Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are emerging organic pollutants widely detected in environmental systems, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem. Despite increasing efforts to monitor PFAS in river systems, knowledge gaps remain regarding sources and emissions via different pathways. This study investigates PFAS contamination across multiple environmental compartments in the Upper Danube Basin, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, surface runoff, and atmospheric deposition. The primary objectives are to assess the extent of PFAS contamination, identify key emission sources and transport pathways, and evaluate associated risks in terms of the potential exceedance of current and proposed environmental regulatory thresholds in the European Union.
ResultsThe findings reveal a widespread presence of PFAS, with PFOA, PFOS and short-chain compounds being predominant. The Alz River and Gendorf chemical park emerge as hotspots with far-reaching effects downstream, contributing significantly to diffuse legacy contamination of PFOA and being a significant source of two industrial PFOA substitutes, ADONA and GenX. Wastewater treatment plants, old municipal landfills, and sites with a history of fire-fighting foam application are identified as key pathways or sources of legacy pollution, exhibiting higher concentrations compared to the other matrices. Notably, no significant removal is observed when comparing influent and effluent samples from conventional WWTPs. The study further demonstrates that groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from point sources and to infiltration from rivers, with bank filtration proving largely ineffective in preventing PFAS contamination.
ConclusionsThe study underscores the necessity for source and pathway control measures to mitigate PFAS pollution, the implementation of advanced treatment technologies to safeguard drinking water and surface water quality, and targeted remediation for legacy soil and groundwater contamination. Additionally, strong use regulations should be explored to minimize ongoing emissions. The multi-compartment monitoring proves to be a crucial approach to understand the complexity of PFAS distribution at the catchment scale. Comparative analysis and risk assessment highlight challenging situations for water management, offering an indispensable basis for emission modeling as a next step for quantitative assessment of the relevance of different sources and pathways for surface water pollution.
", "keywords": ["Emerging contaminants", "Emerging Pollutants", "PFAS", "Source identification", "Watershed management", "Environmental sciences", "Emission", "Water Framework Directive", "Environmental law", "Water pollution", "GE1-350", "K3581-3598", "Catchment monitoring", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Sciences%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:35Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Consumers' attitudes towards microbial applications in food production", "description": "The data was collected using an online survey as part of the research activities of the European Horizon 2020 project SIMBA (Sustainable Innovation of Microbiome Applications in the Food System). Online surveys were used to collect consumer respondent data for three food products (wheat bread, consumer potatoes and tomato sauce). These food products were selected as part of the EU Horizon 2020 SIMBA project for reflecting the diversity of food value chains in terms of organisation, technology, climatic conditions and consumption patterns across the EU. Three questionnaires corresponding to the three food products were prepared. The questionnaires consisted of four main parts: (1) socio-demographic characteristics (e.g. gender, education, income; Part One), (2) health and environmental concerns related to chemical use in farming, knowledge about microbial applications, perceived microbial health risks and attitude towards microbial applications in food production (Part Two), (3) questions for eliciting a consumer\u2019s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a food product that had been obtained through a microbial-enhanced production system with reduced or no chemical use (Part Three), and (4) questions for eliciting a respondent\u2019s food choice motives (FCMs) using de Boer et al.\u2019s (2007) FCM questionnaire (Part Four). In addition, the questionnaire had an introduction section containing information sheet about the study and a consent form. The consent form and the information sheet for safeguarding the ethical aspects of this study (e.g. data handling, privacy and potential risks to respondents) were approved by the General Assembly of the SIMBA project as well as the Social Sciences Ethics Committee of Wageningen University prior to distributing the surveys. We collected data primarily from three countries: Germany, Italy and Netherlands.The data was collected to undertake a study to support the uptake of food products that are produced and/or processed using microbial applications. The aim of the survey was to get some insights about food choice motives of consumers, and the socio-demographic and behavioural factors influencing their food choices. The survey specifically aimed to assess the preferences and perceptions, and willingness-to-pay of consumers to wheat, potato and tomato-based food products that are produced and/or processed using microbial applications.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Economics", "Social and Behavioural Sciences", "Business and Management", "Food economics", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "BM Ali", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "name": "item", "description": "10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17026/dans-z8z-5t4e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-07", "title": "Laser Weeding with Small Autonomous Vehicles: Friends or Foes?", "description": "Weed control is necessary to ensure a high crop yield with good quality. Herbicide application and mechanical weeding are the most common methods worldwide. The use of herbicides has led to the increasing occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds and unwanted contamination of the environment. Mechanical weed control harms beneficial organisms, increases the degradation of organic matter, may dry out the soil, and stimulate new cohorts of weed seeds to germinate. Therefore, there is a need to develop more sustainable weed control means. We suggest using small autonomous vehicles equipped with lasers as a sustainable alternative method. Laser beams are based on electricity, which can be produced from non-fossil fuels. Deep learning methods can be used to locate and identify weed and crop plants for targeting and delivery of laser energy with robotic actuators. Given the targeted nature of laser beams, the area exposed for weed control can be reduced substantially compared to commonly used weed control methods. Therefore, the risk of affecting non-target organisms is minimized, and the soil will be kept untouched in the field, avoiding triggering weed seeds to germinate. Small autonomous vehicles may have limited weeding capacity, and precautions need to be taken as reflections from the laser beam can be harmful to humans and animals. In this paper, we discuss the pros and cons of replacing or supplementing common used weed control methods with laser weeding. The ability to use laser weeding technology is relatively new and not yet widely practiced or commercially available. Therefore, we do not discuss and compare the costs of the various methods at this early stage of the development of the technology.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "alternative weed control", " integrated weed management", " non-chemical weed control", " site-specific weed management", " thermal weed control", " weed killers", "non-chemical weed control", "Plant culture", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SB1-1110", "thermal weed control", "integrated weed management", "13. Climate action", "site-specific weed management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "weed killers", "alternative weed control"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Andreasen Christian, Scholle Karsten, Saberi Mahin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10959077", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:23:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-10-30", "title": "Knowledge gaps on trade-offs of soil carbon sequestration related to soil management strategies", "description": "The database contains 87 unique literature items (29 reviews, 42 meta-analyses, 16 original papers) describing the effect of a soil management strategy (tillage management, cropping systems, water management, cover crops, crop residues, livestock manure, slurry, compost, biochar, liming) on the trade-offs between soil carbon sequestration or SOC change and N2O emission, CH4 emission and nitrogen leaching. Since some literature items describe effects of several SMS categories, the database_summary tab comprises a total of 112 unique inputs. For each input it is indicated in the Database_summary tab if it was used as input for the 'Soil management effect assessment' in Maenhout et al. (2024) [Maenhout, P., Di Bene, C., Cayuela, M. L., Diaz-Pines, E., Govednik, A., Keuper, F., Mavsar, S., Mihelic, R., O'Toole, A., Schwarzmann, A., Suhadolc, M., Syp, A., & Valkama, E. (2024). Trade-offs and synergies of soil carbon sequestration: Addressing knowledge gaps related to soil management strategies. European Journal of Soil Science, 75(3), e13515. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13515] and/or to define knowledge gaps ('Knowledge gap in tab'-column). Knowledge gaps and research recommendations are gouped per soil management strategy in different tabs in this database. Per soil management strategy, knowledge gaps are clustered per theme in groups. These themes include: the specific soil management strategy, pedoclimatic conditions, establishment of experiments, other soil management strategies, meta-analysis, modelling and other", "keywords": ["Water management", "EJP SOIL", "Climate change mitigation", "Nitrogen leaching", "CH4", "Conservation agriculture", "Cropping systems", "SOMMIT", "N2O", "Organic matter inputs", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10959077"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10959077", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10959077", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10959077"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:23:37Z", "type": "Software", "title": "PyretoClustR (executable version)", "description": "PyretoClustR (executable version) Distilling the Pareto Optimal Front into Actionable Insights ##Highlights: Open-access tool to cluster and visualize complex multi-dimensional Pareto solutions Bridging the gap between decision and objective space through intuitive visualizations Implements k-means and k-medoids clustering without expert knowledge Uses frequency maps to display hotspot locations for spatial optimization problems Increasing stakeholder accessibility to Pareto solutions Program languages: Python, RSoftware availability (source code version): https://github.com/SydneyEWhite/Pareto_ClusteringSoftware availability (executable version, with python and libraries implemented): Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.14761001) ## Overview This framework performs k-means and k-medoids clustering on a set of Pareto optimal solutions derived from a multi-objective optimization algorithm. (Optional) A correlation matrix of the input variables is returned (the goal is to help users reduce the input variable count). Before clustering occurs, the data is cast onto principal component axes and extreme solutions are handled (if desired). The code iterates through different possible inputs for the number of clusters, the number of principal components, and the variables that define 'extreme solutions'. After these iterations, the best solution, as defined by silhouette score, is visualized in several ways: Representative solutions are plotted on up to 4 dimensions Distributions of values within the clusters are plotted in a violin plot (optional) Maps with the frequency of a trait can be plotted, if locational data (*.shp file) is provided ## Background: executable version Unlike the version of PyretoClustR available on GitHub (https://github.com/SydneyEWhite/PyretoClustR), this version on Zenodo represents a standalone version of PyretoClustR not requiring a Python installation. The python_files folder contains three executables and one folder called _internal. The executables can be run by clicking on them. The _internal folder is crucial for the standalone operation of the executables and should not be modified or deleted. ## Example Data The data provided in the input folder (pareto_and_scen_solutions.csv and the shapefiles) are part of the BiodivERsA project TALE (\u2018Towards multifunctional agricultural landscapes in Europe\u2019). This project optimized four objectives, Agricultural gross margin (AY), Breeding habitat (BH), Low flow (LF), Nitrate load (NL) and four different land use scenarios (SQ, BAU, EXT, INT) were distinguished in the decision space.\u00a0The config.ini has been adapted to run with this dataset. To run it with your own data please alter the respective input values as outlined in config.ini. ## Directory Structure project_root/||\u2500\u2500 README.md||\u2500\u2500 input/|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 config.ini|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 [your_input_data].csv| \u2514\u2500\u2500 [shape_files]||\u2500\u2500 python_files/|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 _internal|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 correlation_matrix.exe|\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans.exe| \u2514\u2500\u2500 kmedoid.exe||\u2500\u2500 r_files/| \u2514\u2500\u2500 plot_frequency_maps.R|\u2514\u2500\u2500 output/ (populated once code is run)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 correlation_matrix.csv (if run)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions.csv (created with kmeans.exe when Extreme Solutions are not handled)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmeans_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions_outliers.csv (created with kmeans.exe when Extreme Solutions are handled)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmedoid_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions.csv (created with kmedoid.exe when Extreme Solutions are not handled)\u00a0\u00a0 |\u2500\u2500 kmedoid_data_w_clusters_representativesolutions_outliers.csv (created with kmedoid.exe when Extreme Solutions are handled)\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 freq_map_cluster_X.png (if run)", "keywords": ["Multi-objective optimization", "Pareto pruning", "Land management", "Pareto optimal data", "visualization", "clustering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14761001"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14761001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14761001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:24:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-15", "title": "Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments", "description": "Abstract BackgroundPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are emerging organic pollutants widely detected in environmental systems, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem. Despite increasing efforts to monitor PFAS in river systems, knowledge gaps remain regarding sources and emissions via different pathways. This study investigates PFAS contamination across multiple environmental compartments in the Upper Danube Basin, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, surface runoff, and atmospheric deposition. The primary objectives are to assess the extent of PFAS contamination, identify key emission sources and transport pathways, and evaluate associated risks in terms of the potential exceedance of current and proposed environmental regulatory thresholds in the European Union.
ResultsThe findings reveal a widespread presence of PFAS, with PFOA, PFOS and short-chain compounds being predominant. The Alz River and Gendorf chemical park emerge as hotspots with far-reaching effects downstream, contributing significantly to diffuse legacy contamination of PFOA and being a significant source of two industrial PFOA substitutes, ADONA and GenX. Wastewater treatment plants, old municipal landfills, and sites with a history of fire-fighting foam application are identified as key pathways or sources of legacy pollution, exhibiting higher concentrations compared to the other matrices. Notably, no significant removal is observed when comparing influent and effluent samples from conventional WWTPs. The study further demonstrates that groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from point sources and to infiltration from rivers, with bank filtration proving largely ineffective in preventing PFAS contamination.
ConclusionsThe study underscores the necessity for source and pathway control measures to mitigate PFAS pollution, the implementation of advanced treatment technologies to safeguard drinking water and surface water quality, and targeted remediation for legacy soil and groundwater contamination. Additionally, strong use regulations should be explored to minimize ongoing emissions. The multi-compartment monitoring proves to be a crucial approach to understand the complexity of PFAS distribution at the catchment scale. Comparative analysis and risk assessment highlight challenging situations for water management, offering an indispensable basis for emission modeling as a next step for quantitative assessment of the relevance of different sources and pathways for surface water pollution.
", "keywords": ["Emerging contaminants", "Emerging Pollutants", "PFAS", "Source identification", "Watershed management", "Environmental sciences", "Emission", "Water Framework Directive", "Environmental law", "Water pollution", "GE1-350", "K3581-3598", "Catchment monitoring", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Sciences%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-16", "title": "Effect Of Drought And Weed Management On Maize Genotypes And The Tensiometric Soil Water Content Of An Eutric Nitisol In South Western Nigeria", "description": "In the dry savannas of West and Central Africa, where low soil fertility, unpredictable rainfall, weed competition and recurrent drought are major constraints to maize production, the development of tropical maize genotypes with high and stable yields under drought and low-nitrogen condition is very important since access to these improved genotypes may be the only affordable alternative to many small scale farmers. Field trials were conducted in 2002 and 2003\u00a0at Ikenne southwestern Nigeria to investigate the effect of weed pressures and drought stress on 2 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (9134-14, 9803-9) and 2 open-pollinated varieties (STREVIWD, IYFDCO1). Irrigation was withdrawn 4 weeks after planting (about four weeks to mid-flowering) in the drought stress while the adjacent watered treatment had irrigation throughout the growing period. The weed pressures were the completely weeded plots (hand weeding every week) and weedy plots (weeded once, 2 weeks after planting). The experiment was a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Drought stress reduced the stover weight and grain yield of the maize cultivars by 6% and 34% respectively. Weed-free plots had maize with higher agronomic traits than unweeded treatments. Hybrid 9803-9 was more susceptible to drought and weed stress as indicated in the stover weight and grain yield. STREVIWD an open-pollinated variety (OPV) and Hybrid 9134-14 had superior performances in terms of grain yield and shorter anthesis silking interval. Soil moisture content was higher in the unweeded plots while the uptake of moisture was highest in drought susceptible hybrid 9803-9. Irrespective of the genotypes, maize (hybrid and OPV) was more tolerant to drought in a weed-free environment than in unweeded conditions. There existed a negative but significant correlation between weed biomass and chlorophyll content (\u22120.29, P < 0.01), grain yield (\u22120.45, P < 0.05), ear plant\u22121 (\u22120.27, P < 0.05) and kernel-number (\u22120.366 P < 0.01).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "eutric nitisol", "weeded plots", "nutrient", "drought stress", "maize genotypes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "weed management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-27", "title": "Analysis Of The Effects Of Rotational Woodlots On The Nutrition And Yield Of Maize Following Trees In Western Tanzania", "description": "Farmers in western Tanzania are establishing rotations of trees and crops in an attempt to overcome the shortage of wood, reverse deforestation of natural forests and improve soil fertility for food security enhancement. We compared fallows of Acacia crassicarpa, A. julifera, A. leptocarpa, Leucaena pallida and Senna siamea, with traditional bush fallow and continuous sole maize (Zea mays L.). The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness offallow types in terms of N, Pand K use by maize. Trees were intercropped with maize for the first 3 years. After 5 years, trees were harvested, wood components were removed, and leaves, twigs and grasses were incorporated into the soil. Factorial N,P,Ktrialswere carriedoutwithmaizegrown afterthefallowtypes. Parameters studiedweregrainyield,uptakeof N,PandK,and nutrient use efficiency. The effects offertiliser were much stronger than the effects offallow types. Therewas no clear effect of tree fallows on nutrient use efficiency of the following maize. Non-fertilized maize yielded more after acacia than after the other trees and natural fallow. Upon fertiliser application the influences of fallow types became weaker. Fertiliser N improved maize yields more than fertiliser P, and there was a positive NP interaction. Fertilizer K did not bring about clear effects. N recovery efficiency was improved by the application of P and vice versa. When fertilisers were applied, differences in average maize grain yields between tree fallows and natural fallow varied from 300 kg ha 1 (for A. julifera) to minus 250 kg ha 1 (for S. siamea). A yield increase of 300 kg maize grain could also be obtained by application of 10 kg fertiliser N or 8 kg fertiliser P. The best fallow type for soil fertility improvement was Acacia juliferasuggesting that this acacia is mining the soil for P and K. In conclusion, benefits of rotational woodlots seem larger in terms of wood production than in terms of soil fertility restoration. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "fallow", "soil fertility", "quefts", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "agroforestry", "africa", "nutrients", "vegetation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nyadzi, G.I., Janssen, B.H., Oenema, O.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-10", "title": "Non-Target Impacts Of Weed Control On Birds, Mammals, And Reptiles", "description": "AbstractThe impacts of invasive plant control on native animals are rarely evaluated. Using data from an eight\uffe2\uff80\uff90year study in southeastern Australia, we quantified the effects on native bird, mammal, and reptile species of (1) the abundance of the invasive Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata, and (2) a Bitou Bush control program, which involved repeated herbicide spraying interspersed with prescribed burning. We found that overall species richness of birds, mammals, and reptiles and the majority of individual vertebrate species were unresponsive to Bitou Bush cover and the number of plants. Two species including the nationally endangered Eastern Bristlebird (Dasyurus brachypterus) responded positively to measures of native vegetation cover following the control of Bitou Bush. Analyses of the effects of different components of the treatment protocol employed to control Bitou Bush revealed (1) no negative effects of spraying on vertebrate species richness; (2) negative effects of spraying on only one individual species (Scarlet Honeyeater); and (3) lower bird species richness but higher reptile species richness after fire. The occupancy of most individual vertebrates species was unaffected by burning; four species responded negatively and one positively to fire. Our study indicated that actions to remove Bitou Bush generally have few negative impacts on native vertebrates. We therefore suggest that controlling this highly invasive exotic plant species has only very limited negative impacts on vertebrate biota.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "weed control", "570", "Secondary effects", "off-target impacts", "animal response to weed control", "Indirect impacts", "Fire management", "590", "Non-target impacts", "herbicide impact on animals", "Herbicide impact on animals", "01 natural sciences", "invasive alien plant management", "fire management", "indirect impacts", "14. Life underwater", "non-target impacts", "Invasive alien plant management", "weed management impacts", "Animal response to weed control", "Bitou Bush", "580", "secondary effects", "Weed management impacts", "15. Life on land", "Weed control", "Off-target impacts", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/407435/1/Lindenmayer_et_al_2017_Ecopshere.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/244051/3/01_Lindenmayer_Non-target_impacts_of_weed_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-29", "title": "Short Term Effects Of Bioenergy By-Products On Soil C And N Dynamics, Nutrient Availability And Biochemical Properties", "description": "Abstract The shift towards a biobased economy will probably trigger the application of bioenergy by-products to the soil as either amendments or fertilizers. However, limited research has been done to determine how this will influence C and N dynamics and soil functioning. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different bioenergy by-products on C and N mineralisation, nutrient availability and microbial content and activity of amended soil and compare them to other more commonly used organic amendments. Two agricultural soils were amended (0.5% w/w) with four different bioenergy by-products (anaerobic digestate, rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue, biochar) and three other commonly used organic amendments (sewage sludge and two composts) and incubated at 20\u00a0\u00b0C in the laboratory for 30 days. During incubation, soil CO2 and N2O evolution were measured every 4\u00a0h by an automatic chromatographic system. After 2, 7 and 30 days of incubation, soil samples were analysed for K2SO4\u2013extractable C, N, NO3\u2212, NH4+ and P, microbial biomass C and three enzymatic activities (\u03b2-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase). Soil amendment led to a general increase in soil respiration, available N and P and microbial content and activity, but with remarkably different dynamics and values. Particularly, rapeseed meal and the bioethanol by-product led to N2O emissions and the greatest increases in soil respiration, N availability and enzymatic activity compared with the other amendments. The exception was represented by biochar that did not cause any significant variation with respect to the control, but promoted C accumulation. According to their impact on soil biochemical properties, the materials can be ranked as follows: rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue\u00a0>\u00a0anaerobic digestate, sewage sludge\u00a0>\u00a0composts\u00a0>\u00a0biochar. For each measured parameter, soil properties did not affect the response pattern found for the different treatments, but modified the magnitude of the response. In particular, soil respiration and enzymatic activity were higher in the slightly acidic soil, while greater values of available P were found in the alkaline soil. This study clearly indicates that the impact on GHG emissions and soil functioning of bioenergy by-products needs to be taken into account for a correct life cycle assessment of the bioenergy chain. Moreover, when properly managed, they may represent an effective alternative to usual amendments to improve the quality and nutrient balance of amended soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop residues", "decomposition", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "enzyme-activities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "composts", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "organic amendments", "13. Climate action", "nitrous-oxide emission", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Galvez, A., Sinicco, T., Cayuela, M.L, Mingorance, M.D., Fornasier, F., Mondini, C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107082", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-23", "title": "Crop type and within-field location as sources of intraspecific variations in the phenology and the production of floral and fruit resources by weeds", "description": "Abstract In arable farming, weeds provide important floral and seed resources that have the potential to support the provision of ecosystem services such as pollination or pest control. Estimating the production of these weed resources in the landscape is however not trivial as large-scale surveys of weed communities are usually conducted once in the season with a timing that may not coincide with the flowering and fruiting stages of all weed species. More, intraspecific variation in the mortality and phenology of individual weed species may arise from differences in the quality of the growing environment of each plant. In this study, we monitored the phenology of 30 common weed species in the field core and the field edge of 64 commercial fields grown with 6 crop types. Our hypothesis was that the production of resources by an individual plant would be modulated by its within-field location and by the crop type where it grows. We quantified floral (proportion, starting date and duration of flowering, dry biomass at flowering as a proxy for the amount of flowers) and seed resource production (proportion and starting date of fruiting). For most species, flowering and fruiting success were higher in field edges than in field cores and were lower in cereal crops than in other crops. Weeds flowered and fruited earlier and the flowering period was longer in field edges, except those of cereal crops. Dry biomass at flowering varied with field location either way, depending on the weed species, but tended to be lower in cereal crops than in other crops. This important intraspecific phenological variability in the production of seed and/or flower or resources should be considered when evaluating the contribution of weed communities to ecosystem services. It also suggests that within an agricultural landscape, the amount, timing and duration of provision of services by weeds could be enhanced by maintaining sufficient lengths of field edges and by growing a diversity of crop types.", "keywords": ["580", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "pollination", "farming management", "edge", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "field", "phenology", "01 natural sciences", "630", "flowering success", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "pest control"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107082"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107082", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107082", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107082"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-27", "title": "Irrigation Regime Affected Soc Content Rather Than Plow Layer Thickness Of Rice Paddies: A County Level Survey From A River Basin In Lower Yangtze Valley, China", "description": "Abstract While the impacts of farm management practices such as fertilization, tillage and straw return on soil organic carbon dynamics in croplands have been widely studied, the effects of irrigation management in irrigated rice paddies have not yet been widely assessed. Changes in plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content of rice paddies were analyzed using data obtained in a county-level survey of soil fertility conducted in 2005 and 2006 in Guichi County, Anhui Province, China. Both soil thickness and organic carbon content of plow layer showed skewed normal distributions, with their averages of 14.58\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.92\u00a0cm, and 16.45\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.02\u00a0g/kg, respectively. The irrigation method was found to have significant influences on both plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content, as the plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content had an inverse response to the irrigation intensity derived from different irrigation methods. The land-level performance of irrigation/drainage infrastructure and the irrigation water sources were detected to have significant effect on plow layer thickness, but little influence on soil organic carbon content. While the capacity of irrigation/drainage infrastructure had a remarkable effect on soil organic carbon content but little impact on plow layer thickness. However, the irrigation condition for surveyed fields was detected to have little effect on both plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content. These results indicated that irrigation management should keep the balance between surface erosion on plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon accumulation. Hence, developing new technique for good irrigation infrastructure and water management in future will help soil organic carbon accumulation as well as improve the soil for enhanced crop growth in rice agriculture.", "keywords": ["330", "QH301 Biology", "01 natural sciences", "QH301", "water management", "land-use", "sequential reduction processes", "P losses", "fields", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Irrigation water source", "15. Life on land", "topsoil organic-carbon", "6. Clean water", "lowland rice", "Irrigation management", "13. Climate action", "soil colloidal suspensions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Rice paddy", "lake region", "stability behavior", "Soil thickness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.073", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-09", "title": "Associations Between Soil Bacterial Community Structure And Nutrient Cycling Functions In Long-Term Organic Farm Soils Following Cover Crop And Organic Fertilizer Amendment", "description": "Agricultural management practices can produce changes in soil microbial populations whose functions are crucial to crop production and may be detectable using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA. To apply sequencing-derived bacterial community structure data to on-farm decision-making will require a better understanding of the complex associations between soil microbial community structure and soil function. Here 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile soil bacterial communities following application of cover crops and organic fertilizer treatments in certified organic field cropping systems. Amendment treatments were hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), winter rye (Secale cereale), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), beef manure, pelleted poultry manure, Sustane(\u00ae) 8-2-4, and a no-amendment control. Enzyme activities, net N mineralization, soil respiration, and soil physicochemical properties including nutrient levels, organic matter (OM) and pH were measured. Relationships between these functional and physicochemical parameters and soil bacterial community structure were assessed using multivariate methods including redundancy analysis, discriminant analysis, and Bayesian inference. Several cover crops and fertilizers affected soil functions including N-acetyl-\u03b2-d-glucosaminidase and \u03b2-glucosidase activity. Effects, however, were not consistent across locations and sampling timepoints. Correlations were observed among functional parameters and relative abundances of individual bacterial families and phyla. Bayesian analysis inferred no directional relationships between functional activities, bacterial families, and physicochemical parameters. Soil functional profiles were more strongly predicted by location than by treatment, and differences were largely explained by soil physicochemical parameters. Composition of soil bacterial communities was predictive of soil functional profiles. Differences in soil function were better explained using both soil physicochemical test values and bacterial community structure data than using soil tests alone. Pursuing a better understanding of bacterial community composition and how it is affected by farming practices is a promising avenue for increasing our ability to predict the impact of management practices on important soil functions.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Engineering", "Farms", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pollution", "6. Clean water", "RNA", " Bacterial", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Waste Management and Disposal", "Soil Microbiology", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.073"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.073", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.073", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.073"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106854", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-09", "title": "Assessment of intensified constructed wetlands for the attenuation of PMT compounds from groundwater and wastewater: Characterization of biofilm communities", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Persistent", " mobile and toxic compounds", "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all", "mobile and toxic compounds", "Build resilient infrastructure", " promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation", "Electroconductive materials", "Microbial electrochemical technologies", "Persistent", "Water treatment", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroaliment\u00e0ria::Enginyeria del medi rural", "Intensified constructed wetlands", "Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Medi ambient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106854"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Water%20Process%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106854", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106854", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106854"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:35:07Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Soil microorganisms as hidden miners of phosphorus in soils under different cover crop and tillage treatments", "description": "Phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting plant nutrients for agricultural production. The soil microbial community plays a key role in nutrient cycling, affecting access of roots to P, as well as mobilization and mineralization of organic P (Porg). This thesis aimed to better understand the potential of cover crops to enhance plant-soil-microbe interactions to improve the availability of P. This dissertation consists of a meta-analysis of and two field experiments. The used methods showed that microbial P, the activity of P-cycling enzymes and PLFAs increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and to a lesser extent also arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, increased their abundance with cover crops. However, saprotrophic fungi could benefit most from the substrate input derived from cover crop roots or litter. Enzyme-stable Porg shifted towards pools of a greater lability in the active soil compartments (rhizosheath and detritusphere). The effects of agricultural management, such as cover crop species choice and tillage, were detectable, but weaker compared to the effect of the presence of cover crops. With the obtained results, the research aims of this thesis could be successfully addressed. We were able to confirm that cover crops have the potential to improve main crops\u0092 access to P. Furthermore, we presented and discussed three pathways of P benefit. In the plant biomass pathway, P is cycled through cover crop biomass and becomes available for the main crop upon litter decomposition. The microbial enhancement pathway describes how the cover crop\u0092s interaction with soil microbes increases their abundance and activity, thereby increasing the availability of Porg. Some cover crop species seem to be capable of utilizing a biochemical modification pathway, where changes in the sorption capacity of the soil result in a greater quantity of plant-available phosphate. However, the latter pathway was apparently not important in the crop rotations used in our field experiments. The data also allowed us to characterize ways in which plant-soil-microbe interactions under cover crops affected the relationship of soil microbial functions to the enzymatic availability of Porg pools. Cover crops increased the abundance and activity of microbes, especially fungi, as well as microbial P. This enhancement in P-cycling potential shifted Porg toward pools of greater availability to added enzymes. However, the relation between enzymes and Porg pools is complex and is possibly affected by soil P composition and other site characteristics, indicating the need for further research in this area. Finally, we elucidated how the choice of cover crop species and agricultural management can shift the relative importance of the pathways for the P benefit of the main crop, while site-specific management allows farmers to adapt to local conditions and to optimize the functions of their agroecosystems. In conclusion, our results indicate that the pathways of cover crop derived P benefit take place simultaneously. We confirmed the potential of cover crop biomass for the cycling of P, and we suggest that our observed increases in the availability of soil Porg are related to microbial abundance and activity. The interactions of cover cropping and tillage indicate also that P benefit can be optimized by management decisions. Finally, these new insights into soil phosphorus cycling in agroecosystems have the potential to support further development of more sustainable agricultural systems. Phosphor (P) ist einer der wichtigsten limitierenden Naehrstoffe fuer das Pflanzenwachstum in der Landwirtschaft. Bodenmikroben spielen eine Schluesselrolle in Naehrstoffkreislaeufen, beeinflussen das Wachstum von Pflanzenwurzeln, die Mobilisierung sowie die Mineralisierung von organischem P (Porg) und somit den Zugang zu P. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war die Einschaetzung des Potentials von Zwischenfruechten zur Verbesserung der Interaktionen im System Pflanze-Boden-Mikroben und einer dadurch moeglichen Steigerung der P-Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfruechte. Diese Dissertation umfasst drei wissenschaftliche Veroeffentlichungen: Eine Literaturrecherche und Meta-Analyse sowie zwei selbst durchgefuehrte Feldexperimente. Die verwendeten Methoden zeigten, dass Zwischenfruechte den P-Gehalt in der mikrobiellen Biomasse, die Aktivitaet von Phosphatasen und mikrobielle Fettsaeuremarker (PLFAs) erhoehen, was auf ein gesteigertes Umsatzpotential von organischen Phosphorverbindungen hindeutet. Die Abundanz von grampositiven und gramnegativen Bakterien, sowie in geringerem Umfang auch von arbuskulaeren Mykorrhizapilzen, wurde durch Zwischenfruechte erhoeht. Gleichwohl waren saprotrophe Bodenpilze die mikrobielle Gruppe, die am meisten von der Substratzufuhr der Wurzeln und Streu profitieren konnte. Stabiles P wurde in den aktiven Bodenzonen der Rhizosphaere und Detritusphaere in labilere Porg-Pools transformiert. Bewirtschaftungseffekte, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht oder Bodenbearbeitung, waren erkennbar, aber wesentlich schwaecher ausgepraegt als der Zwischenfruchteffekt insgesamt. Unsere Ergebnisse bestaetigen, dass Zwischenfruchtanbau zur Steigerung der P - Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfrucht fuehren kann. Darueber hinaus konnten wir fuer den P- Vorteil drei grundsaetzliche Wirkungspfade aufzeigen, die in aktiven Bodenraeumen stattfinden. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084Pflanzenbiomasse\u0093 wird P aus dem Boden in die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht aufgenommen und waehrend der Zersetzung der Streu fuer die Hauptfrucht verfuegbar. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084mikrobielle Verstaerkung\u0093 steigert die Zwischenfrucht im Wurzelraum die Biomasse und Aktivitaet der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaft, wodurch diese die Verfuegbarkeit von Porg erhoehen kann. Durch den Wirkungspfad \u0084biochemische Modifikation\u0093 scheinen manche Zwischenfruchtarten in der Lage zu sein, ueber Wurzelexsudate die P-Sorption im Boden zu senken und dadurch den Anteil an pflanzenverfuegbarem Phosphat zu erhoehen. Weiterhin ermoeglichen die erhobenen Daten die Diskussion, inwiefern mikrobielle Funktionen und die Mineralisierbarkeit von Porg zusammenhaengen und wie die Interaktionen von Pflanzen beeinflusst werden. Zwischenfruechte steigerten sowohl die Abundanz und Aktivitaet von Mikroben, als auch die Menge an P in der mikrobiellen Biomasse. Diese Potentialsteigerung des P-Kreislaufs steigerte die Verfuegbarkeit des Porg fuer zugefuegte Enzyme. Es muss bedacht werden, dass die Rueckkopplungen zwischen Enzymaktivitaet und verschiedenen Porg-Pools komplex sind. Diese haengen von den lokalen Eigenschaften des Bodens, wie etwa der Zusammensetzung des P-Vorrats, ab und sollten durch zukuenftige Studien geklaert werden. Drittens zeigen unsere Untersuchungen, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht und die der Bewirtschaftung (z.B. Bodenbearbeitung oder Fruchtfolge) die relative Gewichtung der verschiedenen Pfade des P-Vorteils fuer die Hauptfrucht beeinflussen. Standortangepasste Zwischenfruchtsysteme erlauben es Landwirt:innen, die Funktionen ihres Agrooekosystems hinsichtlich der lokalen Bedingungen zu optimieren. Zusammenfassend bestaetigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass der P-Bedarf der Hauptfrucht ueber die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht gedeckt werden kann und zeigen auf, dass die charakterisierten drei Pfade des P-Vorteils durch Zwischenfruchtanbau parallel stattfinden. Schlie\u00dflich koennen die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ueber den Phosphorkreislauf, basierend auf der Kombination von bodenmikrobiologischen Methoden mit der Charakterisierung der Labilitaet von Porg, zur zukuenftigen Entwicklung einer nachhaltigeren Landwirtschaft beitragen.", "keywords": ["830", "Bodenmikrobiologie", "Fruchtfolge", "phosphorus mobilization", "Agriculture", "Phosphor", "N\u00e4hrstoffkreislauf", "Zwischenfrucht", "630", "soil microbiology", "Bodenmikroorganismus", "sustainable agriculture", "nutrient management", "ddc:630", "Phosphorkreislauf"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hallama, Moritz", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "name": "item", "description": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120637", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-25", "title": "How does management affect soil C sequestration and greenhouse gas fluxes in boreal and temperate forests? \u2013 A review", "description": "The global forest carbon (C) stock is estimated at 662 Gt of which 45% is in soil organic matter. Thus, comprehensive understanding of the effects of forest management practices on forest soil C stock and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes is needed for the development of effective forest-based climate change mitigation strategies. To improve this understanding, we synthesized peer-reviewed literature on forest management practices that canmitigate climate change by increasing soil C stocks and reducing GHG emissions. We further identified soil processes that affect soil GHG balance and discussed how models represent forest management effects on soil in GHG inventories and scenario analyses to address forest climate change mitigation potential.Forest management effects depend strongly on the specific practice and land type. Intensive timber harvesting with removal of harvest residues/stumps results in a reduction in soil C stock, while high stocking density and enhanced productivity by fertilization or dominance of coniferous species increase soil C stock. Nitrogenfertilization increases the soil C stock and N2O emissions while decreasing the CH4 sink. Peatland hydrology management is a major driver of the GHG emissions of the peatland forests, with lower water level corresponding to higher CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the global warming potential of all GHG emissions (CO2, CH4 and N2O) together can be ten-fold higher after clear-cutting than in peatlands with standing trees. The climate change mitigation potential of forest soils, as estimated by modelling approaches, accounts for stand biomass driven effects and climate factors that affect the decomposition rate. A future challenge is to account for the effects of soil preparation and other management that affects soil processes by changing soil temperature, soil moisture, soil nutrient balance, microbial community structure and processes, hydrology and soil oxygen concentration in the models. We recommend that soil monitoring and modelling focus on linkingprocesses of soil C stabilization with the functioning of soil microbiota.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "330", "550", "Peatland hydrology management", "CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION", "WOOD ASH APPLICATION", "530", "Greenhouse gas", "SITE PREPARATION", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "BELOW-GROUND CARBON", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "2. Zero hunger", "PONDEROSA PINE", "GE", "PLANT LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "NORWAY SPRUCE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "004", "Forest fertilization", "Harvesting practices", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Forest fire management", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Forest soil carbon management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE", "GE Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120637"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120637", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120637", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120637"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10661-023-11079-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-03-25", "title": "Evaluating the impacts of sustainable land management practices on water quality in an agricultural catchment in Lower Austria using SWAT", "description": "AbstractManaging agricultural watersheds in an environmentally friendly manner necessitate the strategic implementation of well-targeted sustainable land management (SLM) practices that limit soil and nonpoint source pollution losses and translocation. Watershed-scale SLM-scenario modeling has the potential to identify efficient and effective management strategies from the field to the integrated landscape level. In a case study targeting a 66-hectare watershed in Petzenkirchen, Lower Austria, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to evaluate a variety of locally adoptable SLM practices. SWAT was calibrated and validated (monthly) at the catchment outlet for flow, sediment, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff93N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4\uffe2\uff80\uff93N), and mineralized phosphorus (PO4\uffe2\uff80\uff93P) using SWATplusR. Considering the locally existing agricultural practices and socioeconomic and environmental factors of the research area, four conservation practices were evaluated: baseline scenario, contour farming (CF), winter cover crops (CC), and a combination of no-till and cover crops (NT\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89CC). The NT\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89CC SLM practice was found to be the most effective soil conservation practice in reducing soil loss by around 80%, whereas CF obtained the best results for decreasing the nutrient loads of NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff93N and PO4\uffe2\uff80\uff93P by 11% and 35%, respectively. The findings of this study imply that the setup SWAT model can serve the context-specific performance assessment and eventual promotion of SLM interventions that mitigate on-site land degradation and the consequential off-site environmental pollution resulting from agricultural nonpoint sources.Measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture are essential for understanding the complex soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93crop\uffe2\uff80\uff93climate processes, but there are practical and economic limits to the spatial and temporal extent over which measurements can be made. Therefore, N2O models have an important role to play. As models are comparatively cheap to run, they can be used to extrapolate field measurements to regional or national scales, to simulate emissions over long time periods, or to run scenarios to compare mitigation practices. Process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can also be used as an aid to understanding the underlying processes, as they can simulate feedbacks and interactions that can be difficult to distinguish in the field. However, when applying models, it is important to understand the conceptual process differences in models, how conceptual understanding changed over time in various models, and the model requirements and limitations to ensure that the model is well suited to the purpose of the investigation and the type of system being simulated. The aim of this paper is to give the reader a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90level overview of some of the important issues that should be considered when modeling. This includes conceptual understanding of widely used models, common modeling techniques such as calibration and validation, assessing model fit, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty assessment. We also review examples of N2O modeling for different purposes and describe three commonly used process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based N2O models (APSIM, DayCent, and DNDC).A pilot scale biorefinery platform for the treatment of agro-waste and the production of hydrogen, methane and volatile fatty acids was studied in real environment. The system adopted was a two stage anaerobic process where hydrogen and volatile fatty acids were produced in the first phase (fermentation) and methane in the second one (digestion). The study demonstrated the possibility to produce a biogas composed by hydrogen and methane (10% and 55%, respectively) while recovering volatile fatty acids. The yield for acids production was equivalent to 0.13\uffc2\uffa0gVFA/gTVS (as COD) with acetate and butyrate as dominant observed species.
Graphic Abstra", "keywords": ["Horizon 2020", "Environmental Engineering", "Circular economy", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "Polyhydroxyalkanoates", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Biorefinery", "12. Responsible consumption", "Bio-economy", "Bioresource recovery", "Euratom", "13. Climate action", "Volatile fatty acids", "European Union (EU)", "Waste Management and Disposal", "Agricultural waste", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12649-020-01023-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01023-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20and%20Biomass%20Valorization", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12649-020-01023-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12649-020-01023-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12649-020-01023-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-24", "title": "Functional Land Management: Bridging the Think-Do-Gap using a multi-stakeholder science policy interface", "description": "Functional Land Management (FLM) is proposed as an integrator for sustainability policies and assesses the functional capacity of the soil and land to deliver primary productivity, water purification and regulation, carbon cycling and storage, habitat for biodiversity and recycling of nutrients. This paper presents the catchment challenge as a method to bridge the gap between science, stakeholders and policy for the effective management of soils to deliver these functions. Two challenges were completed by a wide range of stakeholders focused around a physical catchment model-(1) to design an optimised catchment based on soil function targets, (2) identify gaps to implementation of the proposed design. In challenge 1, a high level of consensus between different stakeholders emerged on soil and management measures to be implemented to achieve soil function targets. Key gaps including knowledge, a mix of market and voluntary incentives and mandatory measures were identified in challenge 2.", "keywords": ["Conservation of Natural Resources", "functional land management", "Soil functions", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "Functional Land Management", "Policy framework", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Think-Do-Gap", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil functions", "Models", " Theoretical", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "6. Clean water", "Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "think-do-gap", "Perspective", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "policy framework", "stakeholder workshops", "Stakeholder workshops"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ambio", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13280-017-0983-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eap.1460", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-21", "title": "Forest Management Scenarios In A Changing Climate: Trade-Offs Between Carbon, Timber, And Old Forest", "description": "AbstractBalancing economic, ecological, and social values has long been a challenge in the forests of the Pacific Northwest, where conflict over timber harvest and old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth habitat on public lands has been contentious for the past several decades. The Northwest Forest Plan, adopted two decades ago to guide management on federal lands, is currently being revised as the region searches for a balance between sustainable timber yields and habitat for sensitive species. In addition, climate change imposes a high degree of uncertainty on future forest productivity, sustainability of timber harvest, wildfire risk, and species habitat. We evaluated the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, landscape\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale trade\uffe2\uff80\uff90offs among carbon (C) storage, timber yield, and old forest habitat given projected climate change and shifts in forest management policy across 2.1 million hectares of forests in the Oregon Coast Range. Projections highlight the divergence between private and public lands under business\uffe2\uff80\uff90as\uffe2\uff80\uff90usual forest management, where private industrial forests are heavily harvested and many public (especially federal) lands increase C and old forest over time but provide little timber. Three alternative management scenarios altering the amount and type of timber harvest show widely varying levels of ecosystem C and old\uffe2\uff80\uff90forest habitat. On federal lands, ecological forestry practices also allowed a simultaneous increase in old forest and natural early\uffe2\uff80\uff90seral habitat. The ecosystem C implications of shifts away from current practices were large, with current practices retaining up to 105\uffc2\uffa0Tg more C than the alternative scenarios by the end of the century. Our results suggest climate change is likely to increase forest productivity by 30\uffe2\uff80\uff9341% and total ecosystem C storage by 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9315% over the next century as warmer winter temperatures allow greater forest productivity in cooler months. These gains in C storage are unlikely to be offset by wildfire under climate change, due to the legacy of management and effective fire suppression. Our scenarios of future conditions can inform policy makers, land managers, and the public about the potential effects of land management alternatives, climate change, and the trade\uffe2\uff80\uff90offs that are inherent to management and policy in the region.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Forest management -- Economic aspects", "0106 biological sciences", "Climate Change", "Forestry", "Forest fires -- Effect of climate change on", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Oregon", "Forest management -- Social aspects", "13. Climate action", "Northwest Forest Plan (U.S.)", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1460"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eap.1460", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eap.1460", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eap.1460"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-02-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-18", "title": "Legumes For Mitigation Of Climate Change And The Provision Of Feedstock For Biofuels And Biorefineries. A Review", "description": "Humans are currently confronted by many global challenges. These include achieving food security for a rapidly expanding population, lowering the risk of climate change by reducing the net release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere due to human activity, and meeting the increasing demand for energy in the face of dwindling reserves of fossil energy and uncertainties about future reliability of supply. Legumes deliver several important services to societies. They provide important sources of oil, fiber, and protein-rich food and feed while supplying nitrogen (N) to agro-ecosystems via their unique ability to fix atmospheric N2 in symbiosis with the soil bacteria rhizobia, increasing soil carbon content, and stimulating the productivity of the crops that follow. However, the role of legumes has rarely been considered in the context of their potential to contribute to the mitigation of climate change by reducing fossil fuel use or by providing feedstock for the emerging biobased economies where fossil sources of energy and industrial raw materials are replaced in part by sustainable and renewable biomass resources. The aim of this review was to collate the current knowledge regarding the capacity of legumes to (1) lower the emissions of the key greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) compared to N-fertilized systems, (2) reduce the fossil energy used in the production of food and forage, (3) contribute to the sequestration of carbon (C) in soils, and (4) provide a viable source of biomass for the generation of biofuels and other materials in future biorefinery concepts. We estimated that globally between 350 and 500\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 could be emitted as a result of the 33 to 46\u00a0Tg\u00a0N that is biologically fixed by agricultural legumes each year. This compares to around 300\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 released annually from the manufacture of 100\u00a0Tg fertilizer N. The main difference is that the CO2 respired from the nodulated roots of N2-fixing legumes originated from photosynthesis and will not represent a net contribution to atmospheric concentrations of CO2, whereas the CO2 generated during the synthesis of N fertilizer was derived from fossil fuels. Experimental measures of total N2O fluxes from legumes and N-fertilized systems were found to vary enormously (0.03\u20137.09 and 0.09\u201318.16\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively). This reflected the data being collated from a diverse range of studies using different rates of N inputs, as well as the large number of climatic, soil, and management variables known to influence denitrification and the portion of the total N lost as N2O. Averages across 71 site-years of data, soils under legumes emitted a total of 1.29\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 during a growing season. This compared to a mean of 3.22\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 67 site-years of N-fertilized crops and pastures, and 1.20\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 33 site-years of data collected from unplanted soils or unfertilized non-legumes. It was concluded that there was little evidence that biological N2 fixation substantially contributed to total N2O emissions, and that losses of N2O from legume soil were generally lower than N-fertilized systems, especially when commercial rates of N fertilizer were applied. Elevated rates of N2O losses can occur following the termination of legume-based pastures, or where legumes had been green- or brown-manured and there was a rapid build-up of high concentrations of nitrate in soil. Legume crops and legume-based pastures use 35% to 60% less fossil energy than N-fertilized cereals or grasslands, and the inclusion of legumes in cropping sequences reduced the average annual energy usage over a rotation by 12% to 34%. The reduced energy use was primarily due to the removal of the need to apply N fertilizer and the subsequently lower N fertilizer requirements for crops grown following legumes. Life cycle energy balances of legume-based rotations were also assisted by a lower use of agrichemicals for crop protection as diversification of cropping sequences reduce the incidence of cereal pathogens and pests and assisted weed control, although it was noted that differences in fossil energy use between legumes and N-fertilized systems were greatly diminished if energy use was expressed per unit of biomass or grain produced. For a change in land use to result in a net increase C sequestration in soil, the inputs of C remaining in plant residues need to exceed the CO2 respired by soil microbes during the decomposition of plant residues or soil organic C, and the C lost through wind or water erosion. The net N-balance of the system was a key driver of changes in soil C stocks in many environments, and data collected from pasture, cropping, and agroforestry systems all indicated that legumes played a pivotal role in providing the additional organic N required to encourage the accumulation of soil C at rates greater than can be achieved by cereals or grasses even when they were supplied with N fertilizer. Legumes contain a range of compounds, which could be refined to produce raw industrial materials currently manufactured from petroleum-based sources, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, or food additives as valuable by-products if legume biomass was to be used to generate biodiesel, bioethanol, biojet A1 fuel, or biogas. The attraction of using leguminous material feedstock is that they do not need the inputs of N fertilizer that would otherwise be necessary to support the production of high grain yields or large amounts of plant biomass since it is the high fossil energy use in the synthesis, transport, and application of N fertilizers that often negates much of the net C benefits of many other bioenergy sources. The use of legume biomass for biorefineries needs careful thought as there will be significant trade-offs with the current role of legumes in contributing to the organic fertility of soils. Agricultural systems will require novel management and plant breeding solutions to provide the range of options that will be required to mitigate climate change. Given their array of ecosystem services and their ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lower the use of fossil energy, accelerate rates of C sequestration in soil, and provide a valuable source of feedstock for biorefineries, legumes should be considered as important components in the development of future agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "571", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Air and water emissions", "Greenhouses and coverings", "7. Clean energy", "Biorefinery", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "2305 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Biological N2 fixation", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-07", "title": "Fourteen Years Of Evidence For Positive Effects Of Conservation Agriculture And Organic Farming On Soil Life", "description": "Conventional agriculture strongly alters soil quality due to industrial practices that often have negative effects on soil life. Alternative systems such as conservation agriculture and organic farming could restore better conditions for soil organisms. Improving soil life should in turn improve soil quality and farming sustainability. Here, we have compared for the first time the long-term effects of conservation agriculture, organic farming, and conventional agriculture on major soil organisms such as microbes, nematofauna, and macrofauna. We have also analyzed functional groups. Soils were sampled at the 14-year-old experimental site of La Cage, near Versailles, France. The microbial community was analyzed using molecular biology techniques. Nematofauna and macrofauna were analyzed and classified into functional groups. Our results show that both conservation and organic systems increased the abundance and biomass of all soil organisms, except predaceous nematodes. For example, macrofauna increased from 100 to 2,500 %, nematodes from 100 to 700 %, and microorganisms from 30 to 70 %. Conservation agriculture showed a higher overall improvement than organic farming. Conservation agriculture increased the number of many organisms such as bacteria, fungi, anecic earthworms, and phytophagous and rhizophagous arthropods. Organic farming improved mainly the bacterial pathway of the soil food web and endogeic and anecic earthworms. Overall, our study shows that long-term, no-tillage, and cover crops are better for soil biota than periodic legume green manures, pesticides, and mineral fertilizers.", "keywords": ["570", "biodiversit\u00e9 du sol", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "630", "Soil quality", "n\u00e9matofaune", "microorganisme du sol", "agriculture biologique", "Soil food web", "Land management", "11. Sustainability", "Agricultural sustainability", "Soil biodiversity;Functional groups;Soil food web;Soil functionning;Soil quality;Land management;Agricultural sustainability;Agroecosystems;Agroecology", "Agroecosystems", "Soil functioning", "2. Zero hunger", "communaut\u00e9 microbienne", "Soil functionning", "agriculture conventionnelle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agro\u00e9cologie", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "Functional groups", "agriculture de conservation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agroecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-05", "title": "Diversified grain-based cropping systems provide long-term weed control while limiting herbicide use and yield losses", "description": "Integrated weed management encourages long-term planning and targeted use of cultural strategies coherently combined at the cropping system scale. The transition towards such systems is challenged by a belief of lower productivity and higher weed pressure. Here, we hypothesize that diversifying the crop sequence and its associated weed management tools allow long-term agronomic sustainability (low herbicide use, efficient weed control, and high productivity). Four 6-year rotations with different constraints (S2: transition from reduced tillage to no-till, chemical weeding; S3: chemical weeding; S4: typical integrated weed management system; S5: mechanical weeding) were compared to a reference (S1: 3-year rotation, systematic ploughing, chemical weeding) in terms of herbicide use, weed management, and productivity over the 2000\u20132017 period. Weed density was measured before and after weeding. Crop and weed biomass were sampled at crop flowering. Compared to S1, herbicide use was reduced by 46, 65, and 99% in S3, S4, and S5 respectively. Herbicide use in S2 was maintained at the same level as S1 (\u2212\u20099%), due to increased weed pressure and dependence to glyphosate for weed control during the fallow period of the no-till phase. Weed biomass was low across all cropping systems (0 to 5\u00a0g of dry matter m\u22122) but weed dynamics were stable over the 17\u00a0years in S1 and S4 only. Compared to S1, productivity at the cropping system scale was reduced by 22% in S2 and by 33% in S3. These differences were mainly attributed to a higher proportion of crops with low intrinsic productivity in S2 and S3. Through S4\u2019s multiperformance, we show for the first time that low herbicide use, long-term weed management, and high crop productivity can be reconciled in grain-based cropping systems provided that a diversified crop rotation integrating a diverse suite of tactics (herbicides included) is implemented.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Weed dynamics", "Sustainable agriculture", "Integrated weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cropping system . Integrated weed management .Weed dynamics . Crop productivity . Sustainable agriculture", "630", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Crop productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-04", "title": "Relay intercropping can efficiently support weed managementin cereal-based cropping systems when appropriate legume speciesare chosen", "description": "AbstractRelay intercropping of subsidiary legumes with durum wheat (living mulch) can be a viable option to support ecological weed control and optimize nutrient cycling in cereal-based cropping systems. However, the lack of knowledge on suitable legume species is often identified as the main bottleneck for the successful application of legume living mulches. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of 12 different legumes for relay intercropping with wheat in two contrasting Mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems respectively characterized by low-input and integrated management. Each legume was monitored from the undersowing in wheat until the following spring and we compared direct drilling to broadcast sowing of legumes. None of the undersown legumes showed a negative effect on the wheat grain yield. Relay intercropping of legumes proved to be an effective solution to control weeds before and after the wheat harvest, provided suitable legumes species are chosen. Suitable legumes reduced the weed biomass up to the 90% during the intercropping and up to 94% in the following spring. On the contrary, legumes such as Trifoliumresupinatum, Viciavillosa, Medicagotruncatula, and Medicagoscutellata boosted weed growth in the following spring in comparison with the control. According to the performance of legumes, Medicagosativa, Trifoliumrepens and Medicagolupulina had the most suitable characteristics for relay intercropping with durum wheat at the Ravenna site, in a highly productive region whereas Medicagosativa, Hedysarumcoronarium and Trifoliumsubterraneum performed better in the low-input system near Pisa, where yields are generally lower. This is the first time that such a diversity in legumes species is tested in the same experiment for relay intercropping under diversified environmental and management conditions. The results of this study can support farmers in selecting the most appropriated legume species for their specific cropping systems and local conditions.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Living mulch", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "IWMPRAISE", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Integrated Weed Management", "Horizon2020", "Crop diversification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Subsidiary crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/549112/1/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-01", "title": "Sustainable soil management measures: a synthesis of stakeholder recommendations", "description": "AbstractSoil degradation threatens agricultural production and soil multifunctionality. Efforts for private and public governance are increasingly emerging to leverage sustainable soil management. They require consensus across science, policy, and practice about what sustainable soil management entails. Such agreement does not yet exist to a sufficient extent in agronomic terms; what is lacking is a concise list of soil management measures that enjoy broad support among all stakeholders, and evidence on the question what hampers their implementation by farmers. We therefore screened stakeholder documents from public governance institutions, nongovernmental organizations, the agricultural industry, and conventional and organic farmer associations for recommendations related to agricultural soil management in Germany. Out of 46 recommended measures in total, we compiled a shortlist of the seven most consensual ones: (1) structural landscape elements, (2) organic fertilization, (3) diversified crop rotation, (4) permanent soil cover, (5) conservation tillage, (6) reduced soil loads, and (7) optimized timing of wheeling. Together, these measures support all agricultural soil functions, and address all major soil threats except soil contamination. Implementation barriers were identified with the aid of an online survey among farmers (n = 78). Results showed that a vast majority of farmers (> 80%) approved of all measures. Barriers were mostly considered to be economic and in some cases technological, while missing knowledge or other factors were less relevant. Barriers were stronger for those measures that cannot be implemented in isolation, but require a systemic diversification of the production system. This is especially the case for measures that are simultaneously beneficial to many soil functions (measures 2, 3, and 4). Results confirm the need for a diversification of the agricultural system in order to meet challenges of food security and climate change. The shortlist presents the first integrative compilation of sustainable soil management measures supporting the design of effective public or private governance.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft", " Veterin\u00e4rmedizin", "Diversification in agriculture", "Agriculture in transition", " Diversification in agriculture", " Soil functions", " Soil health", " Sustainable soil management", " Stakeholder recommendations", "Sustainable soil management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil functions", "Agriculture in transition", "01 natural sciences", "soil functions ; sustainable soil management ; agriculture in transition ; diversifcation in agriculture ; soil health ; stakeholder recommendations", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)", "13. Climate action", "Soil health", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben", "Stakeholder recommendations", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-022-00864-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-023-00911-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-04", "title": "The role of conservation agriculture practices in mitigating N2O emissions: A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract\uffc2\uffa0Conservation agriculture is often assumed to reduce soil N2O emissions. Yet, studies analyzing the specific effect of conservation agriculture practices on N2O emissions give contradictory results. Herein, we synthesized a comprehensive database on the three main conservation agriculture practices (cover crops, diversified crop rotations, and no-till and/or reduced tillage (NT/RT)) to elucidate the role of conservation practices on N2O emissions. Further, we used a random meta-forest approach to identify the most important predictors of the effects of these practices on soil N2O emissions. Averaged across all comparisons, NT/RT significantly decreased soil N2O emissions by 11% (95% CI: \uffe2\uff80\uff9319 to \uffe2\uff80\uff931%) compared to conventional tillage. The reductions due to NT/RT were more commonly observed in humid climates and in soils with an initial carbon content < 20 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931. The implementation of cover crops and diversified crop rotations led to variable effects on soil N2O emissions. Cover crops were more likely to reduce soil N2O emissions at neutral soil pH, and in soils with intermediate carbon (~20 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and nitrogen (~3 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931) contents. Diversified crop rotations tended to increase soil N2O emissions in temperate regions and neutral to alkaline soils. Our results provide a comprehensive predictive framework to understand the conditions in which the adoption of various conservation agriculture practices can contribute to climate change mitigation. Combining these results with a similar mechanistic understanding of conservation agriculture impacts on ecosystem services and crop production will pave the way for a wider adoption globally of these management practices.Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees, which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.2000\u00a0\u03bcm) than those without earthworms, because of the production of large macroaggregates by earthworms. Earthworm effect on soil aggregation was greater with rice than with soybean residues. Casts (extracted from mesocosms with earthworms) were slightly enriched in C and showed significantly higher mineralization than the non-ingested soil (NIS), showing that at the time scale of our study, the carbon contained in the casts was not protected against mineralization. No difference in microbial biomass was found between casts and NIS. Complementary investigations are necessary to assess long-term effects of earthworm addition on SOM dynamics, the conditions of occurrence of physical protection, and the impact of earthworms on the structure of the microbial community.", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "Pontoscolex corethrurus", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "residue management", "microbial biomass", "carbon mineralization", "Carbon mineralization", "Direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems", "Microbial biomass", "Residue management", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "carbon protection", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Carbon protection", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "direct seeding mulch based cropping systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/cli2.19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-21", "title": "An alert system for Seasonal Fire probability forecast for South American Protected Areas", "description": "Abstract
Timely spatially explicit warning of areas with high fire occurrence probability is an important component of strategic plans to prevent and monitor fires within South American (SA) Protected Areas (PAs). In this study, we present a five\uffe2\uff80\uff90level alert system, which combines both climatological and anthropogenic factors, the two main drivers of fires in SA. The alert levels are: High Alert, Alert, Attention, Observation and Low Probability. The trend in the number of active fires over the past three years and the accumulated number of active fires over the same period were used as indicators of intensification of human use of fire in that region, possibly associated with ongoing land use/land cover change (LULCC). An ensemble of temperature and precipitation gridded output from the GloSea5 Seasonal Forecast System was used to indicate an enhanced probability of hot and dry weather conditions that combined with LULCC favour fire occurrences. Alerts from this system were first issued in August 2020, for the period ranging from August to October (ASO) 2020. Overall, 50% of all fires observed during the ASO 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 period and 40% of the ASO 2020 fires occurred in only 29 PAs were all categorized in the top two alert levels. In categories mapped as High Alert level, 34% of the PAs experienced an increase in fires compared with the 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 reference period, and 81% of the High Alert false alarm registered fire occurrence above the median. Initial feedback from stakeholders indicates that these alerts were used to inform resource management in some PAs. We expect that these forecasts can provide continuous information aiming at changing societal perceptions of fire use and consequently subsidize strategic planning and mitigatory actions, focusing on timely responses to a disaster risk management strategy. Further research must focus on the model improvement and knowledge translation to stakeholders.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Atmospheric Science", "Land cover", "Flood Risk", "Precipitation", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Impact of Climate Change on Forest Wildfires", "Global Flood Risk Assessment and Management", "Meteorology", "Engineering", "Machine learning", "False alarm", "Civil engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Climatology", "Global and Planetary Change", "Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Climate Change", "Geography", "Warning system", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Land use", "Telecommunications", "FOS: Civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Climate%20Resilience%20and%20Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/cli2.19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/cli2.19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.2199", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-27", "title": "Temperature and aridity regulate spatial variability of soil multifunctionality in drylands across the globe", "description": "AbstractThe relationship between the spatial variability of soil multifunctionality (i.e., the capacity of soils to conduct multiple functions; SVM) and major climatic drivers, such as temperature and aridity, has never been assessed globally in terrestrial ecosystems. We surveyed 236 dryland ecosystems from six continents to evaluate the relative importance of aridity and mean annual temperature, and of other abiotic (e.g., texture) and biotic (e.g., plant cover) variables as drivers of SVM, calculated as the averaged coefficient of variation for multiple soil variables linked to nutrient stocks and cycling. We found that increases in temperature and aridity were globally correlated to increases in SVM. Some of these climatic effects on SVM were direct, but others were indirectly driven through reductions in the number of vegetation patches and increases in soil sand content. The predictive capacity of our structural equation\uffc2\uffa0modelling was clearly higher for the spatial variability of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than for C\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and P\uffe2\uff80\uff90related soil variables. In the case of N cycling, the effects of temperature and aridity were both direct and indirect via changes in soil properties. For C and P, the effect of climate was mainly indirect via changes in plant attributes. These results suggest that future changes in climate may decouple the spatial availability of these elements for plants and microbes in dryland soils. Our findings significantly advance our understanding of the patterns and mechanisms driving SVM in drylands across the globe, which is critical for predicting changes in ecosystem functioning in response to climate change.Climate change in the western United States has increased the frequency of extreme fire weather events and is projected to increase the area burned by wildfire in the coming decades. This changing fire regime, coupled with increased high\uffe2\uff80\uff90severity fire risk from a legacy of fire exclusion, could destabilize forest carbon (C), decrease net ecosystem exchange (NEE), and consequently reduce the ability of forests to regulate climate through C sequestration. While management options for minimizing the risk of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90severity fire exist, little is known about the longer\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon consequences of these actions in the context of continued extreme fire weather events. Our goal was to compare the impacts of extreme wildfire events on carbon stocks and fluxes in a watershed in the Sierra National Forest. We ran simulations to model wildfire under contemporary and extreme fire weather conditions, and test how three management scenarios (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90management, thin\uffe2\uff80\uff90only, thin and maintenance burning) influence fire severity, forest C stocks and fluxes, and wildfire C emissions. We found that the effects of treatment on wildfire under contemporary fire weather were minimal, and management conferred neither significant reduction in fire severity nor increases in C stocks. However, under extreme fire weather, the thin and maintenance burning scenario decreased mean fire severity by 25%, showed significantly greater C stability, and unlike the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90management and thin\uffe2\uff80\uff90only management options, the thin and maintenance burning scenario showed no decrease in NEE relative to the contemporary fire weather scenarios. Further, under extreme fire weather conditions, wildfire C emissions were lowest in the thin and maintenance burning scenario, (reduction of 13.7\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha over the simulation period) even when taking into account the C costs associated with prescribed burning. Including prescribed burning in thinning operations may be critical to maintaining C\uffc2\uffa0stocks and reducing C emissions in the future where extreme fire weather events are more frequent.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "13. Climate action", "Forest management -- Environmental aspects", "Wildfires -- West (U.S.) -- Effect of climatic changes on", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/esm_fac/article/1188/viewcontent/Krofcheck_et_al_2017_Ecosphere__1_.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1663"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1663", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1663", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1663"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ece3.71670", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-07-17", "title": "Ground\u2010Dwelling Spider Community Responses to Forest Management in a Mediterranean Oak Forest", "description": "ABSTRACTTimber production is one of the most important ecosystem services provided by hardwood forests, but clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting causes severe soil disturbance. There is a current need to develop alternative forest management practices to clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting in order to simultaneously promote timber production, preserve biodiversity and enhance forest health and economic value. Here, we experimentally manipulated a Quercus pubescens forest to evaluate the effects of a thinning gradient (i.e., partial tree removal) ranging from 25% to 75% basal area reduction and a logging residue retention (i.e., slash management) on ground\uffe2\uff80\uff90dwelling spider abundance and species richness. These two alternative management practices were compared with clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting (100% basal area reduction) and logging residue exportation methods. In each treatment, we recorded soil temperature and moisture, understorey vegetation cover, richness and functional traits and mesologic factors describing habitat characteristics. We found clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting had a stronger effect than thinning on the microclimatic conditions, i.e., higher temperatures, drier soils and reduced forest buffering capacity. The 25% thinning intensity was sufficient to drastically reduce both spider abundance and richness, but we did not find a more significant reduction when more intensive cutting was applied. This result suggests a threshold effect in the response of spiders to cutting. Significant changes in the functional diversity of understory plant communities in response to basal area were observed, along with strong effects on spider communities. Unexpectedly, slash retention appeared to have little or no effect on the forest microclimate, spider abundance and species richness. This work is intended for forest managers and policymakers and aims to contribute to the development of relevant practices that address current environmental and economic challenges. While our findings provide valuable insights into understudied forest management practices in Mediterranean climates, additional research is required, particularly through multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90seasonal and long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term spider sampling.Improvements in land use and management are needed at a global scale to tackle interconnected global challenges of population growth, poverty, migration, climate change, biodiversity loss, and degrading land and water resources. There are hundreds of technical options for improving the sustainability of land management and preventing or reversing degradation, but there are many sociocultural, institutional, economic, and policy barriers hindering their adoption at large scale. To tackle this challenge, the Dryland Systems Program of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research and the UN Convention to Combat Desertification convened an expert group to consider barriers and incentives to scaling technologies, processes, policies, or institutional arrangements. The group reviewed existing frameworks for scaling sustainable land management (SLM) interventions across a range of contexts and identified eight critical actions for success: (a) plan iteratively; (b) consistently fund; (c) select SLM options for scaling based on best available evidence; (d) identify and engage with stakeholders at all scales; (e) build capacity for scaling; (f) foster institutional leadership and policy change to support scaling; (g) achieve early benefits and incentives for as many stakeholders as possible; and (h) monitor, evaluate, and communicate. Incentives for scaling were identified for the private sector, farmers and their communities, and policy makers. Based on these findings, a new action framework for scaling is presented that analyses the contexts where specific SLM interventions can be scaled, so that SLM options can be screened and adapted to these contexts, piloted and disseminated. The framework can help countries achieve land degradation neutrality.Agroforestry (AF) has the potential to restore degraded lands, provide a broader range of ecosystem goods and services such as carbon (C) sequestration and high biodiversity, and increase soil fertility and ecosystem stability through additional C input from trees, erosion prevention, and microclimate improvement. Advantages and processes for global C sequestration in AF are unknown. We used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 427 soil C stock data pairs grouped into four main AF systems\uffe2\uff80\uff94alley cropping, windbreaks, silvopastures, and homegardens\uffe2\uff80\uff94and evaluated changes in AF and adjacent control cropland or pasture. Mean soil C stocks in AF (1\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depth) were 126\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, which is 19% more than that in cropland or pasture. The highest C stocks in soil were in subtropical homegardens, AF with younger trees, and topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm). Increased soil C stocks in AF were lower than aboveground C stocks in most AF systems, except alley cropping. Homegardens stored the highest C in both aboveground and belowground, especially in the subsoil (20\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm). Advantages of AF ecosystem services focusing on mechanisms of belowground C sequestration were analyzed. AF could store 5.3\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0109\uffc2\uffa0Mg additional C in soil on 944\uffc2\uffa0Mha globally, with most in the tropics and subtropics. AF systems could greatly contribute to global soil C sequestration if used in larger areas. Future investigations of AF should include (a) mechanistic\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies (instead of common monitoring and inventories), (b) models linking forest and crop growth with soil water and C and nutrient cycling, and (c) accurate assessments of the AF area worldwide based on the remote sensing approaches.
", "keywords": ["meta-analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "13. Climate action", "sustainable land use", "homegardens", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agroforestry management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ecosystem services", "carbon sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/saj2.20161", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-25", "title": "Space and time\u2010resolved monitoring of phosphorus release from a fertilizer pellet and its mobility in soil using microdialysis and X\u2010ray computed tomography", "description": "AbstractPhosphorus is an essential nutrient for crops. Precise spatiotemporal application of P fertilizer can improve plant P acquisition and reduce run\uffe2\uff80\uff90off losses of P. Optimizing application would benefit from understanding the dynamics of P release from a fertilizer pellet into bulk soil, which requires space\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and time\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolved measurements of P concentration in soil solutions. In this study, we combined microdialysis and X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray computed tomography to investigate P transport in soil. Microdialysis probes enabled repeated solute sampling from one location with minimal physical disturbance, and their small dimensions permitted spatially resolved monitoring. We observed a rapid initial release of P from the source, producing high dissolved P concentrations within the first 24\uffc2\uffa0h, followed by a decrease in dissolved P over time compatible with adsorption onto soil particles. Soils with greater bulk density (i.e., reduced soil porosity) impeded the P pulse movement, which resulted in a less homogeneous distribution of total P in the soil column at the end of the experiment. The model fit to the data showed that the observed phenomena can be explained by diffusion and adsorption. The results showed that compared with conventional measurement techniques (e.g., suction cups), microdialysis measurements present a less invasive alternative. The time\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolved measurements ultimately highlighted rapid P dynamics that require more attention for improving P use efficiency.The exponential rise of information available means we can now, in theory, access knowledge on almost any question we ask. However, as the amount of unverified information increases, so too does the challenge in deciding which information to trust. Farmers, when learning about agricultural innovations, have historically relied on in-person advice from traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, such as agricultural advisers, to inform farm management. As more farmers go online for information, it is not clear whether they are now using digital information to corroborate in-person advice from traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, or if they are foregoing \uffe2\uff80\uff98expert\uffe2\uff80\uff99 advice in preference for peer-generated information. To fill this knowledge gap, we sought to understand how farmers in two contrasting European countries (Hungary and the UK) learnt about sustainable soil innovations and who influenced them to innovate. Through interviews with 82 respondents, we found farmers in both countries regularly used online sources to access soil information; some were prompted to change their soil management by farmer social media \uffe2\uff80\uff98influencers\uffe2\uff80\uff99. However, online information and interactions were not usually the main factor influencing farmers to change their practices. Farmers placed most trust in other farmers to learn about new soil practices and were less trusting of traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, particularly agricultural researchers from academic and government institutions, who they believed were not empathetic towards farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 needs. We suggest that some farmers may indeed have had enough of traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, instead relying more on their own peer networks to learn and innovate. We discuss ways to improve trustworthy knowledge exchange between agricultural stakeholders to increase uptake of sustainable soil management practices, while acknowledging the value of peer influence and online interactions for innovation and trust building.Growing sustainability demands on land have a high knowledge requirement across multiple scientific domains. Exploring networks can expose opportunities for targeting. Using mixed-methods combining social network analysis (SNA) and surveys, networks for key soil functions in case studies in Germany, Ireland and the Netherlands are explored. We find a diversity of contrasting networks that reflect local conditions, sustainability challenges and governance structure. Farmers were found to occupy a central role in the agri-environmental governance network. A comparison of the SNA and survey results indicate low acceptance of messages from many central actors indicating scope to better harness the network for sustainable land management. The source of the messages was important when it came to the implementation of farm management actions. Two pathways for enhanced farmer uptake of multi-functionality are proposed that have wider application are; to increase trust between farmers and actors that are agents of multi-functional messages and/or to increase the bundling or multi-functionality of messages (mandate) of actors trusted by farmers.