{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2011.12.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-11", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment And Drought Stress On Maize Growth", "description": "Abstract   Predicting future maize yields requires quantifying anticipated climate change impacts on maize growth and yield. In the present study, maize was grown over 2 years (2007 and 2008) under sufficient (WET) and reduced water supply (DRY) and under ambient (378\u00a0\u03bcl\u00a0l \u22121 , AMB) and elevated (550\u00a0\u03bcl\u00a0l \u22121 , FACE) atmospheric CO 2  concentration ([CO 2 ]) using free air CO 2  enrichment (FACE). The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that maize growth does not respond to elevated [CO 2 ] under WET but under DRY conditions due to an increase of water use efficiency (WUE) of biomass production realized through reduced transpiration. Moreover, in 2008 soil cover was varied to test whether mitigation of evaporation by straw mulch increases the CO 2  effect on WUE. The DRY treatment received 12% and 48% less water than the WET treatment in 2007 and 2008, respectively, which was achieved with the aid of rainout shelters. In the first year, drought stress was insignificant and crop growth was similar among the two watering regimes. CO 2  enrichment did not affect crop growth in 2007 and also in the WET treatment of 2008. In the second year, a pronounced drought stress decreased green leaf index, accumulated seasonal radiation absorption and radiation use efficiency (RUE) significantly. However, these effects were mitigated by CO 2  enrichment and the decrease of RUE was higher under AMB (\u221218%) than under FACE (\u22122%) conditions. In the DRY treatment in 2008, CO 2  enrichment significantly increased final biomass (+24%) and grain yield (+41%) as compared to the DRY AMB treatment. CO 2  enrichment significantly increased soil water content under WET and DRY conditions but did not affect the soil water exploitation. There was a significant interaction of [CO 2 ] and water supply on WUE with no (2007) or a small CO 2 -response (+10% in 2008) under WET and a strong effect under DRY conditions in 2008 (+25%). Soil cover did not intensify the CO 2  effect on WUE. It is concluded that maize will benefit from the increase in [CO 2 ] only under drought but not under sufficient water supply.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2011.12.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2011.12.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2011.12.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2011.12.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Integrated organic and inorganic fertilization and reduced irrigation altered prokaryotic microbial community and diversity in different compartments of wheat root zone contributing to improved nitrogen uptake and wheat yield", "description": "Open AccessThe effect of long-term water and integrated fertilization on prokaryotic microorganisms and their regulation for crop nutrient uptake remains unknown. Therefore, the impact of soil water and integrated fertilization after eight years on prokaryotic microbial communities in different compartments of root zone and their association with wheat nitrogen (N) absorption and yield were investigated. The results showed that compared with fertilization treatments (F), water regimes (W) more drastically modulated the prokaryotic microbial community structure and diversity in bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere. The increase of irrigation improved the prokaryotic diversity in the rhizosphere and endosphere while decreased the diversity in the bulk soil. Application of organic fertilizers significantly improved soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient contents, increased rhizosphere and endophytic prokaryotic microbial diversity, and elevated the relative abundance of aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification-related functional microorganisms in rhizosphere and endosphere. Increasing irrigation elevated the relative abundance of functional microorganisms related to aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification in the rhizosphere and endosphere. Soil water content (SWC) and NH4+-N as well as NO3\u2212-N were key predictors of prokaryotic microbial community composition under W and F treatments, respectively. Appropriate application of irrigation and organic fertilizers increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria such as Flavobacterium. Water and fertilization treatments regulated the prokaryotic microbial communities of bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere by altering SWC and SOM, and provided evidence for the modulation of prokaryotic microorganisms to promote nitrogen uptake and wheat yield under long-term irrigation and fertilization. Conclusively, the addition of organic manure (50 %) with inorganic fertilizers (50 %) and reduced amount of irrigation (pre-sowing and jointing-period irrigation) decreased the application amount of chemical fertilizers and water, while increased SOM and nutrient content, improved prokaryotic diversity, and changed prokaryotic microbial community structure in the wheat root zone, resulting in enhanced nutrient uptake and wheat yield.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Microorganism", "Microbial population biology", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Fertilizers", "Biology", "Irrigation", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Physicochemical factors", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Water", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Human fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Rhizosphere", "Bulk soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Prokaryotic microorganisms", "Endosphere", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-04", "title": "Changes Of Soil Properties And Tree Performance Induced By Soil Management In A High-Density Olive Orchard", "description": "Abstract   Long-term effects of plant covers on yield and oil quality in olive orchards are poorly known. We compared performance of  Olea europaea  trees grown under either tillage (CT) or permanent natural cover (NC) in a sandy-loam soil over five years and determined changes in soil properties. The soil was tilled from the year of planting until the end of the second growing season, when both soil management treatments were established. The CT treatment was kept weed-free using a harrow with vertical blades (0.10\u00a0m depth), whereas the NC was obtained by letting the natural flora grow. Trees were fully irrigated until year 3 after planting, when deficit irrigation (about 50% of full) was started for both soil treatments. Trunk cross sectional area (TCSA) of NC trees was 77 and 87% to that of CT trees at the end of the 2006 and 2010 growing seasons, respectively. Fruit yield and oil yield of NC trees were 65 and 69% to those of CT ones, respectively (means of five years), however, when expressed on a TCSA basis, they resulted 87 and 95%, respectively. The fruit number of NC trees was lower than CT ones, whereas the oil content was similar. There were no differences in free acidity, peroxide value, spectrophotometric indexes, and fatty acid composition, but phenolic concentrations of the NC treatment were slightly higher than those of CT oils. Soil macroporosity in the topsoil was 5.2 and 2% for the NC and CT treatments, respectively. Water infiltration rate in CT plots was lower than in NC ones because of soil surface crusting; NC had higher values of total organic carbon and total extractable carbon than CT, whereas the humic carbon content was unaffected.", "keywords": ["Olea europaea L.; Oil quality; Plant cover; Soil macroporosity; Tillage; Water infiltration.", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.02.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-06", "title": "Long-Term No Tillage Increased Soil Organic Carbon Content Of Rain-Fed Cereal Systems In A Mediterranean Area", "description": "Abstract   The differential impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) of applying no tillage (NT) compared to conventional tillage (CT, i.e. mouldboard ploughing), along with three rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application (0, 90 and 180\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0y \u22121 ), was studied under rain-fed Mediterranean conditions in a long-term experiment based on a durum wheat\u2013maize rotation, in which crop residues were left on the soil (NT) or incorporated (CT). Observed SOC content following 8 and 12\u00a0years of continuous treatment application was significantly higher in the top 10\u00a0cm of the soil under NT than CT, but it was similar in the 10\u201340\u00a0cm layer. NT grain yields for both maize and durum wheat were below those attained under CT (on average 32% and 14% lower respectively) at a given rate of N fertilizer application. Soil, climate and crop data over 5\u00a0years were used to calibrate DSSAT model in order to simulate the impact of the different management practices over a 50-year period. Good agreement was obtained between observed and simulated values for crops grain yield, above-ground biomass and observed SOC values. Results from the simulations showed that under NT the weeds growing during the intercrop fallow period made a significant contribution to the observed SOC increase. When the contribution of the weed fallow was considered, NT significantly increased SOC in the top 40\u00a0cm of the soil at an average rate of 0.43, 0.31 and 0.03\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  per year, respectively for 180, 90 and 0\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 , within the simulated 50\u00a0years. Under CT, a significant SOC increase was simulated under N180 and a significant decrease when no fertilizer was supplied.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2012.02.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.02.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.02.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2012.02.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-07", "title": "Enhancing Soil Nutrient Dynamics And Productivity Of Basmati Rice Through Residue Incorporation And Zinc Fertilization", "description": "Abstract   Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of summer green manuring crops (SGMCs) and zinc (Zn) fertilization on soil biological properties, nutrient dynamics and productivity of Basmati rice, during summer\u2013rainy (kharif, April\u2013November) seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. Among the SGMCs, Sesbania aculeata added the highest crop residue, i.e. 38.56\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 leading to recycling of 180.5, 22.6 and 267.8\u00a0kg\u00a0N, P, K ha\u22121 (mean of 2\u00a0years). Incorporation of S. aculeata also led to a significant increase in the succeeding Basmati rice grain yield which was 2.38%, 4.14%, and 10.82% higher over cowpea, mungbean and summer fallow, respectively. Among the different sources, levels and methods of Zn application, application of 2.0% Zn-enriched urea (ZEU) as ZnSO4\u00b7H2O was found to be best with respect to total uptake of N, P, K and Zn by rice and also soil biological properties, especially enhanced alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate activities and microbial biomass C. Application of 2.0% ZEU as ZnSO4\u00b7H2O recorded the highest Basmati rice grain yield, i.e. 3.79\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 and the increase was registered to the tune of 12.78%, 2.43%, 3.26%, 5.71%, 7.05% and 5.27% over control (only N), 2.0% ZEU as ZnO, 5\u00a0kg\u00a0Zn\u00a0ha\u22121 as ZnSO4\u00b7H2O, 5\u00a0kg\u00a0Zn\u00a0ha\u22121 as ZnO, 0.5\u00a0kg Zn as ZnO slurry and 1.0\u00a0kg Zn through 0.2% foliar spray, respectively. Our results clearly indicated that incorporation of S. aculeata SGMC residue in conjunction with 2% ZEU as ZnSO4\u00b7H2O significantly enhanced soil microbial activities, which are vital for the nutrient turnover and long-term productivity of soil, leading to enhanced productivity of Basmati rice.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2012.03.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.06.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-30", "title": "Agricultural Use Of Digestate For Horticultural Crop Production And Improvement Of Soil Properties", "description": "Abstract   The usefulness of a digestate from an anaerobic codigestion process as a fertiliser product was evaluated in a field experiment using two horticultural crops (watermelon and cauliflower), during two successive growing seasons. The effects of the digestate were compared with those of a traditional organic amendment (cattle manure) and a conventional mineral fertiliser. Digestate addition to soil provided a source of available nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the short-term and had positive effects on soil biological properties such as microbial biomass and enzyme activities, compared to the non-amended soil. The digestate application to soil led to yields comparable to the mineral fertilisation for the summer watermelon crop. However, for the winter cauliflower crop, only plots treated with the mineral fertiliser had good production. Nitrogen from the digestate is rapidly and highly available for plant growth in the short-term but also can be easily lost, together with a slow rate of microbial processes due to low temperatures, could reduce the fertilising capacity of the digestate. This seemed to be the main limiting factor for the winter cauliflower crop, where digestate or cattle manure, used as basal dressing, were not enough to satisfy the crop demand for nitrogen during its whole growth cycle.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2012.06.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.06.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.06.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2012.06.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-24", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Repeated Mineral And Organic Fertilizer Applications On Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen In A Semi-Arid Cropland", "description": "Abstract   To meet and the ever increasing need for food and mitigation of global climate changes, plenty of fertilizers have been used to increase crop yield in China, especially in semi-arid regions. In this study, we investigated the impacts of long-term fertilization on wheat yields, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil nitrogen (N) in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China. One fallow and eight winter wheat-wheat ( Triticum aestivum  L.) rotation cropping plots were selected for the field experiment from 1984 to 2010 in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China. In total we conducted eight fertilization treatments including no fertilizer, mineral nitrogen fertilizer (N), mineral phosphate (P), cattle manure (M), N\u00a0+\u00a0P, N\u00a0+\u00a0M, P\u00a0+\u00a0M and N\u00a0+\u00a0P\u00a0+\u00a0M. In 2010, we collected three replicate soil samples from each plot to the depth of 100\u00a0cm from soil surface. Meanwhile, soil bulk density, SOC, total N, and mineral N (ammonium and nitrate), wheat grain and aboveground biomass yields in each plot were measured. We found that mineral fertilizers, especially those applied together with cattle manure, increased winter wheat grain and aboveground biomass yields dramatically. Moreover, wheat biomass was found to have significant correlation with SOC and soil total N in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm soil layer. We also found that SOC and soil N were highest in the topsoil layers (0\u201330\u00a0cm) than other layers and declined to the depth of 50\u00a0cm with insignificant changes from 50 to 100\u00a0cm in all treatments. Compared to the data in 1984, fertilizer application increased surface soil SOC content, especially for the N\u00a0+\u00a0P\u00a0+\u00a0M treatment after 26 years cropping and fertilization. However, changes in soil total N and mineral N differed from SOC with decreasing N in mineral-fertilized and fallow plots but increasing N in the M-fertilized plots.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shangguan Zhouping, Zhang Fuping, Gan Zhuo-ting, Zhou Zheng-chao, Zhou Zheng-chao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-18", "title": "Effects Of Soil Tillage And Fertilization On Resource Efficiency And Greenhouse Gas Emissions In A Long-Term Field Experiment In Southern Germany", "description": "Abstract   Two factorial long-term field experiments were carried out at the experimental site of Scheyern, located in southern Germany, 40\u00a0km north of Munich (48\u00b030\u20320\u2032 N, 11\u00b026\u203260\u2032 E). Here three soil tillage systems were investigated: CT (conventional tillage with moldboard plough, 25\u00a0cm plowing depth), RT1 (reduced tillage with chisel plow, 18\u00a0cm working depth), and RT2 (reduced tillage with chisel plow, 8\u00a0cm working depth). At the same time, three fertilization systems were analyzed (high (N3), medium (N2) and low (N1) mineral N input) with a crop rotation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) \u2013 potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) \u2013 winter wheat\u2013corn (Zea mays L.). The long-term effects of tillage and fertilization on yields, soil properties, nitrogen and energy efficiency, as well as greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) were investigated for the period of 1994\u20132005.  On average conventional tillage (CT) produced yields of 8.03 (N1), 8.82 (N2) and 8.88 (N3) GE (grain equivalents) ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121; reduced tillage (RT1) yields of 7.82 (N1), 8.54 (N2) and 9.10 (N3) GE ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 and RT2 yields of 6.9 (N1), 7.82 (N2) and 8.6 (N3) GE ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121.  The benefit of reduced soil tillage over CT is a lower consumption of diesel fuel (reduced by 35%) and fossil energy (by 10%), C sequestration and N accumulation in soil. We recorded the highest soil organic carbon (SOC) in the RT2 treatments with the lowest tillage intensity (52.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) and the lowest SOC reserves in the CT plowed treatments (41.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121). During the reported period, SOC reserves in the plowed treatments decreased by about 300\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121, whereas they increased by 150\u2013500\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 in the chiseled treatments. Similar results were achieved with the soil organic nitrogen (SON) reserves based on the type of tillage. This amounted to around 4000\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 (CT), 4500\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 (RT1) and more than 5000\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 (RT2).  The RT1 treatments were marked by high nutrient and energy efficiency. The disadvantage of reduced tillage lies in higher pesticide consumption and stronger soil compaction. The influence of reduced tillage was more pronounced in RT2 than in RT1 (higher SOC and SON content, higher soil dry bulk density, lower consumption of diesel fuel, higher pesticide input). The significant decreases in yield in the RT2 treatments reduced the nitrogen and energy efficiency and raised yield-related greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) in comparison to the RT1 treatments. In the case of reduced tillage combined with high N doses (RT1/N3, RT2/N2, RT2/N3), high N2O emissions of 10 to 12\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 were measured using closed chambers. It was found that as input of mineral N increased, GGE for tillage treatments, both area and yield related also increased. In RT1/N1, negative net GGE were recorded due to high C sequestration combined with moderate N2O and CO2 emissions (-220\u00a0kg CO2 eq ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121, \u221228\u00a0kg CO2 eq GE\u22121), whereas CT/N3 produced the highest net GGE (3587\u00a0kg CO2 eq ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121, 404\u00a0kg CO2 eq GE\u22121).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-26", "title": "Agronomic Performance, Carbon Storage And Nitrogen Utilisation Of Long-Term Organic And Conventional Stockless Arable Systems In Mediterranean Area", "description": "Abstract   The Montepaldi Long Term Experiment (MOLTE) trial in central Italy has been comparing three agroecosystems with different management: two organic (Old Organic since 1992 and Young Organic since 2001) and one conventional. After sixteen years of comparison, the agronomic performance and environmental sustainability of the three agro-ecosystems were assessed. Crops grain yield, total C inputs and N budget at field level were evaluated. N use efficiency (NUE) at micro-agroecosystem level was determined. Soil samples were collected from the three agroecosystems in order to quantify soil C and N pools.  Results showed comparable grain yields in the three agro-ecosystems. The conventional system showed a larger N surplus and a lower crop N use efficiency in comparison with the organic ones. Moreover, the organic systems presented a lower potential risk of N losses with respect to the conventional one. The Young Organic agro-ecosystem was the most effective in terms of long term soil C (13% higher than conventional) and the oldest organic agro-ecosystem was the most effective in terms of soil N storage (9% higher than conventional).  The results obtained demonstrated that the application of the organic farming method could increase the environmental sustainability in stockless arable systems under Mediterranean type of climate.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Organic farming; Long term field experiment; Nitrogen balance and efficiency; Soil carbon sequestration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-10-17", "title": "Impact Of A Woody Biochar On Properties Of A Sandy Loam Soil And Spring Barley During A Two-Year Field Experiment", "description": "Abstract   Biochar is often proposed to increase soil quality and crop yield, while sequestering carbon. Despite the growing number of studies in temperate regions, the claimed positive effects are still unsure for northwestern European soils. Moreover, there is a need to upscale results from lab and pot studies in these soil types to field experiments.  The objectives of this study were therefore to investigate the effect of biochar application to a temperate agricultural soil on soil chemical, physical and biological properties, and on crop growth and nutrient uptake under field circumstances. A field trial, located in Merelbeke (Belgium), was established in October 2011 and monitored until August 2013. The biochar applied was produced from a mixture of hard- and softwood at 480\u00a0\u00b0C. The biochar dose was 0 (control) or 20\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 (on dry weight basis). Over two years, biochar addition to soil did not affect soil chemical properties, except for organic carbon content and C:N ratios. Effects on bulk density, porosity and soil water retention curves were non-consistent over time, possibly due to interaction with tillage operations. Biochar increased soil water content in 2012, although mostly not significantly. However, in 2013, when soil water content was overall lower compared to 2012, it was not affected by biochar addition. Soil temperature, as measured at a soil depth interval of 8\u201320\u00a0cm, was not changed by biochar addition. Furthermore, biochar addition to soil did only slightly influence soil microbiological community structure during the first year after biochar application, as only certain bacterial biomarker PLFAs were significantly affected by biochar addition, but no fungal biomarker PLFAs. Hence, it was not surprising that biochar addition did not affect crop yield, N or P uptake during the first two years after biochar application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2014.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.02.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-25", "title": "Surface Liming And Nitrogen Fertilization For Crop Grain Production Under No-Till Management In Brazil", "description": "Abstract   Supplying a large amount of NO3\u2212 in the subsurface can be a strategy to combat subsoil acidity under no-till systems. However, soil acidification caused by ammoniacal fertilizers can increase both aluminum toxicity and lime requirement. A field experiment was performed in the period from 2004 to 2012 in Parana State, Brazil, on a loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludox to evaluate the effects of surface liming and ammoniacal fertilization on soil chemical attributes and yields of crops in rotation under continuous no-till. The region has a mesothermal, humid subtropical climate, with mild summer, frequent frosts during the winter, and no defined dry season. The average altitude is 970\u00a0m and the annual precipitation is about 1550\u00a0mm. The treatments consisted of annual applications of NH4NO3 at 0, 60, 120, and 180\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 to subplots within plots with surface-applied lime previously at 0, 4, 8, and 12\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121, calculated to raise the base saturation in the topsoil (0\u201320\u00a0cm) to 40, 65, and 90%. Lime was broadcast on the soil surface in May 2004. The nitrogen rates were applied during the period from 2004 to 2011 in top dressing at tillering of winter crops [black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)], before growing corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) or bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) during the summer (2004\u20132012).  Surface-applied lime under no-till was effective in alleviating soil acidity from the soil surface to a 20\u00a0cm depth. The soil pH increased in the layers below the soil surface to 20\u00a0cm depth during a 6 years period following surface lime application. Ammoniacal fertilization had an acidifying effect and did not change the effectiveness of surface applied lime to alleviate subsoil acidity. Soil organic matter content was higher in the upper few centimeters under no-till and remained unchanged over time after surface liming and ammoniacal fertilization. Increasing the rate and frequency of ammoniacal fertilizer application increased crop response to surface liming, but did not change the lime requirement to achieve higher crop grain yields. The lime rate estimated by the soil base saturation method at 70% in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth was appropriate for surface liming recommendation, even when substantial amounts of ammoniacal fertilizer were applied in a no-till system. The results suggest that nitrogen fertilizer use for winter crops could be dramatically reduced in areas under a continuous no-till system, particularly where lime has been applied.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.02.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.02.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.02.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2015.02.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-14", "title": "Conservation Agriculture Effects On Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation And Crop Productivity Under A Rice-Wheat Cropping System In The Western Indo-Gangetic Plains", "description": "Abstract   Retention of carbon (C) in arable soils has been considered as a potential mechanism to mitigate soil degradation and to sustain crop productivity. Hence, we appraised the 3-year effect of different conservation agriculture (CA) practices on grain yield, biomass productivity and soil organic C (SOC) accumulation rates under a tropical rice ( Oryza sativa  L.)-wheat ( Triticum aestivum  L.) and rice\u2013wheat\u2013green gram (mungbean in Hindi;  Vigna radiata ) cropping systems. Results indicate mean (of three years) rice grain yield under mungbean residue\u00a0+\u00a0direct seeded rice (DSR) followed by zero tilled wheat (ZTW) with rice residue (RR) retention and zero tilled relay summer mungbean (MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB) plots was similar to farmers\u2019 practice [transplanted rice (TPR)- conventionally tilled wheat (CTW)], despite TPR-CTW plots had \u223c18% higher rice yield than MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB plots in the first year. The MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB treated plots had about 15 and 10% higher mean wheat grain yield and mean system productivity (sum of grain yields of all crops) than TPR-CTW plots, respectively. The plots under DSR\u00a0+\u00a0brown manuring (BM)-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR plots had comparable mean rice and wheat yields to MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR- ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB plots. Harvestable aboveground biomass productivity of MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB treated plots was \u223c2.89\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121  higher than TPR-CTW. Total estimated C input (\u223c12.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121  in three years) under MBR\u00a0 +\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB treated plots was \u223c117 and 127% higher than DSR-ZTW and TPR-CTW treatments, respectively. All CA plots had significantly higher gain (over initial value) in total SOC than that in TPR-CTW and TPR-ZTW treatments in the 0\u201315\u00a0cm layer and the gain in total SOC in the plots under MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR- ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB was significantly higher than all CA plots, despite having similar total SOC stocks. Again, plots under MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB had \u223c24% larger labile C pools than that of TPR-CTW (3.1\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 ) treated plots in the topsoil. Soil bulk density under MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR- ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB and DSR\u00a0+\u00a0BM-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR treated plots significantly decreased in the 5\u201315\u00a0cm layer compared to TPR-CTW plots. Thus, the MBR\u00a0+\u00a0DSR-ZTW\u00a0+\u00a0RR-ZTMB treatment (a novel CA practice), has considerable potential to retain C in surface soil, decrease soil compaction and increase system (rice\u2013wheat\u2013green gram) productivity and hence its adoption is recommended.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2015.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-25", "title": "The Effect Of Tillage System And Residue Management On Grain Yield And Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Winter Wheat In A Cool Atlantic Climate", "description": "Abstract   The effects of soil tillage and straw management systems on the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum  L. em. Thell.) were evaluated in a cool Atlantic climate, in central Ireland between 2009 and 2011. Two tillage systems, conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT) each with and without incorporation of the straw of the preceding crop, were compared at five levels of fertiliser N (0, 140, 180, 220 and 260\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ).  CT had a significantly higher mean grain yield over the three years but the effect of tillage varied between years. Yields did not differ in 2009 (Year 1), while CT produced significantly higher grain yields in 2010 (Year 2), while RT produced the highest yields in 2011 (Year 3). Straw incorporation had no significant effect in any year.  Nitrogen application significantly increased the grain yields of all establishment treatment combinations. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ranged from 14.6 to 62.4\u00a0kg grain (85% DM)\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121  and decreased as N fertiliser rate was increased.  The CT system had a significantly higher mean NUE over the three years but the effect of tillage varied with years. While there was no tillage effect in years 1 and 3, CT had a significantly higher NUE than RT in year 2. Straw management system had minimal effect on NUE in any year.  The effect of tillage and N rate on soil mineral N content also varied between years. While there was no tillage effect in years 1 and 3, RT had significantly larger soil N contents than CT in the spring before N application, and post-harvest in year 2. N application rates had no effect on soil N in year 1, increased residual N content in year 2 and had an inconsistent effect in year 3. Straw management had no significant effect on soil mineral N content.  These results indicate that RT establishment systems can be used to produce similar winter wheat yields to CT systems in a cool Atlantic climate, providing weather conditions at establishment are favourable. The response to nitrogen is similar with both tillage systems where the crop is successfully established. Straw management system has very little effect on crop performance or nitrogen uptake.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "4. Education", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.11.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-27", "title": "Integrative Effects Of Soil Tillage And Straw Management On Crop Yields And Greenhouse Gas Emissions In A Rice-Wheat Cropping System", "description": "Abstract   Significant efforts have been made to assess the impact of tillage regimes on crop yields and/or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across single crop growing season. However, few studies have quantified the impact across a whole rotation cycle in multiple cropping systems. Utilizing on a long-term tillage experiment with the rice\u2013wheat rotation system in East China, we examined the GHG emissions under different tillage practices with or without crop straw incorporation. Results showed that compared to the no-straw control, straw incorporation increased wheat yield by 28.3% ( P  4  emissions during the wheat season and N 2 O emissions during the whole rice\u2013wheat cycle, it significantly stimulated CH 4  emissions by 98.8% ( P  4  and N 2 O emissions between tillage practices during the wheat season. Compared to plowing, rotary tillage increased CH 4  emissions significantly by an average of 38.8% ( P  2 O emissions during the rice season. Across the rotation cycle, annual yield-scaled global warming potential of CH 4  and N 2 O emissions under no-tillage plus rotary tillage was 26.8% ( P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Li Zhang, Liugen Chen, Weijian Zhang, Mingxing Shen, Xin Zhang, Jian-chu Zheng, Xinmin Bian, Jun Zhang, Mingqian Zhang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2014.11.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.11.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2014.11.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2014.11.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.05.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-02", "title": "Six-Year Transition From Conventional To Organic Farming: Effects On Crop Production And Soil Quality", "description": "Abstract   Organic farming has become increasingly important in recent decades as the consumer has grown its focus on the food and environmental benefits of the technique. However, when compared to conventional farming systems, organic farm system are known to yield less.  Presented in this paper are the results from two organic cropping systems following six years of organic management. Fertilisation management differentiated the two systems; one was fertilised with green manure and commercial organic fertilisers, while the other was fertilised with dairy manure. A conventional cropping system, managed with mineral fertiliser as typical in the southern Piemonte region (Italy), served as the bussiness as usual crop management. The first hypothesis tested related to crop yield variation during the initial phase of organic management; we expected a sharp reduction in the early phase, then minor reductions later on. The second hypothesis tested related to soil fertility variation; we expected enhanced soil fertility under organic management.  Overall, the organic system produced less, relative to the conventional system in interaction with year effect. Yield reduction seemed related to the lower soil nutrient availability of organic fertilisers that provided nutrients consequent to mineralisation. Therefore, summer crops are well-suited to manure-fertilised organic farms as mineralisation happens at higher temperatures, as opposed to winter wheat, which is largely reduced in such systems. Commercial organic fertilisers can, however, limit this effect through their high nutrient availability in the winter and early spring  Also shown was that soil quality, defined as a general decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC) over time in the three analysed arable systems, can be mitigated by manure additions. Green manuring can maintain SOC and increase total N in soil, only if introduced for a sufficient number of years during crop rotation. Finally, soil fertility and Potential Mineralisable N in the different systems demonstrated that organic systems managed with commercial organic nitrogen fertilisers and green manure do not improve soil quality, compared to systems managed with mineral fertilisers.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic farming; Crop production; Manure fertilisation; Commercial organic fertiliser; Soil quality", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1531000/3/Versione%20IRIS.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.05.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.05.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.05.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2015.05.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-04", "title": "Contribution Of Green Manure Legumes To Nitrogen Dynamics In Traditional Winter Wheat Cropping System In The Loess Plateau Of China", "description": "Abstract   Excessive application of N fertilizer in pursuit of higher yields is common due to poor soil fertility and low crop productivity. However, this practice causes serious soil depletion and N loss in the traditional wheat cropping system in the Loess Plateau of China. Growing summer legumes as the green manure (GM) crop is a viable solution because of its unique ability to fix atmospheric N 2 . Actually, little is known about the contribution of GM N to grain and N utilization in the subsequent crop. Therefore, we conducted a four-year field experiment with four winter wheat-based rotations (summer fallow-wheat,  Huai  bean\u2013wheat, soybean\u2013wheat, and mung bean\u2013wheat) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates applied to wheat (0, 108, 135, and 162\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha) to investigate the fate of GM nitrogen via decomposition, utilization by wheat, and contribution to grain production and nitrogen economy through GM legumes. Here we showed that GM legumes accumulated 53\u201376\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha per year. After decomposing for approximately one year, more than 32\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha was released from GM legumes. The amount of nitrogen released via GM decomposition that was subsequently utilized by wheat was 7\u201327\u00a0kg N/ha. Incorporation of GM legumes effectively replaced 13\u201348% (average 31%) of the applied mineral nitrogen fertilizer. Additionally, the GM approach during the fallow period reduced the risk of nitrate-N leaching to depths of 0\u2013100\u00a0cm and 100\u2013200\u00a0cm by 4.8 and 19.6\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha, respectively. The soil nitrogen pool was effectively improved by incorporation of GM legumes at the times of wheat sowing. Cultivation of leguminous GM during summer is a better option than bare fallow to maintain the soil nitrogen pool, and decrease the rates required for N fertilization not only in the Loess Plateau of China but also in other similar dryland regions worldwide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhang Dabin, Yao Pengwei, Cao Weidong, Zhao Na, Yu Changwei, Gao Yajun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-15", "title": "Influence Of Continuous Application Of Inorganic Nutrients To A Maize-Wheat Rotation On Soil Enzyme Activity And Grain Quality In A Rainfed Indian Soil", "description": "Abstract   To explore long-term impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil health and grain quality, we monitored the enzyme activities and chemical properties of soil; and chemical composition of grain from eight treatments at an experimental field site established in 1996. There were eight treatments applied to both wheat and maize seasons: a control; four inorganic fertilizers, that is, nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), nitrogen and potassium (NK), phosphorous and potassium (PK) and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK); farm yard manure alone (FYM) and addition of FYM at two different doses (100 and 50% of recommendation) to NPK that is, NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM and \u00bd NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM. After 11 years of the experiment the NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM and \u00bd NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM treatments had the highest yields, about 5\u00a0Mg maize ha\u22121 and 2\u00a0Mg wheat ha\u22121 with about 2 and 0.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively more than the NPK treatments. The dehydrogeanse activity of soils increased significantly in FYM and \u00bd NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM. Except urease all other enzymatic activities were increased in those treatments, which received manure. Urease activity was higher in mineral-N applied plots. Grain protein content of both maize and wheat was highest in mineral fertilized plots. Test weight also increased significantly on application of mineral fertilizer. Plots treated with half dose of recommended mineral fertilizer along with FYM were higher in urease, phosphomono and diesterase activities than that of NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM treated plots. Long-term application of inorganic nutrients along with FYM improved grain mineral composition and yield. Inhibition of few enzymatic activities were also observed upon application of inorganic nutrients either alone or in combination.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-15", "title": "Experimental Drought Reduced Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase Activity And Increased Organic Extractable P In Soil In A Quercus Ilex Mediterranean Forest", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["NUTRIENT CONTENT", "Quercusilex", "POSTFIRE REGENERATION", "Total soil-P", "Soil", "OAK FOREST", "Litter", "PINUS-HALEPENSIS", "ENZYME-ACTIVITIES", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Drought", "NE SPAIN", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "Leaf P concentration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Quercus ilex", "PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION", "PLANT-GROWTH", "13. Climate action", "SHORT-TERM", "Alkaline phosphatase activity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Acid phosphatase activity", "Soil moisture", "Short-term available-P", "Soilorganic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-22", "title": "The Intercropping Common Bean With Maize Improves The Rhizobial Efficiency, Resource Use And Grain Yield Under Low Phosphorus Availability", "description": "In order to better understand how mixed crop cultures mitigate stressful conditions, this study aims to highlight the beneficial effect of the intercropping legume-cereal in enhancing soil phosphorus (P) availability for plant growth and productivity in a P-deficient soil of a northern Algerian agroecosystem. To address this question, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. El Djadida) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Filou), were grown as sole- and inter-crops in two experimental sites; S1 (P-deficient) and S2 (P-sufficient) during two growing seasons (2011 and 2012). Growth, nodulation and grain yield were assessed and correlated with the rhizosphere soil P availability. Results showed that P availability significantly increased in the rhizosphere of both species, especially in intercropping under the P-deficient soil conditions. This increase was associated with high efficiency in use of the rhizobial symbiosis (high correlation between plant biomass and nodulation), plant growth and resource (nitrogen (N) and P) use efficiency as indicated by higher land equivalent ratio (LER > 1) and N nutrition index (for maize) in intercropping over sole cropping treatments. Moreover, the rhizosphere P availability and nodule biomass were positively correlated (r2 = 0.71, p < 0.01 and r2 = 0.62, p < 0.01) in the intercropped common bean grown in the P-deficient soil during 2011 and 2012. The increased P availability presumably improved biomass and grain yield in intercropping, though it mainly enhanced grain yield in intercropped maize. Our findings suggest that modification in the intercropped common bean rhizosphere-induced parameters facilitated P uptake, plant biomass and grain yield for the intercropped maize under P-deficiency conditions.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nodulation", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Intercropping", "Algeria", "Rhizosphere", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Symbiosis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-23", "title": "Effect Of Irrigation And Nitrogen Fertilization On The Production Of Biogas From Maize And Sorghum In A Water Limited Environment", "description": "Abstract   The expansion of biogas production from anaerobic digestion in the Po Valley (Northern Italy) has stimulated the cultivation of dedicated biomass crops, and maize in particular. A mid-term experiment was carried out from 2006 to 2010 on a silt loamy soil in Northern Italy to compare water use and energy efficiency of maize and sorghum cultivation under rain fed and well-watered treatments and at two rates of nitrogen fertilization. The present work hypothesis were: (i) biomass sorghum, for its efficient use of water and nitrogen, could be a valuable alternative to maize for biogas production; (ii) reduction of irrigation level and (iii) application of low nitrogen fertilizer rate increase the efficiency of bioenergy production. Water treatments, a rain fed control (I0) and two irrigation levels (I1 and I2; only one in 2006 and 2009), were compared in a split\u2013split plot design with four replicates. Two fertilizer rates were also tested: low (N1, 60\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 of nitrogen; 0\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 of nitrogen in 2010) and high (N2, 120\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 of nitrogen; 100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 of nitrogen in 2010). Across treatments, sorghum produced more aboveground biomass than maize, respectively 21.6 Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 and 16.8 Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen fertilization", "Bioenergy; Biomass; Irrigation; Maize; Nitrogen fertilization; Sorghum; Agronomy and Crop Science; Plant Science; Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bioenergy", "Biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Irrigation", "7. Clean energy", "Sorghum", "6. Clean water", "Maize"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.11.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-24", "title": "Crop yields under no-till farming in China: A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract   No-till (NT) farming is popular globally, however, the effects on crop yields remain debatable. A meta-analysis was conducted on crop yield responses to NT in China based on 1006 comparisons from 164 studies. Results showed that a decrease of 2.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.8% on crop yield was observed under NT with residue removed (NT0) compared with that under plow tillage with residue removed (PT0), but the decreases can be diminished to 1.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0% when residue retention was combined with both the two tillage practices. On the contrary, NT with residue retention (NTR) may significantly increase crop yields by 4.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3% compared with that under PT0 (P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.11.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.11.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.11.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2016.11.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2019.125974", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-29", "title": "Protein-rich legume and pseudo-cereal crop suitability under present and future European climates", "description": "Abstract   Replacing animal proteins with plant proteins in diets has been demonstrated to have both health and environmental advantages, driving a debate about the potential of protein-rich crops as dietary replacements for animal products. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how climate change could influence the potential for producing protein-rich crops. This study addresses this knowledge gap for the European Union. We analysed 13 protein-rich crops, using the crop suitability model EcoCrop and climate projections for the 2050s, based on 30 Global Circulation Models, under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5. The results suggest that current protein-rich crop distributions reflect climatic suitability. We demonstrate the heterogeneous impacts of climate change on crop suitability. In general, conditions in northern Europe were modelled to become more favourable for protein-rich crops, while in southern Europe modelled future climates limit the production of traditional protein-rich crops commonly grown there, including chickpea and lentil. Model results show an expanded area of high suitability for quinoa. Our results confirm the need for concerted breeding and research planning strategies to improve the tolerance of faba bean, lentil, and chickpea to the abiotic stresses that are predicted to become more common with climate change. At the same time, production in northern Europe can benefit from experimentation with protein-rich crops predicted to become more suitable there. Production planning and agricultural policy should consider these likely impacts, to encourage shifts that follow the emerging geographic patterns of crop suitability, and to support the resilience of protein-rich crop production in regions that may be negatively impacted by climate change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Horizon 2020", "abiotic stress", "EC", "legumes", "H2020", "Soil Science", "Plant Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "crops", "Energy Research", "01 natural sciences", "proteins", "Research and Innovation action", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "European Commission", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Knowmad Institut", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2019.125974"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2019.125974", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2019.125974", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2019.125974"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-07", "title": "Interaction Of Deep Placed Controlled-Release Urea And Water Retention Agent On Nitrogen And Water Use And Maize Yield", "description": "Abstract   Controlled-release urea has been widely adopted to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency and crop production, and these effects can range widely depending on water availability in soil. However, limited information is available on the interaction of controlled-release urea placement depth with water retention agent (WRA) on N and water use and the yield of crops. The objectives of this study were to assess the consequences of this interaction on N and water use and the maize ( Zea mays  L.) yield by a split-plot design with WRA as the main plots and five application methods of urea as sub-plots. The five application methods consisted of inter-row side dressing of conventional urea at 5\u00a0cm and 10\u00a0cm depths, inter-row side dressing of controlled-release urea at 5\u00a0cm and 10\u00a0cm depths, and deep placement of the controlled-release urea at a 15\u00a0cm depth. Soil water stocks, dry matter accumulation, 1000-grain weight, grain-filling rate, N and water use efficiencies, and economic benefits were evaluated. The results revealed that the year, WRA, urea, and their interactions had significant effects on N and water use efficiencies, yield and benefits. When controlled-release urea was placed deep, soil water stocks were higher from the male tetrad stage to maturity and evapotranspiration (ET\u03b1) increased. Deep placement of controlled-release urea at a 15\u00a0cm depth without WRA enhanced the agronomic efficiency of N and water. The yield and net income were increased compared with controlled-release urea at a 5\u00a0cm depth. The combination of WRA and deep placement of controlled-release urea at a 15\u00a0cm depth had a significant effect on water use efficiency. However, this combination had no significant effects on N use efficiency, yield and benefits. WRA used with conventional urea can maintain higher soil water stocks, and increase the dry matter production, grain-filling rate, N and water use efficiencies. The differences were more significant during the dry season. Conventional urea at a 10\u00a0cm depth with WRA enhanced N and water use efficiencies, yield and net income by 6.5, 3.2, 6.5 and 4.2% respectively when compared with conventional urea without WRA. Thus, the best solution to obtain higher yield, water and N use efficiencies, and net income is placing controlled-release urea at 15-cm depth without WRA. When controlled-release urea is not available, placing conventional urea at a 10-cm depth combined with WRA is an interesting alternative for farmers.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Zengjia Li, Liwei Guo, Tangyuan Ning, Tangyuan Ning, Liangpeng Nie,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.02.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-07", "title": "Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Changes After 28 Years Of No-Tillage Management Under Mediterranean Conditions", "description": "Abstract   Mouldboard ploughing is known to accelerate soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization rate in Mediterranean regions. Long-term reduced tillage intensity potentially diminishes soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (STN) depletions. Here, we compared long-term no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) impact on SOC and STN sequestration rates at different depths ranging from 0 to 30\u00a0cm. The long-term experiment started in 1986 on a Typic Xerofluvent soil in Central Italy using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Ten years after the experiment began, SOC and STN concentrations in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil layer were already higher under NT compared to CT. The shallow layer (0\u201310\u00a0cm) showed the highest SOC and STN concentration increments. However, no differences between tillage systems were observed in the deeper layers. After 28 years, continuous NT increased SOC and STN content in the 30\u00a0cm soil depth by 22% compared to initial values. In the same period, continuous CT decreased SOC and STN content by 3% and 5%, respectively. On average, the total SOC and STN gains under NT may be attributed to the shallow layer increments. In the 10\u201320 and 20\u201330\u00a0cm soil layers, SOC accumulation over time was negligible also under NT. In the whole profile (0\u201330\u00a0cm), the mean annual SOC variation was +0.40 Mg ha \u22121  yr \u22121  and \u22120.06 Mg ha \u22121  yr \u22121  under NT and CT, respectively. Under NT, SOC content increased rapidly in the first ten years (+0.75 Mg ha \u22121 yr \u22121 ); later on, SOC increments were slower indicating the reaching of a new equilibrium. Data show that NT is a useful alternative management practice increasing carbon sequestration and soil health in Mediterranean conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conventional tillage", " No-tillage", " Carbon sink", " Soil fertility", " Long-term experiment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.02.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.02.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.02.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2016.02.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-08", "title": "Responses Of Soil Properties, Root Growth And Crop Yield To Tillage And Crop Residue Management In A Wheat-Maize Cropping System On The North China Plain", "description": "Abstract   Crop residue removal and subsoil compaction are limiting to yield improvement in the North China Plain (NCP). We conducted a field study composed of six consecutive crop growing seasons from 2010 to 2013 in Henan province, China, to determine responses of soil properties, crop root distribution and crop yield to tillage and residue management in a wheat\u2013maize cropping system under irrigated conditions. Tillage practices comprised mouldboard ploughing (MP) to a depth of 15-cm, deep mouldboard ploughing (DMP) to a depth of 30-cm, and chisel ploughing (CP) to a depth of 30-cm. Crop residue management included crop residue retained (CRRet) and crop residue removed (CRRem). The results indicated that yields in DMP and CP increased by 6.0% and 7.3% for wheat and by 8.7% and 9.0% for maize, respectively, relative to MP. The CRRet treatment also increased wheat yield by 6.7% and maize yield by 5.0%. The yield increases under DMP and CP were related to reduced bulk density and soil penetration resistance, increased soil water content, improved total N distribution and improved root density (0\u201360-cm). Compared with MP, the root mass density under DMP and CP were increased by 43.4% and 42.0% for wheat and by 40.6% and 39.4% for maize, respectively. The yield increases under CRRet were also related to increased soil water content, reduced penetration resistance and increased N status (0\u201340-cm). Overall, for DMP\u00a0+\u00a0CRRet and CP\u00a0+\u00a0CRRet, a more favorable soil environment alongside greater root mass density and suitable spatial distribution resulted in higher grain yields of wheat and maize. Thus, compared with conventional shallow tillage practice, DMP or CP with residue application could improve soil quality and agricultural productivity under irrigated areas with loam soil in the NCP.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hai-bin Guo, Yali Zhao, Kui Liu, Xinyuan Mu, Chaohai Li, Baoyi Ji, Zhi-wei Xue,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2017.02.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-06", "title": "Long-Term P And K Fertilisation Strategies And Balances Affect Soil Availability Indices, Crop Yield Depression Risk And N Use", "description": "The last century has seen a large increase of fertiliser use, along with a subsequent rise of crop productivity. However, in many places its intensive use has become a burden to the environment, and legislation has been introduced to restrict nutrient applications. In combination with changing production scenarios as a result of climate change, this means an improved understanding is needed of how low nutrient availability and climatic stress factors affect yields and yield stability.We examined the long-term effects mineral and organic fertilisation on a nutrient-depleted field, and observed large annual variations: depending on the year, average spring barley yields under unfertilised management (U) were between 17-75% lower than the reference N1/2P1/2K1/2 (60-10-60 kg ha(-1)). Yields increased up to 174% under N1P1K1 (120-20-120 kg ha(-1)), while animal manure applications at an N availability level corresponding to N-1 were between 79 and 137%. No temporal yield trends could be observed, but long-term changes of Olsen-P and exchangeable K were related to the nutrient balances (inputs-offtake) (r(2) = 0.60 and 0.59, respectively, P < 0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the effects of the treatments in combination with annual weather variations. The results could be split into two outcomes, 1) a general relation between yields and temperatures for the periods of early spring (P < 0.01, multiple R-2 = 0.31) and summer (P < 0.001, multiple R-2 =0.45), and 2) an interaction between temperature and nutrient applications during crop establishment, leading to a diverse response of relative yields (P < 0.001 multiple R-2 =0.64), i.e. relative yield losses under the unfertilised treatment (U) were greater in years with lower spring temperatures, and, conversely, the increased nutrient availability in the fully mineral and organically fertilised treatments could partially alleviate the negative effects.After 13 years of repeated fertilisation, inputs were suspended for a single year and only N was applied to evaluate the residual effects. Yields were significantly affected by the different fertilisation histories (P < 0.001). Likewise, apparent nitrogen recovery tended to improve with previous inputs, but the observations were highly variable.Overall, the analyses agree with the notion that brief periods of stress at a critical stage may significantly affect yields, and confirmed that management of sufficient nutrient availability is critical for maintaining high and stable yields. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Manure Application", "Yield stability", "550", "Temperature", "Nitrogen Use Efficiency", "Phosphorus", "Partial nutrient balance", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Mediterranean Conditions", "6. Clean water", "Loamy Sand", "Field Experiments", "13. Climate action", "Potassium", "Nutrient use efficiency", "Responses", "Nutrient deficiency", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Winter-Wheat"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2017.02.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2017.02.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2017.02.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2017.02.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2020.126009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-14", "title": "A framework to type crop management strategies within a production situation to improve the comprehension of weed communities", "description": "Abstract   Farmers facing the same production situation may have different farming objectives and thus farming practices. However, the latter are rarely precisely described since studies often use a unique indicator of soil use intensity, showing a weak explanatory value of biotic pressures. Our aim was to develop a framework to identify crop management strategies based on (i) 14 indicators of farming practices collected in 203 fields from 2004 to 2016 through interviews with the 23 farmers managing the fields, and (ii) a discussion with the farmers to assess to what extent they are valid. Then, we assessed how much these strategies helped improving our understanding of 412 weed communities surveyed in their fields. Indicators of farming intensity (e.g. treatment frequency index) was converted into ratios by dividing with the mean value of all the fields cultivated with the same crop in the same year. We identified eight crop management strategies with cluster analysis within a 950-ha area exposed to the same production situation. They differed, in decreasing order of importance, by the diversity of crops, tillage intensity, pesticide and fertiliser uses. The interviews of the farmers validated their assignment to each strategy. The interviews revealed the reasons why farmers implement a single or various strategies in their fields (seven farmers practiced two or three strategies because of differences in soil types or history of fields). The outputs of the classification gave them additional information on how their farming system differed from those of their neighbours. Using crop management strategies improved the quality of the statistical models predicting weed richness, cumulated weed richness over the 2008\u20132013 period, weed abundance and the frequency of weeding failure. This framework is useful to identify crop management strategies and to share information with farmers in order to be used to redesign cropping systems toward a more environmentally friendly agriculture.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "mouldboard ploughing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "treatment frequency index", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "nitrogen", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "participatory research", "tillage intensity", "weeding failure"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2020.126009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2020.126009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2020.126009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2020.126009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-24", "title": "An Integrated Weed Management framework: A pan-European perspective", "description": "<p>Initiatives to reduce the reliance of agriculture on pesticides, including the European Union (EU) Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides (SUD), have yet to lead to widespread implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles. Developments in weed management have strongly focused on increasing the efficiency of herbicides or substituting herbicides with other single tactics such as mechanical control. To increase sustainability of agricultural systems in practice, a paradigm shift in weed management is needed: from a single tactic and single growing season approach towards holistic integrated weed management (IWM) considering more than a single cropping season and focusing on management of weed communities, rather than on control of single species. To support this transition, an IWM framework for implementing a system level approach is presented. The framework consists of five pillars: diverse cropping systems, cultivar choice and establishment, field and soil management, direct control and the cross-cutting pillar monitoring and evaluation. IWM is an integral part of integrated pest management (IPM) and adopting IWM will serve as a driver for the development of sustainable agricultural systems of the future.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agroecology; Diversification; Holistic weed management; Weed communities", "Diversification", "Holistic weed management", "Weed communities", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agroecology", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/544391/1/Riemens%20et%20al_2022_EURAGR_final.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-08", "title": "Mixing process-based and data-driven approaches in yield prediction", "description": "Yield prediction models can be divided between data-driven and process-based models (crop growth models). The first category contains many different types of models with parameters learned from the data themselves and where domain knowledge is only used to select the predictors and engineer features. In the second category, models are based upon biophysical principles, whose structure and parameters are derived primarily from domain knowledge. Here we investigate if the integration of the two approaches can be beneficial as it allows to overcome the limitations of the two approaches taken individually - lack of sufficiently large, reliable and orthogonal datasets for data-driven approaches and the need of many inputs for process-based models. The applications of the two categories of models have been reviewed, paying special attention to the cases where the two approaches have been mixed. By analysing the literature we identified three major cases of integration between the two approaches: (1) using crop growth models to engineer features and expand the predictors space, (2) use data-driven approaches to estimate missing inputs for process-based models (3) using data-driven approaches to produce meta-models to reduce computation burden. Finally we propose a methodology based on metamodels and transfer learning to integrate data-driven and process-based approaches.", "keywords": ["Process-based", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Artificial intelligence", "Crop growth models", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Data-driven", "01 natural sciences", "Yield prediction", "Dynamic crop growth models", "Surrogate models", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop models", "Metamodels", "Neural networks"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126723", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-07", "title": "Field Evaluation of Selected Autochthonous Herbaceous Species for Cover Crops in Mediterranean Woody Crops", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Phenology", "Ground cover", "Aerial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Key plant traits", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Fine root", "15. Life on land", "Cover crop mixtures", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Soriano, Mar\u00eda-Auxiliadora, Cabezas, Jos\u00e9 Manuel, G\u00f3mez, Jos\u00e9 Alfonso,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126723"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126723", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126723", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126723"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-29", "title": "Soil Microbiological And Biochemical Properties Affected By Plant Growth And Different Long-Term Fertilisation", "description": "Abstract   The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of plant growth on soil microbial biomass C (C mic ) and soil enzyme activities. In a pot experiment using spring barley and sugar beet, we investigated the response of C mic , hot water extractable C and N fractions (C hwe , N hwe ), and enzyme activities involved in C, N and P cycling in a loess-derived Chernozem from Bad Lauchstadt (Central Germany). The study site has been receiving the same fertilisation treatments for 100\u00a0years. The soil originated from plots fertilised with 15\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  farmyard manure (FYM) year \u22121 \u00a0+\u00a0mineral fertiliser (NPK), or 15\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  FYM year \u22121 , or NPK or from an unfertilised control. Pots were sampled monthly, and alkaline phosphatase- (AP), \u03b2-glucosidase- and protease-activities were analysed. At the beginning and the end of study, levels of C mic , C hwe  and N hwe  were also measured. All three enzyme activities and C mic  were significantly and positively correlated with C org  and C hwe . Results suggest that the enzyme activities measured originated mostly from microorganisms and that C hwe  is an important C source for soil microorganisms. \u03b2-Glucosidase and AP activities were higher in summer months than at other times. In contrast, protease activity changed only slightly during the growing period.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Livia B\u00f6hme, Frank B\u00f6hme,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.06.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-30", "title": "Responses Of Soil Microbial Biomass And Activity For Practices Of Organic And Conventional Farming Systems In Piaui State, Brazil", "description": "The aim of this work was to investigate the response of soil microbial biomass and activity to practices in organic and conventional farming systems. The study was carried out at the Irrigation District of Piaui\u00b4, Brazil. Five different plots planted with ''acerola'' orchard (Mal- pighia glaba) and established at the following management were evaluated: (1) under 12 months of soil conventional management (CNV); (2) under six months of soil organic man- agement (ORG6); (3) under 12 months of soil organic management (ORG12); (4) under 18 months of soil organic management (ORG18); and (5) under 24 months of soil organic man- agement (ORG24). Soil microbial biomass C (Cmic), basal respiration, organic carbon (Corg), Cmic-to-Corg ratio and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were evaluated in soil samples collected at 0-10 cm depth. The highest Corg and Cmic levels occurred in organic system plots ORG18 and ORG24 compared to the conventional system. Soil respiration and Cmic-to- Corg ratio were significantly enhanced by the organic system plots. The qCO2 was greater in conventional than in organic system. These results indicate that the organic practices", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.06.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.06.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.06.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.06.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-25", "title": "Use Of Stable Isotopes (C-13) For Studying The Mobilisation Of Old Soil Organic Carbon By Endogeic Earthworms (Lumbricidae)", "description": "Abstract   Endogeic earthworms ingest large amounts of organic matter enclosed in mineral soil. Part of the soil organic matter is mobilised during the gut passage, but the overall effect of earthworms on the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) is poorly understood because the origin and age of the mobilised SOC pool are unknown. To determine whether endogeic earthworms mobilise old SOC pools, we studied the effect of  Octolasion tyrtaeum  (Savigny) on  13 C signatures of CO 2  evolved from soil of a maize field incubated in microcosms with and without earthworms for 150\u00a0days. Cultivation on this field had changed from wheat (C 3  plant) to maize (C 4  plant) 23\u00a0years ago.  Earthworms generally decreased in body mass during the experiment but increased CO 2  production. Compared to the initial signature (\u221222.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u2030 PDB ), \u03b4 13 C signatures of  O. tyrtaeum  were more depleted in the wheat (\u221223.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u2030 PDB ) and more enriched in the maize soil (\u221221.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u2030 PDB ) at the end of the experiment. The \u03b4 13 CO 2 -C signatures in the wheat soil were not affected by earthworms, but earthworms decreased \u03b4 13 CO 2 -C values in the maize soil during the second half of the incubation period. This indicates enhanced mineralization of old wheat-derived carbon. The results suggest that lumbricid endogeic earthworms contribute to the mobilisation of old carbon pools in soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-13", "title": "Dynamics Of Soil Microbial Biomass C, N And P In Disturbed And Undisturbed Stands Of A Tropical Wet-Evergreen Forest", "description": "To understand the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil microbial biomass and its role in soil organic matter and nutrientflux in disturbed tropical wet-evergreen forests, we determined soil microbial biomass C, N and P at two soil depths (0\u201015 and 15\u201030 cm), along a disturbance gradient inArunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Disturbance resulted in considerable increase in air temperature and light intensity in the forest and decline in the soil nutrients concentration, which affected the growth of microbial populations and soil microbial biomass. There were significant correlations between bacterial and fungal populations and microbial biomass C, N and P. Soil microbial population was higher in the undisturbed (UD) forest stand than the disturbed forest stands during post-monsoon and less during rainy season due to heavy rainfall. Greater demand for nutrients by plants during rainy season limited the availability of nutrients to soil microbes and therefore, low microbial biomass C, N and P. Microbial biomass was negatively correlated with soil temperature and pH in all the forest stands. However, there were significant positive relationships among microbial biomass C, N and P. Percentage contribution of microbial C to soil organic C was higher in UD forest, whereas percentage contribution of microbial biomass N and P to total N and total P was higher in the moderately disturbed site than in the highly disturbed (HD) site. These results reveal that the nutrient retention by soil microbial biomass was greater in the selective logged stand and would help in the regeneration of the forest upon protection. On the other hand, the cultivated site (HD) that had the lowest labile fractions of soil organic matter may recover at a slower phase. Further, minimum and maximum microbial biomass C, N and P during rainy and winter seasons suggest the synchronization between nutrient demand for plant growth and nutrient retention in microbial biomass that would help in ecosystem recovery following disturbance.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.03.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-31", "title": "Influence Of The El Nino And La Nina Climate Events And Litter Removal On Inorganic Nitrogen Dynamics In Pine Forest Soils On Central Java, Indonesia", "description": "Abstract   To determine to what extent environmental factors and anthropogenic disturbances dictate N dynamics in tropical forest soils, changes of concentrations of inorganic N in soil were investigated during a period of extreme climatic conditions caused by  El Nino  and  La Nina . This allowed the determination of factors driving the N-dynamics in tropical soils more clearly than during normal seasonal cycles. Three N-limited pine forests in Central Java, Indonesia, were studied monthly for over a year. N-NH 4  +  and N-NO 3  \u2212  were abundant in the organic layers, and decreased with increasing depth. Regular litter removal from the forest floor and branch-cutting at two pine forest sites significantly reduced the N-NH 4  +  concentration in the organic and mineral layers, but had only a\u00a0minor influence on N-NO 3  \u2212  concentration. The N-NH 4  +  and N-NO 3  \u2212  concentrations and pH showed a distinct seasonal variation with extremely large amplitude in all studied soil layers, this corresponded to variation in soil moisture content. Concentrations were low during the extreme dry period of  El Nino  of 1997, and significantly increased during the subsequent long wet period of  La Nina . The largest changes occurred in the organic top layers and changes were more pronounced than during normal seasonal cycles. It is concluded that N-dynamics in litter and fragmentation layers were most influenced by seasonal precipitation and to a lesser degree by litter removal.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.03.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.03.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.03.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.03.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-02", "title": "Land Use Change Affects Earthworm Communities In Eastern Maryland, Usa", "description": "Abstract   We assessed earthworm species composition and abundance during secondary succession at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Maryland, USA. Land use history is well known at this site. Adjacent forest stands of different ages and other vegetation patches were sampled in 1998\u201399 and in 2006. Out of the 12 species three ( Eisenoides loennbergi ,  Bimastos palustris ,  Diplocardia caroliniana ) were native, the rest were European peregrine earthworms. Native species were mainly found in mature forests, otherwise the species composition of mature and successional stands was similar. Earthworm density and biomass was significantly higher in the successional forests, than in the mature forests, and this pattern appears to be stable at a decadal time scale. Two smaller stands that have never been clearcut did not harbor any earthworms. The forest floor on these sites had a thick organic layer, moder humus and low pH. Bulk density was highest in the youngest (50\u201370\u00a0years) forests. It appears that as the forests enter to a late successional stage (150\u00a0years), they no longer can support high abundance of litter feeding earthworms.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.09.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-07", "title": "Carbon Mineralization And Properties Of Water-Extractable Organic Carbon In Soils Of The South Loess Plateau In China", "description": "Abstract   Addition of organic manure over thousands of years has resulted in the development of very fertile soils in parts of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. This region also suffers from serious soil erosion. For that reason, afforestation of arable soils has taken place. The dynamics of soil organic matter in these soils affected by a very specific management and by land use changes is largely unknown. Therefore, we measured C mineralization in a 35-days incubation experiment and analyzed amounts and properties of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) in 12 topsoils of this region. The soils differed in land use (arable vs. forest) and in amounts of added organic manure. Afforestation of arable soils resulted in a distinct stabilization of organic C as indicated by the smallest C mineralization (0.48\u00a0mg\u00a0C\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0C\u00a0d\u22121) and the highest C content (2.3%) of the studied soils. In the soils exposed to intensive crop production without regular addition of organic manure we found the largest C mineralization (0.85\u00a0mg\u00a0C\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0C\u00a0d\u22121) and the lowest contents of organic C (0.9%). Addition of organic manure over a time scale of millennia resulted in high organic C contents (1.8%) and small C mineralization (0.55\u00a0mg\u00a0C\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0C\u00a0d\u22121). The content of WEOC reflected differences in C mineralization between the soils quite well and the two variables correlated significantly. Water-extractable organic C decreased during C mineralization from the soil illustrating its mainly labile character. Carbon mineralization from soils was particularly large in soils with small specific UV absorbance of WEOC. We conclude that amounts and properties of WEOC reflected differences in the stability of soil organic C. Both afforestation of arable land and the long-term addition of organic manure may contribute to C accumulation and stabilization in these soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.09.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.09.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.09.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.09.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-02", "title": "Indication Of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution With Earthworms And Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon In The Vicinity Of An Abandoned Copper Mine In Eastern Nanjing, China", "description": "Abstract   Mining activities can cause severe soil pollution in mining area and its surroundings. Nevertheless, very little is known about the local environmental risk after the mining activities are ended in China. Earthworms and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), which are often used as bioindicators of soil pollution, were studied in order to support chemical analyses in assessing the status of soil heavy metal pollution around an abandoned copper mine in eastern Nanjing, China. Seven earthworm species belonging to three families (Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, and Lumbricidae) were present. Correlations between earthworm densities or biomass and a range of soil physical and chemical parameters were generally poor; however, several linear regression models based on the soil physicochemical characteristics and metal concentrations in earthworm bodies were established for each metal (Cu, Cd, and Zn) and each earthworm family. Therefore, metal bioaccumulation by soil-dwelling earthworms can be used as an ecological indicator of metal availability for this area. The SMBC, which varied from 83.9 to 499\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 , did not correlate with the soil heavy metal concentrations, and SMBC is not proposed as a sensitive indicator for evaluating the environmental effects of soil heavy metal pollution in this area.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-26", "title": "Impact Of Five Different Tillage Systems On Soil Organic Carbon Content And The Density, Biomass, And Community Composition Of Earthworms After A Ten Year Period", "description": "To assess the impact of different types of soil tillage on the density, biomass, and community composition of earthworms, a long-term field study was performed in which soils were tilled in different ways for ten years. This study included five different types of tillage: (i) plough, (ii) grubber, (iii) disc harrow, (iv) mulch sowing, and (v) direct sowing. At the end of the experiment the earthworm density, biomass, and community composition, and the SOC (soil organic carbon) content were determined. The results show that density, biomass, and community composition of earthworm populations varied in relation to the type of soil tillage used. The density of anecic earthworm species decreased when soils were managed by conventional ploughing, relative to reduced tillage practices, whereas conversely the density of endogeic species increased. Additionally, the varying types of soil tillage influenced the abundance and biomass of different earthworm species in different ways. The density of Aporrectodea caliginosa was positively influenced by ploughing, whereas Aporrectodea longa, Lumbricus castaneus, and Satchellius mammalis showed a positive relationship to the grubber and Allolobophora chlorotica to direct sowing. We attribute these changes to modifications in the vertical distribution of SOC and varying potentials for mechanical damage of earthworms by tillage. A decrease in tillage intensity modified the vertical SOC distribution in the topsoil and consequently revealed positive effects on earthworm biodiversity, thus sustaining soil functioning.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gregor Ernst, Christoph Emmerling,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.11.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-05", "title": "Alteration Of Soil Labile Organic Carbon By Invasive Earthworms (Pontoscolex Corethrurus) In Tropical Rubber Plantations", "description": "Abstract   The invasive earthworm (Pontoscolex corethrurus) is commonly found in rubber plantations of Xishuangbanna, southwestern China. To understand the long-term impact of this invasive earthworm on soil labile organic carbon (LOC), we examined changes in LOC that was protected and unprotected by soil aggregates during a worm-exclusion experiment in rubber plantations of Xishuangbanna. We found that the presence of this invasive earthworm for 20 months increased LOC (up to 35%) protected by aggregates in surface soil layer (0\u20135\u00a0cm). In contrast, the presence of this earthworm increased LOC unprotected by the aggregates and the turnover rate of LOC protected by the aggregates in subsurface soil layer (5\u201315\u00a0cm). Soil total LOC did not differ between the control and worm-exclusion treatments. These findings suggest that the invasion of P. corethrurus can redistribute LOC along soil vertical profiles with accumulation of protected LOC on surface soil layer and unprotected LOC on subsurface soil layer. Earthworms' redistribution of LOC between the protected and unprotected forms and along soil profile may affect long-term soil carbon cycling.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.11.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.11.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.11.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.11.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-26", "title": "Seasonal Dynamics Of The Physicochemical And Biological Properties Of Soils In Naturally Regenerating, Unmanaged And Clear-Cut Beech Stands In Northern Spain", "description": "The physicochemical and biological properties of soils within an unmanaged beech stand and two stands clear-cut in 2001 or 1996 were studied and compared across the year 2008. The clear-cut stands were left to naturally regenerate and exhibited very different levels of tree density. Soil from the stand clear-cut in 2001 had the lowest contents of organic matter and nitrogen, showed high resistance to penetration and the pH varied throughout the seasons. Basal respiration achieved minimum values in summer in both the unmanaged stand and the stand clear-cut in 1996. However, basal respiration slightly fluctuated from spring to autumn in the stand clear-cut in 2001. The seasonal dynamics of protease and phosphatase activities were similar within the three stands: the maximum protease activity was detected in spring and the highest phophatase activity in winter. \u03b2-Glucosidase activity in autumn and dehydrogenase in winter were greater in the unmanaged than in the clear-cut stands. Moreover, dehydrogenase activity was extremely low in the stand clear-cut in 1996. Microclimatic parameters within the stands were significantly correlated with several biological properties of soils, with microclimate being strongly determined by the density of trees. Results also suggested that ectomycorrhizal fungi would be key components of the soil microflora in the beech forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Clear-cutting", "Beech forests", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ectomycorrhizas", "Soil basal respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil enzymatic activities", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil physicochemical properties"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-22", "title": "Understanding Earthworm - Collembola Interactions And Their Importance For Ecosystem Processes Needs Consideration Of Species Identity", "description": "Abstract   Soil animals and their interactions exert strong effects on ecosystem processes, such as leaf litter decomposition and nitrogen (N) cycling, thereby contributing to ecosystem functioning and stability. The understanding of how and why certain species interact is important to predict the effect of soil animal communities on ecosystem processes. Species interactions are discussed as being facilitative, antagonistic or neutral. We investigated interactions between two earthworm ( Lumbricus terrestris ,  Aporrectodea caliginosa ) and two Collembola species ( Heteromurus nitidus  and  Protaphorura armata ), representing major soil decomposer taxa. The two earthworm species are representatives of the soil macrofauna, with  L.\u00a0terrestris  living in permanent vertical burrows and feeding on leaf litter, and  A.\u00a0caliginosa  living in non-permanent horizontal burrows and feeding predominantly on resources in organo-mineral soil. The Collembola species are representatives of the soil mesofauna, with  H.\u00a0nitidus  predominantly colonizing the soil litter interface and feeding on litter associated resources, whereas  P.\u00a0armata  colonizes deeper soil layers and mainly feeds on resources in organo-mineral soil. Therefore, the species were assumed to differ in two major traits, i.e. body size (macrofauna vs. mesofauna) and food microhabitat association (\u201clitter-associated\u201d vs. \u201csoil-associated\u201d). Mesocosms with natural forest floor containing one beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) sapling were set up and incubated in the laboratory for three months.  15 N labeled beech litter was added to follow the effect of detritivore animals on N cycling and N uptake by beech saplings. We hypothesized antagonistic interactions to dominate in species with similar body size or food microhabitat association via hampering the performance (biomass, abundance) of each other thereby reducing effects on leaf litter decomposition and N cycling. On the contrary, we expected species of different body size or food microhabitat association to facilitate each other's effects on ecosystem processes. In contrast to our expectation there was no clear relationship between similarity of body size or food microhabitat association and soil fauna effects on each other. Interactions between detritivores were not consensual with  L.\u00a0terrestris  facilitating biomass gain of  A.\u00a0caliginosa , while its own biomass was reduced in presence of  A.\u00a0caliginosa . Additionally,  15 N incorporation into  A.\u00a0caliginosa  and the two Collembola species decreased in presence of  L.\u00a0terrestris,  irrespective of similarity of body size or food microhabitat association. Leaf litter decomposition was increased by  L.\u00a0terrestris , while none of the other species affected litter decomposition. Generally,  15 N incorporation into beech saplings was significantly increased in presence of  L.\u00a0terrestris  or  H.\u00a0nitidus , but reduced in two species treatments due to antagonistic interactions. Interestingly, it was increased if  L.\u00a0terrestris ,  A.\u00a0caliginosa  and  P.\u00a0armata  were present together, indicating facilitative interactions between these species. The results suggest that soil fauna interactions mainly vary with the identity of species and community composition rather than with similarity of traits. This highlights the complexity of soil fauna interactions and the difficulty to predict their effects on ecosystem processes, such as litter decomposition and N cycling, in species rich communities.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-22", "title": "The Collembola Community Of A Central European Forest: Influence Of Tree Species Composition", "description": "The present study investigates the response of the Collembola community to replacement of beech by spruce or by mixed stands of beech and spruce in the Solling mountains (Germany). The study was carried out in three beech (Fagus sylvatica), spruce (Picea abies) and mixed stands of beech and spruce arranged in three blocks. The density, diversity and community structure of Collembola as well as microbial and abiotic parameters in the organic layers and mineral soil of the three spruce, three beech and three mixed stands were investigated. Major results are: (i) Collembola communities did not differ strongly between stand types and were dominated by Folsomia quadrioculata and Mesaphorura species, (ii) neither total abundance of Collembola nor densities of the hemiedaphic species F. quadrioculata, Parisotoma notabilis and Isotomiella minor significantly responded to stand type, (iii) in the mixed stands the fungal biomass was increased leading to high densities of fungal feeding Collembola (e.g. Mesaphorura sp.) and high species numbers of Collembola, (iv) the density of the epedaphic and partly herbivorous group Entomobryidae/Tomoceridae in the spruce stands exceeded that in the mixed and beech stands; presumably this was due to the higher diversity of the ground vegetation in the spruce stands. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of the collembolan communities of L/F and H/Ah horizons also indicated that most of the epedaphic species were associated with the spruce stands. Moreover, results of the CCA indicated that soil pH is an important structuring force for collembolan communities. Overall, results suggest that stand type impact collembolan communities, presumably via changes in the amount and quality of food resources, such as fungal biomass and living plant material. However, differences in collembolan community structure between the investigated stand types were moderate supporting earlier findings that Collembola generally respond little to changes in the vegetation structure.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Salamon, J\u00f6rg-Alfred, Alphei, J\u00f6rn,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.12.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-11", "title": "Soil Microbial Biomass, Crop Yields, And Bacterial Community Structure As Affected By Long-Term Fertilizer Treatments Under Wheat-Rice Cropping", "description": "Abstract   Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and nitrogen (SMBN), soil microbial community structure, and crop yields were studied in a long-term (1982\u20132004) fertilization experiment carried out in Suining, Sichuan province of PR China. Eight treatments included three chemical fertilizer (CF) treatments (N, NP, NPK), three CF\u00a0+\u00a0farmyard manure (M) treatments (NM, NPM, NPKM), M alone and no fertilizer (CK) as control. The results showed that the soil microbial biomass was higher in soil treated with CFM than in soil treated with CF alone, and that NPKM gave the highest rice and wheat yields. The SMBC and SMBN were higher after rice than those after wheat cropping. SMBC correlated closely with soil organic matter. Average yields of wheat and rice for 22 years were higher and more stable in the fertilized plots than in control plots. Bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR-DGGE targeting eubacterial 16S rRNA genes. A higher diversity of the soil bacterial community was found in soil amended with CFM than in other fertilizer treatments. Some specific band emerged in the soil amended with M. The highest diversity of bacterial communities was found in the NPKM treated soil. The bacterial community structures differed in rice and wheat plots. Sequencing of PCR products separated in DGGE showed that some of the common and dominant bands were closely related to  Aquicella lusitana  and to  Acidobacteria . This study demonstrated that mixed application of N, P, and K with additional M amendment increased soil microbial biomass, diversified the bacterial communities and maintained the crop production in the Calcareous Purplish Paddy soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shihua Tu, Xiaoping Zhang, Yunfu Gu, Kristina Lindstr\u00f6m,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.02.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.12.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-19", "title": "Effects Of Tillage On Microbial Populations Associated To Soil Aggregation In Dryland Spring Wheat System", "description": "Abstract   Tillage may influence the microbial populations involved in soil aggregation. We evaluated the effects of no till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT, tillage depth about 7\u00a0cm) continuous spring wheat system on culturable heterotrophic bacterial communities predominant in microaggregates (0.25\u20130.05\u00a0mm) and on soil-aggregating basidiomycete fungi in aggregate-size classes (4.75\u20132.00, 2.00\u20130.25, and 0.25\u20130.05\u00a0mm) at 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth of a Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed, Typic Argiustolls) in dryland Montana, USA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay used to quantify antigenic response to basidiomycete cell walls, was higher in NT than in CT in 4.75\u20132.00\u00a0mm size class in 2007 and higher in all classes and years at 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth, but was not different between tillage, years, and classes at 5\u201320\u00a0cm. The culturable bacteria from microaggregates were subjected to a soil sedimentation assay to determine their soil binding capability. The proportion of isolates which can function as soil aggregators was higher in NT than in CT at 0\u20135\u00a0cm but was not different at 5\u201320\u00a0cm. Our results provide a first insight into the beneficial effects of dryland NT compared to CT in reducing soil disturbance and residue incorporation and enriching the proportion of microorganisms responsible for aggregation, especially at the soil surface.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Upendra M. Sainju, John F. Gaskin, Andrew W. Lenssen, A. J. Caesar, Thecan Caesar-TonThat,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.12.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.12.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.12.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.12.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-06", "title": "Responses Of Soil Chemical And Microbial Indicators To Conservational Tillage Versus Traditional Tillage In The North China Plain", "description": "Abstract   This study compared the responses of soil chemical and microbial indicators to the conservational tillage (CT) versus traditional tillage (TT) in a Haplic Cambisol in the North China Plain (NCP). These indicators included soil organic C (SOC), soil total N (STN), soil available P (SAP), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable Ca 2+  and Mg 2+ , microbial biomass C (MBC), microbial biomass N (MBN), alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AP), \u03b2-glucosidase,  N -acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase (NAG), nitrate reductase (NR), protease, urease and the geometric mean of the assayed enzymes (GMea). Our results showed that almost all investigated parameters, except the contents of CEC, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+  and the ratios of GMea/MBN and C/N, were significantly higher under the CT (no-till, NT and reduced-till, RT) than those under the TT, whilst the crop yield was not significantly affected by tillage treatments. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that the first and second component explained 67.2% and 16.6% of the total variation, respectively. The first component was significantly correlated with GMea, MBC, MBN and \u03b2-glucosidase, and effectively discriminated soils under the NT or RT from those under the TT. Our results indicated that the 6-year CT improved the quality of the Haplic Cambisol by enhancing its chemical and microbial properties, whilst GMea, MBC, MBN and \u03b2-glucosidase were among the most effective indicators for monitoring these improvements.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-09", "title": "Heavy Metal Tolerance Of Culturable Bacteria And Fungi In A Long-Term Cultivated Tropical Ultisol", "description": "Abstract   A study was conducted to assess the variability in metal tolerant bacteria and fungi in a vegetable cropping system having comparatively low metal concentrations. Soil samples were collected from fields representing different lengths of cultivation, 0 (virgin soil), 4, 8, 12, 15, 18 and 22 years and analyzed for HCl and DTPA extractable Cu, Zn and Cd. Metal tolerant bacteria and fungi were enumerated using agar media amended with CuSO4, ZnSO4 and CdSO4 varying from 0 to 7\u00a0mM and 20% and 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC20 and IC50) were calculated. Concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cd in different extractants varied from 0\u201357, 11\u2013118 and 0\u20132.12\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 soil and higher values were observed for the virgin, 4-, 12- and 22-year cultivated soils. The log metal concentrations of IC50 for Cu, Zn and Cd ranged between \u22123.31 and \u22124.29, \u22123.21 to \u22123.89 and \u22124.03 to \u22126.37, respectively. Irrespective of having comparable metal concentrations, IC50 values of virgin and 4-year cultivated soils remained significantly lower than the 12- and 22- year cultivated soils. The IC50 values of bacteria correlated significantly with extractable metal fractions (r\u00a0>\u00a00.45) suggesting that in situ metal concentrations had induced metal tolerance in the bacterial community. The IC20 values for fungi were several folds higher than bacteria and did not correlate with extractable metal fractions. Principal component analysis indicated that metal concentrations and length of cultivation explained about 75% of the variability in the metal tolerant bacteria whereas 45% of the variability in the metal tolerant fungal population was explained by the in situ metal concentrations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R.M.C.P. Rajapaksha", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-20", "title": "Effects Of Polyacrylamide, Biopolymer, And Biochar On Decomposition Of Soil Organic Matter And Plant Residues As Determined By 14c And Enzyme Activities", "description": "Application of polymers for the improvement of aggregate structure and reduction of soil erosion may alter the availability and decomposition of plant residues. In this study, we assessed the effects of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), synthesized biopolymer (BP), and biochar (BC) on the decomposition of 14 C-labeled maize residue in sandy and sandy loam soils. Specifically, PAM and BP with or without 14 C-labeled plant residue were applied at 400 kg ha \ufffd 1 , whereas BC was applied at 5000 kg ha \ufffd 1 , after", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-10", "title": "Soil Co2 Emissions From A Cultivated Mollisol: Effects Of Organic Amendments, Soil Temperature, And Moisture", "description": "Abstract   A field experiment was conducted to examine the influences of long-term applications of maize straw and organic manure on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from a cultivated Mollisol in northeast China and to evaluate the responses of soil CO2 fluxes to temperature and moisture. Soil CO2 flux was measured using closed chamber and gas chromatograph techniques. Our results indicated that the application of organic amendments combined with fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) accelerated soil CO2 emissions during the maize growing season, whereas NPK fertilization alone did not impact cumulative CO2 emissions. Cumulative CO2 emissions were higher from soils amended with pig manure relative to those with maize residue. Cumulative CO2 emissions during the growing season were 988 and 1130\u00a0g\u00a0CO2\u00a0m\u22122 under applications of 7500 and 22,500\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 pig manure combined with NPK, respectively, which were 42 and 63% higher than the emissions from the control (694\u00a0g\u00a0CO2\u00a0m\u22122). The applications of 2250 and 4500\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 maize straw combined with NPK marginally increased soil CO2 emissions by 23 and 28% compared with the control, respectively. A log-transformed multiple regression model including both soil temperature and moisture explained 50\u201388% of the seasonal variation in soil CO2 fluxes. Cumulative soil CO2 emissions were affected more by applied treatments than by soil temperature and moisture. Our results suggest that the magnitude of the impact of soil amendments on CO2 emissions from Mollisols primarily depends on the type of organic amendments applied, whereas the application rate has limited impacts.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-29", "title": "Responses Of Ecosystem Respiration And Its Components To Fertilization In An Alpine Meadow On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Nitrogen (N) deposition alters composition and productivity of plant community, plant litter quality and quantity, composition and activity of soil microbial community. All these changes would influence ecosystem and soil CO2 emissions. We established a fertilization experiment in an alpine meadow in hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau to detect the responses of ecosystem and soil respiration to fertilization and further explore forces driving changes of CO2 fluxes. The fertilization experiment was conducted in 2008, in which five treatments were manipulated, i.e. three N levels of 0, 5, 10 g N m(-2) yr(-1) (coded as Control, LN and HN, respectively), and two N levels combined with constant level of 5 g phosphorus (P) m(-2) yr(-1), respectively (coded as LN + P and HN + P. respectively). Ecosystem respiration (Rec), above-ground plant respiration (Ra), and soil respiration (Rs) were measured in growing season of 2010 the third year of the experiment. N addition alone did not affect Rec, Ra or Rs. However, combination of N and P increased Rec, Ra and Rs mainly in later period of the growing season. Similarly, N addition did not affect aboveground biomass, but combination of N and P increased aboveground biomass. Rec, Ra and Rs were positively correlated with aboveground biomass, but were not correlated with belowground biomass, indicates enhancement of aboveground biomass by nutrient enrichment could contribute a large part of variation of ecosystem and soil respiration, especially at the end of the growing season. It is suggested that apparent negative effect of soil temperature on ecosystem and soil respiration could be confounded by the effect of aboveground biomass, especially under nutrient enrichment. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ce&offset=3700&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ce&offset=3700&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ce&offset=3650", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ce&offset=3750", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 19689, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:16:54.517571Z"}