{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-23", "title": "Data Assimilation and Online Parameter Optimization in Groundwater Modeling Using Nested Particle Filters", "description": "Abstract<p>Over the past decades, advances in data collection and machine learning have paved the way for the development of autonomous simulation frameworks. Among these, many are capable not only of assimilating real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time data to correct their predictive shortcomings but also of improving their future performance through self\uffe2\uff80\uff90optimization. In hydrogeology, such techniques harbor great potential for informing sustainable management practices. Simulating the intricacies of groundwater flow requires an adequate representation of unknown, often highly heterogeneous geology. Unfortunately, it is difficult to reconcile the structural complexity demanded by realistic geology with the simplifying assumptions introduced in many calibration methods. The particle filter framework would provide the necessary versatility to retain such complex information but suffers from the curse of dimensionality, a fundamental limitation discouraging its use in systems with many unknowns. Due to the prevalence of such systems in hydrogeology, the particle filter has received little attention in groundwater modeling so far. In this study, we explore the combined use of dimension\uffe2\uff80\uff90reducing techniques and artificial parameter dynamics to enable a particle filter framework for a groundwater model. Exploiting freedom in the design of the dimension\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction approach, we ensure consistency with a predefined geological pattern. The performance of the resulting optimizer is demonstrated in a synthetic test case for three such geological configurations and compared to two Ensemble Kalman Filter setups. Favorable results even for deliberately misspecified settings make us hopeful that nested particle filters may constitute a useful tool for geologically consistent real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time parameter optimization.</p", "keywords": ["0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018WR024408"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr024408"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Resources%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2018wr024408", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2018wr024408"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/srep06365", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-15", "title": "Earthworms increase plant production: a meta-analysis", "description": "To meet the challenge of feeding a growing world population with minimal environmental impact, we need comprehensive and quantitative knowledge of ecological factors affecting crop production. Earthworms are among the most important soil dwelling invertebrates. Their activity affects both biotic and abiotic soil properties, in turn affecting plant growth. Yet, studies on the effect of earthworm presence on crop yields have not been quantitatively synthesized. Here we show, using meta-analysis, that on average earthworm presence in agroecosystems leads to a 25% increase in crop yield and a 23% increase in aboveground biomass. The magnitude of these effects depends on presence of crop residue, earthworm density and type and rate of fertilization. The positive effects of earthworms become larger when more residue is returned to the soil, but disappear when soil nitrogen availability is high. This suggests that earthworms stimulate plant growth predominantly through releasing nitrogen locked away in residue and soil organic matter. Our results therefore imply that earthworms are of crucial importance to decrease the yield gap of farmers who can't -or won't- use nitrogen fertilizer.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "agroecosystems", "Nitrogen", "growth", "n pools", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Article", "Animals", "Biomass", "soil carbon", "Oligochaeta", "Ecosystem", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "tolerance", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "communities", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystem services", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06365"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep06365", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep06365", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep06365"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:19:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-05", "title": "Soil Warming And Co2 Enrichment Induce Biomass Shifts In Alpine Tree Line Vegetation", "description": "Abstract<p>Responses of alpine tree line ecosystems to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming are poorly understood. We used an experiment at the Swiss tree line to investigate changes in vegetation biomass after 9\uffc2\uffa0years of free air CO2 enrichment (+200\uffc2\uffa0ppm; 2001\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) and 6\uffc2\uffa0years of soil warming (+4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C; 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932012). The study contained two key tree line species, Larix decidua and Pinus uncinata, both approximately 40\uffc2\uffa0years old, growing in heath vegetation dominated by dwarf shrubs. In 2012, we harvested and measured biomass of all trees (including root systems), above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground understorey vegetation and fine roots. Overall, soil warming had clearer effects on plant biomass than CO2 enrichment, and there were no interactive effects between treatments. Total plant biomass increased in warmed plots containing Pinus but not in those with Larix. This response was driven by changes in tree mass (+50%), which contributed an average of 84% (5.7\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) of total plant mass. Pinus coarse root mass was especially enhanced by warming (+100%), yielding an increased root mass fraction. Elevated CO2 led to an increased relative growth rate of Larix stem basal area but no change in the final biomass of either tree species. Total understorey above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground mass was not altered by soil warming or elevated CO2. However, Vaccinium myrtillus mass increased with both treatments, graminoid mass declined with warming, and forb and nonvascular plant (moss and lichen) mass decreased with both treatments. Fine roots showed a substantial reduction under soil warming (\uffe2\uff88\uff9240% for all roots &lt;2\uffc2\uffa0mm in diameter at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm soil depth) but no change with CO2 enrichment. Our findings suggest that enhanced overall productivity and shifts in biomass allocation will occur at the tree line, particularly with global warming. However, individual species and functional groups will respond differently to these environmental changes, with consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Models", " Statistical", "Temperature", "Larix", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Tundra", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:19:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-18", "title": "What Are the Limits to the Growth of Boreal Fires?", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Boreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record\uffe2\uff80\uff90breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops\uffe2\uff80\uff94defined as 300\uffe2\uff80\uff89m unburned pixels along fire perimeters\uffe2\uff80\uff94across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff890.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire\uffe2\uff80\uff90weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers\uffe2\uff80\uff94such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads\uffe2\uff80\uff94were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.</p", "keywords": ["Siberia", "Climate Change", "Taiga", "Remote Sensing Technology", "Life Science", "Weather", "Fires", "Research Article", "Wildfires"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thomas A. J. Janssen, Sander Veraverbeke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70130"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.70130", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.70130"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-19", "title": "Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, And Forest Carbon In The Oregon Coast Range", "description": "Abstract<p>Forests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-31", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Nutrient Application And Crop Rotation On Soil Organic Matter Quality Assessed By Nmr Spectroscopy", "description": "Abstract<p>Crop and land management practices affect both the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) and hence are driving forces for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of tillage, fertilizer application and crop rotation onSOCin an agricultural area of southern Norway, where a soil fertility and crop rotation experiment was initiated in 1953 and a second experiment on tillage practices was initiated in 1983. The first experiment comprised 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr crop rotations with cereals only and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr cereal and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr grass rotations with recommended (base) and more than the recommended (above base) fertilizer application rates; the second experiment dealt with autumn\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed (conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till) plots and direct\uffe2\uff80\uff90drilled plots (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till). Soil samples at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depths were collected in autumn 2009 and analysed for their C and N contents. The quality ofSOMin the top layer was determined by13C solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90stateNMRspectroscopy. TheSOCstock did not differ significantly because of rotation or fertilizer application types, even after 56\uffc2\uffa0yr. However, the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed a significantly higherSOCstock than the conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm depth after the 26\uffc2\uffa0yr of experiment, but it was not significantly different at the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. In terms of quality,SOMwas found to differ by tillage type, rate of fertilizer application and crop rotation. The no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed an abundance of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C, while conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system indicated an apparently indirect enrichment in alkyl C, suggesting a more advanced stage ofSOMdecomposition. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term quantitative and qualitative effects onSOMsuggest that adopting a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system and including grass in crop rotation and farmyard manure in fertilizer application may contribute to preserve soil fertility and mitigate climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["Fertilizer application", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", " fertilizer application", " soil organic carbon (SOC)", " soil organic matter (SOM)", " tillage", " NMR spectroscopy.", "NMR spectroscopy", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-15", "title": "Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments", "description": "Abstract                        Background             <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are emerging organic pollutants widely detected in environmental systems, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem. Despite increasing efforts to monitor PFAS in river systems, knowledge gaps remain regarding sources and emissions via different pathways. This study investigates PFAS contamination across multiple environmental compartments in the Upper Danube Basin, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, surface runoff, and atmospheric deposition. The primary objectives are to assess the extent of PFAS contamination, identify key emission sources and transport pathways, and evaluate associated risks in terms of the potential exceedance of current and proposed environmental regulatory thresholds in the European Union.</p>                                   Results             <p>The findings reveal a widespread presence of PFAS, with PFOA, PFOS and short-chain compounds being predominant. The Alz River and Gendorf chemical park emerge as hotspots with far-reaching effects downstream, contributing significantly to diffuse legacy contamination of PFOA and being a significant source of two industrial PFOA substitutes, ADONA and GenX. Wastewater treatment plants, old municipal landfills, and sites with a history of fire-fighting foam application are identified as key pathways or sources of legacy pollution, exhibiting higher concentrations compared to the other matrices. Notably, no significant removal is observed when comparing influent and effluent samples from conventional WWTPs. The study further demonstrates that groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from point sources and to infiltration from rivers, with bank filtration proving largely ineffective in preventing PFAS contamination.</p>                                   Conclusions             <p>The study underscores the necessity for source and pathway control measures to mitigate PFAS pollution, the implementation of advanced treatment technologies to safeguard drinking water and surface water quality, and targeted remediation for legacy soil and groundwater contamination. Additionally, strong use regulations should be explored to minimize ongoing emissions. The multi-compartment monitoring proves to be a crucial approach to understand the complexity of PFAS distribution at the catchment scale. Comparative analysis and risk assessment highlight challenging situations for water management, offering an indispensable basis for emission modeling as a next step for quantitative assessment of the relevance of different sources and pathways for surface water pollution.</p>", "keywords": ["Emerging contaminants", "Emerging Pollutants", "PFAS", "Source identification", "Watershed management", "Environmental sciences", "Emission", "Water Framework Directive", "Environmental law", "Water pollution", "GE1-350", "K3581-3598", "Catchment monitoring", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Sciences%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:35Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Consumers' attitudes towards microbial applications in food production", "description": "The data was collected using an online survey as part of the research activities of the European Horizon 2020 project SIMBA (Sustainable Innovation of Microbiome Applications in the Food System). Online surveys were used to collect consumer respondent data for three food products (wheat bread, consumer potatoes and tomato sauce). These food products were selected as part of the EU Horizon 2020 SIMBA project for reflecting the diversity of food value chains in terms of organisation, technology, climatic conditions and consumption patterns across the EU. Three questionnaires corresponding to the three food products were prepared. The questionnaires consisted of four main parts: (1) socio-demographic characteristics (e.g. gender, education, income; Part One), (2) health and environmental concerns related to chemical use in farming, knowledge about microbial applications, perceived microbial health risks and attitude towards microbial applications in food production (Part Two), (3) questions for eliciting a consumer\u2019s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a food product that had been obtained through a microbial-enhanced production system with reduced or no chemical use (Part Three), and (4) questions for eliciting a respondent\u2019s food choice motives (FCMs) using de Boer et al.\u2019s (2007) FCM questionnaire (Part Four). In addition, the questionnaire had an introduction section containing information sheet about the study and a consent form. The consent form and the information sheet for safeguarding the ethical aspects of this study (e.g. data handling, privacy and potential risks to respondents) were approved by the General Assembly of the SIMBA project as well as the Social Sciences Ethics Committee of Wageningen University prior to distributing the surveys. We collected data primarily from three countries: Germany, Italy and Netherlands.The data was collected to undertake a study to support the uptake of food products that are produced and/or processed using microbial applications. The aim of the survey was to get some insights about food choice motives of consumers, and the socio-demographic and behavioural factors influencing their food choices. The survey specifically aimed to assess the preferences and perceptions, and willingness-to-pay of consumers to wheat, potato and tomato-based food products that are produced and/or processed using microbial applications.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Economics", "Social and Behavioural Sciences", "Business and Management", "Food economics", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "BM Ali", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "name": "item", "description": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/179481", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-19", "title": "Molecular Fingerprinting of14C Dated Soil Organic Matter Fractions from Archaeological Settings in NW Spain", "description": "Abstract<p>This paper evaluates the complexities of radiocarbon (14C) dates from soil organic matter (SOM) in archaeological scenarios. The aqueous NaOH-insoluble residual SOM from Neolithic to medieval sites in NW Spain produced consistently older calibrated14C ages than NaOH-extractable SOM. Using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS), we analyzed the molecular composition of these SOM fractions, aiming to understand the differences in14C ages and to gain insight on SOM dynamics in relation to age fractionation. The molecular composition of the NaOH-extractable SOM, which accounts for roughly two-thirds of total SOM, has a larger proportion of microbial detritus than the NaOH-insoluble SOM. This might suggest that the discrepancies between the two fractions is due to microbial rejuvenation in the extractable fraction, leading to14C results that are younger than the activity that is to be dated. However, archaeological evidence presented here unambiguously shows that the14C age of the extractable SOM provides the more accurate age for the targeted activity, and that the insoluble fraction contains inherited old carbon. After statistical data evaluation using Partial Least Squares-Regression (PLS-R), it is concluded that this inherited SOM is a mixture of Black Carbon from wild and/or domestic fires and recalcitrant aliphatic SOM.</p", "keywords": ["Radiocarbon dating", "Molecular composition", "THM-GC-MS", "SOM fractions", "0601 history and archaeology", "06 humanities and the arts", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Py-GC-MS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/179481"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Radiocarbon", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/179481", "name": "item", "description": "10261/179481", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/179481"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:21:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-25", "title": "ZnO-nanostructured electrochemical sensor for efficient detection of glyphosate in water", "description": "Glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum herbicide for controlling grassy weeds, despite having potential health hazards. Herein, we report on a solid-state electrochemical sensor based on ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for on-site detection of glyphosate. Accordingly, ZnO NPs was drop-cast on the surface of a disposable screen-printed carbon electrode. Eco-friendly ZnO NPs of only 7 nm crystallite sizes were obtained by green sol-gel synthesis using lemon (Citrus limon) waste aqueous extract as the green reducing and capping/stabilizing agent and Zn nitrate precursor as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance. SEM confirmed successful electrode functionalization with the synthesized nanoparticles. Under laboratory conditions in acetate buffer (pH 5), the sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity and sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.648 \u00b5M, a wide linear detection range (0.5 \u00b5M to 7.5 mM), and a rapid detection time of 30 min. When tested in river water, the sensor achieved a detection limit of 0.96 \u00b5M using differential pulse voltammetry. It also exceptionally tolerated interference from similar organophosphorus compounds and ions commonly found in river water. The excellent detection performance of the sensor was attributed to the strong coordination interactions between Zn atoms and phosphonate/carboxylate groups that are enhanced by a hydrogen bond at acidic pH, as determined by chemical calculations. This disposable sensor offers a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly solution for monitoring glyphosate in water systems.", "keywords": ["QD71-142", "Environmental water", "Eco-friendly ZnO nanoparticles", "Computational modeling", "Pesticides", "Eco-friendly ZnO nanoparticles;", "[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology", "Analytical chemistry", "Sensor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5084742"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Talanta%20Open", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.5084742"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-07", "title": "Laser Weeding with Small Autonomous Vehicles: Friends or Foes?", "description": "<p>Weed control is necessary to ensure a high crop yield with good quality. Herbicide application and mechanical weeding are the most common methods worldwide. The use of herbicides has led to the increasing occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds and unwanted contamination of the environment. Mechanical weed control harms beneficial organisms, increases the degradation of organic matter, may dry out the soil, and stimulate new cohorts of weed seeds to germinate. Therefore, there is a need to develop more sustainable weed control means. We suggest using small autonomous vehicles equipped with lasers as a sustainable alternative method. Laser beams are based on electricity, which can be produced from non-fossil fuels. Deep learning methods can be used to locate and identify weed and crop plants for targeting and delivery of laser energy with robotic actuators. Given the targeted nature of laser beams, the area exposed for weed control can be reduced substantially compared to commonly used weed control methods. Therefore, the risk of affecting non-target organisms is minimized, and the soil will be kept untouched in the field, avoiding triggering weed seeds to germinate. Small autonomous vehicles may have limited weeding capacity, and precautions need to be taken as reflections from the laser beam can be harmful to humans and animals. In this paper, we discuss the pros and cons of replacing or supplementing common used weed control methods with laser weeding. The ability to use laser weeding technology is relatively new and not yet widely practiced or commercially available. Therefore, we do not discuss and compare the costs of the various methods at this early stage of the development of the technology.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "alternative weed control", " integrated weed management", " non-chemical weed control", " site-specific weed management", " thermal weed control", " weed killers", "non-chemical weed control", "Plant culture", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SB1-1110", "thermal weed control", "integrated weed management", "13. Climate action", "site-specific weed management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "weed killers", "alternative weed control"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Andreasen Christian, Scholle Karsten, Saberi Mahin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-21", "title": "Straw incorporation increases crop yield and soil organic carbon sequestration but varies under different natural conditions and farming practices in China: a system analysis", "description": "<p>Abstract. Loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) from agricultural soils is a key indicator of soil degradation associated with reductions in net primary productivity in crop production systems worldwide. Simple technical and locally appropriate solutions are required for farmers to increase SOC and to improve cropland management. In the last 30 years, straw incorporation has gradually been implemented across China in the context of agricultural intensification and rural livelihood improvement. A meta-analysis of data published before the end of 2016 was undertaken to investigate the effects of straw incorporation on crop production and SOC sequestration. The results of 68 experimental studies throughout China in different edaphic, climate regions and under different farming regimes were analyzed. Compared with straw removal, straw incorporation significantly sequestered SOC (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) at the rate of 0.35 (range 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff930.40)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, increased crop grain yield by 13.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 9.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9318.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and had a conversion efficiency of the applied straw-C as 16\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff892\uffe2\uff80\uff89% across the whole of China. The combined straw incorporation at the rate of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with mineral fertilizer of 200\uffe2\uff80\uff93400\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 was demonstrated to be the best combination for farmers to use with crop yield increased by 32.7\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 17.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9356.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and SOC sequestrated by the rate of 0.85 (range 0.54\uffe2\uff80\uff931.15)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Straw incorporation achieved higher SOC sequestration rate and crop yield increment when applied to clay soils, under high cropping intensities, and in areas like Northeast China where the soil is being degraded. SOC responses were the greatest in the initial starting phase of straw incorporation and then declined and finally were negligible after 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9362 years, however, crop yield responses were initially low and then increased reaching their highest level at 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years after straw incorporation. Overall, our study confirmed that straw incorporation did create a positive feedback loop of SOC enhancement together with increased crop production, and this is of great practical significance to straw management as agricultural intensifies in China and other regions in the world with different climate conditions.                         </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Ecology", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-13", "title": "Climatic variation drives loss and restructuring of carbon and nitrogen in boreal forest wildfire", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. The boreal forest landscape covers approximately 10\u2009% of the earth's land area and accounts for almost 30\u2009% of the global annual terrestrial sink of carbon\u00a0(C). Increased emissions due to climate-change-amplified fire frequency, size, and intensity threaten to remove elements such as C and nitrogen\u00a0(N) from forest soil and vegetation at rates faster than they accumulate. This may result in large areas within the region becoming a net source of greenhouse gases, creating a positive feedback loop with a changing climate. Meter-scale estimates of area-normalized fire emissions are limited in Eurasian boreal forests, and knowledge of their relation to climate and ecosystem properties is sparse. This study sampled 50 separate Swedish wildfires, which occurred during an extreme fire season in 2018, providing quantitative estimates of C and N loss due to fire along a climate gradient. Mean annual precipitation had strong positive effects on total fuel, which was the strongest driver for increasing C and N losses. Mean annual temperature\u00a0(MAT) influenced both pre- and postfire organic layer soil bulk density and C\u2009:\u2009N ratio, which had mixed effects on C and N losses. Significant fire-induced loss of C estimated in the 50 plots was comparable to estimates in similar Eurasian forests but approximately a quarter of those found in typically more intense North American boreal wildfires. N loss was insignificant, though a large amount of fire-affected fuel was converted to a low C\u2009:\u2009N surface layer of char in proportion to increased MAT. These results reveal large quantitative differences in C and N losses between global regions and their linkage to the broad range of climate conditions within Fennoscandia. A need exists to better incorporate these factors into models to improve estimates of global emissions of C and N due to fire in future climate scenarios. Additionally, this study demonstrated a linkage between climate and the extent of charring of soil fuel and discusses its potential for altering C and N dynamics in postfire recovery.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "Climate Science", "Klimatvetenskap", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:23:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Maps of topsoil (0-30 cm) properties of Tuscany (Italy)", "description": "Open AccessThe internal EJP SOIL project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales.  The topsoil (0-30 cm) properties maps are prepared to evaluate soil ecosystem services in SERENA/EJP-Soil and for applying SOC loss Cookbook and SOIL Loss Cookbook. In particular Soil Organic Carbon content map was directly considered as an application of SOC loss Cookbook (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13951265\u00a0Version 3).  They are based on Tuscany Region soil database available at Geoscopio (https://www502.regione.toscana.it/geoscopio/pedologia.html) and on point soil data not freely available (Lamma Consortium). More information and requests to:\u00a0info@lamma.toscana.it.  In accordance with the methodology reported in the Soil Organic Carbon Mapping Cookbook (Yigini et al., 2018), the following soil properties were mapped for all Tuscany Region:    soil organic carbon content (dag/kg),  soil organic carbon stock (t/ha),  textural fractions (sand, silt and clay, USDA limits, dag/kg),  rock fragments (vol/vol),  pH in water,  bulk density (g/cm3).   They were obtained through Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) approach, based on correlations with numerous environmental factors and using Random Forest algorithm.  All the maps have a 100 m spatial resolution.", "keywords": ["silt", "bulk density", "pH", "soil organic carbon content", "sand", "clay", "Grant n. 862695", "Digital Soil Mapping", "textural fractions", "Italy", "topsoil properties", "Tuscany", "soil organic carbon stock", "EJP-SOIL", "SERENA Project"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039385"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14039385"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:23:37Z", "type": "Software", "title": "PyretoClustR (executable version)", "description": "PyretoClustR (executable version)  Distilling the Pareto Optimal Front into Actionable Insights  ##Highlights:    Open-access tool to cluster and visualize complex multi-dimensional Pareto solutions  Bridging the gap between decision and objective space through intuitive visualizations  Implements k-means and k-medoids clustering without expert knowledge  Uses frequency maps to display hotspot locations for spatial optimization problems  Increasing stakeholder accessibility to Pareto solutions   Program languages: Python, RSoftware availability (source code version): https://github.com/SydneyEWhite/Pareto_ClusteringSoftware availability (executable version, with python and libraries implemented): Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.14761001)  ## Overview    This framework performs k-means and k-medoids clustering on a set of Pareto optimal solutions derived from a multi-objective optimization algorithm.  (Optional) A correlation matrix of the input variables is returned (the goal is to help users reduce the input variable count).  Before clustering occurs, the data is cast onto principal component axes and extreme solutions are handled (if desired).  The code iterates through different possible inputs for the number of clusters, the number of principal components, and the variables that define 'extreme solutions'.  After these iterations, the best solution, as defined by silhouette score, is visualized in several ways:    Representative solutions are plotted on up to 4 dimensions  Distributions of values within the clusters are plotted in a violin plot  (optional) Maps with the frequency of a trait can be plotted, if locational data (*.shp file) is provided     ## Background: executable version  Unlike the version of PyretoClustR available on GitHub (https://github.com/SydneyEWhite/PyretoClustR), this version on Zenodo represents a standalone version of PyretoClustR not requiring a Python installation. The python_files folder contains three executables and one folder called _internal. The executables can be run by clicking on them. The _internal folder is crucial for the standalone operation of the executables and should not be modified or deleted.  ## Example Data  The data provided in the input folder (pareto_and_scen_solutions.csv and the shapefiles) are part of the BiodivERsA project TALE (\u2018Towards multifunctional agricultural landscapes in Europe\u2019). This project optimized four objectives, Agricultural gross margin (AY), Breeding habitat (BH), Low flow (LF), Nitrate load (NL) and four different land use scenarios (SQ, BAU, EXT, INT) were distinguished in the decision space.\u00a0The config.ini has been adapted to run with this dataset. To run it with your own data please alter the respective input values as outlined in config.ini.  ## Directory Structure  project_root/||\u2500\u2500 README.md||\u2500\u2500 input/|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 config.ini|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 [your_input_data].csv| \u2514\u2500\u2500 [shape_files]||\u2500\u2500 python_files/|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 _internal|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 correlation_matrix.exe|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans.exe| \u2514\u2500\u2500 kmedoid.exe||\u2500\u2500 r_files/| \u2514\u2500\u2500 plot_frequency_maps.R|\u2514\u2500\u2500 output/ (populated once code is run)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 correlation_matrix.csv (if run)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions.csv (created with kmeans.exe when Extreme Solutions are not handled)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions_outliers.csv (created with kmeans.exe when Extreme Solutions are handled)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmedoid_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions.csv (created with kmedoid.exe when Extreme Solutions are not handled)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmedoid_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions_outliers.csv (created with kmedoid.exe when Extreme Solutions are handled)\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 freq_map_cluster_X.png (if run)", "keywords": ["Multi-objective optimization", "Pareto pruning", "Land management", "Pareto optimal data", "visualization", "clustering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14761001"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14761001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:23:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "HWSD2_Climate_and_Socioeconomic_agriculturalsoil_dataset_mainland_portugal", "description": "The study uses the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD v2.0) developed by FAO and IIASA for biophysical models and agroecological queries. This database consolidates information from various sources, including the European Soil Database, the 1:1 million soil map of China, and national soil maps from Afghanistan, Ghana, and T\u00fcrkiye. It has a spatial resolution of around 1 km and is revised in 2013 and 2023. HWSD v2.0 includes detailed information on soil mapping units, general soil unit information, and specific physical and chemical soil unit characteristics across seven depth layers.  The database fields cover a wide range of attributes, such as soil texture, bulk density, organic carbon content, pH, and cation exchange capacity. The harmonization process ensures that data from different sources is standardized and integrated, providing a consistent and reliable dataset for various applications. However, the HWSD v2.0 has some limitations, such as combining soil inventories gathered at different times, scales, and precision, which may affect its reliability for national studies. It is recommended to use national-level harmonized soil databases for more accurate results in specific regions.  For Portugal's mainland, the data presented in the HWSD v2.0 dataset is sourced from the European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC), which contains various metrics of chemical and physical soil properties. Out of the 2882 Portuguese parishes, only 22 are left out, representing 0.76% percent of the total number of parishes.  The study uses several datasets to analyze land use and occupation in Portugal. The Land Use and Occupation Map (COS2007v3.0) is a detailed thematic map of land use and occupation for mainland Portugal, developed by the Directorate-General for Territory (DGT). The data is organized hierarchically and includes 83 classes of land use and occupation. The CHELSA database, maintained by the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), provides bioclimatic indexes for precipitation and average temperature over various temporal intervals and variables.  The National Institute of Statistics (INE) provides data on agricultural machinery distribution across different geographical locations. The dataset covers the total number of agricultural machines, as well as specific categories such as wheeled and tracked tractors, motor cultivators, power hoes, motor mowers, and combine harvesters. The dataset also examines the distribution of farms with access to irrigation based on geographical location.  The burned land data from 1975 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of fire occurrences and their impact over time. This data is crucial for understanding long-term patterns, assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention measures, and informing future land management and policy decisions.  Lastly, the population density dataset from the 2021 Census and the 2011 Census provides a decennial comparison of total population density across different geographical regions. These data are essential for understanding the evolution of land use and occupation in Portugal and their implications for environmental and agricultural consequences.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Total organic carbon", "Land use", "Soil use", "Atmospheric precipitation", "Soil type", "Organic carbon", "Land surface temperature"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Almeida Santos, R. G. F.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-15", "title": "Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments", "description": "Abstract                        Background             <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are emerging organic pollutants widely detected in environmental systems, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem. Despite increasing efforts to monitor PFAS in river systems, knowledge gaps remain regarding sources and emissions via different pathways. This study investigates PFAS contamination across multiple environmental compartments in the Upper Danube Basin, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, surface runoff, and atmospheric deposition. The primary objectives are to assess the extent of PFAS contamination, identify key emission sources and transport pathways, and evaluate associated risks in terms of the potential exceedance of current and proposed environmental regulatory thresholds in the European Union.</p>                                   Results             <p>The findings reveal a widespread presence of PFAS, with PFOA, PFOS and short-chain compounds being predominant. The Alz River and Gendorf chemical park emerge as hotspots with far-reaching effects downstream, contributing significantly to diffuse legacy contamination of PFOA and being a significant source of two industrial PFOA substitutes, ADONA and GenX. Wastewater treatment plants, old municipal landfills, and sites with a history of fire-fighting foam application are identified as key pathways or sources of legacy pollution, exhibiting higher concentrations compared to the other matrices. Notably, no significant removal is observed when comparing influent and effluent samples from conventional WWTPs. The study further demonstrates that groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from point sources and to infiltration from rivers, with bank filtration proving largely ineffective in preventing PFAS contamination.</p>                                   Conclusions             <p>The study underscores the necessity for source and pathway control measures to mitigate PFAS pollution, the implementation of advanced treatment technologies to safeguard drinking water and surface water quality, and targeted remediation for legacy soil and groundwater contamination. Additionally, strong use regulations should be explored to minimize ongoing emissions. The multi-compartment monitoring proves to be a crucial approach to understand the complexity of PFAS distribution at the catchment scale. Comparative analysis and risk assessment highlight challenging situations for water management, offering an indispensable basis for emission modeling as a next step for quantitative assessment of the relevance of different sources and pathways for surface water pollution.</p>", "keywords": ["Emerging contaminants", "Emerging Pollutants", "PFAS", "Source identification", "Watershed management", "Environmental sciences", "Emission", "Water Framework Directive", "Environmental law", "Water pollution", "GE1-350", "K3581-3598", "Catchment monitoring", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Sciences%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15772619", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:02Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset to: Foundation for an Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments", "description": "Dataset description  This is the corresponding dataset to the publication 'Foundation for an Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments' by Fohrafellner et al. (2025). In this publication, we created the first Near-Infrared (NIR) Austrian Soil Spectral Library (ASSL, 680 \u2013 2500 nm) using 2,129 legacy samples from all environmental zones of Austria. Additionally, we utilized partial least squares regression modeling to evaluate the dataset's current effectiveness for soil health assessments. The dataset contains three tabs, 'Document meta data', 'Legend' and 'Dataset'. Tab 'Document meta data' gives information on the authors, the data collection time frame, terms of use, etc. In 'Legend', each column of the 'Dataset' is described. The 'Dataset' contains information on the legacy soil samples including:\u00a0    meta data (e.g. sample number, sampling year, zip code, environmental zone, land use),   soil properties (soil organic carbon [SOC], SOC to clay ratio, total carbon, labile carbon, CaCO3, total nitrogen, plant available phosphorus, pH measured in CaCl2 and acetate, cation exchange capacity, texture [sand, silt, clay content], and clay content measured by density in suspension), and  measured NIR soil spectra, also for the standards.   Project description  This Austrian Soil Spectral Library was built within the ProbeField project (November 2021 \u2013 January 2025), which was part of the European Joint Program for SOIL \u2018Towards climate-smart sustainable management of agricultural soils\u2019 (EJP SOIL) funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement N\u00b0 862695). The project aimed to create a protocol detailing procedures and methodologies for accurately estimating fertility-related properties in agricultural soils in the field. Additionally, the potential for extending this data to two- and three-dimensional mapping using co-variates was demonstrated. ProbeField further collected field spectra that closely match laboratory spectra, enabling the prediction of soil properties using models calibrated with soil spectral libraries.  References  Fohrafellner, J., Lippl, M., Bajraktarevic, A., Baumgarten, A., Spiegel, H., K\u00f6rner, R. and Sand\u00e9n, T.: Foundation for an Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments, 2025, in review.", "keywords": ["EJP SOIL", "ProbeField", "Spectroscopy", " Near-Infrared", "data"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fohrafellner, Julia", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15772619"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15772619", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15772619", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15772619"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15781488", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:03Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Results of stakeholder surveys on preferred NSWRM implementation plans. Deliverable D5.3 of the EU Horizon 2020 project OPTAIN.", "description": "Deliverable report D5.3 of the EU Horizon 2020 Project OPTAIN (Grant agreement No. 862756)    The objective of this deliverable is to convey OPTAIN\u2019s optimisation approach, methodologies and results to stakeholders of each case study\u2019s Multi-Actor Reference Groups. More importantly, it will create a common understanding of the potential of the NSWRMs for improving water and nutrient retention in the CS, as well as of the associated trade-offs such as costs and potential reductions in crop production. Finally, this task will determine those NSWRM implementation plans preferred by individual actors using the tool, ParetoPick-R, developed in the previous task 5.3. This sets the stage for the subsequent in-depth, cross-sectoral discussion about a spatially targeted implementation of NSWRM.    Summary\u00a0  This deliverable from the EU Horizon 2020 OPTAIN project presents the results from stakeholder interviews across eleven European case studies, focusing on the identification of preferred implementation plans for Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRMs).\u00a0It builds on the modelling and multi-objective optimisation workflows employed in OPTAIN, which explored numerous options for potential measure implementation optimised for environmental and economic objectives.  Stakeholders of each case study\u2019s Multi-Actor Reference Groups (MARG) participated in structured interviews. Using the interactive ParetoPick-R app, they developed a common understanding of the potential of NSWRMs and explored trade-offs among four optimisation objectives, such as water/nutrient retention, crop production, and cost. They then selected their preferred implementation plans based on weights assigned to each objective and filter options applied to the solution space.  Key Findings:    Trade-offs & preferences: Stakeholders' preferences varied significantly across sectors and case studies. Agricultural actors typically prioritised crop production and cost-efficiency, while those in the water and nature conservation sectors leaned towards environmental benefits.  Common measures: Frequently preferred NSWRMs included soil and/or crop management measures, followed by greening measures and engineered solutions.  Feasibility issues: Technical feasibility, land ownership, and institutional hurdles (e.g., need for permits) influenced stakeholder choices.  Tool feedback: The ParetoPick-R tool was generally well-received for visualising trade-offs and supporting decision-making. However, some users found it too complex and suggested improvements in usability, guidance, and map functionality.   This deliverable D5.3 sets the foundation for the final MARG workshops in the case studies, which will seek to negotiate compromise solutions that are acceptable to all actors. The report underscores the importance of participatory modelling tools and multi-sector engagement in water and land management planning.", "keywords": ["multiobjective optimisation", "trade-offs", "NSWRM", "agricultural production", "H2020", "OPTAIN", "SWAT", "NWRM", "stakeholder", "water retention"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Strauch, Michael, Wittekind, Cordula,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15781488"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15781488", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15781488", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15781488"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15797289", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:03Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Database of soil characteristics under specific pesticide management", "description": "Database of soil characteristics under specific pesticide management  Contributors: Mark\u00e9ta Mayerov\u00e1 and Veronika \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1  Affiliation: Czech Agrifood Research Center, Drnovsk\u00e1 507/73, CZ-160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic  Database of soil characteristics will contribute to the realization of the project\u00b4s goal to identify appropriate and inappropriate pesticides from the point of the view of their impact on the non-target organisms and soil characteristics.  Field I.  The field experiment was established in 2024 in the experimental area of the Czech Agrifood Research Center in Prague \u2013 Ruzyn\u011b (previously Crop Research Institute). The experiment took place at the site of the experiment that had been running there since 2013 and included 5 different herbicide treatments in 4 replications (Mayerov\u00e1 et al. 2018)  The new trial area was split into 20 randomised plots with 2 different herbicide treatments in 8 replications and control without herbicides in 4 replications. Herbicide treatments differed in the mode of action (Table 1)  Table 1. Summary of the herbicides and active ingredients used in the trial. Classification Group by Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC).       herbicide     dose    formulation    active ingredient    content of a.i.    HRAC group    target weeds      Agritox 50 SL    1.5 l/ha    EC    MCPA    500 g/l    O    dicot      Glean 75 PX    15 g/ha    WG    chlorsulfuron    750 g/l    B    dicot + annual grasses       \u00a0  The area of each plot was 100 m2 and the 10 by 10 m plots were separated from field boundaries and from each other by 2 m on all sides to eliminate interaction between plots. Herbicides were applied post emergency in spring (April 26, 2024) from the tillering crop stage to the beginning of stem elongation (BBCH 21\u201331) by the Agrio-Napa 12 sprayer. Winter wheat was grown in the experimental field in 2024. At the beginning of March, it was mineral fertilized with LAD (ammonium nitrate with dolomite - NH4NO3\u00a0+\u00a0CaMg (CO3)2; 27 % N) at a dose 100 kg/ha.   Mixed disturbed soil samples for microbiological and physicochemical analyses were taken from the 0-15cm upper soil layer in each replication before herbicide application (April 24, 2024), 14 days after herbicide application (May 9, 2024) and 7 weeks after herbicide application (June 14, 2024). \u00a0A total of 20 soil samples were collected at each sampling. The soil samples were subsequently dried and sieved through a 2 mm sieve, thus simultaneously homogenised. The following soil properties were determined: pH (H2O), electric conductivity, available P and K, concentration NH4 and NO3, soil organic carbon, and total organic nitrogen content. Available P and K were assessed according to the Mehlich III method (Mehlich, 1984) on an Agilant ICP-OES 5110 VDV instrument. NO3 and NH4 were determined using calcium chloride solution as extractant according to ISO 14255:1998 on automated chemistry analyser SKALAR. Soil organic carbon and soil organic matter content were determined by sulfochromic oxidation according to ISO 14235:1998.   Field II  The field experiment was established in 2024 in the experimental area of the Czech Agrifood Research Center in Prague \u2013 Ruzyn\u011b (previously Crop Research Institute). The total area of the experiment is about 11 ha including the protective area around the entire experiment. The experimental area is divided into two halves, 120m wide and 300m long.\u00a0 One half was treated on June 17, 2024, with insecticide Decis forte (active ingredient deltamethrin) at a dose 62.5ml/ha, the other half was without insecticide treatment. Both areas are further divided into other halves. One half was treated on May 15, 2024, with herbicide Agritox (active ingredient MCPA) at a dose 1.5l/ha, the other was treated with hoeing only. We thus obtained 4 strips 60m wide with following treatment combinations: (A) herbicide + insecticide; (B) hoeing + insecticide; (C) hoeing; (D) herbicide. Spring wheat was grown in the experimental field in 2024. It was fertilized with mineral nitrogen at a dose of 150 kg N/ha before sowing and with 39 kg N/ha (DAM 390 - ammonium nitrate with urea) in the tillering phenophase.  In the middle of each strip (i.e. treatment), 8 sampling sites were marked in a row, 20 m apart from each other. Mixed disturbed soil samples for microbiological and physicochemical analyses were taken from the 0-15cm upper soil layer at each sampling site 14 days after herbicide application and 14 days after insecticide application. A total of 32 soil samples were collected at each sampling. Further sample processing was the same as for Field I.  The database will be gradually supplemented in the following years.   Funding: Development for this work is funded primarily by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, project SS07020100: \u201cThe impact of plant protection products on non-target biodiversity: soil microorganisms, invertebrates and wild plants\u201d, and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, institutional support MZE-RO0425.  The database was approved on September 2, 2025, by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic.  References:  Mayerov\u00e1 M., Mikulka J., Soukup J. (2018): Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation. Plant Soil Environ., 64: 413\u2013420. https://doi.org/10.17221/289/2018-PSE  \u00a0Mehlich A. (1984): Mehlich 3 Soil Test Extractant. A Modification of the Mehlich 2 Extractant. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 15, 1409-1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103628409367568.", "keywords": ["field trial", " herbicides", " insecticides", " soil properties"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mayerov\u00e1, Mark\u00e9ta, \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, Veronika,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15797289"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15797289", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15797289", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15797289"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:05Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Cashew orchard soil properties, Dodamarg, Northern Western Ghats, India", "description": "Soil properties of cashew orchards of the Northern Western Ghats, India  This project contains chemical properties of soil collected from cashew orchards of Dodamarg, Northern Western Ghats, for a study investigating the factors influencing the effects of forest cover, flower abundance, temperature and (potentially) soil composition on cashew pollinators.  Taxonomic Coverage:\u00a0Not applicable  Geographic Coverage: Dodamarg, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India  Temporal Coverage: March 2025  \u00a0  Description of field and lab methods  Soil collection: Soil samples were collected from 30 cashew orchards, using soil core sampler. The diameter of the core sampler was measured before soil collection. All soil samples were collected from 10 cm depth after removing all the leaf litter from the ground. From each orchard, 10 soil columns were collected for analysis of chemical properties.  Chemical Properties: We estimated thirteen soil chemical properties for all soil samples collected. The following parameters were analyzed by Zuari Farmhubs Laboratory: pH, electrical conductivity (E.C.) at 25\u00b0C, organic carbon (O.C.), available phosphorus (P\u2082O\u2085), available potassium (K\u2082O), available calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn).  More details about the data can be obtained from Aditya Satish (adityasatish@ncf-india.org) and Rohit Naniwadekar (rohit@ncf-india.org) from the Nature Conservation Foundation (www.ncf-india.org).  File Descriptions:  Data file: Dodamarg_2025_Cashew_Soil_Properties.csv  We have also included a ReadMe.txt file that explains the data file, akin to the description in the metadata.  Description of the columns of the data file:    Sl no: Serial number  Site: Site ID  Code: Site code (General location)  Latitude: latitude co-ordinate of the plot (in decimal degrees, \u00b0N)  Longitude: longitude co-ordinate of the plot (in decimal degrees, \u00b0E)  pH: pH of the soil  E.C.: Electrical Conductivity at 25\u00b0C (in dS/m)  O.C.: Organic Carbon (in %)  P\u2082O\u2085: Available P\u2082O\u2085 (in Kg /acre)  K\u2082O: Available Potassium (in Kg /acre)  Ca: Available Calcium (in mg/Kg)  Mg: Available Magnesium (in mg/Kg)  S: Available Sulphur (in mg/Kg)  B: Available Boron (in mg/Kg)  Zn: Available Zinc (in mg/Kg)  Fe: Available Iron (in mg/Kg)  Cu: Available Copper (in mg/Kg)  Mn: Available Manganese (in mg/Kg)   Funding:\u00a0  Godrej Consumer Products Limited  Arvind Datar  Rohini Nilekani Philanthropies", "keywords": ["Soil chemical properties", "Cashew orchards", "Ecology", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Northern Western Ghats"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sadekar, Vishal, Satish, Aditya, Naniwadekar, Rohit,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16017208"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.16017208"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.16261617", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:05Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset to: Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments", "description": "Dataset description  This is the corresponding dataset to the publication 'Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments' by Fohrafellner et al. (2025). In this publication, we created the first Austrian Near-Infrared (NIR) Soil Spectral Library (680 \u2013 2500 nm) using 2,129 legacy samples from all environmental zones of Austria. Additionally, we utilized partial least squares regression modeling to evaluate the dataset's current effectiveness for soil health assessments. The dataset contains three tabs, 'Document meta data', 'Legend' and 'Dataset'. Tab 'Document meta data' gives information on the authors, the data collection time frame, terms of use, etc. In 'Legend', each column of the 'Dataset' is described. The 'Dataset' contains information on the legacy soil samples including:\u00a0    meta data (e.g. sample number, sampling year, zip code, environmental zone, land use),   soil properties (soil organic carbon [SOC], SOC to clay ratio, total carbon, labile carbon, CaCO3, total nitrogen, plant available phosphorus, pH measured in CaCl2 and acetate, cation exchange capacity, texture [sand, silt, clay content], and clay content measured by density in suspension), and  measured NIR soil spectra, also for the standards.   Project description  This Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library was built within the ProbeField project (November 2021 \u2013 January 2025), which was part of the European Joint Program for SOIL 'Towards climate-smart sustainable management of agricultural soils' (EJP SOIL) funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement N\u00b0 862695). The project aimed to create a protocol detailing procedures and methodologies for accurately estimating fertility-related properties in agricultural soils in the field. Additionally, the potential for extending this data to two- and three-dimensional mapping using co-variates was demonstrated. ProbeField further collected field spectra that closely match laboratory spectra, enabling the prediction of soil properties using models calibrated with soil spectral libraries.  References  Fohrafellner, J., Lippl, M., Bajraktarevic, A., Baumgarten, A., Spiegel, H., K\u00f6rner, R. and Sand\u00e9n, T.: Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments, 2025, in review.", "keywords": ["EJP SOIL", "ProbeField", "spectroscopy", "data", "near-infrared"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fohrafellner, Julia, Lippl, Maximilian, Bajraktarevic, Armin, Baumgarten, Andreas, Spiegel, Heide, K\u00f6rner, Robert, Sand\u00e9n, Taru,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16261617"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.16261617", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.16261617", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.16261617"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.17941270", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:12Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset to: Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments", "description": "Dataset description  This is the corresponding dataset to the publication 'Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments' by Fohrafellner et al. (2025). In this publication, we created the first Austrian Near-Infrared (NIR) Soil Spectral Library (680 \u2013 2500 nm) using 2,129 legacy samples from all environmental zones of Austria. Additionally, we utilized partial least squares regression modeling to evaluate the dataset's current effectiveness for soil health assessments. The dataset contains three tabs, 'Document meta data', 'Legend' and 'Dataset'. Tab 'Document meta data' gives information on the authors, the data collection time frame, terms of use, etc. In 'Legend', each column of the 'Dataset' is described. The 'Dataset' contains information on the legacy soil samples including:\u00a0    meta data (e.g. sample number, sampling year, zip code, environmental zone, land use),   soil properties (soil organic carbon [SOC], SOC to clay ratio, total carbon, labile carbon, CaCO3, total nitrogen, plant available phosphorus, pH measured in CaCl2 and acetate, cation exchange capacity, texture [sand, silt, clay content], and clay content measured by density in suspension), and  measured NIR soil spectra, also for the standards.   Project description  This Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library was built within the ProbeField project (November 2021 \u2013 January 2025), which was part of the European Joint Program for SOIL 'Towards climate-smart sustainable management of agricultural soils' (EJP SOIL) funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement N\u00b0 862695). The project aimed to create a protocol detailing procedures and methodologies for accurately estimating fertility-related properties in agricultural soils in the field. Additionally, the potential for extending this data to two- and three-dimensional mapping using co-variates was demonstrated. ProbeField further collected field spectra that closely match laboratory spectra, enabling the prediction of soil properties using models calibrated with soil spectral libraries.  References  Fohrafellner, J., Lippl, M., Bajraktarevic, A., Baumgarten, A., Spiegel, H., K\u00f6rner, R. and Sand\u00e9n, T.: Austrian NIR Soil Spectral Library for Soil Health Assessments, 2025, in review.", "keywords": ["EJP SOIL", "ProbeField", "spectroscopy", "data", "near-infrared"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fohrafellner, Julia, Lippl, Maximilian, Bajraktarevic, Armin, Baumgarten, Andreas, Spiegel, Heide, K\u00f6rner, Robert, Sand\u00e9n, Taru,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17941270"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.17941270", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.17941270", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.17941270"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:20Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Eddy Covariance data from ICOS-associated station IT-NIV \u2013 August-November 2019", "description": "RestrictedData stored here refer to Eddy Covariance (EC) data measured in 2019 between August and November at the Alpine CZO (Critical Zone Observatory, hereafter CZO@Nivolet) which was established at the Nivolet Plain (Piani del Nivolet) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (GPNP), located in the western Italian Alps. The EC site (IT-NIV) is an ICOS-associated station. CZO@Nivolet is aimed at investigating the cross-scale interactions between climatic shifts and ecosystem functions multiple scales, involving multidisciplinary studies. The main research questions that we aim to answer are concerning: (a) the effect of bedrock lithology, soil physics and chemisty, topographic hetereogenity, biotic components and meteo-climatic parameters in modulating CO<sub>2</sub> flux in alpine grassland; and (b) what are the controlling factors of organic C and weathering under geologic substrates and different topographic positions. The investigations started in 2017. In 2019, the EC tower was added to deeply study CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>0, latent and sensible heat exchanges between soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide fluxes and environmental variables are recorded during the snow-free season to estimate carbon storage and explore CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes drivers in high-altitude grasslands. Further developments will regard the integration of different techniques (Eddy Covariance, Remote Sensing, Flux chambers) to improve both spatial and temporal extent of carbon fluxes estimates to finally assess grasslands' productivity.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "alpine grassland", "15. Life on land", "Gran Paradiso National Park", "Mountain", "EO_Data", "Eddy Covariance", "Net Ecosystem Exchange", "ecosystem-atmosphere carbon exchange"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vivaldo, Gianna, Raco, Brunella, Baneschi, Ilaria, Giamberini, Maria Silvia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4487144"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4487144"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4655380", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-29", "title": "pH-Responsive Release of Ruthenium Metallotherapeutics from Mesoporous Silica-Based Nanocarriers.", "description": "<p>Ruthenium complexes are attracting interest in cancer treatment due to their potent cytotoxic activity. However, as their high toxicity may also affect healthy tissues, efficient and selective drug delivery systems to tumour tissues are needed. Our study focuses on the construction of such drug delivery systems for the delivery of cytotoxic Ru(II) complexes upon exposure to a weakly acidic environment of tumours. As nanocarriers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are utilized, whose surface is functionalized with two types of ligands, (2-thienylmethyl)hydrazine hydrochloride (H1) and (5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazine (H2), which were attached to MSN through a pH-responsive hydrazone linkage. Further coordination to ruthenium(II) center yielded two types of nanomaterials MSN-H1[Ru] and MSN-H2[Ru]. Spectrophotometric measurements of the drug release kinetics at different pH (5.0, 6.0 and 7.4) confirm the enhanced release of Ru(II) complexes at lower pH values, which is further supported by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) measurements. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity effect of the released metallotherapeutics is evaluated in vitro on metastatic B16F1 melanoma cells and enhanced cancer cell-killing efficacy is demonstrated upon exposure of the nanomaterials to weakly acidic conditions. The obtained results showcase the promising capabilities of the designed MSN nanocarriers for the pH-responsive delivery of metallotherapeutics and targeted treatment of cancer.</p>", "keywords": ["Ruthenium-based anti-cancer drugs", "ruthenium-based anticancer drugs", "PH-responsive drug delivery", "Mesoporous silica nanoparticles", "pH-responsive drug delivery", "02 engineering and technology", "controlled drug delivery", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "cancer treatment", "ddc:", "3. Good health", "0104 chemical sciences", "RS1-441", "Pharmacy and materia medica", "Cancer treatment", "mesoporous silica nanoparticles", "0210 nano-technology", "Controlled drug delivery"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/4/460/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/4/460/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4655380"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pharmaceutics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4655380", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4655380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4655380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2020-03-09", "title": "Hyperspectral imaging for high resolution mapping of soil profile organic carbon distribution in an Austrian Alpine landscape", "description": "<p>         &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Studies on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks mostly focus on topsoils (&amp;lt; 30 cm). However, 30 to 63% of the SOC are stored in the subsoils (30 to 100 cm), and the factors controlling SOC storage in subsoils may be substantially different than in topsoils. The low mean SOC content in subsoils makes its quantification and characterization challenging. Thus, new approaches are required to depict the SOC stocks distribution in full soil profile. Hyperspectral imaging of soil core samples can provide high spatial resolution of the vertical distribution of SOC in a soil profile. The main objective of the ongoing study, within the Horizon 2020 European Project Circular Agronomics, is to apply laboratory hyperspectral imaging with a variety of machine learning approaches for the mapping of OC distribution in undisturbed soil cores. Soil cores were collected down to a depth of one meter in grasslands of 15 organic farms located in the Lungau Valley, in Austria. Some samples were divided into five depths in the field for classical bulk soil measurements (total carbon and nitrogen, texture, pH, EC and bulk density) on disturbed samples. Undisturbed soil cores were sliced vertically for laboratory hyperspectral imaging in the range of Vis-NIR (400-1000 nm). We were able to reveal the hotspots of OC and map the OC distribution in soil profile by applying a variety of machine learning approaches (i.e. partial least square and random forest regression) as a function of spectral responses. A digital elevation model was further exploited to investigate the effects of topographical factors such as elevation, aspect and slope on SOC profile distribution. Landsat 8 data were also used to depict the spatial variability of land insensitive cover/vegetation in study area.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;         </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Vis-NIR imaging spectroscopy", " Alpine grassland", " Digital elevation model", " Subsoils"], "contacts": [{"organization": "YASER OSTOVARI, K\u00f6ppend\u00f6rfer, Baptist, Guigue, Julien, Van Groenigen, Jan Willem, Creamer, Rachel, Guggenberger, Thomas, Grassauer, Florian, Hobley, Eleanor, Ferron, Laura, Martens, Henk, K\u00f6gel-Knabner, Ingrid, Vidal, Alix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5574882"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.5574882"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6202061", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:26Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Bias-corrected EURO-CORDEX RCM simulations for the OPTAIN case studies", "description": "Open AccessBias-corrected EURO-CORDEX RCM simulations are available on a daily timescale for: -period 1981-2099/2100, -6 RCM, -3 scenarios (RCPs 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5), -7 variables (mean, minimum and maximum temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed at 2 m and relative humidity) and -18 domains and 23 locations within these domains. Bias correction and further downscaling to 0.1\ufffd\ufffd was done using ERA5-Land reanalysis data with non-parametric empirical quantile mapping. Moreover, the interpolation of gridded bias-corrected climate model simulations to the locations was made using universal kriging. <strong>Organization of the data</strong> The name of the files are <em>domain</em>-<em>type</em>.zip, where <em>type</em> is gridded (NetCDF) or point (csv). Each zip file contains multiple files, organized in subfolders: <em>experiment</em>/<em>modelNumber</em>/<em>variable</em>.nc for gridded and <em>experiment</em>/<em>modelNumber</em>/<em>variable-pilotFieldNumber</em>.txt for point data, where <em>experiment </em>is rcp26, rcp45 or rcp85. <em>domain and pilotFieldNumber</em> <strong>domain</strong> <strong>domain </strong><strong>location (min and max. Longitude, min and max latitude</strong><strong>)</strong> <strong>pilotFieldNumber</strong> <strong>pilot field </strong><strong>location (longitude, latitude)</strong> <strong>case study</strong><strong> number</strong> <strong>country</strong> <strong>Name (OPTAIN case study)</strong> 01 50.95 51.45 14.55 15.05 1 DEU Schoeps 02 46.35 47.05 6.55 7.15 2 46.816667 6.95 2 CHE Petite Glane 02_1 46.75 47.25 7.25 7.75 1 46.983333 7.466667 02_34 47.35 47.85 8.35 3 4 47.433333 8.516667 47.683333 8.616667 02_5 46.15 46.65 5.95 6.45 5 46.4 6.233333 03a 46.65 47.15 17.45 17.95 1 2 3 4 46.92649 17.68246 46.9166 17.68976 46.91283 17.69754 46.91283 17.69723 3a HUN Csorsza 03b 46.45 46.95 16.65 17.15 3b HUN Felso Valicka 04 52.35 52.85 18.45 18.95 1 52.597469 18.728617 4 POL Upper Zglowiaczka 05 46.35 46.85 15.35 15.85 5 SVN Pesnica 06 46.45 46.95 16.15 16.65 6 HUN/SVN Kebele/Kobiljski 07 49.85 50.35 4.75 5.25 7 BEL La Wimbe 08 55.15 55.75 23.55 24.05 1 2 55.522057 23.799235 55.42233194 23.82580339 8 LTU Dotnuvele 09 45.45 45.95 9.65 10.15 9 ITA Cherio 10 59.45 59.95 10.75 11.25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 59.71949 10.83576 59.6833306 10.8833298 59.6833306 10.8833298 59.665 10.9475 59.665 10.9475 59.841012 10.903597 59.757631 11.072031 59.539623 10.856447 10 NOR Krogstad 11 46.45 46.95 17.55 18.05 1 2 46.658333 17.75583 46.656944 17.75833 11 HUN Tetves 12 49.35 49.85 14.75 15.25 1 49.616837 15.078266 12 CZE Cechticky 13 55.85 56.35 25.85 26.45 13 LVA Dviete 14 59.75 60.25 17.55 18.05 14 SWE Ingvastaan Lehstaan <em>modelNumber</em> <strong>modelNumber</strong> <strong>Driving Model (GCM)</strong> <strong>Ensemble</strong> <strong>RCM </strong> <strong>End date</strong> 1 EC-EARTH r12i1p1 CCLM4-8-17 31.12.2100 2 EC-EARTH r3i1p1 HIRHAM5 31.12.2100 3 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 HIRHAM5 30.12.2099 4 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 RACMO22E 30.12.2099 5 HadGEM2-ES r1i1p1 RCA4 30.12.2099 6 MPI-ESM-LR r2i1p1 REMO2009 31.12.2100 <em>variable</em> <strong>variable</strong> <strong>description</strong> <strong>Unit</strong> Tmean Mean temperature \ufffd\ufffdC Tmin Min temperature \ufffd\ufffdC Tmax Max temperature \ufffd\ufffdC prec Precipitation mm solarRad Solar radiation MJ/m2 windSpeed Wind speed at 2m m/s relHum Relative humidity % <strong>Methodolody</strong> Bias correction was done using non-parametric empirical quantile mapping with modified method from R package qmap. Parameters selected were: corrections for each day of the year using a moving windows for a 31 days; 100 quantiles; wet days corrections for precipitation. The reference period is 1981-2010. The interpolation of gridded bias-corrected climate model simulations to the location was made using universal kriging with R packages automap and gstat with (external) variables x, y, x2, y2, x*y, z, where x is latitude, y is longitude, and z is elevation. For Digital Elevation Model Shuttle Radar Topography Mission was used. If there was an error using above mentioned variables, the number of variables was reduced to x, y, x*y, z and if there was still an error to x, y, z. <strong>Funding</strong> This project has received funding from the European Union\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862756.", "keywords": ["CORDEX", "13. Climate action", "RCM", "ERA5-Land", "OPTAIN", "EURO-CORDEX", "bias correction"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Honzak, Luka", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6202061"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6202061", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6202061", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6202061"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-20", "description": "Litter decomposition is an important component of nutrient cycling and carbon decomposition in grassland ecosystems,and livestock grazing has been a major human intervention to these process.The effects of grazing on litter decomposition vary with climate environment conditions and grassland vegetation types.Alpine mesophytic meadow and alpine semi-hydric marsh meadow are the two rangeland ecosystems commonly seen on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,which differentiate themselves by not only the physic/bio environments but also the plant species composition and therefore the litter qualities.In order to understand grazing effects on the litter decomposition of these two meadows,grazed and fenced plots were set respectively on the both meadows.The rates of decomposition and nutrient release were measured for the three littler samples(mesophytic meadow mixed litter,Deschampsia caespitos litter,and Potentilla anserine litter) in the alpine mesophytic meadow plots,and three litter samples(semi-hydric marsh mixed litter,Carex muliensis litter\u3001Kobresia tibetica litter) in the semi-hyddric marsh meadow plots.The four species generally also represented the dominant species showing respectively in the reverse succession series driven by grazing and climate warming.It was found that there were significant differences in litter decompositions for the dominant species.In alpine mesophytic meadow,Potentilla anserine decomposed faster than Deschampsia caespitos,while in alpine semi-hydric meadowKobresia tibetica decomposed more quickly.Grazing accelerated the litter decomposition in general,but the responses varied with the species.On the other hand,Deschamp siacaespitos and Carex muliensis have lower decomposition rates in the grazed plots.Grazing has little effect on organic carbon decomposition and the release of C,but positively affected on the release of N and P from the litters.The patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release of the dominant species suggested that there might exist a positive feedback effect in the alpine marsh meadow degradation due to the accelerating decomposition rate and C release along the reverse succession series.In addition,Potentilla anserine,a typical dominant species of in degraded meadow,was found to have higher litter quality and faster decomposition rate than the other species,reflecting that in the mesophytic community,the plant adopted 'evasion strategy' rather than 'resistance strategy' in response to heavy grazing.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u738b\u5fd7\u8fdc Wang Zhiyuan, \u5b59\u5e9a Sun Geng, \u5434\u5b81 Wu Ning, \u7f57\u5149\u8363 Luo Guangrong, \u5f20\u8273\u535a Zhang Yanbo, \u7f57\u9e4f Luo Peng, \u725f\u6210\u9999 Mou Chengxiang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201105220671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201105220671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/ZTMDUR", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:30Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2005-01-01", "title": "Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems (PAGE), Agroecosystems dataset", "description": "&lt;br&gt;The Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems (PAGE): Agroecosystems was one of four pilot studies undertaken as precursors to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. The study identifies linkages between crop production systems and environmental services such as food, soil resources, water, biodiversity, and carbon cycling, in the hopes that a better understanding of these linkages might lead to policies that can contribute both to improved food output and to improved ecosystem service provision. Th e PAGE Agroecosystems report includes a series of 24 maps that provide a detailed spatial perspective on agroecosystems a nd agroecosystem services. Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems (PAGE): Agroecosystems Dataset offers the 9 geospatial datasets used to build these maps. &lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;The datasets are:&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;PAGE Global Agricultural Extent. The data describe the location and extent of global agriculture and are derived from GLLCCD 1998; USGS EDC1999a.&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;PAGE Global Agricultural Extent version 2. The data are an update of the original PAGE Global Agricultural Extent, based on version 2 of the Global Land Cover Characteristics Dataset (GLCCD v2.0, USGS/EDC 2000). The methods used to create this dataset were the same as those employed to create the origina l PAGE Global Agricultural Extent.&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Mask of the Global Extent of Agriculture. This dataset displays the global extent of agricultural areas as defined by the PAGE study. The other datasets made available on this site (eg. tree cover, soil carbon, area free of soil constraints) only show values for areas within this agricultural extent.&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;PAGE Global Agroecosystems. These data characterize agroecosystems, defined as 'a biological and natural resource system managed by humans for the primary purpose of producing food as well as other socially valuable nonfood products and environmental services.' &lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Percentage Tree Cover within the Extent of Agriculture. This is a raster dataset that shows the proportion of land area within the PAGE agricultural extent that is occupied by 'woody vegetation' (mature vegetation whose approximate height is greater than 5 meters).&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Carbon Storage in Soils within the PAGE Agricultural Extent. The data give a global estimate of soil organic carbon storage in agricultural lands, calculated by applying Batjes' (1996 and 2000) soil organic carbon content values by soil type area share of each 5 x 5 minute of the Digital Soil Map of the World (FAO 1995). &lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Agriculture Share of Watershed. This dataset depicts agricultural area as a share of total watershed area. The share of each watershed that is agricultural was calculated by applying a weighted percentage to each PAGE agricultural land cover class.&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Area Free of Soil Constraints. The data show the proportional area within the PAGE agricultural extent that is free from soil constraints. The area free of soil constraints is based on fertility capability classification (FCC) app lied to FAO's Digital Soil Map of the World (1995).&lt;/br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;Outline of Land and Water Area. These data are used to provide a boundary for land areas and facilitate the readability of maps.&lt;/br&gt;", "keywords": ["Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems (PAGE)", "Agroecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wood, Stanley, Sebastian, Kate, Scherr, Sara,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/ZTMDUR"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/ZTMDUR", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/ZTMDUR", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/ZTMDUR"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11572/255256", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-23", "title": "Elastica catastrophe machine: theory, design and experiments", "description": "Open Access31 pages, 18 figures", "keywords": ["Nonlinear mechanics; Snap mechanisms; Structural instability", "0203 mechanical engineering", "FOS: Physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)", "Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics", "0210 nano-technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/255256/1/1-s2.0-S002250961930523X-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Mechanics%20and%20Physics%20of%20Solids", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11572/255256", "name": "item", "description": "11572/255256", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11585/996230", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-10", "title": "Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities", "description": "The analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) is one of the most common methods used to quantify the abundance, and analyse the community structure, of soil microbes. The PLFA extraction method can yield two additional lipid fractions\u2014neutral lipids and glycolipids\u2014which potentially hold additional, valuable information on soil microbial communities. Yet its quantitative sensitivity on complete neutral lipid (NLFA) and glycolipid fatty acid (GLFA) profiles has never been validated. In this study we tested (i) if the high-throughput PLFA method can be expanded to concurrently extract complete NLFA and GLFA profiles, as well as sterols, (ii) whether taxonomic specificities of signature fatty acids are retained across the three lipid fractions in pure culture strains, and (iii) whether NLFAs and GLFAs allow soil-specific fingerprinting to the same extent as PLFA analysis. By adjusting the polarity of chloroform with 2% ethanol for solid phase extraction, pure lipid standards were fully fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. Sterols eluted in the neutral lipid fraction, and a betaine lipid co-eluted with phospholipids. We found consistent taxonomic specificities of fatty acid markers across the three lipid fractions by analysing pure culture extracts representative of soil microbes. Fatty acid profiles from soil extracts, however, showed stronger differences between PLFAs, NLFAs, and GLFAs than between soil types. This indicates that PLFAs and NLFAs signify different community properties (biomass vs. carbon storage, putatively), and that GLFAs are sensitive markers for community traits which behave differently than PLFAs. Although we consistently found high abundances of characteristic sterols in fungal extracts, the PLFA extraction method only yielded miniscule amounts of ergosterol from soil extracts. We argue that concomitant measurement of fatty acid profiles from all three lipid fractions is a low-effort and potentially information-rich addition to the PLFA method, and discuss its applicability for soil microbial community analyses.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil lipids", "03 medical and health sciences", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "NLFA", "Ergosterol", "Ergosterol; GLFA; NLFA; Phospholipid fatty acids; Soil lipids", "Phospholipid fatty acid", "soil lipids", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "106022 Microbiology", "GLFA", "106026 Ecosystem research"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11585/996230"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11585/996230", "name": "item", "description": "11585/996230", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11585/996230"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11586/524923", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-03", "title": "Addressing the environmental sustainability of plastics used in agriculture: a multi-actor perspective", "description": "Abstract                   <p>Plastics used in agriculture, commonly known as agriplastics (AP), offer numerous advantages in terrestrial agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, but the diffusion of AP-intensive practices has led to extensive pollution. This review aims to synthesise scientific and policy discussions surrounding AP, examining evidence of their benefits and detrimental environmental and agricultural impacts. Following the proposal of a preliminary general taxonomy of AP, this paper presents the findings from a survey conducted among international experts from the plastic industry, farmer organisations, NGOs and environmental research institutes. This analysis highlights knowledge gaps, demands and perspectives for the sustainable future use of AP. Stakeholder positions vary on the options of \uffe2\uff80\uff98rejection\uffe2\uff80\uff99 or \uffe2\uff80\uff98reduction\uffe2\uff80\uff99 of AP, as well as the role of alternative materials such as (bio)degradable and compostable plastics. However, there is consensus on critical issues such as redesign, labelling, traceability, environmental safety standards, deployment and retrieval standards, as well as innovative waste management approaches. All stakeholders express concern for the environment. A \uffe2\uff80\uff98best practice\uffe2\uff80\uff99-based circular model was elaborated capturing these perspectives. In the context of global food systems increasingly reliant on AP, scientists emphasise the need to simultaneously preserve nature-based and traditional knowledge-based sustainable agricultural practices to enhance food system resilience.</p", "keywords": ["multi-actor approach", "330", "Multi-actor approach", "Agriculture", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "630", "Environmental sciences", "plastic pollution", "plastic waste", "Agriplastics", "Plastic pollution", "Plastic waste", "agriplastics", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11586/524923"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Cambridge%20Prisms%3A%20Plastics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11586/524923", "name": "item", "description": "11586/524923", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11586/524923"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-8732814", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "Litter quality, mycorrhizal association, and soil properties regulate effects of tree species on the soil fauna community", "description": "Abstract   Forest management, including selection of appropriate tree species to mitigate climate change and sustain biodiversity, requires a better understanding of factors that affect the composition of soil fauna communities. These communities are an integral part of the soil ecosystem and play an essential role in forest ecosystem functioning related to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Here, by performing a field study across six common gardens in Denmark, we evaluated the effects of tree species identity and mycorrhizal association (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (ECM)) on soil fauna (meso- and macrofauna) taxonomic and functional community composition by using diversity, abundance, and biomass as proxies. We found that (1) tree species identity and mycorrhizal association both showed significant effects on soil fauna communities, but the separation between community characteristics in AM and ECM tree species was not entirely consistent; (2) total soil fauna abundance, biomass, as well as taxonomic and functional diversity were generally significantly higher under AM tree species, as well as lime, with higher litter quality (high N and base cation and low lignin:N ratio); (3) tree species significantly influenced the properties of litter, forest floor, and soil, among which litter and/or forest floor N, P, Ca, and Mg concentrations, soil pH, and soil moisture predominantly affected soil fauna abundance, biomass, and taxonomic and functional diversity. Our results from this multisite common garden experiment provide strong and consistent evidence of positive effects of tree species with higher litter quality on soil fauna communities in general, which helps to better understand the effects of tree species selection on soil biodiversity and its functions related to forest soil carbon sequestration.", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "EARTHWORMS", "Diversity", "PH", "FOREST FLOOR", "Common garden experiment", "Soil meso- and macrofauna", "DIVERSITY", "Biology and Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "NITROGEN", "CARBON", "Taxonomic group", "FUNCTIONAL TRAITS", "Abundance", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Functional group", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BIODIVERSITY", "ABUNDANCE", "Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-8732814"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-8732814", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-8732814", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-8732814"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00436-025-08483-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-08", "title": "Implementation of real-time PCR assays for diagnosing intestinal protozoa infections", "description": "Abstract           <p>Intestinal protozoa infections present a major public health challenge, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. Effective diagnostic methods are critical, yet traditional microscopy, though widely used for its simplicity, lacks the sensitivity and specificity of modern techniques like real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), making the latter a more effective tool for monitoring and assessing the burden of intestinal protozoa diseases. In this study, we implemented two duplex qPCR assays to detect Entamoeba dispar\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium spp.\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89Chilomastix mesnili, along with singleplex assays for Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis spp., using a 10 \uffc2\uffb5L reaction volume. This marks the first molecular detection of Chilomastix mesnili by qPCR, enhancing diagnostic precision. Using these, we analyzed stool samples from 70 patients on Pemba Island, Tanzania, before and 54 samples after treatment with 20, 25, or 30\uffc2\uffa0mg of emodepside or placebo, aiming to assess protozoa prevalence for this region and emodepside\uffe2\uff80\uff99s potential antiprotozoal effects. Our qPCR reliably detected protozoa in 74.4% of samples, with Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar in 31.4% of cases. Notably, one-third of these infections were caused by Entamoeba histolytica. No significant reduction in protozoa was observed after emodepside treatment compared to placebo. The study highlights the utility of qPCR in providing species-level differentiation and improving the speed and cost-effectiveness of testing. The high prevalence of protozoa in this region underscores the need for continued monitoring and control efforts, though emodepside was not effective against protozoa infections. </p", "keywords": ["Protozoan Infections", "Research", "Entamoeba histolytica", "Cryptosporidium", "Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Sensitivity and Specificity", "Tanzania", "Entamoeba", "Feces", "Molecular Diagnostic Techniques", "Blastocystis", "Humans", "Intestinal Diseases", " Parasitic", "Giardia lamblia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-025-08483-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Parasitology%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00436-025-08483-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00436-025-08483-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00436-025-08483-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "37619728", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:27:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-23", "title": "Does microplastic analysis method affect our understanding of microplastics in the environment?", "description": "Two analytical methods - both in active use at different laboratories - were tested and compared against each other to investigate how the procedure influences microplastic (MP) detection with micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (\u03bcFTIR) imaging. A representative composite water sample collected from the Danube River was divided into 12 subsamples, and processed following two different methods, which differed in MP isolation procedures, the optical substrate utilized for the chemical imaging, and the detection limit of the spectroscopic instruments. The first instrument had a nominal pixel resolution of 5.5\u00a0\u03bcm, while the second had a nominal resolution of 25\u00a0\u03bcm. These two methods led to different MP abundance, MP mass estimates, but not MP characteristics. Only looking at MPs\u00a0>\u00a050\u00a0\u03bcm, the first method showed a higher MP abundance, namely 418-2571 MP m-3 with MP mass estimates of 703-1900\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m-3, while the second method yielded 16.7-72.1 MP m-3 with mass estimates of 222-439\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m-3. Looking deeper into the steps of the methods showed that the MP isolation procedure contributed slightly to the difference in the result. However, the variability between individual samples was larger than the difference caused by the methods. Somewhat sample-dependent, the use of two different substrates (zinc selenide windows versus Anodisc filters) caused a substantial difference between results. This was due to a higher tendency for particles to agglomerate on the Anodisc filters, and an 'IR-halo' around particles on ZnSe windows when scanning with \u03bcFTIR. Finally, the \u03bcFTIR settings and nominal resolution caused significant differences in identifying MP size and mass estimate, which showed that the smaller the pixel size, the more accurately the particle boundary can be defined. These findings contributed to explaining disagreements between studies and addressed the importance of harmonization of methods.", "keywords": ["Methodological approaches", "Microplastic isolation", "Comparisons", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "FTIR analysis", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/37619728"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "37619728", "name": "item", "description": "37619728", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/37619728"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "38159777", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:27:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-28", "title": "Plant-mediated CH4 exchange in wetlands: A review of mechanisms and measurement methods with implications for modelling", "description": "Plant-mediated CH4 transport (PMT) is the dominant pathway through which soil-produced CH4 can escape into the atmosphere and thus plays an important role in controlling ecosystem CH4 emission. PMT is affected by abiotic and biotic factors simultaneously, and the effects of biotic factors, such as the dominant plant species and their traits, can override the effects of abiotic factors. Increasing evidence shows that plant-mediated CH4 fluxes include not only PMT, but also within-plant CH4 production and oxidation due to the detection of methanogens and methanotrophs attached to the shoots. Despite the inter-species and seasonal differences, and the probable contribution of within-plant microbes to total plant-mediated CH4 exchange (PME), current process-based ecosystem models only estimate PMT based on the bulk biomass or leaf area index of aerenchymatous plants. We highlight five knowledge gaps to which more research efforts should be devoted. First, large between-species variation, even within the same family, complicates general estimation of PMT, and calls for further work on the key dominant species in different types of wetlands. Second, the interface (rhizosphere-root, root-shoot, or leaf-atmosphere) and plant traits controlling PMT remain poorly documented, but would be required for generalizations from species to relevant functional groups. Third, the main environmental controls of PMT across species remain uncertain. Fourth, the role of within-plant CH4 production and oxidation is poorly quantified. Fifth, the simplistic description of PMT in current process models results in uncertainty and potentially high errors in predictions of the ecosystem CH4 flux. Our review suggest that flux measurements should be conducted over multiple growing seasons and be paired with trait assessment and microbial analysis, and that trait-based models should be developed. Only then we are capable to accurately estimate plant-mediated CH4 emissions, and eventually ecosystem total CH4 emissions at both regional and global scales.", "keywords": ["Drivers", "330", "Plants", "Carbon Dioxide", "metaani", "Modelling", "Processes", "Soil", "Wetland plants", "Wetlands", "Mechanisms", "suot", "suokasvillisuus", "Plant CH4 transport", "Biomass", "Methane", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/38159777"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "38159777", "name": "item", "description": "38159777", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/38159777"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-06", "title": "Feasibility of using phytoremediation biomass for sustainable biofuel production via thermochemical conversion", "description": "Abstract<p>This study explores a novel approach that combines soil recovery with biofuel production, presenting a strategy that addresses the increasing demand for biofuels while sidestepping the food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel debate. It also introduces an innovative method for recovering heavy metals from soils through their translocation into the solid product of the conversion process. Phytoremediation trials were conducted under real field conditions, and the thermochemical conversion of the harvested biomass was carried out at lab scale. Field trials took place in 2021\uffe2\uff80\uff932023 in Lithuania and Serbia. In Serbia, the contamination primarily involved heavy metals, whereas the Lithuanian site was predominantly contaminated with hydrocarbons from petroleum products. The harvested biomass underwent pretreatment and was then used as feedstock for conversion into high\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy carriers. The conversion products were evaluated for their potential to substitute fossil fuels. Finally, the value chain, encompassing key stakeholders and factors impacting the profitability of this approach, was established, and initial estimates were made regarding the size of individual cost components.</p", "keywords": ["biorefinery", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "phytoremediation", "field trials", "02 engineering and technology", "thermochemical conversion", "7. Clean energy", "biofuels", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "heavy metals", "economic viability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2656"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.2656"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-01", "title": "Effects Of Fire On Properties Of Forest Soils: A Review", "description": "Many physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biological soil properties can be affected by forest fires. The effects are chiefly a result of burn severity, which consists of peak temperatures and duration of the fire. Climate, vegetation, and topography of the burnt area control the resilience of the soil system; some fire-induced changes can even be permanent. Low to moderate severity fires, such as most of those prescribed in forest management, promote renovation of the dominant vegetation through elimination of undesired species and transient increase of pH and available nutrients. No irreversible ecosystem change occurs, but the enhancement of hydrophobicity can render the soil less able to soak up water and more prone to erosion. Severe fires, such as wildfires, generally have several negative effects on soil. They cause significant removal of organic matter, deterioration of both structure and porosity, considerable loss of nutrients through volatilisation, ash entrapment in smoke columns, leaching and erosion, and marked alteration of both quantity and specific composition of microbial and soil-dwelling invertebrate communities. However, despite common perceptions, if plants succeed in promptly recolonising the burnt area, the pre-fire level of most properties can be recovered and even enhanced. This work is a review of the up-to-date literature dealing with changes imposed by fires on properties of forest soils. Ecological implications of these changes are described.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "Fire", " Forest ecosystems", " Forest soils", " Soil ecology", " Soil properties.", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Fires", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "CERTINI, GIACOMO", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-30", "title": "Tillage And Cropping Intensification Effects On Soil Aggregation: Temporal Dynamics And Controlling Factors Under Semiarid Conditions", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water aggregate stability", "Semiarid agroecosystems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mean weight diameter", "6. Clean water", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro/2010030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-17", "title": "Effects Of Fertilization And Soil Management On Crop Yields And Carbon Stabilization In Soils. A Review", "description": "The study of sustainable land use is complex and long-term experiments are required for a better understanding of the processes of carbon stabilization. Objectives were (i) to describe for four long-term experiments the effects of fertilization and soil management on crop yields and the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N, and (ii) to discuss the usefulness of models for a better understanding of the underlying processes. Data of soil organic carbon and total N of four long-term experiments in Germany and China which studied the effect of fertilization (Bad Lauchstadt, Darmstadt) and tillage (Gottingen, Quzhou) were evaluated and soil organic carbon fractionation was carried out. The Rothamsted Carbon Model was used for a description and prediction of soil organic carbon dynamics as affected by fertilization and tillage in Bad Lauchstadt and Quzhou. The type of fertilizer added at common rates \u2014 either mineral N or farmyard manure \u2014 affected the crop yields only slightly, with slightly lower yields after manure application compared with mineral N fertilization. For both fertilization trials, manure applications at common rates had beneficial effects on soil organic carbon stocks in the labile pool (turnover time estimated as  0.25 mm). For Quzhou, no-tillage and conventional tillage had similar effects on total C stocks, with a greater spatial variability in soil organic carbon stocks in the no-tillage plots. Modeling required site-specific calibrations for the stock of inert organic matter for each of the sites, indicating that not all carbon stabilization processes are included in the model and that application of a model to a new site may also need site-specific adjustments before it can be used for predictions. After site-specific calibration, however, model predictions for the remaining treatments were generally accurate for the fertilization and tillage trials, which emphasizes the importance of temperature, moisture, soil cover and clay content on the decomposition dynamics of soil organic carbon and the significance of amounts and quality of carbon inputs in the soil for maintaining or increasing soil organic carbon stocks in arable soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro/2010030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro/2010030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro/2010030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro/2010030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro:2008012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-15", "title": "Yield Potential And Land-Use Efficiency Of Wheat And Faba Bean Mixed Intercropping", "description": "In Ethiopia, food production for a rapidly growing population from a continually shrinking farm size is a prime developmental challenge. Rising input costs, decline in soil quality, and buildup of insect pests, diseases and weeds have threatened the ecological and economic sustainability of crop production. To address those issues, intercropping of cereals with pulse crops could increase total grain production, provide diversity of products, stabilize yield over seasons, reduce economic and environmental risks common in monoculture systems, and thereby enhance sustainability. Here, mixed intercropping of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was compared with sole culture of each species in 2002 and 2003 at Holetta Agricultural Research Center, in the central highlands of Ethiopia. The treatments were sole wheat at a seed rate of 175 kg ha \u22121 , sole faba bean at a seed rate of 200 kg ha \u22121 , and an additive series of 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 and 62.5% of the sole faba bean seed rate mixed with the full sole wheat seed rate. Our results showed that mixed intercropping increased the land equivalent ratio by +3% to +22% over sole cropping. Increasing the faba bean seed rate in the mixture from 12.5 to 62.5% reduced wheat grain yield from 3601 kg ha \u22121 to 3039 kg ha \u22121 but increased faba bean grain yield from 141 kg ha \u22121 to 667 kg ha \u22121 . Sole culture grain yield exceeded mixed culture grain yield by + 5t o+25% for wheat and by +172 to +1190% for faba bean. Nonetheless, we obtained the highest total grain yield of 4031 kg ha \u22121 , gross monetary value of US$ 823, system productivity index of 4629 and crowding coefficient of 4.70 when wheat at its full seed rate was intercropped with faba bean at a rate of 37.5%. On average, weed biomass was reduced from 40.4 g m \u22122 in sole wheat to 31.1 g m \u22122 in mixed culture and the chocolate spot disease score was reduced from 5.1 in sole faba bean to 3.4 in mixed culture. In conclusion, intercropping of wheat with faba bean may increase total yield and revenue, reduce weed and disease pressure, increase land-use efficiency, and thereby enhance sustainability of crop production in Ethiopian highlands. aggressivity / crowding coefficient / faba bean / land-use efficiency / intercropping / wheat", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2008012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro:2008012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro:2008012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro:2008012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/acs.est.3c01816", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-08", "title": "Effects of Climate Change on Soil Organic Matter C and H Isotope Composition in a Mediterranean Savannah (Dehesa): An Assessment Using Py-CSIA", "description": "Dehesas are Mediterranean agro-sylvo-pastoral systems sensitive to climate change. Extreme climate conditions forecasted for Mediterranean areas may change soil C turnover, which is of relevance for soil biogeochemistry modeling. The effect of climate change on soil organic matter (SOM) is investigated in a field experiment mimicking environmental conditions of global change scenarios (soil temperature increase, +2-3 \u00b0C, W; rainfall exclusion, 30%, D; a combination of both, W+D). Pyrolysis-compound-specific isotope analysis (Py-CSIA) is used for C and H isotope characterization of SOM compounds and to forecast trends exerted by the induced climate shift. After 2.5 years, significant \u03b413C and \u03b42H isotopic enrichments were detected. Observed short- and mid-chain n-alkane \u03b413C shifts point to an increased microbial SOM reworking in the W treatment; a 2H enrichment of up to 40\u2030 of lignin methoxyphenols was found when combining W+D treatments under the tree canopy, probably related to H fractionation due to increased soil water evapotranspiration. Our findings indicate that the effect of the tree canopy drives SOM dynamics in dehesas and that, in the short term, foreseen climate change scenarios will exert changes in the SOM dynamics comprising the biogeochemical C and H cycles.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Analytical pyrolysis", "Climate Change", "biomarkers", "nalyticalpyrolysis", "15. Life on land", "Mediterranean soil", "Trees", "\u03b42H", "\u03b413C \u03b42H", "Soil", "Isotopes", "13. Climate action", "Alkanes", "\u03b413C", "Climate change", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "climatechange", "Biomarkers", "Pyrolysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.3c01816"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c01816"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/acs.est.3c01816", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/acs.est.3c01816", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/acs.est.3c01816"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-15", "title": "Microbial Community Structure And Oxidative Enzyme Activity In Nitrogen-Amended North Temperate Forest Soils", "description": "Large regions of temperate forest are subject to elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition which can affect soil organic matter dynamics by altering mass loss rates, soil respiration, and dissolved organic matter production. At present there is no general model that links these responses to changes in the organization and operation of microbial decomposer communities. Toward that end, we studied the response of litter and soil microbial communities to high levels of N amendment (30 and 80 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) in three types of northern temperate forest: sugar maple/basswood (SMBW), sugar maple/red oak (SMRO), and white oak/black oak (WOBO). We measured the activity of extracellular enzymes (EEA) involved directly in the oxidation of lignin and humus (phenol oxidase, peroxidase), and indirectly, through the production of hydrogen peroxide (glucose oxidase, glyoxal oxidase). Community composition was analyzed by extracting and quantifying phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) from soils. Litter EEA responses at SMBW sites diverged from those at oak-bearing sites (SMRO, BOWO), but the changes were not statistically significant. For soil, EEA responses were consistent across forests types: phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities declined as a function of N dose (33-73% and 5-41%, respectively, depending on forest type); glucose oxidase and glyoxal oxidase activities increased (200-400% and 150-300%, respectively, depending on forest type). Principal component analysis (PCA) ordinated forest types and treatment responses along two axes; factor 1 (44% of variance) was associated with phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities, factor 2 (31%) with glucose oxidase. Microbial biomass did not respond to N treatment, but nine of the 23 PLFA that formed >1 mol% of total biomass showed statistically significant treatment responses. PCA ordinated forest types and treatment responses along three axes (36%, 26%, 12% of variance). EEA factors 1 and 2 correlated negatively with PLFA factor 1 ( r = -0.20 and -0.35, respectively, n = 108) and positively with PLFA factor 3 ( r = +0.36 and +0.20, respectively, n = 108). In general, EEA responses were more strongly tied to changes in bacterial PLFA than to changes in fungal PLFA. Collectively, our data suggests that N inhibition of oxidative activity involves more than the repression of ligninase expression by white-rot basidiomycetes.", "keywords": ["Michigan", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Nature Conservation", "Microbiology", "Trees", "Soil", "Geoecology/Natural Processes", "Health Sciences", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Analysis of Variance", "Principal Component Analysis", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Enzymes", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-10", "title": "Non-Target Impacts Of Weed Control On Birds, Mammals, And Reptiles", "description": "Abstract<p>The impacts of invasive plant control on native animals are rarely evaluated. Using data from an eight\uffe2\uff80\uff90year study in southeastern Australia, we quantified the effects on native bird, mammal, and reptile species of (1) the abundance of the invasive Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata, and (2) a Bitou Bush control program, which involved repeated herbicide spraying interspersed with prescribed burning. We found that overall species richness of birds, mammals, and reptiles and the majority of individual vertebrate species were unresponsive to Bitou Bush cover and the number of plants. Two species including the nationally endangered Eastern Bristlebird (Dasyurus brachypterus) responded positively to measures of native vegetation cover following the control of Bitou Bush. Analyses of the effects of different components of the treatment protocol employed to control Bitou Bush revealed (1) no negative effects of spraying on vertebrate species richness; (2) negative effects of spraying on only one individual species (Scarlet Honeyeater); and (3) lower bird species richness but higher reptile species richness after fire. The occupancy of most individual vertebrates species was unaffected by burning; four species responded negatively and one positively to fire. Our study indicated that actions to remove Bitou Bush generally have few negative impacts on native vertebrates. We therefore suggest that controlling this highly invasive exotic plant species has only very limited negative impacts on vertebrate biota.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "weed control", "570", "Secondary effects", "off-target impacts", "animal response to weed control", "Indirect impacts", "Fire management", "590", "Non-target impacts", "herbicide impact on animals", "Herbicide impact on animals", "01 natural sciences", "invasive alien plant management", "fire management", "indirect impacts", "14. Life underwater", "non-target impacts", "Invasive alien plant management", "weed management impacts", "Animal response to weed control", "Bitou Bush", "580", "secondary effects", "Weed management impacts", "15. Life on land", "Weed control", "Off-target impacts", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/407435/1/Lindenmayer_et_al_2017_Ecopshere.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/244051/3/01_Lindenmayer_Non-target_impacts_of_weed_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/etc.4147", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-10", "title": "Nanomaterials in the environment: Behavior, fate, bioavailability, and effects-An updated review", "description": "Abstract                                   \uffe2\uff80\uff83                   <p>The present review covers developments in studies of nanomaterials (NMs) in the environment since our much cited review in 2008. We discuss novel insights into fate and behavior, metrology, transformations, bioavailability, toxicity mechanisms, and environmental impacts, with a focus on terrestrial and aquatic systems. Overall, the findings were that: 1) despite substantial developments, critical gaps remain, in large part due to the lack of analytical, modeling, and field capabilities, and also due to the breadth and complexity of the area; 2) a key knowledge gap is the lack of data on environmental concentrations and dosimetry generally; 3) substantial evidence shows that there are nanospecific effects (different from the effects of both ions and larger particles) on the environment in terms of fate, bioavailability, and toxicity, but this is not consistent for all NMs, species, and relevant processes; 4) a paradigm is emerging that NMs are less toxic than equivalent dissolved materials but more toxic than the corresponding bulk materials; and 5) translation of incompletely understood science into regulation and policy continues to be challenging. There is a developing consensus that NMs may pose a relatively low environmental risk, but because of uncertainty and lack of data in many areas, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. In addition, this emerging consensus will likely change rapidly with qualitative changes in the technology and increased future discharges. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2029\uffe2\uff80\uff932063. \uffc2\uffa9 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.</p>", "keywords": ["aquatic and soil organisms", "hazard/risk assessment", "Nanoecotoxicity", "Biological Availability", "Environmental Exposure", "Nanometrology", "Aquatic and soil organisms; Nanometrology; Hazard/risk assessment; Nanoecotoxicity; Nanomaterials", "Ecotoxicology", "nanometrology", "01 natural sciences", "Nanostructures", "nanoecotoxicity", "13. Climate action", "Aquatic and soil organisms", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Hazard/risk assessment", "Ecosystem", "Nanomaterials", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4147"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4147"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Toxicology%20and%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/etc.4147", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/etc.4147", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/etc.4147"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/etc.5400", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-09", "title": "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and the Need for a Meaningful Regulatory Plant Protection Product Testing Strategy", "description": "Abstract                <p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) perform key soil ecosystem services and, because of their symbiotic relationship with plant roots, may be exposed to the plant protection products (PPPs) applied to soils and crops. In 2017, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) released a scientific opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of PPPs for in-soil organisms, recommending the inclusion of AMF ecotoxicological testing in the PPP regulatory process. However, it is not clear how this can be implemented in a tiered, robust, and ecologically relevant manner. Through a critical review of current literature, we examine the recommendations made within the EFSA report and the methodologies available to integrate AMF into the PPP risk assessment and provide perspective and commentary on their agronomic and ecological relevance. We conclude that considerable research questions remain to be addressed prior to the inclusion of AMF into the in-soil organism risk assessment, many of which stem from the unique challenges associated with including an obligate symbiont within the PPP risk assessment. Finally, we highlight critical knowledge gaps and the further research required to enable development of relevant, reliable, and robust scientific tests alongside pragmatic and scientifically sound guidance to ensure that any future risk-assessment paradigm is adequately protective of the ecosystem services it aims to preserve. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1808\uffe2\uff80\uff931823. \uffc2\uffa9 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Magnoliopsida", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Mycorrhizae", "Fungi", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Critical Reviews", "Plant Roots", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5400"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Toxicology%20and%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/etc.5400", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/etc.5400", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/etc.5400"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-07", "title": "The effect of exogenous organic matter on the thermal properties of tilled soils in Poland and the Czech Republic", "description": "Organic matter improves soil fertility and water and thermal properties, but its content often decreases. This decrease may be mitigated by the addition of exogenous organic matter (EOM). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of EOMs, including compost from manure, slurry, and straw (Ag); industrial organic compost from sewage sludge (Ra); animal meal from animal by-products (Mb); and digestate from a biogas fry factory (Dg) on soil thermal conductivity, heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, water content, and bulk density in the top (0\u201315-cm) layer of two soils in Poland and the Czech Republic. Irrespective of EOM type, the total yearly nitrogen application rate being 200\u00a0kg N\u00a0ha\u22121 (100%) was from a given EOM at the rates 0, 50, 75, and 100% and the remaining parts from the mineral fertilizer. The study was conducted in 2013\u20132014 in Poland (Braszowice) and the Czech Republic (Puste Jakartice) on loam silt and clay silt loam, respectively, as part of a cross-border cooperation project. The soil properties were examined using classical descriptive statistics, semivariograms, and kriging-interpolated maps. Analysis of linear regressions (trends) showed that the EOM application rate influenced (positively or negatively) the soil properties in most measurement occasions. The variability of all soil properties was low and medium (coefficient of variation 7.3\u201334%). Geostatistical analysis indicated that the spatial dependence (C0/(C0\u2009+\u2009Cs)) of the soil properties on the EOM-amended plots was very strong or moderate. The maps revealed that the heterogeneity and degree of patch fragmentation were greater for thermal conductivity and heat capacity than for thermal diffusivity, water content, and bulk density. In general, all the soil properties were spatially more variable in the Braszowice than Puste Jakartice soil and in spring than autumn in both sites. The spatial analysis and maps enhance the comprehensive understanding of changes in soil thermal properties in response to EOM application. Suitability of the results from the field experiments in models predicting some thermal properties based on soil bulk density and water content in relation to EOM addition was indicated. Expressing the amount of EOMs added using the organic carbon content basis (% kg OC/kg of soil) instead of the nitrogen content basis allowed identifying areas on the kriging-interpolated maps where the distribution of soil thermal properties resembled that of soil organic carbon content, water content, and bulk density. Thus, the effect of EOMs on soil thermal properties is considered along with changes in soil water content and bulk density. The results will be helpful in forecasting effects of exogenous organic matter on the soil thermal properties affecting surface-energy partitioning, temperature distribution in soil, and plant growth.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "recycled organic matter", "soil thermal properties", "13. Climate action", "kriging maps", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Poland", "semivariograms", "Czech Republic", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bogus\u0142aw Usowicz, Jerzy Lipiec,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-019-02388-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-31", "title": "Tillage And Cropping Effects On Soil Organic Carbon In Mediterranean Semiarid Agroecosystems: Testing The Century Model", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "Dryland agroecosystems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Semiarid Spain", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Simulation modeling", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-007-0750-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-09", "title": "Mangrove Growth In New Zealand Estuaries: The Role Of Nutrient Enrichment At Sites With Contrasting Rates Of Sedimentation", "description": "Mangrove forest coverage is increasing in the estuaries of the North Island of New Zealand, causing changes in estuarine ecosystem structure and function. Sedimentation and associated nutrient enrichment have been proposed to be factors leading to increases in mangrove cover, but the relative importance of each of these factors is unknown. We conducted a fertilization study in estuaries with different sedimentation histories in order to determine the role of nutrient enrichment in stimulating mangrove growth and forest development. We expected that if mangroves were nutrient-limited, nutrient enrichment would lead to increases in mangrove growth and forest structure and that nutrient enrichment of trees in our site with low sedimentation would give rise to trees and sediments that converged in terms of functional characteristics on control sites in our high sedimentation site. The effects of fertilizing with nitrogen (N) varied among sites and across the intertidal zone, with enhancements in growth, photosynthetic carbon gain, N resorption prior to leaf senescence and the leaf area index of canopies being significantly greater at the high sedimentation sites than at the low sedimentation sites, and in landward dwarf trees compared to seaward fringing trees. Sediment respiration (CO(2) efflux) was higher at the high sedimentation site than at the low one sedimentation site, but it was not significantly affected by fertilization, suggesting that the high sedimentation site supported greater bacterial mineralization of sediment carbon. Nutrient enrichment of the coastal zone has a role in facilitating the expansion of mangroves in estuaries of the North Island of New Zealand, but this effect is secondary to that of sedimentation, which increases habitat area and stimulates growth. In estuaries with high sediment loads, enrichment with N will cause greater mangrove growth and further changes in ecosystem function.", "keywords": ["nutrient resorption efficiency", "Whangapoua", "0106 biological sciences", "Geologic Sediments", "Nitrogen", "Performance", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizophora-mangle", "C1", "Oxygen Consumption", "Plant-growth", "Herbivory", "Photosynthesis", "Deposition", "Ecosystem", "580", "photosynthesis", "Avicenna marina", "Ecology", "leaf area index", "Plant Stems", "Phosphorus", "Soil respiration", "Limitation", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "Leaf area index", "770400 Coastal and Estuarine Environment", "Nutrient resorption efficiency", "Waikopua", "Avicennia", "Seasons", "270402 Plant Physiology", "New Zealand"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0750-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-007-0750-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-007-0750-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-007-0750-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.2784", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-24", "title": "Alleviating Nitrogen Limitation in Mediterranean Maquis Vegetation Leads to Ecological Degradation", "description": "Abstract<p>Soils are being degraded at an alarming rate and thereby also crucial ecosystem goods and services. Nitrogen (N) enrichment is a major driver of this degradation. While the negative impacts of N enrichment on vegetation are well known globally, those on various ecological interactions, and on ecosystem functioning, remain largely unknown. Because Mediterranean ecosystems are N limited, they are good model systems for evaluating how N enrichment impacts not only vegetation but also ecological partnerships and ecosystem functioning. Using a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90year N\uffe2\uff80\uff90manipulation (dose and form) field experiment running in a Mediterranean Basin maquis located in a region with naturally low ambient N deposition (&lt;4\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921), we assessed the impacts of the N additions on (i) the dominant plant species (photosynthetic N\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency); (ii) plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil ecological partnerships with ectomycorrhiza and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixing bacteria; and (iii) ecosystem degradation (plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, biological mineral weathering and soil N fixation). N additions significantly disrupted plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil biotic interactions, and ecosystem functioning compared with ambient N deposition conditions. However, the higher the ammonium dose (alone or with nitrate), the more drastic these disruptions were. We report a critical threshold at 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffc2\uffa0kg ammonium ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921 whereby severe ecosystem degradation can be expected. These observations are critical to help explain the mechanisms behind ecosystem degradation, to describe the collective loss of organisms and multifunction in the landscape, and to predict potential fragmentation of Mediterranean maquis under conditions of unrelieved N enrichment. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "plant\u2013soil ecological partnerships", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "ammonium", "soil degradation", "13. Climate action", "ecosystem functioning", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Plant-soil ecological partnerships", "Ecosystem functioning", "ecosystem degradation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem degradation", "ecosystems", "Ammonium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ldr.2784"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2784"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.2784", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.2784", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.2784"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-12T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=EC&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=EC&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=EC&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=EC&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 8207, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-23T22:11:58.253295Z"}