetlands are less capable of providing many of their traditional ecological functions. One such wetland is Buttonwood Fen, a floating, lake\uffe2\uff80\uff90connected peatland on Lake Ontario's southern shore near Rochester, NY. We implemented cattail\uffe2\uff80\uff90control measures from 2016 to 2018 with the goal of decreasing live and dead cattail biomass and increasing cover of native fen taxa. Site manipulation included removal of dead cattail biomass, cutting new cattail growth when rhizome carbohydrate reserves were at their lowest, and hand\uffe2\uff80\uff90wicking regrowth with herbicide in early fall. Results showed a decrease in live cattail stem density and cover and dead biomass cover, as well as an increase in cover of fen taxa. Although not a replicated study, our results suggest that removing dead cattail biomass and targeted treatment of live cattail stems via cutting and hand\uffe2\uff80\uff90wicking with glyphosate can reduce cattail and improve site quality.Cycling of nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, is one of the ecosystem services we expect agricultural soils to deliver. Nutrient cycling incorporates the reuse of agricultural, industrial and municipal organic residues that, misleadingly, are often referred to as \uffe2\uff80\uff98wastes\uffe2\uff80\uff99. The present review disentangles the processes underlying the cycling of nutrients to better understand which soil properties determine the performance of that function. Four processes are identified (i) the capacity to receive nutrients, (ii) the capacity to make and keep nutrients available to crops, (iii) the capacity to support the uptake of nutrients by crops and (iv) the capacity to support their successful removal in harvested crop. Soil properties matter but it is imperative that, as constituents of \uffe2\uff80\uff98soil quality\uffe2\uff80\uff99, they should be evaluated in the context of management options and climate and not as ends in their own right. The effect of a soil property may vary depending on the prevailing climatic and hydrologic conditions and on other soil properties. We recognize that individual soil properties may be enhancing one of the processes underlying the cycling of nutrients but simultaneously weakening others. Competing demands on soil properties are even more obvious when considering other soil functions such as primary production, purification and flow regulation of water, climate modification and habitat provision, as shown by examples. Consequently, evaluations of soil properties and management actions need to be site\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific, taking account of local aspects of their suitability and potential challenges.Soil and its ecosystem functions play a societal role in securing sustainable food production while safeguarding natural resources. A functional land management framework has been proposed to optimize the agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90environmental outputs from the land and specifically the supply and demand of soil functions such as (a) primary productivity, (b) carbon sequestration, (c) water purification and regulation, (d) biodiversity and (e) nutrient cycling, for which soil knowledge is essential. From the outset, the LANDMARK multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90actor research project integrates harvested knowledge from local, national and European stakeholders to develop such guidelines, creating a sense of ownership, trust and reciprocity of the outcomes. About 470 stakeholders from five European countries participated in 32 structured workshops covering multiple land uses in six climatic zones. The harmonized results include stakeholders\uffe2\uff80\uff99 priorities and concerns, perceptions on soil quality and functions, implementation of tools, management techniques, indicators and monitoring, activities and policies, knowledge gaps and ideas. Multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90criteria decision analysis was used for data analysis. Two qualitative models were developed using Decision EXpert methodology to evaluate \uffe2\uff80\uff9cknowledge\uffe2\uff80\uff9d and \uffe2\uff80\uff9cneeds\uffe2\uff80\uff9d. Soil quality perceptions differed across workshops, depending on the stakeholder level and regionally established terminologies. Stakeholders had good inherent knowledge about soil functioning, but several gaps were identified. In terms of critical requirements, stakeholders defined high technical, activity and policy needs in (a) financial incentives, (b) credible information on improving more sustainable management practices, (c) locally relevant advice, (d) farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 discussion groups, (e) training programmes, (f) funding for applied research and monitoring, and (g) strengthening soil science in education.Soil health is a critical component of nature\uffe2\uff80\uff90based solutions (NbS), underpinning ecosystem multifunctionality and resilience by supporting biodiversity, improving carbon sequestration and storage, regulating water flow and enhancing plant productivity. For this reason, NbS often aim to protect soil health and restore degraded soil. Robust monitoring of soil health is needed to adaptively manage NbS projects, identify best practices and minimize trade\uffe2\uff80\uff90offs between goals, but soil assessment is often underrepresented in NbS monitoring programmes. This paper examines challenges and opportunities in selecting suitable soil health metrics. We find that standardization can facilitate widespread monitoring of soil health, with benefits for stakeholders and user groups. However, standardization brings key challenges, including the complexity and local variability of soil systems and the diverse priorities, skills and resources of stakeholders. To address this, we propose a flexible, interdisciplinary approach combining soil science, ecology and socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic insights. We introduce an interactive tool to help users select suitable soil and biodiversity metrics, which are context and scale\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific, and suggest avenues for future research. We conclude that integrating soil health into NbS through new and improved monitoring approaches, newly available datasets, supportive policies and stakeholder collaboration can enhance the resilience and effectiveness of NbS, contributing significantly to global sustainability goals.IRON\uffe2\uff80\uff90REGULATED TRANSPORTER1 (IRT1) is the root high\uffe2\uff80\uff90affinity ferrous iron (Fe) uptake system and indispensable for the completion of the life cycle of Arabidopsis thaliana without vigorous Fe supplementation. Here we provide evidence supporting a second role of IRT1 in root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot partitioning of Fe. We show that irt1 mutants overaccumulate Fe in roots, most prominently in the cortex of the differentiation zone in irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff902, compared to the wild type. Shoots of irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff902 are severely Fe\uffe2\uff80\uff90deficient according to Fe content and marker transcripts, as expected. We generated irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff902 lines producing IRT1 mutant variants carrying single amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid substitutions of key residues in transmembrane helices IV and V, Ser206 and His232, which are required for transport activity in yeast. Root short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term 55Fe uptake rates were uninformative concerning IRT1\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated transport. Overall irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff90like concentrations of the secondary substrate Mn suggested that the transgenic Arabidopsis lines also remain incapable of IRT1\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated root Fe uptake. Yet, IRT1S206A partially complements rosette dwarfing and leaf chlorosis of irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff902, as well as root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot Fe partitioning and gene expression defects of irt1\uffe2\uff80\uff902, all of which are fully complemented by wild\uffe2\uff80\uff90type IRT1. Taken together, these results suggest a regulatory function for IRT1 in root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot Fe partitioning that does not require Fe transport activity of IRT1. Among the genes of which transcript levels are partially dependent on IRT1, we identify MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN10, MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN72 and NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE4 as candidates for effecting IRT1\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent Fe mobilization in roots. Understanding the biological functions of IRT1 will help to improve Fe nutrition and the nutritional quality of agricultural crops.Nitrogen-induced suppression of lignin-modifying enzyme activity contributes to soil carbon sequestration.

", "keywords": ["CHANGING ENVIRONMENT", "570", "550", "Nitrogen", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "Soil", "Bacterial Proteins", "Research Articles", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "Bacteria", "HETEROTROPHIC ACTIVITY", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Enzymes", "N DEPOSITION", "Multidisciplinary Sciences", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION", "TEMPERATE FOREST", "13. Climate action", "SUBTROPICAL FORESTS", "Science & Technology - Other Topics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ATMOSPHERIC NITRATE DEPOSITION", "SIZE FRACTIONS", "CBIO"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaq1689"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.aaq1689", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.aaq1689", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.aaq1689"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-08-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/sciadv.1700866", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-15", "title": "Climate warming promotes species diversity, but with greater taxonomic redundancy, in complex environments", "description": "

Climate warming reduces biodiversity in simpler environments but enhances it in complex environments.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nematoda", "Climate", "Biodiversity", "Environment", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "DNA Barcoding", " Taxonomic", "Biomass", "14. Life underwater", "Research Articles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700866"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.1700866", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.1700866", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.1700866"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1071148", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Soil Fertility And Biodiversity In Organic Farming", "description": "

An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.

", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Soil quality", "Manure", "Soil", "Soil biology", "Biodiversity and ecosystem services", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Pesticides", "Fertilizers", "Arthropods", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Switzerland", "Triticum", "Solanum tuberosum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1071148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1071148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/sciadv.aax8787", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-25", "title": "The global-scale distributions of soil protists and their contributions to belowground systems", "description": "

We studied the dominant protists found in soils across the globe and their contributions to belowground food webs.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Biodiversity", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "7. Clean energy", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "international", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Belowground systems", "Soil protists", "Distributions", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax8787"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.aax8787", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.aax8787", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.aax8787"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.aay2832", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-15", "title": "The role of multiple global change factors in driving soil functions and microbial biodiversity", "description": "Many factors influence global change

Global environmental change is driven by multiple natural and anthropogenic factors. With a focus on global change as it affects soils, Rilliget al.point out that nearly all published studies consider just one or two factors at a time (see the Perspective by Manning). In a laboratory experiment, they tested 10 drivers of global change both individually and in combination, at levels ranging from 2 to 10 factors. They found that soil properties, processes, and microbial communities could not be predicted from single-effect responses and that multiple factors in combination produced unsuspected responses. They concluded that single-factor studies remain important for uncovering mechanisms but that global change biology needs to embrace more fully the multitude of drivers impinging on ecosystems.

Science, this issue p.886; see also p.801

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Microbiota", "15. Life on land", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay2832"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.aay2832", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.aay2832", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.aay2832"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/sciadv.adj8016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-29", "title": "Connecting the multiple dimensions of global soil fungal diversity", "description": "

How the multiple facets of soil fungal diversity vary worldwide remains virtually unknown, hindering the management of this essential species-rich group. By sequencing high-resolution DNA markers in over 4000 topsoil samples from natural and human-altered ecosystems across all continents, we illustrate the distributions and drivers of different levels of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of fungi and their ecological groups. We show the impact of precipitation and temperature interactions on local fungal species richness (alpha diversity) across different climates. Our findings reveal how temperature drives fungal compositional turnover (beta diversity) and phylogenetic diversity, linking them with regional species richness (gamma diversity). We integrate fungi into the principles of global biodiversity distribution and present detailed maps for biodiversity conservation and modeling of global ecological processes.

", "keywords": ["Supplementary Data", "biodiversity", " fungi", " ecology", "QH301 Biology", "Diversity (politics)", "Plant Science", "Biodiversity conservation", "Fungal Diversity", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Life", "Sociology", "WATER", "Global biodiversity distribution", "Fungal diversity", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "Earth", " Environmental", " Ecological", " and Space Sciences", "Geography", "Ecology", "soil fungal diversity", "4. Education", "SPECIES RICHNESS", "Life Sciences", "https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016/suppl_file/sciadv.adj8016_sm.pdf", "Biodiversity", "FOS: Sociology", "global biodiversity distribution", "sienet", "https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016/suppl_file/sciadv.adj8016_tables_s1_to_s13.zip", "Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens", "570", "Supplementary Information", "DNA markers", "QH301", "Sequencing high-resolution DNA", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "monimuotoisuus", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Life Science", "Humans", "14. Life underwater", "General", "Global ecological processes", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "global ecological processes", "Soil fungal diversity", "microbiology", "Fungi", "Water", "Cell Biology", "15. Life on land", "luonnon monimuotoisuus", "Agronomy", "biodiversiteetti", "LIFE", "ekosysteemit (ekologia)", "Evolution and Ecology of Endophyte-Grass Symbiosis", "13. Climate action", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Anthropology", "ta1181", "biodiversity conservation", "Species richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"href": "https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.adj8016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.adj8016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1075312", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-05", "title": "Grassland Responses To Global Environmental Changes Suppressed By Elevated Co2", "description": "

Simulated global changes, including warming, increased precipitation, and nitrogen deposition, alone and in concert, increased net primary production (NPP) in the third year of ecosystem-scale manipulations in a California annual grassland. Elevated carbon dioxide also increased NPP, but only as a single-factor treatment. Across all multifactor manipulations, elevated carbon dioxide suppressed root allocation, decreasing the positive effects of increased temperature, precipitation, and nitrogen deposition on NPP. The NPP responses to interacting global changes differed greatly from simple combinations of single-factor responses. These findings indicate the importance of a multifactor experimental approach to understanding ecosystem responses to global change.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Atmosphere", "Climate", "Temperature", "Carbon Dioxide", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "California", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Weather", "Ecosystem", "Geraniaceae"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Christopher B. Field, Erika S. Zavaleta, Erika S. Zavaleta, Nona R. Chiariello, Harold A. Mooney, Elsa E. Cleland, Elsa E. Cleland, M. Rebecca Shaw,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1075312"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1075312", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1075312", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1075312"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-12-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1082709", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-05-08", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Wildfire On Ecosystem Properties Across An Island Area Gradient", "description": "

Boreal forest soils play an important role in the global carbon cycle by functioning as a large terrestrial carbon sink or source, and the alteration of fire regime through global change phenomena may influence this role. We studied a system of forested lake islands in the boreal zone of Sweden for which fire frequency increases with increasing island size. Large islands supported higher plant productivity and litter decomposition rates than did smaller ones, and, with increasing time since fire, litter decomposition rates were suppressed sooner than was ecosystem productivity. This contributes to greater carbon storage with increasing time since fire; for every century without a major fire, an additional 0.5 kilograms per square meter of carbon becomes stored in the humus.

", "keywords": ["Sweden", "0106 biological sciences", "Geography", "Light", "Plant Development", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Fires", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1082709"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1082709", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1082709", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1082709"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1128834", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "title": "Warming And Earlier Spring Increase Western Us Forest Wildfire Activity", "description": "

Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades, yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific discussion of changes in western United States wildfire has focused instead on the effects of 19th- and 20th-century land-use history. We compiled a comprehensive database of large wildfires in western United States forests since 1970 and compared it with hydroclimatic and land-surface data. Here, we show that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons. The greatest increases occurred in mid-elevation, Northern Rockies forests, where land-use histories have relatively little effect on fire risks and are strongly associated with increased spring and summer temperatures and an earlier spring snowmelt.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Climate change", "Forest Biology", "Wildfire", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "333", "United States", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1128834"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1128834", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1128834", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1128834"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1155359", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-12", "title": "Predictive Models Of Forest Dynamics", "description": "

Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have shown that forest dynamics could dramatically alter the response of the global climate system to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide over the next century. But there is little agreement between different DGVMs, making forest dynamics one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in predicting future climate. DGVM predictions could be strengthened by integrating the ecological realities of biodiversity and height-structured competition for light, facilitated by recent advances in the mathematics of forest modeling, ecological understanding of diverse forest communities, and the availability of forest inventory data.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Light", "Nonlinear Dynamics", "13. Climate action", "Climate", "Biodiversity", "Models", " Theoretical", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Mathematics", "Forecasting", "Trees"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Drew W. Purves, Stephen W. Pacala,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1155359"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1155359", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1155359", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1155359"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msphere.00130-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-11", "title": "Local Network Properties of Soil and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities in Potato Plantations Treated with a Biological Product Are Important Predictors of Crop Yield", "description": "

Our results reinforce the notion that each cultivar on each location recruits a unique microbial community and that these communities are modulated by the vegetative growth stage of the plant. Moreover, inoculation of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain QST713-based product on potatoes also changed the abundance of specific taxonomic groups and the structure of local networks in those locations where the product caused an increase in the yield.

", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological Products", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Fungi", "High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing", "Agriculture", "Agricultural Inoculants", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "United States", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Rhizosphere", "Soil Microbiology", "Research Article", "Solanum tuberosum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSphere.00130-21"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00130-21"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msphere.00130-21", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msphere.00130-21", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msphere.00130-21"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.aap9516", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-18", "title": "A global atlas of the dominant bacteria found in soil", "description": "A global map of soil bacteria

Soil bacteria play key roles in regulating terrestrial carbon dynamics, nutrient cycles, and plant productivity. However, the natural histories and distributions of these organisms remain largely undocumented. Delgado-Baquerizo et al. provide a survey of the dominant bacterial taxa found around the world. In soil collections from six continents, they found that only 2% of bacterial taxa account for nearly half of the soil bacterial communities across the globe. These dominant taxa could be clustered into ecological groups of co-occurring bacteria that share habitat preferences. The findings will allow for a more predictive understanding of soil bacterial diversity and distribution.

Science , this issue p. 320

Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "570", "Ecosystem services (ES)", "Livestock", "Climate", "Climate Change", "Wild", "630", "Dryland", "Soil", "SDG-02: Zero hunger", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Climate change", "Humans", "Ecosystem services", "grazing", "Herbivory", "14. Life underwater", "climate", "Institut f\u00fcr Biochemie und Biologie", "Ecosystem", "biodiversity", "SDG-15: Life on land", "2. Zero hunger", "Systems", "Drylands", "Qu\u00edmica", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Grazing", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ddc:570", "ecosystem services", "Rangeland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abq4062"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.abq4062", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.abq4062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.abq4062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msystems.00344-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-10", "title": "Network Properties of Local Fungal Communities Reveal the Anthropogenic Disturbance Consequences of Farming Practices in Vineyard Soils", "description": "

Soil fungal communities play a key role in agroecosystem sustainability. The complexity of fungal communities, at both taxonomic and functional levels, makes it difficult to find clear patterns connecting community composition with ecosystem function and to understand the impact of biotic (interspecies interactions) and abiotic (e.g., climate or anthropogenic disturbances) factors on it.

", "keywords": ["Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "agroecosystems", "local networks", "Local networks", "Microbiolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "579", "Ecolog\u00eda", "Emergent properties", "15. Life on land", "Microbiolog\u00eda", "fungal communities", "Microbiology", "574", "QR1-502", "Fungal communities", "03 medical and health sciences", "2401.06 Ecolog\u00eda animal", "emergent properties", "11. Sustainability", "2414 Microbiolog\u00eda", "Agroecosystems", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00344-21"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00344-21"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00344-21", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00344-21", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00344-21"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-17", "title": "Microbial Communities Show Parallels At Sites With Distinct Litter And Soil Characteristics", "description": "ABSTRACT

Plant and microbial community composition in connection with soil chemistry determines soil nutrient cycling. The study aimed at demonstrating links between plant and microbial communities and soil chemistry occurring among and within four sites: two pine forests with contrasting soil pH and two grasslands of dissimilar soil chemistry and vegetation. Soil was characterized by C and N content, particle size, and profiles of low-molecular-weight compounds determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of soil extracts. Bacterial and actinobacterial community composition was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and cloning followed by sequencing. Abundances of bacteria, fungi, and actinobacteria were determined by quantitative PCR. In addition, a pool of secondary metabolites was estimated byermresistance genes coding for rRNA methyltransferases. The sites were characterized by a stable proportion of C/N within each site, while on a larger scale, the grasslands had a significantly lower C/N ratio than the forests. A Spearman's test showed that soil pH was correlated with bacterial community composition not only among sites but also within each site. Bacterial, actinobacterial, and fungal abundances were related to carbon sources while T-RFLP-assessed microbial community composition was correlated with the chemical environment represented by HPLC profiles. Actinobacteria community composition was the only studied microbial characteristic correlated to all measured factors. It was concluded that the microbial communities of our sites were influenced primarily not only by soil abiotic characteristics but also by dominant litter quality, particularly, by percentage of recalcitrant compounds.

", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "Nitrogen", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Colony Count", " Microbial", "104004 Chemical biology", "Soil", "Cluster Analysis", "Organic Chemicals", "Chromatography", " High Pressure Liquid", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Biodiversity", "Methyltransferases", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Bacterial Load", "Carbon", "104004 Chemische Biologie", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00527-11"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.00527-11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.01081-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-01", "title": "Seasonality and geography have a greater influence than the use of chlorine-based cleaning agents on the microbiota of bulk tank raw milk.", "description": "

The microbiota of raw milk is affected by many factors that can control or promote the introduction of undesirable microorganisms. Chlorine-based cleaning agents have been commonly used due to their effectiveness in controlling undesirable microorganisms, but they have been associated with the formation of chlorine residues that are detrimental to product quality and may impact consumer health.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Geography", "Microbiota", "Dairy", "Dairying", "03 medical and health sciences", "Milk", "Food Microbiology", "Animals", "Equipment Contamination", "DNA sequencing", "Metagenomics", "Seasons", "Chlorine", "Ireland", "Disinfectants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.01081-21"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01081-21"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.01081-21", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.01081-21", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.01081-21"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.01355-07", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-17", "title": "Effects Of Wildfire And Harvest Disturbances On Forest Soil Bacterial Communities", "description": "ABSTRACT

Wildfires and harvesting are important disturbances to forest ecosystems, but their effects on soil microbial communities are not well characterized and have not previously been compared directly. This study was conducted at sites with similar soil, climatic, and other properties in a spruce-dominated boreal forest near Chisholm, Alberta, Canada. Soil microbial communities were assessed following four treatments: control, harvest, burn, and burn plus timber salvage (burn-salvage). Burn treatments were at sites affected by a large wildfire in May 2001, and the communities were sampled 1 year after the fire. Microbial biomass carbon decreased 18%, 74%, and 53% in the harvest, burn, and burn-salvage treatments, respectively. Microbial biomass nitrogen decreased 25% in the harvest treatment, but increased in the burn treatments, probably because of microbial assimilation of the increased amounts of available NH 4 + and NO 3 \uffe2\uff88\uff92 due to burning. Bacterial community composition was analyzed by nonparametric ordination of molecular fingerprint data of 119 samples from both ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) and rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. On the basis of multiresponse permutation procedures, community composition was significantly different among all treatments, with the greatest differences between the two burned treatments versus the two unburned treatments. The sequencing of DNA bands from RISA fingerprints revealed distinct distributions of bacterial divisions among the treatments. Gamma - and Alphaproteobacteria were highly characteristic of the unburned treatments, while Betaproteobacteria and members of Bacillus were highly characteristic of the burned treatments. Wildfire had distinct and more pronounced effects on the soil microbial community than did harvesting.

", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "Electrophoresis", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Biodiversity", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "15. Life on land", "Nucleic Acid Denaturation", "DNA", " Ribosomal", "Fires", "6. Clean water", "Alberta", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "DNA", " Ribosomal Spacer", "Biomass", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "B.E. Kishchuk, William W. Mohn, Nancy R. Smith,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01355-07"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.01355-07", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.01355-07", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.01355-07"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0602", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-04", "title": "Bryophyte diversity in the gypsum outcrops of Sicily (Italy)", "description": "Abstract: A study on the bryophyte diversity of 12 Sicilian gypsum outcrops, falling in 4 Nature Reserves and 5 Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), is presented in order to increase knowledge about this peculiar flora for which conservation efforts need to be addressed. The bryoflora consists of a total of 85 taxa, 8 liverworts and 77 mosses, most of them belonging to the Pottiaceae family and characterized by xero-morphological adaptations. The bio-ecological analysis has emphasized the prevalence of xerophytic and basiphytic species with life form turf and life strategy colonist. Regarding the gypsicolous character, only one species, Tortula revolvens, behaves as a strict gypso- phyte, and a small group of species (Aloina spp., Crossidium spp.) as wide gypsophytes. The bryo- floras of the sites show a quite high diversity level in species composition and include some rare and interesting taxa for Italy, e.g. Acaulon triquetrum, Aloina brevirostris, Syntrichia handelii, Tortula brevissima, Tortula revolvens, Tortula solmsii, Petalophyllum ralfsii. This study, which im- proves the information on the gypsum flora, represents a contribution to the knowledge of a habitat which is today considered a priority for conservation", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "bryophytes", "Bryophytes", "conservation", "Conservation", "Gypsum", "15. Life on land", "Sicily", "01 natural sciences", "gypsum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0602"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nova%20Hedwigia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0602", "name": "item", "description": "10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0602", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0602"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02470-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-06", "title": "Hydrazines as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Archaeal Ammonia Oxidation Pathway", "description": "

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are among the most numerous living organisms on Earth, and they play a pivotal role in the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Despite this, little is known about the physiology and metabolism of AOA.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Bacteria", "Hydroxylamines", "Archaea", "Nitrification", "Phenylhydrazines", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "Adenosine Triphosphate", "Hydrazines", "Ammonia", "Environmental Microbiology", "Humans", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Schatteman, Arne, Wright, Chlo\u00eb L., Crombie, Andrew T., Murrell, J. Colin, Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/97836/1/Schatteman_et_al_2022_EnvironmentalMicrobiology.pdf"}, {"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.02470-21"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02470-21"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02470-21", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02470-21", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02470-21"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.00698-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-23", "title": "Limitation of Microbial Processes at Saturation-Level Salinities in a Microbial Mat Covering a Coastal Salt Flat", "description": "

Due to their abilities to survive intense radiation and low water availability, hypersaline microbial mats are often suggested to be analogs of potential extraterrestrial life. However, even on Earth, the limitations imposed on microbial processes by saturation-level salinity have rarely been studied in situ . Soil microbes are highly diverse and control most soil biogeochemical reactions. We examined how microbial functional genes and biogeochemical pools responded to the altered chemical inputs accompanying land use change. We examined paired native grasslands and adjacentEucalyptusplantations (previously grassland) in Uruguay, a region that lacked forests before European settlement. Along with measurements of soil carbon, nitrogen, and bacterial diversity, we analyzed functional genes using the GeoChip 2.0 microarray, which simultaneously quantified several thousand genes involved in soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Plantations and grassland differed significantly in functional gene profiles, bacterial diversity, and biogeochemical pool sizes. Most grassland profiles were similar, but plantation profiles generally differed from those of grasslands due to differences in functional gene abundance across diverse taxa. Eucalypts decreased ammonification and N fixation functional genes by 11% and 7.9% (P< 0.01), which correlated with decreased microbial biomass N and more NH4+in plantation soils. Chitinase abundance decreased 7.8% in plantations compared to levels in grassland (P= 0.017), and C polymer-degrading genes decreased by 1.5% overall (P< 0.05), which likely contributed to 54% (P< 0.05) more C in undecomposed extractable soil pools and 27% less microbial C (P< 0.01) in plantation soils. In general, afforestation altered the abundance of many microbial functional genes, corresponding with changes in soil biogeochemistry, in part through altered abundance of overall functional gene types rather than simply through changes in specific taxa. Such changes in microbial functional genes correspond with altered C and N storage and have implications for long-term productivity in these soils.

", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Argentina", "Sequence Homology", "soil science", "Microbiology", "333", "Trees", "Soil", "afforestation", "Cluster Analysis", "Biology", "Soil Microbiology", "Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Bacteria", "Chitinases", "Biodiversity", "DNA", "Gene Pool", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "Microarray Analysis", "Carbon", "Uruguay", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Eucalyptus plantation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01126-09"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.01126-09", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.01126-09", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.01126-09"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.01536-06", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-14", "title": "Community Structure Of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Under Long-Term Application Of Mineral Fertilizer And Organic Manure In A Sandy Loam Soil", "description": "ABSTRACT

The effects of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and organic manure on the community structure of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was investigated in a long-term (16-year) fertilizer experiment. The experiment included seven treatments: organic manure, half organic manure N plus half fertilizer N, fertilizer NPK, fertilizer NP, fertilizer NK, fertilizer PK, and the control (without fertilization). N fertilization greatly increased soil nitrification potential, and mineral N fertilizer had a greater impact than organic manure, while N deficiency treatment (PK) had no significant effect. AOB community structure was analyzed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) of the amoA gene, which encodes the \uffce\uffb1 subunit of ammonia monooxygenase. DGGE profiles showed that the AOB community was more diverse in N-fertilized treatments than in the PK-fertilized treatment or the control, while one dominant band observed in the control could not be detected in any of the fertilized treatments. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the DGGE bands derived from N-fertilized treatments belonged to Nitrosospira cluster 3, indicating that N fertilization resulted in the dominance of Nitrosospira cluster 3 in soil. These results demonstrate that long-term application of N fertilizers could result in increased soil nitrification potential and the AOB community shifts in soil. Our results also showed the different effects of mineral fertilizer N versus organic manure N; the effects of P and K on the soil AOB community; and the importance of balanced fertilization with N, P, and K in promoting nitrification functions in arable soils.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Ammonia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Oxidoreductases", "Ecosystem", "Gammaproteobacteria", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01536-06"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.01536-06", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.01536-06", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.01536-06"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02209-19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-04", "title": "Casimicrobium huifangae gen. nov., sp. nov., a Ubiquitous \u201cMost-Wanted\u201d Core Bacterial Taxon from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants", "description": "

The activated sludge process is the most widely applied biotechnology and is one of the best ecosystems to address microbial ecological principles. Yet, the cultivation of core bacteria and the exploration of their physiology and ecology are limited. In this study, the core and novel bacterial taxon C. huifangae was cultivated and characterized. This study revealed that C. huifangae functioned as an important module hub in the activated sludge microbiome, and it potentially plays an important role in municipal wastewater treatment plants.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "activated sludge microbiome", "DATABASE", "DIVERSITY", "nitrogen and phosphorus removal", "GENOME ANNOTATION", "POLYPHOSPHATE-ACCUMULATING ORGANISMS", "12. Responsible consumption", "ACTIVATED-SLUDGE", "03 medical and health sciences", "SEARCH", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "11. Sustainability", "microbial network", "Phylogeny", "WWTP", "0303 health sciences", "IDENTIFICATION", "Sewage", "Microbiota", "Betaproteobacteria", "core taxa", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "COMMUNITY", "RNA", " Bacterial", "Casimicrobium huifangae", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL", "municipal wastewater treatment plant", "CARBON SOURCE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02209-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02209-19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02209-19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02209-19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02209-19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02453-08", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-07", "title": "A Vaccine Against Rumen Methanogens Can Alter The Composition Of Archaeal Populations", "description": "ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to formulate a vaccine based upon the different species/strains of methanogens present in sheep intended to be immunized and to determine if a targeted vaccine could be used to decrease the methane output of the sheep. Two 16S rRNA gene libraries were used to survey the methanogenic archaea in sheep prior to vaccination, and methanogens representing five phylotypes were found to account for >52% of the different species/strains of methanogens detected. A vaccine based on a mixture of these five methanogens was then formulated, and 32 sheep were vaccinated on days 0, 28, and 103 with either a control or the anti-methanogen vaccine. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis revealed that each vaccination with the anti-methanogen formulation resulted in higher specific immunoglobulin G titers in plasma, saliva, and rumen fluid. Methane output levels corrected for dry-matter intake for the control and treatment groups were not significantly different, and real-time PCR data also indicated that methanogen numbers were not significantly different for the two groups after the second vaccination. However, clone library data indicated that methanogen diversity was significantly greater in sheep receiving the anti-methanogen vaccine and that the vaccine may have altered the composition of the methanogen population. A correlation between 16S rRNA gene sequence relatedness and cross-reactivity for the methanogens ( R 2 = 0.90) also exists, which suggests that a highly specific vaccine can be made to target specific strains of methanogens and that a more broad-spectrum approach is needed for success in the rumen. Our data also suggest that methanogens take longer than 4 weeks to adapt to dietary changes and call into question the validity of experimental results based upon a 2- to 4-week acclimatization period normally observed for bacteria.

", "keywords": ["Rumen", "Molecular Sequence Data", "DNA", " Ribosomal", "630", "Antibodies", "Plasma", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "2402 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology", "Animals", "Saliva", "1106 Food Science", "2. Zero hunger", "Vaccines", "Gastric Juice", "Sheep", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Biodiversity", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Archaea", "3. Good health", "DNA", " Archaeal", "Immunoglobulin G", "1305 Biotechnology", "2303 Ecology", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02453-08"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02453-08", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02453-08", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02453-08"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02541-13", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-21", "title": "Impact Of Logging And Forest Conversion To Oil Palm Plantations On Soil Bacterial Communities In Borneo", "description": "ABSTRACT

Tropical forests are being rapidly altered by logging and cleared for agriculture. Understanding the effects of these land use changes on soil bacteria, which constitute a large proportion of total biodiversity and perform important ecosystem functions, is a major conservation frontier. Here we studied the effects of logging history and forest conversion to oil palm plantations in Sabah, Borneo, on the soil bacterial community. We used paired-end Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, V3 region, to compare the bacterial communities in primary, once-logged, and twice-logged forest and land converted to oil palm plantations. Bacteria were grouped into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 97% similarity level, and OTU richness and local-scale \uffce\uffb1-diversity showed no difference between the various forest types and oil palm plantations. Focusing on the turnover of bacteria across space, true \uffce\uffb2-diversity was higher in oil palm plantation soil than in forest soil, whereas community dissimilarity-based metrics of \uffce\uffb2-diversity were only marginally different between habitats, suggesting that at large scales, oil palm plantation soil could have higher overall \uffce\uffb3-diversity than forest soil, driven by a slightly more heterogeneous community across space. Clearance of primary and logged forest for oil palm plantations did, however, significantly impact the composition of soil bacterial communities, reflecting in part the loss of some forest bacteria, whereas primary and logged forests did not differ in composition. Overall, our results suggest that the soil bacteria of tropical forest are to some extent resilient or resistant to logging but that the impacts of forest conversion to oil palm plantations are more severe.

", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "0301 basic medicine", "Tropical Climate", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Agriculture", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "DNA", " Ribosomal", "333", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "Borneo", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02541-13"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02541-13", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02541-13", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02541-13"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02050-12", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-01", "title": "Response Of The Soil Microbial Community To Changes In Precipitation In A Semiarid Ecosystem", "description": "ABSTRACT

Microbial communities regulate many belowground carbon cycling processes; thus, the impact of climate change on the structure and function of soil microbial communities could, in turn, impact the release or storage of carbon in soils. Here we used a large-scale precipitation manipulation (+18%, \uffe2\uff88\uff9250%, or ambient) in a pi\uffc3\uffb1on-juniper woodland ( Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma ) to investigate how changes in precipitation amounts altered soil microbial communities as well as what role seasonal variation in rainfall and plant composition played in the microbial community response. Seasonal variability in precipitation had a larger role in determining the composition of soil microbial communities in 2008 than the direct effect of the experimental precipitation treatments. Bacterial and fungal communities in the dry, relatively moisture-limited premonsoon season were compositionally distinct from communities in the monsoon season, when soil moisture levels and periodicity varied more widely across treatments. Fungal abundance in the drought plots during the dry premonsoon season was particularly low and was 4.7 times greater upon soil wet-up in the monsoon season, suggesting that soil fungi were water limited in the driest plots, which may result in a decrease in fungal degradation of carbon substrates. Additionally, we found that both bacterial and fungal communities beneath pi\uffc3\uffb1on pine and juniper were distinct, suggesting that microbial functions beneath these trees are different. We conclude that predicting the response of microbial communities to climate change is highly dependent on seasonal dynamics, background climatic variability, and the composition of the associated aboveground community.

", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Rain", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Biota", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Juniperus", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Desert Climate", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02050-12"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02050-12", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02050-12", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02050-12"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02218-17", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-27", "title": "Impact of Peat Mining and Restoration on Methane Turnover Potential and Methane-Cycling Microorganisms in a Northern Bog", "description": "ABSTRACT

Ombrotrophic peatlands are a recognized global carbon reservoir. Without restoration and peat regrowth, harvested peatlands are dramatically altered, impairing their carbon sink function, with consequences for methane turnover. Previous studies determined the impact of commercial mining on the physicochemical properties of peat and the effects on methane turnover. However, the response of the underlying microbial communities catalyzing methane production and oxidation have so far received little attention. We hypothesize that with the return of Sphagnum spp. postharvest, methane turnover potential and the corresponding microbial communities will converge in a natural and restored peatland. To address our hypothesis, we determined the potential methane production and oxidation rates in natural (as a reference), actively mined, abandoned, and restored peatlands over two consecutive years. In all sites, the methanogenic and methanotrophic population sizes were enumerated using quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting the mcrA and pmoA genes, respectively. Shifts in the community composition were determined using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the mcrA gene and a pmoA -based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP) analysis, complemented by cloning and sequence analysis of the mmoX gene. Peat mining adversely affected methane turnover potential, but the rates recovered in the restored site. The recovery in potential activity was reflected in the methanogenic and methanotrophic abundances. However, the microbial community composition was altered, being more pronounced for the methanotrophs. Overall, we observed a lag between the recovery of the methanogenic/methanotrophic activity and the return of the corresponding microbial communities, suggesting that a longer duration (>15 years) is needed to reverse mining-induced effects on the methane-cycling microbial communities.

IMPORTANCE Ombrotrophic peatlands are a crucial carbon sink, but this environment is also a source of methane, an important greenhouse gas. Methane emission in peatlands is regulated by methane production and oxidation catalyzed by methanogens and methanotrophs, respectively. Methane-cycling microbial communities have been documented in natural peatlands. However, less is known of their response to peat mining and of the recovery of the community after restoration. Mining exerts an adverse impact on potential methane production and oxidation rates and on methanogenic and methanotrophic population abundances. Peat mining also induced a shift in the methane-cycling microbial community composition. Nevertheless, with the return of Sphagnum spp. in the restored site after 15 years, methanogenic and methanotrophic activity and population abundance recovered well. The recovery, however, was not fully reflected in the community composition, suggesting that >15 years are needed to reverse mining-induced effects.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "oxidation", "hiili", "ta1172", "Euryarchaeota", "630", "Mining", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Sphagnum", "Bacterial Proteins", "Nitrogen Fixation", "Sphagnopsida", "14. Life underwater", "ennallistaminen", "turvemaat", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "0303 health sciences", "nifH", "methane", "Microbiota", "ta1182", "land use", "methanogenesis", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "kasvihuonekaasup\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6t", "nitrogen fixation", "13. Climate action", "international", "Wetlands", "Oxygenases", "ta1181", "Methane", "Oxidation-Reduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02218-17"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02218-17"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02218-17", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02218-17", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02218-17"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.02388-19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-20", "title": "Inhibition of Ammonia Monooxygenase from Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea by Linear and Aromatic Alkynes", "description": "

Archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers (AOA and AOB, respectively) initiate nitrification by oxidizing ammonia to hydroxylamine, a reaction catalyzed by ammonia monooxygenase (AMO). AMO enzyme is difficult to purify in its active form, and its structure and biochemistry remain largely unexplored. The bacterial AMO and the closely related particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) have a broad range of hydrocarbon cooxidation substrates. This study provides insights into the AMO of previously unstudied archaeal genera, by comparing the response of the archaeal AMO, a bacterial AMO, and pMMO to inhibition by linear 1-alkynes and the aromatic alkyne, phenylacetylene. Reduced sensitivity to inhibition by larger alkynes suggests that the archaeal AMO has a narrower hydrocarbon substrate range than the bacterial AMO, as previously reported for other genera of AOA. Phenylacetylene inhibited the archaeal and bacterial AMOs at different thresholds and by different mechanisms of inhibition, highlighting structural differences between the two forms of monooxygenase.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ammonia", "Alkynes", "Environmental Microbiology", "Oxidoreductases", "Archaea"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/74406/2/Accepted_Manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/74406/8/Published_Version.pdf"}, {"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02388-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02388-19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02388-19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02388-19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02388-19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.69.3.1800-1809.2003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-06", "title": "Soil Type Is The Primary Determinant Of The Composition Of The Total And Active Bacterial Communities In Arable Soils", "description": "ABSTRACT

Degradation of agricultural land and the resulting loss of soil biodiversity and productivity are of great concern. Land-use management practices can be used to ameliorate such degradation. The soil bacterial communities at three separate arable farms in eastern England, with different farm management practices, were investigated by using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analyses, physiological analysis, and nucleic acid profiling. Organic farming did not necessarily result in elevated organic matter levels; instead, a strong association with increased nitrate availability was apparent. Ordination of the physiological (BIOLOG) data separated the soil bacterial communities into two clusters, determined by soil type. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of 16S ribosomal DNA identified three bacterial communities largely on the basis of soil type but with discrimination for pea cropping. Five fields from geographically distinct soils, with different cropping regimens, produced highly similar profiles. The active communities (16S rRNA) were further discriminated by farm location and, to some degree, by land-use practices. The results of this investigation indicated that soil type was the key factor determining bacterial community composition in these arable soils. Leguminous crops on particular soil types had a positive effect upon organic matter levels and resulted in small changes in the active bacterial population. The active population was therefore more indicative of short-term management changes.

", "keywords": ["Polymerase Chain Reaction", "geography", "630", "1000 Technology", "Soil", "soil type", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "C500 - Microbiology", "genetic polymorphism", "soil analysis", "Bacteria (microorganisms)", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "article", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "Biodiversity", "legume", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Bacterial Typing Techniques", "microbial community", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length", "0605 Microbiology", "Electrophoresis", "16S", "570", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "productivity", "RNA 16S", "soil microorganism", "0600 Biological Sciences", "DNA", " Ribosomal", "0700 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences", "controlled study", "community composition", "Polymorphism", "Pisum sativum", "Ecosystem", "Ribosomal", "nonhuman", "Bacteria", "bacterial flora", "land use", "DNA", "15. Life on land", "bacterial disease", "Restriction Fragment Length", "C180 - Ecology", "physiology", "RNA", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "bioavailability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.3.1800-1809.2003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.69.3.1800-1809.2003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.69.3.1800-1809.2003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.69.3.1800-1809.2003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/mBio.00799-17", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-19", "title": "Bacterial Physiological Adaptations to Contrasting Edaphic Conditions Identified Using Landscape Scale Metagenomics", "description": "Abstract

Environmental factors relating to soil pH are widely known to be important in structuring soil bacterial communities, yet the relationship between taxonomic community composition and functional diversity remains to be determined. Here, we analyze geographically distributed soils spanning a wide pH gradient and assess the functional gene capacity within those communities using whole genome metagenomics. Low pH soils consistently had fewer taxa (lower alpha and gamma diversity), but only marginal reductions in functional alpha diversity and equivalent functional gamma diversity. However, coherent changes in the relative abundances of annotated genes between pH classes were identified; with functional profiles clustering according to pH independent of geography. Differences in gene abundances were found to reflect survival and nutrient acquisition strategies, with organic-rich acidic soils harboring a greater abundance of cation efflux pumps, C and N direct fixation systems and fermentation pathways indicative of anaerobiosis. Conversely, high pH soils possessed more direct transporter-mediated mechanisms for organic C and N substrate acquisition. These findings show that bacterial functional versatility may not be constrained by taxonomy, and we further identify the range of physiological adaptations required to exist in soils of varying nutrient availability and edaphic conditions.

", "keywords": ["Q Science", "0301 basic medicine", "330", "Supplementary Data", "ecophysiology", "Ecophysiology", "NE/E006353/1", "Bacterial Physiological Phenomena", "Microbiology", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Virology", "European Commission", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "655240", "metagenomics", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "Q", "NE/M017125/1", "Biodiversity", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "soil microbiology", "QR1-502", "United Kingdom", "3. Good health", "Soil microbiology", "Metagenomics", "Genome", " Bacterial", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/117887v1.full.pdf"}, {"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mBio.00799-17"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00799-17"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mBio", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/mBio.00799-17", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/mBio.00799-17", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/mBio.00799-17"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-14", "description": "Soil management is fundamental to all agricultural systems and fertilization practices have contributed substantially to the impressive increases in food production. Despite the pivotal role of soil microorganisms in agro-ecosystems, we still have a limited understanding of the complex response of the soil microbiota to organic and mineral fertilization in the very long-term. Here, we report the effects of different fertilization regimes (mineral, organic and combined mineral and organic fertilization), carried out for more than a century, on the structure and activity of the soil microbiome. Organic matter content, nutrient concentrations, and microbial biomass carbon were significantly increased by mineral, and even more strongly by organic fertilization. Pyrosequencing revealed significant differences between the structures of bacterial and fungal soil communities associated to each fertilization regime. Organic fertilization increased bacterial diversity, and stimulated microbial groups (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Zygomycota) that are known to prefer nutrient-rich environments, and that are involved in the degradation of complex organic compounds. In contrast, soils not receiving manure harbored distinct microbial communities enriched in oligotrophic organisms adapted to nutrient-limited environments, as Acidobacteria. The fertilization regime also affected the relative abundances of plant beneficial and detrimental microbial taxa, which may influence productivity and stability of the agroecosystem. As expected, the activity of microbial exoenzymes involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous mineralization were enhanced by both types of fertilization. However, in contrast to comparable studies, the highest chitinase and phosphatase activities were observed in the solely mineral fertilized soil. Interestingly, these two enzymes showed also a particular high biomass-specific activities and a strong negative relation with soil pH. As many soil parameters are known to change slowly, the particularity of unchanged fertilization treatments since 1902 allows a profound assessment of linkages between management and abiotic as well as biotic soil parameters. Our study revealed that pH and TOC were the majors, while nitrogen and phosphorous pools were minors, drivers for structure and activity of the soil microbial community. Due to the long-term treatments studied, our findings likely represent permanent and stable, rather than transient, responses of soil microbial communities to fertilization.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "long-term fertilization", "microbial biomass", "15. Life on land", "microbial activity", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "soil microbial communities", "soil nutrients", "454 pyrosequencing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.63.12.4734-4740.1997", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-06", "title": "Spatial Distribution And Inhibition By Ammonium Of Methane Oxidation In Intertidal Freshwater Marshes.", "description": "

In two intertidal marshes, the vertical distribution in the sediment and inhibition by ammonium of methane oxidation were investigated by slurry incubation experiments. The two sites differ in their dominant vegetation type, i.e., reed and bulrush, and in their heights above sea level. The reed site was elevated with respect to the bulrush site, resulting in a lower frequency and duration of flooding and, consequently, a higher potential for methane oxidation. Methane oxidation decreased with depth in the bulrush and reed slurries, although methane oxidation associated with root material from the bulrush plants increased with depth. Reed root material had a limited capacity for methane oxidation and showed no significant increase with depth. Inhibition of methane oxidation by ammonium was observed in all samples and depended on methane and ammonium concentrations. Increasing ammonium concentrations resulted in greater inhibition, and increasing methane concentrations resulted in less. Ammonium concentrations had to exceed methane concentrations by at least 30-fold to become effective for inhibition. This ratio was found only in the surface layer of the sediment. Hence, the ecological relevance for ammonium inhibition of methane oxidation in intertidal marshes is rather limited and is restricted to the surface layer. Nitrate production was restricted to the 0- to 5-cm-depth slurries.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biologie", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nat, F.J.W.A. van der, Brouwer, J.F.C. de, Middelburg, J.J., Laanbroek, H.J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.63.12.4734-4740.1997"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.63.12.4734-4740.1997", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.63.12.4734-4740.1997", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.63.12.4734-4740.1997"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.71.5.2713-2722.2005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-03", "title": "Changes In Nitrogen-Fixing And Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities In Soil Of A Mixed Conifer Forest After Wildfire", "description": "ABSTRACT

This study was undertaken to examine the effects of forest fire on two important groups of N-cycling bacteria in soil, the nitrogen-fixing and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Sequence and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of nifH and amoA PCR amplicons was performed on DNA samples from unburned, moderately burned, and severely burned soils of a mixed conifer forest. PCR results indicated that the soil biomass and proportion of nitrogen-fixing and ammonia-oxidizing species was less in soil from the fire-impacted sites than from the unburned sites. The number of dominant nifH sequence types was greater in fire-impacted soils, and nifH sequences that were most closely related to those from the spore-forming taxa Clostridium and Paenibacillus were more abundant in the burned soils. In T-RFLP patterns of the ammonia-oxidizing community, terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) representing amoA cluster 1, 2, or 4 Nitrosospira spp. were dominant (80 to 90%) in unburned soils, while TRFs representing amoA cluster 3A Nitrosospira spp. dominated (65 to 95%) in fire-impacted soils. The dominance of amoA cluster 3A Nitrosospira spp. sequence types was positively correlated with soil pH (5.6 to 7.5) and NH 3 -N levels (0.002 to 0.976 ppm), both of which were higher in burned soils. The decreased microbial biomass and shift in nitrogen-fixing and ammonia-oxidizing communities were still evident in fire-impacted soils collected 14 months after the fire.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Base Sequence", "Molecular Sequence Data", "15. Life on land", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Fires", "Trees", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ammonia", "Nitrogen Fixation", "Oxidoreductases", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chris M. Yeager, Diana E. Northup, Susan M. Barns, Cheryl R. Kuske, Christy C. Grow,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.5.2713-2722.2005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.71.5.2713-2722.2005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.71.5.2713-2722.2005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.71.5.2713-2722.2005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msystems.00226-20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-06", "title": "Tracking the Dairy Microbiota from Farm Bulk Tank to Skimmed Milk Powder", "description": "

Microorganisms can enter and persist in dairy at several stages of the processing chain. Detection of microorganisms within dairy food processing is currently a time-consuming and often inaccurate process. This study provides evidence that high-throughput sequencing can be used as an effective tool to accurately identify microorganisms along the processing chain. In addition, it demonstrates that the populations of microbes change from raw milk to the end product. Routine implementation of high-throughput sequencing would elucidate the factors that influence population dynamics. This will enable a manufacturer to adopt control measures specific to each stage of processing and respond in an effective manner, which would ultimately lead to increased food safety and quality.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "metagenomics", "0303 health sciences", "whole-milk silo", "collection tanker", "bulk tank milk", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "skimmed milk silo", "skimmed milk powder", "microbiota", "dairy", "processing", "16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00226-20"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00226-20"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00226-20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00226-20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00226-20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-13", "title": "Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems", "description": "

Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the energetic mechanisms and trophic dynamics that underpin microbial function in desert ecosystems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dormancy is a common strategy that facilitates microbial survival in response to water and carbon limitation.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "dormancy", "CYANOBACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES", "Trace gas", "Microbiology", "SOIL CRUSTS", "Energy reserve", "HIGH-AFFINITY", "03 medical and health sciences", "trace gas", "ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES", "Energetics", "energy reserve", "Dormancy", "SOR RONDANE MOUNTAINS", "Desert", "Photosynthesis", "106026 Ecosystem research", "CARBON-MONOXIDE", "desert", "ATACAMA DESERT", "energetics", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "photosynthesis", "COMMUNITY RESPONSE", "15. Life on land", "QR1-502", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "DRY SOIL", "13. Climate action", "MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN", "106022 Microbiology", "Minireview"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00495-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00495-19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00495-19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msystems.00786-20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-11", "title": "Distribution of Mixotrophy and Desiccation Survival Mechanisms across Microbial Genomes in an Arid Biological Soil Crust Community", "description": "

This study represents a comprehensive community-wide genome-centered metagenome analysis of biological soil crust (BSC) communities in arid environments, providing insights into the distribution of genes encoding different energy generation mechanisms, as well as survival strategies, among populations in an arid soil ecosystem. It reveals the metabolic potential of several uncultured and previously unsequenced microbial genera, families, and orders, as well as differences in the metabolic potential between the most abundant BSC populations and their cultured relatives, highlighting once more the danger of inferring function on the basis of taxonomy.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "BACTERIAL", "dormancy", "Survival", "RUBROBACTER-RADIOTOLERANS", "DIVERSITY", "Biological soil crust", "survival", "Microbiology", "7. Clean energy", "biological soil crust", "03 medical and health sciences", "mixotrophy", "Dormancy", "Mixotrophy", "SPORULATION", "COLORADO PLATEAU", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "metagenomics", "0303 health sciences", "ARTHROBACTER-RADIOTOLERANS", "15. Life on land", "XYLANOPHILUS", "QR1-502", "SP NOV.", "SURVIVAL", "106022 Microbiology", "RADIATION", "Metagenomics", "MEMBERS", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00786-20"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00786-20"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00786-20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00786-20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00786-20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-23T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Biolog&offset=2750&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Biolog&offset=2750&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Biolog&offset=2700", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Biolog&offset=2800", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4975, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T13:58:43.630729Z"}