The availability of water is a growing concern for flooded rice production. As such, several water-saving irrigation practices have been developed to reduce water requirements. Alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage have been shown to potentially reduce water requirements while maintaining rice yields when compared to continuous flooding. With the removal of permanently anaerobic conditions during the growing season, water-saving irrigation can also reduce CO2 equivalent (CO2eq) emissions, helping reduce the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the long-term impact of water-saving irrigation on soil organic carbon (SOC)\uffe2\uff80\uff94used here as an indicator of soil health and fertility\uffe2\uff80\uff94has not been explored. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of common water-saving irrigation practices (alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage) on (i) SOC, and (ii) GHG emissions. Despite an extensive literature search, only 12 studies were found containing data to constrain the soil C balance in both continuous flooding and water-saving irrigation plots, highlighting the still limited understanding of long-term impacts of water-saving irrigation on soil health and GHG emissions. Water-saving irrigation was found to reduce emissions of CH4 by 52.3% and increased those of CO2 by 44.8%. CO2eq emissions were thereby reduced by 18.6% but the soil-to-atmosphere carbon (C) flux increased by 25% when compared to continuous flooding. Water-saving irrigation was also found to have a negative effect on both SOC\uffe2\uff80\uff94reducing concentrations by 5.2%\uffe2\uff80\uff94and soil organic nitrogen\uffe2\uff80\uff94potentially depleting stocks by more than 100 kg N/ha per year. While negative effects of water-saving irrigation on rice yield may not be visible in short-term experiments, care should be taken when assessing the long-term sustainability of these irrigation practices because they can decrease soil fertility. Strategies need to be developed for assessing the more long-term effects of these irrigation practices by considering trade-offs between water savings and other ecosystem services.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "rice", "methane", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "Environmental sciences", "mid-season drainage", "alternate wetting and drying", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2108"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab2108", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab2108", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2108"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab9a6d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-08", "title": "The next generation of climate model should account for the evolution of mineral-organic interactions with permafrost thaw", "description": "The Earth\u2019s high latitude regions are warming twice as fast as the global average which enhances the thawing of permafrost, i.e. the perennially frozen ground which underlies about 25% of the exposed land surface in the Northern Hemisphere (Brown et al 1998). Permafrost thaw exposes previously frozen organic carbon (OC) to microbial decomposition with subsequent emission of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) into the atmosphere, creating positive feedback on global warming, i.e. the permafrost carbon feedback (Schuur et al 2015). Permafrost contains 1460\u20131600 GtC, almost twice the C in the atmosphere (IPCC 2019), and 15 \u00b1 3% of that OC stock could be emitted as greenhouse gases by 2100 (Schuur et al 2015). On an annual basis, this would represent 22%\u201331% of the current anthropogenic C emissions (considering anthropogenic C emissions from IPCC 2019). Most of that C would be emitted as CO2 but it is estimated that 2.3% of the permafrost C emissions will be released as CH4 (Schuur et al 2015). This has implications for the Earth\u2019s radiative balance, given the larger global warming potential of CH4 at the century time scale. Therefore, evidence is mounting that permafrost thaw represents a tipping element in the Earth climate system (Lenton et al 2019). Yet uncertainties are associated with how this will unfold.", "keywords": ["organic", "Science", "QC1-999", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "arctic", "GE1-350", "Renewable Energy", "TD1-1066", "General Environmental Science", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Sustainability and the Environment", "carbon", "organic carbon", "Physics", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "Q", "minerals", "15. Life on land", "artic", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Public Health", "thaw", "carbon emissions", "permafrost"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sophie Opfergelt", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9a6d"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab9a6d", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab9a6d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9a6d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/abd58a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-22", "title": "Coarse woody debris are buffering mortality-induced carbon losses to the atmosphere in tropical forests", "description": "International audience", "keywords": ["tropical forests", "0301 basic medicine", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "0303 health sciences", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "coarse woody debris", "Q", "15. Life on land", "mortality", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Environmental sciences", "carbon budget", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "TD1-1066"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd58a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/abd58a", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/abd58a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/abd58a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe25c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-03", "title": "Dominant contribution of nitrogen compounds in precipitation chemistry in the Lake Victoria catchment (East Africa)", "description": "AbstractThis work provides a complete chemical characterization of rains collected in the tropical rural site of Mbita (Kenya) on the shores of Lake Victoria (annual rainfall 1259.3 mm). We present a wet nitrogen deposition budget including inorganic and organic dissolved nitrogen in relation with atmospheric sources of gases and particles, precipitation rate and air mass transport. A unique 2 yr monitoring data set (2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019), providing 183 rain samples was collected and analyzed according to international standards (WMO/GAW). Considering that precipitation represents the largest contributor of water to the Lake Victoria (80%), this study gives new insights in the seasonality of nutrients wet deposition (WD) inputs in the unique natural resource represented by Lake Victoria and its catchment. Four main contributions to the chemical composition of precipitation, were identified: (a) a 28% terrigenous contribution related to crustal and biomass sources, (b) a 14% marine contribution related to Indian ocean air masses intrusion, (c) a 15% organic contribution due to volatile organic carbon emissions from biomass burning and vegetation and (d) a predominant nitrogenous contribution of 39% due to livestock and fertilizers, biomass burning and neighboring agricultural fires. Ammonium and nitrate volume weighed mean concentrations are 36.75 and 8.88 \uffce\uffbceq l\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. Rain in Mbita is alkaline (pH = 5.8) highlighting neutralization by heterogeneous chemistry. Total nitrogen WD is 8.54 kgN ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, 58\uffe2\uff80\uff89760 tN yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the entire lake, with 26% attributed to dissolved organic nitrogen. A total atmospheric deposition of 15 kgN ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 is estimated taking into account dry deposition estimate from literature, showing that the Lake Victoria ecosystem is exposed to eutrophication. An extensive and regular monitoring of wet and dry nitrogen deposition is highly recommended both in-shore and off-shore to help improving the efficiency of nitrogen use in agricultural areas and reduce nitrogen losses around Lake Victoria.
", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "15. Life on land", "Kenya", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "nitrogen wet deposition budget", "precipitation chemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "wet deposition", "GE1-350", "14. Life underwater", "TD1-1066", "Lake Victoria basin", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe25c"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe25c", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe25c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/abe25c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/abfe8a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-06", "title": "Decreased soil moisture due to warming drives phylogenetic diversity and community transitions in the tundra", "description": "AbstractGlobal warming leads to drastic changes in the diversity and structure of Arctic plant communities. Studies of functional diversity within the Arctic tundra biome have improved our understanding of plant responses to warming. However, these studies still show substantial unexplained variation in diversity responses. Complementary to functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity has been useful in climate change studies, but has so far been understudied in the Arctic. Here, we use a 25 year warming experiment to disentangle community responses in Arctic plant phylogenetic \uffce\uffb2 diversity across a soil moisture gradient. We found that responses varied over the soil moisture gradient, where meadow communities with intermediate to high soil moisture had a higher magnitude of response. Warming had a negative effect on soil moisture levels in all meadow communities, however meadows with intermediate moisture levels were more sensitive. In these communities, soil moisture loss was associated with earlier snowmelt, resulting in community turnover towards a more heath-like community. This process of \uffe2\uff80\uff98heathification\uffe2\uff80\uff99 in the intermediate moisture meadows was driven by the expansion of ericoid and Betula shrubs. In contrast, under a more consistent water supply Salix shrub abundance increased in wet meadows. Due to its lower stature, palatability and decomposability, the increase in heath relative to meadow vegetation can have several large scale effects on the local food web as well as climate. Our study highlights the importance of the hydrological cycle as a driver of vegetation turnover in response to Arctic climate change. The observed patterns in phylogenetic \uffce\uffb2 diversity were often driven by contrasting responses of species of the same functional growth form, and could thus provide important complementary information. Thus, phylogenetic diversity is an important tool in disentangling tundra response to environmental change.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play an essential role in climate change and air pollution by modulating tropospheric oxidation capacity and providing precursors for ozone and aerosol formation. Arctic permafrost buries large quantities of frozen soil carbon, which could be released as VOCs with permafrost thawing or collapsing as a consequence of global warming. However, due to the lack of reported studies in this field and the limited capability of the conventional measurement techniques, it is poorly understood how much VOCs could be emitted from thawing permafrost and the chemical speciation of the released VOCs. Here we apply a Vocus proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF) in laboratory incubations for the first time to examine the release of VOCs from thawing permafrost peatland soils sampled from Finnish Lapland. The warming-induced rapid VOC emissions from the thawing soils were mainly attributed to the direct release of old, trapped gases from the permafrost. The average VOC fluxes from thawing permafrost were four times as high as those from the active layer (the top layer of soil in permafrost terrain). The emissions of less volatile compounds, i.e. sesquiterpenes and diterpenes, increased substantially with rising temperatures. Results in this study demonstrate the potential for substantive VOC releases from thawing permafrost. We anticipate that future global warming could stimulate VOC emissions from the Arctic permafrost, which may significantly influence the Arctic atmospheric chemistry and climate change.An increase in the frequency of extremely hot and dry events has been experienced over the past few decades in South America, and particularly in Brazil. Regional climate change projections indicate a future aggravation of this trend. However, a comprehensive characterization of drought and heatwave compound events, as well as of the main land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere mechanisms involved, is still lacking for most of South America. This study aims to fill this gap, assessing for the first time the historical evolution of compound summer drought and heatwave events for the heavily populated region of Southeast Brazil and for the period of 1980\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. The main goal is to undertake a detailed analysis of the surface and synoptic conditions, as well as of the land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere coupling processes that led to the occurrence of individual and compound dry and hot extremes. Our results confirm that the S\uffc3\uffa3o Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais states have recorded pronounced and statistically significant increases in the number of compound summer drought and heatwave episodes. In particular, the last decade was characterized by two austral summer seasons (2013/14 and 2014/15) with outstanding concurrent drought and heatwave conditions stemmed by severe precipitation deficits and a higher-than-average occurrence of blocking patterns. As result of these land and atmosphere conditions, a high coupling (water-limited) regime was imposed, promoting the re-amplification of hot spells that resulted in mega heatwave episodes. Our findings reveal a substantial contribution of persistent dry conditions to heatwave episodes, highlighting the vulnerability of the region to climate change.
", "keywords": ["heatwaves", "Sustainability and the Environment", "droughts", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "Q", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Southeast Brazil", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "compound events", "GE1-350", "Renewable Energy", "Public Health", "TD1-1066", "General Environmental Science", "climate extremes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/abee4b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-12", "title": "Preferential export of permafrost-derived organic matter as retrogressive thaw slumping intensifies", "description": "AbstractEnhanced warming of the Northern high latitudes has intensified thermokarst processes throughout the permafrost zone. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS), where thaw-driven erosion caused by ground ice melt creates terrain disturbances extending over tens of hectares, represent particularly dynamic thermokarst features. Biogeochemical transformation of the mobilized substrate may release CO2 to the atmosphere and impact downstream ecosystems, yet its fate remains unclear. The Peel Plateau in northwestern Canada hosts some of the largest RTS features in the Arctic. Here, thick deposits of Pleistocene-aged glacial tills are overlain by a thinner layer of relatively organic-rich Holocene-aged permafrost that aggraded upward following deeper thaw and soil development during the early Holocene warm period. In this study, we characterize exposed soil layers and the mobilized material by analysing sediment properties and organic matter composition in active layer, Holocene and Pleistocene permafrost, recently thawed debris deposits and fresh deposits of slump outflow from four separate RTS features. We found that organic matter content, radiocarbon age and biomarker concentrations in debris and outflow deposits from all four sites were most similar to permafrost soils, with a lesser influence of the organic-rich active layer. Lipid biomarkers suggested a significant contribution of petrogenic carbon especially in Pleistocene permafrost. Active layer samples contained abundant intrinsically labile macromolecular components (polysaccharides, lignin markers, phenolic and N-containing compounds). All other samples were dominated by degraded organic constituents. Active layer soils, although heterogeneous, also had the highest median grain sizes, whereas debris and runoff deposits consisted of finer mineral grains and were generally more homogeneous, similar to permafrost. We thus infer that both organic matter degradation and hydrodynamic sorting during transport affect the mobilized material. Determining the relative magnitude of these two processes will be crucial to better assess the role of intensifying RTS activity in CO2 release and ecosystem carbon fluxes.Major Arctic rivers are undergoing changes due to climate warming with higher discharge and increased amounts of solutes and organic carbon (OC) draining into rivers and coastal seas. Permafrost thaw mobilizes previously frozen OC to the fluvial network where it can be degraded into greenhouse gases and emitted to the atmosphere. Degradation of OC during downstream transport, especially of the particulate OC (POC), is however poorly characterized. Here, we quantified POC degradation in the Kolyma River, the largest river system underlain with continuous permafrost, during 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 d whole-water incubations (containing POC and dissolved OC\uffe2\uff80\uff94DOC) during two seasons: spring freshet (early June) and late summer (end of July). Furthermore, we examined interactions between dissolved and particulate phases using parallel incubations of filtered water (only DOC). We measured OC concentrations and carbon isotopes (\uffce\uffb413C, \uffce\uff9414C) to define carbon losses and to characterize OC composition, respectively. We found that both POC composition and biodegradability differs greatly between seasons. During summer, POC was predominantly autochthonous (47%\uffe2\uff80\uff9395%) and degraded rapidly (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc33% loss) whereas freshet POC was largely of allochthonous origin (77%\uffe2\uff80\uff9396%) and less degradable. Gains in POC concentrations (up to 31%) were observed in freshet waters that could be attributed to flocculation and adsorption of DOC to particles. The demonstrated DOC flocculation and adsorption to POC indicates that the fate and dynamics of the substantially-sized DOC pool may shift from degradation to settling, depending on season and POC concentrations\uffe2\uff80\uff94the latter potentially acting to attenuate greenhouse gas emissions from fluvial systems. We finally note that DOC incubations without POC present may yield degradation estimates that do not reflect degradation in the in situ river conditions, and that interaction between dissolved and particulate phases may be important to consider when determining fluvial carbon dynamics and feedbacks under a changing climate.Permafrost thaw will release additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere resulting in a positive feedback to climate change. However, the mineralization dynamics of organic matter (OM) stored in permafrost-affected soils remain unclear. We used physical soil fractionation, radiocarbon measurements, incubation experiments, and a dynamic decomposition model to identify distinct vertical pattern in OM decomposability. The observed differences reflect the type of OM input to the subsoil, either by cryoturbation or otherwise, e.g. by advective water-borne transport of dissolved OM. In non-cryoturbated subsoil horizons, most OM is stabilized at mineral surfaces or by occlusion in aggregates. In contrast, pockets of OM-rich cryoturbated soil contain sufficient free particulate OM for microbial decomposition. After thaw, OM turnover is as fast as in the upper active layer. Since cryoturbated soils store ca. 450 Pg carbon, identifying differences in decomposability according to such translocation processes has large implications for the future global carbon cycle and climate, and directs further process model development.
", "keywords": ["ISLAND", "SIBERIA", "RADIOCARBON", "Science", "QC1-999", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "GE1-350", "fractionation", "BUDGETS", "Lena-Delta", "residence time", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "LANDSCAPE", "DELTA", "carbon", "Physics", "Q", "SITE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "transport", "radiocarbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CARBON STOCKS", "STORAGE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac9198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac9198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/acd709", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-19", "title": "Fertilization strategies for abating N pollution at the scale of a highly vulnerable and diverse semi-arid agricultural region (Murcia, Spain)", "description": "AbstractOveruse of N fertilizers in crops has induced the disruption of the N cycle, triggering the release of reactive N (Nr) to the environment. Several EU policies have been developed to address this challenge, establishing targets to reduce agricultural Nr losses. Their achievement could be materialized through the introduction of fertilizing innovations such as incorporating fertilizer into soils, using urease inhibitors, or by adjusting N inputs to crop needs that could impact in both yields and environment. The Murcia region (southeastern Spain) was selected as a paradigmatic case study, since overfertilization has induced severe environmental problems in the region in the last decade, to assess the impact of a set of 8 N fertilizing alternatives on crop yields and environmental Nr losses. Some of these practices imply the reduction of N entering in crops. We followed an integrated approach analyzing the evolution of the region in the long-term (1860\uffe2\uff80\uff932018) and considering nested spatial- (from grid to region) and systems scales (from crops to the full agro-food system). We hypothesized that, even despite reduction of N inputs, suitable solutions for the abatement of Nr can be identified without compromising crop yields. The most effective option to reduce Nr losses was removing synthetic N fertilizers, leading to 75% reductions in N surpluses mainly due to a reduction of 64% of N inputs, but with associated yield penalties (31%\uffe2\uff80\uff9335%). The most feasible alternative was the removal of urea, resulting in 19% reductions of N inputs, 15%\uffe2\uff80\uff9321% declines in N surplus, and negligible yield losses. While these measures are applied at the field scale, their potential to produce a valuable change can only be assessed at regional scale. Because of this, a spatial analysis was performed showing that largest Nr losses occurred in irrigated horticultural crops. The policy implications of the results are discussed.The future of terrestrial soil carbon stocks plays a crucial role in climate change prediction. Modern machine learning techniques are now widely applied in soil science to predict the spatial distribution of soil properties from observational data. Beyond prediction, the use of machine learning as a data-mining tool offers a promising pathway for improving soil carbon modelling and refining projections of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93carbon feedbacks. In this paper, we review recent advances in the application of machine learning to global soil carbon modelling as a data-mining tool and highlight its potential to drive an iterative feedback loop that improves the representation of soil carbon dynamics in Earth System Models.
Changing temperature regimes and precipitation patterns in the Subarctic will impact on vegetation composition and diversity including those of bryophyte and lichen communities, which are major drivers of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude carbon and nutrient cycling and hydrology.
We investigated the relative importance of such impacts at different temporal, spatial and plant functional scales in subarctic Sphagnum fuscum\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated peatlands, comprising both an in situ warming experiment and natural climatic and topographic gradients in northern Sweden and Norway. We applied multivariate analyses to investigate the relationships among cryptogam and vascular plant species composition and abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (Sphagnum growth) regimes at various scales.
At the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scale (4\uffe2\uff80\uff90year warming experiment), increased temperature yielded no clear effect on cryptogam or vascular plant species composition. Spatially, direct effects of temperature were decisive for overall species composition across regions (macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale) rather than within one region (meso\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale). Moisture and Sphagnum growth were drivers of species composition at all spatial scales, and Sphagnum growth itself depended on its position on the microtopographic gradient and on temperature.
Grouping of bryophytes and lichens at increasing scales of functional aggregation from species, growth form to the major higher taxon level (Sphagnum, other mosses, liverworts, lichens) revealed mostly increasing correlation with climate regimes and Sphagnum growth. Excluding liverworts from the analysis tended to reduce the correlation.
Abundances of lichens, liverworts, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90Sphagnum mosses and (to a lesser degree) vascular plants were negatively related to Sphagnum abundance. Few cryptogam and vascular plant species showed a positive relationship with Sphagnum abundance. Correspondingly, cryptogam species richness and Shannon Index on peatlands strongly declined as Sphagnum abundance increased, while indices for vascular plants showed no significant relationship.
Synthesis. Scale, be it spatial or functional, strongly determined which environmental drivers showed the clearest relationships with vegetation composition and diversity. Our findings will help to optimize predictions about long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of climate on peatland vegetation composition, and subsequently its feedbacks to carbon and water cycles, at the regional scale.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "simulated environmental-change", "species composition", "western canada", "alaskan arctic tundra", "response surfaces", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "hylocomium-splendens", "13. Climate action", "physical gradients", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "nutrient availability", "community structure", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/jpe/rtr046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-16", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Water And Nitrogen Addition On Soil Microbial Communities In A Semiarid Steppe", "description": "Aims Better understanding of microbial compositional and physiological acclimation mechanisms is critical for predicting terrestrial ecosystem responses to global change. The aim is to assess variations in soil microbial communities under future scenarios of changing precipitation and N deposition in a semiarid grassland of northern China. Methods In order to explicitly estimate microbial responses, a field experiment with water and N addition was established in April 2005 and continuously conducted for 4 years. Specifically, soil microbial community composition and microbial C utilization potential were determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and community-level physiological profiles, respectively.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtr046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/jpe/rtr046", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/jpe/rtr046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/jpe/rtr046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac652d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-07", "title": "Polyester microplastic fibers in soil increase nitrogen loss via leaching and decrease plant biomass production and N uptake", "description": "AbstractMicroplastic contamination, like other global change factors, can induce effects on ecosystem functions and processes, affecting various soil biophysical properties. However, effects of such contaminants on nutrient cycles in agroecosystems are still poorly understood. We here performed two pot experiments to investigate the effect of polyester microplastic fibers (PMFs) on soil physical properties, nitrogen cycle, and plant performance in a maize-based agroecosystem. Moreover, we followed the N loss via leaching in soil contaminated or not with PMFs by simulating heavy rainfall events that mimic a future scenario of climate change. Our results show that soil contaminated with PMFs (at a concentration of 0.5% w/w) can jeopardize agroecosystem sustainability by affecting soil physical properties and in particular soil macro- and microporosity, the nitrogen cycle, and plant performance. In particular, we found that soil PMF contamination limited crop growth and N uptake by circa 30%, and consequently increased N loss via leaching. Overall, our findings show that soil contamination with PMFs may pose problems to future agricultural challenges like food security and environmental protection.
", "keywords": ["plant nitrogen uptake", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "0303 health sciences", "agroecosystem sustainability", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "6. Clean water", "microplastic in soil", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "soil properties", "nitrogen cycle", "GE1-350", "nitrogen leaching", "TD1-1066"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac652d"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac652d", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac652d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ac652d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac9b50", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-19", "title": "Synthesizing the evidence of nitrous oxide mitigation practices in agroecosystems", "description": "AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils are the main source of atmospheric N2O, a potent greenhouse gas and key ozone-depleting substance. Several agricultural practices with potential to mitigate N2O emissions have been tested worldwide. However, to guide policymaking for reducing N2O emissions from agricultural soils, it is necessary to better understand the overall performance and variability of mitigation practices and identify those requiring further investigation. We performed a systematic review and a second-order meta-analysis to assess the abatement efficiency of N2O mitigation practices from agricultural soils. We used 27 meta-analyses including 41 effect sizes based on 1119 primary studies. Technology-driven solutions (e.g. enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, drip irrigation, and biochar) and optimization of fertilizer rate have considerable mitigation potential. Agroecological mitigation practices (e.g. organic fertilizer and reduced tillage), while potentially contributing to soil quality and carbon storage, may enhance N2O emissions and only lead to reductions under certain pedoclimatic and farming conditions. Other mitigation practices (e.g. lime amendment or crop residue removal) led to marginal N2O decreases. Despite the variable mitigation potential, evidencing the context-dependency of N2O reductions and tradeoffs, several mitigation practices may maintain or increase crop production, representing relevant alternatives for policymaking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and safeguard food security.Plastic pollution in terrestrial environments is a global issue due to its adverse effects on soil health, with negative impacts on ecosystem services and food production. However, the enormous heterogeneity of both plastic and soil characteristics complicate the assessment of the impact and overall trends in plastic-induced changes in soil properties beyond experimental conditions. In this work, we have carried out a systematic and in-depth review of the existing literature on the impact of plastics on soil physical properties. To this end, we have quantified the effects of macro- (MaP, >5000 \uffce\uffbcm) and micro-plastics (MiP, <5000 \uffce\uffbcm) on soil bulk density, soil porosity, water-stable aggregates (WSAs), saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil moisture at field capacity (FC), based on four characteristics of plastics: polymer types, shapes and sizes of plastic particles, and plastic concentrations in soil. Results showed that MaPs and MiPs significantly modified the values of the analyzed soil physical properties compared to the control without plastic in over 50% of the experimental dataset, albeit with a large variability, from a reduction to an increase in values, depending on the specific experimental conditions and the soil physical property. Depending on the plastic concentration, soil bulk density and porosity decreased moderately (4%\uffe2\uff80\uff936%) with MiP and MaP. MiP reduced WSA by an average of 20%, ranging from a 40% decrease to a 20% increase depending on the shapes and concentration of MiP. Saturated hydraulic conductivity changed depending on the polymer types, shapes, and concentrations of MaP and MiP, varying from a 70% decrease to a 40% increase. Soil water content at FC varied depending on the soil texture, and concentration and sizes distribution of conventional MiP, decreasing from 10% to 65%. However, biodegradable plastic increased soil water content at FC. The few studies available provide evidence that not enough attention is being paid to soil physical properties influenced by plastic input. It is recommended to consider the wide range of characteristics of MaP and MiP and their effects on soil physical properties in future studies, for an advance understanding of the impact of MiP and MaP on soil health in the medium-long term under different environmental conditions.In the modern world, many people are changing old dietary and lifestyle habits to improve the quality of their living\uffe2\uff80\uff94to treat or just prevent possible diseases. The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the food and lifestyle impact on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various population groups. It was done by employing a recently validated portable membrane-inlet mass spectrometer\uffe2\uff80\uff94MIMS. Thus, the obtained results would also represent the additional confirmation for the employment of the new instrument in the breath analysis. The pilot study involved 151 participants across Europe, including people with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, people with poor-quality diet and professional athletes. Exhaled breath acetone, ethanol, isoprene, and n-pentane levels were determined in samples before the meal, and 120 min after the meal. Obtained basal ppbv values were mainly in accordance with previously reported, which confirms that MIMS instrument can be used in the breath analysis. Combining the quantified levels along with the information about the participants\uffe2\uff80\uff99 lifestyle habits collected via questionnaire, an assessment of the food and lifestyle impact was obtained. Notable alteration in examined VOC levels upon meal consumption was detected in more than 70% of all participants, with exception for isoprene, which was affected in about half of participants. Lifestyle parameters impact was examined using statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks test. Statistically significant differences in basal breath VOC levels were observed among all examined population groups. Also, n-pentane and ethanol levels significantly differed in people of different ages, as well as acetone levels in people with different physical activity habits. These findings are promising for further, more focused research using MIMS technique in breath analysis.Sedimentation is one of the limiting factors for coral life. Suspended and deposited sediment have negative effects on the coral community. The rate of sedimentation can lead to low coral cover, low growth rate and low recruitment. Sediment that enters inner Ambon bay comes from 8 rivers around the bay. In this research, we assess coral reefs condition, calculate the rate of sedimentation, analyze effects of sedimentation on the coral reefs, and observe the change of coral reefs condition in inner Ambon Bay. Distribution and general condition of coral reefs was observed using manta tow method. Three places were then chosen to be surveyed in detail using line intercept transect to determine the percentage of coral cover. Resuspendedsedimet were measured by using sediment traps placed on coral reefs for 3 days. Sea water was collected with Niskin bottle, filtered and analyzed in laboratory to determine suspended particulate matter. The results showed that percentage of coral cover in Hunut, Kate-Kate and Halong are 5.62%, 5.26%, and 8.92% respectively and fall into the category of poor coral reef condition. The percentage of coral cover decreased progressively since 1985. The suspended particulate matter in three locations is more than 20 mg/l and resuspension sediment at Kate-kate is 18.39 mg/cm2/day, Hunut 16.29 mg/cm2/day, and Halong 10.12 mg/cm2/day. The degree of sedimentation in inner Ambon Bay is at the level of moderate to severe.Piraeus, the third largest city within Greece constitutes one of the most significant ports in the east Mediterranean region. Inhabited since 2,600 B.C. Piraeus evolved to serve as the seaport of Athens that hosted a powerful commercial and military fleet and fortified the city during classical antiquity. Remains of Piraeus past prominence is evident through the numerous archaeological findings found throughout the city. The commercial significance of Piraeus continued in modern history soon after the establishment of the Greek state. Various interventions that included the development of the Athens-Piraeus railway line in 1869, the development of the railway link between Piraeus and the Peloponnese and northern Greece, as well as the development of the Corinth Canal in 1893 contributed in increasing port-traffic and initiating industrial development. The rapid urbanisation and industrialisation process resulted in the city\uffe2\uff80\uff99s environmental degradation. In recent years Piraeus has been subjected to further degradation through de-industrialisation and downsizing of the trade industry. Nature-based solutions (NBS) aim to integrate more nature, natural features and processes within cities, landscapes and seascapes while providing environmental, economic and social benefits and contributing to building resilience. The public authorities together with the stakeholders from the private sector and civil society co- design, create and manage green infrastructure for post-industrial regeneration. The study presented constitutes part of the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cproGIreg\uffe2\uff80\uff9d project funded by the European Commission programme \uffe2\uff80\uff9cHorizon 2020\uffe2\uff80\uff9d. A detailed site analysis of the Municipality of Piraeus was undertaken under four thematic headings: Socio-cultural inclusiveness, Human health and wellbeing, Ecological and environmental restoration, Economic and labour market. The main findings of the spatial analysis are presented which lead to the identification of two sites for the use of NBS.
", "keywords": ["9. Industry and infrastructure", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "8. Economic growth", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "0601 history and archaeology", "06 humanities and the arts", "02 engineering and technology", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1099146/6/Paraskevopoulou_2019_IOP_Conf._Ser.__Earth_Environ._Sci._296_012003%20%26%20name.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IOP%20Conference%20Series%3A%20Earth%20and%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-18", "title": "New insights on protective treatments for marble by FIB-SEM", "description": "In this study, we investigated by FIB-SEM the microstructure of protective coatings formed by two inorganic treatments (namely, ammonium oxalate and ammonium phosphate solutions), with the aim of identifying the factors limiting the protective efficacy of the coatings and outlining possible improvement strategies. In the case of the oxalate treatment, the resulting layer of whewellite was found to contain vertical channels, which can allow water to reach the marble surface and trigger dissolution. Possible prevention of the formation of these channels by addition of a calcium source to the oxalate solution was attempted, but even micromolar additions led to rapid precipitation in the solution. In the case of the phosphate treatment, the resulting hydroxyapatite and octacalcium phosphate coating was found to be cracked and porous. To prevent cracks and pores, diminishing the ammonium phosphate concentration and adding ethanol to the solution were found to be effective strategies, as cracks were prevented and pores were reduced almost to zero. The resulting protective efficacy of the coating was found to be significantly improved, although still not perfect.", "keywords": ["Hydroxyapatite; Inorganic coatings; Marble; Calcium oxalate; Protective coatings", "FIB; XRD; Inorganic protectives; Hydroxyapatite; Calcium phosphates; Calcium oxalate; Porosity; Marble; Acid attack", "02 engineering and technology", "ING-IND/22 Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali", "IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering", "0210 nano-technology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/643033/3/Sassoni%20et%20al%20%282018%29%20New%20Insights%20by%20FIB-SEM%20on%20Protective%20Treatments.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IOP%20Conference%20Series%3A%20Materials%20Science%20and%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012073", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-18", "title": "Photocatalytic hydroxyapatite-titania nanocomposites for preventive conservation of marble", "description": "Soiling of external surfaces is an increasing issue for conservation of architectural heritage. Providing architectural surfaces with self-cleaning ability is one of the most promising routes of preventive conservation. To this aim, several methods have been proposed in the literature, based on the use of photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles, either directly applied onto the surfaces or incorporated in protective coatings. However, when nano-TiO2 is directly applied onto architectural surfaces, the particles are easily removed by rain. When TiO2 is incorporated in polymeric coatings, durability issues arise as well, because the photoactivity of TiO2 nanoparticles can promote degradation of the polymer. Here, we present an innovative alternative method, based on combination of TiO2 nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite (HAP). The incorporation of nano-TiO2 into an HAP coating protects the nanoparticles from leaching by rain, thanks to the chemical bonding between TiO2 and HAP, without diminishing their photoactivity. As a result, marble treated with HAP-TiO2 composites exhibits high self-cleaning ability and high durability, with results superior to those achieve by direct application of nano-TiO2 onto the surface, as frequently performed on site.", "keywords": ["Durability; Hydroxyapatite; Marble; Nanoparticles; Protective coatings; Rain", "02 engineering and technology", "ING-IND/22 Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali", "Soiling; Photocatalytic activity; Selfcleaning; Titanium dioxide; Hydroxyapatite; Calcium phosphate; Durability; Leaching", "IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/643036/1/Sassoni%20et%20al%20%282018%29%20Photocatalytic%20HAP-TiO2%20nano-composites.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012073"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IOP%20Conference%20Series%3A%20Materials%20Science%20and%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012073", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012073", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012073"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1757-899x/949/1/012058", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-11", "title": "The RESEARCH project. Soil-related hazards and archaeological heritage in the challenge of climate change", "description": "AbstractArchaeological Heritage, naturally endangered by environmental processes and anthropogenic pressures, is today increasingly at risk, because of intense human activities and climate change, and their impact on atmosphere and soil. European research is increasingly dedicated to the development of good practices for monitoring archaeological sites and their preservation. One of the running projects about these topics is RESEARCH (Remote Sensing techniques for Archaeology; H2020-MSCA-RISE, grant agreement: 823987), started in 2018 and ending in 2022. RESEARCH aims at testing risk assessment methodology using an integrated system of documentation and research in the fields of archaeology and environmental studies. It will introduce a strategy and select the most efficient tools for the harmonization of different data, criteria, and indicators in order to produce an effective risk assessment. These will be used to assess and monitor the impact of soil erosion, land movement, and land-use change on tangible archaeological heritage assets. As a final product, the Project addresses the development of a multi-task thematic platform, combining advanced remote sensing technologies with GIS application. The demonstration and validation of the Platform will be conducted on six case studies located in Italy, Greece, Cyprus, and Poland, and variously affected by the threats considered by the Project. In the frame of RISE (Research and Innovation Staff Exchange), RESEARCH will coordinate the existing expertise and research efforts of seven beneficiaries into a synergetic plan of collaborations and exchanges of personnel (Ph.D. students and research staff), to offer a comprehensive transfer of knowledge and training environment for the researchers in the specific area. This paper aims at illustrating the results of the activities conducted during the first year of the Project, which consisted in developing an effective risk assessment methodology for soil-related threats affecting archaeological heritage, and defining the scientific requirements and the user requirements of the Platform. The activities have been conducted in synergy with all the Partners and were supported by the possibility of staff exchange allowed by the funding frame MSCA-RISE.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Research; Remote sensing; environmental", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "de Angeli S., Battistin F., Serpetti M., Iorio A. D., Moresi F. V.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1481228/2/Moresi_Research-project_2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/949/1/012058"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IOP%20Conference%20Series%3A%20Materials%20Science%20and%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1757-899x/949/1/012058", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1757-899x/949/1/012058", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1757-899x/949/1/012058"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-17", "title": "Spartina alterniflora has the highest methane emissions in a St. Lawrence estuary salt marsh", "description": "AbstractSalt marshes have the ability to store large amounts of \uffe2\uff80\uff98blue carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff99, potentially mitigating some of the effects of climate change. Salt marsh carbon storage may be partially offset by emissions of CH4, a highly potent greenhouse gas. Sea level rise and invasive vegetation may cause shifts between different elevation and vegetation zones in salt marsh ecosystems. Elevation zones have distinct soil properties, plant traits and rhizosphere characteristics, which affect CH4 fluxes. We investigated differences in CH4 emissions between four elevation zones (mudflat, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens and invasive Phragmites australis) typical of salt marshes in the northern Northwest Atlantic. CH4 emissions were significantly higher from the S. alterniflora zone (17.7 \uffc2\uffb1 9.7 mg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) compared to the other three zones, where emissions were negligible (<0.3 mg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922h\uffe2\uff88\uff921). These emissions were high for salt marshes and were similar to those typically found in oligohaline marshes with lower salinities. CH4 fluxes were significantly correlated with soil properties (salinity, water table depth, bulk density and temperature), plant traits (rhizome volume and biomass, root volume and dead biomass volume all at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) and CO2 fluxes. The relationships between CH4 emissions, and rhizome and root volume suggest that the aerenchyma tissues in these plants may be a major transport mechanism of CH4 from anoxic soils to the atmosphere. This may have major implications for the mitigation potential carbon sink from salt marshes globally, especially as S. alterniflora is widespread. This study shows CH4 fluxes can vary over orders of magnitude from different vegetation in the same system, therefore, specific emissions factors may need to be used in future climate models and for more accurate carbon budgeting depending on vegetation type.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "salt marsh", " methane", " elevation zone", " spartina alterniflora", " spartina patens", " mudflat", " phragmites australis", " quebec", " st lawrence river", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%3A%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-29", "title": "Fluvial Regimes, Morphometry, and Age of Jezero Crater Paleolake Inlet Valleys and Their Exobiological Significance for the 2020 Rover Mission Landing Site", "description": "Jezero crater has been selected as the landing site for the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, because it contains a paleolake with two fan-deltas, inlet and outlet valleys. Using the data from the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) and the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), we conducted a quantitative geomorphological study of the inlet valleys of the Jezero paleolake. Results show that the strongest erosion is related to a network of deep valleys that cut into the highland bedrock well upstream of the Jezero crater and likely formed before the formation of the regional olivine-rich unit. In contrast, the lower sections of valleys display poor bedrock erosion and a lack of tributaries but are characterized by the presence of pristine landforms interpreted as fluvial bars from preserved channels, the discharge rates of which have been estimated at 103-104 m3s-1. The valleys' lower sections postdate the olivine-rich unit, are linked directly to the fan-deltas, and are thus formed in an energetic, late stage of activity. Although a Late Noachian age for the fan-deltas' formation is not excluded based on crosscutting relationships and crater counts, this indicates evidence of a Hesperian age with significant implications for exobiology.", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "550", "landing site", "Extraterrestrial Environment", "Datasets as Topic", "Magnesium Compounds", "Mars", "01 natural sciences", "HRSC", "HiRISE", "[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Taverne", "Exobiology", "0103 physical sciences", "Perseverance rover", "Off-Road Motor Vehicles", "Spacecraft", "fluvial landforms", "Fluvial deposits", " Sedimentology", " Landing site", " Mars", " Perseverance rover", "", "Landing site", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Silicates", "500", "15. Life on land", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Fluvial landforms", "Lakes", "Space and Planetary Science", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Iron Compounds"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Astrobiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "name": "item", "description": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1089/ast.2022.0062", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-22", "title": "Rock Traits Drive Complex Microbial Communities at the Edge of Life", "description": "Antarctic deserts are among the driest and coldest ecosystems of the planet; there, some microbes survive under these extreme conditions inside porous rocks, forming the so-called endolithic communities. Yet the contribution of distinct rock traits to support complex microbial assemblies remains poorly determined. Here, we combined an extensive Antarctic rock survey with rock microbiome sequencing and ecological networks and found that contrasting combinations of microclimatic and rock traits such as thermal inertia, porosity, iron concentration, and quartz cement can help explain the multiple complex microbial assemblies found in Antarctic rocks. Our work highlights the pivotal role of rocky substrate heterogeneity in sustaining contrasting groups of microorganisms, which is essential to understand life at the edge on Earth and for the search for life on other rocky planets such as Mars.", "keywords": ["570", "Earth", " Planet", "Habitability", "500", "Antarctica; Extremophiles; Biogeochemistry; Habitability; Astrobiology; Terrestrial analog;", "Planets", "Antarctic Regions", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "Astrobiology", "Extremophiles", "Terrestrial analog", "13. Climate action", "Exobiology", "Antarctica", "14. Life underwater", "Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2022.0062"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Astrobiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1089/ast.2022.0062", "name": "item", "description": "10.1089/ast.2022.0062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1089/ast.2022.0062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/2515-7620/ab3324", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-17", "title": "Contrasting signatures of distinct human water uses in regulated flow regimes", "description": "AbstractIn the last century, about 50,000 dams have been constructed all around the world, and regulated rivers are now pervasive throughout the Earth's landscapes. Damming has produced global-scale alterations of the hydrologic cycle, inducing severe consequences on the ecological and morphological equilibrium of streams. However, a recognizable link between specific uses of reservoirs and their impact on flow regimes has not been disclosed yet. Here, extensive hydrological data are integrated with a physically-based model to investigate hydrological alterations downstream of 47 isolated dams in the Central Eastern U.S. Our results reveal a strong connection between the anthropogenic use and the hydrological impact of dams. Flood control reduces the temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of river flows proportionally to the specific capacity allocated to mitigate floods (i.e., capacity scaled to the average inflow). Conversely, water supply increases the relative variability and regional heterogeneity of streamflows proportionally to the relative amount of withdrawn inflow. Accordingly, downstream of our multipurpose reservoirs the impact of regulation on streamflow variability is smoothed due to the compensating effect of flood control and water supply. Nevertheless, reservoirs with high storage capacity and overlapping uses produce regulated hydrographs that increase their unpredictability for larger aggregation periods and, thus, resemble an autocorrelated red noise. These findings suggest that the increase of freshwater demand could redefine the cumulative effects of dams at regional scale, reshaping the trajectories of eco-morphological alteration of dammed rivers.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ab3324"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/2515-7620/ab3324", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/2515-7620/ab3324", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/2515-7620/ab3324"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/aob/mcaa181", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-07", "title": "Significance of root hairs for plant performance under contrasting field conditions and water deficit", "description": "AbstractBackground and AimsPrevious laboratory studies have suggested selection for root hair traits in future crop breeding to improve resource use efficiency and stress tolerance. However, data on the interplay between root hairs and open-field systems, under contrasting soils and climate conditions, are limited. As such, this study aims to experimentally elucidate some of the impacts that root hairs have on plant performance on a field scale.
MethodsA field experiment was set up in Scotland for two consecutive years, under contrasting climate conditions and different soil textures (i.e. clay loam vs. sandy loam). Five barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes exhibiting variation in root hair length and density were used in the study. Root hair length, density and rhizosheath weight were measured at several growth stages, as well as shoot biomass, plant water status, shoot phosphorus (P) accumulation and grain yield.
Key ResultsMeasurements of root hair density, length and its correlation with rhizosheath weight highlighted trait robustness in the field under variable environmental conditions, although significant variations were found between soil textures as the growing season progressed. Root hairs did not confer a notable advantage to barley under optimal conditions, but under soil water deficit root hairs enhanced plant water status and stress tolerance resulting in a less negative leaf water potential and lower leaf abscisic acid concentration, while promoting shoot P accumulation. Furthermore, the presence of root hairs did not decrease yield under optimal conditions, while root hairs enhanced yield stability under drought.
ConclusionsSelecting for beneficial root hair traits can enhance yield stability without diminishing yield potential, overcoming the breeder\uffe2\uff80\uff99s dilemma of trying to simultaneously enhance both productivity and resilience. Therefore, the maintenance or enhancement of root hairs can represent a key trait for breeding the next generation of crops for improved drought tolerance in relation to climate change.Following the failure of legislative proposals for a multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90sector greenhouse gas (GHG) cap\uffe2\uff80\uff90and\uffe2\uff80\uff90trade policy, the shift in focus to energy sector policies ignores the perhaps substantial potential for GHG mitigation from agriculture/forestry. We review estimates of the current U.S. agriculture sector contribution to GHG mitigation from a portfolio of existing sector policies in bioenergy, conservation, and research and development to compare accomplishments across programs. We then consider what opportunities and challenges may exist for increasing sector GHG mitigation by retargeting and/or expanding current programs\uffe2\uff80\uff94or for bioenergy\uffe2\uff80\uff90related mitigation, implementing proposed new programs\uffe2\uff80\uff94to serve as an alternative to cap\uffe2\uff80\uff90and\uffe2\uff80\uff90trade.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Carol Adaire Jones, Cynthia J. Nickerson, Paul W. Heisey,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/aepp/ppt020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Economic%20Perspectives%20and%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/aepp/ppt020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/aepp/ppt020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/aepp/ppt020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/ajae/aat037", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-29", "title": "Economic, Energy Security, And Greenhouse Gas Effects Of Biofuels: Implications For Policy", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Madhu Khanna, Xiaoguang Chen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aat037"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/ajae/aat037", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/ajae/aat037", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/ajae/aat037"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/aob/mcac022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-14", "title": "Plant responses to heterogeneous salinity: agronomic relevance and research priorities", "description": "Abstract BackgroundSoil salinity, in both natural and managed environments, is highly heterogeneous, and understanding how plants respond to this spatiotemporal heterogeneity is increasingly important for sustainable agriculture in the era of global climate change. While the vast majority of research on crop response to salinity utilizes homogeneous saline conditions, a much smaller, but important, effort has been made in the past decade to understand plant molecular and physiological responses to heterogeneous salinity mainly by using split-root studies. These studies have begun to unravel how plants compensate for water/nutrient deprivation and limit salt stress by optimizing root-foraging in the most favourable parts of the soil.
ScopeThis paper provides an overview of the patterns of salinity heterogeneity in rain-fed and irrigated systems. We then discuss results from split-root studies and the recent progress in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating plant responses to heterogeneous root-zone salinity and nutrient conditions. We focus on mechanisms by which plants (salt/nutrient sensing, root-shoot signalling and water uptake) could optimize the use of less-saline patches within the root-zone, thereby enhancing growth under heterogeneous soil salinity conditions. Finally, we place these findings in the context of defining future research priorities, possible irrigation management and crop breeding opportunities to improve productivity from salt-affected lands.
", "keywords": ["Nutrient heterogeneity", "Water uptake", "Root-to-shoot signalling", "Salinity", "550", "Plant Biology & Botany", "Plant Biology", "Irrigation; nutrient heterogeneity; phytohormones; root foraging; root-to-shoot signalling; salt sensing; stomatal conductance; water uptake", "Stomatal conductance", "Salt sensing", "Plant Roots", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "root foraging", "Soil", "Irrigation", "salt sensing", "Root foraging", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Forestry Sciences", "Research", "nutrient heterogeneity", "Water", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "root-to-shoot signalling", "phytohormones", "Phytohormones", "stomatal conductance", "13. Climate action", "Zero Hunger", "water uptake"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/166913/1/21783_2_merged_1643798007.pdf"}, {"href": "https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-pdf/129/5/499/43374309/mcac022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt7t32v7cc/qt7t32v7cc.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/aob/mcac022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/aob/mcac022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/aob/mcac022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/aob/mcab107", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-17", "title": "Disentangling water sources in a gypsum plant community. Gypsum crystallization water is a key source of water for shallow-rooted plants", "description": "AbstractBackground and AimsGypsum drylands are widespread worldwide. In these arid ecosystems, the ability of different species to access different water sources during drought is a key determining factor of the composition of plant communities. Gypsum crystallization water could be a relevant source of water for shallow-rooted plants, but the segregation in the use of this source of water among plants remains unexplored. We analysed the principal water sources used by 20 species living in a gypsum hilltop, the effect of rooting depth and gypsum affinity, and the interaction of the plants with the soil beneath them.
MethodsWe characterized the water stable isotope composition, \uffce\uffb4\uffe2\uff80\uff8a2H and \uffce\uffb4\uffe2\uff80\uff8a18O, of plant xylem water and related it to the free and gypsum crystallization water extracted from different depths throughout the soil profile and the groundwater, in both spring and summer. Bayesian isotope mixing models were used to estimate the contribution of water sources to plant xylem sap.
Key ResultsIn spring, all species used free water from the top soil as the main source. In summer, there was segregation in water sources used by different species depending on their rooting depth, but not on their gypsum affinity. Gypsum crystallization water was the main source for most shallow-rooted species, whereas free water from 50 to 100 cm depth was the main source for deep-rooted species. We detected plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interactions in spring, and indirect evidence of possible hydraulic lift by deep-rooted species in summer.
ConclusionsPlants coexisting in gypsum communities segregate their hydrological niches according to their rooting depth. Crystallization water of gypsum represents an unaccounted for, vital source for most of the shallow-rooted species growing on gypsum drylands. Thus, crystallization water helps shallow-rooted species to endure arid conditions, which eventually accounts for the maintenance of high biodiversity in these specialized ecosystems.Gypsum soils are amongst the most widespread extreme substrates of the world, occurring in 112 countries. This type of hypercalcic substrate has a suite of extreme physical and chemical properties that make it stressful for plant establishment and growth. Extreme chemical properties include low plant-available nitrogen and phosphorus and high plant-available sulphur and calcium, which impose strong nutritional imbalances on plants. In spite of these edaphic barriers, gypsum soils harbour rich endemic floras that have evolved independently on five continents, with highly specialized species. Plants that only grow on gypsum are considered soil specialists, and they have a foliar elemental composition similar to the elemental availability of gypsum soils, with high calcium, sulphur and magnesium accumulation. However, the physiological and ecological role of the unique foliar elemental composition of gypsum specialists remains poorly understood, and it is unknown whether it provides an ecological advantage over other generalist species on gypsum soils. This article reviews available literature on the impact of gypsum soil features on plant life and the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to gypsum environments. We conclude with a hypothesis on the potential role of the nutritional strategy underlying plant specialization to gypsum soils: Gypsum specialists primarily use SO42\uffe2\uff80\uff93 as a counter anion to tolerate high Ca2+ concentrations in cells and avoid phosphorus depletion, which is one of the most limiting nutrients in gypsum soils.Analysis of focal copy number variations (CNVs) is highly relevant for cancer research, as they pinpoint driver genes. More specifically, due to selective pressure oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are more often affected by these events than neighboring passengers. In cases where multiple candidates co-reside in a genomic locus, careful comparison is required to either identify multigenic minimally deleted regions of synergistic co-mutations, or the true single driver gene. The study of focal CNVs in large cancer genome cohorts requires specialized visualization and statistical analysis.
ResultsWe developed the GenomeTornadoPlot R-package which generates gene-centric visualizations of CNV types, locations and lengths from cohortwise NGS data. Furthermore, the software enables the pairwise comparison of proximate genes to identify co-mutation patterns or driver-passenger hierarchies. The visual examination provided by GenomeTornadoPlot is further supported by adaptable local and global focality scoring. Integrated into the GenomeTornadoPlot R-Package is the comprehensive PCAWG database of CNVs, comprising 2976 cancer genome entities from 46 cohorts of the Pan-cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project. The GenomeTornadoPlot R-package can be used to perform exploratory or hypothesis-driven analyses on the basis of the PCAWG data or in combination with data provided by the user.
Availability and implementationGenomeTornadoPlot is written in R script and released via github: <https://github.com/chenhong-dkfz/GenomeTornadoPlot/>. The package is under the license of GPL-3.0.
", "keywords": ["570", "DNA Copy Number Variations", "ddc-570", "Genomics", "Oncogenes", "004 Data processing Computer science", "Software", "ddc-004", "570 Life sciences", "004", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/34483/1/btac037.pdf"}, {"href": "https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserverhttps://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/34483/1/btac037.pdf"}, {"href": "https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/38/7/2036/49009547/btac037.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac037"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioinformatics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btac037", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btac037", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac037"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-19", "title": "MOOMIN - Mathematical explOration of 'Omics data on a MetabolIc Network", "description": "Abstract MotivationAnalysis of differential expression of genes is often performed to understand how the metabolic activity of an organism is impacted by a perturbation. However, because the system of metabolic regulation is complex and all changes are not directly reflected in the expression levels, interpreting these data can be difficult.
ResultsIn this work, we present a new algorithm and computational tool that uses a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction to infer metabolic changes from differential expression data. Using the framework of constraint-based analysis, our method produces a qualitative hypothesis of a change in metabolic activity. In other words, each reaction of the network is inferred to have increased, decreased, or remained unchanged in flux. In contrast to similar previous approaches, our method does not require a biological objective function and does not assign on/off activity states to genes. An implementation is provided and it is available online. We apply the method to three published datasets to show that it successfully accomplishes its two main goals: confirming or rejecting metabolic changes suggested by differentially expressed genes based on how well they fit in as parts of a coordinated metabolic change, as well as inferring changes in reactions whose genes did not undergo differential expression.
Availability and implementationgithub.com/htpusa/moomin.
Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "[SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM]", "Metabolic networks; omics data", "Genome", "[INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS]", "0206 medical engineering", "610", "Computational Biology", "[INFO.INFO-DS] Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS]", "02 engineering and technology", "[SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM]", "Original Papers", "Models", " Biological", "03 medical and health sciences", "[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]", "Algorithms", "Metabolic Networks and Pathways", "[INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1321358/5/Pusa_MOOMIN_2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/36/2/514/48991611/btz584.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioinformatics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/femsec/fiae152", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-19", "title": "A respiro-fermentative strategy to survive nanoxia in Acidobacterium capsulatum", "description": "AbstractMicrobial soil habitats are characterized by rapid shifts in substrate and nutrient availabilities, as well as chemical and physical parameters. One such parameter that can vary in soil is oxygen; thus, microbial survival is dependent on adaptation to this substrate. To better understand the metabolic abilities and adaptive strategies to oxygen-deprived environments, we combined genomics with transcriptomics of a model organism, Acidobacterium capsulatum, to explore the effect of decreasing, environmentally relevant oxygen concentrations. The decrease from 10 to 0.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M oxygen (3.6 to 0.036 pO2% present atmospheric level, respectively) caused the upregulation of the transcription of genes involved in signal transduction mechanisms, energy production and conversion and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism based on clusters of orthologous group categories. Contrary to established observations for aerobic metabolism, key genes in oxidative stress response were significantly upregulated at lower oxygen concentrations, presumably due to an NADH/NAD+ redox ratio imbalance as the cells transitioned into nanoxia. Furthermore, A. capsulatum adapted to nanoxia by inducing a respiro-fermentative metabolism and rerouting fluxes of its central carbon and energy pathways to adapt to high NADH/NAD+ redox ratios. Our results reveal physiological features and metabolic capabilities that allowed A. capsulatum to adapt to oxygen-limited conditions, which could expand into other environmentally relevant soil strains.Child welfare (CW) reforms have called for including family and youth voice. Yet, most initiatives have remained at individual levels, and research has rarely included youth, parent and professional voices simultaneously and equally. This study sought to integrate these perspectives and identify systems-level strategies that could reimagine CW. Using an arts-based method and thematic analysis, researchers investigated recommendations for policy and practice changes needed to transform CW to better support youth. Data were collected from individual and relational poems written by forty-one participants, including youth with foster care (FC) experience and CW professionals. Participants were located in a Midwestern state in the USA. Four themes were generated and several key findings were highlighted. First, results demonstrated relationship-building as central to supporting youth in FC. Secondly, participants described complex, fragmented and fluctuating views about the purpose of CW. Thirdly, strong emotions were commonly demonstrated by both youth and professionals. Fourthly, participants offered prescriptive actions needed to better support youth. Overall, this study indicates that CW should centre relationship-building, youth self-determination and practices that build resilience for youth and professionals. Findings also provide hope for transforming CW towards an accountable, family-centred, well-being system.Transformation products (TPs) of man-made chemicals, formed through microbially mediated transformation in the environment, can have serious adverse environmental effects, yet the analytical identification of TPs is challenging. Rule-based prediction tools are successful in predicting TPs, especially in environmental chemistry applications that typically have to rely on small datasets, by imparting the existing knowledge on enzyme-mediated biotransformation reactions. However, the rules extracted from biotransformation reaction databases usually face the issue of being over/under-generalized and are not flexible to be updated with new reactions.
ResultsWe developed an automatic rule extraction tool called enviRule. It clusters biotransformation reactions into different groups based on the similarities of reaction fingerprints, and then automatically extracts and generalizes rules for each reaction group in SMARTS format. It optimizes the genericity of automatic rules against the downstream TP prediction task. Models trained with automatic rules outperformed the models trained with manually curated rules by 30% in the area under curve (AUC) scores. Moreover, automatic rules can be easily updated with new reactions, highlighting enviRule\uffe2\uff80\uff99s strengths for both automatic extraction of optimized reactions rules and automated updating thereof.
Availability and implementationenviRule code is freely available at https://github.com/zhangky12/enviRule.
", "keywords": ["10120 Department of Chemistry", "Statistics and Probability", "Original Paper", "1303 Biochemistry", "Computational Biology", "Biochemistry", "Computer Science Applications", "Computational Mathematics", "Computational Theory and Mathematics", "13. Climate action", "540 Chemistry", "1312 Molecular Biology", "1706 Computer Science Applications", "2613 Statistics and Probability", "2605 Computational Mathematics", "Molecular Biology", "Biotransformation", "1703 Computational Theory and Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btad407"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioinformatics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btad407", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/bioinformatics/btad407", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/bioinformatics/btad407"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=at&offset=7050&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=at&offset=7050&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=at&offset=7000", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=at&offset=7100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 22594, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-05T05:52:21.852261Z"}