{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-27", "title": "Cover Crops Enhance Soil Organic Matter, Carbon Dynamics And Microbiological Function In A Vineyard Agroecosystem", "description": "Abstract   Impacts of soil tillage and cover crops on soil carbon (C) dynamics and microbiological function were investigated in a vineyard grown in California's mediterranean climate. We (1) compared soil organic matter (SOM), C dynamics and microbiological activity of two cover crops [Trios 102 (Triticale\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0Triosecale) (\u2018Trios\u2019), Merced Rye (Secale cereale) (\u2018Rye\u2019)] with cultivation (\u2018Cultivation\u2019) and (2) evaluated seasonal effects of soil temperature, water content, and precipitation on soil C dynamics (0\u201315\u00a0cm depth). From treatments established in November 2001, soils were sampled every 2\u20133 weeks from November 2005 to November 2006. Gravimetric water content (GWC) reflected winter and spring rainfall. Soil temperature did not differ among treatments, reflecting typical seasonal patterns. Few differences in C dynamics between cover crops existed, but microbial biomass C (MBC), dissolved organic C (DOC), and carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux in \u2018Trios\u2019 and \u2018Rye\u2019 were consistently 1.5\u20134-fold greater than \u2018Cultivation\u2019. Cover crops were more effective at adding soil C than \u2018Cultivation\u2019. Seasonal patterns in DOC, and CO2 efflux reflected changes in soil water content, but MBC displayed no temporal response. Decreases in DOC and potential microbial respiration (RESPmic) (i.e., microbially available C) also corresponded to or were preceded by increases in CO2 efflux, suggesting that DOC provided C for microbial respiration. Despite similar MBC, DOC, RESPmic, annual CO2 efflux and aboveground C content between the two cover crops, greater aboveground net primary productivity and SOM in \u2018Trios\u2019 indicated that \u2018Trios\u2019 provided more soil C than \u2018Rye\u2019.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kerri L. Steenwerth, K.M. Belina,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-07", "title": "Responses To N And P Fertilization In A Young Eucalyptus Dunnii Plantation: Microbial Properties, Enzyme Activities And Dissolved Organic Matter", "description": "The short-term effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application on soil microbial properties, dissolved organic matter and enzyme activity were examined in a young Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden plantation at Huitong county, southern China. The objectives of the study were to understand how N and P addition impacts microbial activity and dissolved organic matter in subtropical plantation forest ecosystems. Treatments in this study included 100 kg N ha(-1) (N1), 200 kg N ha(-1) (N2),75 kg P ha(-1) (P1), 150 kg P ha(-1) (P2) and the control without any fertilizer application (CK). N application significantly increased soil microbial biomass N, mineralized N, dissolved organic N, and invertase, urease and acid phosphatase activities, but decreased microbial biomass carbon (C) and P, basal respiration, metabolic quotient and dissolved organic P in comparison with the control. P application decreased microbial biomass N, mineralized N, urease and acid phosphatase activities, whereas it increased dissolved organic P, microbial biomass P and metabolic quotient. We conclude that the influences of N and P addition on microbial activity, soil enzyme activities and dissolved organic matter were different in the studied E. dunnii plantation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liu Yuwan, Shuanghua Wang, Qingkui Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-16", "title": "Evaluation Of Soil Microbial Indices Along A Revegetation Chronosequence In Grassland Soils On The Loess Plateau, Northwest China", "description": "Abstract   There is a growing interest in using soil microbial parameters as indicators of soil quality changes after revegetation of disturbed soils. This study investigated the changes in different soil microbial parameters as well as physico-chemical parameters as affected by vegetation rehabilitation of soil in the Loess plateau of China subjected to natural succession after enclosure. The results showed that the soil nutrients tend to be concentrated in the soil surface layer, especially the soil organic C, total N and alkali extractable N with soil organic C being doubled (up to 20\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121) after 50 years of revegetation. Soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass C (Cmic) and N (Nmic) increased with rehabilitation time up to 23 years. After 23 years, soil Cmic and Nmic and enzyme activities remained stable. Enzyme activities increased rapidly during the early stage of revegetation, about 15\u201320 years after enclosure. Soil Cmic and Nmic also increased about 20% faster up to 23 years since enclosure in the 0\u201320-cm soil layer. Soil basal respiration (BR) in the 23 years site was higher than in other sites, indicating high microbial activity in this site. These findings demonstrated significant impacts of natural vegetation succession in overgrazed grassland on the properties of the surface soils, including the soil nutrients, organic matter, soil microbial biomass, respiration, and enzyme activities.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fenli Zheng, Fenli Zheng, Yimei Huang, Shaoshan An,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-24", "title": "Biochemical Properties And Barley Yield In A Semiarid Mediterranean Soil Amended With Two Kinds Of Sewage Sludge", "description": "Abstract   Recycling sewage sludges as soil organic amendment and as a source of macro- and micronutrients represents a promising agricultural practice, especially in Mediterranean areas, where soils commonly exhibit low organic matter contents. However, this organic waste must be treated to avoid potential hazardous effects over the soil or the plants. For this aim, there are different treatments, some of them of contrasted feasibility, such as composting. However, the implementation of recent technologies, like thermal-drying, allows obtaining in less time a final product with exceptional handling conditions. This modern treatment has been introduced in an increasing number of wastewater treatment plants during the last years. Nevertheless, the effects of thermally dried sewage sludge on soil biota and crop yields have not been widely studied to date. In this work, composted and thermally dried sewage sludges were applied to a cropped soil over a three-year period, with different frequencies (single or yearly applications) and at two rates (20 and 80\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121), to investigate and compare their cumulative and residual effects on the yield of barley and on chemical, biological and biochemical soil properties. In the cumulative experiment high doses of both sewage sludges caused an increase of the total organic C contents but also a significant decrease in crop yield, as well as in enzyme activities and microbial biomass C contents. In contrast, cumulative applications of both types of sewage sludge at low doses showed, in general, better barley yield parameters as well as significantly higher microbial biomass C contents, particularly for the composted one. The best results for barley yield were obtained in soils amended once with sewage sludge, particularly for those amended with the composted sewage sludge. These results may be attributed to a possible deleterious effect over soil properties derived from the use of excessive doses. Besides, the results stood out the benefits derived from the application to soil of the composted sewage sludge, which presented a much more mature and stable organic matter than the thermally dried sewage sludge.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-10", "title": "Soil Organic Matter And Microbial Community Structure In Set-Aside And Intensively Managed Arable Soils In Ne-Saxony, Germany", "description": "Abstract   The effects of set-aside and intensive management of agricultural soils on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation rates (gross and net rates), microbial biomass (chloroform-fumigation extraction method) and microbial community structure (phospholipid fatty acid analysis, PLFA) were assessed during one growing season (June and September). A former arable soil which has been set-aside as fallow with natural succession vegetation (\u201cfallow land\u201d) was compared to a soil under intensive agricultural management (\u201cintensive\u201d) with site conditions typical of NE-Saxony, Germany. The soil type was a sandy Cambisol. Six years of intensive agricultural management significantly decreased SOC and TN contents as well as pH and increased NO 3 -N contents in the topsoil (0\u201310\u00a0cm) compared to fallow soil. As indicated by higher gross N mineralisation rates, the potential to deliver N increased during the fallow period. However, the substrate use efficiency of microorganisms and the turnover of the microbial biomass were higher in the intensively managed soil. Independent of management system SOC mineralisation, net N mineralisation, gross NH 4  consumption and gross NO 3  transformation rates increased with increasing water content from June to September. Principal component analysis of PLFA data indicated differences in the microbial community composition between the sites. However, in total the soil microbial community was more stable against land-use changes than against seasonal changes. The PLFA profiles of both sites changed into the same direction from June to September. Only the relative abundances of PLFA marker characteristic of Gram \u2212  bacteria and fungi showed a site\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0time interaction as did the MBC/MBN ratio and the MBN content. In total, the influence of land-use on most examined parameters of the sandy Cambisol was less pronounced than seasonal changes. Therefore, set-aside and taking set-aside land back into intensive agricultural production seem to be a reasonable management practice for sites on sandy Cambisols in NE-Saxony, Germany.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-08", "title": "Emission Of Nitrous Oxide From Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil Amended With Waste Water Sludge And Earthworms", "description": "Abstract   Soils in Mexico are often contaminated with hydrocarbons and addition of waste water sludge and earthworms accelerates their removal. However, little is known how contamination and subsequent bioremediation affects emissions of N2O and CO2. A laboratory study was done to investigate the effect of waste water sludge and the earthworm Eisenia fetida on emission of N2O and CO2 in a sandy loam soil contaminated with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): phenanthrene, anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene. Emissions of N2O and CO2, and concentrations of inorganic N (ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2\u2212) nitrate (NO3\u2212)) were monitored after 0, 5, 24, 72 and 168\u00a0h. Adding E. fetida to the PAHs contaminated soil increased CO2 production rate significantly 2.0 times independent of the addition of sludge. The N2O emission rate from unamended soil expressed on a daily base was 5\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 for the first 2\u00a0h and increased to a maximum of 325\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 48\u00a0h and then decreased to 10\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 168\u00a0h. Addition of PAHs, E. fetida or PAHs\u00a0+\u00a0E. fetida had no significant effect on the N2O emission rate. Adding sludge to the soil sharply increased the N2O emission rate to >400\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 for the entire incubation with a maximum of 1134\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 48\u00a0h. Addition of E. fetida, PAHs or PAHs\u00a0+\u00a0E. fetida to the sludge-amended soil reduced the N2O emission rate significantly compared to soil amended with sludge after 24\u00a0h. It was found that contaminating soil with PAHs and adding earthworms had no effect on emissions of N2O. Emission of N2O, however, increased in sludge-amended soil, but addition of earthworms to this soil and contamination reduced it.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-02", "title": "Soil Enzymes, Nematode Community And Selected Physico-Chemical Properties As Soil Quality Indicators In Organic And Conventional Olive Oil Farming: Influence Of Seasonality And Site Features", "description": "Abstract   There is growing interest in the application of soil enzymes and nematode community indices as indicators of changes in soil quality under contrasting management practices. Although an abundant literature on this subject has arisen during the last 10 years, most of the studies have focused on measuring many soil quality indicators at a single or a few sampling times. However, soil enzyme activities show a natural temporal variability which could mask the variability due to the type and timing of soil management practices. In this study, we compared soil enzymes, nematode communities and physical\u2013chemical soil properties in three pairs of organic and neighbouring conventional olive orchards. Dehydrogenase, \u03b2-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, acid and alkaline phosphatases activities, and potential nitrification were studied during an annual cycle, and variability due to sites, replicates within a site, management practices and seasonality has been accounted for. In addition, several nematode community indicators were also studied on one occasion. The geometric mean of enzymes activities (GMea), used as an integrating soil quality index, was validated through an independently performed principal component analysis (PCA). Seasonal variability of individual soil enzymes ranged from 29 to 71%, without a consistent temporal trend. Management system explained, on average, a maximum of 26.3 and 15% of the variability found for soil enzymes and nematode community indicators, respectively. Most of the variability found in both sets of indicators was due to different localities (up to 58 and 45% for soil enzyme and nematode community indicators, respectively) and replicates within a plot (up to 51 and 86%, respectively). Organic management resulted in significantly higher soil enzyme activities. However, differences were dependent on site and sampling. For nematode community indicators, the organic farms showed higher values only for one site. These results reveal the need for extensive comparative assessments to draw clear conclusions on the improvement of soil quality under sustainable management practices. The GMea was significantly higher in organic than in conventional managed plots, independently of the sampling and, moreover, showed significant correlation with the first axis of the PCA. In addition, the GMea, and scores on the first axis were highly correlated with some of the nematode indices. Therefore, the GMea was a suitable tool to condense the whole set of soil enzyme values in a single informative numerical value, which was more sensitive to management practices than nematode community indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-30", "title": "Soil Priming By Sugar And Leaf-Litter Substrates: A Link To Microbial Groups", "description": "The impact of elevated CO2 on leaf-litter and root exudate production may alter soil carbon storage capacities for the future. In particular when so-called \u2018priming effects\u2019, the counterintuitive loss of soil carbon following input of organic carbon substrates, are taken into consideration. Here we investigate the dynamics of priming effects and ask whether the source of primed carbon is microbial biomass or soil organic matter and whether specific microbial groups, as identified by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers, may be important in causing them. We measured \u03b413C within soil CO2 efflux and PLFA biomarkers following C3 soil priming effects caused by additions of C4 sugar-cane sucrose and maize (Zea mays L.) leaf-litter chopped and ground. All additions caused an initial pulse of priming effect CO2 and a later pulse of substrate-derived CO2, showing that priming effects can be induced rapidly following changes in substrate supply. Priming effects persisted over 32 days and led to a loss of soil carbon, with an increase in soil carbon decomposition of 169% following sucrose addition, 44% following chopped maize and 67% following ground maize additions. An increased concentration of soil-derived carbon within specific PLFA biomarkers provided evidence that a source of the primed carbon was soil organic matter. Certain Gram negative bacteria, identified by PLFA biomarkers (16:1\u03c95, 16:1\u03c97), showed increased uptake of soil carbon for both sucrose and maize treatments and may be directly linked to priming effects. Our study provides evidence that substrate carbon inputs to soil induce rapid changes in specific microbial groups, which in turn increase soil carbon metabolism.", "keywords": ["priming effect", "2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "leaf-litter", "13. Climate action", "PLFA", "stable isotopes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil carbon", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nottingham, Andrew T., Griffiths, Howard, Chamberlain, Paul M., Stott, Andrew W., Tanner, Edmund V. J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-22", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Community Structure Following The Abandonment Of Agricultural Terraces In Mountainous Areas Of Eastern Spain", "description": "In Eastern Spain, almond trees have been cultivated in terraced orchards for centuries, forming an integral part of the Mediterranean forest scene. In the last decades, orchards have been abandoned due to changes in society. This study investigates effects of changes in land use from forest to agricultural land and the posterior land abandonment on soil microbial community, and the influence of soil physico-chemical properties on the microbial community composition (assessed as abundances of phospholipids fatty acids, PLFA). For this purpose, three land uses (forest, agricultural and abandoned agricultural) at four locations in SE Spain were selected. Multivariate analysis showed a substantial level of differentiation in microbial community structure according to land use. The microbial communities of forest soils were highly associated with soil organic matter content. However, we have not found any physical or chemical soil property capable of explaining the differences between agricultural and abandoned agricultural soils. Thus, it was suggested that the cessation of the perturbation caused by agriculture and shifts in vegetation may have led to changes in the microbial community structure. PLFAs indicative of fungi and ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs were higher in abandoned agricultural soils, whereas the relative abundance of bacteria was higher in agricultural soils. Actinomycetes were generally lower in abandoned agricultural soils, while the proportions of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi were, as a general trend, higher in agricultural and abandoned agricultural soils than in forests. Total microbial biomass and richness increased as agricultural < abandoned agricultural < forest soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-19", "title": "Cover Crops Under Different Managements Vs. Frequent Tillage In Almond Orchards In Semiarid Conditions: Effects On Soil Quality", "description": "Abstract   Frequent tillage has been widely used in rainfed orchards in SE Spain in order to impede weed establishment and to increase water reposition in the soil profile. However, this practice may lead to soil degradation by decreasing structural stability, organic carbon content and microbial activity. This work examines the effect of different cover crop managements and frequent tillage on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in almond orchards in SE Spain. Two cover crops (oat \u2013  Avena sativa  L. and oat-vetch \u2013  Vicia sativa  L.) with two fertilization managements (mineral and organic) and three harvesting regimes (grazing in mid May, hay in early June, and grain-straw in mid July) were compared to a frequently tilled orchard system (three or four tillages per year). Most parameters were sensitive to soil management. Wet aggregate stability, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen ratio, phosphatase, and \u03b2-glucosidase activities increased with cover crops, whereas the soil\u2013water content declined, especially for the grain-straw treatment. The kind of fertilizer affected the available P content, which was higher for mineral fertilizer, and influenced the \u03b2-glucosidase activity, which augmented for the organic fertilizer. Livestock dejections depressed phosphatase activity, and increased WSC and available P.  This study suggests that cover crops in semiarid environments improve soil quality compared to frequently tilled management, by increasing the organic matter content, improving the chemical and physical fertility of the soil, and enhancing the soil biological activity. Only higher water extraction by the plants could affect the orchard development and/or productivity; however, early cover crop removal would minimize possible yield losses.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-17", "title": "Comparison Of Organic And Conventional Stockless Arable Systems: A Multidisciplinary Approach To Soil Quality Evaluation", "description": "Abstract   Soil quality in Mediterranean conventional and organic stockless arable systems was assessed by a multidisciplinary approach. At the end of the first cycle of a 5-year crop rotation (2002\u20132006) in the Mediterranean Arable Systems Comparison Trial (MASCOT) long-term experiment, the effects of organic and conventional management systems were evaluated by using soil chemical, biochemical and biological parameters. Chemical and biochemical parameters linked to soil C cycle, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and microarthropod communities were analysed according to a comparative approach. Results suggested a higher soil carbon sequestration in the organic respect to the conventional system, as shown by the values of total organic C (9.5 and 7.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 , for organic and conventional system, respectively) and potentially mineralisable C (277 and 254\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121 , for organic and conventional system, respectively). AMF population, AMF root colonisation and diversity of microarthropod population were slightly influenced by management system. On the other hand, mites/collembolans ratio was higher in conventionally than in organically managed soil (2.67 and 1.30, respectively), indicating as organic managed soils were more disturbed than conventional ones, probably as the consequence of the more frequent soil tillage performed for mechanical weeds control.  The overall results demonstrated that, even in the short-term, the implementation of organically managed stockless systems in Mediterranean areas determined significant changes of some attributes for soil quality evaluation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "organic farming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-19", "title": "Response Of Microbial Characteristics To Heavy Metal Pollution Of Mining Soils In Central Tibet, China", "description": "Abstract   Soil microbial activity plays a crucial role in soil microbiological processes, which can be used as a useful indicator to determine the ecological effects of heavy metal pollution on soils. The objective was to determine the effects of heavy metal pollution on mining soils at the Lawu mine of central Tibet, China on soil enzyme activities (sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase), microbial biomass C, N and P (MBC, MBN, and MBP), basal respiration, metabolic quotients, and N mineralization. Sixteen soil samples around the mine were sampled, and one soil sample, 2\u00a0km from the mine center, was taken as the control. Compared to the control, mining soils were polluted by heavy metals, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, resulting in decreases of sucrase activities, urease activities, acid phosphatase activities, MBC, MBN, MBP, and N mineralization, and increases of basal respiration and qCO 2 . Multivariate analysis (cluster analysis [CA], principle component analysis [PCA] and canonical correlation analysis [CCA]) indicated nine microbial variables were only reduced to one principal component explaining 72% of the original variances, and MBC ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.93) had the highest positive loadings on the principal component. Mining soils polluted by heavy metals were perfectly clustered into four groups, which were highly distinguished by MBC. There were significant canonical correlations between soil heavy metals and microbial indexes on two canonical variates (R1\u00a0=\u00a00.99,  p  p", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-22", "title": "Effect Of The Endogeic Earthworm Pontoscolex Corethrurus On The Microbial Structure And Activity Related To Co2 And N2o Fluxes From A Tropical Soil (Madagascar)", "description": "Abstract   The objective of this laboratory study was to determine the influence of a tropical endogeic earthworm,  Pontoscolex corethrurus , on CO 2  and N 2 O fluxes from a tropical Ferralsol and microorganisms potentially involved in these gases emissions. CO 2  and N 2 O fluxes were measured during 35 days from soil mesocosms with and without earthworms. At the end of the incubation, 7% of soil was egested as cast in the earthworm treatment. Then, casts which may be aged from few hours to 35 days old were isolated from non-ingested soil. Different descriptive parameters (activity, density, and structure) of the microbial communities were investigated in the control, the non-ingested soils, and the casts. Quantitative PCR of denitrification genes encoding the nitrite ( nirK ) and nitrous oxide ( nosZ ) reductases was used to study denitrifier density in the earthworm casts. The presence of  P. corethrurus  induced a significant increase in CO 2  emissions but did not affect N 2 O fluxes when measured at mesocosm level. Despite the absence of significant differences in C and N contents between soils and casts, the near infra-red spectra analysis clearly underlined a specific organic signature for the casts. Fungal and bacterial biomass significantly decreased (\u223c2-fold) in casts compared to parent soil, but the fungal-to-bacterial ratio was not modified by the earthworm casting activity. Data suggested that bacterial communities, especially denitrifiers, were modified in casts. The relative abundance of  nirK  and  nosZ  genes increased in the casts while the genetic structures of total bacteria and denitrifying communities were slightly modified in the casts. This study highlighted the importance of earthworm casts as a specific soil habitat where a subset of soil functional bacterial communities (such as denitrifiers) found favourable condition for their growth. However the effect of  P. corethrurus  was less evident when up-scaling from casts to mesocosm level.", "keywords": ["Pontoscolex corethrurus", "Quantitative PCR", "Denitrification genes", "Madagascar", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microbial activity potentials", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "FAME", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-31", "title": "Soil Microbial Quality Associated With Yield Reduction In Continuous-Pea", "description": "Abstract   The negative impact of continuous production on soil productivity has been demonstrated but is not well understood. The impacts of continuous-pea on soil health and functioning, as compared to pea\u2013wheat rotation, were assessed as part of an 11-year study conducted on a thin Black Chernozemic soil to understand how crop rotation affects soil microbial communities, nutrient availability, and pea nutrition and productivity. Soil and plants from the field pea phase of the rotations receiving one of three nitrogen treatments (0, 20, 40\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121) were sampled three times during the growing season of 2005. Reduction in pea plant productivity in the continuous-pea system seemed attributable to multiple causes. In continuous-pea, tissue N and P concentrations were reduced by over 10%, and tissue Fe and Mn concentrations were increased 2- and 1.7-fold, respectively. High tissue micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) concentration was related with the abundance of the Gram negative bacteria phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarker 2OH-14:0. In the continuous-pea rotation, the soil microbial community was smaller, the abundance of beneficial Gram positive bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was reduced as indicated by phospholipids fatty acid biomarkers, and the percentage of AM root colonization was lower. These differences in soil microbial biodiversity could be related with increased susceptibility of continuous-pea to root rot injury, as continuous-pea root abundance was reduced 2-fold as compared to pea\u2013wheat rotation. Fusarium root rot was more severe in the continuous-pea than pea\u2013wheat rotation (assessed in 2001 and 2008). Depressed soil organic carbon level, and dehydrogenase, phosphatase and urease activity in continuous-pea, revealed a negative impact of continuous-pea on nutrient cycling. Greater residual NO3 level in the soil profile indicated inefficient use of N and increased risk of N leaching with continuous-pea.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.09.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-14", "title": "Organic Carbon In Soil Physical Fractions Under Different-Aged Plantations Of Mongolian Pine In Semi-Arid Region Of Northeast China", "description": "In order to understand the changes of surface soil carbon (C) storage following the afforestation of sandy grasslands, we used physical fractionation procedures to quantify C concentrations and sucrase enzyme activity in bulk soil and different particle fractions along two replicate chronosequences of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) plantations in the southeastern Keerqin Sand Lands, Northeast China. Carbon concentration in bulk topsoil (0-15 cm) initially decreased following afforestation of grassland and subsequently increased as the forest matured. In general, this pattern of C concentration changes was associated with all particle-size fractions (except clays) and both macro- and microaggregates. The patterns of topsoil C were also influenced by wind erosion and deposition, with marked increases in the relative mass of silt and fine sand fractions occurring during forest development. The loss of aggregates immediately following afforestation was counteracted by formation of aggregates as the forests developed, contributing to the stabilization of carbon. To enhance soil C storage during afforestation of sandy soils in such semi-arid regions it is recommended to minimize disruption of grassland vegetation during the planting stage. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "De-Hui Zeng, Fu-Sheng Chen, Fu-Sheng Chen, Timothy J. Fahey, Peng-Fei Liao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.09.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.09.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.09.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.09.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-12", "title": "Soil Microbial Communities And Activities Under Intensive Organic And Conventional Vegetable Farming In West Java, Indonesia", "description": "We compared the effect of organic and conventional farming practices on soil microbial dynamics in West Java, Indonesia. A secondary forest was included to obtain natural reference values. On the organic farms, soil fertility is maintained mainly with composted organic matter in contrast to conventional farmers who combine fresh manure and chemical fertilizers, and typically apply large amounts of pesticides. Parameters measured were dehydrogenase, \u03b2-glucosidase, acid phosphomonoesterase and \u03b2-glucosaminidase activity, microbial biomass C (MBC) and microbial community composition by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. A strong negative impact of intensive chemical fertilizer and pesticide use on soil enzyme activities was demonstrated. Dehydrogenase and \u03b2-glucosidase activities were correlated with soil organic matter content and pH. \u03b2-glucosidase activity under organic management approached that under forest, while MBC and dehydrogenase activity remained higher under forest. The composition of the soil microbial community strongly differed between forest and cultivated soil, a clear difference in composition was also observed between conventional and organic farming. Dehydrogenase activity and C16:1\u03c95c, marker fatty acid for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, appeared to be particularly suited as indicators of the impact of management on soil quality and on the soil microbial community.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-19", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon, Nutrients And Relevant Enzyme Activities In Particle-Size Fractions Under Conservational Versus Traditional Agricultural Management", "description": "Abstract   Micro-scale investigation is helpful for better understanding of the relationships between organic matter, microorganisms and nutrients in soil, and for better interpretation of modifications induced by soil management. The soil particle-size fractions (2000\u2013200, 200\u201363, 63\u20132, and 2\u20130.1\u00a0\u03bcm), contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total N (STN), available P (SAP), dissolved organic C (DOC), light fraction organic C (LOC), microbial biomass N (MBN), basal respiration (SBR), and relevant enzyme activities of C, N and P transformations, such as \u03b2-glucosidase (\u03b2-G), N-acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase (N-G), protease, urease and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (APH) were analyzed to study the effects of 8-year-period conservational (no-till with residue retention) (CAM) versus traditional agricultural management (moldboard plowing without residue retention) (TAM) to a Haplic Cambisol soil in the North China Plain (NCP). Our results showed that CAM significantly enlarged the stocks of SOC, DOC, LOC, STN and SAP in the 0\u201310\u00a0cm layer, increased the contents of SOC, STN and SAP in the sand fractions, and promoted all of the enzyme activities in the bulk soil and all of the four particle-size fractions. Our results suggested that CAM increased the nutrient contents in the sand fractions by both enlarging the content of particulate organic matter and enhancing the activities of enzymes involved in nutrient cycling in these fractions. On the contrary, the contents of SOC and nutrients in the silt and clay fractions were relatively resistant to the conversion from CAM to TAM, indicating the limitation of CAM for stable SOC sequestration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-18", "title": "Material Derived From Hydrothermal Carbonization: Effects On Plant Growth And Arbuscular Mycorrhiza", "description": "Greenhouse gas mitigation options include the production of carbonized materials and their addition to soils for longer term storage. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel way to produce carbonized materials. The goal here was to test if HTC material, in our case derived from beet root chips, has adverse effects on plant growth or that of root associated symbionts such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We carried out several studies, and found that increasing concentrations of HTC material could be deleterious for plant growth of Taraxacum, starting at 10 vol% additions. Conversely, root colonization of the fungal symbiont was stimulated at an addition of 20 vol%. Soil pH changes occurring during the study could be traced to microbial reduction reactions, and these led to a pH increase of the medium despite the quite acidic nature of the HTC material itself. In separate assays, we showed that spore germination of the AM fungus Glomus intraradices was stimulated by the HTC material, suggesting that direct effects on the fungi are likely in addition to those mediated by the host plant. A third experiment with a different plant species (Trifolium repens) confirmed the major conclusions, and showed also neutral to stimulatory effect on nodulation. Our results suggest that HTC materials should be carefully tested and optimized to reduce negative effects on plant growth before applications in the field are undertaken, particularly at high addition rates. \u00a9 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.07.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-26", "title": "Initial Soil Responses To Experimental Warming In Two Contrasting Forest Ecosystems, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China: Nutrient Availabilities, Microbial Properties And Enzyme Activities", "description": "Abstract   In order to understand the effects of projected global warming on soils in different land-use types, we compared the impacts of warming on soils in two contrasting forest ecosystems (a dragon spruce plantation and a natural forest) using the open-top chamber (OTC) method in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau of China. The OTC on average enhanced daily mean soil temperatures by 0.61\u00a0\u00b0C (plantation) and by 0.55\u00a0\u00b0C (natural forest) throughout the growing season, respectively. Conversely, soil volumetric moisture declined by 4.10% in the plantation and by 2.55% in the natural forest, respectively. Warming did not affect dissolved organic C (DOC) and N (DON) in the plantation but significantly increased them in the natural forest. Elevated temperature significantly increased net N mineralization rates and extractable inorganic N pools in both sites. Warming had no effects on microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) and their ratios (MBC/MBN) in the plantation and significantly increased MBC and MBN only late in the growing season in the natural forest. Warming did not affect basal respiration in the plantation but significantly increased it in the natural forest. No clear change was observed in metabolic quotient between warming regimes for both forest types. Experimental warming tended to increase invertase and urease in both forest soils. Measured pools related to N turnover generally showed significant interactions in warming, forest type and sampling date. Taken together, our results indicate that responses of soils to experimental warming depend strongly on forest managements and seasons.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pei Xiong, Rong Hu, Chuan Wan, Gang Cao, Qing Liu, Zhenfeng Xu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.07.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.07.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.07.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.07.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-13", "title": "Influences Of Non-Herbaceous Biochar On Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Abundances In Roots And Soils: Results From Growth-Chamber And Field Experiments", "description": "Biochar holds promise as an amendment for soil quality improvement and sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, knowledge of how biochar influences soil properties, especially soil microor- ganisms, is limited. Three separate studies were conducted, with two studies using Plantago lanceolata as the AMF hosting plant, and a third being conducted in the field. Each of the three studies employed a different soil type. Furthermore, a total of five different biochars, and ten different biochar application rates, were used across the three experiments. All experiments had the goal to examine biochar influ- ences on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) abundance in roots and AMF abundance (hyphal lengths) in soils. AMF abundance was either decreased or remained unchanged across all biochar treatments. When AMF abundances decreased, significant changes in soil properties, primarily in soil P availability, were observed. Application of large quantities (2.0% and 4.0%, w/w) of a lodgepole pine biochar, led to significant declines in AMF abundance in roots of 58% and 73% respectively, but not in soils. These declines in AMF abundance were accompanied by significant declines (28% and 34%) in soil P availability. After addition of a peanut shell biochar produced at 360 \u25e6C, P increased by 101% while AMF root coloniza- tion and extraradical hyphal lengths deceased by 74% and 95% respectively. Field application of mango wood biochar at rates of 23.2 and 116. 1tCh a\u22121 increased P availabilities by 163% and 208% respectively and decreased AMF abundances in soils by 43% and 77%. These findings may have implications for soil management where the goal is to increase the services provided by AMF.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-09", "title": "Influence Of Mouldboard Plough And Rotary Harrow Tillage On Microbial Biomass And Nutrient Stocks In Two Long-Term Experiments On Loess Derived Luvisols", "description": "Abstract   The nutrient-specific effects of tillage on microbial activity (basal respiration), microbial biomass (C, N, P, S) indices and the fungal cell-membrane component ergosterol were examined in two long-term experiments on loess derived Luvisols. A mouldboard plough (30\u00a0cm tillage depth) treatment was compared with a rotary harrow (8\u00a0cm tillage depth) treatment over a period of approximately 40 years. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant 8% increase in the mean stocks of soil organic C, 6% of total N and 4% of total P at 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth compared with the plough treatment, but had no main effect on the stocks of total S. The tillage effects were identical at both sites, but the differences between the sites of the two experiments were usually stronger than those between the two tillage treatments. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant increase in the mean stocks of microbial biomass C (+18%), N (+25%), and P (+32%) and to a significant decrease in the stocks of ergosterol (\u221226%) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth, but had no main effect on the stocks of microbial biomass S or on the mean basal respiration rate. The mean microbial biomass C/N (6.4) and C/P (25) ratios were not affected by the tillage treatments. In contrast, the microbial biomass C/S ratio was significantly increased from 34 to 43 and the ergosterol-to-microbial biomass C ratio significantly decreased from 0.20% to 0.13% in the rotary harrow in comparison with the plough treatment. The microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio varied around 2.1% in the plough treatment and declined from 2.6% at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth to 2.0 at 20\u201330\u00a0cm depth in the rotary harrow treatment. The metabolic quotient qCO2 revealed exactly the inverse relationships with depth and treatment to the microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio. Rotary harrow management caused a reduction in the microbial turnover in combination with an improved microbial substrate use efficiency and a lower contribution of saprotrophic fungi to the soil microbial community. This contrasts the view reported elsewhere and points to the need for more information on tillage-induced shifts within the fungal community in arable soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.02.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-14", "title": "Soil Fertility Management: Impacts On Soil Macrofauna, Soil Aggregation And Soil Organic Matter Allocation", "description": "Maintenance of soil organic matter through integrated soil fertility management is important for soil quality and agricultural productivity, and for the persistence of soil faunal diversity and biomass. Little is known about the interactive effects of soil fertility management and soil macrofauna diversity on soil aggregation and SOM dynamics in tropical arable cropping systems. A study was conducted in a long-term trial at Kabete, Central Kenya, to investigate the effects of organic inputs (maize stover or manure) and inorganic fertilizers on soil macrofauna abundance, biomass and taxonomic diversity, water stable aggregation, whole soil and aggregate-associated organic C and N, as well as the relations between these variables. Differently managed arable systems were compared to a long-term green fallow system representing a relatively undisturbed reference. Fallowing, and application of farm yard manure (FYM) in combination with fertilizer, significantly enhanced earthworm diversity and biomass as well as aggregate stability and C and N pools in the top 15 cm of the soil. Earthworm abundance significantly negatively correlated with the percentage of total macroaggregates and microaggregates within macroaggregates, but all earthworm parameters positively correlated with whole soil and aggregate associated C and N, unlike termite parameters. Factor analysis showed that 35.3% of the total sample variation in aggregation and C and N in total soil and aggregate fractions was explained by earthworm parameters, and 25.5% by termite parameters. Multiple regression analysis confirmed this outcome. The negative correlation between earthworm abundance and total macroaggregates and microaggregates within macroaggregate could be linked to the presence of high numbers of Nematogenia lacuum in the arable treatments without organic amendments, an endogeic species that feeds on excrements of other larger epigeic worms and produces small excrements. Under the conditions studied, differences in earthworm abundance, biomass and diversity were more important drivers of management-induced changes in aggregate stability and soil C and N pools than differences in termite populations. Highlights ? Application of farm yard manure + fertilizer improved aggregate stability and C and N stabilization in soil. ? Application of maize stover did not improve soil aggregation and C and N stabilization. ? Farm yard manure + fertilizer application enhanced earthworm diversity and biomass. ? Higher earthworm diversity and biomass enhanced aggregate and C and N stabilization. ? Earthworms were more important drivers of aggregate and C and N stabilization than termites.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nitrogenous fertilizers", "carbon", "input management", "dynamics", "feeding termite", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "fungus-growing termites", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "physical-properties", "agricultural soils", "microaggregate formation", "earthworm activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.02.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.02.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.02.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.02.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-23", "title": "Microbial Mineralization Of Biochar And Wheat Straw Mixture In Soil: A Short-Term Study", "description": "Abstract   A short-term incubation study was carried out to investigate the effect of biochar addition to soil on CO 2  emissions, microbial biomass, soil soluble carbon (C) nitrogen (N) and nitrate\u2013nitrogen (NO 3 \u2013N). Four soil treatments were investigated: soil only (control); soil\u00a0+\u00a05% biochar; soil\u00a0+\u00a00.5% wheat straw; soil\u00a0+\u00a05% biochar\u00a0+\u00a00.5% wheat straw. The biochar used was obtained from hardwood by pyrolysis at 500\u00a0\u00b0C. Periodic measurements of soil respiration, microbial biomass, soluble organic C, N and NO 3 \u2013N were performed throughout the experiment (84 days). Only 2.8% of the added biochar C was respired, whereas 56% of the added wheat straw C was decomposed. Total net CO 2  emitted by soil respiration suggested that wheat straw had no priming effect on biochar C decomposition. Moreover, wheat straw significantly increased microbial C and N and at the same time decreased soluble organic N. On the other hand, biochar did not influence microbial biomass nor soluble organic N. Thus it is possible to conclude that biochar was a very stable C source and could be an efficient, long-term strategy to sequester C in soils. Moreover, the addition of crop residues together with biochar could actively reduce the soil N leaching potential by means of N immobilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/878126/1/Zavalloni_et_al_2011.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-21", "title": "Model Of Apparent And Real Priming Effects: Linking Microbial Activity With Soil Organic Matter Decomposition", "description": "The most frequently used models simulating soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics are based on first-order kinetics. These models fail to describe and predict such interactions as priming effects (PEs), which are short-term changes in SOM decomposition induced by easily available C or N sources. We hypothesized that if decomposition rate depends not only on size of the SOM pool, but also on microbial biomass and its activity, then PE can be simulated. A simple model that included these interactions and that consisted of three C pools \u2013 SOM, microbial biomass, and easily available C \u2013 was developed. The model was parameterized and evaluated using results of 12C\u2013CO2 and 14C\u2013CO2 efflux after adding 14C-labeled glucose to a loamy Haplic Luvisol. Experimentally measured PE, i.e., changes in SOM decomposition induced by glucose, was compared with simulated PE. The best agreement between measured and simulated CO2 efflux was achieved by considering both the total amount of microbial biomass and its activity. Because it separately described microbial turnover and SOM decomposition, the model successfully simulated apparent and real PE.    The proposed PE model was compared with three alternative approaches with similar complexity but lacking interactions between the pools and neglecting the activity of microbial biomass. The comparison showed that proposed new model best described typical PE dynamics in which the first peak of apparent PE lasted for 1 day and the subsequent real PE gradually increased during 60 days. This sequential decomposition scheme of the new model, with immediate microbial consumption only of soluble substrate, was superior to the parallel decomposition scheme with simultaneous microbial consumption of two substrates with different decomposability. Incorporating microbial activity function in the model improved the fit of simulation results with experimental data, by providing the flexibility necessary to properly describe PE dynamics. We conclude that microbial biomass should be considered in models of C and N dynamics in soil not only as a pool but also as an active driver of C and N turnover.", "keywords": ["Earth sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-31", "title": "Effect Of Texture And Tree Species On Microbial Properties Of Mine Soils", "description": "Reestablishment of soil microbial communities is a prerequisite for successful reclamation of post-mining barrens. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of texture of soil substrate and the planted tree species on microbial properties of mine soils reclaimed for forestry. Soil samples were taken from loamy sands and sands afforested with Scots pine and silver birch either in monocultures or in the mixed stands. The samples were measured for the contents of organic C (Corg), total N (Nt) and pH. The examined microbial properties included basal respiration (RESP), microbial biomass (Cmic), Cmic-to-Corg ratio, activities of dehydrogenase, acid phosphomonoesterase and urease and community level physiological profiles (CLPPs) studied using Biolog\u00ae Ecoplates. The loamy sands had higher pH, contained more Corg, Nt and Cmic and exhibited higher basal respiration and enzyme activities than the sands. However, their Cmic-to-Corg ratio was lower indicating less availability of Corg for soil microbes compared with the sands. The CLPPs in the loamy sands differed from those in the sands although there was no difference in microbial diversity (expressed as Shannon's diversity index) and activity on the Biolog\u00ae plates between the two textural classes. Tree species did not affect Corg, Nt and Corg-to-Nt ratio and had only a weak effect on CLPPs. However, the values of Cmic, RESP, Cmic-to-Corg ratio, dehydrogenase and urease activities were significantly lower under pine compared with the birch and mixed stands. The obtained results suggest that the texture of soil substrate is of higher importance for microbial properties of the studied mine soils than the planted vegetation.", "keywords": ["tree species", "microbial biomass", "enzyme activities", "CLPP", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "mine soils", "soils texture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-15", "title": "Is There A Linear Relationship Between Priming Effect Intensity And The Amount Of Organic Matter Input?", "description": "C-labeling abstract Inputs of fresh organic matter (FOM) are known to affect the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) mineral- ization. SOM mineralization can be accelerated or decelerated by FOM inputs. This phenomenon, known as the Priming effect (PE), may largely influence the carbon (C) storage capacity of soils. However, the link between PE intensity and FOM inputs is not clearly understood. Indeed, almost all the studies about PE used only one FOM amount which is generally largely below the amount of FOM observed in field conditions. In our study, we incubated soil amended with three levels of 13 C-labeled straw as FOM and a control without FOM amendment for 80 days. The three levels used were in the same range as the natural FOM inputs observed on our sampling site. Various levels of mineral nitrogen were added within each level of straw supply so that the final input C:N ratios ranged among 44, 30 and 20. CO2 and i 13 C-CO2 were measured during the experiment allowing us to distinguish the FOM respired CO2 from the SOM respired CO2. We observed that PE intensity did not increase linearly with increasing FOM additions. Moreover, decreasing the input C:N ratios did not systematically affect PE intensity probably because of shifts in the microbial characteristics such as their C:N ratio or their assimilation yields. These results suggest that PE is a saturating function of FOM inputs that is only weakly influenced by initial N availability. Our results may be explained (i) by the existence of a limited SOM pool subject to PE (ii) or by the occurrence of two simultaneous and antagonistic mechanisms: an increase of the total active microbial biomass accel- erating SOM mineralization (i.e. a positive PE) and a preferential substrate utilization of FOM over SOM decreasing SOM mineralization (i.e. a negative PE). Finally, irrespective of the mechanisms implied, our results suggest that the importance of positive PE relatively to the amount of FOM may decrease when FOM inputs increase, which is favorable to carbon sequestration in soils. Indeed, in the case of the lower amount of FOM, the PE corresponded to 6.25% of the total amount of CO2 mineralized at the end of the experiment while, for the higher amount of FOM, the PE corresponded to 5% of the total amount of CO2 mineralized at the end of the experiment.", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Soil organic matter mineralization", "Straw", "(13)C-labeling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "MECHANISMS", "GLUCOSE", "CARBON", "SOIL", "NITROGEN", "MODEL", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Carbon storage", "SUBSTRATE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Priming effect", "MINERALIZATION", "ROOTS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-14", "title": "Denitrification In A Vertisol Under Long-Term Tillage And No-Tillage Management In Dryland Agricultural Systems: Key Genes And Potential Rates", "description": "Open AccessThis work was partly funded by the \u201cCommision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CICYT)\u201d through the project AGL2005-2423 and by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science through the project INIA RTA2006-00058-CO3-01. Dr. Melero thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education for financial support through the \u201cJos\u00e9 Castillejo National Human Resources Mobility Program (I+D+I 2008\u20132011)\u201d and the Spanish CSIC through the contract program \u201cJAE-DOC\u201d.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "NirS", "N2O/N2 ratio", "NosZ", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NirK", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Real-time PCR"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.04.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-07", "title": "Agroforestry And Grass Buffer Effects On Soil Quality Parameters For Grazed Pasture And Row-Crop Systems", "description": "Abstract   Establishment of buffers and incorporation of trees and shrubs are believed to improve soil quality and thereby improve water quality from grazed pasture systems. Although enzyme activities and water stable aggregates have been identified as measurable soil quality parameters for early responses to changes in soil management, the literature lacks information on those parameters for grazing systems with agroforestry buffers. The objective of this study was to examine the activities of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase, dehydrogenase, \u03b2-glucosidase and \u03b2-glucosaminidase, the percentage of water stable aggregates (WSA) and soil organic carbon and nitrogen as soil quality parameters for grazed pasture and row-crop systems. The study consisted of four management treatments: grazed pasture (GP), agroforestry buffer (AgB), grass buffer (GB) and row-crop (RC). The WSA was determined by wet sieving method while the enzyme activities were colorimetrically quantified using a spectrophotometer in laboratory assays. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents were also determined. Two soil depths (0\u201310 and 10\u201320\u00a0cm) were analyzed for all treatments. The row-crop treatment showed significantly lower activities compared to all other treatments for \u03b2-glucosidase and \u03b2-glucosaminidase enzymes along with lower WSA. The dehydrogenase activities were significantly higher in GP treatment compared to RC treatment. The FDA hydrolase activities were not significantly different among treatments. Surface soil revealed higher enzyme activities and higher WSA than the sub-surface soil. The treatment by depth interaction was significant for \u03b2-glucosidase and \u03b2-glucosaminidase enzymes. The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen data strongly supported the results of enzyme activities and WSA. Implications can be made that perennial vegetation enhances organic matter accumulation in the soil, has minimum disturbance to the soil and will have positive impacts on the ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ranjith P. Udawatta, Stephen H. Anderson, Bodh R. Paudel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.04.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.04.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.04.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.04.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-18", "title": "Effects Of Earthworm Activity On Humus Composition And Humic Acid Characteristics Of Soil In A Maize Residue Amended Rice-Wheat Rotation Agroecosystem", "description": "Abstract   The effect of earthworms on humus composition and humic acid (HA) characteristics was studied in a rice\u2013wheat rotation agroecosystem. Experimental plots in the rotation had five treatments, i.e., incorporation or mulching of maize residues with or without added earthworms and a control. Compared with the control, the application of maize residues to soil either alone or in combinations with earthworms strongly affected the humus composition and HA characteristics. In the presence of earthworms, the carbon ratio of HA to fulvic acid (FA), and the alkyl C/O-alkyl C and hydrophobic C/hydrophilic C ratios of HA were slightly higher, while the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio of HA was slightly lower following maize residue incorporation than the same treatment without earthworms. In contrast, these ratios generally remained almost constant following maize residue mulching. Thus, earthworm activity following maize residue incorporation was more favorable for the HA formation, and was associated with a decrease in aliphaticity of HA, and an increase in its degree of humification and hydrophobicity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jinjing Zhang, Lichun Wang, Xiaokang Ke, Huixin Li, Xiangyun Song, Feng Hu, Qiang Gao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-01", "title": "Fall Cover Cropping Can Increase Arbuscular Mycorrhizae In Soils Supporting Intensive Agricultural Production", "description": "Abstract   Intensive agricultural practices, such as tillage, monocropping, seasonal fallow periods, and inorganic nutrient application have been shown to reduce arbuscular mycorrrhizal fungi (AMF) populations and thus may reduce benefits frequently provided to crops by AMF, such as nutrient acquisition, disease resistance and drought tolerance. We have evaluated the ability of different cover crops to elevate the native mycorrhizal inoculum potential of soils under soil\u2013climatic conditions typical of the upper Midwest U.S. production agricultural region. We measured the number of soil AMF propagules at three sites in the late fall following cover crops that were seeded into summer-harvested small grains within a no-till rotation. At all three sites, soil AMF propagule numbers were generally low (\u22641\u00a0propagule\u00a0g\u22121). Fall cover crops significantly increased the mycorrhizal inoculum potential of the soils. Forage oats (Avena sativa (L.) Hausskn.), by itself or in mixtures, was most effective at both sites where it was planted. At the third site, a cover crop mixture doubled the inoculum potential of these soils. The effect of cover crop treatments on AMF propagules was corroborated at one site over two seasons by measuring AMF biomass with the neutral lipid fatty acid mycorrhizal biomarker, C16:1cis11. Identification of AMF-promoting cover crops for inclusion in diversified, no till cropping rotations in the upper Midwest U.S. will provide opportunity for reduced inorganic nutrient application with economic and environmental benefit.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-05", "title": "Nitrogen Transformation In The Rhizospheres Of Two Subalpine Coniferous Species Under Experimental Warming", "description": "Tree species can exert a strong influence on rhizosphere nutrient cycling through root and rhizosphere processes and create feedback in the patterns of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. In this study, we conducted an experiment to compare the rhizosphere effects of two coniferous species on N transformation as well as their responses to experimental warming using infrared heaters in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. We examined the potential net N mineralization and nitrification rates. N availability, and microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) in rhizosphere soils of Picea asperata and Abies faxoniana plots and compared them to bulk soils. The infrared heater increased both the mean air and the soil temperatures by 1.5 degrees C and 2.1 degrees C respectively. Potential net N mineralization and net nitrification rates were generally greater in rhizosphere soils for the two conifers than in bulk soil, especially in the warmed plots. This led to higher NH4+ and NO3- concentrations in the rhizosphere soils. MBC and MBN were markedly higher in the rhizosphere soils relative to bulk soil in the study plots. In the control subplots of P. asperata, MBC, MBN, potential net N mineralization and net nitrification rates in the rhizosphere were 9.6%, 21.7%, 33.3% and 20.1% greater than in the bulk soil, respectively. MBC, MBN, potential net N mineralization and net nitrification rates in the control subplots of A. faxoniana, however, were 2.0%, 7.7%, 22.0% and 11.8% higher, respectively, in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil; all of the variables were significantly lower than those of P. asperata subplots. Warming significantly promoted N transformation and nutrient availability by enhancing the rhizosphere priming effects for the two conifers, but the magnitudes of the rhizosphere effects on soil N transformation stimulated by warming were generally greater in P. asperata than in A. faxoniana subplots. Differences in the altered morphological and functional characteristics of the roots between the two species under experimental warming could be largely responsible for this variation. Taken together, the results indicated that the two species exhibited similar patterns but with considerably different magnitudes of rhizosphere effects on N transformations in response to experimental warming, implying different capacities of the two conifers to acquire nutrients and thereby altered the competitive and adaptive relationships between the tree species under climate change. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Qing Liu, Yunyan Wei, Zhi Chen, Huajun Yin, Zhenfeng Xu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-21", "title": "Response Of Soil Organic And Inorganic Nutrients In Alpine Soils To A 16-Year Factorial Snow And N-Fertilization Experiment, Colorado Front Range, Usa", "description": "Abstract   Alpine ecosystems are thought to be particularly sensitive to small environmental changes in climate and other parameters due to the plants and soil organisms being on the edge of environmental tolerances. Snow distribution is critical to microclimate in the alpine, affecting soil temperature, growing season duration, and nutrient cycling. Moreover anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition over the past half century has had a detrimental impact on temperate ecosystems, resulting in soil acidification and a reduction in plant biodiversity. Here we used a snowfence experiment combined with an N-fertilization experiment, at the NSF-funded Niwot Ridge (NWT) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site (3528\u00a0m ASL), to increase our understanding of how changes in snow properties and N deposition may affect soil processes. The snowfence used in this manipulation resulted in a consistent pattern of snow accumulation, from deep snowpacks near the fence to a shallow snowpack away from the snowfence. As measured after 16 years of the experiment, the amount, timing, and duration of snow cover appears to affect soil properties. Under moderate snow cover and without N addition, the total soil organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly greater than either under deep or shallow snow. Nitrogen amendments in general worked in the opposite direction of snowpack controls on soil processes. The N addition caused a significant increase under the shallow snow treatments for TOC and TN, while there was a significant decrease of these properties under the moderate snow treatment. In the latter case the N addition did not cause any significant effect on the inorganic N forms but was correlated with a decline of soil pH, and a consequent increase of exchangeable Al and a reduction of exchangeable base cations, which may have influenced soil microbial biomass found in this study. Our results demonstrate how long-term changes in snow properties and N deposition may interact in affecting alpine soil characteristics, with an important response of soil nutrients.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Snow; Soil; Nitrogen; Tundra", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/115334/1/ASE%202012%20OPEN.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-17", "title": "Chemical And Microbiological Soil Quality Indicators And Their Potential To Differentiate Fertilization Regimes In Temperate Agroecosystems", "description": "Abstract   The study examined the interrelationships between chemical and microbiological quality indicators of soil and their ability to differentiate plots under contrasting fertilization regimes. The study was based on a long-term field experiment established on an Udic Ustocrepts in 1966. The soil was cropped with maize (Zea mays L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and received no organic fertilization (control), wheat straw and maize stalk (crop residue) or cattle manure (manure) in combination with increasing levels of mineral N (N0 and N200). To asses whether seasonal fluctuations of measured properties might mask the effects of fertilization, soil samples were collected four times within a growing season. Manure amendment increased soil TOC and TN, while crop residue amendment had no significant effects. Mineral N increased TN only in April, while in September it decreased water extractable organic C (WEOC). Data of diffuse reflectance Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) gave evidence for a higher relative contribution of the aliphatic peak at 2930\u00a0cm\u22121 and a lower relative contribution of the aromatic peaks at 1620\u00a0cm\u22121 and 1520\u00a0cm\u22121 under manure. Manure amendment stimulated enzymatic activities, increased microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and total phospholipids (PLFAs), and reduced the metabolic quotient (qCO2). Patterns of PLFAs indicated that manure amendment increased the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria. Crop residue amendment had no significant effects, while in September mineral N inhibited protease activity and reduced the Gram-positive to Gram-negative ratio. Microbial-related parameters fluctuated over time but their seasonality did not hamper the identification of fertilization-induced effects. The selected properties proved to be valuable indicators of long-term changes of soil quality and were strongly interrelated: changes in soil organic matter content and composition induced by manure amendment were accompanied by changes in abundance and function of the soil microbial community. Partial least square analysis obtained relating DRIFTS spectra to measured soil properties produced accurate predictive models for TOC and PLFAs, and moderately accurate models for Cmic, showing the potential of DRIFTS to be used as a rapid soil testing technique for soil quality monitoring.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "LONG-TERM EXPERIMENT; FERTILIZATION; SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS; MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.11.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-25", "title": "Applying An Oxygen-Based Respiratory Assay To Assess Soil Microbial Responses To Substrate And N Availability", "description": "Abstract   Documented approaches for measuring soil microbial activities and their controlling factors under field conditions are needed to advance understanding of soil microbial processes for numerous applications. We manipulated field plots with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) additions to test the capability of a respiratory assay to: (1) measure respiration of endogenous soil C in comparison to field-measured CO 2  fluxes; (2) determine substrate-induced respiratory (SIR) activities that are consistent with substrate availability in the field; and, (3) report N availability in the field based on assay responses with and without added N. The respiratory assay utilizes a microplate containing an oxygen-sensitive fluorescent ruthenium dye. Respiratory activities measured with this approach have previously been shown to occur within short (6\u20138\u00a0h) incubation periods using low substrate concentrations that minimize enrichment during the assay. Field treatments were conducted in a randomized full-factorial design with C substrate (casamino acids, glucose, or none) and inorganic N (\u00b1) as the treatment factors. With one exception, we found that respiration of endogenous soil C in the assay responded to the field treatments in a similar manner to CO 2  fluxes measured in the field. Patterns of SIR with low concentrations of added amino acid or carbohydrate substrate (200\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0C\u00a0g \u22121  soil) were consistent with field treatments. The ratio (N ratio ) of carbohydrate respiration with added N (25\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0g \u22121  soil) to the same without N in the assay was significantly ( P  ratio  exhibited a logarithmic relationship ( r \u00a0=\u00a00.64,  P  in situ  soil activities and examine factors that limit these activities.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.11.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.11.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.11.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.11.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-14", "title": "Biochar Soil Amendment Increased Bacterial But Decreased Fungal Gene Abundance With Shifts In Community Structure In A Slightly Acid Rice Paddy From Southwest China", "description": "Abstract   Biochar\u2019s role on greenhouse gas emission and plant growth has been well addressed. However, there have been few studies on changes in soil microbial community and activities with biochar soil amendment (BSA) in croplands. In a field experiment, biochar was amended at rates of 0, 20 and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 (C0, C1 and C2, respectively) in May 2010 before rice transplantation in a rice paddy from Sichuan, China. Topsoil (0\u201315\u00a0cm) was collected from the rice paddy while rice harvest in late October 2011. Soil physico-chemical properties and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) as well as selected soil enzyme activities were determined. Based on 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene, bacterial and fungal community structure and abundance were characterized using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) combined with clone library analysis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative real-time PCR assay (qPCR). Contents of SOC and total N and soil pH were increased but bulk density decreased significantly. While no changes in MBC and MBN, gene copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA was shown significantly increased by 28% and 64% and that of fungal 18S rRNA significantly decreased by 35% and 46% under BSA at 20 and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 respectively over control. Moreover, there was a significant decrease by 70% in abundance of Methylophilaceae and of Hydrogenophilaceae with an increase by 45% in Anaerolineae abundance under BSA at 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 over control. Whereas, using sequencing DGGE bands of fungal 18S rRNA gene, some bands affiliated with Ascomycota and Glomeromycota were shown inhibited by BSA at rate of 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121. Significant increases in activities of dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatases while decreased \u03b2-glucosidase were also observed under BSA. The results here indicated a shift toward a bacterial dominated microbial community in the rice paddy with BSA.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-16", "title": "Response of alpine soils to nitrogen addition on the Tibetan Plateau: A meta-analysis", "description": "A meta-analysis approach was used to identify general tendency of alpine soil responses to nitrogen fertilizer on the Tibetan Plateau. Nitrogen addition increased ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3\u2212), but decreased pH. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), C:N ratio and pH differed among forests, alpine meadows and alpine steppes. Effects of nitrogen addition on NH4+, NO3\u2212, soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) differed between alpine meadows and forests. Effects of NH4NO3 addition on SOC, TN, C:N ratio, NH4+, NO3\u2212, MBC and pH differed with those of urea addition. The effect of nitrogen addition on pH was negatively correlated with mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Soil conditions in control plots were positively correlated with the effect of nitrogen addition on pH, but negatively correlated with the effect of nitrogen addition on TN. Nitrogen addition rate was correlated with the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on NO3\u2212 and pH. Nitrogen addition duration was positively correlated with the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on pH. Therefore, effects of nitrogen fertilizers on alpine soils varied with nitrogen fertilizer types; climatic warming and precipitation change regulated effects of nitrogen fertilizer on alpine soils; and response of alpine soils to nitrogen addition may depend on initial soil conditions, rate and duration of nitrogen addition on the Tibetan Plateau.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhenxi Shen, Gang Fu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-29", "title": "Neutral Effect Of Nitrogen Addition And Negative Effect Of Phosphorus Addition On Topsoil Extracellular Enzymatic Activities In An Alpine Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "Abstract   Soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are common limiting nutrients affecting plant primary productivity in alpine ecosystems due to the low decomposition rate, though anthropogenic activities have greatly increased their inputs into ecosystems. Little is known regarding the effects of increasing N and P availabilities on the functioning of belowground microbial communities. To determine how soil microorganisms respond to N and P addition, we measured plant primary productivity, soil microbial biomass, soil mineral N availability, soil respiration, and the activities of soil extracellular enzymes after two years of N- and P-addition in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. We observed no significant effect of N addition on plant biomass, soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, or the activities of soil extracellular enzymes. In contrast, P addition increased plant biomass but suppressed the activities of most labile-C-cycling enzymes at 0\u201310\u00a0cm of soil depth, although the effects on soil microbial biomass and soil respiration were minor. Moreover, there was no interaction between N and P addition on these variables. Overall, N addition does not appear to exert a significant effect on plant primary productivity and microbial activity, whereas P addition increases plant primary productivity and tends to suppress topsoil microbial activity after two years of nutrient application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-22", "title": "Mongolian Pine Plantations Enhance Soil Physico-Chemical Properties And Carbon And Nitrogen Capacities In Semi-Arid Degraded Sandy Land In China", "description": "Abstract   Horqin Sandy Land is a seriously desertified and an ecologically fragile region of China. Soil degradation and desertification in this region are the result of several decades of overgrazing, non-manure cropping with short fallow, and arbitrary land use and management. We investigated whether the afforestation of active sand dunes with Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) enhances the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storages and the overall soil quality. We compared soil physico-chemical properties, and C and N storages in the total and light fraction soil organic matter of active sand dunes, and of 25- and 35-year-old plantations. Soil water holding capacity, fine particle content and nutrients were significantly higher in plantations than in active sand dunes, with greater improvements occurring in the top 5\u00a0cm than in the 5\u201315\u00a0cm layer of the soil profile. Soil C and total N storages were 6.1 and 3.7 folds in 25-year-old, and 10.2 and 5.3 folds in 35-year-old plantations compared to active sand dunes, respectively. Carbon and N storages in the light fraction were 20.9 and 15.8 folds in 25-year-old, and 36.1 and 25.0 folds in 35-year-old plantations, respectively, relative to active sand dunes. The light fraction played an important role in soil C sequestration and its amount is an indicator of the effects of afforestation on C storage in sandy soil. The upper 15\u00a0cm of the soil profile in the 35-year-old plantations of Mongolian pine has the capacity to sequester significant amount of C in the region, potentially offsetting part of the carbon that has been lost due to desertification over the past century in the Horqin Sandy Land. Our results conclude that afforestation with Mongolian pine has had positive impacts on soil quality and has increased the capacity for soil C sequestration in semi-arid degraded areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-20", "title": "Effects Of Different Grassland Restoration Approaches On Soil Properties In The Southeastern Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China", "description": "In the semi-arid Horqin sandy grassland, continuous grazing has led to decreased ground cover. The bare land surface is then directly exposed to strong wind erosion, leading to desertification. Different restoration approaches have been used to recover these desertified sandy grasslands. This study compared soil properties subjected to different grassland restoration approaches, i.e., three restoration treatments and an unrestored control: FG, grassland enclosed by sheltering forest (Populus x beijingensis); MG, artificially sparse Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica grassland: UG, artificially sparse Ulmus pumila grassland; CK, desertified grassland. Soil samples were taken from depths of 0-20 cm, and physical (i.e., bulk density, particle size distribution, waterholding capacity, total porosity), chemical (i.e., pH, soil organic matter, total N, total P. total K, available N, available P. available K, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca2+. exchangeable Mg2+, exchangeable Na+, exchangeable K+), and biological (i.e., microbial biomass carbon, substrate richness index, Shannon's diversity index) properties were selected as soil indicators. The three different approaches to grassland restoration were confirmed to alleviate wind erosion and enhance sand surface stabilization, as well as improve soil physicochemical and biological properties, in comparison with unrestored control. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in two types of artificial sparsely forested grassland were significantly better than those in grassland enclosed by shelter forest: however, there was no significant difference between the two types of artificial sparsely forested grassland. These results suggest that an artificial sparsely forested grassland restoration approach may be more effective at restoring the poor and arid soils of desertified sandy grasslands, such as the Horqin sandy land. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-19", "title": "An Assessment Of The Soil Microbial Status After 17 Years Of Tillage And Mineral P Fertilization Management", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural practices, such as tillage and fertilization, are greatly involved in sustainable agricultural soils and their impacts on microbial community and activity must be fully clarified to better understand their roles in soil phosphorus (P) cycling. We assessed the effects of 17 years of different tillage systems and P fertilization on the development of soil microbial biomass, activity, and community structure. The study site was a long-term maize\u2013soybean rotation experiment established since 1992 in eastern Canada. Soil samples were collected at two depths (0\u201315\u00a0cm and 15\u201330\u00a0cm) in the fall of 2009 from soybean plots under moldboard plow (MP) and no till (NT) management and fertilized with 0, 17.5, and 35\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha\u22121. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMB-C), nitrogen (SMB-N) and P (SMB-P), two microbial activities (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and the microbial community structure based on phospholipid fatty acid profiles (PLFA) were determined. Results show all soil microbial variables were greater at 0\u201315\u00a0cm than at 15\u201330\u00a0cm under NT but not under MP. In the MP treatment, both enzymes activity and fungal biomass were significantly higher than NT at 15\u201330\u00a0cm. Principal component analysis of PLFA profiles shows that the structure of the microbial community was first separated by tillage, then by depth, and P fertilization had no significant effect. However, P fertilization significantly influenced SMB-C and SMB-P under NT. Greater SMB-P content was observed with the highest P fertilization applied at 0\u201315\u00a0cm, while opposite result were observed in SMB-P and SMB-C at 15\u201330\u00a0cm. We conclude that size, activity, and structure of the soil microbial community differed more because of tillage than P fertilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-17", "title": "Plant Material Addition Affects Soil Nitrous Oxide Production Differently Between Aerobic And Oxygen-Limited Conditions", "description": "Abstract   It is a common agricultural practice for crop residues to be plowed into the soil or left on the soil surface. Soil addition of crop residues can considerably modify soil microbial activity and net N mineralization, and in general such modifications are negatively related to the C:N ratios of crop residues. Yet, little is known on the impacts of crop residues of different C:N ratios on soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production under different aeration conditions via nitrification and denitrification. In this study, an 84-day laboratory incubation was conducted under aerobic and O 2 -limited conditions and soil N 2 O production was measured every 3 days after the addition of plant materials with a wide range of C:N ratios from 14 to 297. Two aerobic conditions were created by adjusting the water content of soil at a bulk density of 1.1\u00a0g\u00a0cm \u22123  to 30% water-filled pore space (WFPS) and 60% WFPS, and two O 2 -limited conditions were made by 90% WFPS and fluctuation between 90% and 30% WFPS. Each fluctuation cycle lasted 9 days and soil water content was readjusted to 90% WFPS at the end of each cycle. We also measured microbial respiration activity and net N mineralization periodically (i.e., 3, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days) during the incubation and microbial biomass C at the end of incubation. At aerobic conditions, soil amendments of plant materials, regardless of their C:N ratios, all enhanced soil N 2 O production. However, net N mineralization was dependent on plant material C:N ratios, being significantly higher or lower than the control for C:N ratios \u223c15 and C:N ratios \u226544, respectively. Such inconsistent responses indicated that nitrifiers mediating nitrification and therefore byproduct N 2 O production could strongly compete with heterotrophic microbes for NH 4  +  and therefore net N mineralization was not a good predictor for nitrification-associated N 2 O production. Interestingly, plant material additions reduced soil N 2 O production by up to \u223c95% at O 2 -limited conditions, perhaps due to NO 3  \u2212  limitation. Soil NO 3  \u2212  production via nitrification could be low at O 2 -limited conditions, and soil NO 3  \u2212  availability could be further reduced due to increases in microbial biomass and thus microbial N assimilation after plant material additions. This NO 3  \u2212  limitation might enhance N 2 O reduction to N 2 , by which denitrifiers could harvest more energy from the consumption of limited NO 3  \u2212 . Nonetheless, our results revealed contrasting differences in N 2 O production between aerobic and O 2 -limited conditions following soil amendments of plant materials.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-05", "title": "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: A Gradient Of Environmental Restoration", "description": "Abstract   Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are of great importance for the successful regeneration of degraded natural areas. The objective of this study was to examine how the time of environmental recuperation is affecting the occurrence and diversity of AMF species in riparian areas belonging to the Atlantic Forest biome in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study involved a native forest area (NT) and a gradient of environmental restoration: five (R05), ten (R10), and twenty (R20) years after reforestation. Soil samples were collected in the rainy (January) and dry season (June). Chemical, physical and microbiological analyses were performed including the amount of glomalin and quantification of AMF spores. The frequency of occurrence of genera and ecological indices, as richness (R), Shannon's diversity (H) and Simpson's dominance index (Is) were calculated. The largest spore number was found in R05 and the highest richness and diversity indices of AMF species in NT. Considering the two sampling periods and the four areas studied, we found 22 AMF species, and the genera Glomus and Acaulospora were the most frequent. A Canonical Discriminant Analysis showed that Glomus viscosum, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Acaulospora mellea and Scutellospora heterogama were the species that contributed the most to distinguishing the areas. Moisture, density and glomalin were positively correlated with the number of spores, however, soil nitrate showed a negative correlation. This work gives a better understanding of the interactions between AMF and forest soils and allows to know the distribution of AMF species according to environmental recovery time.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso, Joice Andrade Bonfim, Sidney Luiz St\u00fcrmer, Rafael Leandro de Figueiredo Vasconcellos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-06", "title": "Effects Of Wastewater Sludge, Urea And Charcoal On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Pots Planted With Wheat", "description": "Abstract   Agriculture is an important source of greenhouse gases (GHG), mostly carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). Application of charcoal to agricultural soils is known to reduce GHG emissions while application of fertilizer or wastewater sludge increases them. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effect of charcoal application on GHG emissions from soil planted with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and amended with wastewater sludge or urea, or left unamended. Wheat fertilized with urea or wastewater sludge, at a rate of 150\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121, was cultivated in soil amended with or without 2% (w/w) charcoal, a biochar used mostly for heating, in a greenhouse. Emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O, soil characteristics and plant development were monitored. Charcoal had no significant effect on the emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O in wastewater sludge or urea-amended soil. The wheat development and yields, and soil pH and electrolytic conductivity were also not affected by charcoal application. It was found that charcoal did not affect the emissions of the monitored GHG, wheat or soil characteristics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-31", "title": "Fate Of Chinese-Fir Litter During Decomposition As A Result Of Inorganic N Additions", "description": "Abstract   We conducted a controlled experiment to evaluate Chinese-fir litter decomposition and its response to the addition of inorganic N. Litter-derived CO 2 , microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were monitored during an 87-d incubation of a mixed soil\u2013litter substrate using the  13 C tracer technique. Litter C was mostly converted to CO 2  (47.4% of original mass), followed by MBC (3.6%), and DOC (1.0%), with 48% remaining unaltered in the soil. The litter decomposition rate significantly increased with the addition of inorganic N, although the effect depended on whether N was added as NH 4  +  or NO 3  \u2212 . Soil-derived CO 2 , MBC, and DOC also increased following the combined addition of litter and N. The results showed that only a small percentage of litter C was retained as MBC or DOC and that the conversion rate depended, in part, on the form of inorganic N added to the Chinese-fir plantation soil.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "3. Good health"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Silong Wang, Weidong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-22", "title": "The Positive Relationship Between Soil Quality And Crop Production: A Case Study On The Effect Of Farm Compost Application", "description": "Abstract   In order to ensure sustainable agriculture, and for evaluating the effects of management practices on soil processes, tools for assessing soil quality are required. The development and use of a multiparameter index, which includes a wide range of soil properties, have been tested and found useful by several studies. However, soil quality measurements are \u2018stand-alone\u2019 tools unless they are either linked to important soil functions, used to characterize (agro)ecosystems or used to predict sustainability or productivity. In our study, the relationship between crop production and soil quality was assessed in a six year old field experiment studying the effect of farm compost (FC) amendment in a crop rotation of potato, fodder beet, forage maize and Brussels sprouts. To justify the hypothesis that repeated FC amendment results in both improved soil quality and consequently higher crop yields, a wide range of chemical, biological and physical soil properties were measured and integrated into a soil quality index (SQI). Next, crop yields were used as a functional goal to verify the causal relationship between SQI and crop production. Our results showed that there were significant changes in chemical, physical and biological soil quality as a result of repeated FC amendment. This was evidenced for example by a remarkable increase in both soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N content. Microbial biomass, the relative amount of bacterivorous nematodes and earthworm number were significantly increased as well and, together with SOC and total N, indicated as the dominant factors in assessing soil quality. The integration of these key indicators into the SQI revealed higher SQI values when FC was applied. In addition, crop yields were increased in all FC treated plots by which SOC was pointed out as the most important indicator influencing crop production. Finally, a causal relationship was observed between soil quality and the yield of potato and fodder beet. We conclude that our SQI may be a promising and useful tool to compare different (soil) management practices in relation to a strategic, regional goal, e.g., sustainable high yields. Before generalizing, we recommend a thorough validation of our SQI in other long-term field experiments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-19", "title": "Short Rotation Forestry - Earthworm Interactions: A Field Based Mesocosm Experiment", "description": "Short rotation forestry (SRF) which consists of planting rapidly growing native and non-native tree species has been introduced to the UK to increase woody biomass production. A largely unknown aspect of SRF species is their interaction with soil fauna, of which the earthworm community is a major component. Earthworms have a pronounced impact on litter decomposition, nutrient cycling and tree growth. Conversely, tree litter and root chemistry can impact on the associated earthworm community development. The aim of this study was to determine direct interactions between SRF species and earthworms. A field-based mesocosm experiment was conducted using Betula pendula (birch) and Eucalyptus nitens (eucalyptus) with two earthworm species Lumbricus terrestris and Allolobophora chlorotica. The one year experiment revealed that native birch and non-native eucalyptus had a similar influence on L. terrestris population development. However, birch had a positive impact on A. chlorotica population establishment compared with eucalyptus. In the presence of earthworms, total tree biomass and leaf nitrogen concentration of eucalyptus were increased respectively by 25% and 27% compared with an earthworm-free control. In the presence of earthworms, surface litter incorporation was greater for both tree species (almost 5 times for birch and 3 times for eucalyptus) compared with controls. This work showed direct SRF-earthworm interactions which differed for tree species.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-23", "title": "Identifying Indicators Of C And N Cycling In A Clayey Ultisol Under Different Tillage And Uses In Winter", "description": "Abstract   Although tropical and subtropical environments permit two cropping cycles per year, maintaining adequate mulching on the soil surface remains a challenge. In some cases, leaving soils fallow during the winter as an agricultural practice to control pathogens contributes to reduce soil mulching. The aim of this study was to assess attributes associated with C and N cycling in a soil under conventional and no-tillage management, with contrasting uses in winter: black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb) as cover crop or fallow. No-tillage increased total C and N, irrespective the winter crop. Cropping black oats under no-tillage resulted in more microbial biomass C and N, and glutaminase activity (15.2%, 65.2%, and 24%, respectively) than no-tillage under fallow. Under conventional tillage, winter cropping did not affect the attributes under study. Available P was higher in the no-tillage system (9.2\u201312.3\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121), especially when cropped with black oats, than in the conventional tillage system (4.8\u20136.6\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121). A multivariate analysis showed strong relationships between soil microbiological and chemical attributes in the no-tillage system, especially when cropped with black oats. Soil pH, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities were the most effective at separating the soil use in winter. Microbial N, total N, microbial to total N ratio, available P, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and glutaminase activity were more effective at separating soil management regimes. The no-tillage system in association with winter oat cropping stimulated the soil microbial community, carbon and nutrient cycling, thereby helping to improve the sustainability of the cropping system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-08", "title": "Experimental Nitrogen Deposition Alters The Quantity And Quality Of Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon In An Alpine Meadow On The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving biogeochemical processes in soils, but little information is available on the relation of soil DOM dynamics to microbial activity. The effects of NO3- and NH4+ deposition in grasslands on the amount and composition of soil DOM also remain largely unclear. In this study, a multi-form, low-dose N addition experiment was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in 2007. Three N fertilizers, NH4Cl, (NH4)(2)SO4 and KNO3, were applied at four rates: 0, 10, 20 and 40 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1). Soil samples from surface (0-10 cm) and subsurface layers (10-20 cm) were collected in 2011. Excitation/emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) was used to assess the composition and stability of soil DOM. Community-level physiological profile (CLAP, basing on the BIOLOG Ecoplate technique) was measured to evaluate the relationship between soil DOC dynamics and microbial utilization of C resources. Nitrogen (N) dose rather than N form significantly increased soil DOC contents in surface layer by 23.5%-35.1%, whereas it significantly decreased soil DOC contents in subsurface layer by 10.4%-23.8%. Continuous five-year N addition significantly increased the labile components and decreased recalcitrant components of soil DOM in surface layer, while an opposite pattern was observed in subsurface layer; however, the humification indices (HIX) of soil DOM was unaltered by various N treatments. Furthermore, N addition changed the amount and biodegradability of soil DOM through stimulating microbial metabolic activity and preferentially utilizing organic acids. These results suggest that microbial metabolic processes dominate the dynamics of soil DOC, and increasing atmospheric N deposition could be adverse to the accumulation of soil organic carbon pool in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-01", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics As Affected By Long-Term Contrasting Cropping Systems And Tillages Under Semiarid Mediterranean Climate", "description": "Abstract   In a dryland Mediterranean agrosystem (Sicily, Italy) a comparative study was carried out among two crop systems (wheat/wheat and wheat/bean) after 19 years under three most used tillage managements (conventional, dual layer and no-tillage), in order to ascertain the effects of those experimental factors, single and combined, on various soil organic C pools (total and extractable organic C, microbial biomass C, basal respiration). Field CO 2  fluxes from soil, throughout a year, were also determined. Moreover, C input and output were assessed, as well as microbial and metabolic quotients. Tillage management more than cropping system affected the soil organic C stored in the first 15\u00a0cm of soil. After 19 years, no-tillage caused a 3.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  increase of C content in wheat/faba rotation while of 5.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  in wheat monoculture. The higher soil total organic C content in wheat monoculture was ascribed to a lower quality of residues supplied (higher both C/N ratio and acid detergent fibre (ADF) content). Moreover, wheat/bean rotation increased soil microbial biomass C, basal respiration and microbial quotient, thus suggesting that crop rotation more than tillage management was the driving factor in improving soil biochemical indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-30", "title": "Microplate-Scale Fluorometric Soil Enzyme Assays As Tools To Assess Soil Quality In A Long-Term Agricultural Field Experiment", "description": "Abstract   We investigated the potential of microplate-scale fluorometric soil enzyme assays to differentiate plots under contrasting long-term organic and mineral N fertilization regimens to determine the relevance of this analytical approach to soil quality related studies.  Enzymes involved in the breakdown of cellulose and hemicellulose showed maximum activities in plots amended with manure. Conversely, the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of starch and phosphate esters peaked under mineral N fertilization. Linear regression analysis indicated close associations between enzyme activities and other fundamental soil properties related to soil quality, and principal component analysis separated the soil samples according to their responses to organic and mineral N fertilization. We conclude that microplate-scale fluorimetry is a fast throughput tool for the measurement of multiple soil enzyme activities as soil quality indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil enzyme activities", " Microplate-scale fluorimetry", " 4-Methylumbelliferone", " Soil quality", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3350&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3350&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3300", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3400", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 27030, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T13:00:03.639827Z"}