{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-10", "title": "Interactions Between Residue Placement And Earthworm Ecological Strategy Affect Aggregate Turnover And N2o Dynamics In Agricultural Soil", "description": "Previous laboratory studies using epigeic and anecic earthworms have shown that earthworm activity can considerably increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from crop residues in soils. However, the universality of this effect across earthworm functional groups and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aims of this study were (i) to determine whether earthworms with an endogeic strategy also affect N2O emissions; (ii) to quantify possible interactions with epigeic earthworms; and (iii) to link these effects to earthworm-induced differences in selected soil properties. We initiated a 90-day 15N-tracer mesocosm study with the endogeic earthworm species Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny) and the epigeic species Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister). 15N-labeled radish (Raphanus sativus cv. Adagio L.) residue was placed on top or incorporated into the loamy (Fluvaquent) soil. When residue was incorporated, only A. caliginosa significantly (p <0.01) increased cumulative N2O emissions from 1350 to 2223 \u00b5g N2O\u2013N kg-1 soil, with a corresponding increase in the turnover rate of macroaggregates. When residue was applied on top, L. rubellus significantly (p <0.001) increased emissions from 524 to 929 \u00b5g N2O\u2013N kg-1, and a significant (p <0.05) interaction between the two earthworm species increased emissions to 1397 \u00b5g N2O\u2013N kg-1. These effects coincided with an 84% increase in incorporation of residue 15N into the microaggregate fraction by A. caliginosa (p = 0.003) and an 85% increase in incorporation into the macroaggregate fraction by L. rubellus (p = 0.018). Cumulative CO2 fluxes were only significantly increased by earthworm activity (from 473.9 to 593.6 mg CO2\u2013C kg-1 soil; p = 0.037) in the presence of L. rubellus when residue was applied on top. We conclude that earthworm-induced N2O emissions reflect earthworm feeding strategies: epigeic earthworms can increase N2O emissions when residue is applied on top; endogeic earthworms when residue is incorporated into the soil by humans (tillage) or by other earthworm species. The effects of residue placement and earthworm addition are accompanied by changes in aggregate and SOM turnover, possibly controlling carbon, nitrogen and oxygen availability and therefore denitrification. Our results contribute to understanding the important but intricate relations between (functional) soil biodiversity and the soil greenhouse gas balance. Further research should focus on elucidating the links between the observed changes in soil aggregation and controls on denitrification, including the microbial community", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "2. Zero hunger", "crop residues", "denitrification", "ecosystem engineers", "casts", "no-tillage agroecosystems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "01 natural sciences", "630", "13. Climate action", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrous-oxide fluxes", "management", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-14", "title": "Nitrogen Alters Carbon Dynamics During Early Succession In Boreal Forest", "description": "Boreal forests are an important source of wood products, and fertilizers could be used to improve forest yields, especially in nutrient poor regions of the boreal zone. With climate change, fire frequencies may increase, resulting in a larger fraction of the boreal landscape present in early-successional stages. Since most fertilization studies have focused on mature boreal forests, the response of burned boreal ecosystems to increased nutrient availability is unclear. Therefore, we used a nitrogen (N) fertilization experiment to test how C cycling in a recently-burned boreal ecosystem would respond to increased N availability. We hypothesized that fertilization would increase rates of decomposition, soil respiration, and the activity of extracellular enzymes involved in C cycling, thereby reducing soil C stocks. In line with our hypothesis, litter mass loss increased significantly and activities of cellulose- and chitin-degrading enzymes increased by 45\u201361% with N addition. We also observed a significant decline in C concentrations in the organic soil horizon from 19.5 \u00b1 0.7% to 13.5 \u00b1 0.6%, and there was a trend toward lower total soil C stocks in the fertilized plots. Contrary to our hypothesis, mean soil respiration over three growing seasons declined by 31% from 78.3 \u00b1 6.5 mg CO2\u2013C m\u22122 h\u22121 to 54.4 \u00b1 4.1 mg CO2\u2013C m\u22122 h\u22121. These changes occurred despite a 2.5-fold increase in aboveground net primary productivity with N, and were accompanied by significant shifts in the structure of the fungal community, which was dominated by Ascomycota. Our results show that the C cycle in early-successional boreal ecosystems is highly responsive to N addition. Fertilization results in an initial loss of soil C followed by depletion of soil C substrates and development of a distinct and active fungal community. Total microbial biomass declines and respiration rates do not keep pace with plant inputs. These patterns suggest that N fertilization could transiently reduce but then increase ecosystem C storage in boreal regions experiencing more frequent fires.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition", "Extracellular enzyme", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Fungi", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fire", "Soil carbon", "01 natural sciences", "Nitrogen fertilization", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Boreal forest", "Succession", "Alaska", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4z375574/qt4z375574.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.08.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-20", "title": "Impact Of Reduced Tillage On Carbon And Nitrogen Storage Of Two Haplic Luvisols After 40 Years", "description": "It is broadly accepted that reduced tillage increases soil organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (N) concentrations in arable soils. However, the underlying processes of sequestration are not completely understood. Thus, our objectives were to investigate the impact of a minimum tillage (MT) system (to 5\u20138 cm depth) on aggregates, on particulate organic matter (POM), and on storage of Corg and N in two loamy Haplic Luvisols in contrast to conventional tillage (CT) (to 25 cm). Surface soils (0\u20135 cm) and subsoils (10\u201320 cm) of two experimental fields near Gottingen, Germany, were investigated. Each site (Garte-Sud and Hohes Feld) received both tillage treatments for 37 and 40 years, respectively. In the bulk soil of both sites Corg, N, microbial carbon (Cmic), and microbial N (Nmic) concentrations were elevated under MT in both depths. Likewise, water-stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) were on average 2.6 times more abundant under MT than under CT but differences in the subsoils were generally not significant. For surface soils under MT, all aggregate size classes <1 mm showed approx. 35% and 50% increased Corg concentrations at Garte-Sud and Hohes Feld, respectively. For greater macroaggregates (1\u20132, 2\u201310 mm), however, differences were inconsistent. Elevations of N concentrations were regular over all size classes reaching 61% and 52%, respectively. Density fractionation of the surface soils revealed that tillage system affected neither the yields of free POM nor occluded POM nor their Corg and N concentrations. Moreover, more Corg and N (15\u2013238%) was associated within the mineral fractions investigated under MT in contrast to CT. Overall, similar to no-tillage, a long-term MT treatment of soil enhanced the stability of macroaggregates and thus was able to physically protect and to store more organic matter (OM) in the surface soil. The increased storage of Corg and N did not occur as POM, as reported for no-tillage, but as mineral-associated OM.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.08.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.08.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.08.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.08.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.02.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-27", "title": "Effects Of Warming And Grazing On N2o Fluxes In An Alpine Meadow Ecosystem On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "A great deal of uncertainty is associated with estimates of global nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions because emissions from arid and polar climates were not included in the estimates due to a lack of available data. In particular, very few studies have assessed the response of N(2)O flux to grazing under future warming conditions. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of warming and grazing on N(2)O flux at different time scales for three years under a controlled warming-grazing system. A free-air temperature enhancement system (FATE) using infrared heaters and grazing significantly increased soil temperatures for both of growing (average 1.8 degrees C in 2008) and no-growing seasons (average 3.0 degrees C for 3-years) within 20-cm depth, but only warming reduced soil moisture at 10-cm soil depth during the growing season during the drought year of 2008. Generally, the effects of warming and grazing on N(2)O flux varied with sampling date, season, and year. No interactive effect between warming and grazing was found. Warming did not affect annual N(2)O flux when grazing was moderate during the growing season because the tradeoff of the effect of warming on N(2)O flux was observed between the growing season and no-growing season. No-warming with grazing (NWG) and warming with grazing (WG) significantly increased the average annual N(2)O flux (57.8 and 31.0%) compared with no-warming with no-grazing (NWNG) and warming with no-grazing (WNG), respectively, indicating that warming reduced the response of N(2)O flux to grazing in the region. Winter accounted for 36-57% of annual N(2)O flux for NWNG and NWG, whereas only for 5-8% of annual N(2)O flux for WNG and WG. Soil temperature could explain 5-35% of annual N(2)O flux variation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.02.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.02.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.02.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.02.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-28", "title": "Resistance Of Microbial And Soil Properties To Warming Treatment Seven Years After Boreal Fire", "description": "Boreal forests store a large fraction of global terrestrial carbon and are susceptible to environmental change, particularly rising temperatures and increased fire frequency. These changes have the potential to drive positive feedbacks between climate warming and the boreal carbon cycle. Because few studies have examined the warming response of boreal ecosystems recovering from fire, we established a greenhouse warming experiment near Delta Junction, Alaska, seven years after a 1999 wildfire. We hypothesized that experimental warming would increase soil CO2 efflux, stimulate nutrient mineralization, and alter the composition and function of soil fungal communities. Although our treatment resulted in 1.20 \u00b0C soil warming, we found little support for our hypothesis. Only the activities of cellulose- and chitin-degrading enzymes increased significantly by 15% and 35%, respectively, and there were no changes in soil fungal communities. Warming resulted in drier soils, but the corresponding change in soil water potential was probably not sufficient to limit microbial activity. Rather, the warming response of this soil may be constrained by depletion of labile carbon substrates resulting from combustion and elevated soil temperatures in the years after the 1999 fire. We conclude that positive feedbacks between warming and the microbial release of soil carbon are weak in boreal ecosystems lacking permafrost. Since permafrost-free soils underlie 45\u201360% of the boreal zone, our results should be useful for modeling the warming response during recovery from fire in a large fraction of the boreal forest.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Decomposition", "0303 health sciences", "Extracellular enzyme", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Fungi", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "Soil respiration", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fire", "Soil carbon", "Climate Action", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Boreal forest", "Warming", "Succession", "Alaska", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2zk6k6ms/qt2zk6k6ms.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-29", "title": "Fungi Mediate Long Term Sequestration Of Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Through Their Priming Effect", "description": "It is increasingly recognized that soil microbes have the ability to decompose old recalcitrant soil organic matter (SOM) by using fresh carbon as a source of energy, a phenomena called priming effect (PE). However, efforts to determine the consequences of this PE for soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics are in their early stage. Moreover, little is known about the microbial populations involved. Here we explore the consequences of PE for SOM dynamics and mineral nitrogen availability in a soil incubation experiment (161 days), combining the supply of dual-labeled (13C and 14C) cellulose and mineral nutrients. The microbial groups involved in PE were investigated using molecular fingerprinting techniques (FAMEs and B- and F-ARISA). We show that mean residence time of SOM pool controlled by the PE decreased from 3130 years in the subsoil, where the availability of fresh carbon is very low, to 17\u201339 years in the surface layer. This result suggests that the decomposition of this recalcitrant soil C pool is strictly dependent on the presence of fresh C and is not an energetically viable mean of accessing C for soil microbes. We also suggest that fungi are the predominant actors of cellulose decomposition and induced PE and they adjust their degradation activity to nutrient availability. The predominant role of fungi can be explained by their ability to grow as mycelium which allows them to explore soil space and mine large reserve of SOM. Finally, our results support the existence of a bank mechanism that regulates nutrient and carbon sequestration in soil: PE is low when nutrient availability is high, allowing sequestration of nutrients and carbon; in contrast, microbes release nutrients from SOM when nutrient availability is low. This bank mechanism may help to synchronize the availability of soluble nutrients to plant requirement and contribute to long-term SOM accumulation in ecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "FUNGI", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "CELLULOTYC MICROBES", "STOICHIOMETRY", "01 natural sciences", "NITROGEN CYCLING", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "PRIMING EFFECT", "13. Climate action", "MICROBIAL ECOLOGY", "SOIL FERTILITY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "EFFET D'AMOR\u00c7AGE", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-12", "title": "Three-Source-Partitioning Of Microbial Biomass And Of Co2 Efflux From Soil To Evaluate Mechanisms Of Priming Effects", "description": "Abstract   We propose and successfully applied a new approach for 3-source-partitioning based on a combination of  14 C labeling with  13 C natural abundance. By adding  14 C-labeled glucose to soil after C 3  \u2013 C 4  vegetation change, we partitioned three C sources in three compartments, namely CO 2 , microbial biomass and dissolved organic C (DOC). This enabled us to estimate mechanisms and sources of priming effects (PE).  Glucose application at low and high rate (GL: 100 and GH: 1000\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0C\u00a0g \u22121 , respectively) caused positive PE both short-term (during 1\u20133 days) and long-term (3\u201355 days). Despite a 10-fold difference in the amount of substrate added, the PE observed was larger by a factor of only 1.6 at the high versus low rate of glucose. The real and apparent priming effects were distinguished by partitioning of microbial C for glucose-C and SOM-derived C. As the amount of primed CO 2  respired during short-term PE was 40% lower than microbial C, and the contribution of soil C in microbial biomass did not increase, we concluded that such short-term PE was apparent and was mainly caused by accelerated microbial turnover (at GL) and by pool substitution (at GH). Both the amount of primed CO 2 \u2013C, which was 1.3\u20132.1 times larger than microbial C, and the increased contribution of soil C in microbial biomass allowed us to consider the long-term PE as being real. The sole source of real PE (GL treatment) was the \u201crecent\u201d soil organic matter, which is younger than 12-year-old C. The real PE-induced by a glucose amount exceeding microbial biomass (GH) was due to the almost equal contribution of \u2018recent\u2019 ( 12 years) C. Thus, the decomposition of old recalcitrant SOM was induced only by an amount of primer exceeding microbial C. We conclude that combining  14 C labeling with  13 C natural abundance helped disentangle three C sources in CO 2 , microbial biomass and DOC and evaluate mechanisms and sources of PE.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.02.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-19", "title": "Positive And Negative Carbon Mineralization Priming Effects Among A Variety Of Biochar-Amended Soils", "description": "Abstract   Pyrogenic carbon (biochar) amendment is increasingly discussed as a method to increase soil fertility while sequestering atmospheric carbon (C). However, both increased and decreased C mineralization has been observed following biochar additions to soils. In an effort to better understand the interaction of pyrogenic C and soil organic matter (OM), a range of Florida soils were incubated with a range of laboratory-produced biochars and CO 2  evolution was measured over more than one year. More C was released from biochar-amended than from non-amended soils and cumulative mineralized C generally increased with decreasing biomass combustion temperature and from hardwood to grass biochars, similar to the pattern of biochar lability previously determined from separate incubations of biochar alone.  The interactive effects of biochar addition to soil on CO 2  evolution (priming) were evaluated by comparing the additive CO 2  release expected from separate incubations of soil and biochar with that actually measured from corresponding biochar and soil mixtures. Priming direction (positive or negative for C mineralization stimulation or suppression, respectively) and magnitude varied with soil and biochar type, ranging from \u221252 to 89% at the end of 1 year. In general, C mineralization was greater than expected (positive priming) for soils combined with biochars produced at low temperatures (250 and 400\u00a0\u00b0C) and from grasses, particularly during the early incubation stage (first 90\u00a0d) and in soils of lower organic C content. It contrast, C mineralization was generally less than expected (negative priming) for soils combined with biochars produced at high temperatures (525 and 650\u00a0\u00b0C) and from hard woods, particularly during the later incubation stage (250\u2013500\u00a0d). Measurements of the stable isotopic signature of respired CO 2  indicated that, for grass biochars at least, it was predominantly pyrogenic C mineralization that was stimulated during early incubation and soil C mineralization that was suppressed during later incubation stages. It is hypothesized that the presence of soil OM stimulated the co-mineralization of the more labile components of biochar over the short term. The data strongly suggests, however, that over the long term, biochar\u2013soil interaction will enhance soil C storage via the processes of OM sorption to biochar and physical protection.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "Pyrogenic carbon", "Priming", "Soil carbon mineralization", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic carbon", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.02.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.02.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.02.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.02.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-01", "title": "Plant Production, And Carbon And Nitrogen Source Pools, Are Strongly Intensified By Experimental Warming In Alpine Ecosystems In The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau", "description": "The aim of this study was to assess initial effects of warming on the nutrient pools of carbon and nitrogen of two most widespread ecosystem types, swamp meadow and alpine meadow, in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. The temperature of the air and upper-soil layer was passively increased using open-top chambers (OTCs) with two different temperature elevations. We analyzed air and soil temperature, soil moisture. biomass, microbial biomass, and nutrient dynamics after 2 years of warming. The use of OTCs clearly raised temperature and decreased soil moisture. The aboveground plant and root biomass increased in all OTCs in two meadows. A small temperature increase in OTCs resulted in swamp meadow acting as a net carbon sink and alpine meadow as a net source, and further warming intensified this processes, at least in a short term. On balance, the alpine ecosystems in the Fenghuoshan region acted as a carbon source. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-17", "title": "Response Of Soil Constituents To Freeze-Thaw Cycles In Wetland Soil Solution", "description": "Freezing and thawing of soils is a common phenomenon in the winter-cold zone, which can subsequently affect carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in soils and the leaching of nutrients through influencing biochemical and physicochemical processes. The soil solution nutrient pool in the freeze\u2013thaw period may control the quantity of nutrients available to plants in the following spring (Buckeridge and Grogan 2008).", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-06", "title": "Localisation Of Nitrate In The Rhizosphere Of Biochar-Amended Soils", "description": "Abstract   A wheat seedling rhizobox approach was used to differentiate between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere (bulk) soil amended with low and high rates of biochar (20 and 60\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  vs. control). Nitrate (NO 3  \u2212 ) was added as the main nitrogen (N) source because emerging biochar research points to reduced NO 3  \u2212  loss through leaching and gaseous loss as nitrous oxide. The rhizosphere under the different treatments were distinct ( P \u00a0=\u00a00.021), with greater soil-NO 3  \u2212  and biochar-NO 3  \u2212  contents in the high biochar treatment. Biochar addition increased wheat root length ratio ( P \u00a0=\u00a00.053) and lowered root N uptake ( P \u00a0=\u00a00.017), yet plant biomass and N content were similar between treatments. The results indicate localisation of NO 3  \u2212  within the rhizosphere of biochar-amended soils which has implications for NO 3  \u2212  loss and improved nitrogen use efficiency.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-18", "title": "Non-Linear Response Of Microbial Activity Across A Gradient Of Nitrogen Addition To A Soil From The Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China", "description": "Abstract   Identifying the patterns of soil microbial responses to increasing nitrogen (N) availability are important since microbial processes are related to the potential nutrient transformations. The effects of the addition of N to the soil microbial community of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China, are described in this paper. The study was conducted over a two-year period with trials commencing at the beginning of each growing season. Soil enzyme activity, microbial biomass and microbial community level physiological profile (CLPP) were determined at 0\u20135\u00a0cm and 5\u201310\u00a0cm soil depths. Nitrogen was added to the soil at five rates plus a control, i.e. 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 6 and 24\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0y\u22121. We hypothesized that soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass N (MBN) would firstly increase and then decrease, and CLPP would be altered with increasing N addition, due to the deleterious effects of higher N addition upon microbial activity. Because of the relatively higher organic matter in the upper depth of soil layers, we further hypothesized that the responses of microbial activities in the 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth would be more marked than at 5\u201310\u00a0cm. In partial support of our hypothesis, soil enzyme activities, microbial biomass and nutrient concentrations responded to N addition with the most significant changes occurring in the 0\u20135\u00a0cm soil depth. Addition of N resulted in an increase in MBN and a decrease in urease activity. Invertase and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) activities increased at low doses of N addition and showed a decrease at higher doses. There was no evidence of change in oxidative enzyme activity at low N treatments but activity decreased at high N additions. However, the CLPP was not affected by N addition. The results of this study suggest that N supplementation in this desert soil may affect C transformation, increase availability of N and P, and immobilize N in the microbial biomass. Responses of the enzyme activity to N supplementation occurred within the context of an apparently stable or unresponsive microbial community structure.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-02", "title": "Organic Nitrogen Mineralisation In Two Contrasting Agro-Ecosystems Is Unchanged By Biochar Addition", "description": "Abstract   Biochar additions to soil have been reported to enhance soil fertility whilst simultaneously storing carbon (C). We tested whether either fresh or field-conditioned (aged) biochar amendment to two contrasting agricultural soils would alter the mineralisation of organic N compounds. The mineralisation of 14C-labelled amino acids and peptides were determined over 20 days within each soil. An exponential kinetic decay model was subsequently fitted to the mineralisation data. Overall, statistical analysis revealed significant but small differences between the two biochar treatments and the unamended control treatment. We conclude that biochar has very limited impact on the mineralisation rate of low molecular weight dissolved organic N compounds in these agro-ecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gv6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:11Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Climate mitigation potential and soil microbial response of cyanobacteria-fertilized bioenergy crops in a cool semi-arid cropland", "description": "unspecifiedBioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) systems can serve as  decarbonization pathways for climate mitigation. Perennial grasses are a  promising second-generation lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock, but  optimizing their sustainability, productivity, and climate mitigation  potential requires an evaluation of how nitrogen (N) fertilizer strategies  interact with greenhouse gas (GHG) and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics.  Further, crop and fertilizer choice can affect the soil microbiome which  is critical to soil organic matter turnover, nutrient cycling, and  sustaining crop productivity\u00a0but these feedbacks are poorly  understood due to the paucity of data from agroecosystems. Here, we  examine the climate mitigation potential and soil microbiome response to  establishing two functionally different perennial grasses, switchgrass  (Panicum virgatum, C4), and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum, C3), in  a cool semi-arid agroecosystem under two fertilizer applications, a novel  cyanobacterial biofertilizer (CBF) and urea. Finally, we examine shifts in  soil microbial composition resulting from crop establishment and  fertilizer regime. We find that in contrast to the C4 crop, the C3 crop  achieved 98% greater productivity and had a higher N use efficiency when  fertilized and the CBF produced the same biomass enhancement as urea.  Non-CO2 greenhouse gas fluxes across all treatments were low and we  observed a three-year net loss of SOC under the C4 crop and a net increase  under the C3 crop at a 0-30 cm soil depth regardless of fertilization.  Further, we detected crop-specific changes in the soil microbiome,  including an increased relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi  under the C3, and potentially pathogenic fungi in the C4 grass. Taken  together, these findings highlight the potential of CBF-fertilized C3  crops as a second-generation bioenergy feedstock in semiarid regions as a  part of a climate mitigation strategy.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "root chemistry", "13. Climate action", "soil nitrogen", "plant tissue chemistry", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Greenhouse Gas Flux", "15. Life on land", "aboveground biomass", "7. Clean energy", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gay, Justin", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gv6"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gv6", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gv6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gv6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-15", "title": "Phosphate Additions Have No Effect On Microbial Biomass And Activity In A Northern Hardwood Forest", "description": "Abstract   High rates of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition have raised questions about shifting patterns of nutrient limitation in northern hardwood forests. Of particular interest is the idea that increased supply of N may induce phosphorus (P) limitation of plant and microbial processes, especially in acid soils where P sorption by Al is high. In this study, we established field plots and plant-free laboratory mesocosms with P and Ca additions to test the hypotheses that 1) microbial biomass and activity are limited by P in the northern hardwood forest soils at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in NH USA; 2) elevated Ca increases inherent P availability and therefore reduces any effects of added P and 3) P effects are more marked in the more carbon (C) rich Oie compared to the Oa horizon. Treatments included P addition (50\u00a0kg P ha\u22121), Ca addition (850\u00a0kg Ca ha\u22121) and Ca\u00a0+\u00a0P addition (850\u00a0kg Ca ha\u22121 and 50\u00a0kg P ha\u22121). The P treatments increased resin-available P levels and reduced phosphatase activity, but had no effect on microbial biomass C, microbial respiration, C metabolizing enzymes, potential net N mineralization and nitrification in the Oie or Oa horizon of either field plots or plant free mesocosms, in either the presence or absence of Ca. Total, prokaryote, and eukaryote PLFA were reduced by P addition, possibly due to reductions in mycorrhizal fungal biomass. These results suggest that increased N deposition and acidification have not created P limitation of microbial biomass and activity in these soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-22", "title": "Roles Of Biotic And Abiotic Variables In Determining Spatial Variation Of Soil Respiration In Secondary Oak And Planted Pine Forests", "description": "Abstract   Monoculture pine plantation (PP) was widely established after clear-cutting of natural forests last century in China. However, its effects on soil CO2 efflux (RS) temporally and spatially are still poorly understood. Biotic and abiotic factors that control spatio-temporal variation of RS were assessed in a naturally regenerated oak forest (OF) and a nearby PP in a warm temperate area of China. We hypothesized that spatial variation of RS in PP is lower than that in OF and is less influenced by biotic factors due to its homogeneous stand structure compared to the regenerated OF. RS measurement campaigns were conducted in two 40\u00a0m\u00a0\u00d7\u00a060\u00a0m plots in OF and PP from Oct. 2008 to Oct. 2009. Soil temperature at 5\u00a0cm depth (T5) exerted considerable influence on the temporal variation in RS. However, the spatial variation of RS was not affected by T5 in either PP or OF. The observed spatial pattern of RS remained comparatively consistent throughout the measurement campaigns for both forests. Soil chemical and physical parameters such as soil organic carbon (SOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), total nitrogen (TN), bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), water-filled pore space (WFPS), and water-holding capacity (WHC) had significant impact on the spatial variation of RS for both OF and PP. We found that biotic factors such as fine root biomass (FR) and stand structure parameters including basal area (BA), maximum diameter at breast height (max. DBH), and mean DBH within 4\u20135\u00a0m of the measurement points had significant influence on the spatial variation of RS in OF, while no similar significant correlation was found in PP. A stepwise multi-linear regression showed that water-holding capacity (WHC), max. DBH within 4\u00a0m of the measurement points (max. DBH4), and total porosity (TP) contributed 68.7% to the spatial variation of RS in OF, while light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) and bulk density (BD) accounted for 46.9% of the spatial variation of RS in PP. These differentiated the importance of biotic and abiotic factors in controlling the spatial variation of RS between the naturally regenerated OF and the artificially regenerated monoculture PP. Therefore, compared to OF, relatively lower coefficients of spatial variation for RS were observed in PP across the year, which was partly attributed to its simple stand structure of PP. Our findings are valuable for accurately estimating regional carbon fluxes by considering the spatio-temporal variation of RS in artificially and naturally regenerated forests.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-20", "title": "Effects Of Ammonium And Nitrate Additions On Carbon Mineralization In Wetland Soils", "description": "Abstract   Wetlands have been recognized as a soil carbon (C) sink due to low decomposition. As decomposition is largely controlled by the availability of soil nitrogen (N), an elevated anthropogenic N input could influence the C balance in wetlands. However, the effects of the form of N on decomposition are poorly understood. Here, a 54-day laboratory incubation experiment was conducted, with a diel cycle (day: 22\u00a0\u00b0C for 13\u00a0h; night: 17\u00a0\u00b0C for 11\u00a0h) in order to determine how the dominant N form influences the mineralization of soil C in two adjacent wetland soils, with distinct physicochemical characteristics. Three combinations of N compounds were added at three different rates (0, 30, 60\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 ): Ammonium dominant (NH 4 Cl\u00a0+\u00a0NH 4 NO 3 ); nitrate dominant (NH 4 NO 3 \u00a0+\u00a0NaNO 3 ); and ammonium nitrate treatments (NH 4 NO 3 ). In the acidic soil, the CO 2  efflux was reduced with N additions, especially with NH 4 NO 3  treatment. In addition, decreases in the microbial enzyme activities ( \u03b2 -glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, phosphatase, and phenol oxidase) and soil pH were observed with NH 4 NO 3  and       NH   4  +     -dominant treatment. Under alkaline conditions, marginal changes in response to N additions were observed in the soil CO 2  efflux, extractable DOC, simple substrate utilization, enzyme activities and pH. A\u00a0regression analysis revealed that the changes in pH and enzyme activities after fertilization significantly influenced the soil CO 2  efflux. Our findings suggest that the form of N additions could influence the rate of C cycling in wetland soils via biological (enzyme activities) and chemical (pH) changes.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-06", "title": "Phenoloxidase And Peroxidase Activities In Sphagnum-Dominated Peatland In A Warming Climate", "description": "Peatlands still suffer from the scarcity of available data about the characterization and the response to climate forcing of the main oxidative enzymes that occur over the seasons. In the present study, phenoloxidase and peroxidase activities were examined in Sphagnum lawns along a narrow fen-bog gradient under experimental elevated temperatures. We showed that peroxidase activities from Sphagnum mosses were 1000-fold higher than those of phenoloxidases irrespective of seasons and sampling areas. Peroxidase activities increased (+30%) with the rise of air temperatures (an average of 1 \u00b0C), while warming did not alter phenoloxidase activities. These results suggest that the monitoring of peroxidase activities in peatlands may represent a suitable and forward indicator of the impact of climate warming on carbon cycle in peatlands.", "keywords": ["580", "570", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "environment", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-24", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Drying Intensity And Duration On Respiration And Methane Production Recovery In Fen Peat Incubations", "description": "Abstract   Drying and rewetting to a variable extent influence the C gas exchange between peat soils and the atmosphere. We incubated a decomposed and compacted fen peat and investigated in two experiments 1) the vertical distribution of CO 2  and CH 4  production rates and their response to drying and 2) the effects of temperature, drying intensity and duration on CO 2  production rates and on CH 4  production recovery after rewetting. Surface peat down to 5\u00a0cm contributed up to 67% (CO 2 ) and above 80% (CH 4 ) of the depth-aggregated (50\u00a0cm) production. As CO 2  production sharply decreased with depth water table fluctuations in deeper peat layers are thus not expected to cause a substantial increase in soil respiration in this site. Compared to anaerobic water saturated conditions drying increased peat CO 2  production by a factor between 1.4 and 2.1. Regarding the effects of the studied factors, warmer conditions increased and prolonged drying duration decreased CO 2  production whereas the soil moisture level had little influence. No significant interactions among factors were found. Short dry events under warmer conditions are likely to result in greatest peaks of CO 2  production rates. Upon rewetting, CH 4  production was monitored over time and the recovery was standardized to pre-drying levels to compare the treatment effects. Methane production increased non-linearly over time and all factors (temperature, drying intensity and duration) influenced the pattern of post-drying CH 4  production. Peat undergoing more intense and longer drying events required a longer lag time before substantial CH 4  production occurred and warmer conditions appeared to speed up the process.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-06", "title": "Addition Of Organic And Inorganic P Sources To Soil - Effects On P Pools And Microorganisms", "description": "Abstract   Phosphorus deficiency is wide-spread due to the poor solubility of soil P and the rapid formation of poorly available P after P addition. Microbes play a key role in soil P dynamics by P uptake, solubilisation and mineralisation. Therefore a better understanding of the relationship between type of P amendment, microbial activity and changes in soil P pools is important for a better management of soil P. A P deficient soil was amended with two composts (low P or high P), two crop residues (low P or high P), and inorganic P (KH2PO4) at low and high P, and incubated for 56 days. Composts were added at 20\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 resulting in a total P addition of 4.1\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 soil with the low P compost and 33.2\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 soil with the high P compost. The same amount of P was added with the other amendments (residues and inorganic P). All amendments increased cumulative respiration, but microbial biomass and the abundance of bacteria and fungi (assessed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis) increased significantly only in soils with organic amendments, with greater increases with residues. The concentration of the inorganic P pools NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and HCl-P increased significantly within 5\u00a0h after amendment, particularly with high P amendments. Over the following 56 days, labile inorganic P was converted mainly into non-labile inorganic P with inorganic P addition whereas labile and non-labile organic P was formed with organic amendments. It is concluded that organic P sources, particularly those with high P concentration can stimulate the formation of organic P forms in soils which may provide a long-term slow release P source for plants and soil organisms.", "keywords": ["P pools", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial biomass", "Compost", "Residues", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Organic P", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Inorganic P", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-03", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization Losses From Surface-Applied Urea With Urease And Nitrification Inhibitors", "description": "Abstract   Urease inhibitor (UI) and nitrification inhibitor (NI) have the potential to improve N-use efficiency of applied urea and minimize N losses via gaseous emissions of ammonia (NH3) to the atmosphere and nitrate       (     NO   3  \u2212    )       leaching into surface and ground water bodies. There is a growing interest in the formulations of coating chemical fertilizers with both UI and NI. However, limited information is available on the combined use of UI and NI applied with urea fertilizer. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of treating urea with both UI and NI to minimize NH3 volatilization. Two experiments were set up in volatilization chambers under controlled conditions to examine this process. In the first experiment, UR was treated with the urease inhibitor NBPT [N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric acid triamide] at a rate of 1060\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 urea and/or with the nitrification inhibitor DCD (dicyandiamide) at rates equivalent to 5 or 10% of the urea N. A randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replicates was used: 1) UR, 2) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT, 3) UR\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%, 4) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 5%, and 5) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%. The fertilizer treatments were applied to the surface of an acidic Red Latosol soil moistened to 60% of the maximum water retention and placed inside volatilization chambers. Controls chambers were added to allow for NH3 volatilized from unfertilized soil or contained in the air that swept over the soil surface. The second experiment had an additional treatment with surface-applied DCD. The chambers were glass vessels (1.5\u00a0L) fit with air inlet and outlet tubings to allow air to pass over the soil. Ammonia volatilized was swept and carried to a flask containing a boric acid solution to trap the gas and then measured daily by titration with a standardized H2SO4 solution. Continuous measurements were recorded for 19 and 23 days for the first and second experiment, respectively. The soil samples were then analyzed for UR\u2013,       NH   4  +   \u2013    , and       NO   3  \u2212   \u2013  N    . Losses of NH3 by volatilization with unamended UR ranged from 28 to 37% of the applied N, with peak of losses observed the third day after fertilization. NBPT delayed the peak of NH3 losses due to urease inhibition and reduced NH3 volatilization between 54 and 78% when compared with untreated UR. Up to 10 days after the fertilizer application, NH3 losses had not been affected by DCD in the UR or the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments; thereafter, NH3 volatilization tended to decrease, but not when DCD was present. As a consequence, the addition of DCD caused a 5\u201316% increase in NH3 volatilization losses of the fertilizer N applied as UR from both the UR and the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments. Because the effectiveness of NBPT to inhibit soil urease activity was strong only in the first week, it could be concluded that DCD did not affect the action of NBPT but rather, enhanced volatilization losses by maintaining higher soil       NH   4  +      concentration and pH for a longer time. Depending on the combination of factors influencing NH3 volatilization, DCD could even offset the beneficial effect of NBPT in reducing NH3 volatilization losses.", "keywords": ["soil chemistry", "Urease inhibitors", "Surface treatment", "nutrient use efficiency", "Ammonia volatilization", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Ammonia", "Oxidation", "DCD", "Urea", "Urea fertilizers", "Fertilizers", "volatilization", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "soil surface", "coating", "fertilizer application", "Urease inhibitor", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrification inhibitor", "Nitrification", "Inorganic acids", "6. Clean water", "enzyme activity", "inhibitor", "pH effects", "Metabolism", "NBPT", "Denitrification", "Leaching", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experiments", "Stabilized fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-24", "title": "Biological Degradation Of Pyrogenic Organic Matter In Temperate Forest Soils", "description": "Abstract   Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), derived from the incomplete combustion of plant biomass and fossil fuels, has been considered one of the most stable pools of soil organic matter (SOM) and a potentially important terrestrial sink for atmospheric CO 2 . Recent evidence suggests that PyOM may degrade faster in soil than previously thought, and can affect native SOM turnover rates. We conducted a six-month laboratory incubation study to better understand the processes controlling the degradation of PyOM in soils using dual-enriched ( 13 C/ 15 N) PyOM and its precursor wood ( Pinus ponderosa ). We examined the effects of soil type and inorganic N addition on PyOM and wood C and N mineralization rates, microbial C utilization patterns, and native SOM turnover rates. PyOM charred at 450\u00a0\u00b0C or its precursor pine wood was incubated in two temperate forest subsoils with contrasting short range order (SRO) clay mineralogy (granite versus andesite parent material). Duplicates of experimental treatments with and without PyOM added were sterilized and abiotic C mineralization was quantified. In a second incubation, PyOM or wood was incubated in granitic soil with and without added NH 4 NO 3  (20\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ). The fate of  13 C/ 15 N-enriched PyOM and wood was followed as soil-respired  13 CO 2  and total extractable inorganic  15 N. The uptake of  13 C from PyOM and wood by soil microbial community groups was quantified using  13 C-phospholipids fatty acids (PLFA). We found that (1) The mean residence time (MRT) of PyOM-C was on a centennial time scale (390\u2013600\u00a0yr) in both soil types; (2) PyOM-C mineralization was mainly biologically mediated; (3) Fungi more actively utilized wood-C than PyOM-C, which was utilized by all bacteria groups, especially gram (+) bacteria in the andesite (AN) soil; (4) PyOM-N mineralization was 2 times greater in granite (GR) than in AN soils; (5) PyOM additions did not affect native soil C or N mineralization rates, microbial biomass, or PLFA-defined microbial community composition in either soil; (6) The addition of N to GR soil had no effect on the MRT of C from PyOM, wood, or native SOM. The centennial scale MRT for PyOM-C was 32 times slower than that for the precursor pine wood-C or native soil C, which is faster than the MRT used in ecosystem models. Our results show that PyOM-C is readily utilized by all heterotrophic microbial groups, and PyOM-C and -N may be more dynamic in soils than previously thought.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-17", "title": "Assessment Of Tillage Erosion Rates On Steep Slopes In Northern Laos", "description": "Abstract   In the hills of south-east Asia shifting cultivation is developing towards more permanent cropping systems. In association with short fallow periods, fields suffer from weed pressure and this, in turn, leads to more frequent and deeper manual tillage. Due to steep slopes these operations induce tillage erosion. Measurements of such soil losses under on-farm conditions are still scarce. In this study tillage erosion was assessed and a predictive model of tillage erosion was established based on slope angle and contact cover, i.e. basal crop area and weed cover. The experiments were conducted in the Houay Pano, Northern Laos. The farmers cultivate annual crops in rotation with 1\u20133 year fallow periods without external inputs and using only hand tools. Tillage erosion was assessed using the tracer method across nine slope classes (0.30\u20131.10\u00a0m\u00a0m \u22121 ) for two crops, upland rice and Job's tears ( Coix lacryma-jobi  L.). Soil movement due to land preparation and weeding were assessed separately because different tools are used, a medium size hoe and a small curved hoe. A multivariate regression showed a highly significant relation ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.83) between soil losses due to land preparation, slope gradient and contact cover. Predicting models of soil losses due to weeding were also highly significant ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.79 for upland rice,  R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.88 for Job's tears), confirming the importance of tillage erosion on steep slopes (4, 6 and 11\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  on slopes with gradients of 0.30, 0.60 and 0.90\u00a0m\u00a0m \u22121 , respectively). Tillage erosion has increased exponentially over the last 40 years because of weed invasion associated with short fallow periods; the initially no-till system has changed into a system heavily dependent on tillage to control weeds and this greatly contributes to soil degradation.", "keywords": ["subsistence farming", "2. Zero hunger", "weed control", "Upland rice", "sloping land", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "shifting cultivation", "Weed pressure", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Tillage erosion", "Steep slopes", "upland rice", "Job's tears", "tillage", "Shifting cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-29", "title": "Physico-Chemical Indicators And Microarthropod Communities As Influenced By No-Till, Conventional Tillage And Nitrogen Fertilisation After Four Years Of Continuous Maize", "description": "Abstract   A multidisciplinary study was carried out over four years in Northern Italy on a silt loam under continuous maize. The experimental design was a split-plot with four replicates; the main factor was the soil management system, conventional tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT), while the secondary factor was N fertilisation. At the end of the trial, soil samples were taken from all plots at four depths (from 0 to 20\u00a0cm). In these samples the following were determined: pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, available P, exchangeable K, cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC) and water aggregate stability (WAS). Soil compaction was measured during the last three years, after maize harvesting. To study the microarthropod community, soil samples (0\u201310\u00a0cm depth) were taken six times over the four years. Our results show that NT significantly increased SOC (+15.8%), total N (+9.6%), C/N (+5.3%), exchangeable K (+37.1%) and WAS (+64.8%). The stratification ratio for exchangeable K reached 2.15 for NT plots. N fertilisation, on the other hand, had no significant effect on most of the physico-chemical indicators, except for pH, CEC and EC. Soil compaction was significantly higher for NT compared with CT up to a depth of 25\u201330\u00a0cm. During the last year, interesting reductions in soil penetration resistance for NT were measured, up to 300\u2013430\u00a0kPa in the 2.5\u201312.5\u00a0cm layer. As for the microarthropods, Acari were more sensitive to tillage compared with Collembola, and the Wardle  V  index proved to be a good indicator of the response to tillage. N fertilisation with 300\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121  had a negative effect on the total microarthropod abundance. The Shannon diversity index gave fluctuating and significantly different results: over the years results were split alternately between the two tillage systems. The QBS-ar index, calculated for all the four years of the study, ranged between 48 and 72, values typical of intensively cultivated soils. The results obtained suggested that it was not influenced by the tillage system. Therefore, this index seems to be unsuitable for detecting the influence of tillage management and N fertilisation on the microarthropod community.", "keywords": ["Biological indices", "2. Zero hunger", "Physico-chemical indicators", "No-tillage", "Microarthropod community", "610", "microartropodi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "non lavorazione", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "indice V di Wardle", "Wardle V index", "indici biologici", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compattamento del suolo", "Soil compaction", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-29", "title": "Chars Produced By Slow Pyrolysis And Hydrothermal Carbonization Vary In Carbon Sequestration Potential And Greenhouse Gases Emissions", "description": "Bio-char, biomass that has been deliberately charred to slow its rate of decomposition, has been proposed as an amendment with the potential to sequester carbon and improve certain soil properties. Slow pyrolysis (temperature \u2264500\u00b0C) and hydrothermal carbonization (low temperature, high pressure) are two efficient methods to produce bio-char with high yield and are applicable to a broad range of feedstocks. Chars made using slow pyrolysis (PC) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the same feedstock material (corn, C4) differed in physical appearance, chemical properties and decomposition behavior. We added these HTC and PC chars as amendments to three soils with C3-derived organic matter that differed in clay content, pH, and land use (managed spruce forest, unmanaged deciduous forest and agriculture), and compared their impacts on carbon sequestration and net greenhouse gas (CO2, 13CO2, N2O and CH4) emissions. HTC addition (1% w/w) significantly increased CO2 emissions in all three soils (p<0.001), with much of the extra C derived from HTC decomposition. In contrast, PC addition (1% w/w) had almost no impact on deciduous forest soil and actually decreased CO2 emission from the agricultural soil. HTC treatment resulted in increased CH4 emission from all soils but reduced N2O fluxes in the agricultural and spruce forest soils. PC amendment had no significant effect on CH4 emission, and resulted in intermediate levels of N2O emission (between control and HTC treatments). Although both HTC and PC chars were produced from the same feedstock, PC had markedly higher potential for carbon sequestration than HTC. \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Life on Land", "GHGs", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Climate Action", "Laboratory incubation", "Dry and wet pyrolysis", "13. Climate action", "delta C-13", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bio-char", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt85k758t2/qt85k758t2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.034", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-18", "title": "Microbial Enzymatic Responses To Drought And To Nitrogen Addition In A Southern California Grassland", "description": "Microbial enzymes play a fundamental role in ecosystem processes and nutrient mineralization. Therefore understanding enzyme responses to anthropogenic environmental change is important for predicting ecosystem function in the future. In a previous study, we used a reciprocal transplant design to examine the direct and indirect effects of drought and nitrogen (N) fertilization on litter decomposition in a southern California grassland. This work showed direct and indirect negative effects of drought on decomposition, and faster decomposition by N-adapted microbial communities in N-fertilized plots than in non-fertilized plots. Here we measured microbial biomass and the activities of nine extracellular enzymes to examine the microbial and enzymatic mechanisms underlying litter decomposition responses to drought and N. We hypothesized that changes in fungal biomass and potential extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) would relate directly to litter decomposition responses. We also predicted that fungal biomass would dominate the microbial community in our semi-arid study site. However, we found that the microbial community was dominated by bacterial biomass, and that bacteria responded negatively to drought treatment. In contrast to patterns in decomposition, fungal biomass and most potential EEA increased in direct response to drought treatment. Potential EEA was also decoupled from the decomposition response to N treatment. These results suggest that drought and N alter the efficiencies of EEA, defined as the mass of target substrate lost per unit potential EEA. Enzyme efficiencies declined with drought treatment, possibly because reduced water availability increased enzyme immobilization and reduced diffusion rates. In the N experiment, the efficiencies of \u03b2-glucosidase, \u03b2-xylosidase, and polyphenol oxidase were greater when microbes were transplanted into environments from which they originated. This increase in enzymatic efficiency suggests that microbial enzymes may adapt to their local environment. Overall, our results indicate that drought and N addition may have predictable impacts on the efficiencies of extracellular enzymes, providing a means of linking enzyme potentials with in-situ activities.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Drought", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Fungi", "Litter decomposition", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "Precipitation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Enzyme efficiency", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Nitrogen fertilization", "Affordable and Clean Energy", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Glucosidase", "Oxidase", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt8fw4q1cf/qt8fw4q1cf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.034"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.034", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.034", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.034"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-25", "title": "Tropical Agricultural Land Management Influences On Soil Microbial Communities Through Its Effect On Soil Organic Carbon", "description": "Abstract   We analyzed the microbial community that developed after 4 years of testing different soil-crop management systems in the savannah\u2013forest transition zone of Eastern Ghana where management systems can rapidly alter stored soil carbon as well as soil fertility. The agricultural managements were: (i) the local practice of fallow regrowth of native elephant grass ( Pennisetum purpureum ) followed by biomass burning before planting maize in the spring, (ii) the same practice but without burning and the maize receiving mineral nitrogen fertilizer, (iii) a winter crop of a legume, pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan ), followed by maize, (iv) vegetation free winter period (bare fallow) followed by maize, and (v) unmanaged elephant grass-shrub vegetation. The mean soil organic carbon (SOC) contents of the soils after 4 years were: 1.29, 1.67, 1.54, 0.80 and 1.34%, respectively, differences that should affect resources for the microbial community.  From about 290,000 sequences obtained by pyrosequencing the SSU rRNA gene, canonical correspondence analysis showed that SOC was the most important factor that explained differences in microbial community structure among treatments. This analysis as well as phylogenetic ecological network construction indicated that members of the  Acidobacteria  GP4 and GP6 were more abundant in soils with relatively high SOC whereas  Acidobacteria  GP1, GP7, and  Actinobacteria  were more prevalent in soil with lower SOC. Burning of winter fallow vegetation led to an increase in Bacillales, especially those belonging to spore-forming genera. Of the managements, pigeon-pea cultivation during the winter period promoted a higher microbial diversity and also sequestered more SOC, presumably improving soil structure, fertility, and resiliency.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bacillales", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Life on Land", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "SSU rRNA genes", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil organic carbon loss", "Acidobacteria", "Pigeon-pea winter-period cultivation", "13. Climate action", "Microbial community", "Zero Hunger", "Environmental Sciences", "Tropical agricultural practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2f60c133/qt2f60c133.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-12", "title": "Microbial Response To Rhizodeposition Depending On Water Regimes In Paddy Soils", "description": "Abstract   Rhizodeposit-carbon (rhizo-C) serves as a primary energy and C source for microorganisms in the rhizosphere. Despite important progress in understanding the fate of rhizo-C in upland soils, little is known about microbial community dynamics associated with rhizo-C in flooded soils, especially depending on water regimes in rice systems. In this study, rice grown under non-flooded, continuously flooded and alternating water regimes was pulse labeled with  13 CO 2  and the incorporation of rhizo-C into specific microbial groups was determined by  13 C in phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) at day 2 and 14 after the labeling.  A decreased C released from roots under continuously flooded condition was accompanied with lower total  13 C incorporation into microorganisms compared to the non-flooded and alternating water regimes treatments. Continuous flooding caused a relative increase of  13 C incorporation in Gram positive bacteria (i14:0, i15:0, a15:0, i16:0, i17:0, a17:0). In contrast, Gram negative bacteria (16:1\u03c97c, 18:1\u03c97c, cy17:0, cy 19:0) and fungi (18:2\u03c96, 9c, 18:1\u03c99c) showed greater rhizo-C incorporation coupled with a higher turnover under non-flooded and alternating water regimes treatments. These observations suggest that microbial groups processing rhizo-C differed among rice systems with varying water regimes. In contrast to non-flooded and alternating water regimes, there was little to no temporal  13 C change in most microbial groups under continuous flooding condition between day 2 and 14 after the labeling, which may demonstrate slower microbial processing turnover. In summary, our findings indicate that belowground C input by rhizodeposition and its biological cycling was significantly influenced by water regimes in rice systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-06", "title": "Nitrite Intensity Explains N Management Effects On N2o Emissions In Maize", "description": "Abstract   It is typically assumed that the dependence of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions on soil nitrogen (N) availability is best quantified in terms of ammonium      (    NH  4  +    )      and/or nitrate      (    NO  3  \u2212    )      concentrations. In contrast, nitrite      (    NO  2  \u2212    )      is seldom measured separately from      NO  3  \u2212      despite its role as a central substrate in N2O production. We examined the effects of three N fertilizer sources and two placement methods on N2O and N dynamics in maize over two growing seasons. Cumulative N2O emissions were well-correlated with      NO  2  \u2212      intensity (NO2I) but not with      NO  3  \u2212      (NO3I) or      NH  4  +      (NH4I) intensity. By itself, NO2I explained more than 44% of the overall variance in N2O. Treatment effects on N2O and NO2I were similar. When conventional urea (U) was applied using mid-row banding (MRB), both N2O and NO2I increased by a factor of about 2 compared to broadcast/incorporated (BI). When polymer-coated urea (PCU) was the N source, MRB placement increased both N2O and NO2I compared to BI only in the wetter of the two years. When urea with microbial inhibitors (IU) was the N source, N2O and NO2I were lowest across both years and were less affected by placement than U or PCU. A 50/50 mix of IU and U reduced N2O and NO2I compared to U alone, suggesting that a mixed N source may provide an economical N2O mitigation strategy. Our results show that practices which reduce      NO  2  \u2212      accumulation have the potential to also reduce N2O emissions, and that separate consideration of      NO  3  \u2212      and      NO  2  \u2212      dynamics can provide more insight than their combined dynamics as typically quantified.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-11", "title": "Microbial Interactions Affect Sources Of Priming Induced By Cellulose", "description": "Abstract   The recently developed 3-source-partitioning approach: addition of  14 C labeled organics to soil after C3\u2013C4 vegetation changes, was used to distinguish C sources in three compartments, namely CO 2 , microbial biomass and dissolved organic C (DOC) during decomposition of labeled cellulose. Microbial community structure (based on PLFA composition) and functions (based on enzyme activities and on microbial growth parameters) revealed mechanisms and drivers of priming effects (PE) induced by cellulose addition.   14 C-cellulose input caused negative PE within the first week and was accompanied by fast consumption of unlabelled DOC and its incorporation into microbial biomass. Microbial activation however, was not confirmed by substrate-induced respiration, nor by hydrolytic enzymes activity or by PLFA changes. A remarkable exception was a 2-fold increase in protozoan PLFA. Such an increase indicates that microorganisms feeding on cellulose and on DOC were quickly grazed by protozoans acting as a driver of microbial succession. This experimentally demonstrates the functioning of the microbial interactions: protozoan grazers provided for rapid recycling of nutrients and facilitated the succession of cellulose-degrading microorganisms during the second week of cellulose decomposition. An increase in the activity of cellulolytic enzymes caused short-term real PE accompanied by increase in abundance of slow-growing fungi and G(\u2212) bacteria. Long-term real PE observed between 14 and 60 days after cellulose input was due to decomposition of SOM-originated hemicelluloses by fungi and G(+) bacteria. The CO 2  released by primed soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition was originated mainly from C younger than 12 years (63%) and only 37% were older than 12 years despite the recent and old C contributed almost equally (51 and 49%, respectively) to SOM under  Miscanthus giganteus . This indicates that the SOM pools are involved in PE according to their availability. Despite 71% of the applied cellulose-C was sequestered in the soil, the net soil C-gain amounted only for 28% of the applied cellulose-C after factoring in the C losses by the PE. Our study emphasizes the role of food webs in the PE dynamics: cellulose input served as a driver activating the food chain through the microbial loop.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-17", "title": "Effects Of Freeze-Thaw Cycles Resulting From Winter Climate Change On Soil Nitrogen Cycling In Ten Temperate Forest Ecosystems Throughout The Japanese Archipelago", "description": "In temperate forest ecosystems, accelerated freeze\u2013thaw cycles caused by winter climate change are expected to affect nitrogen (N) cycling in soils. Net N mineralization and nitrification rates were investigated via incubations of sieved soils transplanted from ten temperate forest ecosystems to two northern Japan sites with natural snowfall gradients. This was done to address: 1) how freeze\u2013thaw cycles affect N mineralization and nitrification in temperate forest soils; 2) whether freeze\u2013thaw cycles change the soil N transformation rates in the following growing season; and 3) which soil characteristics affect the response of the N transformation rates to freeze\u2013thaw cycles. The effect of freeze\u2013thaw cycles on inorganic N and dissolved organic carbon productions differed among soils, that is, some soils produced more inorganic N and dissolved organic carbon in the conditions imposed by freeze thaw cycles than in the non-frozen treatment but the others did not. The response to the freeze\u2013thaw cycles was explained by soil microbial activity (gross N mineralization and nitrification rate) and soil fertility (inorganic N pools in the early spring and water soluble ions). Freeze\u2013thaw cycles significantly increased N transformation rates in the following growing season, suggesting that winter climate change might also affect nutrient availability for vegetation and soil microbes in the growing season. The magnitude and frequency of freeze\u2013thaw cycles were considered to be important indicators of N transformation rates during the growing season, suggesting that the higher intensity of freeze\u2013thaw cycles in the original locations of soils changed the microbial communities and functions with high tolerance to freeze\u2013thaw cycles; this resulted in greater N transformation rates in the following growing season. Microbial activity, soil fertility and climate patterns in the original locations of soils are believed to have an effect on the response to winter climate change and to cause large variability of soil response of N transformation rates to freeze\u2013thaw cycles in both the dormant and growing seasons.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-18", "title": "Increase In Microbial Biomass And Phosphorus Availability In The Rhizosphere Of Intercropped Cereal And Legumes Under Field Conditions", "description": "Abstract   Facilitation of plant growth and phosphorus (P) acquisition has recently been reported in cereal\u2013legume intercropping systems. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intercropping could promote P cycling, through microbial biomass P (MBP) changes, in a field trial in a Mediterranean climate. Changes in microbial biomass carbon (MBC), MBP, and inorganic P availability in the rhizosphere of intercropped species were thus investigated in durum wheat/chickpea and durum wheat/lentil intercrops and compared to the bulk soils as well as the rhizosphere of each species grown alone. When expressed relative to the bulk soil, MBC increased in the rhizosphere only for the intercropped plants, irrespective of species. Relative to MBC in the rhizosphere of sole crops, MBC increased in the rhizosphere of the two legume species when intercropped with durum wheat, while no such effect was found for durum wheat. We were unable to detect an increase in P availability in the rhizosphere as a response to intercropping in any of the three crop species, but there was a systematic increase in available P in the rhizosphere relative to the corresponding bulk soil. Fairly similar patterns were observed for MBP as for MBC, except within the rhizosphere of durum wheat when intercropped with chickpea: relative to the bulk soil, MBP increased in the rhizosphere of both lentil and chickpea when intercropped with durum wheat as well as in the rhizosphere of durum wheat when intercropped with chickpea. The differences in microbial biomass changes for a given cereal (durum wheat) when intercropped with two different legumes, suggest that plants have strong species-specific influences on each other as well as on the soil environment. The molar ratios of MBC to MBP (MM C:P) did not vary significantly except for the rhizosphere of durum wheat intercropped with chickpea, which was fairly low (16:1), about half the values found in the other treatments (26\u201340:1). These MM C:P values were lower than those generally reported in soils (38\u201360:1), verifying the hypothesis that microbes can increase storage of soil P in their biomass, creating stocks of microbial P in the soil when P availability is high. In this Mediterranean climate where surface soils undergo frequent drying-rewetting, known for liberation of microbial biomass, MBP could be an important factor influencing P availability. Together, our data demonstrate the importance of intercropping to soil P cycling and highlight the need to examine the rhizosphere of each intercropped species to truly understand how the soil P resource is shared in such agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Microbial biomass", "F62 - Physiologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale - Croissance et d\u00e9veloppement", "630", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "580", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "P availability", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Stoichiometry", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4188", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Intercropping", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Facilitation", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-22", "title": "Effects Of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition On Soil Respiration Components And Their Temperature Sensitivities In A Semiarid Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Nitrogen (N) deposition to semiarid ecosystems is increasing globally, yet few studies have investigated the ecological consequences of N enrichment in these ecosystems. Furthermore, soil CO 2  flux \u2013 including plant root and microbial respiration \u2013 is a key feedback to ecosystem carbon (C) cycling that links ecosystem processes to climate, yet few studies have investigated the effects of N enrichment on belowground processes in water-limited ecosystems. In this study, we conducted two-level N addition experiments to investigate the effects of N enrichment on microbial and root respiration in a grassland ecosystem on the Loess Plateau in northwestern China. Two years of high N additions (9.2\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 ) significantly increased soil CO 2  flux, including both microbial and root respiration, particularly during the warm growing season. Low N additions (2.3\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 ) increased microbial respiration during the growing season only, but had no significant effects on root respiration. The annual temperature coefficients (Q 10 ) of soil respiration and microbial respiration ranged from 1.86 to 3.00 and 1.86 to 2.72 respectively, and there was a significant decrease in Q 10  between the control and the N treatments during the non-growing season but no difference was found during the growing season. Following nitrogen additions, elevated rates of root respiration were significantly and positively related to root N concentrations and biomass, while elevated rates of microbial respiration were related to soil microbial biomass C (SMBC). The microbial respiration tended to respond more sensitively to N addition, while the root respiration did not have similar response. The different mechanisms of N addition impacts on soil respiration and its components and their sensitivity to temperature identified in this study may facilitate the simulation and prediction of C cycling and storage in semiarid grasslands under future scenarios of global change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-15", "title": "Biochar Suppressed The Decomposition Of Organic Carbon In A Cultivated Sandy Loam Soil: A Negative Priming Effect", "description": "Conversion of plant residues to biochar is an attractive strategy for mitigation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and enhancement of carbon (C) storage in soil. However, the effect of biochar application on the decomposition of soil organic C (SOC) as well as its mechanisms is not well understood in the sandy loam soil of North China Plain. We investigated how biochar affected the decomposition of native SOC, using stable \u03b413C isotope analyses by applying biochar produced from corn straw (a C4 plant, \u03b413C\u00a0=\u00a0\u221211.9\u2030) to a sandy loam soil (\u03b413C of SOC\u00a0=\u00a0\u221224.5\u2030) under a long-term C3 crop rotation. The incubation experiment included four treatments: no amendment (Control), biochar amendment (BC, 0.5% of soil mass), inorganic nitrogen (N) amendment (IN, 100\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121) and combined biochar and N amendments (BN). Compared with Control, N amendment significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) increased total soil CO2 emission, even when combined with biochar amendment. In contrast, biochar alone amendment did not affect total soil CO2 emission significantly. However biochar, even when combined with N amendment, significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) reduced CO2 emission from native SOC by 64.9\u201368.8%, indicating that biochar inhibited the decomposition of native SOC and the stimulation effect of inorganic N on native SOC degradation, a negative priming effect. N addition immediately stimulated the growth of microorganisms and altered microbial community structure by increasing Gram-positive bacteria compared to Control as measured by phospholipid fatty acid. Biochar amendment did not alter microbial biomass during the 720-h incubation period except at 168 and 720\u00a0h, but significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) lowered dissolved organic C (DOC) content in soil, primarily due to sorption of DOC by the biochar. Our study suggested that biochar application could effectively reduce the decomposition of native organic C and a potential effective measure for C sequestration in the test soil of the North China Plain.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "negative priming effect", "phospholipid fatty acids", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "dissolved organic carbon", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "adsorption", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-21", "title": "Soil Carbon Stocks And Accumulation In Young Mangrove Forests", "description": "Abstract   Mangrove reforestation and afforestation programs have been initiated in many countries recently to compensate for historical losses. At the same time, awareness of the high carbon (C) sink potential of mangrove forests is growing, and C sequestration is beginning to be considered among forestation goals. To assess whether and at what rate C accumulates in the soil of young mangrove forests following afforestation, we conducted a field study at an afforestation project in southeast China, including repeated measures taken over six years at two young forests (consisting of  Kandelia obovata  and  Sonneratia apetala , aged 0\u20136 years old), and also a chronosequence of forests aged 0 (mudflat), 6 (both species), 20 ( S.\u00a0apetala ), and 70 ( K.\u00a0obovata ) years old. In the repeated measures, surface (0\u201310\u00a0cm) soil C concentration (%C of dry soil mass) increased significantly over six years, from 1.14% to 1.52% ( K.\u00a0obovata ) and 1.23% to 1.68% ( S.\u00a0apetala ). The rates of increase did not differ significantly between the two species, despite much greater biomass of  S.\u00a0apetala . In the chronosequence, soil C also increased with age across sites, but only the 70-year-old forest was statistically different, suggesting that localized environmental differences may obscure age-related patterns in soil C. At all sites, soil C concentration for 1-m soil depth (0.62%\u20132.43%) was low compared to published global averages, yet the estimated soil C accumulation rate (155\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 ) was comparable to published averages for mature forests. We supported this field study with a literature review of similar studies containing soil C concentration data from young mangrove forests: data compiled from 15 studies, comprising 31 sites, showed consistent, positive changes in soil C concentration with forest age, even in the youngest (", "keywords": ["SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION", "WETLAND SOILS", "SOUTHERN CHINA", "SEQUESTRATION", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "333", "FRENCH-GUIANA", "PLANTATIONS", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "AFFORESTATION", "BENTHIC DECOMPOSITION", "RESTORATION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-03", "title": "Lability Of C In Temperate Forest Soils: Assessing The Role Of Nitrogen Addition And Tree Species Composition", "description": "Understanding how atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects carbon (C) stabilization in forest soils has become an important focus as humans continue to alter global C and N cycles. Recent reviews have found a positive effect of increased N inputs on C stabilization in soils of temperate forest ecosystems. However, there is still uncertainty about the role and magnitude of the effect of chronic N inputs on forest soil C sequestration and how different tree species can modulate this effect. We evaluated the response of soil C lability to experimental N additions across plots with different dominant tree species (Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Betula alleghaniensis, Tsuga canadensis and Quercus rubra). We used a 14-year N addition experiment with a single-species, paired-plot design, and several measurements to estimate C lability, including soil laboratory incubations and density fractionation. Our two principal measures of C lability showed statistically significant interactive effects of N treatment and tree species composition: soils from maple (Acer) stands showed the greatest effect of added N on the light fraction mass in the mineral horizon (a 69% increase), and soils from beech (Fagus) stands showed the greatest N effect on potentially mineralizable C (a 23% decrease). Decreases in soil decomposition and respiration rates in organic and mineral horizons in response to N addition across all five species suggest a significant suppression of C mineralization, particularly in the first few weeks of the incubation, with the strongest responses in beech and oak (Quercus) stands. Our results confirm that increased N additions significantly reduce soil organic matter decomposition rates and the lability of soil C for some tree species, and indicate that mechanisms other than organo-mineral associations could play an important role in the stabilization of C in these soils. Further, our research illustrates the need to consider varying responses among different tree species when predicting future consequences of N inputs on soil C storage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-02", "title": "Effect Of Nutrients Availability And Long-Term Tillage On Priming Effect And Soil C Mineralization", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural management practices including soil tillage exert strong control on soil organic matter (SOM) turnover and its interactions with global C cycle through different mechanisms. One control mechanism is the priming effect (PE) which consists in stimulating SOM mineralization with the addition of fresh, energetic plant material. In this study, we quantified C mineralization and PE in soils sampled in two contrasted long-term (40 years) tillage treatments which deeply modified soil properties (e.g. organic C concentration, microbial biomass, pH). We hypothesized that soil tillage might affect these processes through changes in C addition rates, nutrient availability, and long-term variations in SOM content and microbial communities. We investigated the relationship between PE intensity, tillage and nutrients availability in soil samples taken in no till (NT) and full inversion tillage (FIT) in two layers (0\u20135 and 15\u201320\u00a0cm). Soils were incubated with or without addition of  13 C labeled cellulose and mineral nutrients. Potential C mineralization and primed C were measured during 262 days. Unlabeled soil microbial biomass C was determined at the end of the experiment to separate apparent and real priming effect.  Basal cumulative C mineralization in the control soil ranged from 363 to 1490\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  soil at day 262. It was strongly correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration. Specific mineralization rates were 44.8 and 68.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  SOC in the 0\u20135\u00a0cm layer for the FIT and NT treatments, respectively and were strongly linked with the particulate organic matter content ( r \u00a0=\u00a00.99***). These results suggest that SOC was more active in the upper layer of the NT treatment due to the high concentration of readily-decomposable, particulate organic matter. The cellulose was entirely metabolized after 60 days and its kinetics of mineralization was affected neither by tillage, depth nor nutrients. The percentage of cellulose C released as CO 2  represented 55\u201361% of the added cellulose-C at day 262. A positive PE was found in all treatments and its kinetics was parallel to that of cellulose mineralization. The cumulative PE significantly varied with nutrients level but not tillage, ranging from 73 to 78\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  under high nutrients level and from 116 to 136\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  in low nutrients level. No significant differences were found in unlabeled microbial biomass C between control and amended soil, suggesting no apparent priming effect. We conclude that the priming was mainly controlled by nutrient availability but not tillage, in spite of strong tillage-induced changes in SOC concentration and microbial biomass. Since PE is known to depend on C addition rate, tillage is expected to affect  in situ  PE through variations in the ratio of fresh carbon to nutrient concentration along the soil profile.", "keywords": ["priming effect", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "no till", "nutrient mining", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil organic carbon mineralization", "630", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "full inversion tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dimassi, Bassem, Mary, Bruno, Fontaine, S\u00e9bastien, Perveen, Nazia, Revaillot, Sandrine, Cohan, Jean-Pierre,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-24", "title": "Crop Rotation Complexity Regulates The Decomposition Of High And Low Quality Residues", "description": "While many ecosystem processes depend on biodiversity, the relationships between agricultural plant diversity and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics remains controversial. Our objective was to examine how temporal plant diversity (i.e. crop rotation) influences residue decomposition, a key ecosystem function that regulates nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil organic matter formation. We incubated soils from five long-term crop rotations, located at W.K. Kellogg Biological Station LTER in southwestern Michigan, USA, with and without four chemically diverse crop residues. Increasing crop biodiversity increased soil potentially mineralizable C by 125%, increased hydrolytic enzyme activity by 46%, but decreased oxidative enzyme activity by 20% in soils before residue was added. After residue additions, soils from more diverse cropping systems decomposed all residues more rapidly (0.2e8.3% greater mass loss) compared to monoculture corn. The fast-cycling, \u2018Active C\u2019 pool and microbial biomass N increased with higher cropping diversity, but the differences among rotations in Active C pools was higher for the most recalcitrant residues. Further, the ratio of the cellulose degrading enzyme ( b-glucosidase) to the lignin degrading enzyme (phenol oxidase) was highest in the two most diverse crop rotations regardless of residue additions, providing additional evidence of enhanced microbial activity and substrate acquisition in more diverse rotations. Our study shows that crop diversity over time influences the processing of newly-added residues, microbial dynamics, and nutrient cycling. Diversifying crop rotations has the potential to enhance soil ecosystem functions and is critical to maintaining soil services in agricultural systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen mineralization", "Litter quality", "Carbon mineralization", "Microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Extracellular enzymes", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "Plant biodiversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-30", "title": "Nitrogen And Phosphorus Constrain Labile And Stable Carbon Turnover In Lowland Tropical Forest Soils", "description": "Tropical forests contain a large stock of soil carbon, but the factors that constrain its mineralization remain poorly understood. Microorganisms, when stimulated by the presence of new inputs of labile organic carbon, can mineralize (\u2018prime\u2019) soil organic matter to acquire nutrients. We used stable carbon isotopes to assess how nutrient demand and soil properties constrain mineralization of added labile (sucrose) carbon and pre-existing (primed) soil carbon in tropical forest soils. In a series of lowland tropical forest soils from Panama, we found that the mineralization of fresh labile carbon was accelerated foremost by phosphorus addition, whereas the mineralization of pre-existing soil carbon was constrained foremost by nitrogen addition. However, there was variation in the relative importance of these nutrients in different soils and the largest effects on the acceleration of sucrose metabolism and constraint of priming occurred following the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus together. The respiration responses due to sucrose or primed soil carbon mineralization were reduced at pH below 4.8 and above 6.0. We conclude that in these tropical forest soils, phosphorus availability is more important in promoting microbial mineralization of sucrose carbon, whereas nitrogen availability is more important in constraining the priming of pre-existing soil organic carbon. This response likely arises because nitrogen is more closely coupled to organic matter cycling, whereas phosphorus is abundant in both organic and inorganic forms. These results suggest that the greatest impact of priming on soil carbon stocks will occur in moderately acidic tropical forest soils of low nitrogen availability. Given long-term changes in both atmospheric carbon dioxide and nitrogen deposition, the impact of priming effects on soil carbon in tropical forest soils may be partially constrained by the abundance of nitrogen.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "tropical", "carbon dioxide", "stable isotopes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "carbon isotopes", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "priming effects", "phosphorus", "priming", "microorganisms", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-19", "title": "C Mineralization And Microbial Activity In Four Biochar Field Experiments Several Years After Incorporation", "description": "Most studies looking into the effect of amendment of biochar on soil microbial functioning employ short-term laboratory studies and probably describe relatively transient phenomena. Multi-year experiments, spanning beyond initial degradation of biologically labile biochar constituents, on the other hand are more scarce, although these are much needed to establish the medium-term effect of biochar on soil organisms. In the present study, soil was sampled from biochar-amended and control plots of four biochar field trials at Lincoln (UK), Rivignano, Rocca Bernarda and Beano in Italy. Air-dried pre-incubated soil samples were incubated at 15 \u00b0C for 8\u20139 weeks to follow-up carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. We then determined soil \u03b2-glucosidase and dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and used PLFA analysis to quantify the total soil microbial biomass and community structure. The analysis indicated that soil microbial activity was either not affected or inhibited to different extents in the biochar-amended plots. At Lincoln, with the highest application rate (49 t ha\u22121), an overall inhibition of all investigated measures of microbial activity, a lower sum of extracted PLFAs and lower fungal abundance were observed. On the other end at Beano, depth dispersion of biochar by deep tillage and a lower application rate (20 t ha\u22121) probably explain the absence of any significant effect on microbial activity in that experiment. At Rivignano and Rocca Bernarda, dehydrogenase activity was lower in the biochar amended soil and C-mineralization was lower as well for Rivignano. Interestingly, however, \u03b2-glucosidase activity and the sum of extracted PLFAs was not affected by biochar treatment. Several mechanisms could reconcile the different effect of biochar application on overall microbial activity on the one hand and microbial abundance and rate of cellulose degradation on the other. Biochar amendment led to a lowered or equal soil microbial activity and abundance in most field sites. In contrast to many short-term laboratory studies, it therefore seems unlikely that biochar would still function as a substrate 1\u20134 years after incorporation in the field.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/987346/1/Ameloot_et_al_2014.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-17", "title": "Short- And Long-Term Effects Of Nutrient Enrichment On Microbial Exoenzyme Activity In Mangrove Peat", "description": "Abstract Mangroves receive increasing quantities of nutrients as a result of coastal development, which could lead to significant changes in carbon sequestration and soil subsidence. We hypothesised that mangrove-produced tannins induce a nitrogen (N) limitation on microbial decomposition even when plant growth is limited by phosphorus (P). As a result, increased N influx would lead to a net loss of sequestered carbon negating the ability to compensate for sea level rise in P-limited mangroves. To examine this, we quantified the short- and long-term effects of N and P enrichment on microbial biomass and decomposition-related enzyme activities in a Rhizophora mangle-dominated mangrove, which had been subjected to fertilisation treatments for a period of fifteen years. We compared microbial biomass, elemental stoichiometry and potential enzyme activity in dwarf and fringe-type R. mangle-dominated sites, where primary production is limited by P or N depending on the proximity to open water. Even in P-limited mangroves, microbial activity was N-limited as indicated by stoichiometry and an increase in enzymic activity upon N amendment. Nevertheless, microbial biomass increased upon field additions of P, indicating that the carbon supply played even a larger role. Furthermore, we found that P amendment suppressed phenol oxidase activity, while N amendment did not. The possible differential nutrient limitations of microbial decomposers versus primary producers implies that the direction of the effect of eutrophication on carbon sequestration is nutrient-specific. In addition, this study shows that phenol oxidase activities in this system decrease through P, possibly strengthening the enzymic latch effect of mangrove tannins. Furthermore, it is argued that the often used division between N-harvesting, P-harvesting, and carbon-harvesting exoenzymes needs to be reconsidered.", "keywords": ["Rhizophora", "Decomposition", "Peat", "Differential nutrient limitation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Microbial activity", "Microbial elemental stoichiometry", "13. Climate action", "international", "Taverne", "11. Sustainability", "Mangroves", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "SOC", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-22", "title": "Microbial Respiration Per Unit Biomass Increases With Carbon-To-Nutrient Ratios In Forest Soils", "description": "Abstract   The ratio of carbon-to-nutrient in forest floors is usually much higher than the ratio of carbon-to-nutrient that soil microorganisms require for their nutrition. In order to understand how this mismatch affects carbon (C) cycling, we investigated the respiration rate per unit soil microbial biomass \u2013 the metabolic quotient (qCO2) \u2013 in relation to the soil carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) and carbon-to-phosphorus (C:P) ratio in temperate forests. For this purpose, cores of beech, spruce, and mixed spruce-beech forest soils were cut into slices of 1\u00a0cm from the litter layer down to 5\u00a0cm in the mineral soil, and the relationship between the qCO2 and the soil C:N and the soil C:P ratio was analyzed. We found that the qCO2 was positively correlated with soil C:N ratio in spruce soils (R\u00a0=\u00a00.72), and with the soil C:P ratio in beech (R\u00a0=\u00a00.93), spruce (R\u00a0=\u00a00.80) and mixed forest soils (R\u00a0=\u00a00.96). We also observed a close correlation between the qCO2 and the soil C concentration in all three forest types. Yet, the qCO2 decreased less with depth than the C concentration in all three forest types, suggesting that the change in qCO2 is not only controlled by the soil C concentration. We conclude that microorganisms increase their respiration rate per unit biomass with increasing soil C:P ratio and C concentration, which adjusts the substrate to their nutritional demands in terms of stoichiometry.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-05", "title": "Phosphorus Addition Enhances Loss Of Nitrogen In A Phosphorus-Poor Soil", "description": "Abstract   Plants and microbes have limited stoichiometric flexibility to take up and store nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Variation in the relative availability of N and P to plants and microbes may therefore affect how strongly N and P are held in terrestrial ecosystems with important implications for net primary productivity and carbon sequestration. We hypothesized that an increase in P availability in a P-poor soil would increase N uptake by plants and microbes thereby reducing N loss. We grew mixtures of the C3 grass  Phalaris aquatica  L. and the legume  Medicago sativa  L. in mesocosms with soils low in P availability and then used a novel technique by adding a  15 N tracer with and without 1\u00a0g\u00a0P\u00a0m \u22122  to soil with different moisture and available N conditions, and measured the  15 N recovery after 48\u00a0h in microbes, plants and soil. In contrast to our hypothesis, we found that P addition reduced  15 N in microbes without water stress by 80% and also reduced total 15 N recovery, particularly without water stress. Water stress in combination with N addition further showed low total  15 N recovery, possibly because of reduced plant uptake thereby leaving more  15 N in the soil available for nitrification and denitrification. Our results suggest that P addition can result in large gaseous N loss in P-poor soils, most likely by directly stimulating nitrification and denitrification.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-29", "title": "Biochar Suppresses N2o Emissions While Maintaining N Availability In A Sandy Loam Soil", "description": "Nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural soil is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar amendment can contribute to climate change mitigation by suppressing emissions of N2O from soil, although the mechanisms underlying this effect are poorly understood. We investigated the effect of biochar on soil N2O emissions and N cycling processes by quantifying soil N immobilisation, denitrification, nitrification and mineralisation rates using 15N pool dilution techniques and the FLUAZ numerical calculation model. We then examined whether biochar amendment affected N2O emissions and the availability and transformations of N in soils.    Our results show that biochar suppressed cumulative soil N2O production by 91% in near-saturated, fertilised soils. Cumulative denitrification was reduced by 37%, which accounted for 85\u201395 % of soil N2O emissions. We also found that physical/chemical and biological ammonium (NH4+) immobilisation increased with biochar amendment but that nitrate (NO3\u2212) immobilisation decreased. We concluded that this immobilisation was insignificant compared to total soil inorganic N content. In contrast, soil N mineralisation significantly increased by 269% and nitrification by 34% in biochar-amended soil.    These findings demonstrate that biochar amendment did not limit inorganic N availability to nitrifiers and denitrifiers, therefore limitations in soil NH4+ and NO3\u2212 supply cannot explain the suppression of N2O emissions. These results support the concept that biochar application to soil could significantly mitigate agricultural N2O emissions through altering N transformations, and underpin efforts to develop climate-friendly agricultural management techniques.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "denitrification", "mineralisation", "nitrous oxide", "Mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrate", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "6. Clean water", "ammonium", "Biochar", "immobilisation", "nitrate", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Denitrification", "Immobilisation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "Ammonium", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-02", "title": "Carbon Mineralization Is Promoted By Phosphorus And Reduced By Nitrogen Addition In The Organic Horizon Of Northern Hardwood Forests", "description": "Abstract   Limitations to the respiratory activity of heterotrophic soil microorganisms exert important controls of CO 2  efflux from soils. In the northeastern US, ecosystem nutrient status varies across the landscape and changes with forest succession following disturbance, likely impacting soil microbial processes regulating the transformation and emission of carbon (C). We tested whether nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) limit the mineralization of soil organic C (SOC) or that of added C sources in the Oe horizon of successional and mature northern hardwood forests in three locations in central New Hampshire, USA. Added N reduced mineralization of C from SOC and from added leaf litter and cellulose. Added P did not affect mineralization from SOC; however, it did enhance mineralization of litter- and cellulose- C in organic horizons from all forest locations. Added N increased microbial biomass N and K 2 SO 4 -extractable DON pools, but added P had no effect. Microbial biomass C increased with litter addition but did not respond to either nutrient. The direction of responses to added nutrients was consistent among sites and between forest ages. We conclude that in these organic horizons limitation by N promotes mineralization of C from SOC, whereas limitation by P constrains mineralization of C from new organic inputs. We also suggest that N suppresses respiration in these organic horizons either by relieving the N limitation of microbial biomass synthesis, or by slowing turnover of C through the microbial pool; concurrent measures of microbial growth and turnover are needed to resolve this question.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-21", "title": "Effects Of Temperature And Processing Conditions On Biochar Chemical Properties And Their Influence On Soil C And N Transformations", "description": "There have been limited studies of how the pyrolysis process and activation conditions affect the chemical properties of biochar and how these properties alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) transformations when used as an amendment. This study compared the chemical properties of biochars produced through slow pyrolysis at 200, 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C, in the presence or absence of steam and CO2 activation at 800\u00a0\u00b0C. Quantitative solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and elemental analysis were used to evaluate processing condition effects on biochar chemical properties. Biochars were added at a rate of 0.75% by weight and soils were incubated for 28\u00a0d, during which soil inorganic N and CO2 and N2O emissions were determined. Thereafter, adsorption of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3\u2212)\u2212N were investigated further. While constituents of biochar feedstock were not altered at pyrolysis temperature of 200\u00a0\u00b0C, NMR data showed that biochars produced at 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C converted >82% of labile C constituents to aromatic C structures, which increased their recalcitrance. Also the later pyrolysis temperatures increased biochar cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH, however, exposure to steam and CO2 activation decreased their CEC. Compared to unamended soil, amendment with biochar produced at 200\u00a0\u00b0C significantly increased cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions by more than 3 fold, whereas those produced at 400\u00a0\u00b0C had no effect on CO2 emissions but had a similar effect on cumulative N2O emissions. Biochar produced at 600\u00a0\u00b0C had no effect on either CO2 or N2O emissions. In contrast, activation of biochar significantly decreased cumulative CO2 emissions by 18%. Amendment with biochars produced at 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C and activated biochars significantly decreased soil inorganic N, which was attributed to their increased adsorptive capacity for NH4+ by 62\u201381%. This study highlights the importance of production conditions for designing biochars for use as amendments to sequester soil C and N, by promoting the formation of stable soil organic matter and by increasing retention of soil inorganic N. From a soil amendment perspective, this study suggests that activation of biochar did not benefit soil C and N transformations.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R. P. Voroney, Hongjie Zhang, G.W. Price,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-06", "title": "Community Structure Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated With Robinia Pseudoacacia In Uncontaminated And Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils", "description": "The significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil remediation has been widely recognized because of their ability to promote plant growth and increase phytoremediation efficiency in heavy metal (HM) polluted soils by improving plant nutrient absorption and by influencing the fate of the metals in the plant and soil. However, the symbiotic functions of AMF in remediation of polluted soils depend on plant\u2013fungus\u2013soil combinations and are greatly influenced by environmental conditions. To better understand the adaptation of plants and the related mycorrhizae to extreme environmental conditions, AMF colonization, spore density and community structure were analyzed in roots or rhizosphere soils of Robinia pseudoacacia. Mycorrhization was compared between uncontaminated soil and heavy metal contaminated soil from a lead\u2013zinc mining region of northwest China. Samples were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) screening with AMF-specific primers (NS31 and AM1), and sequencing of rRNA small subunit (SSU). The phylogenetic analysis revealed 28 AMF group types, including six AMF families: Glomeraceae, Claroideoglomeraceae, Diversisporaceae, Acaulosporaceae, Pacisporaceae, and Gigasporaceae. Of all AMF group types, six (21%) were detected based on spore samples alone, four (14%) based on root samples alone, and five (18%) based on samples from root, soil and spore. Glo9 (Rhizophagus intraradices), Glo17 (Funneliformis mosseae) and Acau3 (Acaulospora sp.) were the three most abundant AMF group types in the current study. Soil Pb and Zn concentrations, pH, organic matter content, and phosphorus levels all showed significant correlations with the AMF species compositions in root and soil samples. Overall, the uncontaminated sites had higher species diversity than sites with heavy metal contamination. The study highlights the effects of different soil chemical parameters on AMF colonization, spore density and community structure in contaminated and uncontaminated sites. The tolerant AMF species isolated and identified from this study have potential for application in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Pollution and Contamination", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Environmental interactions", "Soil Science", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "Heavy metal pollution", "Microbiology", "Phytoremediation", "Soil sciences", "Robinia pseudoacacia", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-19", "title": "Patterns In Phosphorus And Corn Root Distribution And Yield In Long-Term Tillage Systems With Fertilizer Application", "description": "Abstract   The distribution of phosphorus in the soil profile as a function of soil tillage, fertilizer management system and cultivation time is strongly related to root distribution. As the dynamics of this process are not well understood, long-term experiments are useful to clarify the cumulative effect through time. The study evaluated an 18-year-old experiment carried out on Rhodic Paleudult soil, located in Rio Grande do Sul state \u2013 Brazil, with cover crops (black oat and vetch) in the winter and corn in the summer. In the 0- to 20-cm layer, the amounts of clay, silt and sand were 22, 14, and 64\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121, respectively. This layer had a mean slope of 3%. The mean local annual rainfall is 1440\u00a0mm. The climate is subtropical with a warm humid summer (Cfa), according to the Koeppen classification. The treatments consisted of three soil managements (conventional tillage, no tillage and strip tillage) and three application modes (broadcast, row and strip) for triple superphosphate and potassium chloride fertilizers. Data for phosphorus and root distribution in the soil from the 1989/90, 1999/00 and 2006/07 growing seasons were used. Phosphorus stratification occurred through time, irrespective of soil and fertilizer management, mainly in the 0- to 5-cm layer. The tillage and fertilization systems promoted significant differences in the Pi and Pt fractions up to a depth of 20\u00a0cm. For the Po fraction, significant differences were found only in the 0- to 5- and 15- to 20-cm layers. Inorganic phosphorus accumulated in the fertilized zone (0\u201310\u00a0cm), with higher intensity in the no-tillage system under row fertilization with values around 150\u00a0mg\u00a0dm\u22123. Root distribution presented a strong positive relationship with phosphorus distribution, exhibiting redistribution in the soil profile through time. This redistribution was accompanied by increases in organic phosphorus and total organic carbon content. Corn grain yield was not affected by long-term tillage systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.06.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-05", "title": "Precipitation Modifies The Effects Of Warming And Nitrogen Addition On Soil Microbial Communities In Northern Chinese Grasslands", "description": "Terrestrial ecosystems experience simultaneous shifts in multiple drivers of global change, which can interactively affect various resources. The concept that different resources co-limit plant productivity has been well studied. However, co-limitation of soil microbial communities by multiple resources has not been as thoroughly investigated. Specifically, it is not clearly understood how microbial communities respond to shifts in multiple interacting resources such as water, temperature, and nitrogen (N), in the context of global change. To test the effects of these various resources on soil microorganisms, we established a field experiment with temperature and N manipulation in three grasslands of northern China, where there is a decrease in precipitation from east to west across the region. We found that microbial responses to temperature depended upon seasonal water regimes in these temperate steppes. When there was sufficient water present, warming had positive effects on soil microorganisms, suggesting an interaction between water and increases in temperature enhanced local microbial communities. When drought or alternating wet\u2013dry stress occurred, warming had detrimental effects on soil microbial communities. Our results also provide clear evidence for serial co-limitation of microorganisms by water and N at the functional group and community levels, where water is a primary limiting factor and N addition positively affects soil microorganisms only when water is sufficient. We predict that future microbial responses to changes in temperature and N availability could be seasonal or exist only in non-drought years, and will strongly rely on future precipitation regimes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies", "13. Climate action", "2404 Microbiology", "570 Life sciences; biology", "590 Animals (Zoology)", "Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "1111 Soil Science", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.06.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.06.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.06.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.06.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-16", "title": "Soil Phytoliths From Miombo Woodlands In Mozambique", "description": "Abstract<p>This paper describes topsoil phytolith assemblages from 25 loci underneath miombo woodlands on an eco-transect intersecting the Mozambican Rift along a geographical, altitudinal, climatic and botanical gradient. We provide the first comprehensive overview of the phytolith spectrum that defines northern Mozambique's Zambezian floristic zone. Our classifying criteria derive from comparison with previously described and quantified reference collections of trees and grasses growing in the study area. We characterize the sedimentological and soil features of the matrices where phytoliths are found, establishing correlation among geo-edaphic variables and phytoliths. Descriptive statistics along with nonparametric and parametric statistical analyses evaluate phytolith grouping criteria, variation, robustness, and membership. From a taphonomic perspective, we attest that topsoil phytolith assemblages are polygenic and do not represent an episodic snapshot of extant vegetation, but a palimpsest from plants representing various disturbance episodes, succession stages, and ecological trends. Phytoliths retrieved from Mozambican miombo soils do not seem to trace altitudinal, temperature, or precipitation gradients, and no significant differences exist between highland and lowland phytolith assemblages. This article provides a phytolith analog for woodland environments that can guide future paleoenvironmental research. It also confirms that phytolith analysis is able to detect shifts in the woodland/grassland interface.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quaternary%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ENVIRONMENT&offset=1950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ENVIRONMENT&offset=1950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ENVIRONMENT&offset=1900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ENVIRONMENT&offset=2000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 6706, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:15:24.317927Z"}