{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-21", "title": "Straw incorporation increases crop yield and soil organic carbon sequestration but varies under different natural conditions and farming practices in China: a system analysis", "description": "<p>Abstract. Loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) from agricultural soils is a key indicator of soil degradation associated with reductions in net primary productivity in crop production systems worldwide. Simple technical and locally appropriate solutions are required for farmers to increase SOC and to improve cropland management. In the last 30 years, straw incorporation has gradually been implemented across China in the context of agricultural intensification and rural livelihood improvement. A meta-analysis of data published before the end of 2016 was undertaken to investigate the effects of straw incorporation on crop production and SOC sequestration. The results of 68 experimental studies throughout China in different edaphic, climate regions and under different farming regimes were analyzed. Compared with straw removal, straw incorporation significantly sequestered SOC (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) at the rate of 0.35 (range 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff930.40)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, increased crop grain yield by 13.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 9.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9318.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and had a conversion efficiency of the applied straw-C as 16\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff892\uffe2\uff80\uff89% across the whole of China. The combined straw incorporation at the rate of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with mineral fertilizer of 200\uffe2\uff80\uff93400\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 was demonstrated to be the best combination for farmers to use with crop yield increased by 32.7\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 17.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9356.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and SOC sequestrated by the rate of 0.85 (range 0.54\uffe2\uff80\uff931.15)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Straw incorporation achieved higher SOC sequestration rate and crop yield increment when applied to clay soils, under high cropping intensities, and in areas like Northeast China where the soil is being degraded. SOC responses were the greatest in the initial starting phase of straw incorporation and then declined and finally were negligible after 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9362 years, however, crop yield responses were initially low and then increased reaching their highest level at 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years after straw incorporation. Overall, our study confirmed that straw incorporation did create a positive feedback loop of SOC enhancement together with increased crop production, and this is of great practical significance to straw management as agricultural intensifies in China and other regions in the world with different climate conditions.                         </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Ecology", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-13", "title": "Climatic variation drives loss and restructuring of carbon and nitrogen in boreal forest wildfire", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. The boreal forest landscape covers approximately 10\u2009% of the earth's land area and accounts for almost 30\u2009% of the global annual terrestrial sink of carbon\u00a0(C). Increased emissions due to climate-change-amplified fire frequency, size, and intensity threaten to remove elements such as C and nitrogen\u00a0(N) from forest soil and vegetation at rates faster than they accumulate. This may result in large areas within the region becoming a net source of greenhouse gases, creating a positive feedback loop with a changing climate. Meter-scale estimates of area-normalized fire emissions are limited in Eurasian boreal forests, and knowledge of their relation to climate and ecosystem properties is sparse. This study sampled 50 separate Swedish wildfires, which occurred during an extreme fire season in 2018, providing quantitative estimates of C and N loss due to fire along a climate gradient. Mean annual precipitation had strong positive effects on total fuel, which was the strongest driver for increasing C and N losses. Mean annual temperature\u00a0(MAT) influenced both pre- and postfire organic layer soil bulk density and C\u2009:\u2009N ratio, which had mixed effects on C and N losses. Significant fire-induced loss of C estimated in the 50 plots was comparable to estimates in similar Eurasian forests but approximately a quarter of those found in typically more intense North American boreal wildfires. N loss was insignificant, though a large amount of fire-affected fuel was converted to a low C\u2009:\u2009N surface layer of char in proportion to increased MAT. These results reveal large quantitative differences in C and N losses between global regions and their linkage to the broad range of climate conditions within Fennoscandia. A need exists to better incorporate these factors into models to improve estimates of global emissions of C and N due to fire in future climate scenarios. Additionally, this study demonstrated a linkage between climate and the extent of charring of soil fuel and discusses its potential for altering C and N dynamics in postfire recovery.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "Climate Science", "Klimatvetenskap", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500\u2009m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial resolution of 500\u2009m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e.\u00a0fire-related forest loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30\u2009m forest loss data and MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500\u2009m model, we calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1\u00b10.2 (\u00b11\u03c3 interannual variability, IAV)\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 during 2002\u20132020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6\u00b10.7\u2009% (uncertainty range =1.9\u2009%\u20133.3\u2009%) of global burned area and 24\u00b16\u2009% (uncertainty range =16\u2009%\u201331\u2009%) of emissions, indicating that fuel consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13\u00b14\u2009% of global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4s. Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements. The higher resolution of the 500\u2009m model also contributed to the difference by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned area detection at resolutions of 30\u2009m and finer show a substantial amount of burned area that remains undetected with 500\u2009m sensors, suggesting that global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500\u2009m estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500\u2009m resolution provides a framework for further improvements with the development of new satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use in the next generation of GFED.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-17", "title": "GLEAM\u00a0v3: satellite-based land evaporation and root-zone soil moisture", "description": "<p>Abstract. The Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) is a set of algorithms dedicated to the estimation of terrestrial evaporation and root-zone soil moisture from satellite data. Ever since its development in 2011, the model has been regularly revised, aiming at the optimal incorporation of new satellite-observed geophysical variables, and improving the representation of physical processes. In this study, the next version of this model (v3) is presented. Key changes relative to the previous version include (1)\uffc2\uffa0a revised formulation of the evaporative stress, (2)\uffc2\uffa0an optimized drainage algorithm, and (3)\uffc2\uffa0a new soil moisture data assimilation system. GLEAM\uffc2\uffa0v3 is used to produce three new data sets of terrestrial evaporation and root-zone soil moisture, including a 36-year data set spanning 1980\uffe2\uff80\uff932015, referred to as v3a (based on satellite-observed soil moisture, vegetation optical depth and snow-water equivalent, reanalysis air temperature and radiation, and a multi-source precipitation product), and two satellite-based data sets. The latter share most of their forcing, except for the vegetation optical depth and soil moisture, which are based on observations from different passive and active C- and L-band microwave sensors (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative, ESA CCI) for the v3b data set (spanning 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932015) and observations from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite in the v3c data set (spanning 2011\uffe2\uff80\uff932015). Here, these three data sets are described in detail, compared against analogous data sets generated using the previous version of GLEAM (v2), and validated against measurements from 91 eddy-covariance towers and 2325 soil moisture sensors across a broad range of ecosystems. Results indicate that the quality of the v3 soil moisture is consistently better than the one from v2: average correlations against in situ surface soil moisture measurements increase from 0.61 to 0.64 in the case of the v3a data set and the representation of soil moisture in the second layer improves as well, with correlations increasing from 0.47 to 0.53. Similar improvements are observed for the v3b and c data sets. Despite regional differences, the quality of the evaporation fluxes remains overall similar to the one obtained using the previous version of GLEAM, with average correlations against eddy-covariance measurements ranging between 0.78 and 0.81 for the different data sets. These global data sets of terrestrial evaporation and root-zone soil moisture are now openly available at www.GLEAM.eu and may be used for large-scale hydrological applications, climate studies, or research on land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere feedbacks.                     </p>", "keywords": ["TERRESTRIAL WATER FLUXES", "QE1-996.5", "PONDEROSA PINE", "CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE", "WACMOS-ET PROJECT", "TRIPLE COLLOCATION ANALYSIS", "DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "DECIDUOUS FOREST", "EDDY-COVARIANCE", "PARAMETER RETRIEVAL MODEL", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "ENERGY-BALANCE", "14. Life underwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/1903/2017/gmd-10-1903-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-12", "title": "Effects of microplastics and earthworm burrows on soil macropore water flow within a laboratory soil column setup", "description": "Abstract                   <p>                     Several earlier studies reported that microplastics (MP) accumulated on soil surfaces could be transported into the subsoil and ingested by soil biota, such as earthworms. The present study explores how networks of earthworm burrows and MP (low\uffe2\uff80\uff90density polyethylene, LDPE) in subsoil affect the soil hydraulic properties and saturated water flow. A repacked and saturated sandy soil column experiment was conducted in an environment\uffe2\uff80\uff90controlled laboratory with earthworms (anecic,                     Lumbricus terrestris                     ) inoculated into the soil columns to form networks of macropore. The macropore network parameters (i.e., number, length, volume, diameter, soil saturated conductivity, and tracer breakthrough curves of soil columns) have been determined. The relative arrival times of the tracer mass (i.e. T5%, T25%, and T50%) were determined in order to describe the shapes of the breakthrough curves. The results show that in some breakthrough curves for the treatments with earthworms, there are two peaks. This is an indication that water was flowing faster in the macropores than in the soil matrix. There is a significant correlation between 5% arrival time and the median burrow volume, and the correlation coefficient was .571 (at the level of                     p                     \uffc2\uffa0&lt;\uffc2\uffa0.05). The formation of macropores due to the burrowing activities of earthworms is considered the main cause of nonequilibrium water flow in the present study. The MP did not show any significant effect on the saturated water flow. This may be attribute to the low concentrations of MP used in the present study.                   </p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-26", "title": "Geophysics conquering new territories: The rise of \u201cagrogeophysics\u201d", "description": "Abstract<p>Agriculture is facing immense challenges. We have to produce enough food while safe\uffe2\uff80\uff90guarding the environment for future generations. This results in the need to use less water and fertilizer, and to harness soil quality. Key to achieving this goal is improving the understanding of processes and interactions governing the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere continuum of agricultural ecosystems. Geophysical tools have great potential to better characterize and quantify these processes noninvasively from the plot to landscape scale. Nevertheless, a number of challenges remain for geophysical results to be better exploited by different scientific communities and by decision\uffe2\uff80\uff90makers. In this special section, we explore ongoing research in the relatively new field of agrogeophysics, and we provide an overview of potential applications and highlight future research needs.</p>", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "GE1-350", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3449433/2/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal%20-%202021%20-%20Garr%c3%a9%20-%20Geophysics%20conquering%20new%20territories%20The%20rise%20of%20agrogeophysics.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20161", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-08", "title": "Compensatory hydraulic uptake of water by tomato due to variable root\u2010zone salinity", "description": "Abstract<p>Plant root systems are exposed to spatial and temporal heterogeneity regarding water availability. In the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, compensation, increased uptake by roots in areas with favorable conditions in response to decreased uptake in areas under stress, is driven by root growth and distribution. In the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (hours\uffe2\uff80\uff93days), compensative processes are less understood. We hypothesized hydraulic compensation where local lowered water availability is accompanied by increased uptake from areas where water remains available. Our objective was to quantify instantaneous hydraulic root uptake under conditions of differential water availability. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were grown in split\uffe2\uff80\uff90root weighing\uffe2\uff80\uff90drainage lysimeters in which each half of the roots could alternatively be exposed to short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term conditions of salinity. Uptake was quantified from each of the two root zone compartments. One\uffe2\uff80\uff90sided exposure to salinity immediately led to less uptake from the salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90affected compartment and increased uptake from the nontreated compartment. Compensation occurred at salinity, caused by NaCl solution of 4 dS m\uffe2\uff88\uff921, that did not decrease uptake in plants with entire root systems exposed. At higher salinity, 6.44 dS m\uffe2\uff88\uff921, transpiration decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc50% when the total root system was exposed. When only half of the roots were exposed, total uptake was maintained at levels of nonstressed plants with as much as 85% occurring from the nontreated compartment. The extent of compensation was not absolute and apparently a function of salinity, atmospheric demand, and duration of exposure. As long as there is no hydraulic restriction in other areas, temporary reduction in water availability in some parts of a tomato's root zone will not affect plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale transpiration.</p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20161"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20161"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20161", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20161", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20161"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20227", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-31", "title": "Analyzing dual porosity in soil hydraulic properties using soil databases for pedotransfer function development", "description": "Abstract                   <p>                     Current databases of soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) have typically been used to develop pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate water retention [\uffce\uffb8(                     h                     )] assuming a unimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distribution. However, natural soils often show the presence of bimodal to multimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distributions. Here, we used three widely spread databases for PTF development: UNsaturated SOil hydraulic DAtabase (UNSODA) 2.0, Vereecken, and European hydropedological data inventory (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90HYDI), to analyze the presence of structural effects in both \uffce\uffb8(                     h                     ) and hydraulic conductivity [                     K                     (                     h                     )]. Only undisturbed samples were included in the analysis that contained enough datapoints for both \uffce\uffb8(                     h                     ) and                     K                     (                     h                     ) properties, especially in the wet range. One\uffe2\uff80\uff90hundred ninety\uffe2\uff80\uff90two samples were suitable for our analysis, which is only 1% of the total samples in the three databases. Results showed that 65% of the samples exhibited a bimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distribution, and bimodality was not limited to fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured but also coarser\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured soils. The Mualem\uffe2\uff80\uff93van Genuchten (MvG) expression for both unimodal and bimodal soils was not able to predict the observed unsaturated                     K                     . Only a joint fitting of measured \uffce\uffb8(                     h                     ) and                     K                     (                     h                     ) functions provided parameter estimates that were able to describe unsaturated                     K                     for uni\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and bimodal soils. In addition, we observed a negative relationship between                     \uffce\uffb1                     and                     n                     in the case of low sand content (&lt;52%) for both unimodal and bimodal matrix domain properties, contradicting the classical notion. The ratio of \uffce\uffb1 for the macropore and matrix domain was positively correlated with the fraction of macropores and sand content. We anticipate that the results will contribute to deriving PTF for structured soils and avoid unrealistic combinations of MvG parameters.                   </p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20227"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20227"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20227", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20227", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20227"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20300", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-20", "title": "Soil carbon determination for long\u2010term monitoring revisited using thermo\u2010gravimetric analysis", "description": "Abstract                   <p>                     Soils and the vadose zone are the major terrestrial repository of carbon (C) in the form of soil organic matter (SOM), more resistant black carbon (BC), and inorganic carbonate. Differentiating between these pools is important for assessing vulnerability to degradation and changes in the C cycle affecting soil health and climate regulation. Major monitoring programs from field to continent are now being undertaken to track changes in soil carbon (SC). Inexpensive, robust measures that can differentiate small changes in the C pools in a single measurement are highly desirable for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term monitoring. In this study, we assess the accuracy and precision of thermo\uffe2\uff80\uff90gravimetric analysis (TGA) using organic matter standards, clay minerals, and soils from a national data set. We investigate the use of TGA to routinely differentiate between C pools, something no single measurement has yet achieved. Based on the kinetic nature of thermal oxidation of SC combined with the different thermodynamic stabilities of the molecules, we designed a new method to quantify the inorganic and organic SC and further separate the organic biogeochemically active SOM (as loss on ignition, LOI) from the resistant BC in soils. We analyze the TGA spectrums of a national soil monitoring data set (                     n                     = 456) and measure total carbon (TC) using thermal oxidation and also demonstrate a TC/LOI relationship of 0.55 for soils ranging from mineral soils to peat for the United Kingdom consistent with previous monitoring campaigns.                   </p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20300"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20300", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20300", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20300"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20315", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-28", "title": "Microbial mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in the spatially heterogeneous vadose zone: A modeling study", "description": "Abstract                   <p>Spatially distributed properties of the subsurface result in varying water saturation and preferential flow paths, which lead to heterogeneous solute transport patterns and heterogeneous microbial environments. This, in turn, influences the distribution of nutrients and energy gradients, microbial biomass, and activity thereof. By their very nature, current field sampling techniques do not resolve subsampling scale heterogeneities in microbial biomass and activity, resulting in inaccurate estimates of microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the heterogeneous subsurface. Thus, in this study, we undertook a numerical modeling approach to study the impact of spatial heterogeneity on microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the vadose zone. We adapted an established biogeochemical process network that captures a variety of respiration pathways, carbon decomposition strategies, and microbial life processes to simulate microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in variably saturated spatially heterogeneous settings, using an established numerical tool (OGS#BRNS). The fractionation of microbial communities into active and inactive states, as well as immobile and mobile states followed could be linked to the bulk average saturation. Lastly, we identified three reactive systems, distinguished by the rate ratio of aerobic respiration and transfer of oxygen from the air to the water phase, to evaluate the impact of spatial heterogeneity on carbon and nitrogen removal in subsurface heterogeneous domains. Specifically, when this ratio is approximately 1, there is no impact on carbon removal, while when this ratio is very high, then carbon removal decreases as the domain tends to be oxygen limited.</p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "GE1-350", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20315"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20315", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20315", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20315"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20378", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-01", "title": "Segmental retention models for representing the hydraulic properties of evolving structured soils", "description": "Abstract<p>Common parametrizations of soil hydraulic properties rely on unimodal curves, which cannot accurately represent the properties of many macroporous, aggregated, mixed, or compacted soils. Multimodal hydraulic curves are increasingly used to represent these structured soils in eco\uffe2\uff80\uff90hydrological models, but the dynamics of the processes that shape soil structure\uffe2\uff80\uff94and the resulting dynamics of soil hydraulic properties\uffe2\uff80\uff94are often neglected. In cases such as compaction recovery, where the structure\uffe2\uff80\uff90shaping process can be modeled, coupling the evolving pore volumes to soil hydraulic properties in a physically based way remains challenging. Here, we show how modeled or estimated soil structure evolution, when expressed as a time series of porosities in a few pore size classes, can be assimilated into established models of soil hydraulic properties. Our method relies on the division of retention models into smooth segments, whose water contents can be independently adjusted. We apply the approach to examples of modeled soil structure evolution from the published literature: one describing soil structure recovery after compaction and one describing structure formation as a result of organic amendment. In the cases considered, the estimated soil hydraulic conductivity varies more strongly than the modeled porosity which drives it. This shows that transport\uffe2\uff80\uff90related soil functions can be impacted longer (after compaction) or sooner (after amendment) than suggested by the evolution of structural metrics such as porosity. In general, modeling the evolution of soil hydraulic properties in cases such as these paves the way for holistic, process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modeling of land management practices and their impact on soil\uffc2\uffa0functioning.</p", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "GE1-350", "Geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20378"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20378", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20378", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20378"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.70011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-23", "title": "Machine\u2010learning based spatiotemporal prediction of soil moisture in a grassland hillslope", "description": "Abstract                   <p>                     Soil moisture (SM) plays a significant role in the earth's water balance and in optimizing land management practices. However, SM at the field scale is difficult to map from available point measurements due to the inherent heterogeneity of soil and terrain properties and temporal dynamics of weather conditions. In this study, we explored the potential of four machine learning (ML) methods (random forest, gradient boosted regression trees, support vector regression, and neural networks) to predict SM in a grassland hillslope in space and time using auxiliary variables on soil and terrain properties and weather conditions. For training and testing the ML models, we used SM point measurements obtained by a sensor network. Performance metrics varied between the ML methods and the training\uffe2\uff80\uff90test data split (                     R                     2                     =                     0.48\uffe2\uff80\uff930.69, root\uffe2\uff80\uff90mean\uffe2\uff80\uff90square error [RMSE]                     =                     0.06\uffe2\uff80\uff930.10). Random forests and gradient\uffe2\uff80\uff90boosted regression trees turned out to be promising and easy to parametrize as first choices to explore the potential of ML techniques. The day of the year emerged as an important feature to predict SM across models and can thus serve as a proxy for seasonal hydroclimatic variability. To enable the transfer of the application to other contexts or sites, we provide the modeling workflow as an open\uffe2\uff80\uff90source computational Python module.                   </p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "GE1-350", "Geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.70011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.70011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.70011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.70011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-30", "title": "Surface water and groundwater interaction at long-term exploited riverbank filtration site based on groundwater flow modelling (Mosina-Krajkowo, Poland)", "description": "Study region: Poland, Warta River catchment. Study focus: The study aimed to explain the reasons for spatial variability in chloride concentrations at the Mosina-Krajkowo riverbank filtration (RBF) site located along the river. This variability is attributed to RBF\u2019s different intensity along the river sections, related, among others, to clogging development. The RBF effectiveness was studied using groundwater flow modelling by: examining the water balance in zones established on hydrogeological setting and chloride concentrations; travel time of the bankfiltrate investigation; RBF parametrisation (i.e. infiltration per unit area and specific infiltration per unit of riverbank). New Hydrological Insights for the Region: The study identifies zones of the most favourable RBF conditions and establishes the variability causes. The overall share bankfiltrate was found at 75.8 %. Its spatial variation ranged widely from 41.1\u201389.3%, confirming the usefulness of the RBF performance sectional analysis in managing this type of site. The highest proportion of surface water (>80 %) occurred along the straight river section, where the riverbed was built by fine and medium sands (preventing penetration of organic suspension into the aquifer). In contrast, the lowest values (<42 %) occurred in the meander zone (with the most favourable RBF conditions at the beginning of site operation), where deep erosion reached coarse-grained sediments in the river bottom, followed by the development of clogging processes and a decrease in the RBF efficiency with time.", "keywords": ["Physical geography", "QE1-996.5", "Riverbed clogging", "Numerical modelling", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "Modflow", "02 engineering and technology", "Riverbank filtration", "6. Clean water", "Modpath", "GB3-5030"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hydrology%3A%20Regional%20Studies", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-03", "title": "Evaluation of pedotransfer functions for predicting soil hydraulic properties: A voyage from regional to field scales across Europe", "description": "Study region: Europe. A total of 660, 522, and 4940 soil samples belonging to GRIZZLY, HYPRES, and EU-HYDI databases, respectively, were used for parametric evaluation. Study focus: The soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions are crucial input information for land surface models. Determining these functions by using direct methods is hampered by excessive time and unaffordable costs required for field activities and laboratory analyses. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are widely-used indirect techniques enabling soil hydraulic properties to be predicted by using easily-retrievable soil information. In a parametric evaluation, the predictive capability of PTFs is examined by comparing measured and estimated soil water retention parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Yet information about the performance of PTFs for specific modeling applications is mandatory to evaluate PTF effectiveness in greater depth. This approach is commonly defined as functional evaluation. New hydrological insights for the region: The best performing four PTFs selected in the parametric evaluations are tested under two functional evaluations. The first encompasses a spatial interpolation with a geostatistical technique, whereas the second employs Hydrus-1D to simulate the water balance components along an experimental transect. Our results reinforce and integrate the insights of previous studies about the use of a PTF, and highlight the ability, or inability, of this technique to adequately reproduce the observed spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties and simulated water fluxes.", "keywords": ["S1 Agriculture (General) / mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1g \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban", "Physical geography", "QE1-996.5", "Water retention function", "Hydrus-1D", "saturated hydraulic conductivity", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Semi-variogram", "S590 Soill / Talajtan", "Saturated hydraulic conductivity", "6. Clean water", "GB3-5030", "Kriging", "semi-variogram", "functional evaluation", "water retention function", "Functional evaluation", "kriging", "water retention function", " saturated hydraulic conductivity", " semi-variogram", " kriging", " functional evaluation", " Hydrus-1D"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hydrology%3A%20Regional%20Studies", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-10-7897-2013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-08", "title": "Net Global Warming Potential And Greenhouse Gas Intensity In A Double-Cropping Cereal Rotation As Affected By Nitrogen And Straw Management", "description": "<p>Abstract. The effects of nitrogen and straw management on global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in a winter wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93summer maize double-cropping system on the North China Plain were investigated. We measured nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and studied net GWP (NGWP) and GHGI by calculating the net exchange of CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq) from greenhouse gas emissions, agricultural inputs and management practices, and changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), based on a long-term field experiment established in 2006. The field experiment includes six treatments with three fertilizer N levels (zero-N control, optimum and conventional N) and straw removal (i.e. N0, Nopt and Ncon) or return (i.e. N0, Nopt and SNcon). Optimum N management (Nopt, SNopt) saved roughly half of the fertilizer N compared to conventional agricultural practice (Ncon, SNcon) with no significant effect on grain yields. Annual mean N2O emissions reached 3.90 kg N2O-N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in Ncon and SNcon, and N2O emissions were reduced by 46.9% by optimizing N management of Nopt and SNopt. Straw return increased annual mean N2O emissions by 27.9%. Annual SOC sequestration was 0.40\uffe2\uff80\uff931.44 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in plots with N application and/or straw return. Compared to the conventional N treatments the optimum N treatments reduced NGWP by 51%, comprising 25% from decreasing N2O emissions and 75% from reducing N fertilizer application rates. Straw return treatments reduced NGWP by 30% compared to no straw return because the GWP from increments of SOC offset the GWP from higher emissions of N2O, N fertilizer and fuel after straw return. The GHGI trends from the different nitrogen and straw management practices were similar to the NGWP. In conclusion, optimum N and straw return significantly reduced NGWP and GHGI and concomitantly achieved relatively high grain yields in this important winter wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93summer maize double-cropping system.                         </p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "0303 health sciences", "Ecology", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7897-2013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-10-7897-2013", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-10-7897-2013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-10-7897-2013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-12", "title": "Unpacking the legal conundrum of nature-based soil remediation and sustainable biofuels production in the European Union", "description": "The fight against soil contamination and the development of sustainable fuels constitute major environmental and climate change objectives under the European Green Deal. At the same time, the uptake of nature-based solutions is increasingly advocated in the European Union as viable techniques to enhance soil ecosystem services while addressing the soil vs. food vs. energy conundrum to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the European Green Deal objectives. This contribution deals with unlocking the potential of phytoremediation both a soil remediation technique and a source of sustainable feedstock for advanced biofuels. Phytoremediation consists of the use of plants and their associated microbes to extract, volatilize, stabilize, or degrade soil pollutants. Furthermore, phytoremediation's by-products may be used to develop advanced, low indirect land use change biofuels thus contributing to the EU's climate change mitigation objectives.The value chain entailed in the deployment of phytoremediation techniques and recovery of phytoremediation's output materials for biofuels production faces an array of legal and policy roadblocks in the European Union. Importantly, such barriers relate both to material legal obstacles, policy fragmentation and lack of a holistic approach towards complex processes. This contribution aims to provide a comprehensive overview of such legal and policy roadblocks with a view to champion the embedding of phytoremediation in the existing EU legal framework also in relation to the development of low-Indirect Land Use Change biofuels.", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Soil contamination", "Biofuels", "Climate change", "Geology", "Phytoremediation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Security", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-17", "title": "A non-linear Granger-causality framework to investigate climate\u2013vegetation dynamics", "description": "<p>Abstract. Satellite Earth observation has led to the creation of global climate data records of many important environmental and climatic variables. These come in the form of multivariate time series with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Data of this kind provide new means to further unravel the influence of climate on vegetation dynamics. However, as advocated in this article, commonly used statistical methods are often too simplistic to represent complex climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93vegetation relationships due to linearity assumptions. Therefore, as an extension of linear Granger-causality analysis, we present a novel non-linear framework consisting of several components, such as data collection from various databases, time series decomposition techniques, feature construction methods, and predictive modelling by means of random forests. Experimental results on global data sets indicate that, with this framework, it is possible to detect non-linear patterns that are much less visible with traditional Granger-causality methods. In addition, we discuss extensive experimental results that highlight the importance of considering non-linear aspects of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93vegetation dynamics.                     </p>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "0207 environmental engineering", "TIME-SERIES", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "SOIL-MOISTURE", "SAMPLE TESTS", "SURFACE-TEMPERATURE", "01 natural sciences", "RANDOM FORESTS", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "NDVI DATA", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "PRECIPITATION", "GLOBAL TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SATELLITE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/1945/2017/gmd-10-1945-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-27", "title": "Providing quality-assessed and standardised soil data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2023)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Snapshots derived from the World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) are served freely to the international community. These static datasets provide quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data that can be used to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad scale levels. Since the release of the preceding snapshot in 2019, new ETL (Extract, Load, Transform) procedures for screening, ingesting and standardising disparate source data have been developed. In conjunction with this, the WoSIS data model was overhauled making it compatible with the ISO 28258 and Observations and Measurements (O&amp;amp;M) domain models. Additional procedures for querying, serving, and downloading the publicly available standardised data have been implemented using open software (e.g. GraphQL API). Following up on a short discussion of these methodological developments we discuss the structure and content of the \u201cWoSIS 2023-snapshot\u201d. A range of new soil datasets was shared with us, registered in the ISRIC World Data Centre for Soils (WDC-Soils) data repository, and subsequently processed in accordance with the licences specified by the data providers. An important effort has been the processing of forest soil data collated in the framework of the EU-HoliSoils project. We paid special attention to the standardisation of soil property definitions, description of the soil analytical procedures, and standardisation of the units of measurement. The \u201c2023 snapshot\u201d considers the following soil chemical properties (total carbon, organic carbon, inorganic carbon (total carbonate equivalent), total nitrogen, phosphorus (extractable-P, total-P, and P-retention), soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, coarse fragments, and water retention), grouped according to analytical procedures that are operationally comparable. Method options are defined for each analytical procedure (e.g. pH measured in water, KCl or CaCl2 solution, molarity of the solution, and soil/solution ratio). For each profile we also provide the original soil classification (i.e. FAO, WRB and USDA system with their version) and pedological horizon designations as far as these have been specified in the source databases. Three measures for \u201cfitness-for-intended-use\u201d are provided to facilitate informed data use: a) positional uncertainty of the profile\u2019s site location, b) possible uncertainty associated with the operationally defined analytical procedures, and c) date of sampling. The most recent (i.e. dynamic) dataset, called wosis_latest, is freely accessible via various webservices. To permit consistent referencing and citation we also provide a static snapshot (in casu, December 2023). This snapshot comprises quality-assessed and standardised data for 228 k geo-referenced profiles. The data come from 174 countries and represent more than 900 k soil layers (or horizons) and over 6 million records. The number of measurements for each soil property vary (greatly) between pro\ufb01les and with depth, this generally depending on the objectives of the initial soil sampling programmes. In the coming years, we aim to gradually fill gaps in the geographic distribution of the profiles, as well as in the soil observations themselves, this subject to the sharing of a wider selection of \u201cpublic\u201d soil data by prospective data contributors. The WoSIS 2023-snapshot is archived and freely available at https://doi.org/10.17027/isric-wdcsoils-20231130 (Calisto et al., 2023).</p></article>", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "Geology", "FAIR data principles", "15. Life on land", "global", "database", "6. Clean water", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2078.1/296805", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-06", "title": "Lena River biogeochemistry captured by a 4.5-year high-frequency sampling program", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. The Siberian Arctic is warming rapidly, causing permafrost to thaw and altering the biogeochemistry of aquatic environments, with cascading effects on the coastal and shelf ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean. The Lena River, one of the largest Arctic rivers, drains a catchment dominated by permafrost. Baseline discharge biogeochemistry data are necessary to understand present and future changes in land-to-ocean fluxes. Here, we present a high-frequency 4.5-year-long dataset from a sampling program of the Lena River's biogeochemistry, spanning April\u00a02018 to August\u00a02022. The dataset comprises 587 sampling events and measurements of various parameters, including water temperature, electrical conductivity, stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, dissolved organic carbon concentration and 14C, colored and fluorescent dissolved organic matter, dissolved inorganic and total nutrients, and dissolved elemental and ion concentrations. Sampling consistency and continuity and data quality were ensured through simple sampling protocols, real-time communication, and collaboration with local and international partners. The data are available as a collection of datasets separated by parameter groups and periods at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 (Juhls et al., 2020b). To our knowledge, this dataset provides an unprecedented temporal resolution of an Arctic river's biogeochemistry. This makes it a unique baseline on which future environmental changes, including changes in river hydrology, at temporal scales from precipitation event to seasonal to interannual can be detected.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "GE1-350", "Geology", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2078.1/296805"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2078.1/296805", "name": "item", "description": "2078.1/296805", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2078.1/296805"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-17-1-2025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-06", "title": "Lena River biogeochemistry captured by a 4.5-year high-frequency sampling program", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. The Siberian Arctic is warming rapidly, causing permafrost to thaw and altering the biogeochemistry of aquatic environments, with cascading effects on the coastal and shelf ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean. The Lena River, one of the largest Arctic rivers, drains a catchment dominated by permafrost. Baseline discharge biogeochemistry data are necessary to understand present and future changes in land-to-ocean fluxes. Here, we present a high-frequency 4.5-year-long dataset from a sampling program of the Lena River's biogeochemistry, spanning April\u00a02018 to August\u00a02022. The dataset comprises 587 sampling events and measurements of various parameters, including water temperature, electrical conductivity, stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, dissolved organic carbon concentration and 14C, colored and fluorescent dissolved organic matter, dissolved inorganic and total nutrients, and dissolved elemental and ion concentrations. Sampling consistency and continuity and data quality were ensured through simple sampling protocols, real-time communication, and collaboration with local and international partners. The data are available as a collection of datasets separated by parameter groups and periods at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 (Juhls et al., 2020b). To our knowledge, this dataset provides an unprecedented temporal resolution of an Arctic river's biogeochemistry. This makes it a unique baseline on which future environmental changes, including changes in river hydrology, at temporal scales from precipitation event to seasonal to interannual can be detected.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "GE1-350", "Geology", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-17-1-2025", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-17-1-2025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2021gc009904", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-26", "title": "Quantifying Non\u2010Thermal Silicate Weathering Using Ge/Si and Si Isotopes in Rivers Draining the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA", "description": "Abstract<p>In active volcanic regions, high\uffe2\uff80\uff90temperature chemical reactions in the hydrothermal system consume CO2 sourced from magma or from the deep crust, whereas reactions with silicates at shallow depths mainly consume atmospheric CO2. Numerous studies have quantified the load of dissolved solids in rivers that drain volcanic regions to determine chemical weathering rates and atmospheric CO2 consumption rates. However, the balance between thermal and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90thermal components to riverine fluxes in these areas remains poorly constrained, hindering accurate estimates of atmospheric CO2 consumption rates. Here we use the Ge/Si ratio and the stable silicon isotopes (\uffce\uffb430Si) as tracers for quantifying non\uffe2\uff80\uff90thermal silicon contributions in rivers draining the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA. The Ge/Si ratio (\uffc2\uffb5mol.mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) was determined for seven thermal water samples (183\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa022), eight rivers (35\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa023) and six creeks flowing into Yellowstone Lake (5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa03) during base flow and during peak water discharge following snowmelt. The \uffce\uffb430Si value (\uffe2\uff80\uffb0) was determined for thermal waters (\uffe2\uff88\uff920.09\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.04), Yellowstone River at Yellowstone Lake outlet (1.91\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.23) and creek samples (0.82\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.29). The calculated atmospheric CO2 consumption associated with non\uffe2\uff80\uff90thermal waters flowing through Yellowstone's rivers during peak discharge is \uffe2\uff88\uffbc3.03 ton.km\uffe2\uff88\uff922.yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, which is \uffe2\uff88\uffbc2% of the annual mean atmospheric CO2 consumption in other volcanic regions. This study highlights the significance of quantifying seasonal variations in chemical weathering rates for improving estimates of atmospheric CO2 consumption rates in active volcanic regions.</p", "keywords": ["H2020 European Research Council", "hydrothermal", "QE1-996.5", "QC801-809", "Geophysics. Cosmic physics", "Geology", "seasonal", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Geophysics", "Geochemistry", "Geosystems", "silicon isotopes", "Geochemistry and Petrology", "13. Climate action", "Yellowstone", "weathering", "Ge/Si", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2021GC009904"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009904"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geochemistry%2C%20Geophysics%2C%20Geosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2021gc009904", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2021gc009904", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2021gc009904"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/659602", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-22", "title": "Seasonal particulate organic carbon dynamics of the Kolyma River tributaries, Siberia", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Arctic warming is causing permafrost thaw and release of organic carbon (OC) to fluvial systems. Permafrost-derived OC can be transported downstream and degraded into greenhouse gases that may enhance climate warming. Susceptibility of OC to decomposition depends largely upon its source and composition, which vary throughout the seasonally distinct hydrograph. Most studies on carbon dynamics to date have focused on larger Arctic rivers, yet little is known about carbon cycling in lower-order rivers and streams. Here, we characterize the composition and sources of OC, focusing on less studied particulate OC (POC), in smaller waterways within the Kolyma River watershed. Additionally, we examine how watershed characteristics control carbon concentrations. In lower-order systems, we find rapid initiation of primary production in response to warm water temperatures during spring freshet, shown by decreasing \u03b413C-POC, in contrast to larger rivers. This results in CO2 uptake by primary producers and microbial degradation of mainly autochthonous OC. However, if terrestrially derived inorganic carbon is assimilated by primary producers, part of it is returned via CO2 emissions if the autochthonous OC pool is simultaneously degraded. As Arctic warming and hydrologic changes may increase OC transfer from smaller waterways to larger river networks, understanding carbon dynamics in smaller waterways is crucial.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "QE1-996.5", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "QH540-549.5", "permafrost"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/659602"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/659602", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/659602", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/659602"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-18", "title": "Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry reveals widespread soil phosphorus limitation to microbial metabolism across Chinese forests", "description": "Abstract<p>Forest soils contain a large amount of organic carbon and contribute to terrestrial carbon sequestration. However, we still have a poor understanding of what nutrients limit soil microbial metabolism that drives soil carbon release across the range of boreal to tropical forests. Here we used ecoenzymatic stoichiometry methods to investigate the patterns of microbial nutrient limitations within soil profiles (organic, eluvial and parent material horizons) across 181 forest sites throughout China. Results show that, in 80% of these forests, soil microbes were limited by phosphorus availability. Microbial phosphorus limitation increased with soil depth and from boreal to tropical forests as ecosystems become wetter, warmer, more productive, and is affected by anthropogenic nitrogen deposition. We also observed an unexpected shift in the latitudinal pattern of microbial phosphorus limitation with the lowest phosphorus limitation in the warm temperate zone (41-42\uffc2\uffb0N). Our study highlights the importance of soil phosphorus limitation to restoring forests and predicting their carbon sinks.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "Nitrogen cycle", "Environmental science", "Nutrient cycle", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Taiga", "Soil water", "Environmental Chemistry", "GE1-350", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "Soil organic matter", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Geology", "Phosphorus", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Environmental sciences", "Temperate climate", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Ecosystem Functioning", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-07", "title": "Ecosystem productivity has a stronger influence than soil age on surface soil carbon storage across global biomes", "description": "Abstract<p>Interactions between soil organic matter and minerals largely govern the carbon sequestration capacity of soils. Yet, variations in the proportions of free light (unprotected) and mineral-associated (protected) carbon as soil develops in contrasting ecosystems are poorly constrained. Here, we studied 16 long-term chronosequences from six continents and found that the ecosystem type is more important than soil age (centuries to millennia) in explaining the proportion of unprotected and mineral-associated carbon fractions in surface soils across global biomes. Soil carbon pools in highly productive tropical and temperate forests were dominated by the unprotected carbon fraction and were highly vulnerable to reductions in ecosystem productivity and warming. Conversely, soil carbon in low productivity, drier and colder ecosystems was dominated by mineral-protected carbon, and was less responsive to warming. Our findings emphasize the importance of conserving ecosystem productivity to protect carbon stored in surface soils.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Carbon Storage", "Nature Conservation", "Geology", "15. Life on land", ":Environmental engineering [Engineering]", "Environmental sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "GE1-350"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-022-00567-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-023-00740-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-03-18", "title": "Evidence for late winter biogeochemical connectivity in permafrost soils", "description": "Abstract<p>The permafrost active layer is a key supplier of soil organic carbon and mineral nutrients to Arctic rivers. In the active layer, sites of soil-water exchange are locations for organic carbon and nutrient mobilization. Previously these sites were considered as connected during summer months and isolated during winter months. Whether soil pore waters in active layer soils are connected during shoulder seasons is poorly understood. In this study, exceptionally heavy silicon isotope compositions in soil pore waters show that during late winter, there is no connection between isolated pockets of soil pore water in soils with a shallow active layer. However, lighter silicon isotope compositions in soil pore waters reveal that soils are biogeochemically connected for longer than previously considered in soils with a deeper active layer. We show that an additional 21% of the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff931\uffe2\uff80\uff89m soil organic carbon stock is exposed to soil - water exchange. This marks a hot moment during a dormant season, and an engine for organic carbon transport from active layer soils. Our findings mark the starting point to locate earlier pathways for biogeochemical connectivity, which need to be urgently monitored to quantify the seasonal flux of organic carbon released from permafrost soils.</p", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "snowmelt", "colloids", "13. Climate action", "arctic", "silicon", "Geology", "GE1-350", "early season", "15. Life on land", "permafrost"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00740-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-023-00740-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-023-00740-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-023-00740-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-03-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-023-00830-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-08", "title": "Soil organic carbon models need independent time-series validation for reliable prediction", "description": "Abstract<p>Numerical models are crucial to understand and/or predict past and future soil organic carbon dynamics. For those models aiming at prediction, validation is a critical step to gain confidence in projections. With a comprehensive review of ~250 models, we assess how models are validated depending on their objectives and features, discuss how validation of predictive models can be improved. We find a critical lack of independent validation using observed time series. Conducting such validations should be a priority to improve the model reliability. Approximately 60% of the models we analysed are not designed for predictions, but rather for conceptual understanding of soil processes. These models provide important insights by identifying key processes and alternative formalisms that can be relevant for predictive models. We argue that combining independent validation based on observed time series and improved information flow between predictive and conceptual models will increase reliability in predictions.</p", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "QE1-996.5", "1900 General Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "2300 General Environmental Science", "Environmental sciences", "10122 Institute of Geography", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "910 Geography & travel", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-023-00830-5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00830-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-023-00830-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-023-00830-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-023-00830-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-024-01333-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-16", "title": "Restricted plant diversity limits carbon recapture after wildfire in warming boreal forests", "description": "Abstract<p>Incomplete wildfire combustion in boreal forests leaves behind legacy plant-soil feedbacks known to restrict plant biodiversity. These restrictions can inhibit carbon recapture after fire by limiting ecosystem transition to vegetation growth patterns that are capable of offsetting warmth-enhanced soil decomposition under climate change. Here, we field-surveyed plant regrowth conditions 2 years after 49 separate, naturally-occurring wildfires spanning the near-entire climatic range of boreal Fennoscandia in order to determine the local to regional scale drivers of early vegetation recovery. Minimal conifer reestablishment was found across a broad range of fire severities, though residual organic soil and plant structure was associated with restricted growth of a variety of more warmth-adapted vegetation, such as broadleaf trees. This dual regeneration limitation coincided with greater concentrations of bacterial decomposers in the soil under increased mean annual temperature, potentially enhancing soil carbon release. These results suggest that large portions of the boreal region are currently at risk of extending postfire periods of net emissions of carbon to the atmosphere under limitations in plant biodiversity generated by wildfire and a changing climate.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "QE1-996.5", "0303 health sciences", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Climate Science", "Environmental sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "Environmental Sciences", "Klimatvetenskap"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01333-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-024-01333-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-024-01333-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-024-01333-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-024-01441-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-04", "title": "Improved constraints on hematite refractive index for estimating climatic effects of dust aerosols", "description": "Abstract<p>Uncertainty in desert dust composition poses a big challenge to understanding Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s climate across different epochs. Of particular concern is hematite, an iron-oxide mineral dominating the solar absorption by dust particles, for which current estimates of absorption capacity vary by over two orders of magnitude. Here, we show that laboratory measurements of dust composition, absorption, and scattering provide valuable constraints on the absorption potential of hematite, substantially narrowing its range of plausible values. The success of this constraint is supported by results from an atmospheric transport model compared with station-based measurements. Additionally, we identify substantial bias in simulating hematite abundance in dust aerosols with current soil mineralogy descriptions, underscoring the necessity for improved data sources. Encouragingly, the next-generation imaging spectroscopy remote sensing data hold promise for capturing the spatial variability of hematite. These insights have implications for enhancing dust modeling, thus contributing to efforts in climate change mitigation and adaptation.</p", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Mineral dusts", "QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "550", "500", "Geology", "Climatic changes", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental sciences", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geologia::Mineralogia", "GE1-350", "Pols minerals", "Canvis clim\u00e0tics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01441-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01441-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-024-01441-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-024-01441-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-024-01441-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-024-01884-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-25", "title": "Frazil ice changes winter biogeochemical processes in the Lena River", "description": "The ice-covered period of large Arctic rivers is shortening. To what extent will this affect biogeochemical processing of nutrients? Here we reveal, with silicon isotopes (\u03b430Si), a key winter pathway for nutrients under river ice. During colder winter phases in the Lena River catchment, conditions are met for frazil ice accumulation, which creates microzones. These are conducive to a lengthened reaction time for biogeochemical processes under ice. The heavier \u03b430Si values (3.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5 \u2030) in river water reflect that 39\u2009\u00b1\u200911% of the Lena River discharge went through these microzones. Freezing-driven amorphous silica precipitation concomitant to increased ammonium concentration and changes in dissolved organic carbon aromaticity in Lena River water support microbially mediated processing of nutrients in the microzones. Upon warming, suppressing loci for winter intra-river nitrogen processing is likely to modify the balance between N2O production and consumption, a greenhouse gas with a large global warming potential.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "Geology", "GE1-350", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sophie Opfergelt, Fran\u00e7ois Gaspard, Catherine Hirst, Laurence Monin, Bennet Juhls, Anne Morgenstern, Michael Angelopoulos, Pier Paul Overduin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01884-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Communications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s43247-024-01884-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s43247-024-01884-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s43247-024-01884-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-19", "title": "Topography-based statistical modelling reveals high spatial variability and seasonal emission patches in forest floor methane flux", "description": "<p>Abstract. Boreal forest soils are globally an important sink for methane (CH4), while these soils are also capable of emitting CH4 under favourable conditions. Soil wetness is a well-known driver of CH4 flux, and the wetness can be estimated with several terrain indices developed for the purpose. The aim of this study was to quantify the spatial variability of the forest floor CH4 flux with a topography-based upscaling method connecting the flux with its driving factors. We conducted spatially extensive forest floor CH4 flux and soil moisture measurements, complemented by ground vegetation classification, in a boreal pine forest. We then modelled the soil moisture with a random forest model using digital-elevation-model-derived topographic indices, based on which we upscaled the forest floor CH4 flux. The modelling was performed for two seasons: May\uffe2\uff80\uff93July and August\uffe2\uff80\uff93October. Additionally, we evaluated the number of flux measurement points needed to get an accurate estimate of the flux at the whole study site merely by averaging. Our results demonstrate high spatial heterogeneity in the forest floor CH4 flux resulting from the soil moisture variability as well as from the related ground vegetation. The mean measured CH4 flux at the sample points was \uffe2\uff88\uff925.07\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in May\uffe2\uff80\uff93July and \uffe2\uff88\uff928.67\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in August\uffe2\uff80\uff93October, while the modelled flux for the whole area was \uffe2\uff88\uff927.42 and \uffe2\uff88\uff929.91\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the two seasons, respectively. The spatial variability in the soil moisture and consequently in the CH4 flux was higher in the early summer (modelled range from \uffe2\uff88\uff9212.3 to 6.19\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) compared to the autumn period (range from \uffe2\uff88\uff9214.6 to \uffe2\uff88\uff922.12\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and overall the CH4 uptake rate was higher in autumn compared to early summer. In the early summer there were patches emitting high amounts of CH4; however, these wet patches got drier and smaller in size towards the autumn, changing their dynamics to CH4 uptake. The mean values of the measured and modelled CH4 fluxes for the sample point locations were similar, indicating that the model was able to reproduce the results. For the whole site, upscaling predicted stronger CH4 uptake compared to simply averaging over the sample points. The results highlight the small-scale spatial variability of the boreal forest floor CH4 flux and the importance of soil chamber placement in order to obtain spatially representative CH4 flux results. To predict the CH4 fluxes over large areas more reliably, the locations of the sample points should be selected based on the spatial variability of the driving parameters, in addition to linking the measured fluxes with the parameters.                     </p>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "BOREAL FEN", "Ecology", "methane", "EDDY COVARIANCE", "NITROUS-OXIDE", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "ATMOSPHERE", "01 natural sciences", "forest soils", "Environmental sciences", "SOIL", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "TEMPERATE FOREST", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "CH4 EMISSIONS", "EXCHANGE", "CHAMBER", "Geosciences", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/2003/2021/bg-18-2003-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-7-2875-2014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-05", "description": "<p>Abstract. Ecosystems are important and dynamic components of the global carbon cycle, and terrestrial biospheric models (TBMs) are crucial tools in further understanding of how terrestrial carbon is stored and exchanged with the atmosphere across a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Improving TBM skills, and quantifying and reducing their estimation uncertainties, pose significant challenges. The Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP) is a formal multi-scale and multi-model intercomparison effort set up to tackle these challenges. The MsTMIP protocol prescribes standardized environmental driver data that are shared among model teams to facilitate model\uffe2\uff80\uff93model and model\uffe2\uff80\uff93observation comparisons. This paper describes the global and North American environmental driver data sets prepared for the MsTMIP activity to both support their use in MsTMIP and make these data, along with the processes used in selecting/processing these data, accessible to a broader audience. Based on project needs and lessons learned from past model intercomparison activities, we compiled climate, atmospheric CO2 concentrations, nitrogen deposition, land use and land cover change (LULCC), C3 / C4 grasses fractions, major crops, phenology and soil data into a standard format for global (0.5\uffc2\uffb0 \uffc3\uff97 0.5\uffc2\uffb0 resolution) and regional (North American: 0.25\uffc2\uffb0 \uffc3\uff97 0.25\uffc2\uffb0 resolution) simulations. In order to meet the needs of MsTMIP, improvements were made to several of the original environmental data sets, by improving the quality, and/or changing their spatial and temporal coverage, and resolution. The resulting standardized model driver data sets are being used by over 20 different models participating in MsTMIP. The data are archived at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC, http://daac.ornl.gov) to provide long-term data management and distribution.                     </p>", "keywords": ["[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "QE1-996.5", "550", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QK Botany", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "QC Physics", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/701/7/Wei_Y_etal_2014_North_American_Carbon_Program%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2875-2014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-7-2875-2014", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-7-2875-2014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-7-2875-2014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-13", "title": "State of Wildfires 2023\u20132024", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Climate\u00a0change contributes to the increased frequency and intensity of wildfires globally, with significant impacts on society and the environment. However, our understanding of the global distribution of extreme fires remains skewed, primarily influenced by media coverage and regionalised research efforts. This inaugural State of Wildfires report systematically analyses fire activity worldwide, identifying extreme events from the March 2023\u2013February 2024 fire season. We assess the causes, predictability, and attribution of these events to climate change and land use and forecast future risks under different climate scenarios. During the 2023\u20132024 fire season, 3.9\u00d7106\u2009km2 burned globally, slightly below the average of previous seasons, but fire carbon (C) emissions were 16\u2009% above average, totalling 2.4\u2009Pg\u2009C. Global fire C emissions were increased by record emissions in Canadian boreal forests (over 9 times the average) and reduced by low emissions from African savannahs. Notable events included record-breaking fire extent and emissions in Canada, the largest recorded wildfire in the European Union (Greece), drought-driven fires in western Amazonia and northern parts of South America, and deadly fires in Hawaii (100 deaths) and Chile (131 deaths). Over 232\u2009000 people were evacuated in Canada alone, highlighting the severity of human impact. Our analyses revealed that multiple drivers were needed to cause areas of extreme fire activity. In Canada and Greece, a combination of high fire weather and an abundance of dry fuels increased the probability of fires, whereas burned area anomalies were weaker in regions with lower fuel loads and higher direct suppression, particularly in Canada. Fire weather prediction in Canada showed a mild anomalous signal 1 to 2 months in advance, whereas events in Greece and Amazonia had shorter predictability horizons. Attribution analyses indicated that modelled anomalies in burned area were up to 40\u2009%, 18\u2009%, and 50\u2009% higher due to climate change in Canada, Greece, and western Amazonia during the 2023\u20132024 fire season, respectively. Meanwhile, the probability of extreme fire seasons of these magnitudes has increased significantly due to anthropogenic climate change, with a 2.9\u20133.6-fold increase in likelihood of high fire weather in Canada and a 20.0\u201328.5-fold increase in Amazonia. By the end of the century, events of similar magnitude to 2023 in Canada are projected to occur 6.3\u201310.8 times more frequently under a medium\u2013high emission scenario (SSP370). This report represents our first annual effort to catalogue extreme wildfire events, explain their occurrence, and predict future risks. By consolidating state-of-the-art wildfire science and delivering key insights relevant to policymakers, disaster management services, firefighting agencies, and land managers, we aim to enhance society's resilience to wildfires and promote advances in preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation. New datasets presented in this work are available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400539 (Jones et al., 2024) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11420742 (Kelley et al., 2024a).                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "wildfire", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Environmental sciences", "climate change", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "GE1-350"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96389/1/essd_16_3601_2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/3601/2024/essd-16-3601-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-12", "title": "Detection of water vapor time variations associated with heavy rain in northern Italy by geodetic and low-cost GNSS receivers", "description": "Abstract GNSS atmospheric water vapor monitoring is not yet routinely performed in Italy, particularly at the regional scale. However, in order to support the activities of regional environmental protection agencies, there is a widespread need to improve forecasting of heavy rainfall events. Localized convective rain forecasts are often misplaced in space and/or time, causing inefficiencies in risk mitigation activities. Water vapor information can be used to improve these forecasts. In collaboration with the environmental protection agencies of the Lombardy and Piedmont regions in northern Italy, we have collected and processed GNSS and weather station datasets for two heavy rain events: one which was spatially widespread, and another which was limited to few square kilometers. The time variations in water vapor derived from a regional GNSS network with inter-station distances on the order of 50\u00a0km were analyzed, and the relationship between the time variations and the evolution of the rain events was evaluated. Results showed a signature associated with the passage of the widespread rain front over each GNSS station within the area of interest. There was a peak in the precipitable water vapor value when the heavier precipitation area surrounded the station, followed by a steep decrease (5\u201310\u00a0mm in about 1\u00a0h) as the rainclouds moved past the station. The smaller-scale event, a convective storm a few kilometers in extent, was not detected by the regional GNSS network, but strong fluctuations in water vapor were detected by a low-cost station located near the area of interest.", "keywords": ["QB275-343", "QE1-996.5", "Intense rainfall", "GNSS meteorology; Intense rainfall; PWV variations; Geology; Space and Planetary Science", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "G", "GNSS meteorology", "13. Climate action", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "PWV variations", "Geodesy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1069376/1/s40623-018-0795-7.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%2C%20Planets%20and%20Space", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2596584446", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:26:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-05", "title": "Discovery and characterization of submarine groundwater discharge in the Siberian Arctic seas: a\u00a0case study in the Buor-Khaya Gulf, Laptev Sea", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. It has been suggested that increasing terrestrial water discharge to the Arctic Ocean may partly occur as submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), yet there are no direct observations of this phenomenon in the Arctic shelf seas. This study tests the hypothesis that SGD does exist in the Siberian Arctic Shelf seas, but its dynamics may be largely controlled by complicated geocryological conditions such as permafrost. The field-observational approach in the southeastern Laptev Sea used a\u00a0combination of hydrological (temperature, salinity), geological (bottom sediment drilling, geoelectric surveys), and geochemical (224Ra, 223Ra, 228Ra, and 226Ra) techniques. Active SGD was documented in the vicinity of the Lena River delta with two different operational modes. In the first system, groundwater discharges through tectonogenic permafrost talik zones was registered in both winter and summer. The second SGD mechanism was cryogenic squeezing out of brine and water-soluble salts detected on the periphery of ice hummocks in the winter. The proposed mechanisms of groundwater transport and discharge in the Arctic land-shelf system is elaborated. Through salinity vs. 224Ra and 224Ra\u2009/\u2009223Ra diagrams, the three main SGD-influenced water masses were identified and their end-member composition was constrained. Based on simple mass-balance box models, discharge rates at sites in the submarine permafrost talik zone were 1.\u20097\u2009\u00d7\u2009106\u202fm3\u2006d\u22121 or 19.9\u202fm3\u2006s\u22121, which is much higher than the April discharge of the Yana River. Further studies should apply these techniques on a\u00a0broader scale with the objective of elucidating the relative importance of the SGD transport vector relative to surface freshwater discharge for both water balance and aquatic components such as dissolved organic carbon, carbon dioxide, methane, and nutrients.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "\u0410\u0440\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430", "Geology", "01 natural sciences", "\u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u041b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b", "\u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "14. Life underwater", "\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/11/2305/2017/tc-11-2305-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2596584446"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Cryosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2596584446", "name": "item", "description": "2596584446", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2596584446"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-23", "title": "Hydraulic conductivity changes in river valley sediments caused by river bank filtration \u2013 an analysis of specific well capacity", "description": "Abstract                <p> Parameters from archive data of the Kalisz-Lis waterworks, located in the Prosna River valley south of Kalisz, have been analysed. Well barrier discharges groundwater from Quaternary sediments which is mixed with riverbank filtration water. The analysis focused on specific well capacity, a parameter that represents the technical and natural aspects of well life. To exclude any aging factor, an examination of specific well capacity acquired only in the first pumping tests of a new well was performed. The results show that wells drilled between 1961 and 2004 have similar values of specific well capacity and prove that &gt; 40 years discharge has had little influence on hydrodynamic conditions of the aquifer, i.e., clogging has either not occurred or is of low intensity. This implies that, in the total water balance of the Kalisz- Lis well barrier, riverbank filtration water made little contribution. In comparison, a similar analysis of archive data on the Mosina-Krajkowo wells of two generations of well barriers located in the Warta flood plains was performed; this has revealed a different trend. There was a significant drop in specific well capacity from the first pumping test of substitute wells. Thus, long-term groundwater discharge in the Warta valley has had a great impact on the reduction of the hydraulic conductivity of sediments and has worsened hydrodynamic conditions due to clogging of river bed and aquifer, which implies a large contribution of riverbank filtration water in the total water well balance. For both well fields conclusions were corroborated by mathematical modeling; in Kalisz-Lis 16.2% of water comes from riverbank filtration, whereas the percentage for Mosina-Krajkowo is 78.9%.</p>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "4. Education", "0207 environmental engineering", "hydrology", "clogging", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "well fields", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "water well balance", "13. Climate action", "river valleys", "poland", "Poland", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kaczmarek, Piotr M.J.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geologos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1515/logos-2017-0013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-23", "title": "Hydrogeological investigations of river bed clogging at a river bank filtration site along the River Warta, Poland", "description": "Abstract                <p> River bank filtration (RBF) is a system that enriches groundwater resources by induced infiltration of river water to an aquifer. Problematic during operation of RBF systems is the deterioration of infiltration effectiveness caused by river bed clogging. This situation was observed in the Krajkowo well field which supplies fresh water to the city of Pozna\uffc5\uff84 (Poland) during and after the long hydrological drought between the years 1989 and 1992. The present note discusses results of specific hydrogeological research which included drilling of a net of boreholes to a depth of 10 m below river bottom (for sediment sampling as well as for hydrogeological measurements), analyses of grain size distribution and relative density studies. The results obtained have allowed the recognition of the origin of the clogging processes, as well as the documentation of the clogged parts of the river bottom designated for unclogging activities.</p>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "cone of depression", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "dynamic water level changes", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "groundwater resources", "02 engineering and technology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geologos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1515/logos-2017-0021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "<p>Abstract. Extreme sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) to climate and land use change warrants further research in different terrestrial ecosystems. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between aggregate and SOC dynamics in a chronosequence of three different land uses of a south Chilean Andisol: a second growth Nothofagus obliqua forest (SGFOR), a grassland (GRASS) and a Pinus radiata plantation (PINUS). Total carbon content of the 0-10cm soil layer was higher for GRASS (6.7 kg C m-2) than for PINUS (4.3 kg C m-2, while TC content of SGFOR (5.8 kg C m-2) was not significantly different from either one. High extractable oxalate and pyrophosphate Al concentrations (varying from 20.3-24.4 g kg-1, and 3.9-11.1 g kg-1, respectively) were found in all sites. In this study, SOC and aggregate dynamics were studied using size and density fractionation experiments of the SOC, \uffce\uffb413C and total carbon analysis of the different SOC fractions, and C mineralization experiments. The results showed that electrostatic sorption between and among amorphous Al components and clay minerals is mainly responsible for the formation of metal-humus-clay complexes and the stabilization of soil aggregates. The process of ligand exchange between SOC and Al would be of minor importance resulting in the absence of aggregate hierarchy in this soil type. Whole soil C mineralization rate constants were highest for SGFOR and PINUS, followed by GRASS (respectively 0.495, 0.266 and 0.196 g CO2-Cm-2d-1 for the top soil layer). In contrast, incubation experiments of isolated macro organic matter fractions gave opposite results, showing that the recalcitrance of the SOC decreased in another order: PINUS&gt;SGFOR&gt;GRASS. We deduced that electrostatic sorption processes and physical protection of SOC in soil aggregates were the main processes determining SOC stabilization. As a result, high aggregate carbon concentrations, varying from 148 till 48 g kg-1, were encountered for all land use sites. Al availability and electrostatic charges are dependent on pH, resulting in an important influence of soil pH on aggregate stability. Recalcitrance of the SOC did not appear to largely affect SOC stabilization. Statistical correlations between extractable amorphous Al contents, aggregate stability and C mineralization rate constants were encountered, supporting this hypothesis. Land use changes affected SOC dynamics and aggregate stability by modifying soil pH (and thus electrostatic charges and available Al content), root SOC input and management practices (such as ploughing and accompanying drying of the soil).                     </p>", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "NEW-ZEALAND", "DENSITY FRACTIONS", "[SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]", "HUMIC-ACID", "Life", "QH501-531", "QH540-549.5", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "CULTIVATED SOILS", "Ecology", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Geology", "LAND-USE CHANGE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ALUMINUM", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "MACROORGANIC MATTER", "C SEQUESTRATION", "[PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "FOREST SOILS", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huygens, D., Boeckx, P., van Cleemput, O., Oyarz\u00fan, C., Godoy, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-159-2005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-2-159-2005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-31", "title": "Leaf-scale quantification of the effect of photosynthetic gas exchange on \u0394&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;O of atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;", "description": "<p>Abstract. Understanding the processes that affect the triple oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 during gas exchange can help constrain the interaction and fluxes between the atmosphere and the biosphere. We conducted leaf cuvette experiments under controlled conditions using three plant species. The experiments were conducted at two different light intensities and using CO2 with different \uffce\uff9417O. We directly quantify the effect of photosynthesis on \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 for the first time. Our results demonstrate the established theory for \uffce\uffb418O is applicable to \uffce\uff9417O(CO2) at leaf level, and we confirm that the following two key factors determine the effect of photosynthetic gas exchange on the \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2. The relative difference between \uffce\uff9417O of the CO2 entering the leaf and the CO2 in equilibrium with leaf water and the back-diffusion flux of CO2 from the leaf to the atmosphere, which can be quantified by the cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio, where ca is the CO2 mole fraction in the surrounding air and cm is the one at the site of oxygen isotope exchange between CO2 and H2O. At low cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios the discrimination is governed mainly by diffusion into the leaf, and at high cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios it is governed by back-diffusion of CO2 that has equilibrated with the leaf water. Plants with a higher cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio modify the \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 more strongly than plants with a lower cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio. Based on the leaf cuvette experiments, the global value for discrimination against \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 during photosynthetic gas exchange is estimated to be -0.57\uffc2\uffb10.14\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 using cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca values of 0.3 and 0.7 for C4 and C3 plants, respectively. The main uncertainties in this global estimate arise from variation in cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios among plants and growth conditions.                     </p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "QE1-996.5", "CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE ACTIVITY", "Ecology", "OXYGEN-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION", "MESOPHYLL CONDUCTANCE", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "O-18/O-16 RATIOS", "MASS-INDEPENDENT FRACTIONATION", "03 medical and health sciences", "HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS", "Life", "13. Climate action", "3-DIMENSIONAL SYNTHESIS", "QH501-531", "STABLE-ISOTOPES", "Life Science", "14. Life underwater", "TRIPLE OXYGEN", "DIOXIDE", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Fluxes And Nitrogen Cycling Along A Pasture Chronosequence In Central Amazonia, Brazil", "description": "<p>Abstract. We studied nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and soil nitrogen (N) cycling following forest conversion to pasture in the central Amazon near Santar\uffc3\uffa9m, Par\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil. Two undisturbed forest sites and 27 pasture sites of 0.5 to 60 years were sampled once each during wet and dry seasons. In addition to soil-atmosphere fluxes of N2O we measured 27 soil chemical, soil microbiological and soil physical variables.  Soil N2O fluxes were higher in the wet season than in the dry season. Fluxes of N2O from forest soils always exceeded fluxes from pasture soils and showed no consistent trend with pasture age. At our forest sites, nitrate was the dominant form of inorganic N both during wet and dry season. At our pasture sites nitrate generally dominated the inorganic N pools during the wet season and ammonium dominated during the dry season. Net mineralization and nitrification rates displayed large variations. During the dry season net immobilization of N was observed in some pastures. Compared to forest sites, young pasture sites (\uffe2\uff89\uffa42 years) had low microbial biomass N and protease activities. Protease activity and microbial biomass N peaked in pastures of intermediate age (4 to 8 years) followed by consistently lower values in older pasture (10 to 60 years). The C/N ratio of litter was low at the forest sites (~25) and rapidly increased with pasture age reaching values of 60\uffe2\uff80\uff9370 at pastures of 15 years and older.  Nitrous oxide emissions at our sites were controlled by C and N availability and soil aeration. Fluxes of N2O were negatively correlated to leaf litter C/N ratio, NH4+-N and the ratio of NO3--N to the sum of NO3--N + NH4+-N (indicators of N availability), and methane fluxes and bulk density (indicators of soil aeration status) during the wet season. During the dry season fluxes of N2O were positively correlated to microbial biomass N, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase activity, total inorganic N stocks and NH4+-N. In our study region, pastures of all age emitted less N2O than old-growth forests, because of a progressive decline in N availability with pasture age combined with strongly anaerobic conditions in some pastures during the wet season.                         </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "577", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Life", "[PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-175-2005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-2-175-2005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-14", "title": "Burned area and carbon emissions across northwestern boreal North America from 2001\u20132019", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Fire is the dominant disturbance agent in Alaskan and Canadian boreal ecosystems and releases large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Burned area and carbon emissions have been increasing with climate change, which have the potential to alter the carbon balance and shift the region from a historic sink to a source. It is therefore critically important to track the spatiotemporal changes in burned area and fire carbon emissions over time. Here we developed a new burned-area detection algorithm between 2001\u20132019 across Alaska and Canada at 500\u2009m (meters) resolution that utilizes finer-scale 30\u2009m Landsat imagery to account for land cover unsuitable for burning. This method strictly balances omission and commission errors at 500\u2009m to derive accurate landscape- and regional-scale burned-area estimates. Using this new burned-area product, we developed statistical models to predict burn depth and carbon combustion for the same period within the NASA Arctic\u2013Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) core and extended domain. Statistical models were constrained using a database of field observations across the domain and were related to a variety of response variables including remotely sensed indicators of fire severity, fire weather indices, local climate, soils, and topographic indicators. The burn depth and aboveground combustion models performed best, with poorer performance for belowground combustion. We estimate 2.37\u00d7106\u2009ha (2.37\u2009Mha) burned annually between 2001\u20132019 over the ABoVE domain (2.87\u2009Mha across all of Alaska and Canada), emitting 79.3\u2009\u00b1\u200927.96\u2009Tg (\u00b11 standard deviation) of carbon (C) per year, with a mean combustion rate of 3.13\u2009\u00b1\u20091.17\u2009kg\u2009C\u2009m\u22122. Mean combustion and burn depth displayed a general gradient of higher severity in the northwestern portion of the domain to lower severity in the south and east. We also found larger-fire years and later-season burning were generally associated with greater mean combustion. Our estimates are generally consistent with previous efforts to quantify burned area, fire carbon emissions, and their drivers in regions within boreal North America; however, we generally estimate higher burned area and carbon emissions due to our use of Landsat imagery, greater availability of field observations, and improvements in modeling. The burned area and combustion datasets described here (the ABoVE Fire Emissions Database, or ABoVE-FED) can be used for local- to continental-scale applications of boreal fire science.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Carbon Emissions", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "limate change", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Boreal ecosystems", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-01", "title": "How well does ramped thermal oxidation quantify the age distribution of soil carbon? Assessing thermal stability of physically and chemically fractionated soil organic matter", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Carbon (C) in soils persists on a range of timescales depending on physical, chemical, and biological processes that interact with soil organic matter (SOM) and affect its rate of decomposition. Together these processes determine the age distribution of soil C. Most attempts to measure this age distribution have relied on operationally defined fractions using properties like density, aggregate stability, solubility, or chemical reactivity. Recently, thermal fractionation, which relies on the activation energy needed to combust SOM, has shown promise for separating young from old C by applying increasing heat to decompose SOM. Here, we investigated radiocarbon (14C) and 13C of C released during thermal fractionation to link activation energy to the age distribution of C in bulk soil and components previously separated by density and chemical properties. While physically and chemically isolated fractions had very distinct mean 14C values, they contributed C across the full temperature range during thermal analysis. Thus, each thermal fraction collected during combustion of bulk soil integrates contributions from younger and older C derived from components having different physical and chemical properties but the same activation energy. Bulk soil and all density and chemical fractions released progressively older and more 13C-enriched C with increasing activation energy, indicating that each operationally defined fraction itself was not homogeneous but contained a mix of C with different ages and degrees of microbial processing. Overall, we found that defining the full age distribution of C in bulk soil is best quantified by first separating particulate C prior to thermal fractionation of mineral-associated SOM. For the Podzol analyzed here, thermal fractions confirmed that \u223c\u200995\u2009% of the mineral-associated organic matter (MOM) had a relatively narrow 14C distribution, while 5\u2009% was very low in 14C and likely reflected C from the &lt;\u20092\u2009mm parent shale material in the soil matrix. After first removing particulate C using density or size separation, thermal fractionation can provide a rapid technique to study the age structure of MOM and how it is influenced by different OM\u2013mineral interactions.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "Ecology", "Soil Science", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/31636/1/stoner-s-w-et-al-20230830.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-17", "title": "Contrasts in dissolved, particulate, and sedimentary organic carbon from the Kolyma River to the East Siberian Shelf", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Arctic rivers will be increasingly affected by the hydrological and biogeochemical consequences of thawing permafrost. During transport, permafrost-derived organic carbon (OC) can either accumulate in floodplain and shelf sediments or be degraded into greenhouse gases prior to final burial. Thus, the net impact of permafrost OC on climate will ultimately depend on the interplay of complex processes that occur along the source-to-sink system. Here, we focus on the Kolyma River, the largest watershed completely underlain by continuous permafrost, and marine sediments of the East Siberian Sea, as a transect to investigate the fate of permafrost OC along the land\u2013ocean continuum. Three pools of riverine OC were investigated for the Kolyma main stem and five of its tributaries: dissolved OC (DOC), suspended particulate OC (POC), and riverbed sediment OC (SOC). They were compared with earlier findings in marine sediments. Carbon isotopes (\u03b413C, \u039414C), lignin phenol, and lipid biomarker proxies show a contrasting composition and degradation state of these different carbon pools. Dual C isotope source apportionment calculations imply that old permafrost-OC is mostly associated with sediments (SOC; contribution of 68\u00b110\u2009%), and less dominant in POC (38\u00b18\u2009%), whereas autochthonous primary production contributes around 44\u00b110\u2009% to POC in the main stem and up to 79\u00b111\u2009% in tributaries. Biomarker degradation indices suggest that Kolyma DOC might be relatively degraded, regardless of its generally young age shown by previous studies. In contrast, SOC shows the lowest \u039414C value (oldest OC), yet relatively fresh compositional signatures. Furthermore, decreasing mineral surface area-normalised OC- and biomarker loadings suggest that SOC might be reactive along the land\u2013ocean continuum and almost all parameters were subjected to rapid change when moving from freshwater to the marine environment. This suggests that sedimentary dynamics play a crucial role when targeting permafrost-derived OC in aquatic systems and support earlier studies highlighting the fact that the land\u2013ocean transition zone is an efficient reactor and a dynamic environment. The prevailing inconsistencies between freshwater and marine research (i.e.\u00a0targeting predominantly DOC and SOC respectively) need to be better aligned in order to determine to what degree thawed permafrost OC may be destined for long-term burial, thereby attenuating further global warming.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Permafrost", " Climate Feedback", " Climate Change", " Arctic", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "14. Life underwater", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/20/271/2023/bg-20-271-2023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-271-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-271-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17169/refubium-29038", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-17", "title": "Protists and collembolans alter microbial community composition, C\u00a0dynamics and soil aggregation in simplified consumer\u2013prey systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Microbes play an essential role in soil functioning including biogeochemical cycling and soil aggregate formation. Yet, a major challenge is to link microbes to higher trophic levels and assess consequences for soil functioning. Here, we aimed to assess how microbial consumers modify microbial community composition (PLFA markers), as well as C dynamics (microbial\u00a0C use, SOC concentration and CO2 emission) and soil aggregation. We rebuilt two simplified soil consumer\u2013prey systems: a bacterial-based system comprising amoebae (Acanthamoeba castellanii) feeding on a microbial community dominated by the free-living bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens and a fungal-based system comprising collembolans (Heteromurus nitidus) grazing on a microbial community dominated by the saprotrophic fungus Chaetomium globosum. The amoeba A. castellanii did not affect microbial biomass and composition, but it enhanced the formation of soil aggregates and tended to reduce their stability. Presumably, the dominance of P. fluorescens, able to produce antibiotic toxins in response to the attack by A. castellanii, was the main cause of the unchanged microbial community composition, and the release of bacterial extracellular compounds, such as long-chained polymeric substances or proteases, in reaction to predation was responsible for the changes in soil aggregation as a side effect. In the fungal system, collembolans significantly modified microbial community composition via consumptive and non-consumptive effects including the transport of microbes on the body surface. As expected, fungal biomass promoted soil aggregation and was reduced in the presence of H. nitidus. Remarkably, we also found an unexpected contribution of changes in bacterial community composition to soil aggregation. In both the bacterial and fungal systems, bacterial and fungal communities mainly consumed C from soil organic matter (rather than the litter added). Increased fungal biomass was associated with an increased capture of C from added litter, and the presence of collembolans levelled off this effect. Neither amoebae nor collembolans altered SOC concentrations and CO2 production. Overall, the results demonstrated that trophic interactions are important for achieving a mechanistic understanding of biological contributions to soil aggregation and may occur without major changes in C dynamics and with or without changes in the composition of the microbial community.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "QE1-996.5", "Acanthamoeba castellanii", "life", "agroecosystems", "Ecology", "fatty-acid analysis", "Geology", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "stability", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "bacterial community", "diversity", "stabilization", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-29038"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17169/refubium-29038", "name": "item", "description": "10.17169/refubium-29038", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17169/refubium-29038"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-17", "title": "Protists and collembolans alter microbial community composition, C\u00a0dynamics and soil aggregation in simplified consumer\u2013prey systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Microbes play an essential role in soil functioning including biogeochemical cycling and soil aggregate formation. Yet, a major challenge is to link microbes to higher trophic levels and assess consequences for soil functioning. Here, we aimed to assess how microbial consumers modify microbial community composition (PLFA markers), as well as C dynamics (microbial\u00a0C use, SOC concentration and CO2 emission) and soil aggregation. We rebuilt two simplified soil consumer\u2013prey systems: a bacterial-based system comprising amoebae (Acanthamoeba castellanii) feeding on a microbial community dominated by the free-living bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens and a fungal-based system comprising collembolans (Heteromurus nitidus) grazing on a microbial community dominated by the saprotrophic fungus Chaetomium globosum. The amoeba A. castellanii did not affect microbial biomass and composition, but it enhanced the formation of soil aggregates and tended to reduce their stability. Presumably, the dominance of P. fluorescens, able to produce antibiotic toxins in response to the attack by A. castellanii, was the main cause of the unchanged microbial community composition, and the release of bacterial extracellular compounds, such as long-chained polymeric substances or proteases, in reaction to predation was responsible for the changes in soil aggregation as a side effect. In the fungal system, collembolans significantly modified microbial community composition via consumptive and non-consumptive effects including the transport of microbes on the body surface. As expected, fungal biomass promoted soil aggregation and was reduced in the presence of H. nitidus. Remarkably, we also found an unexpected contribution of changes in bacterial community composition to soil aggregation. In both the bacterial and fungal systems, bacterial and fungal communities mainly consumed C from soil organic matter (rather than the litter added). Increased fungal biomass was associated with an increased capture of C from added litter, and the presence of collembolans levelled off this effect. Neither amoebae nor collembolans altered SOC concentrations and CO2 production. Overall, the results demonstrated that trophic interactions are important for achieving a mechanistic understanding of biological contributions to soil aggregation and may occur without major changes in C dynamics and with or without changes in the composition of the microbial community.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "QE1-996.5", "Acanthamoeba castellanii", "life", "agroecosystems", "Ecology", "fatty-acid analysis", "Geology", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "stability", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "bacterial community", "diversity", "stabilization", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-17-5263-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-05", "title": "Uncertainties, sensitivities and robustness of simulated water erosion in an EPIC-based global gridded crop model", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Water erosion on arable land can reduce soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Despite the impact of water erosion on crops, it is typically neglected in global crop yield projections. Furthermore, previous efforts to quantify global water erosion have paid little attention to the effects of field management on the magnitude of water erosion. In this study, we analyse the robustness of simulated water erosion estimates in maize and wheat fields between the years 1980 and 2010 based on daily model outputs from a global gridded version of the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) crop model. By using the MUSS water erosion equation and country-specific and environmental indicators determining different intensities in tillage, residue handling and cover crops, we obtained the global median water erosion rates of 7\u2009t\u2009ha\u22121\u2009a\u22121 in maize fields and 5\u2009t\u2009ha\u22121\u2009a\u22121 in wheat fields. A comparison of our simulation results with field data demonstrates an overlap of simulated and measured water erosion values for the majority of global cropland. Slope inclination and daily precipitation are key factors in determining the agreement between simulated and measured erosion values and are the most critical input parameters controlling all water erosion equations included in EPIC. The many differences between field management methods worldwide, the varying water erosion estimates from different equations and the complex distribution of cropland in mountainous regions add uncertainty to the simulation results. To reduce the uncertainties in global water erosion estimates, it is necessary to gather more data on global farming techniques to reduce the uncertainty in global land-use maps and to collect more data on soil erosion rates representing the diversity of environmental conditions where crops are grown.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "550", "Ecology", "0207 environmental engineering", "500", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/16834/1/bg-17-5263-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/16834/1/bg-17-5263-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/5263/2020/bg-17-5263-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5263-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-17-5263-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-17-5263-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-17-5263-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-05", "title": "Reviews and Syntheses: Impacts of plant silica \u2013 herbivore interactions on terrestrial biogeochemical  cycling", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Researchers have known for decades that silicon plays a major role in biogeochemical and plant-soil processes in terrestrial systems. Meanwhile, plant biologists continue to uncover a growing list of benefits derived from silicon to combat abiotic and biotic stresses, such as defense against herbivory. Yet despite growing recognition of herbivores as important ecosystem engineers, many major gaps remain in our understanding of how silicon and herbivory interact to shape biogeochemical processes, particularly in natural systems. We review and synthesize 119 available studies directly investigating silicon and herbivory to summarize key trends and highlight research gaps and opportunities. Categorizing studies by multiple ecosystem, plant, and herbivore characteristics, we find substantial evidence for a wide variety of important interactions between plant silicon and herbivory, but highlight the need for more research particularly in non-graminoid dominated vegetation outside of the temperate biome as well as on the potential effects of herbivory on silicon cycling. Continuing to overlook silicon-herbivory dynamics in natural ecosystems limits our understanding of potentially critical animal-plant-soil feedbacks necessary to inform land management decisions and to refine global models of environmental change.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Ekologi", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "0303 health sciences", "Ecology", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Climate Science", "03 medical and health sciences", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "QH540-549.5", "Klimatvetenskap", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-24", "title": "The Large-eddy Observatory Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) with high-resolution, spatially-distributed observations of air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction from fiber-optic distributed sensing, towers, and ground-based remote sensing", "description": "<p>Abstract. The weak-wind stable boundary layer (wwSBL) is poorly described by theory and breaks basic assumptions necessary for observations of turbulence. Understanding the wwSBL requires distributed observations capable of separating between sub-mesoscales and turbulent scales. To this end, we present the Large eddy Observatory, Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) which featured 2105\uffe2\uff80\uff89m of fiber-optic distributed sensing (FODS) of air temperature and wind speed, as well as an experimental wind direction method, at scales as fine as 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89s and 0.127\uffe2\uff80\uff89m in addition to a suite of point observations of turbulence and ground-based remote sensing profiling. Additionally, flights with a fiber-optic cable attached to a tethered balloon (termed FlyFOX, Flying Fiber Optics eXperiment) provide an unprecedentedly detailed view of the boundary layer structure with a resolution of 0.254\uffe2\uff80\uff89m and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff89s between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height. Two examples are provided, demonstrating the unique capabilities of the LOVE19 data for examining boundary layer processes: (1) FODS observations between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height during a period of gravity waves propagating across the entire boundary layer and (2) tracking a near-surface, transient, sub-mesoscale structure that causes an intermittent burst of turbulence. All data can be accessed at Zenodo through the DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4312976 (Lapo et\uffc2\uffa0al.,\uffc2\uffa02020a).                     </p>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "weak wind transport", "Atmospheric turbulence", "500", "Geology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental sciences", "complex terrain", "morning transition", "submeso-scale motions", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "stable boundary layers", "fiber optic distributed sensing", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/885/2022/essd-14-885-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-13-1545-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-26", "title": "P-model v1.0: an optimality-based light use efficiency model for simulating ecosystem gross primary production", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Terrestrial photosynthesis is the basis for vegetation growth and drives the land carbon cycle. Accurately simulating gross primary production (GPP, ecosystem-level apparent photosynthesis) is key for satellite monitoring and Earth system model predictions under climate change. While robust models exist for describing leaf-level photosynthesis, predictions diverge due to uncertain photosynthetic traits and parameters which vary on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Here, we describe and evaluate a GPP (photosynthesis per unit ground area) model, the P-model, that combines the Farquhar\u2013von Caemmerer\u2013Berry model for C3 photosynthesis with an optimality principle for the carbon assimilation\u2013transpiration trade-off, and predicts a multi-day average light use efficiency (LUE) for any climate and C3 vegetation type. The model builds on the theory developed in Prentice et\u00a0al. (2014) and Wang et\u00a0al. (2017a) and is extended to include low temperature effects on the intrinsic quantum yield and an empirical soil moisture stress factor. The model is forced with site-level data of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) and meteorological data and is evaluated against GPP estimates from a globally distributed network of ecosystem flux measurements. Although the P-model requires relatively few inputs, the R2 for predicted versus observed GPP based on the full model setup is 0.75 (8\u2009d mean, 126 sites) \u2013 similar to comparable satellite-data-driven GPP models but without predefined vegetation-type-specific parameters. The R2 is reduced to 0.70 when not accounting for the reduction in quantum yield at low temperatures and effects of low soil moisture on LUE. The R2 for the P-model-predicted LUE is 0.32 (means by site) and 0.48 (means by vegetation type). Applying this model for global-scale simulations yields a total global GPP of 106\u2013122\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 (mean of 2001\u20132011), depending on the fAPAR forcing data. The P-model provides a simple but powerful method for predicting \u2013 rather than prescribing \u2013 light use efficiency and simulating terrestrial photosynthesis across a wide range of conditions. The model is available as an R package (rpmodel).                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["570", "QE1-996.5", "550", "04 Earth Sciences", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Climate Action", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "11. Sustainability", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/85488/9/gmd-13-1545-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1545/2020/gmd-13-1545-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/gmd-2019-200/gmd-2019-200.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt8kq6f96w/qt8kq6f96w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1545-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-13-1545-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-13-1545-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-13-1545-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-2020-401", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-23", "title": "CASCADE \u2013 The Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Biogeochemical cycling in the extensive shelf seas and in the interior basins of the semi-enclosed Arctic Ocean are strongly influenced by land-ocean transport of carbon and other elements. The Arctic carbon cycle system is also inherently connected with the climate, and thus vulnerable to environmental and climate changes. Sediments of the Arctic Ocean are an active and integral part in Arctic biogeochemical cycling, and provide the opportunity to study present and historical input and fate of organic matter (e.g., through permafrost thawing). To compare differences between the Arctic regions and to study Arctic biogeochemical budgets, comprehensive sedimentary records are required. To this end, the Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE (CASCADE) was established to curate data primarily on concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and OC isotopes (\u03b413C, \u039414C), yet also on total N (TN) as well as of terrigenous biomarkers and other sediment geochemical and physical properties drawn both from the published literature and from earlier unpublished records through an extensive international community collaboration. This paper describes the establishment, structure and current status of CASCADE. This first public version includes OC concentrations in surface sediments at 4244 oceanographic stations including 2317 with TN concentrations, 1555 with \u03b413C-OC values, 268 with \u039414C-OC values and 653 records with quantified terrigenous biomarkers (high molecular weight n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and lignin phenols) distributed over the shelves and the central basins of the Arctic Ocean. CASCADE also includes data from 326 sediment cores, retrieved by shallow box- or multi-coring and deep gravity/piston coring, as well as sea-bottom drilling. The comprehensive dataset reveals several large-scale features, including clear differences in both OC content and isotope-based diagnostics of OC sources between the shelf sea recipients. This indicates, for instance, the release of strongly pre-aged terrigenous OC to the East Siberian Arctic shelf and younger terrigenous OC to the Kara Sea and thus provides clues about land-ocean transport of material released by thawing permafrost. CASCADE enables synoptic analysis of OC in Arctic Ocean sediments and facilitates a wide array of future empirical and modelling studies of the Arctic carbon cycle. CASCADE is openly and freely available online (https://doi.org/10.17043/cascade; Martens et al., 2020b), is provided in various machine-readable data formats (data tables, GIS shapefile, GIS raster), and also provides ways for contributing data for future CASCADE versions. CASCADE will be continuously updated with newly published and contributed data over the foreseeable future as part of the database management of the Bolin Centre for Climate Research at Stockholm University.                         </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Climate Research", "Klimaendringer / Climate change", "VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452", "Milj\u00f8vitenskap / Environmental sciences", "Geology", "01 natural sciences", "Climate Science", "Klimatforskning", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Biogeochemistry / Biogeochemistry", "GE1-350", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "14. Life underwater", "VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452", "Klimatvetenskap", "permafrost", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/2561/2021/essd-13-2561-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-401"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-2020-401", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-2020-401", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-2020-401"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-2024-14", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:22:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-27", "title": "Providing quality-assessed and standardised soil data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2023)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Snapshots derived from the World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) are served freely to the international community. These static datasets provide quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data that can be used to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad scale levels. Since the release of the preceding snapshot in 2019, new ETL (Extract, Load, Transform) procedures for screening, ingesting and standardising disparate source data have been developed. In conjunction with this, the WoSIS data model was overhauled making it compatible with the ISO 28258 and Observations and Measurements (O&amp;amp;M) domain models. Additional procedures for querying, serving, and downloading the publicly available standardised data have been implemented using open software (e.g. GraphQL API). Following up on a short discussion of these methodological developments we discuss the structure and content of the \u201cWoSIS 2023-snapshot\u201d. A range of new soil datasets was shared with us, registered in the ISRIC World Data Centre for Soils (WDC-Soils) data repository, and subsequently processed in accordance with the licences specified by the data providers. An important effort has been the processing of forest soil data collated in the framework of the EU-HoliSoils project. We paid special attention to the standardisation of soil property definitions, description of the soil analytical procedures, and standardisation of the units of measurement. The \u201c2023 snapshot\u201d considers the following soil chemical properties (total carbon, organic carbon, inorganic carbon (total carbonate equivalent), total nitrogen, phosphorus (extractable-P, total-P, and P-retention), soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, coarse fragments, and water retention), grouped according to analytical procedures that are operationally comparable. Method options are defined for each analytical procedure (e.g. pH measured in water, KCl or CaCl2 solution, molarity of the solution, and soil/solution ratio). For each profile we also provide the original soil classification (i.e. FAO, WRB and USDA system with their version) and pedological horizon designations as far as these have been specified in the source databases. Three measures for \u201cfitness-for-intended-use\u201d are provided to facilitate informed data use: a) positional uncertainty of the profile\u2019s site location, b) possible uncertainty associated with the operationally defined analytical procedures, and c) date of sampling. The most recent (i.e. dynamic) dataset, called wosis_latest, is freely accessible via various webservices. To permit consistent referencing and citation we also provide a static snapshot (in casu, December 2023). This snapshot comprises quality-assessed and standardised data for 228 k geo-referenced profiles. The data come from 174 countries and represent more than 900 k soil layers (or horizons) and over 6 million records. The number of measurements for each soil property vary (greatly) between pro\ufb01les and with depth, this generally depending on the objectives of the initial soil sampling programmes. In the coming years, we aim to gradually fill gaps in the geographic distribution of the profiles, as well as in the soil observations themselves, this subject to the sharing of a wider selection of \u201cpublic\u201d soil data by prospective data contributors. The WoSIS 2023-snapshot is archived and freely available at https://doi.org/10.17027/isric-wdcsoils-20231130 (Calisto et al., 2023).                         </p></article>", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "Geology", "FAIR data principles", "15. Life on land", "global", "database", "6. Clean water", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-14"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-2024-14", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-2024-14", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-2024-14"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=QE1-996.5&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=QE1-996.5&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=QE1-996.5&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=QE1-996.5&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 312, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-24T16:29:52.413167Z"}