{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118628", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-17", "title": "Investigation of hydrodynamic cavitation induced reactive oxygen species production in microchannels via chemiluminescent luminol oxidation reactions", "description": "Hydrodynamic cavitation was evaluated for its reactive oxygen species production in several convergent-divergent microchannel at the transition from micro to milli scale. Channel widths and heights were systematically varied to study the influence of geometrical parameters at the transitory scale. A photomultiplier tube was used for time-resolved photon detection and monitoring of the chemiluminescent luminol oxidation reactions, allowing for a contactless and in situ quantization of reactive oxygen species production in the channels. The radical production rates at various flow parameters were evaluated, showing an optimal yield per flow rate exists in the observed geometrical range. While cavitation cloud shedding was the prevailing regime in this type of channels, the photon arrival time analysis allowed for an investigation of the cavitation structure dynamics and their contribution to the chemical yield, revealing that radical production is not linked to the synchronous cavitation cloud collapse events. Instead, individual bubble collapses occurring throughout the cloud formation were recognized to be the source of the reactive oxygen species.", "keywords": ["convergent-divergent channels", "kemoluminiscenca", "free radicals", "Free radicals", "Photon counting", "microscale cavitation", "kavitacija", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532.528", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "Microscale cavitation", "cavitation cloud shedding", "kavitacija", " prosti radikali", " kemoluminiscenca", "photon counting", "Convergent-divergent channels", "[SPI.FLUID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Luminol chemiluminescence", "Cavitation cloud shedding", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "Luminescent Measurements", "Hydrodynamics", "luminol chemiluminescence", "cavitation cloud shedding", " free radicals", " photon counting", " microscale cavitation", " luminol chemiluminescence", " convergent-divergent channels", "Luminol", "Reactive Oxygen Species", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "prosti radikali", "Oxidation-Reduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118628"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118628", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118628", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118628"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118217", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-22", "title": "A review of serious games for urban water management decisions: current gaps and future research directions", "description": "Urban water management (UWM) is a complex problem characterized by multiple alternatives, conflicting objectives, and multiple uncertainties about key drivers like climate change, population growth, and increasing urbanization. Serious games are becoming a popular means to support decision-makers who are responsible for the planning and management of urban water systems. This is evident in the increasing number of articles about serious games in recent years. However, the effectiveness of these games in improving decision-making and the quality of their design and evaluation approaches remains unclear. To understand this better, in this paper, we identified 41 serious games covering the urban water cycle. Of these games, 15 were shortlisted for a detailed review. By using common rational decision-making and game design phases from literature, we evaluated and mapped how the shortlisted games contribute to these phases. Our research shows that current serious game applications have multiple limitations: lack of focus on executing the initial phases of decision-making, limited use of storytelling and adaptive game elements, use of low-quality evaluation design and explicit indicators to measure game outcomes, and lastly, lack of attention to cognitive processes of players playing the game. Addressing these limitations is critical for advancing purposeful game design supporting UWM.", "keywords": ["Serious games", "Design", "Long-term planning", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Water", "700", "02 engineering and technology", "Decision analysis", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Video Games", "Water Supply", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Evaluation", "Urban water systems", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118217"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118217", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.118217", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118217"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.119211", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-07", "title": "Microcosm test for pesticide fate assessment in planted water filters: 13C,15N-labeled glyphosate as an example", "description": "Planted filters are often used to remove pesticides from runoff water. However, the detailed fate of pesticides in the planted filters still remains elusive. This hampers an accurate assessment of environmental risks of the pesticides related to their fate and thereby development of proper mitigation strategies. In addition, a test system for the chemical fate analysis including plants and in particular for planted filters is not well established yet. Therefore, we developed a microcosm test to simulate the fate of pesticide in planted filters, and applied 2-13C,15N-glyphosate as a model pesticide. The fate of 2-13C,15N-glyphosate in the planted microcosms over 31 day-incubation period was balanced and compared with that in the unplanted microcosms. The mass balance of 2-13C,15N-glyphosate turnover included 13C mineralization, degradation products, and the 13C and 15N incorporation into the rhizosphere microbial biomass and plants. We observed high removal of glyphosate (> 88%) from the water mainly due to adsorption on gravel in both microcosms. More glyphosate was degraded in the planted microcosms with 4.1% of 13C being mineralized, 1.5% of 13C and 3.8% of 15N being incorporated into microbial biomass. In the unplanted microcosms, 1.1% of 13C from 2-13C,15N-glyphosate was mineralized, and only 0.2% of 13C and 0.1% of 15N were assimilated into microbial biomass. The total recovery of 13C and 15N was 81% and 85% in planted microcosms, and 91% and 93% in unplanted counterparts, respectively. The microcosm test was thus proven to be feasible for mass balance assessments of the fate of non-volatile chemicals in planted filters. The results of such studies could help better manage and design planted filters for pesticide removal.", "keywords": ["Glyphosate", "Glycine", "Water", "Pesticides", "Plants", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119211"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.119211", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2022.119211", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119211"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-10-23", "title": "Gains from trans-boundary water quality management in linked catchment and coastal socio-ecological systems: A case study for the Minho region", "description": "Abstract   In trans-boundary catchments, national welfare maximizing rates of water quality improvement differ across nations as benefits and/or costs from water quality improvement accrue to multiple nations. Hence we need to differentiate between intra- and trans-boundary catchments because benefactors and beneficiaries from water quality improvement are not one and the same. In this paper we develop a deterministic optimal control approach to explore national and trans-national welfare maximizing rates of water pollution abatement in linked catchment and freshwater/coastal socio-ecological systems. For a case study of the Minho region (Iberian Peninsula), we estimate nation-specific water pollution abatement cost functions (based on management practice adoption) to determine and compare national and trans-national welfare maximizing rates of water pollution abatement and corresponding welfare implications. Results show that national welfare maximization leads to increased rates of water pollution (+5%), while trans-national welfare maximization leads to significant reductions in rates of water pollution (\u221214%) and largest welfare gains (+1.4%). Partial non-cooperation in trans-national water quality management leads to increased rates of water pollution (up to +12%) and welfare losses (up to \u22120.9%), though providing national welfare gains for defecting nations (up to +3.8%).", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "8. Economic growth", "1. No poverty", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Resources%20and%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-09", "title": "Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Several studies have investigated soil microbial biodiversity, but understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant responses to soil microbiota remains in its infancy. Here, we focused on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), testing the hypothesis that plants grown on native soils display different responses to soil microbiotas.</p>  <p>Using transcriptomics, proteomics, and biochemistry, we describe the responses of two tomato genotypes (susceptible or resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) grown on an artificial growth substrate and two native soils (conducive and suppressive to Fusarium).</p>  <p>Native soils affected tomato responses by modulating pathways involved in responses to oxidative stress, phenol biosynthesis, lignin deposition, and innate immunity, particularly in the suppressive soil. In tomato plants grown on steam\uffe2\uff80\uff90disinfected soils, total phenols and lignin decreased significantly. The inoculation of a mycorrhizal fungus partly rescued this response locally and systemically. Plants inoculated with the fungal pathogen showed reduced disease symptoms in the resistant genotype in both soils, but the susceptible genotype was partially protected from the pathogen only when grown on the suppressive soil.</p>  <p>The \uffe2\uff80\uff98state of alert\uffe2\uff80\uff99 detected in tomatoes reveals novel mechanisms operating in plants in native soils and the soil microbiota appears to be one of the drivers of these plant responses.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Proteome", "Propanols", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "tomato", "Lignin", "Models", " Biological", "Plant Roots", "defence responses", "Tomato", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Stress", " Physiological", "microbiota", "Plant Immunity", "Soil Microbiology", "suppressive and conducive soils", "susceptible and resistant genotypes", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Defence responses", "Microbiota", "15. Life on land", "Lignin biosynthesis", "Gene Ontology", "Susceptible and resistant genotypes", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Defence responses; Lignin biosynthesis; Microbiota; Suppressive and conducive soils; Susceptible and resistant genotypes; Tomato; Physiology; Plant Science", "Suppressive and conducive soils", "Transcriptome", "lignin biosynthesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1660820/1/Chialva%20et%20al%20Iris.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-03", "title": "How do varying nitrogen fertilization rates affect crop yields and riverine N2O emissions? A hybrid modeling study", "description": "Headwater streams in agricultural areas constitute significant sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) due to nutrient enrichment; however, their emissions are often overlooked in current environmental impact assessments. This scarcity highlights the importance of developing advanced decision tools to evaluate these contributions and create effective mitigation strategies. Our study establishes the first integrated modeling framework that combines a process-based model SWAT+ with a linear mixed model (LMM) to predict N2O emissions from a headwater agricultural river system in Belgium under diverse climate change and fertilization scenarios. In particular, the calibrated and validated SWAT+ model was used to simulate streamflow, nutrient transport, and crop yields under these scenarios, from which, together with biochemical data collected from sampling campaigns, riverine N2O emissions were predicted via LMM. Our results revealed hydrologically driven patterns in riverine N2O emissions, with peak emissions in winter and spring, driven by precipitations enhancing shallow subsurface flows, carrying leached nutrients from fields to the river, and fueling N2O emissions. These phenomena were intensified under climate change scenarios, especially during combined wetter and hotter winters and springs, which elevated headwater N2O emissions by 40 %. Moreover, when coupling these conditions with a 20 % increase in fertilizer rates, riverine N2O emissions would be boosted by 83 %. These findings underscore the importance of integrating land-surface and river processes, to effectively quantify the feedback loop between river nutrient enrichment and climate change under the influence of agricultural practices, and to support comprehensive mitigation strategies under the warming climate.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "Hybrid modeling", "Riverine nitrous oxide dynamics", "PROTOCOL", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "IMPACT", "Agricultural GHG impact", "Climate change", "STREAMS", "PERFORMANCE", "Headwater streams", "OXIDE EMISSIONS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-08", "title": "What Is Autonomous Adaption? Resource Scarcity And Smallholder Agency In Thailand", "description": "The concept of autonomous adaptation is widely used to describe spontaneous acts of reducing risks posed by resource scarcity and, increasingly, climate change. Critics, however, have claimed it is unproven, or simplifies the agency by which smallholders respond to risk. This paper presents empirical research in eight Karen villages in Thailand to identify how resource scarcity is linked to adaptive responses including livelihood diversification. The paper argues that autonomous adaptation is driven by how environmental change and scarcity present livelihood risks, rather than physical risks alone. Adaptation planning therefore should acknowledge different experiences of risk, and socio-economic barriers to adaptation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Asia", "households", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "1. No poverty", "resource scarcity", "adaptation", "02 engineering and technology", "livelihoods", "15. Life on land", "jel:N0", "Thailand", "01 natural sciences", "adaptation; livelihoods; resource scarcity; households; Asia; Thailand", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "jel:Q15", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/World%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100639", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-30", "title": "ONCOLINER: A new solution for monitoring, improving, and harmonizing somatic variant calling across genomic oncology centers", "description": "The characterization of somatic genomic variation associated with the biology of tumors is fundamental for cancer research and personalized medicine, as it guides the reliability and impact of cancer studies and genomic-based decisions in clinical oncology. However, the quality and scope of tumor genome analysis across cancer research centers and hospitals are currently highly heterogeneous, limiting the consistency of tumor diagnoses across hospitals and the possibilities of data sharing and data integration across studies. With the aim of providing users with actionable and personalized recommendations for the overall enhancement and harmonization of somatic variant identification across research and clinical environments, we have developed ONCOLINER. Using specifically designed mosaic and tumorized genomes for the analysis of recall and precision across somatic SNVs, insertions or deletions (indels), and structural variants (SVs), we demonstrate that ONCOLINER is capable of improving and harmonizing genome analysis across three state-of-the-art variant discovery pipelines in genomic oncology.", "keywords": ["330", "Bioinformatics", "Genome", " Human", "610", "Genomics", "Medical Oncology", "Somatic variant calling", "Polymorphism", " Single Nucleotide", "Article", "Benchmarking", "Oncology", "INDEL Mutation", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Inform\u00e0tica::Aplicacions de la inform\u00e0tica::Bioinform\u00e0tica", "Neoplasms", "Cancer genomics", "Humans", "Benchmarking data", "Precision Medicine", "Software"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100639"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Cell%20Genomics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100639", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100639", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100639"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-27", "title": "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensors", "description": "<p>The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for many years. While single-point optical fiber pressure sensors have reached a solid level of technology maturity, showing to be very good candidates in replacing conventional electrical sensors due to their numerous advantages, distributed sensors are still a matter of an intense research activity aimed at determining the most proper and robust pressure-sensitivity enhancement mechanism. This paper reviews early and recent works on distributed pressure sensors, classifying the sensors according to the sensing mechanism. For each type of mechanism, the issues and potentials are analyzed and discussed.The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for many years. While single-point optical fiber pressure sensors have reached a solid level of technology maturity, showing to be very good candidates in replacing conventional electrical sensors due to their numerous advantages, distributed sensors are still a matter of an intense research activity aimed at determining the most proper and robust pressure-sensitivity enhancement mechanism. This paper reviews early and recent works on distributed pressure sensors, classifying the sensors according to the sensing mechanism. For each type of mechanism, the issues and potentials are analyzed and discussed.</p>", "keywords": ["engrXiv|Engineering|Other Engineering", "Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering", "Optical fiber sensor", "bepress|Engineering", "0103 physical sciences", "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensor", "bepress|Engineering|Other Engineering", "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensor; Distributed optical fiber sensor; Optical fiber sensor; Pressure measurement", "Pressure measurement", "Other Engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Distributed optical fiber sensor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Optical%20Fiber%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-16", "title": "Soil Phytoliths From Miombo Woodlands In Mozambique", "description": "Abstract<p>This paper describes topsoil phytolith assemblages from 25 loci underneath miombo woodlands on an eco-transect intersecting the Mozambican Rift along a geographical, altitudinal, climatic and botanical gradient. We provide the first comprehensive overview of the phytolith spectrum that defines northern Mozambique's Zambezian floristic zone. Our classifying criteria derive from comparison with previously described and quantified reference collections of trees and grasses growing in the study area. We characterize the sedimentological and soil features of the matrices where phytoliths are found, establishing correlation among geo-edaphic variables and phytoliths. Descriptive statistics along with nonparametric and parametric statistical analyses evaluate phytolith grouping criteria, variation, robustness, and membership. From a taphonomic perspective, we attest that topsoil phytolith assemblages are polygenic and do not represent an episodic snapshot of extant vegetation, but a palimpsest from plants representing various disturbance episodes, succession stages, and ecological trends. Phytoliths retrieved from Mozambican miombo soils do not seem to trace altitudinal, temperature, or precipitation gradients, and no significant differences exist between highland and lowland phytolith assemblages. This article provides a phytolith analog for woodland environments that can guide future paleoenvironmental research. It also confirms that phytolith analysis is able to detect shifts in the woodland/grassland interface.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quaternary%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-01", "title": "Topological edge states of quasiperiodic elastic metasurfaces", "description": "In this work, we investigate the dynamic behavior and the topological properties of quasiperiodic elastic metasurfaces, namely arrays of mechanical oscillators arranged over the free surface of an elastic half-space according to a quasiperiodic spatial distribution. An ad-hoc multiple scattering formulation is developed to describe the dynamic interaction between Rayleigh waves and a generic array of surface resonators. The approach allows to calculate the spectrum of natural frequencies of the quasiperiodic metasurface which reveals a fractal distribution of the frequency gaps reminiscent of the Hofstadter butterfly. These gaps have nontrivial topological properties and can host Rayleigh-like edge modes. We demonstrate that such topologically protected edge modes can be driven from one boundary to the opposite of the array by a smooth variation of the phason, a parameter which modulates the geometry of the array. Topological elastic waveguides designed on these principles provide new opportunities in surface acoustic wave engineering for vibration control, energy harvesting, and lossless signal transport, among others.", "keywords": ["Quasiperiodic structures; Rayleigh waves; Synthetic dimensions; Topological metamaterials; Edge modes", "0103 physical sciences", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Applied Physics", "Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/897192/3/topological%2bedge%2bpost%2bprint%2b.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Mechanical%20Systems%20and%20Signal%20Processing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-17", "title": "Local-Scale Spatial Variability Of Soil Organic Carbon And Its Stock In The Hilly Area Of The Loess Plateau, China", "description": "<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the key components for assessing soil quality. Meanwhile, the changes in the stocks SOC may have large potential impact on global climate. It is increasingly important to estimate the SOC stock precisely and to investigate its variability. In this study, Yangjuangou watershed was selected to investigate the SOC distribution under different land uses. We found that SOC concentration decreased with increasing soil depth under all land uses and was significantly different across the vertical soil profile (P &lt; 0.01). However, considering effect of land use on SOC, it is only significant (P &lt; 0.01) in the topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) layer. This indicated that land use has a large effect on the stocks of SOC in the surface soil. The stratification ratio of SOC &gt; 1.2 may mean that soil quality is improving. The order of the SOC density (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) under different land uses is forestland &gt; orchard land &gt; grassland &gt; immature forestland &gt; terraced cropland. The SOC stock is found to be as large as 2.67 \uffc3\uff97 10 t (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) in this watershed. Considering time effect of restoration, the slope cropland just abandoned is more efficient for SOC accumulation than trees planted in the semi-arid hilly loess area.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bojie Fu, Yihe L\u00fc, Yafeng Wang, Cheng-Jun Song, Yong Luan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quaternary%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Mass balance during gabbro-amphibolite transition, Bamble Sector, Norway: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the gabbros", "description": "Mafic intrusions of mid-Proterozoic ages are widespread in the Bamble Sector, southern Norway, and elsewhere in the Baltic Shield. They vary from subordinate ultramafic rocks to troctolitic gabbros, olivine\u2013ferrogabbro, olivine-free gabbros and norites. Ni\u2013Cu sulfide ores locally occur in the marginal parts of the intrusions. Post-solidus retrograde reactions under prolonged high P\u2013T conditions led to serial changes from corona development around ferromagnesian minerals, to replacement of olivine and pyroxenes by hornblende and to the formation of amphibolites.    Variations of elements during the gabbro-amphibolite transformation are evaluated using a statistical approach that takes into consideration both initial magmatic differentiation effects, and metasomatic changes imprinted during metamorphism. This indicates that rare earth elements (REE), high field strength elements (HFSE), and transition metals were immobile. Large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and halogens were significantly introduced into the amphibolites. Sulfur, Se, Cu, Au, and As remained constant, or locally remobilized and reprecipitated; Sb was enriched in the amphibolites.    The Bamble gabbros are tholeiitic, enriched in Fe (Mg#=35\u201370); on MORB-normalized plots, they show features typical of destructive margins setting (i.e. enriched LILE and LREE, low Th abundance, and Nb trough). They are further characterized by low Ce/Yb ratios (Ce/Yb<10) and nearly flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns (LaN/YbN=1\u20132). The absence of major Mg-rich cumulates, such as peridotites, argues against fractional crystallization as the main cause of the enrichment in LILE\u2013LREE. Lack of crustal contamination is shown by the REE patterns as well as radiogenic and stable isotope data [Precambrian Research 64 (1993) 403; Chemical Geology 181/1\u20134 (2001) 23]. A model consistent with the geochemical data favors an early fractionation of olivine in a source area that had been metasomatized by LILE\u2013LREE bearing fluids.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saeed Alirezaei, Eion M Cameron,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Lithos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700007791", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Studies In Mixed Cropping. Ii. Population Pressures In Maize\u2013Bean Mixtures", "description": "SUMMARY<p>An experiment at the Kabete Field Station of the University of Nairobi compared maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93bean mixtures with pure stands of the two crops at three plant densities. Although the mixtures gave an apparent yield advantage over pure stands, this could be explained solely by the increased population pressure in the mixtures. The implication of this finding for other published work with cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume mixtures is discussed, and a distinction is drawn between those sites in East Africa where a conclusive yield advantage from mixed cropping has been found and those where any apparent advantage might be explained by the higher population pressure.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "N. M. Fisher", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700007791"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700007791", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700007791", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700007791"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1977-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s1002-0160(21)60061-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-08", "title": "Rhizosphere microbiomes can regulate plant drought tolerance", "description": "Project Co-ordinators: Dr. Jose Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero (Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CISC), Dr. Weifeng Xu (Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, FAFU). Beneficial root-associated rhizospheric microbes play a key role in maintaining host plant growth and can potentially allow drought-resilient crop production. The complex interaction of root-associated microbes mainly depends on soil type, plant genotype, and soil moisture. However, drought is the most devastating environmental stress that strongly reduces soil biota and can restrict plant growth and yield. In this review, we discussed our mechanistic understanding of drought and microbial response traits. Additionally, we highlighted the role of beneficial microbes and plant-derived metabolites in alleviating drought stress and improving crop growth. We proposed that future research might focus on evaluating the dynamics of root-beneficial microbes under field drought conditions. The integrative use of ecology, microbial, and molecular approaches may serve as a promising strategy to produce more drought-resilient and sustainable crops. We are grateful for the grant support from the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2017YFE0118100 and 2018YFD02003025), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31761130073, 31872169, and 31600209), a Newton Advanced Fellowship, UK (NO. NA160430), Fujian Province Education Department Funding, China (No. JK2017015), Research Grant of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China (No. KXGH17005), and European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Project SHui (No. 773903). Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Drought stress", "0303 health sciences", "Root-microbe association", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phytohormone", "13. Climate action", "Metabolites", "Plant growth"], "contacts": [{"organization": "ASLAM, Mehtab Muhammad, OKAL, Eyalira J., IDRIS, Aisha Lawan, QIAN, Zhang, XU, Weifeng, KARANJA, Joseph K., WANI, Shabir H., YUAN, Wei,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0160(21)60061-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pedosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s1002-0160(21)60061-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s1002-0160(21)60061-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s1002-0160(21)60061-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Effects of forest management on soil c and n storage: meta analysis", "description": "Abstract   The effects of forest management on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are important to understand not only because these are often master variables determining soil fertility but also because of the role of soils as a source or sink for C on a global scale. This paper reviews the literature on forest management effects on soil C and N and reports the results of a meta analysis of these data. The meta analysis showed that forest harvesting, on average, had little or no effect on soil C and N. Significant effects of harvest type and species were noted, with sawlog harvesting causing increases (+18%) in soil C and N and whole-tree harvesting causing decreases (\u22126%). The positive effect of sawlog harvesting appeared to be restricted to coniferous species. Fire resulted in no significant overall effects of fire on either C or N (when categories were combined); but there was a significant effect of time since fire, with an increase in both soil C and N after 10 years (compared to controls). Significant differences among fire treatments were found, with the counterintuitive result of lower soil C following prescribed fire and higher soil C following wildfire. The latter is attributed to the sequestration of charcoal and recalcitrant, hydrophobic organic matter and to the effects of naturally invading, post-fire, N-fixing vegetation. Both fertilization and N-fixing vegetation caused marked overall increases in soil C and N.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "sawlog-harvesting: harvesting-method", "Coniferopsida-: Gymnospermae-", "Vascular-Plants", "Eucalyptus-spp. (Myrtaceae-)", "01 natural sciences", "carbon-: soil-storage", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Plantae-", "Forest Sciences", "Pinus-spp. (Coniferopsida-)", "Picea-abies (Coniferopsida-)", "meta-analysis: statistical-method", "2. Zero hunger", "7440-44-0: CARBON", "Angiosperms-", "Myrtaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Gymnosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil-Science", "whole-tree-harvesting: harvesting-method", "Populus-tremuloides (Salicaceae-)", "Forestry-", "7727-37-9: NITROGEN", "prescribed-burning: forestry-method", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Dicots-", "nitrogen-: soil-storage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Peter S. Curtis, Dale W. Johnson, Dale W. Johnson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41586-024-07607-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-26", "title": "Zinc mediates control of nitrogen fixation via transcription factor filamentation", "description": "Abstract<p>Plants adapt to fluctuating environmental conditions by adjusting their metabolism and gene expression to maintain fitness1. In legumes, nitrogen homeostasis is maintained by balancing nitrogen acquired from soil resources with nitrogen fixation by symbiotic bacteria in root nodules2\uffe2\uff80\uff938. Here we show that zinc, an essential plant micronutrient, acts as an intracellular second messenger that connects environmental changes to transcription factor control of metabolic activity in root nodules. We identify a transcriptional regulator, FIXATION UNDER NITRATE (FUN), which acts as a sensor, with zinc controlling the transition between an inactive filamentous megastructure and an active transcriptional regulator. Lower zinc concentrations in the nodule, which we show occur in response to higher levels of soil nitrate, dissociates the filament and activates FUN. FUN then directly targets multiple pathways to initiate breakdown of the nodule. The zinc-dependent filamentation mechanism thus establishes a concentration readout to adapt nodule function to the environmental nitrogen conditions. In a wider perspective, these results have implications for understanding the roles of metal ions in integration of environmental signals with plant development and optimizing delivery of fixed nitrogen in legume crops.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Nitrates", "Nitrogen", "Second Messenger Systems", "Article", "Zinc", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant signalling", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Nitrogen Fixation", "Lotus", "Root Nodules", " Plant", "Symbiosis", "Rhizobial symbiosis", "Plant Proteins", "Transcription Factors"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07607-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41586-024-07607-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41586-024-07607-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41586-024-07607-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700009194", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Studies In Mixed Cropping. Iii. Further Results With Maize-Bean Mixtures", "description": "SUMMARY<p>In contrast to earlier results, a clear advantage from mixed cropping of maize and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) was found in the long-rain seasons (March to September) of 1976 and 1977. Pure stand yields were low due to drought in 1976 and excessive rainfall in 1977. These and other results for long-rain seasons in Kenya suggest that mixtures are more efficient where pure stand yield levels are low, but there is little difference between cropping systems where levels are high. Light interception by maize leaves was quite small until late in the life of the bean crop.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "N. M. Fisher", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700009194"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700009194", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700009194", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700009194"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1979-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30148-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-15", "title": "Reduction in air pollution and attributable mortality due to COVID-19 lockdown", "description": "Correspondence", "keywords": ["China", "SARS-CoV-2", "Pneumonia", " Viral", "COVID-19", "01 natural sciences", "Betacoronavirus", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Air Pollution", "Correspondence", "Humans", "Coronavirus Infections", "Pandemics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30148-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Lancet%20Planetary%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30148-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30148-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30148-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/S2040470017000243", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-01", "title": "Monitoring crop N status by using red edge-based indices", "description": "Intensive agriculture has the objective to increase nutrients use efficiency. Nitrogen (N) is a key nutrient for crops and the estimations of crop N status allow adjusting the fertilization levels to crop requirements, while reducing the environmental costs and optimizing the benefits for farmers. In this work the N status of wheat in a commercial plot has been monitored, varying the N supply taking into account the variability of the soil. The N content in the cover has been monitored simultaneously by sampling at field level and by using vegetation indices based on reflectance in the red-edge band. The results of the field campaign along a crop growth cycle show that the REP, MTCI, AIVI and CCCI calculated from narrow spectral bands show good linear correlations (R2>0.93) with respect to N content (g\u00b7m\u22122). These indices are stable when passing to broad bands as the case of Sentinel 2 with R2>0.9.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "3. Good health"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gonz\u00e1lez-Piqueras, J., Lopez-Corcoles, H., S\u00e1nchez, S., Villodre, J., Bodas, V., Campos, I., Osann, A., Calera, A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040470017000243"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Advances%20in%20Animal%20Biosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/S2040470017000243", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/S2040470017000243", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/S2040470017000243"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/srep03829", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-23", "title": "Rapid Recovery Of Soil Bacterial Communities After Wildfire In A Chinese Boreal Forest", "description": "Abstract<p>Fires affect hundreds of millions of hectares annually. Above-ground community composition and diversity after fire have been studied extensively, but effects of fire on soil bacterial communities remain largely unexamined despite the central role of bacteria in ecosystem recovery and functioning. We investigated responses of bacterial community to forest fire in the Greater Khingan Mountains, China, using tagged pyrosequencing. Fire altered soil bacterial community composition substantially and high-intensity fire significantly decreased bacterial diversity 1-year-after-burn site. Bacterial community composition and diversity returned to similar levels as observed in controls (no fire) after 11 years. The understory vegetation community typically takes 20\uffe2\uff80\uff93100 years to reach pre-fire states in boreal forest, so our results suggest that soil bacteria could recover much faster than plant communities. Finally, soil bacterial community composition significantly co-varied with soil pH, moisture content, NH4+ content and carbon/nitrogen ratio (P &lt; 0.05 in all cases) in wildfire-perturbed soils, suggesting that fire could indirectly affect bacterial communities by altering soil edaphic properties.</p>", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "China", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Article", "Carbon", "Fires", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep03829"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep03829", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep03829", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep03829"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "created": "2014-06-09", "title": "Summary For Policymakers", "description": "Events are becoming more complex as their range of functions grows, as meeting places, creative spaces, economic catalysts, social drivers, community builders, image makers, business forums and network nodes. Effective design can produce more successful...", "keywords": ["Event Design", "Events Planning", "Karen Mein", "Events Design", "Social perspectives and practices", "Interior Design", "Conference and Event Management", "Tourism Planning and Policy", "Greg Richards", "L\u00e9nia Marques"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Richards, Greg, L\u00e9nia, Marques, Mein, Karen, Marques, L\u00e9nia, Mein, Karen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/S2040470017000231", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-01", "title": "Mapping Optimum Nitrogen Crop Uptake", "description": "This work proposes a methodology that uses remote sensing (RS) images to obtain optimum nitrogen crop uptake (N\u1d64\u209a\u209c\u2090\u2096\u2091) maps, for the all pixels in the image included in the field during the entire growing season. The N\u1d64\u209a\u209c\u2090\u2096\u2091 was determined from relationship between critical nitrogen concentration (Nc) and biomass where biomass was estimated by a crop growth model based on the water use efficiency. The paper proposes the use of this methodology in commercial wheat farm. The results are discussed with respect to field measurements of crop biomass and N concentration on different dates and in zones with different nitrogen treatments from 8 commercial wheat farms in Albacete, Spain during 2015 and 2016.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040470017000231"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Advances%20in%20Animal%20Biosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/S2040470017000231", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/S2040470017000231", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/S2040470017000231"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/S2040470017000942", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-01", "title": "User requirements for a satellite-based advisory platform", "description": "APOLLO, a newly funded H2020 EU project will develop an agricultural advisory platform for small farmers based on Copernicus Sentinel satellites. It will provide services for tillage scheduling, irrigation scheduling, crop growth monitoring and yield estimation. The aim of this study was to identify the farmers\u2019 requirements of the APOLLO platform. In total 121 farmers were interviewed in Spain, Serbia and Greece. More than 90% of the farmers pointed out that smart agriculture and use of satellite data in agriculture are important. Additionally, more than 80% want to have access to historical data and a flexible subscription policy to the platform according to their needs and use. However, significant differences exist among farmers of these countries in terms of technology awareness and penetration, which should be taken into consideration for developing a successful platform.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Anastasiou, E., Tsiropoulos, Z., Fountas, S., Osann, A., Protic, D., Simeonidou, M., Xenidis, L.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040470017000942"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Advances%20in%20Animal%20Biosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/S2040470017000942", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/S2040470017000942", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/S2040470017000942"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/plc.2024.34", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-04", "title": "Addressing the environmental sustainability of plastics used in agriculture: a multi-actor perspective", "description": "Abstract    <p>Plastics used in agriculture, commonly known as agriplastics (AP), offer numerous advantages in terrestrial agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, but the diffusion of AP-intensive practices has led to extensive pollution. This review aims to synthesise scientific and policy discussions surrounding AP, examining evidence of their benefits and detrimental environmental and agricultural impacts. Following the proposal of a preliminary general taxonomy of AP, this paper presents the findings from a survey conducted among international experts from the plastic industry, farmer organisations, NGOs and environmental research institutes. This analysis highlights knowledge gaps, demands and perspectives for the sustainable future use of AP. Stakeholder positions vary on the options of \uffe2\uff80\uff98rejection\uffe2\uff80\uff99 or \uffe2\uff80\uff98reduction\uffe2\uff80\uff99 of AP, as well as the role of alternative materials such as (bio)degradable and compostable plastics. However, there is consensus on critical issues such as redesign, labelling, traceability, environmental safety standards, deployment and retrieval standards, as well as innovative waste management approaches. All stakeholders express concern for the environment. A \uffe2\uff80\uff98best practice\uffe2\uff80\uff99-based circular model was elaborated capturing these perspectives. In the context of global food systems increasingly reliant on AP, scientists emphasise the need to simultaneously preserve nature-based and traditional knowledge-based sustainable agricultural practices to enhance food system resilience.</p", "keywords": ["multi-actor approach", "330", "Multi-actor approach", "Agriculture", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "630", "Environmental sciences", "plastic pollution", "plastic waste", "Agriplastics", "Plastic pollution", "Plastic waste", "agriplastics", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "agriculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Valentina E. Tartiu, Rachel Hurley, Cecilie Baann, Demetres Briassoulis, Evelia Schettini, Fabiana Convertino, Bernard Le Moine, Adalgisa Martinelli, Luc Vernet, Sissel B. Ranneklev, Violette Geissen, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Nicolas Beriot, Defu He, Richard H. Thompson, Giulia Carcasci, Luca Nizzetto,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2024.34"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Cambridge%20Prisms%3A%20Plastics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/plc.2024.34", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/plc.2024.34", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/plc.2024.34"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/rdc.2018.62", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-19", "title": "Molecular Fingerprinting of14C Dated Soil Organic Matter Fractions from Archaeological Settings in NW Spain", "description": "Abstract<p>This paper evaluates the complexities of radiocarbon (14C) dates from soil organic matter (SOM) in archaeological scenarios. The aqueous NaOH-insoluble residual SOM from Neolithic to medieval sites in NW Spain produced consistently older calibrated14C ages than NaOH-extractable SOM. Using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS), we analyzed the molecular composition of these SOM fractions, aiming to understand the differences in14C ages and to gain insight on SOM dynamics in relation to age fractionation. The molecular composition of the NaOH-extractable SOM, which accounts for roughly two-thirds of total SOM, has a larger proportion of microbial detritus than the NaOH-insoluble SOM. This might suggest that the discrepancies between the two fractions is due to microbial rejuvenation in the extractable fraction, leading to14C results that are younger than the activity that is to be dated. However, archaeological evidence presented here unambiguously shows that the14C age of the extractable SOM provides the more accurate age for the targeted activity, and that the insoluble fraction contains inherited old carbon. After statistical data evaluation using Partial Least Squares-Regression (PLS-R), it is concluded that this inherited SOM is a mixture of Black Carbon from wild and/or domestic fires and recalcitrant aliphatic SOM.</p", "keywords": ["Radiocarbon dating", "Molecular composition", "THM-GC-MS", "SOM fractions", "0601 history and archaeology", "06 humanities and the arts", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Py-GC-MS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.62"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Radiocarbon", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/rdc.2018.62", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/rdc.2018.62", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/rdc.2018.62"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/qpb.2025.4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-02", "title": "Changing paradigms for the micronutrient zinc, a known protein cofactor, as a signal relaying also cellular redox state", "description": "Abstract    <p>The micronutrient zinc (Zn) is often poorly available but toxic when present in excess, so a tightly controlled Zn homoeostasis network operates in all organisms. This review summarizes our present understanding of plant Zn homoeostasis. In Arabidopsis, about 1,900 Zn-binding metalloproteins require Zn as a cofactor. Abundant Zn metalloproteins reside in plastids, mitochondria and peroxisomes, emphasizing the need to address how Zn reaches these proteins. Apo\uffe2\uff80\uff93Zn metalloproteins do not acquire Zn2+ from a cytosolic pool of free cations, but instead through associative ligand exchange from Zn-buffering molecules. The importance of cytosolic thiols in Zn buffering suggests that, besides elevated Zn influx, a more oxidized redox state is also predicted to cause elevated labile-bound Zn levels, consistent with the suppression of a Zn deficiency marker under oxidative stress. Therefore, we consider a broadened physiological scope in plants for a possible signalling role of Zn2+, experimentally supported only in animals to date.</p", "keywords": ["zinc transporter", "QK1-989", "metal homeostasis", "Botany", "metalloprotein", "Plant culture", "plant nutrition", "Review", "zinc sensor", "SB1-1110"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ute Kr\u00e4mer", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/qpb.2025.4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quantitative%20Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/qpb.2025.4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/qpb.2025.4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/qpb.2025.4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-15", "title": "Effects Of The Absence Of Protozoa From Birth Or From Weaning On The Growth And Methane Production Of Lambs", "description": "<p>Merino ewes (n108) joined to a single sire were allocated into three flocks, with ewes in one flock being chemically defaunated in the second month of gestation. Single lambs born to defaunated ewes (BF lambs) were heavier at birth and at weaning than lambs born to faunated ewes (F lambs). After weaning, all BF and F lambs were individually housed then half of the F lambs were chemically defaunated (DF lambs). In trial 1, BF, DF and F lambs were offered a concentrate-based diet containing either 14 or 19\uffc2\uffa0% protein for a 10-week period. Wool growth rate of BF lambs was 10\uffc2\uffa0% higher than that of DF or F lambs and was increased 9\uffc2\uffa0% by the high-protein diet. While there was no main effect of protozoa treatment on enteric methane production, there was an interaction between protozoa treatment and diet for methane production. BF and DF lambs produced more methane than F lambs when fed the low-protein diet but when fed the high-protein diet, emissions were less than (BF lambs) or not different from (DF lambs) emissions from F lambs. In trial 2, lambs were offered 800\uffc2\uffa0g roughage per d and, again, methane production was not affected by the presence of protozoa in the rumen. The data indicate that while lambs without rumen protozoa have greater protein availability than do faunated ruminants, there is no main effect of rumen protozoa on enteric methane production by lambs fed either a concentrate or roughage diet.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "Wool", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Eukaryota", "Growth", "Weaning", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms", "Animals", " Newborn", "Fermentation", "Animals", "Birth Weight", "Female", "Methane", "Sheep", " Domestic"], "contacts": [{"organization": "B. A. Vanselow, Roger Hegarty, S. H. Bird, R. Woodgate,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508981435"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/British%20Journal%20of%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0007114508981435"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700003112", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Lime Additions On Sugarcane Yield And Soil Chemical Properties In North Queensland", "description": "<p>In many highly weathered soils of the humid tropics, crop exploitation of the subsoil environment is limited through acid soil infertility. Since the use of mechanical profile modification is often prohibitive, surface incorporation of soil amendments is often the only means available to rectify this problem. A field trial was established with sugarcane on a strongly Acidic Dystrophic Brown Dermosol (Oxic Humitropept) in 1978 to evaluate the effects of surface incorporated lime additions on yield and performance of sugarcane. Eighteen years after the establishment of this trial, significant responses in cane yield were still evident following a single application of 5\uffc2\uffa0t\uffc2\uffa0lime\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 made in 1978, as well as repeated applications of 5\uffc2\uffa0t\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 on three occasions over the past 18 years. Progressive reductions in exchangeable acidity were accompanied by increases in subsoil Ca2+ and Mg2+. Soil pH increased significantly to a depth of 100\uffc2\uffa0cm, this being attributed to the formation of ion pairs with NO3 in the surface soil, the subsequent leaching of these complexes and the differential uptake of NO3 at depth by roots. The results from this long-term study indicate that surface incorporation of lime is an economically viable approach to the remediation of subsoil acidity on soils such as those studied, namely, those with a low inherent cation exchange capacity and anion exchange capacity.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. P. Hurney, A. D. Noble,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700003112"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700003112", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700003112", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700003112"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/nano13020341", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-16", "title": "Mechanisms of Individual and Simultaneous Adsorption of Antibiotics and Dyes onto Halloysite Nanoclay and Regeneration of Saturated Adsorbent via Cold Plasma Bubbling", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Halloysite nanoclay (HNC) was examined as an adsorbent for the individual and simultaneous removal of antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENRO) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions, alongside its regeneration via cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) bubbling. Initially, batch kinetics and isotherm studies were carried out, while the effect of several parameters was evaluated. Both ENRO and MB adsorption onto HNC was better described by Langmuir model, with its maximum adsorption capacity being 34.80 and 27.66 mg/g, respectively. A Pseudo-second order model fitted the experimental data satisfactorily, suggesting chemisorption (through electrostatic interactions) as the prevailing adsorption mechanism, whereas adsorption was also controlled by film diffusion. In the binary system, the presence of MB seemed to act antagonistically to the adsorption of ENRO. The saturated adsorbent was regenerated inside a CAP microbubble reactor and its adsorption capacity was re-tested by applying new adsorption cycles. CAP bubbling was able to efficiently regenerate saturated HNC with low energy requirements (16.67 Wh/g-adsorbent) in contrast to Fenton oxidation. Most importantly, the enhanced adsorption capacity of the CAP-regenerated HNC (compared to raw HNC), when applied in new adsorption cycles, indicated its activation during the regeneration process. The present study provides a green, sustainable and highly effective alternative for water remediation where pharmaceutical and dyes co-exist.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Article", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "adsorption", "regeneration", "methylene blue", "halloysite", "enrofloxacin", "0210 nano-technology", "QD1-999", "adsorption; nanoclays; halloysite; methylene blue; enrofloxacin; regeneration; cold atmospheric plasma", "nanoclays"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/2/341/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/2/341/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020341"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nanomaterials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/nano13020341", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/nano13020341", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/nano13020341"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700019426", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Evaluation Of Short And Tall Sorghum Varieties In Mixtures With Cowpea In The Sudan Savanna Of Nigeria: Land Equivalent Ratio, Grain Yield And System Productivity Index", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Physiomorphological differences between crops in binary mixtures can influence grain yield. A two year field study considered intra-row mixtures of two sorghum varieties, one short (KSV4) and one tall (Yarwasha), with cowpea at Maiduguri in Nigeria. The performance of the component crops depended largely on the relative proportion of cowpea and sorghum in the mixtures. Comparison of actual and expected land equivalent ratios suggested that mutual compensation and cooperation prevailed within mixtures in most instances. The system productivity index of mixtures where the proportion of sorghum: cowpea was 1:3 showed that their yield stability was greater than that of other sorghum-cowpea mixtures.</p><p>Combination de sorgol caupi en la Sabana del Sudan</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "P. E. Odo", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700019426"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700019426", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700019426", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700019426"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1991-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700002106", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Phosphorus Fertilization And Crop Rotation On Pearl Millet\u2013Cowpea Productivity In The West-African Sahel", "description": "<p>The millet (Pennisetum glaucum)-based cropping systems that dominate the Sudano\uffe2\uff80\uff93Sahelian Zone of West Africa cannot, as they are currently practised, meet the growing food needs of the region. They must therefore be intensified in a sustainable manner. The present study was initiated in 1986 and continued until 1996 to evaluate the effects of phosphorus (P) fertilization, tillage and rotation with sole cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on an operational scale with two cropping systems, namely, sole millet and millet\uffe2\uff80\uff93cowpea intercropping. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. The effects of P fertilization, ridging with animal traction and planting on ridges (AT), and rotation with sole cowpea increased the productivity of millet substantially in 10 of the 11 years. Based on the 11-year average, P fertilization alone improved grain yield by 52%, and AT with P fertilization improved grain yield by nearly 135%. Combining AT, P fertilization and the sole cowpea rotation resulted in a 200% increase in grain yield compared with the traditional system of production. Millet productivity did not show a significant decline when intercropped with cowpea. Stability and relative stability analysis showed that the traditional system was more stable than the various agronomic packages, but had the least yield. Conversely, the agronomic package with the highest yield advantage over the traditional system was the least stable. A major portion of the annual variation in the environmental index for grain yield and total dry matter was attributed to the seasonal variation in rainfall and organic matter depletion. Organic matter levels declined linearly with years of cultivation. Significant differences were found in the rate of depletion between the various agronomic treatments tested. After 11 years, nearly 60% of the organic matter was depleted irrespective of the agronomic treatments.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Millets", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Subbarao, G V, Renard, C, Payne, W A, Bationo, A,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700002106"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700002106", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700002106", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700002106"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970000778x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Studies In Mixed Cropping. I. Seasonal Differences In Relative Productivity Of Crop Mixtures And Pure Stands In The Kenya Highlands", "description": "SUMMARY<p>An experiment is described in which the productivity of maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93bean and maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93potato mixtures in alternate rows was compared with pure stands of the component species in four cropping seasons. In seasons with low rainfall, yield from the mixtures fell short of that from pure stands, but in one exceptionally wet season a yield advantage was found for maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93bean mixtures. The poor performance of mixtures in low rainfall seasons appeared to result from large reductions in maize yield attributable to competition from the potato or bean. In the one high-rainfall season, no such reduction in maize yield occurred. An implication of these findings for farming systems with mixed cropping is discussed.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "N. M. Fisher", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970000778x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970000778x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970000778x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970000778x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1977-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479714000404", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-24", "title": "Effect Of Liquid Cattle Manure On Soil Chemical Properties And Corn Growth In Northern Greece", "description": "SUMMARY<p>The impact of liquid cattle (Bos taurusL.) manure, applied to soil at common rates and for several years, on certain plant parameters and soil properties has not been studied extensively. The objectives of this study were: a) to assess the effects of manure application on corn (Zea maysL.) yield, macro- and micronutrient concentrations and uptake, in a three-year (2006\uffe2\uff80\uff932008) field experiment conducted in northern Greece and b) to evaluate the 11-year effect of manure application on soil fertility (particularly on micronutrients avialability) and chemical properties (especially on organic C and total N content). The field experiment of this study had been used in a similar fertilisation experiment since 1996. The treatments, which were applied on the same plots each year over the 11-year period, were: (i) soil incorporation of liquid dairy cattle manure before sowing, at a rate equal to the common N-P inorganic fertilisation for each crop (based on manure's total N and P content); (ii) application of the common inorganic N-P fertilisation for each crop before sowing; (iii) identical to ii, but with split application of the N fertilisers; (iv) no fertilisation (control). Corn dry aboveground biomass yield at the R3 growth stage and grain yield, N, P, K concentrations and macro- and micronutrients uptake increased (p\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.05) upon manure addition at levels similar to or higher than the inorganic fertilisation treatments. The relative increase in grain yield during the three-year period ranged between 63\uffe2\uff80\uff9375% for manure treatment and 50\uffe2\uff80\uff9375% for both inorganic fertilisation treatments. After 11 years of manure application, organic C, total N, and available NO3-N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B increased (p\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.05) in the surface soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm). However, no trend of nutrient build up was evident through years (except for Zn). Surprisingly, salinity and available NO3-N in the 60\uffe2\uff80\uff9390 cm soil depth of the manure-treated plots were lower (p\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.05) than that of the inorganic fertilisation treatments and similar to control. Electrical conductivity was 1.76, 3.05, 2.96 and 1.36 dS m\uffe2\uff88\uff921, for manure treatment, the two inorganic fertilisation treatments and control, respectively, whereas the respective NO3-N concentrations were 7.7, 44.6, 55.1 and 8.3 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Conclusively, repeated application of liquid cattle manure into the soil, at rates comparable to the common inorganic fertilisation for 11 years, can enhance crop yield and macronutrient concentrations in plant tissues and uptake, at levels similar to the inorganic fertilisation. In addition, it can increase micronutrients plant uptake and maintain soil fertility with respect to both macro- and micronutrients and increase soil organic C and total N, without either causing nutrient build up or increasing soil salinity and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92accumulation in the deeper soil layers.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000404"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479714000404", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479714000404", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479714000404"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11019/3395", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-02", "title": "Demands on land: Mapping competing societal expectations for the functionality of agricultural soils in Europe", "description": "Abstract   The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU) has been highly successful in securing the supply of food from Europe\u2019s agricultural land. However, new expectations have emerged from society on the functions that agricultural land should deliver, including the expectations that land should regulate and purify water, should sequester carbon to contribute to the mitigation of climate change, should provide a home for biodiversity and allow for the sustainable cycling of nutrients in animal and human waste streams. Through a series of reforms of the CAP, these expectations, or \u2018societal demands\u2019 have translated into a myriad of EU and national level policies aimed at safeguarding the sustainability and multifunctionality of European agriculture, resulting in a highly complex regulatory environment for land managers. The current reform of the CAP aims to simultaneously simplify and strengthen policy making on environmental protection and climate action, through the development of Strategic Plans at national level, which allow for more targeted and context-specific policy formation. In this paper, we contribute to the knowledge base underpinning the development of these Strategic Plans by mapping the variation in the societal demands for soil functions across EU Member States, based on an extensive review of the existing policy environment relating to sustainable and multifunctional land management. We show that the societal demands for primary production, water regulation and purification, carbon sequestration, biodiversity and nutrient cycling vary greatly between Member States, as determined by population, farming systems and livestock densities, geo-environmental conditions and landscape configuration. Moreover, the total societal demands for multifunctionality differs between Member States, with the lowest demands found in Member States that have designated the higher shares of EU CAP funding towards \u2018Pillar 2\u2032 expenditure, aimed at environmental protection and regional development. We review which lessons can be learnt from these observations, in the context of the proposals for the new CAP for the period 2021\u20132027, which include enhanced conditionality of direct income support for farmers and the instigation of eco-schemes in Pillar 1, in addition to Agri-Environmental and Climate Measures in Pillar 2. We conclude that the devolution of planning to Strategic Plans at national level provides an opportunity for more effective and targeted incentivisation of sustainable land management, provided that these plans take account for variations in the societal demand for soil functions, as well as the capacity of contrasting soils to deliver on this multifunctionality.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Policy", "Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Agriculture", "LANDMARK", "15. Life on land", "EU", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11019/3395"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11019/3395", "name": "item", "description": "11019/3395", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11019/3395"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479702001072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-17", "title": "Factors Affecting The Adoption Of Leguminous Cover Crops In Nigeria And A Comparison With The Adoption Of New Crop Varieties", "description": "<p>This paper presents the results of:</p><p>(a) On-farm trials (eight) over a two-year period designed to test the effectiveness of leguminous cover crops in terms of increasing maize yields in Igalaland, Nigeria.</p><p>(b) A survey designed to monitor the extent of, and reasons behind, adoption of the leguminous cover crop technology in subsequent years by farmers involved, to varying degrees, in the trial programme.</p><p>Particular emphasis was placed on comparing adoption of leguminous cover crops with that of new crop varieties released by a non-governmental organization in the same area since the mid 1980s. While the leguminous cover crop technology boosted maize grain yields by 127 to 136% above an untreated control yield of between 141 and 171 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, the adoption rate (number of farmers adopting) was only 18%. By way of contrast, new crop varieties had a highly variable benefit in terms of yield advantage over local varieties, with the best average increase of around 20%. Adoption rates for new crop varieties, assessed as both the number of farmers growing the varieties and the number of plots planted to the varieties, were 40% on average. The paper discusses some key factors influencing adoption of the leguminous cover crop technology, including seed availability. Implications of these results for a local non-governmental organization, the Diocesan Development Services, concerned with promoting the leguminous cover crop technology are also discussed.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "1. No poverty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Stephen Morse, Nora McNamara,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479702001072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479702001072", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479702001072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479702001072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970000870x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Neighbour Effects Between Maize And Cowpea At Various Levels Of N And P", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Maize and cowpea were grown in mixed and pure stands, using the same overall density in all plots. Four fertilizer treatments N0P0, N1P0, N0P1and N1P1were imposed in experiments carried out during the early growing seasons of 1976 and 1977 at Ibadan in the rainforest zone of Nigeria. There was no competition between the crops for nitrogen or phosphorus and yields in mixtures were significantly higher than the means of the species monocultures, as shown by relative yield total (RYT) and C (complementation) values.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S. U. Remison", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970000870x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970000870x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970000870x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970000870x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1978-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970001187x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Intercropping Morphologically Different Types Of Maize With Cowpeas: Ler And Growth Attributes Of Associated Cowpeas", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and cowpea growth attributes were used to evaluate three different maize cultivars for intercropping with cowpea, a low canopy crop. The relatively short maize cultivar (Kewesoke) with erect upper leaves transmitted the most light to cowpeas, followed by a liguleless erect-leaf type and then a floppy-leaf type. The more the transmitted light, the greater were the growth and yields of associated cowpeas.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T. A. T. Wahua, M. E. Aken'ova, O. Babalola,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970001187x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970001187x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970001187x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970001187x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1981-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970001841x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Studies On Maize ( Zea Mays) At Bunda, Malawi. Iii. Yield In Rotations With Pasture Legumes", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Yields of maize were increased when they followed successfully established pasture legumes in two rotation experiments. The largest increases were obtained after silverleaf and were equivalent in one experiment to the effects of about 30 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921a\uffe2\uff88\uff921over four years and in the other experiment to those of 40 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921a\uffe2\uff88\uff921over three years. The largest beneficial effect of some of the legumes was on the first crop of maize but in others did not occur until the third or fourth crop. The possible reasons for the different patterns of residual effect are discussed in relation to the nature of the legume residues, the quality of the seedbed following the legumes, and rainfall</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D. MacColl", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970001841x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970001841x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970001841x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970001841x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1990-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700026223", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Agroforestry And The Mitigation Of Land Degradation In The Humid And Sub-Humid Tropics Of Africa", "description": "SUMMARY<p>In the last 35 years, the population of sub-Saharan Africa has increased nearly threefold and is expected to reach 681 million by the year 2000, with nearly 50% of the population living in urban centres. Such population pressures, exacerbated by a range of social and political factors, have already resulted in widespread land degradation in areas of high population densities and the expansion of agriculture on to marginal and sloping land. Declining soil fertility and soil erosion are increasingly threatening the sustainability of small scale farming systems throughout Africa, and affordable external nutrient inputs are seldom available to farmers. In addition, shortages of wood for construction and fuel and high-quality dry-season fodder for livestock are widespread and serious constraints to farm productivity.</p><p>Agroforestry, the deliberate integration of woody perennials into crop and livestock systems, has the potential to mitigate many of these constraints through both the service and production functions played by trees. In recent decades much agroforestry research has been undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa. In this review we focus specifically on research which addresses the potential of agroforestry systems to enhance soil fertility, prevent soil erosion, provide high-quality dry-season fodder or generate much needed income through the production of high-value goods.</p><p>Much emphasis has been placed on a wide range of agroforestry systems for the maintenance of soil fertility and the prevention of soil erosion losses, and encouraging results, both in technical performance and farmer enthusiasm, have occurred. However, it is clear that agroforestry solutions to land degradation are always likely to be location-specific in their relevance, performance and farmer acceptability. It is essential that farmers are included as research partners to determine what is appropriate for their conditions.</p><p>Good progress has also been made on identifying fast-growing leguminous trees and shrubs for high-quality livestock fodder supplements. Where livestock enterprises, such as peri-urban milk production, are market-oriented the adoption and impact of such systems have been high. Given population and urbanization projections, it is likely that fodder trees and shrubs will have a major role to play in meeting future feed demands for both milk and meat production. Research on the potential of high-value indigenous and exotic trees to generate income has been less extensive in Africa, although the huge potential of this approach has been clearly demonstrated by farmers in south-east Asia. We suggest that there is a need for increased research emphasis on the domestication of high value indigenous trees, and their integration into more sustainable, diverse and intensive land use systems.</p><p>We conclude that, although good progress has been made in agroforestry research in Africa and farmer adoption is occurring, future population projections pose a clear challenge. Agroforestry systems which provide solutions for today's land degradation problems will need to evolve in both diversity and intensity if they are to remain relevant and effective for tomorrow's Africa.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. R. Rao, P. J. M. Cooper, Roger R. B. Leakey, L. Reynolds,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700026223"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700026223", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700026223", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700026223"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700013624", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Effects Of Planting Schedule And Intercropping On Green Gram ( Phaseolus Aureus) And Bulrush Millet ( Pennisetum Americanum) In Tanzania", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Experiments in Tanzania have shown that green gram planted one week before bulrush millet produced a complimentary protein energy balance optimal for a cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff93legume diet. Grain yields were increased due to additive intercropping (by 13%) and replacement intercropping (27%). Green gram plants were more competitive than bulrush millet plants at the seedling stage but were overpowered in later growth stages.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K. W. May", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700013624"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700013624", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700013624", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700013624"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1982-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970002038x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "The Impact Of Varying Levels Of Competition From Pearl Millet On The Yields Of Groundnut Cultivars", "description": "Summary<p>A series of trials investigated the response of a range of groundnut genotypes to varied levels of competition from millet in intercrop situations in both the Sahelian and Sudanian agro-climatic zones. No genotype interactions were observed in response to different millet population levels. Introducing millet into groundnut cultivation provided considerable benefits to the farmer, particularly at the less dense millet populations, but the introduction of groundnut into millet cropping consistently reduced the yield of millet, with little gain in groundnut yields.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Groundnut", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Millets", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ndunguru, B J, Williams, J H,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970002038x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970002038x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970002038x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970002038x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700024467", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "Suppression Of Striga Hermonthica On Sorghum Using A Cowpea Intercrop", "description": "SUMMARY<p>Intercropping with a spreading type of cowpea was studied as a technique for the control of Striga hermonthica on sorghum in northern Cameroon. Alternate rows of cowpea did not reduce Striga density but planting the cowpea and sorghum in the same row, in the same or alternating hills, reduced Striga density and numbers of Striga per sorghum stand. Yields of sorghum grain in the same-row planting treatments were not significantly less than sole sorghum yields, and 200 to 700 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of cowpea grain was produced. Alternating stands of sorghum and cowpea within the same row gave the best yield of sorghum and greater reduction of Striga. Production of mature Striga with capsules decreased with increasing cowpea ground cover, so that while cowpea may not reduce Striga emergence, it may hinder Striga development, possibly reducing the Striga seed bank over time.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "L. Singh, R. J. Carsky, R. Ndikawa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700024467"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700024467", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700024467", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700024467"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479702000273", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Duration Of Sesbania Fallow Effect For Nitrogen Requirement Of Maize In Planted Fallow\u2013Maize Rotation In Western Kenya", "description": "<p>The duration of the residual effect of sesbania (Sesbania sesban) fallow on subsequent crops will determine the interval at which sesbania must be grown to replenish N in a planted fallow\uffe2\uff80\uff93crop rotation cycle. An experiment was conducted from 1995 to 1998 (seven cropping seasons) on two farms in western Kenya, an area subject to a bimodal annual rainfall pattern. The aim was to compare the effect of a single-season sesbania fallow with continuous annual cropping with and without phosphorus fertilizer, on a P-deficient soil. Phosphorus was applied at a rate of 500 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in a single application to meet the phosphorus needs of subsequent crops for the next five to ten years. Sesbania was established simultaneously with maize by direct seeding in the first rainy season of 1995 and allowed to grow as a pure fallow through the second rainy season. Following the harvest of this fallow crop, sole maize in the first post-fallow season and maize-bean intercrops in the subsequent four seasons were grown with and without nitrogen at a rate of 100 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Added phosphorus on average increased maize yields by 3.7 times over the control, indicating that phosphorus fertilizer is essential for good yields. The amount of phosphorus recycled by sesbania fallow was inadequate to meet the crop needs in P-deficient soils. While continuously cropped maize in the presence of phosphorus responded to nitrogen in all seasons, the crop following sesbania responded only from the third season. In the first post-fallow season, sesbania increased maize grain yields over continuous maize by 1.4 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with phosphorus fertilizer and by 1.3 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 without phosphorus fertilizer. The residual effect of sesbania with phosphorus fertilizer lasted for two seasons, while without phosphorus it lasted for only one. In these Kenyan highlands, farmers who can afford fertilizer should buy phosphorus fertilizer and rely for nitrogen on planted fallow with species such as sesbania grown for one season every two years. For farmers who cannot afford fertilizer, one-season fallow every year may be more attractive because of labour savings and the firewood produced by sesbania.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. R. Rao, B. Jama, S. Radersma, P. C. Smithson, E. Gacheru, M. N. Mathuva,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479702000273"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479702000273", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479702000273", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479702000273"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-03-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479700024443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-03", "title": "The Impact Of Cashew (Anacardium-Occidentale) On Forest Soil", "description": "SUMMARY<p>The impact of a 20-year-old cashew plantation on a forest soil was evaluated by comparing the properties of soil under cashew with that under an adjoining logged rain forest. The levels of organic carbon, nitrogen, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, and available phosphorus were similar under logged forest and cashew, suggesting that organic matter and nutrient cycles in a cashew plantation are similar to those in a logged rain forest and that cashew has no significant adverse effect on soil organic matter and nutrient status.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. A. Ishola, A. O. Aweto,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700024443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479700024443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479700024443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479700024443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970200042x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-16", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Methods On Wheat Yield And Yield Components In Continuous Wheat Cropping", "description": "<p>A three-year field experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of tillage methods on grain yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in continuous cropping. The experiment was conducted on a Ramjerd, fine, mixed, mesic, typic Calcixerepts soil. Wheat was sown: (1) after burning residues followed by conventional tillage, (2) after complete residue removal followed by conventional tillage, (3) after soil incorporation of residues followed by conventional tillage, (4) into untilled residues, (5) using chisel seeder after field irrigation, (6) using chisel seeder plus herbicide application, and (7) after disking. Residue burning and removal increased spikes per square metre, grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index compared with other treatments. This was due primarily to weed interference and lack of uniform crop establishment in the presence of residues. Reduced tillage methods retained more residues on the soil surface, which provided unsuitable conditions for crop emergence and growth. The incorporation of residues led to a build up of carbon in the soil, with lower grain yields compared with residue burning and removal, but these yields were higher than those of chisel-seeded plots.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970200042x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970200042x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970200042x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970200042x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-08-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479704001826", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-28", "title": "Subsoil Nitrogen Dynamics As Affected By Planted Coppicing Tree Legume Fallows In Eastern Zambia", "description": "<p>Nitrogen (N) is a major nutrient that limits crop production in southern Africa. We hypothesized that coppicing tree legumes, which are integrated in cropping systems, would intercept leaching nutrients and could also increase topsoil N in nutrient-depleted soils. This hypothesis was verified in three ongoing experiments at Msekera (experiments 1 and 2) and Kagoro (experiment 3) in Zambia. Planted tree fallows of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia angustisma, and Sesbania sesban were compared with natural fallows and with continuous maize cropping with or without fertilizer (no-tree) controls. Top and subsoil samples were taken in the tree treatments and in the no-tree controls to establish short and long-term tree effects on soil N dynamics. 15N was introduced at various soil depths down to 2 m to determine the vertical root-reach of coppicing trees. Samples taken on two different dates showed that planted trees are capable of capturing subsoil N. The amounts retrieved by trees in experiment 2 did not vary with depth or dates except for A. angustisma which retrieved more N from the top 0.20 m than from the subsoil. L. leucocephala and G. sepium had similar characteristics in terms of coppice biomass production and N content, and both species rooted to at least 2 m. G. sepium in a mixture with S. sesban, retrieved more applied N than when planted alone, implying that mixed fallows may be effective in resource capture. There was more inorganic-N in the topsoil of coppiced fallows was significantly higher than in unfertilized maize plots. Subsoil N accumulation was evident under fertilized maize plots. There was less subsoil nitrate-N beneath planted trees than beneath mono-cropped maize plots indicating that trees probably retrieved subsoil N. Maize yields subsequent to coppicing tree fallows were at least 170% higher than unfertilized controls indicating improved soil fertility status in the tree systems.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T. S. Chirwa, Paramu L. Mafongoya, M. Mwale, R. Chintu, J. Matibini,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479704001826"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479704001826", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479704001826", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479704001826"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s001447970400211x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-14", "title": "Incorporating Short-Season Legumes And Green Manure Crops Into Maize-Based Systems In The Moist Guinea Savanna Of West Africa", "description": "<p>A three-year trial was conducted on a degraded soil in the moist Guinea savanna of northern Nigeria to assess the possibility of improving productivity and economic viability of maize-based systems by incorporating short-season legumes and green manure crops into the cropping pattern. Treatments included double cropping legume-maize systems, full-season sole maize receiving various amounts of nitrogen, green manure crop mucuna (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis) followed by sole maize and a legume-maize system receiving additional rice mill waste. In comparison with full-season maize, the use of early-season cowpea followed by maize improved productivity as well as economic returns of the cropping system, while the use of mucuna, grown as an early-season crop or full-season crop, resulted in poor overall productivity of the system. The addition of rice mill waste as a soil amendment in cowpea\uffe2\uff80\uff93maize systems stimulated maize yields and rice mill waste can form a cheap source of organic inputs for farmers living nearby rice mills. Given the limited growing season of the northern Guinea savanna, it is concluded that timing of field operations is crucial for the successful application of double cropping systems. In addition, high labour requirements are a serious constraint for wide-scale adoption of double cropping systems by small-scale farmers, stressing the need to reduce soil cultivation operations, for example by maintaining a uniform ridge distance for all crops in the rotation.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "green manures", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "cropping patterns", "15. Life on land", "maize", "cowpeas", "nigeria"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Franke, A., Schulz, S., Oyewole, B., Bako, S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s001447970400211x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s001447970400211x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s001447970400211x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s001447970400211x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479704001838", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-28", "title": "Propagation And Management Of Gliricidia Sepium Planted Fallows In Sub-Humid Eastern Zambia", "description": "<p>Gliricidia sepium features prominently as a soil replenishment tree in planted coppicing fallows in eastern Zambia. Its usual method of propagation, through nurseryseedlings, is costly and may possibly hinder wider on-farm adoption. We compared fallows propagated by potted and bare root seedlings, direct seeding and stem cuttings, in terms of tree coppice biomass production, soil inorganic N availability and post-fallow maize yields under semi-arid conditions. We hypothesized that cutting fallows initially in May (off-season) would increase subsequent seasonal coppice biomass production as opposed to cutting them in November (at cropping). The tree survival and biomass order after two years was: potted = bare root &gt; direct &gt; cuttings. The post-fallow maize productivity sequence was: fertilized maize = potted = bare root &gt; direct &gt; cuttings = no-tree unfertilized controls, across seasons. However, farmers may prefer directly seeded fallows owing to their cost effectiveness. Soil inorganic N and maize yield were significantly higher in May-cut than in November-cut fallows. Preseason topsoil inorganic N and biomass N input correlated highly with maize yields. This implies that bothparameters may be used to predict post-fallow crop yields.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R. Chintu, Elias Kuntashula, T. S. Chirwa, Paramu L. Mafongoya, J. Matibini, D. Phiri,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479704001838"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479704001838", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479704001838", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479704001838"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479707005303", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-08", "title": "Long-Term Yield Sustainability And Financial Returns From Grain Legume\u2013Maize Intercrops On A Sandy Soil In Subhumid North Central Zimbabwe", "description": "<p>To measure the yield and financial returns from five grain legume\uffe2\uff80\uff93maize intercrop combinations over 12 years of cropping, a field experiment was conducted on a loamy sand soil in the subhumid unimodal rainfall environment of Domboshava in north-central Zimbabwe. Inputs and management followed smallholder practice, including partial grazing of crop residues and a zero mineral fertilizer treatment. The intercropped legumes grew moderately well most years. Cowpea averaged the highest grain yield (0.244 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and haulm yield (1.54 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) over the 12 years, followed by pigeonpea and sugar bean. Intercropped pigeonpea yield was the least variable of the legumes over the years. Maize grain yield was highly variable across years with or without fertilizer and was reduced in years of low (533 mm) and high (1313 mm) rainfall. The pigeonpea\uffe2\uff80\uff93maize intercrop grown without fertilizer produced 0.11 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (6.25 %) more maize grain yield per year than sole crop maize, in addition to pigeonpea grain and haulms. Intercropped cowpea (which yielded more than double the above-ground non-grain biomass of pigeonpea) had less effect on maize grain yield. There was no trend to greater benefits from the legumes on maize yield after more years of intercropping. Net present values of annual margins accumulated over the 12 years for sole maize with fertilizer (US$1719 ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and without fertilizer (US$935 ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) were higher than the fertilized and unfertilized intercropping options (US$1017 and US$745 ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Pigeonpea or cowpea\uffe2\uff80\uff93unfertilized maize generated more financial returns than the other intercrops, but the low yields and high labour costs for the legumes made the intercrops financially unattractive. We conclude that regularly intercropped pigeonpea or cowpea can to a small extent help to maintain maize yield when maize is grown without mineral fertilizer on sandy soils in sub humid zones of Zimbabwe, and simultaneously provide some nutritious food, but that financial considerations will encourage smallholder farmers to persist with growing low input sole crop maize.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Stephen R. Waddington, Mulugetta Mekuria, Shephard Siziba, J. Karigwindi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479707005303"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479707005303", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479707005303", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479707005303"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Re&offset=5550&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Re&offset=5550&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Re&offset=5500", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Re&offset=5600", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 20350, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-05T04:59:45.892749Z"}