{"type": "FeatureCollection", "facets": {"type": {"type": "terms", "property": "type", "buckets": [{"value": "Journal Article", "count": 137}, {"value": "Dataset", "count": 20}, {"value": "Service", "count": 5}, {"value": "Report", "count": 4}, {"value": null, "count": 3}, {"value": "Other", "count": 1}]}, "soil_chemical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_chemical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "soil organic matter", "count": 33}, {"value": "carbon", "count": 26}, {"value": "soil organic carbon", "count": 19}, {"value": "mineral fertilisers", "count": 8}, {"value": "potassium", "count": 7}, {"value": "magnesium", "count": 4}, {"value": "nitrous oxide", "count": 4}, {"value": "sulphur", "count": 3}, {"value": "nitrate", "count": 3}, {"value": "cation exchange capacity", "count": 2}, {"value": "copper", "count": 2}, {"value": "calcium", "count": 2}, {"value": "zinc", "count": 2}, {"value": "iron", "count": 2}, {"value": "aluminium", "count": 2}, {"value": "manganese", "count": 2}, {"value": "cadmium", "count": 2}, {"value": "methane", "count": 1}, {"value": "nutrients", "count": 1}, {"value": "urea", "count": 1}]}, "soil_biological_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_biological_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "respiration", "count": 8}, {"value": "plants", "count": 5}, {"value": "biomass production", "count": 3}, {"value": "microbial biomass", "count": 3}, {"value": "soil organisms", "count": 3}, {"value": "vegetation", "count": 3}, {"value": "biodiversity", "count": 2}]}, "soil_physical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_physical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "water", "count": 4}, {"value": "bulk density", "count": 2}, {"value": "aggregate stability", "count": 1}, {"value": "hydraulic conductivity", "count": 1}, {"value": "soil stability", "count": 1}]}, "soil_classification": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_classification", "buckets": [{"value": "agricultural soils", "count": 4}, {"value": "forest soils", "count": 3}, {"value": "sandy soils", "count": 3}, {"value": "alfisols", "count": 1}]}, "soil_functions": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_functions", "buckets": [{"value": "soil fertility", "count": 170}, {"value": "crop yields", "count": 10}, {"value": "ecosystem services", "count": 8}, {"value": "soil biodiversity", "count": 4}, {"value": "water conservation", "count": 4}, {"value": "productivity", "count": 3}, {"value": "decomposition", "count": 2}, {"value": "food security", "count": 2}, {"value": "land cover change", "count": 2}, {"value": "macronutrients", "count": 1}]}, "soil_threats": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_threats", "buckets": [{"value": "soil degradation", "count": 8}, {"value": "soil erosion", "count": 7}, {"value": "soil acidification", "count": 6}, {"value": "soil compaction", "count": 3}, {"value": "degraded soils", "count": 2}, {"value": "waterlogging", "count": 2}, {"value": "soil sealing", "count": 2}, {"value": "soil excavation", "count": 2}, {"value": "desertification", "count": 1}, {"value": "acidification", "count": 1}, {"value": "soil organic carbon losses", "count": 1}, {"value": "land degradation", "count": 1}]}, "soil_processes": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_processes", "buckets": [{"value": "greenhouse gas emissions", "count": 2}]}, "soil_management": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_management", "buckets": [{"value": "plant residues", "count": 7}, {"value": "cultivation", "count": 6}, {"value": "compost", "count": 5}, {"value": "biomaterials", "count": 2}, {"value": "animal manure", "count": 1}]}, "ecosystem_services": {"type": "terms", "property": "ecosystem_services", "buckets": [{"value": "ecosystem functioning", "count": 3}, {"value": "terrestrial ecosystems", "count": 2}, {"value": "ecosystem functions", "count": 1}, {"value": "hydrological cycle", "count": 1}]}}, "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-13", "title": "Soil quality \u2013 A critical review", "description": "Sampling and analysis or visual examination of soil to assess its status and use potential is widely practiced from plot to national scales. However, the choice of relevant soil attributes and interpretation of measurements are not straightforward, because of the complexity and site-specificity of soils, legacy effects of previous land use, and trade-offs between ecosystem services. Here we review soil quality and related concepts, in terms of definition, assessment approaches, and indicator selection and interpretation. We identify the most frequently used soil quality indicators under agricultural land use. We find that explicit evaluation of soil quality with respect to specific soil threats, soil functions and ecosystem services has rarely been implemented, and few approaches provide clear interpretation schemes of measured indicator values. This limits their adoption by land managers as well as policy. We also consider novel indicators that address currently neglected though important soil properties and processes, and we list the crucial steps in the development of a soil quality assessment procedure that is scientifically sound and supports management and policy decisions that account for the multi-functionality of soil. This requires the involvement of the pertinent actors, stakeholders and end-users to a much larger degree than practiced to date.", "keywords": ["Monitoring", "Ecosystem service", "Land quality", "Soil fertility", "stakeholders", "Soil quality", "tierras", "Soil health", "Stakeholder", "soil quality", "agentes interesados", "Soil capability", "2. Zero hunger", "Minimum data set", "soil health", "soil fertility", "indicadores", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "indicators", "6. Clean water", "ecosystem service", "land", "monitoring", "Indicator", "Soil function", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil threat"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Effect Of Tillage And Crop Rotations On Pore Size Distribution And Soil Hydraulic Conductivity In Sandy Clay Loam Soil Of The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract Tillage management can affect crop growth by altering the pore size distribution, pore geometry and hydraulic properties of soil. In the present communication, the effect of different tillage management viz., conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and zero-tillage (ZT) and different crop rotations viz. [(soybean\u2013wheat (S\u2013W), soybean\u2013lentil (S\u2013L) and soybean\u2013pea (S\u2013P)] on pore size distribution and soil hydraulic conductivities [saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K sat ) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity { k ( h )}] of a sandy clay loam soil was studied after 4 years prior to the experiment. Soil cores were collected after 4 year of the experiment at an interval of 75\u00a0mm up to 300\u00a0mm soil depth for measuring soil bulk density, soil water retention constant ( b ), pore size distribution, K sat and k ( h ). Nine pressure levels (from 2 to 1500\u00a0kPa) were used to calculate pore size distribution and k ( h ). It was observed that b values at all the studied soil depths were higher under ZT than those observed under CT irrespective of the crop rotations. The values of soil bulk density observed under ZT were higher in 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth in all the crop rotations. But, among the crop rotations, soils under S\u2013P and S\u2013L rotations showed relatively lower bulk density values than S\u2013W rotation. Average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.592, 0.610 and 0.626\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. In contrast, the average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores >150\u00a0\u03bcm in diameter (pores draining freely with gravity) were 0.124, 0.096 and 0.095\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.110, 0.104 and 0.101\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. Saturated hydraulic conductivity values in all the studied soil depths were significantly greater under ZT than those under CT (range from 300 to 344\u00a0mm\u00a0day \u22121 ). The observed k ( h ) values at 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth under ZT were significantly higher than those computed under CT at all the suction levels, except at \u221210, \u2212100 and \u2212400\u00a0kPa suction. Among the crop rotations, S\u2013P rotation recorded significantly higher k ( h ) values than those under S\u2013W and S\u2013L rotations up to \u221240\u00a0kPa suction. The interaction effects of tillage and crop rotations affecting the k ( h ) values were found significant at all the soil water suctions. Both S\u2013L and S\u2013P rotations resulted in better soil water retention and transmission properties under ZT.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "550", "Soil hydraulic conductivity", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pore size distribution", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "6. Clean water", "Crop rotation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-24", "title": "Carbon Sequestration And Relationship Between Carbon Addition And Storage Under Rainfed Soybean-Wheat Rotation In A Sandy Loam Soil Of The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract Soil organic matter (SOM) contributes to the productivity and physical properties of soils. Although crop productivity is sustained mainly through the application of organic manure in the Indian Himalayas, no information is available on the effects of long-term manure addition along with mineral fertilizers on C sequestration and the contribution of total C input towards soil organic C (SOC) storage. We analyzed results of a long-term experiment, initiated in 1973 on a sandy loam soil under rainfed conditions to determine the influence of different combinations of NPK fertilizer and fertilizer\u00a0+\u00a0farmyard manure (FYM) at 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 on SOC content and its changes in the 0\u201345\u00a0cm soil depth. Concentration of SOC increased 40 and 70% in the NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM-treated plots as compared to NPK (43.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and unfertilized control plots (35.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 ), respectively. Average annual contribution of C input from soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was 29% and that from wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. Emend. Flori and Paol) was 24% of the harvestable above-ground biomass yield. Annual gross C input and annual rate of total SOC enrichment were 4852 and 900\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 , respectively, for the plots under NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM. It was estimated that 19% of the gross C input contributed towards the increase in SOC content. C loss from native SOM during 30 years averaged 61\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . The estimated quantity of biomass C required to maintain equilibrium SOM content was 321\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . The total annual C input by the soybean\u2013wheat rotation in the plots under unfertilized control was 890\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . Thus, increase in SOC concentration under long-term (30 years) rainfed soybean\u2013wheat cropping was due to the fact that annual C input by the system was higher than the required amount to maintaining equilibrium SOM content.", "keywords": ["Rainfed cropping", "Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "Wheat", "Farmyard manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sub-temperate Indian Himalayas"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-08", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Fertility Interactions Affected By A Tillage Chronosequence In A Brazilian Oxisol", "description": "Abstract No-till (NT) adoption is an essential tool for development of sustainable agricultural systems, and how NT affects the soil organic C (SOC) dynamics is a key component of these systems. The effect of a plow tillage (PT) and NT age chronosequence on SOC concentration and interactions with soil fertility were assessed in a variable charge Oxisol, located in the South Center quadrant of Parana State, Brazil (50\u00b023\u2019W and 24\u00b036'S). The chronosequence consisted of the following six sites: (i) native field (NF); (ii) PT of the native field (PNF-1) involving conversion of natural vegetation to cropland; (iii) NT for 10 years (NT-10); (iv) NT for 20 years (NT-20); (v) NT for 22 years (NT-22); and (vi) conventional tillage for 22 years (CT-22) involving PT with one disking after summer harvest and one after winter harvest to 20\u00a0cm depth plus two harrow disking. Soil samples were collected from five depths (0\u20132.5; 2.5\u20135; 5\u201310; 10\u201320; and 20\u201340\u00a0cm) and SOC, pH (in H 2 O and KCl), \u0394pH, potential acidity, exchangeable bases, and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) were measured. An increase in SOC concentration positively affected the pH, the negative charge and the CEC and negatively impacted potential acidity. Regression analyses indicated a close relationship between the SOC concentration and other parameters measured in this study. The regression fitted between SOC concentration and CEC showed a close relationship. There was an increase in negative charge and CEC with increase in SOC concentration: CEC increased by 0.37\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for every g of C\u00a0kg \u22121 soil. The ratio of ECEC:SOC was 0.23\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for NF and increased to 0.49\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for NT-22. The rates of P and K for 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth increased by 9.66\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 and 17.93\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 , respectively, with NF as a base line. The data presented support the conclusion that long-term NT is a useful strategy for improving fertility of soils with variable charge.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "Root depth", "Crop residues", "Cation exchange capacity (CEC)", "Conservation agriculture", "Chronosequence", "Acidity", "Sustainable agriculture", "No-till", "Soil ph", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Soil quality", "Tillage", "Variable charge", "Soil analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oxisols", "Field Scale"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-04", "title": "Determination Of The Quality Index Of A Paleudult Under Sunflower Culture And Different Management Systems", "description": "Soil is an essential resource for life and its properties are susceptible to be modified by tillage systems. The impact of management practices on soil functions can be assessed through a soil quality index. It is interesting to assess soil quality in different soil types. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the soil quality index of a Paleudult under different management conditions and sunflower culture. The experiment was carried out in Botucatu (SP, Brazil), in an 11-year non-tilled area used for growing soybean and maize during summer and black oat or triticale in winter. Four management systems were considered: no-tillage with a hoe planter (NTh), no-tillage with a double-disk planter (NTd), reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT). Soil samples were taken from the planting lines at harvest time. To determine the soil quality indices, following the methodology proposed by Karlen and Stott (1994), three main soil functions were assessed: soil capacity for root development, water storage capacity of the soil and nutrient supply capacity of the soil. The studied Paleudult was considered a soil with good quality under all the observed management systems. However, the soil quality indices varied between treatments being 0.64, 0.68, 0.86 and 0.79 under NTh, NTd, RT and CT, respectively. Physical attributes such as resistance to penetration and macroporosity increased the soil quality index in RT and CT compared to NTh and NTd. The soil quality indices obtained suggested that the evaluated soil is adequate for sunflower production under our study conditions. In view of the SQI values, RT is the most suitable management for this site since it preserves soil quality and provides an acceptable sunflower yield.", "keywords": ["Yield", "Sao Paulo [Brazil]", "Glycine max", "Avena strigosa", "maize", "Triticosecale", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "soil type", "Soil health", "Sustainable development", "Rating", "soybean", "Agricultural machinery", "Productivity", "macropore", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "soil nutrient", "Agriculture", "water storage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "Quality assurance", "6. Clean water", "Management", "Soil productivity", "Fish", "Sustainability", "Indicators of soil quality", "Botucatu", "tillage", "Soils", "dicotyledon", "Helianthus", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-05-21", "title": "An Experimental Test Of Limits To Tree Establishment In Arctic Tundra", "description": "

1 Five treeline species had low seed germination rates and low survivorship and growth of seedlings when transplanted into Alaskan tundra. Seed germination of all species increased with experimental warming, suggesting that the present treeline may in part result from unsuccessful recruitment under cold conditions.

2 Growth, biomass and survivorship of seedlings of treeline species transplanted into tundra were largely unaffected by experimental warming. However, transplanted seedlings of three species (Betula papyrifera, Picea glauca and Populus tremuloides) grew more when below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground competition with the extant community was reduced. All three measures of transplant performance were greater in shrub tundra than in the less productive tussock or heath tundra. Establishment of trees in tundra may thus be prevented by low resource availability and competition.

3 Two species (Alnus crispa and Populus balsamifera) had low seed germination and survivorship of germinated seeds; transplants of these species did not respond to the manipulations and lost biomass following transplanting into tundra. Isolated populations of these two species north of the present treeline in arctic Alaska probably became established during mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90Holocene warming rather than in recent times.

4 Of all the species studied here, Picea glauca was the most likely to invade intact upland tundra. Its seeds had the highest germination rates and it was the only species whose seedlings survived subsequently. Furthermore, transplanted seedlings of Picea glauca had relatively high survivorship and positive growth in tundra, especially in treatments that increased air temperature or nutrient availability, two factors likely to increase with climate warming.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "nutrient-availability", "air-temperature", "tundra", "-Alaska", "Betulaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Arctic-tundra", "Coniferopsida-: Gymnospermae-", "natural-regeneration", "Environmental-Sciences)", "growth-", "01 natural sciences", "seedlings-", "Picea-glauca", "Betula-papyrifera", "tundra-", "soil-fertility", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Spermatophyta-", "treelines-", "Plantae-", "USA", "tree-establishment", "resource-availability", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Populus-balsamifera (Salicaceae-): seedling-", "Angiosperms-", "transplanting-", "Angiospermae-", "15. Life on land", "Plant-ecology:-communities", "Populus-balsamifera", "Betula-papyrifera (Betulaceae-): seedling-", "Populus-tremuloides", "climate-", "interspecific-competition", "germination", "Populus-tremuloides (Salicaceae-): seedling-", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "Picea-glauca (Coniferopsida-): seedling-", "Dicots-", "seed-germination", "Alnus-crispa", "plant-competition", "Alnus-crispa (Betulaceae-): seedling-", "survival-", "establishment-"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00278.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479709990469", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-27", "title": "Risk Analysis Of Maize-Legume Crop Combinations With Smallholder Farmers Varying In Resource Endowment In Central Malawi", "description": "SUMMARY

Using farmer resource typologies, adaptability analysis and an on-farm mother and baby trial approach, we evaluated the production risks of alternative maize-legume crop combinations for smallholder farmers in Chisepo, central Malawi between 1998 and 2002. Production benefits and risks of four soil fertility and food legumes, pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), tephrosia (Tephrosia vogelii) and mucuna (Mucuna pruriens), intercropped or rotated with maize, were compared by 32 farmers in 4 farmer resource groups (RGs) of different wealth status. The calculation of lower confidence limits was used to determine the production risk of the crops. Alternative crop technologies presented different risks to farmers of different wealth status, and the degree of risk affected their choice of soil fertility management strategy. The better-resourced farmers (RG 1) had larger yields with all crop combinations than the poorly resourced farmers (RG 4). Legumes integrated with maize significantly (p< 0.001) raised maize grain yields by between 0.5 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921and 3.4 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, when compared with sole crop unfertilized maize. Fertilized maize was less of a risk for the better-resourced farmers (RG 1 and RG 2), and it yielded well when combined with the legumes. Maize-legume intercrops yielded more and were associated with less risk than the maize-legume rotations. Maize intercropped with pigeonpea was predicted overall to be the least risky technology for all RGs. We conclude that new crop technologies may pose more risk to poorly resourced farmers than to wealthier farmers.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "southern africa", "soil fertility", "highlands", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "technologies"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kamanga, B., Waddington, S.R., Robertson, M.J., Giller, K.E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479709990469"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479709990469", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479709990469", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479709990469"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-22", "description": "Researchers worked with farmers in eastern Uganda to develop alternatives for soil management using crotalaria (Crotalaria ochroleuca), mucuna (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis), lablab (Dolichos lablab), and canavalia (Canavalia ensiformis) as green manures in short-term fallows. The participatory research was part of a community-based approach for systems improvement. Grain yields of maize (Zea mays) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) following one season of crotalaria fallow were 41% and 43%, respectively, more than following a two-season weedy fallow. Grain yields of maize following a one-season fallow with mucuna and lablab were 60% and 50% higher, respectively, as compared with maize following maize. Maize and bean yield were more, although effects were small, during the second and third subsequent seasons, indicating probable residual effects of the green manures. Mucuna and lablab were successfully produced by intersowing into maize at three weeks after sowing maize, although the yields of the associated maize crop were reduced by 24% to 28%. Farmers estimated the labor requirements for mucuna and lablab to be less than for crotalaria. Farmers independently experimented on how these species can be integrated into banana (Musa spp.), coffee (Coffea robusta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and cassava (Manihot esculenta) production systems. Farmers reported that the beneficial effects of the green manures included higher food-crop yields; weed suppression; improved soil fertility, soil moisture, and soil tilth; and erosion control. Mucuna and lablab were preferred because of reduced labor requirements and increased net benefits compared with continuous cropping. Farmer participation in the green manure research resulted in efficient generation and adaptation of green manure technology now being promoted in eastern and central Uganda.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "manihot esculenta", "lablad purpureus", "yields", "phaseolus vulgaris", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "feed crops", "mucuna pruriens", "zea mays", "canavalia ensiformis", "manejo del suelo", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "green manures", "abonos verdes", "soil management", "rendimiento"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fischler, MA, Wortmann, Charles S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006234523163"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1006234523163"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-21", "description": "Elevated atmospheric CO2 has the potential to change below-ground nutrient cycling and thereby alter the soil-atmosphere exchange of biogenic trace gases. We measured fluxes of CH4 and N2O in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) stands grown in open-top chambers under ambient and twice-ambient CO2 concentrations crossed with \u2018high\u2019 and low soil-N conditions.", "keywords": ["measurement-", "nitrous-oxide", "flux-", "Vascular-Plants", "poplars-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "photosynthesis-", "Nutrition-", "carbon-dioxide: atmospheric-concentration", "stand-growth", "nitrogen-cycle", "michigan-", "methane-: flux-", "soil-", "nitrogen-", "Populus-tremuloides [aspen-] (Salicaceae-)", "carbon-cycle", "methane-production", "soil-fertility", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "populus-tremuloides", "cycling-", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Plantae-", "biological-activity-in-soil", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "gases-", "oxidation-", "forest-soils", "methane-", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "15. Life on land", "enzyme-activity", "gas-exchange", "nitrous-oxide: emission-", "soil-water", "13. Climate action", "denitrification-", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil-bacteria", "Dicots-", "efflux-"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004518730970"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004518730970"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "Open AccessUsing a three year trial in Nigeria, this article examines the effectiveness of leguminous cover crops on maize yield in West Africa. Testing multiple types of cover crops, the study universally demonstrates the cover crops conserve nitrogen and result in improvements for maize yield in both drier and wetter years. While the cover crop was more effective in improving nitrogen in wetter conditions, yields still improved during the drier year with the cover crop.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "Soil management", "fertilizers", "Conservation agriculture", "Nitrogen concentration", "legumes", "trials", "Green manure crops", "crops", "Soil fertility", "Soil quality", "Biomass production", "Legume cover crops", "Soil conservation", "Nitrogen fertilizer replacement index", "West Africa", "Maize yield", "Field Scale"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tian, G., Kolawole, G.O., Kang, B.T., Kirchhof, G.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004873206350"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004873206350"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1006114116095", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-22", "description": "The potential of alley cropping systems supplied with a limited amount of fertilizer to restore crop productivity on a degraded site and to maintain crop productivity on a recently cleared, non-degraded site on \u2018terre de barre\u2018 soils in Southern Benin was investigated from 1994 to 1996. Leucaena leucocephala, Senna siamea and Gliricidia sepium were used as hedgerow species. Maize yields of the no-tree control plots dropped from the initial (1990) 401 kg ha\u22121 and 2181 kg ha\u22121 on the degraded and non-degraded sites, respectively, to 109 kg ha\u22121 and 1346 kg ha\u22121 in 1996, even with application of a minimal amount of mineral fertilizer. The alley cropping systems produced on average (mean of three treatments and three years) 107% more grain than the initial 1990 values on the degraded site and 11% less grain than the initial 1990 values on the non-degraded site. Especially the Senna and to a lesser degree the Leucaena treatment yielded consistently more grain than the control. The Senna trees contained a larger amount of N and produced more wood during the first pruning on the degraded site (155 kg N ha\u22121 and 14.0 ton fresh wood ha\u22121) than on the non-degraded site (49 kg N ha\u22121 and 6.6 ton fresh wood ha\u22121) most likely because of differences in subsoil fertility, as indicated by the higher clay, exchangeable bases, and N content between 60 and 125 cm cm. N accumulation and wood production by the Leucaena and Gliricidia trees was similar in both sites (82 and 36 kg N ha\u22121 and 4.6 and 9.3 ton fresh wood ha\u22121, respectively). When a limited amount of fertilizer is available, Senna appears to be the best choice as hedgerow species on sites with a relatively fertile subsoil. For other soils, a N2-fixing species may be a better choice.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "gliricidia sepium", "leucaena leucocephala", "biomass", "senna siamea", "soil fertility", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006114116095"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1006114116095", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1006114116095", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1006114116095"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/nature12670", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-29", "title": "Decoupling Of Soil Nutrient Cycles As A Function Of Aridity In Global Drylands", "description": "The biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are interlinked by primary production, respiration and decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. It has been suggested that the C, N and P cycles could become uncoupled under rapid climate change because of the different degrees of control exerted on the supply of these elements by biological and geochemical processes. Climatic controls on biogeochemical cycles are particularly relevant in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid ecosystems (drylands) because their biological activity is mainly driven by water availability. The increase in aridity predicted for the twenty-first century in many drylands worldwide may therefore threaten the balance between these cycles, differentially affecting the availability of essential nutrients. Here we evaluate how aridity affects the balance between C, N and P in soils collected from 224 dryland sites from all continents except Antarctica. We find a negative effect of aridity on the concentration of soil organic C and total N, but a positive effect on the concentration of inorganic P. Aridity is negatively related to plant cover, which may favour the dominance of physical processes such as rock weathering, a major source of P to ecosystems, over biological processes that provide more C and N, such as litter decomposition. Our findings suggest that any predicted increase in aridity with climate change will probably reduce the concentrations of N and C in global drylands, but increase that of P. These changes would uncouple the C, N and P cycles in drylands and could negatively affect the provision of key services provided by these ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Nitrogen", "Biolog\u00eda", "Climate Change", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ecological Impacts of Climate Change", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Ecological impacts of climate change and ecological adaptation", "Biomass", "Desiccation", "Ecosystem", "Soil Chemistry (excl Carbon Sequestration Science)", "2. Zero hunger", "drylands", "Geography", "soil fertility", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "biogeochemical cycle", "Models", " Theoretical", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "climate change", "Medio Ambiente", "13. Climate action", "Ecosystem Function", "Clay", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Aluminum Silicates", "Desert Climate"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12670"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/nature12670", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/nature12670", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/nature12670"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1010310300067", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-23", "description": "Planted tree or shrub fallows can help increase the fertility of degraded tropical soils. We investigated the effects of planted fallows of Indigofera (IND), Calliandra (CAL), and Tithonia (TTH); a natural, unmanaged fallow (NAT); and a maize/bean rotation (ROT) on the dynamics and partitioning of soil organic matter (SOM) and phosphorus (P). One year after treatment, samples were collected from a fine-textured volcanic-ash soil (Oxic Dystropept) of a mid-altitude hillside in southwestern Colombia. The SOM in the sand-size fraction (150\u20132000 \u03bcm) was subdivided into light (LL), intermediate (LM), and heavy (LH) fractions. Total soil P was also fractionated into inorganic (Pi) and organic (Po). Of the planted fallows, TTH most increased and NAT least increased plant-available Pi and Po. The amounts of C, N, and P in the LL and LM fractions of SOM followed the order, TTH>CAL>NAT>ROT>IND and CAL>TTH>IND>NAT>ROT, respectively. Total amounts of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in the soil were significantly (P < 0.05) highest under TTH and lowest under NAT. The fallow and ROT systems did not affect the C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios in the soil but significantly did so in the LL and LM fractions of SOM. Significant correlations indicated that the P content in the LL and LM fractions of SOM may help determine the amounts of NaHCO3-extractable Pi and Po, which may therefore serve as sensitive indicators of `readily available' and `readily mineralizable' soil P pools, respectively, in the volcanic-ash soils of the Andes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "rotaci\u00f3n de cultivos", "soil chemicophysical properties", "soil fertility", "materia org\u00e1nica del suelo", "calliandra calothyrsus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "rotational cropping", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "fallow systems", "indigofera constricta", "sistemas con barbecho", "soil organic matter", "tithonia diversifolia", "propiedades f\u00edsico - qu\u00edmicas suelo", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1010310300067"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1010310300067", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1010310300067", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1010310300067"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-31", "title": "Greenhouse-gas emissions from soils increased by earthworms", "description": "Earthworms play an essential part in determining the greenhouse-gas balance of soils worldwide but whether their activity moves soils towards being a net source or sink remains controversial. This Review of the overall effect of earthworms on the greenhouse-gas balance of soils suggests that although beneficial to fertility, earthworms tend to increase the net soil emissions of such gases.", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "2. Zero hunger", "ecosystem engineers", "suelo", "soil fertility", "n2o emission", "earthworms", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilidad del suelo", "endogeic earthworms", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "microbial activity", "soil", "12. Responsible consumption", "crop residue", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "gases de efecto invernadero", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrous-oxide fluxes", "agricultural intensification", "nitrifier denitrification", "lombriz de tierra"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1692"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Climate%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/nclimate1692"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-15", "title": "Using Mucuna And P Fertilizer To Increase Maize Grain Yield And N Fertilizer Use Efficiency In The Coastal Savanna Of Togo", "description": "To reduce severe soil degradation associated with agriculture an intensified land-use system is being promoted in West African countries. Most soils of the West African savanna zones are so poor that the efficiency of mineral fertilizers, if applied, is very low. For this reason and because of their high cost and unavailability, many small-scale farmers are reluctant to apply fertilizer. This work investigates a fertilizer management strategy using integrated soil fertility management with a leguminous cover crop (mucuna) so as to improve the soil fertility and increase the use efficiency of fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in the coastal savanna of Togo at Djaka Kope. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of mucuna short fallow (MSF) in increasing maize grain yield through an improved use efficiency of mineral fertilizer. A 2-year maize\u2013mucuna relay intercropping system was compared with continuous sole maize cropping. Fertilizer treatments were factorial combinations of 0, 50 and 100 kg nitrogen (N) ha\u20131 and 0, 20 and 40 kg phosphorus (P) ha\u20131. While maize grain yield was significantly increased by N fertilization, P did not show any important effect on grain yield. With no N and P applied, grain yield after MSF was on average 40% (572 kg ha\u20131) higher than without. The response to N was much greater than the response to MSF, indicating that N was undoubtedly the key element for maize yield building. P fertilization and MSF together positively influenced the apparent N recovery fraction (NRF). N uptake alone did not reflect on its own the yield obtained, and the relationship between grain yield and N uptake is shifted by MSF, with the grain yield increase per unit of N uptake being higher with than without MSF. Combining MSF and P fertilization may therefore lead to improved N use efficiency, making the application of fertilizer N (lower rates) more attractive to small-scale farmers.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Cover cropping", "Small-scale farming", "Green manure crops", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Mucuna", "01 natural sciences", "Coastal savanna", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "Togo", "Fallow", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mineral fertilizers"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fofana, B., Breman, H., Carsky, R. J., Van Reuler, H., Tamelokpo, A., Gnakpenou, K.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:plso.0000037053.05902.60", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-06", "title": "Woody Legume Fallow Productivity, Biological N-2-Fixation And Residual Benefits To Two Successive Maize Crops In Zimbabwe", "description": "Three woody legumes were planted as two-year 'improved fallows' to evaluate their residual nitrogen (N) effects on two subsequent maize crops under minimum and conventional tillage management. Maize monoculture and cowpea-maize-maize sequence treatments were included as controls. N-2-fixation was estimated using the N-15 natural abundance method to allow the N contribution from the fallows to be partitioned into N2-fixation and soil N capture. Acacia angustissima accumulated the largest amount of both below-ground and above-ground biomass during the 2-year growth period. Using Hyparrhenia grass as the reference plant, the proportion of N-2-fixed in litter was 56, 55, 84 and 58% for Acacia, Sesbania sesban, Cajanus cajan, and cowpea, respectively, resulting in inputs of biologically fixed N of 122, 84, 96 and 28 kg N ha(-1). Maize growth following the legumes for two subsequent cropping seasons was in most cases not directly related to the N inputs. The first year maize crop was severely infested with cutworms (Agrotis sp.) in the Sesbania and Acacia plots, while the second season maize was affected by drought particularly in the Acacia plots where there was high moisture demand by the re-growing trees. During the second season, N uptake by maize following Sesbania was significantly higher than the rest of the treatments. Conventional tillage resulted in better yields than minimum tillage across all treatments and in both seasons. It can be concluded that (1) improved legume fallow system results in net positive soil N balances, (2) despite large inputs of litter and continued recycling of N during the cropping phase, legume species that re-grow after cutting can result in depressed yields in drought seasons, and (3) tillage is beneficial even after improved legume fallows.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "shrub", "n-15 natural-abundance", "root development", "soil fertility", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrogen-fixation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "cassia-siamea", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:plso.0000037053.05902.60"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:plso.0000037053.05902.60", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:plso.0000037053.05902.60", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:plso.0000037053.05902.60"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab239c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-30", "title": "Global soil acidification impacts on belowground processes", "description": "Abstract

With continuous nitrogen (N) enrichment and sulfur (S) deposition, soil acidification has accelerated and become a global environmental issue. However, a full understanding of the general pattern of ecosystem belowground processes in response to soil acidification due to the impacting factors remains elusive. We conducted a meta-analysis of soil acidification impacts on belowground functions using 304 observations from 49 independent studies, mainly including soil cations, soil nutrient, respiration, root and microbial biomass. Our results show that acid addition significantly reduced soil pH by 0.24 on average, with less pH decrease in forest than non-forest ecosystems. The response ratio of soil pH was positively correlated with site precipitation and temperature, but negatively with initial soil pH. Soil base cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+) decreased while non-base cations (Al3+, Fe3+) increased with soil acidification. Soil respiration, fine root biomass, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were significantly reduced by 14.7%, 19.1%, 9.6% and 12.1%, respectively, under acid addition. These indicate that soil carbon processes are sensitive to soil acidification. Overall, our meta-analysis suggests a strong negative impact of soil acidification on belowground functions, with the potential to suppress soil carbon emission. It also arouses our attention to the toxic effects of soil ions on terrestrial ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "Organic chemistry", "Soil pH", "soil respiration", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "Soil water", "Climate change", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "Ecology", "Physics", "Soil Water Retention", "Ocean acidification", "Q", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "soil cations", "microbes", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Nitrogen", "Science", "QC1-999", "Materials Science", "Soil Science", "Thermal Effects on Soil", "Environmental science", "Biomaterials", "soil pH", "acid deposition", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Soil acidification", "Ecosystem", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Applications of Clay Nanotubes in Various Fields", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "Agronomy", "meta-analysis", "Environmental sciences", "Soil Hydraulic Properties", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Bulk soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab239c"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab239c", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ab239c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ab239c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41597-025-05976-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-10-27", "title": "A global database on land use and management change effects on soil KMnO4-oxidisable organic carbon (POXC)", "description": "Abstract

Soil carbon transformation is vital for ecosystem functions like food production and climate regulation. While soil organic carbon is a key soil health indicator, its sensitivity to management changes is debated. Alternative indicators, such as permanganate-oxidisable carbon (POXC), are being explored. This database compiles 10,068 comparisons of soil POXC content from 284 peer-reviewed studies published up to 2023, covering 45 countries and 63 land use types, including arable land, grassland, agroforestry, and forests. Most studies focused on arable land ( n \uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff897,809), examining input changes ( n \uffe2\uff80\uff89>\uffe2\uff80\uff89500) and tillage intensity ( n \uffe2\uff80\uff89>\uffe2\uff80\uff89200). The most studied land-use changes were grassland conversion to arable land (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89324) and vice versa (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89261). The dataset includes rich metadata on geographical context, soil types, key properties (pH, clay content), POXC protocols, and data quality scores. This resource supports scientific and policy discussions on POXC\uffe2\uff80\uff99s potential as a practical indicator for improving land use and soil health management. Quantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the 15N:14N ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP) and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in 15N than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8\uffc2\uffb0C, soil \uffce\uffb415N was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil \uffce\uffb415N showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss.

", "keywords": ["N-15 Natural-Abundance", "550", "Ecosystem ecology", "TROPICAL FORESTS", "Organic chemistry", "Suelo", "Nitrogen cycle", "01 natural sciences", "Nutrient cycle", "cycle de l'azote", "CARBON", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "Isotopes", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Soil water", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE", "Climate change", "croisement de donn\u00e9es", "Milieux et Changements globaux", "SDG 15 \u2013 Leben an Land", "Global change", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Climatic Factors", "Tropical Forests", "Ecology", "Geography", "Nitr\u00f3geno", "Nutrient Cycling", "FRACTIONATION", "Litter Decomposition", "ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY", "Life Sciences", "ecosystem ecology", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Is\u00f3topos", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Organic-Matter", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Chemistry", "PRECIPITATION", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "Physical Sciences", "106022 Microbiology", "carbone du sol", "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation", "Ecosystem Functioning", "570", "STABLE ISOTOPE", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Stable isotope analysis", "Nitrogen", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil Science", "stable isotope analysis;ecosystem ecology", "Article", "Environmental science", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "sol min\u00e9ral", "INORGANIC NITROGEN", "Geochemistry and Petrology", "stable isotope analysis", "Carbono", "Environmental Chemistry", "Factores Clim\u00e1ticos", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "climat", "AVAILABILITY", "Nitrogen Dynamics", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Inorganic", "NITROGEN", "MODEL", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "PATTERNS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://scholars.unh.edu/context/faculty_pubs/article/1042/viewcontent/srep08280.pdf"}, {"href": "https://edoc.unibas.ch/37215/1/srep08280.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08280"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep08280", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep08280", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep08280"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/srep34786", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-10", "title": "Contrasting Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Addition On Soil Respiration In An Alpine Grassland On The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Abstract

High soil organic carbon content, extensive root biomass, and low nutrient availability make alpine grasslands an important ecosystem for assessing the influence of nutrient enrichment on soil respiration (SR). We conducted a four-year (2009\uffe2\uff80\uff932012) field experiment in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to examine the individual and combined effects of nitrogen (N, 100\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and phosphorus (P, 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) addition on SR. We found that both N and P addition did not affect the overall growing-season SR but effects varied by year: with N addition SR increased in the first year but decreased during the last two years. However, while P addition did not affect SR during the first two years, SR increased during the last two years. No interactive effects of N and P addition were observed, and both N addition and P addition reduced heterotrophic respiration during the last year of the experiment. N and P addition affected SR via different processes: N mainly affected heterotrophic respiration, whereas P largely influenced autotrophic respiration. Our results highlight the divergent effects of N and P addition on SR and address the important potential of P enrichment for regulating SR and the carbon balance in alpine grasslands.

", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "0106 biological sciences", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Plant Science", "Thermal Effects on Soil", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Respiration", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "Plant Nutrient Uptake and Signaling Pathways", "Phosphorus", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Soil carbon", "Agronomy", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Physical Sciences", "Heterotroph", "Growing season", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Animal science", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep34786"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep34786", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep34786", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep34786"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest:19960241", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-29", "title": "Water And Bioelement Fluxes In Four Quercus Pyrenaica Forests Along A Pluviometric Gradient", "description": "Water and several bioelement balances were established for four Quercus pyrenaica forests along a pronounced pluviometric gradient, located in the Sierra de Gata mountains (central Spain), to obtain information on the effect of rainfall on annual and summer evapotranspiration, on nutrient leaching from the soils and on the evolution of fertility. There was a positive correlation between the annual evapotranspiration and the precipitation in the May-August period, but not with annual precipitation. From all water fluxes within the ecosystems, deep drainage represented the most important difference between plots. An excess of water in the soil is produced in winter, resulting in nutrient leaching of the soil and a consequent loss of fertility, which becomes greater as the pluviometry gradient increases. This was confirmed by the net balance of several bioelements, the Cation Denudation Rate, the Ca/Al ratio and pH of the soil solution and canopy leaching values.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Water consumption (plants)", "Quercus pyrenaica", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Nutrient balance (plants)", "Soil fertility", "Water balance", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19960241"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annales%20des%20Sciences%20Foresti%C3%A8res", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/forest:19960241", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/forest:19960241", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/forest:19960241"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr15074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-03", "title": "Impact Of Reduced Tillage And Crop Residue Management On Soil Properties And Crop Yields In A Long-Term Trial In Western Kenya", "description": "

Sustainable farming practices are required to address the persistent problems of land degradation and declining crop productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Approaches such as reducing tillage and retaining crop residues as mulch are potential entry points for smallholder farmers to move towards sustainability. In this study, we assessed the impact of reduced tillage (RT) compared with conventional tillage (CT), each combined with crop residue reapplication, on soil quality indicators and crop yields under an 8-year trial in western Kenya. Our results indicate that RT combined with crop residue reapplication enhanced soil physical quality through increased macroaggregate (>2000\uffc2\uffb5m) proportions and mean weight diameter. Similarly, lower respiratory quotient values indicate that soil microbes under RT have better substrate-use efficiency than those under CT. Nevertheless, soil organic carbon (C), potentially mineralisable C, microbial biomass C and mineral nitrogen contents were all higher under CT with crop residue incorporated into the soil. Maize grain yield and aboveground biomass were also higher under CT. Thus, despite RT showing potential to improve soil physical properties, CT performed better. A stepwise approach is proposed towards the practice of conservation agriculture under resource-constrained smallholder farming conditions, starting with increased biomass production to provide crop residue for soil cover, followed by RT approaches.

", "keywords": ["labranza de conservaci\u00f3n", "2. Zero hunger", "soil chemicophysical properties", "soil fertility", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "smallholders", "12. Responsible consumption", "sistemas de explotaci\u00f3n", "nutrient management", "13. Climate action", "propiedades f\u00edsico - qu\u00edmicas suelo", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "rendimiento de cultivos"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr15074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr15074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/02571862.2007.10634780", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-15", "title": "Depletion Of Nutrients In Adjacent Crop Landsby Eucalyptus Camaldulensis", "description": "Fine root distribution of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh and effects on soil fertility attributes were studied under field conditions in Badessa, Eastern Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from inside the stand, edge of the stand and 10 m away from the stand at two depths viz., surface (0\u201315 cm) and subsurface (30\u201345 cm) and analysed for fine root biomass and nutrients. Fine root biomasses (root length density (RLD) and root weight density (RWD)) from within the stand and away from the stand were similar. However, RLD and RWD in the surface soils were 50\u201370% and 28\u201375% higher than those in the immediate subsurface soils, respectively, at all distances. The organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K+) contents of surface and subsurface soils inside the stand were 28\u201360% and 23\u201332% higher than those away from the stand, respectively. Surface soils had significantly higher organic C, total N, available P and exchangeable K+ than subsurface soils due to d...", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "biomass", "soil nutrient", "Sub-Saharan Africa", "550", "organic carbon", "potassium", "soil fertility", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "fine root", "East Africa", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Africa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Eucalyptus camaldulensis", "Ethiopia", "phosphorus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2007.10634780"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/South%20African%20Journal%20of%20Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/02571862.2007.10634780", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/02571862.2007.10634780", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/02571862.2007.10634780"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-26", "title": "Alley Cropping Of Maize And Gliricidia Sepium In The Sudanese Sahel Region: Some Technical Feasibility Aspects", "description": "An association in an alley cropping experiment of a short-term maize variety and a tree legume (#Gliricidia sepium#) adapted to the Sudanese Sahel region was studied from the point of view of the nitrogen balance and plot yields. Isotopic labelling applied in the field enabled the contribution to maize nitrogen nutrition from different nitrogen sources (fertilizer, prunings, and soil) to be quantified. For equal cultivated areas, alley cropping provides a maize yield greater than that of maize grown in pure stand without nitrogen fertilizer. However this yield is only 40% of that obtained in pure stands with fertilizer nitrogen. Alley cropping gives a very favourable Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) of 0.90 and 1.58 compared with N-fertilized and non-N-fertilized plots, respectively. These LERs demonstrate the increased biological efficiency of the cultivated soil in an agroforestry system. The percentage of the total nitrogen in the maize coming from prunings (Nfdp) varies between 30 and 35% and the true coefficient of nitrogen utilization of the prunings (TCUp) varies from 15-25%. In the environment of central Senegal, the percentage of total nitrogen of #G. sepium# coming from N2 fixation is quite low (Ndffix = 25%), and consequently, in the maize, the nitrogen coming from N2 fixation (Ndffix) is only 8%. It is therefore necessary to improve the efficiency of nitrogen fixation of #G. sepium# in this zone to assure the sustainability of the agroforestry system. (Resume d'auteur)", "keywords": ["Fixation de l'azote", "engrais organique", "Nitrogen", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5192", "Soil fertility", "Zea mays", "Gliricidia sepium", "fertilisation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16379", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4592", "Nitrogen fixation", "F01 - Culture des plantes", "Agroforestry", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6970", "Ecosystem", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795", "azote", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "technique des traceurs", "engrais azot\u00e9", "nutrition des plantes", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "Utilization", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7835", "Fertilization", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "culture intercalaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5195", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5196", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3278", "F04 - Fertilisation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ndiaye, Mamadou, Ganry, Francis, Oliver, Robert,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08903060050136432"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Arid%20Soil%20Research%20and%20Rehabilitation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/08903060050136432"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/15324980490497393", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-09-23", "title": "Litter Production And Soil Fertility In A Vitellaria Paradoxa Parkland In A Catena In Southern Mali", "description": "Many authors have expressed concerns about the evolution of soil fertility under cotton and cereal cultivation in southern Mali. Nevertheless, farmers have now cropped some of their fields for more than 30 years and still obtain fair yields. Our hypothesis is that the trees (mainly Vitellaria paradoxa) that farmers keep in their cropped fields help to maintain soil fertility. Consequently, we studied the relationships between the trees associated with crops and soil fertility on a sloped catena. On the lower section, 24 trees ha\u22121 cover 8% of the surface. They produce annually \u223c56.7\u00a0kg of leaves per tree. Corresponding mineral recyclings, under the crown, are, per m2 and per year: 19\u00a0g N; 1\u00a0g P; 19\u00a0g K; 29\u00a0g Ca; 10\u00a0g Mg. The soil contains significantly more C and N under the crown of the trees than outside this area. V. paradoxa trees are less numerous on the middle section (3\u00a0ha\u22121) and on the top section (1.5\u00a0ha\u22121) of the catena than on the lower section, and consequently, their effect on the soil is dec...", "keywords": ["agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "liti\u00e8re foresti\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Vitellaria paradoxa", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "sol de zone aride", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_612", "01 natural sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4540", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15235", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3047", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Traor\u00e9, Kalifa B., Ganry, Francis, Oliver, Robert, Gigou, Jacques,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15324980490497393"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Arid%20Land%20Research%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/15324980490497393", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/15324980490497393", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/15324980490497393"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-26", "description": "Open AccessEn este estudio, se examinaron los efectos de la intensidad del pastoreo de ganado en los flujos de \u00f3xido nitroso (N2O) del suelo en la estepa del prado de Hulunber, en el noreste de China. Se establecieron seis tratamientos de tasa de siembra (0, 0.23, 0.34, 0.46, 0.69 y 0.92 AU ha\u22121) con tres r\u00e9plicas, y se realizaron observaciones de 2010 a 2014. Nuestros resultados mostraron que se produjeron fluctuaciones temporales sustanciales en el flujo de N2O entre las diferentes intensidades de pastoreo, con flujos m\u00e1ximos de N2O despu\u00e9s de la lluvia natural. El pastoreo tuvo un efecto a largo plazo en el flujo de N2O del suelo en los pastizales. Despu\u00e9s de 4\u20135 a\u00f1os de pastoreo, los flujos de N2O bajo mayores niveles de intensidad de pastoreo comenzaron a disminuir significativamente en un 31.4%\u201360.2% en 2013 y 32.5%\u201350.5% en 2014 en comparaci\u00f3n con el tratamiento sin pastoreo. Observamos una relaci\u00f3n lineal negativa significativa entre los flujos de N2O del suelo y la intensidad del pastoreo para la media de cinco a\u00f1os. El flujo de N2O del suelo se vio afectado significativamente cada a\u00f1o en todos los tratamientos. Durante los cinco a\u00f1os, el coeficiente de variaci\u00f3n temporal (CV) del flujo de N2O del suelo generalmente disminuy\u00f3 significativamente con el aumento de la intensidad del pastoreo. La tasa de emisi\u00f3n de N2O del suelo se correlacion\u00f3 significativamente de manera positiva con la humedad del suelo (SM), el f\u00f3sforo disponible en el suelo (SAP), la biomasa sobre el suelo (AGB), la cobertura vegetal y la altura y se correlacion\u00f3 negativamente con el nitr\u00f3geno total del suelo (TN). Las regresiones escalonadas mostraron que el flujo de N2O se explicaba principalmente por SM, altura de la planta, TN, pH del suelo y suelo Usando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, mostramos que el pastoreo influy\u00f3 significativamente directamente en la comunidad de plantas y el entorno del suelo, que luego influy\u00f3 en los flujos de N2O del suelo. Nuestros hallazgos proporcionan una referencia importante para comprender mejor los mecanismos e identificar las v\u00edas de los efectos del pastoreo en las tasas de emisi\u00f3n de N2O del suelo, y los impulsores clave de la comunidad vegetal y el entorno del suelo dentro del ciclo del nitr\u00f3geno que probablemente afecten las emisiones de N2O en las estepas de los prados de Mongolia Interior.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "driving factor", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Science", "QC1-999", "Soil Science", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "Environmental science", "meadow steppe", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "GE1-350", "Biology", "TD1-1066", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "2. Zero hunger", "Steppe", "Soil Fertility", "Nitrous oxide", "Ecology", "Physics", "Q", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil N2O fluxes", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "grazing intensity", "Grazing", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "response and mechanism", "Physical Sciences", "Growing season", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ruirui Yan, Huajun Tang, Xiaoping Xin, Baorui Chen, Philip J. Murray, Yunchun Yan, Xu Wang, Guoxiang Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-18", "title": "Maintaining Yields And Reducing Nitrogen Loss In Rice-Wheat Rotation System In Taihu Lake Region With Proper Fertilizer Management", "description": "In the Tailake region of China, heavy nitrogen (N) loss of rice\u2013wheat rotation systems, due to high fertilizer-N input with low N use efficiency (NUE), was widely reported. To alleviate the detrimental impacts caused by N loss, it is necessary to improve the fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a 3 yr field experiments with different N managements including organic combined chemical N treatment (OCN, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , 20% organic fertilizer), control\u2013released urea treatment (CRU, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , 70% resin-coated urea), reduced chemical N treatment (RCN, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer), and site-specific N management (SSNM, 333 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer) were conducted in the Taihu Lake region with the \u2018farmer\u2019s N\u2019 treatment (FN, 510 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer) as a control. Grain yield, plant N uptake (PNU), NUE, and N losses via runoff, leaching, and ammonia volatilization were assessed. In the rice season, the FN treatment had the highest N loss and lowest NUE, which can be attributed to an excessive rate of N application. Treatments of OCN and RCN with a 22% reduced N rate from FN had no significant effect on PNU nor the yield of rice in the 3 yr; however, the NUE was improved and N loss was reduced 20\u201332%. OCN treatment achieved the highest yield, while SSNM has the lowest N loss and highest NUE due to the lowest N rate. In wheat season, N loss decreased about 28\u201348% with the continuous reduction of N input, but the yield also declined, with the exception of OCN treatment. N loss through runoff, leaching and ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the N input rate. When compared with the pure chemical fertilizer treatment of RCN under the same N input, OCN treatment has better NUE, better yield, and lower N loss. 70% of the urea replaced with resin-coated urea had no significant effect on yield and NUE improvement, but decreased the ammonia volatilization loss. Soil total N and organic matter content showed a decrease after three continuous cropping years with inorganic fertilizer application alone, but there was an increase with the OCN treatment. N balance analysis showed a N surplus for FN treatment and a balanced N budget for OCN treatment. To reduce the environmental impact and maintain a high crop production, proper N reduction together with organic amendments could be sustainable in the rice\u2013wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region for a long run.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "soil fertility", "grain yield", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "rice\u2013wheat rotation", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen use efficiency", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "organic amendments", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "N loss", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Linzhang Yang, Yingliang Yu, Lihong Xue,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/ismejo/wrae025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-12", "title": "Stronger compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration with higher substrate availability", "description": "Abstract

Ongoing global warming is expected to augment soil respiration by increasing the microbial activity, driving self-reinforcing feedback to climate change. However, the compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microorganisms and substrate depletion may weaken the effects of rising temperature on soil respiration. To test this hypothesis, we collected soils along a large-scale forest transect in eastern China spanning a natural temperature gradient, and we incubated the soils at different temperatures with or without substrate addition. We combined the exponential thermal response function and a data-driven model to study the interaction effect of thermal adaptation and substrate availability on microbial respiration and compared our results to those from two additional continental and global independent datasets. Modeled results suggested that the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater in areas with higher mean annual temperatures, which is consistent with the compensatory response to warming. In addition, the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater under substrate addition than under substrate depletion, which was also true for the independent datasets reanalyzed using our approach. Our results indicate that thermal adaptation in warmer regions could exert a more pronounced negative impact on microbial respiration when the substrate availability is abundant. These findings improve the body of knowledge on how substrate availability influences the soil microbial community\uffe2\uff80\uff93temperature interactions, which could improve estimates of projected soil carbon losses to the atmosphere through respiration.Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO2 release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China. We observe an overall decrease in SIC stocks in topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) (11.33\uffc2\uffa0g C m\uffe2\uff80\uff932 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) from the 1980s to the 2010s. Total SIC stocks have decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc8.99\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.24% (1.37\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.37\uffc2\uffa0Pg C). The average SIC losses across China (0.046 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and in cropland (0.016 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) account for \uffe2\uff88\uffbc17.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff9324.0% of the terrestrial C sink and 57.1% of the soil organic carbon sink in cropland, respectively. Nitrogen deposition and climate change have profound influences on SIC cycling. We estimate that \uffe2\uff88\uffbc19.12%\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.47% of SIC stocks will be further lost by 2100. The consumption of SIC may offset a large portion of global efforts aimed at ecosystem carbon sequestration, which emphasizes the importance of achieving a better understanding of the indirect coupling mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon cycling and of effective countermeasures to minimize SIC loss.Abstract. The restorative ability of herbaceous (Psophocarpus palustris, Pueraria phaseoloides) and woody (Leucaena leucocephala, Senna siamea, Acacia leptocarpa, Acacia auriculiformis) legume species and of natural regrowth was studied on an eroded and compacted Oxic Paleustalf in southwestern Nigeria. Compared to the control treatment that was continuously cropped for 15 years, four years of fallowing significantly improved test crop yields. However, fallowing with the above species did not substantially improve soil properties, particularly soil bulk density. A longer fallow period may be needed to amend soil physical conditions of this degraded Alfisol. Soil chemical properties were greatly improved following land clearing and plant biomass burning in 1993. However, the residual effect of burning on soil fertility was insignificant in the second cropping year. Among the fallow species, P. palustris and natural fallow showed the best residual effect on test crop performance. Despite the high biomass and nutrient yields of S. siamea and A. auriculiformis, test crop yields on these plots were low due to the border effects from the uncleared and fallowed subplots.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "leucaena", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kang, B.T., Salako, F.K., Akobundu, I.O., Pleysier, J.L., Chianu, J.N.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Improvement Of The Physical Fertility Of A Degraded Alfisol With Planted And Natural Fallows Under Humid Tropical Conditions", "description": "

Abstract. Topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) bulk density, aggregate stability, soil dispersibility, water retention and infiltration were measured between 1989 and 1996 on an Alfisol under rehabilitation in southwestern Nigeria. The planted leguminous species were Pueraria phaseoloides, Senna siamea, Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia leptocarpa and A. auriculiformis. Also, plots with natural fallow and maize/cassava intercropping were included. Level (minimum) and mound tillage with hoes was adopted for the cultivated areas under study after 4 and 6 year fallow periods. Under fallow, the soil bulk density decreased from1.56 to 1.11 t m73.The continuously cropped treatment (level tillage) had significantly higher bulk density than the fallowed subplots after 6 years. Mean soil penetrometer resistance ranged from 75 to 157 kPa for fallowed plots and from 192 to 295 kPa for the continuously cropped (level tillage) subplot. Surface soilwater contentswere similar for all the treatments during the soil strength measurements. Although soil aggregates were generally of low stability and not well formed, they were improved by fallowing.

Soil structural improvement by planted fallows was similar to that by natural fallow, but the trees were more promising for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term fallow (>6 years) than the herbaceous P. phaseoloides. However, the improvement in soil structure after 4 or 6 year fallow could not be maintained in subsequent cropping. Furthermore, the significant improvement in soil bulk density caused by A. auriculiformis and natural fallow was more rapidly lost on the cultivated subplots compared with other fallow treatments. Thus, soil structure recovery under a fallow does not imply a sustained improvement when stress is applied to this soil. Post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fallow soil management options such as residue incorporation and tillage to ameliorate compaction or soil strength will be necessary to enhance the improvements by fallow species.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "fallow", "soil fertility", "legumes", "soil physical properties", "pollution", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "alfisols", "trees", "humid tropics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Salako, F., Hauser, S., Babalola, O., Tian, G.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effect Of A Legume Cover Crop (Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis) On Soil Carbon In An Ultisol Under Maize Cultivation In Southern Benin", "description": "

Abstract. Long term fallow is no longer possible in densely populated tropical areas, but legume cover crops can help maintain soil fertility. Our work aimed to study changes in soil carbon in a sandy loam Ultisol in Benin, which involved a 12\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment on three maize cropping systems under manual tillage: traditional no\uffe2\uff80\uff90input cultivation (T), mineral fertilized cultivation (NPK), and association with Mucuna pruriens (M). The origin of soil carbon was also determined through the natural abundance of soil and biomass 13C. In T, NPK and M changes in soil carbon at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm were \uffe2\uff88\uff920.2, +0.2 and +1.3 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, with residue carbon amounting to 3.5, 6.4 and 10.0 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. After 12 years of experimentation, carbon originating from maize in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm) represented less than 4% of both total carbon and overall maize residue carbon. In contrast, carbon originating from mucuna in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented more than 50% of both total carbon and overall mucuna residue carbon in M, possibly due to accelerated mineralization of native soil carbon (priming effect) and slow mulch decomposition. Carbon originating from weeds in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented c. 10% of both total carbon and overall weed residue carbon in T and NPK. Thus mucuna mulch was very effective in promoting carbon sequestration in the soil studied.

", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "Carbon sequestration", "13C natural abundance", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil management", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "Npk", "SOL CULTIVE", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Soil fertility", "Zea mays", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_875", "630", "plante de couverture", "Legume cover crops", "Benin", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "legume cover crop", "Mucuna pruriens", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4971", "ANALYSE STATISTIQUE", "580", "LEGUMINEUSE TROPICALE", "Acrisol", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical zones", "mucuna", "BIOMASSE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1936", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "Green manure crops", "RESIDU VEGETAL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_101", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mucuna", "Soil carbon", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "soil organic carbon", "STOCK ORGANIQUE", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "MAIS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-01", "title": "Challenging Established Narratives On Soil Erosion And Shifting Cultivation In Laos", "description": "Abstract

The official environmental discourse in Laos describes a \uffe2\uff80\uff9cchain of degradation\uffe2\uff80\uff9d stretching from upland shifting cultivation, increased runoff and soil erosion to the siltation of wetlands and reservoirs. This perspective has had wide\uffe2\uff80\uff90ranging impacts on rural development policy which, in the uplands, has long favoured forest conservation over agriculture. Integrating soil erosion and water sediment data with local perceptions of land degradation in an upland village of northern Laos, this study tests the validity of the official environmental discourse. Biophysical measurements made in a small agricultural catchment indicate a significant correlation between the spatial extent of cultivation and soil erosion rates. However, sediment yields recorded at the outlet of the catchment highlight relatively low levels of off\uffe2\uff80\uff90site sediment exportation. Furthermore, farmers' perceptions suggest that local land degradation issues and crop yield declines could be less related to soil erosion than to agricultural land shortage, increased weed competition, and fertility losses resulting from the intensification of shifting cultivation. The study concludes that a better understanding and management of land degradation issues can be achieved by developing more inclusive and scientifically\uffe2\uff80\uff90informed approaches to environmental perceptions and narratives.

", "keywords": ["http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "SOL CULTIVE", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "culture itin\u00e9rante", "\u00e9rosion", "SEDIMENT", "POLITIQUE AGRICOLE", "SYSTEME DE REPRESENTATIONS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076", "conservation des for\u00eats", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374158672853", "DEGRADATION DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2651", "intensification", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34823", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7168", "2. Zero hunger", "P36 - \u00c9rosion", " conservation et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des sols", "AGRICULTEUR", "15. Life on land", "VILLAGE", "ruissellement", "6. Clean water", "JACHERE", "BASSIN VERSANT", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7038", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "13. Climate action", "conservation des sols", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33485", "d\u00e9gradation des terres", "EROSION HYDRIQUE", "impact sur l'environnement", "ROTATION DES CULTURES", "ZONE DE MONTAGNE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Natural%20Resources%20Forum", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-09", "title": "Permanent Raised Beds Improved Soil Structure And Yield Of Spring Wheat In Arid North-Western China", "description": "Abstract

In arid north\uffe2\uff80\uff90western China, soil degradation, limited water and subsequent yield decline, largely as a result of excessive tillage and residue removal practices, are the main factors limiting further development of local agriculture. The effects of permanent raised beds (PRB), no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) and traditional tillage (TT) on soil structure and yield were investigated in a wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) \uffe2\uff80\uff93 maize (Zea maysL.) cropping system from 2004 to 2009 in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province, China. PRB and NT had more macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90aggregates (>0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm, +2.7%), a better distribution of pore size classes and improved hydraulic conductivity, whereas TT soils were dominated by micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90aggregates and micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90porosity. In PRB, soil bulk density decreased significantly by 6.3 and 7.0% for the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depths relative to TT. The PRB mean crop yields increased by 4.2% and water use efficiency improved by 21.3% compared with TT because of greater soil moisture and improved soil physical and chemical status. These improvements in soil properties, yield and water use are of considerable importance for soil regeneration, food security and sustainable agriculture in arid regions, such as north\uffe2\uff80\uff90western China.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "soil porosity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "yield", "permanent raised beds", "630", "6. Clean water", "aggregate stability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12202", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-29", "title": "Effects Of Biochar Amendment On Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Net Ecosystem Carbon Budget And Properties Of An Acidic Soil Under Intensive Vegetable Production", "description": "Abstract

Biochar addition to soils has been frequently proposed as a means to increase soil fertility and carbon (C) sequestration. However, the effect of biochar addition on greenhouse gas emissions from intensively managed soils under vegetable production at the field scale is poorly understood. The effects of wheat straw biochar amendment with mineral fertilizer or an enhanced\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficiency fertilizer (mixture of urea and nitrapyrin) on N2O efflux and the net ecosystem C budget were investigated for an acidic soil in southeast China over a 1\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr period. Biochar addition did not affect the annual N2O emissions (26\uffe2\uff80\uff9328\uffc2\uffa0kg N/ha), but reduced seasonal N2O emissions during the cold period. Biochar increased soil organic C and CO2 efflux on average by 61 and 19%, respectively. Biochar addition greatly increased C gain in the acidic soil (average 11.1\uffc2\uffa0Mg C/ha) compared with treatments without biochar addition (average \uffe2\uff88\uff922.2\uffc2\uffa0Mg C/ha). Biochar amendment did not increase yield\uffe2\uff80\uff90scaled N2O emissions after application of mineral fertilizer, but it decreased yield\uffe2\uff80\uff90scaled N2O by 15% after nitrapyrin addition. Our results suggest that biochar amendment of acidic soil under intensive vegetable cultivation contributes to soil C sequestration, but has only small effects on both plant growth and greenhouse gas emissions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Nitrification inhibitor", "7. Clean energy", "Soil heterotrophic respiration", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12202"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12202", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12202", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12202"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1155/2014/437283", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-14", "title": "Effect Of Tillage Practices On Soil Properties And Crop Productivity In Wheat-Mungbean-Rice Cropping System Under Subtropical Climatic Conditions", "description": "

This study was conducted to know cropping cycles required to improve OM status in soil and to investigate the effects of medium-term tillage practices on soil properties and crop yields in Grey Terrace soil of Bangladesh under wheat-mungbean-T.amancropping system. Four different tillage practices, namely, zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT), and deep tillage (DT), were studied in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Tillage practices showed positive effects on soil properties and crop yields. After four cropping cycles, the highest OM accumulation, the maximum root mass density (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm soil depth), and the improved physical and chemical properties were recorded in the conservational tillage practices. Bulk and particle densities were decreased due to tillage practices, having the highest reduction of these properties and the highest increase of porosity and field capacity in zero tillage. The highest total N, P, K, and S in their available forms were recorded in zero tillage. All tillage practices showed similar yield after four years of cropping cycles. Therefore, we conclude that zero tillage with 20% residue retention was found to be suitable for soil health and achieving optimum yield under the cropping system in Grey Terrace soil (Aeric Albaquept).

", "keywords": ["No-till farming", "Technology", "Climate", "Cropping", "Mulch-till", "Crop", "Plant Roots", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Management of Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity", "Soil water", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Bangladesh", "Minimum tillage", "Soil Physical Properties", "Ecology", "T", "Q", "Soil Quality", "R", "Life Sciences", "Fabaceae", "Phosphorus", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil Compaction", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Crops", " Agricultural", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Soil fertility", "Crop Productivity", "Environmental science", "Tillage", "Randomized block design", "FOS: Mathematics", "Crop yield", "Particle Size", "Biology", "Soil science", "Analysis of Variance", "Soil Fertility", "Effects of Soil Compaction on Crop Production", "Conventional tillage", "Oryza", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Bulk density", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Sulfur", "Mathematics", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Scientific%20World%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1155/2014/437283", "name": "item", "description": "10.1155/2014/437283", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-14", "title": "Managing Semi-Arid Rangelands For Carbon Storage: Grazing And Woody Encroachment Effects On Soil Carbon And Nitrogen", "description": "Open AccessHigh grazing intensity and wide-spread woody encroachment may strongly alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, the direction and quantity of these changes have rarely been quantified in East African savanna ecosystem. As shifts in soil C and N pools might further potentially influence climate change mitigation, we quantified and compared soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) content in enclosures and communal grazing lands across varying woody cover i.e. woody encroachment levels. Estimated mean SOC and TSN stocks at 0-40 cm depth varied across grazing regimes and among woody encroachment levels. The open grazing land at the heavily encroached site on sandy loam soil contained the least SOC (30 \u00b1 2.1 Mg ha-1) and TSN (5 \u00b1 0.57 Mg ha-1) while the enclosure at the least encroached site on sandy clay soil had the greatest mean SOC (81.0 \u00b1 10.6 Mg ha-1) and TSN (9.2 \u00b1 1.48 Mg ha-1). Soil OC and TSN did not differ with grazing exclusion at heavily encroached sites, but were twice as high inside enclosure compared to open grazing soils at low encroached sites. Mean SOC and TSN in soils of 0-20 cm depth were up to 120% higher than that of the 21-40 cm soil layer. Soil OC was positively related to TSN, cation exchange capacity (CEC), but negatively related to sand content. Our results show that soil OC and TSN stocks are affected by grazing, but the magnitude is largely influenced by woody encroachment and soil texture. We suggest that improving the herbaceous layer cover through a reduction in grazing and woody encroachment restriction are the key strategies for reducing SOC and TSN losses and, hence, for climate change mitigation in semi-arid rangelands.", "keywords": ["Cation-exchange capacity", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil water", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Wood", "Soil carbon", "Droughts", "Grazing", "climate change", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Research Article", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Plant Development", "Soil Science", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Environmental science", "soil", "savannas", "Animals", "grazing", "Agroforestry", "Woody plant", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil Fertility", "carbon", "Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Loam", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034887", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-19", "title": "Changes In The Diversity Of Soil Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi After Cultivation For Biofuel Production In A Guantanamo (Cuba) Tropical System", "description": "Open AccessLes champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires (FMA) sont un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 et int\u00e9gral de la stabilit\u00e9, de la durabilit\u00e9 et du fonctionnement des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. Dans cette \u00e9tude, nous avons caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 la biodiversit\u00e9 de l'AMF dans un sol v\u00e9g\u00e9tal natif et dans un sol cultiv\u00e9 avec Jatropha curcas ou Ricinus communis, dans un syst\u00e8me tropical \u00e0 Guantanamo (Cuba), afin de v\u00e9rifier si un changement d'utilisation des terres pour la production de plantes biocarburants a eu un effet sur les communaut\u00e9s de l'AMF. Nous \u00e9valuons \u00e9galement si certaines propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol li\u00e9es \u00e0 la fertilit\u00e9 du sol (N total, C organique, biomasse microbienne C, pourcentage de stabilit\u00e9 globale, pH et conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9es avec la culture des deux esp\u00e8ces de cultures. Les g\u00e8nes d'ARNr de la petite sous-unit\u00e9 fongique AM (SSU) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis \u00e0 une PCR, \u00e0 un clonage, \u00e0 un s\u00e9quen\u00e7age et \u00e0 des analyses phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tiques. Vingt types de s\u00e9quences fongiques AM ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s\u00a0: 19 appartiennent aux Glomeraceae et un aux Paraglomeraceae. Deux types de s\u00e9quences d'AMF li\u00e9s \u00e0 des esp\u00e8ces d'AMF cultiv\u00e9es (Glo G3 pour Glomus sinuosum et Glo G6 pour Glomus intraradices-G. fasciculatum-G. irregulare) ne se sont pas produits dans le sol cultiv\u00e9 avec J. curcas et R. communis. Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol (N total, C organique et biomasse microbienne C) \u00e9taient plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es dans le sol cultiv\u00e9 avec les deux esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales. La diversit\u00e9 de la communaut\u00e9 AMF a diminu\u00e9 dans le sol des deux cultures, par rapport au sol v\u00e9g\u00e9tal indig\u00e8ne, et variait consid\u00e9rablement en fonction des esp\u00e8ces cultiv\u00e9es plant\u00e9es. Ainsi, le sol de R. communis pr\u00e9sentait une diversit\u00e9 AMF plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e que le sol de J. curcas. En conclusion, R. communis pourrait \u00eatre plus adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la conservation \u00e0 long terme et \u00e0 la gestion durable de ces \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes tropicaux.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "Jatropha", "Plant Science", "Plant Roots", "7. Clean energy", "Fungal Diversity", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Mycorrhizae", "Jatropha curcas", "Soil water", "Saproxylic Insect Ecology and Forest Management", "Mycological Typing Techniques", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Cuba", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Science", "Soil fertility", "12. Responsible consumption", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Health Sciences", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Ribosome Subunits", " Small", " Eukaryotic", "Pharmacology", "Tropical Climate", "Soil organic matter", "Electric Conductivity", "Botany", "Medicinal Mushrooms: Antitumor and Immunomodulating Properties", "Spore", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Glomus", "Molecular Typing", "Biofuels", "Insect Science", "FOS: Biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ricinus communis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034887"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034887", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034887", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0034887"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056536", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-20", "title": "Long-Term Effect Of Manure And Fertilizer On Soil Organic Carbon Pools In Dryland Farming In Northwest China", "description": "Open AccessEs imperativo comprender la din\u00e1mica del carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo (COS) afectado por las pr\u00e1cticas agr\u00edcolas para mantener la productividad del suelo y mitigar el calentamiento global. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron investigar los efectos de la fertilizaci\u00f3n a largo plazo en el COS y las fracciones de COS para todo el perfil del suelo (0\u2013100 cm) en el noroeste de China. El estudio se inici\u00f3 en 1979 en Gansu, China, e incluy\u00f3 seis tratamientos: control no fertilizado (CK), fertilizante de nitr\u00f3geno (N), fertilizantes de nitr\u00f3geno y f\u00f3sforo (P) (NP), fertilizantes de paja m\u00e1s N y P (NP+S), esti\u00e9rcol de granja (FYM) y esti\u00e9rcol de granja m\u00e1s fertilizantes de N y P (NP+FYM). Los resultados mostraron que la concentraci\u00f3n de COS en la capa de suelo de 0\u201320 cm aument\u00f3 con el tiempo, excepto en los tratamientos con CK y N. La fertilizaci\u00f3n a largo plazo influy\u00f3 significativamente en las concentraciones de COS y el almacenamiento a 60 cm de profundidad. Por debajo de 60 cm, las concentraciones y almacenamientos de COS no fueron estad\u00edsticamente significativos entre todos los tratamientos. La concentraci\u00f3n de COS a diferentes profundidades en el perfil de suelo de 0\u201360 cm fue mayor bajo NP+FYM seguido por bajo NP+S, en comparaci\u00f3n con bajo CK. El almacenamiento de SOC en 0\u201360 cm en los tratamientos NP+FYM, NP+S, FYM y NP aument\u00f3 en un 41,3%, 32,9%, 28,1% y 17,9%, respectivamente, en comparaci\u00f3n con el tratamiento con CK. El esti\u00e9rcol org\u00e1nico m\u00e1s la aplicaci\u00f3n de fertilizantes inorg\u00e1nicos tambi\u00e9n aumentaron las piscinas de carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo l\u00e1bil en 0\u201360 cm de profundidad. La concentraci\u00f3n promedio de carbono org\u00e1nico particulado (POC), carbono org\u00e1nico disuelto (DOC) y carbono de biomasa microbiana (MBC) en esti\u00e9rcol org\u00e1nico m\u00e1s tratamientos con fertilizantes inorg\u00e1nicos (NP+S y NP+FYM) en 0\u201360 cm de profundidad aument\u00f3 en un 64.9-91.9%, 42.5-56.9% y 74.7\u201399.4%, respectivamente, sobre el tratamiento CK. Las concentraciones de POC, MBC y DOC aumentaron linealmente con el aumento del contenido de SOC. Estos resultados indican que las adiciones a largo plazo de esti\u00e9rcol org\u00e1nico tienen los efectos m\u00e1s beneficiosos en la construcci\u00f3n de dep\u00f3sitos de carbono entre los tipos de fertilizaci\u00f3n investigados.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "China", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Environmental science", "Meta-analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Research", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Fertilizer", "Soil water", "Environmental Chemistry", "Fertilizers", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Triticum", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Q", "Total organic carbon", "R", "Soil Chemical Properties", "Life Sciences", "Straw", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Animal science", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Enke Liu, Yan Cai, Xurong Mei, Yanqing Zhang, Tingting Fan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056536"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056536", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056536", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0056536"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070224", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-16", "title": "Effects Of Added Organic Matter And Water On Soil Carbon Sequestration In An Arid Region", "description": "Open AccessEn general, se predice que el calentamiento global estimular\u00e1 la producci\u00f3n primaria y conducir\u00e1 a m\u00e1s aportes de carbono (C) al suelo. Sin embargo, muchos estudios han encontrado que el suelo C no necesariamente aumenta con el aumento de la entrada de basura vegetal. Las precipitaciones han aumentado en Asia central \u00e1rida y se prev\u00e9 que aumenten m\u00e1s, por lo que probamos los efectos de la adici\u00f3n de materia org\u00e1nica fresca (FOM) y agua en el secuestro de C del suelo en una regi\u00f3n \u00e1rida en el noroeste de China. Los resultados sugirieron que el FOM a\u00f1adido se descompuso r\u00e1pidamente y tuvo efectos menores en el dep\u00f3sito de carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo (SOC) a una profundidad de 30 cm. Tanto la FOM como la adici\u00f3n de agua tuvieron efectos significativos en la biomasa microbiana del suelo. La biomasa microbiana del suelo aument\u00f3 con la adici\u00f3n de FOM, alcanz\u00f3 un m\u00e1ximo y luego disminuy\u00f3 a medida que la FOM se descompon\u00eda. El FOM tuvo un efecto estimulante m\u00e1s significativo sobre la biomasa microbiana con la adici\u00f3n de agua. Bajo los rangos de humedad del suelo utilizados en este experimento (21.0% -29.7%), el aporte de FOM fue m\u00e1s importante que la adici\u00f3n de agua en el proceso de mineralizaci\u00f3n del suelo C. Concluimos que la entrada de FOM a corto plazo en el suelo subterr\u00e1neo y la adici\u00f3n de agua no afectan la piscina de SOC en los matorrales en una regi\u00f3n \u00e1rida.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "550", "Arid", "Growth", "630", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Agricultural soil science", "Tropical forest", "Soil water", "Carbon fibers", "Biomass", "Land-use", "2. Zero hunger", "Analysis of Land Cover and Ecosystems", "Ecology", "Respiration", "Q", "Temperature", "R", "Soil Chemical Properties", "Life Sciences", "Composite number", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Medicine", "Organic matter", "Research Article", "Composite material", "Carbon Sequestration", "China", "Desert shrubs", "Science", "Soil Science", "Ecosystems", "Environmental science", "Meta-analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Research", "Organic Matter Dynamics", "Climate-change", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Water", "Soil Properties", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "Materials science", "Microbial activity", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Fine-root", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "CO2 flux"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070224"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070224", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070224", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0070224"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0153415", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-12", "title": "Seasonality, Rather Than Nutrient Addition Or Vegetation Types, Influenced Short-Term Temperature Sensitivity Of Soil Organic Carbon Decomposition", "description": "Open AccessLa r\u00e9ponse de la respiration microbienne de la d\u00e9composition du carbone organique du sol (COS) aux changements environnementaux joue un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans la pr\u00e9diction des tendances futures de la concentration de CO2 atmosph\u00e9rique. Cependant, il n'est pas certain qu'il existe une tendance universelle dans la r\u00e9ponse de la respiration microbienne \u00e0 l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature et \u00e0 l'ajout de nutriments parmi les diff\u00e9rents types de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. Dans cette \u00e9tude, les sols ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9chantillonn\u00e9s au printemps, en \u00e9t\u00e9, en automne et en hiver \u00e0 partir de cinq types de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation dominants, y compris les for\u00eats de pins, de m\u00e9l\u00e8zes et de bouleaux, les arbustes et les prairies, dans la r\u00e9gion de Saihanba, dans le nord de la Chine. Les \u00e9chantillons de sol de chaque saison ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incub\u00e9s \u00e0 1, 10 et 20 \u00b0C pendant 5 \u00e0 7 jours. L'azote (N\u00a0; 0,035 mM sous forme de NH4NO3) et le phosphore (P\u00a0; 0,03 mM sous forme de P2O5) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9s aux \u00e9chantillons de sol, et les r\u00e9ponses de la respiration microbienne du sol \u00e0 l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature et \u00e0 l'ajout de nutriments ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9termin\u00e9es. Nous avons constat\u00e9 une tendance universelle selon laquelle la respiration microbienne du sol augmentait avec l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature, ind\u00e9pendamment de la saison d'\u00e9chantillonnage ou du type de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. La sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature (indiqu\u00e9e par Q10, l'augmentation du taux de respiration avec une augmentation de 10\u00b0C de la temp\u00e9rature) de la respiration microbienne \u00e9tait plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e au printemps et en automne qu'en \u00e9t\u00e9 et en hiver, quel que soit le type de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. Le Q10 \u00e9tait significativement corr\u00e9l\u00e9 positivement avec la biomasse microbienne et le rapport champignon\u00a0: bact\u00e9rie. La respiration microbienne (ou Q10) n'a pas r\u00e9pondu de mani\u00e8re significative \u00e0 l'addition d'azote ou de phosphore. Nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que l'apport en nutriments \u00e0 court terme pourrait ne pas modifier le taux de d\u00e9composition du COS ou sa sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature, alors que l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature pourrait am\u00e9liorer consid\u00e9rablement la d\u00e9composition du COS au printemps et en automne, par rapport \u00e0 l'hiver et \u00e0 l'\u00e9t\u00e9.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "Atmospheric Science", "Microbial population biology", "Larix", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "Forests", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Soil water", "Pathology", "Carbon Feedback", "Biomass", "Betula", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q10", "Respiration", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "Grassland", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "Respiration rate", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Research Article", "China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "Shrubland", "Genetics", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Botany", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Vegetation Change", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Growing season", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yu-Qi Qian, Fangliang He, Wei Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153415"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0153415", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0153415", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0153415"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-16", "title": "Effect Of Straw Return On Soil Respiration And Nee Of Paddy Fields Under Water-Saving Irrigation", "description": "Open Access\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634 (SR) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 (WSI) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632.", "keywords": ["Agricultural Irrigation", "Ecosystem respiration", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Soil water", "Paddy field", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Primary production", "Ecology", "Respiration", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "Crop Production", "6. Clean water", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Research Article", "Science", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Fertilizers", "Irrigation", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "Conservation of Water Resources", "Soil Fertility", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "Botany", "Water", "Oryza", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204597"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0204597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0161694", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-02", "title": "Short-Term Responses Of Soil Respiration And C-Cycle Enzyme Activities To Additions Of Biochar And Urea In A Calcareous Soil", "description": "Open AccessBiochar (BC) addition to soil is a proposed strategy to enhance soil fertility and crop productivity. However, there is limited knowledge regarding responses of soil respiration and C-cycle enzyme activities to BC and nitrogen (N) additions in a calcareous soil. A 56-day incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the combined effects of BC addition rates (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0% by mass) and urea (U) application on soil nutrients, soil respiration and C-cycle enzyme activities in a calcareous soil in the North China Plain. Our results showed soil pH values in both U-only and U plus BC treatments significantly decreased within the first 14 days and then stabilized, and CO2emission rate in all U plus BC soils decreased exponentially, while there was no significant difference in the contents of soil total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), and C/N ratio in each treatment over time. At each incubation time, soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), TOC, TN, C/N ratio, DOC and cumulative CO2 emission significantly increased with increasing BC addition rate, while soil potential activities of the four hydrolytic enzymes increased first and then decreased with increasing BC addition rate, with the largest values in the U + 1.0%BC treatment. However, phenol oxidase activity in all U plus BC soils showed a decreasing trend with the increase of BC addition rate. Our results suggest that U plus BC application at a rate of 1% promotes increases in hydrolytic enzymes, does not highly increase C/N and C mineralization, and can improve in soil fertility.", "keywords": ["Organic chemistry", "Soil pH", "Biochemistry", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Calcareous", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Urea", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Soil Water Retention", "Respiration", "Q", "Total organic carbon", "R", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Charcoal", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Respiration rate", "Medicine", "Incubation", "Pyrolysis", "Research Article", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Materials Science", "Soil Science", "Soil fertility", "Thermal Effects on Soil", "Biomaterials", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Applications of Clay Nanotubes in Various Fields", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Biochar Application", "Botany", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "Biochar", "Unsaturated Soil Mechanics", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Animal science"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dali Song, XI Xiang-yin, Shaomin Huang, Gaofeng Liang, Jingwen Sun, Wei Zhou, Xiu\u2010Bin Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161694"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0161694", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0161694", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0161694"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0172767", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-06", "title": "Effects Of Inorganic And Organic Amendment On Soil Chemical Properties, Enzyme Activities, Microbial Community And Soil Quality In Yellow Clayey Soil", "description": "Open AccessComprender los efectos de los componentes org\u00e1nicos e inorg\u00e1nicos externos sobre la fertilidad y la calidad del suelo es esencial para mejorar los suelos de bajo rendimiento. Realizamos un estudio de campo durante dos temporadas consecutivas de cultivo de arroz para investigar el efecto de la aplicaci\u00f3n de fertilizantes qu\u00edmicos (NPK), NPK m\u00e1s esti\u00e9rcol verde (NPKG), NPK m\u00e1s esti\u00e9rcol de cerdo (NPKM) y NPK m\u00e1s paja (NPKS) en el estado de nutrientes del suelo, las actividades enzim\u00e1ticas involucradas en el ciclo de C, N, P y S, la comunidad microbiana y los rendimientos de arroz del suelo arcilloso amarillo. Los resultados mostraron que los tratamientos fertilizados mejoraron significativamente los rendimientos de arroz durante las tres primeras temporadas experimentales. En comparaci\u00f3n con el tratamiento NPK, las enmiendas org\u00e1nicas produjeron efectos m\u00e1s favorables en la productividad del suelo. En particular, el tratamiento NPKM exhibi\u00f3 los niveles m\u00e1s altos de disponibilidad de nutrientes, carbono de biomasa microbiana (MBC), actividades de la mayor\u00eda de las enzimas y la comunidad microbiana. Esto dio como resultado el \u00edndice de calidad del suelo (SQI) m\u00e1s alto y el rendimiento del arroz, lo que indica una mejor fertilidad y calidad del suelo. Se observaron diferencias significativas en las actividades enzim\u00e1ticas y la comunidad microbiana entre los tratamientos, y el an\u00e1lisis de redundancia mostr\u00f3 que MBC y N disponible fueron los determinantes clave que afectaron las actividades enzim\u00e1ticas del suelo y la comunidad microbiana. La puntuaci\u00f3n de SQI del control no fertilizado (0,72) fue comparable a la de los tratamientos con NPK (0,77), NPKG (0,81) y NPKS (0,79), pero significativamente menor en comparaci\u00f3n con NPKM (0,85). La correlaci\u00f3n significativa entre el rendimiento del arroz y el SQI sugiere que el SQI puede ser \u00fatil para cuantificar los cambios en la calidad del suelo causados por diferentes pr\u00e1cticas de manejo agr\u00edcola. Los resultados indican que la aplicaci\u00f3n de NPK m\u00e1s esti\u00e9rcol de cerdo es la opci\u00f3n preferida para mejorar la acumulaci\u00f3n de COS, mejorar la fertilidad y calidad del suelo y aumentar el rendimiento de arroz en suelos arcillosos amarillos.", "keywords": ["Microbial population biology", "FOS: Political science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Agricultural soil science", "Fertilizer", "Soil water", "Biomass", "Political science", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Organic Agriculture", "Soil Physical Properties", "Ecology", "Q", "Soil Quality", "R", "Soil Chemical Properties", "Life Sciences", "Straw", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "FOS: Law", "Environment", "Soil fertility", "Soil quality", "Meta-analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Research", "Genetics", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Soil Fertility", "Effects of Soil Compaction on Crop Production", "Bacteria", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "Manure", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Amendment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Law", "Nutrient"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhanjun Liu, Qinlei Rong, Wei Zhou, Gaofeng Liang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172767"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0172767", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0172767", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0172767"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0168134", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-13", "title": "Chinese Milk Vetch As Green Manure Mitigates Nitrous Oxide Emission From Monocropped Rice System In South China", "description": "Open AccessMonocropped rice system is an important intensive cropping system for food security in China. Green manure (GM) as an alternative to fertilizer N (FN) is useful for improving soil quality. However, few studies have examined the effect of Chinese milk vetch (CMV) as GM on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from monocropped rice field in south China. Therefore, a pot-culture experiment with four treatments (control, no FN and CMV; CMV as GM alone, M; fertilizer N alone, FN; integrating fertilizer N with CMV, NM) was performed to investigate the effect of incorporating CMV as GM on N2O emission using a closed chamber-gas chromatography (GC) technique during the rice growing periods. Under the same N rate, incorporating CMV as GM (the treatments of M and NM) mitigated N2O emission during the growing periods of rice plant, reduced the NO3- content and activities of nitrate and nitrite reductase as well as the population of nitrifying bacteria in top soil at maturity stage of rice plant versus FN pots. The global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) of N2O from monocropped rice field was ranked as MABSTRACT Nitrogen losses by ammonia (NH3) volatilization can be reduced by appropriate irrigation management or by alternative N sources, replacing urea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of irrigation management and N source combinations in decreasing NH3 volatilization from an Argissolo Vermelho Distr\uffc3\uffb3fico t\uffc3\uffadpico cultivated for 28 years with black oat (Avena strigosa) and maize (Zea mays), under no-tillage in the region of Depress\uffc3\uffa3o Central, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with split plots with three replications, where the main plots consisted of irrigation systems: no irrigation; irrigation immediately before and irrigation immediately after fertilization. The subplots were treated with different N sources: urea, urea with urease inhibitor and slow-release fertilizer, at an N rate of 180 kg ha-1, broadcast over maize, plus a control treatment without N fertilization. Ammonia volatilization was assessed using semi-open static collectors for 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 days after N fertilization. In general, more than 90 % of total NH3-N losses occurred until three days after N fertilization, with peaks up to 15.4 kg ha-1 d-1. The irrigation was efficient to reduce NH3 losses only when applied after N fertilization. However, reductions varied according to the N fertilizer, and were higher for urea (67 %) and slightly lower for urea with urease inhibitor (50 %) and slow-release fertilizer (40 %), compared with the mean of the treatments without irrigation and irrigation before fertilization. The use of urea with urease inhibitor instead of urea was only promising under volatilization-favorable conditions (no irrigation or irrigation before N fertilization). Compared to urea, slow-release fertilizer did not reduce ammonia volatilization in any of the rainfed or irrigated treatments.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "fontes de nitrog\u00eanio", "Aduba\u00e7\u00e3o", "Agriculture (General)", "aduba\u00e7\u00e3o nitrogenada", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Fertilizante nitrogenado", "Fertilidade do solo", "N fertilization", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "nitrogen sources", "Am\u00f4nia", "perdas de N", "Nitrogen sources", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Irriga\u00e7\u00e3o", "N losses"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150132"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/01000683rbcs20150132", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/01000683rbcs20150132", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150132"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.18167/DVN1/VPOCHN", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:16Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data for \"Mulch application as the overarching factor explaining increase in soil organic carbon stocks under conservation agriculture in two 8-year-old experiments in Zimbabwe\"", "description": "These are the raw data of the paper 'Mulch application as the overarching factor explaining increase in soil organic carbon stocks under conservation agriculture in two 8-year-old experiments in Zimbabwe\u201d authored by Armwell Shumba, Regis Chikowo, Christian Thierfelder, Marc Corbeels, Johan Six, R\u00e9mi Cardinael", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "sub-Saharan Africa", "P36 - \u00c9rosion", " conservation et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des sols", "F07 - Travail du sol", "Agricultural Sciences", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "P30 - Sciences et am\u00e9nagement du sol", "15. Life on land", "maize", "carbon sequestration", "mulches", "cowpeas", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shumba, Armwell, Chikowo, Regis, Thierfelder, Christian, Corbeels, Marc, Six, Johan, Cardinael, R\u00e9mi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/VPOCHN"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.18167/DVN1/VPOCHN", "name": "item", "description": "10.18167/DVN1/VPOCHN", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.18167/DVN1/VPOCHN"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2656979", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-21", "title": "Genotypic Variation For Condensed Tannin Production In Trembling Aspen (Populs Tremuloides, Salicaceae) Under Elevated Co2 And In High- And Low-Fertility Soil", "description": "

The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis suggests that leaf carbon to nitrogen ratios influence the synthesis of secondary compounds such as condensed tannins. We studied the effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide on carbon to nitrogen ratios and tannin production. Six genotypes of Populus tremuloides were grown under elevated and ambient CO2 partial pressure and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertility soil in field open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers in northern lower Michigan, USA. During the second year of exposure, leaves were harvested three times (June, August, and September) and analyzed for condensed tannin concentration. The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis was supported overall, with significantly greater leaf tannin concentration at high CO2 and low soil fertility compared to ambient CO2 and high soil fertility. However, some genotypes increased tannin concentration at elevated compared to ambient CO2, while others showed no CO2 response. Performance of lepidopteran leaf miner (Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella) larvae feeding on these plants varied across genotypes, CO2, and fertility treatments. These results suggest that with rising atmospheric CO2, plant secondary compound production may vary within species. This could have consequences for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93herbivore and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interactions and for the evolutionary response of this species to global climate change.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Salicaceae", "genotype", "plant\u2013herbivore interaction", "Phyllonorycter-tremuloidiella", "Quaking aspen", "01 natural sciences", "plant-composition", "tannin", "nitrogen-", "carbon-dioxide: elevation-", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "genotypic-variation", "Population-Genetics (Population-Studies)", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon-", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "Populus-tremuloides", "plant-pests", "climate-change", "genetic-variation", "forest-trees", "condensed tannins", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nutrition-", "genotypes-", "Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella", "Populus-tremuloides [trembling-aspen] (Salicaceae-)", "soil-fertility", "Populus tremuloides", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Biology", "Plantae-", "global change", "tannins-", "condensed-tannin: production-", "foliage-", "forest-pests", "Tannic acid", "Metabolism-", "Botany", "carbon dioxide", "forest-soils", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "climate-", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Dicots-", "insect-pests"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Donald R. Zak, Jennifer L Mansfield, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Peter S. Curtis, Peter S. Curtis,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2656979", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2656979", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-28", "description": "Abstract

Soil chemical properties during the transition from conventional to organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input farming practices were studied over 8 yr in California's Sacramento Valley to document changes in soil fertility status and nutrient storage. Four farming systems differing in crop rotation and external inputs were established on land previously managed conventionally. Fertility in the organic system depended on animal manure applications and winter cover crops; the two conventional systems received synthetic fertilizer inputs; the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system used cover crops and animal manure during the first 3 yr and cover crops and synthetic fertilizer for the remaining 5 yr. At 4 and 8 yr after establishment, most changes in soil chemical properties were consistent with predictions based on nutrient budgets. Inputs of C, P, K, Ca, and Mg were higher in the organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input systems as a result of manure applications and cover crop incorporations. After 4 yr, soils in the organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input systems had higher soil organic C, soluble P, exchangeable K, and pH. Ceasing manure applications in the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system in Year 4 resulted in declining levels of organic C, soluble P, and exchangeable K. Crop rotation (the presence or absence of corn) also had a significant effect on organic C levels. Differences in total N appeared to be related in part to inputs, but perhaps also to differing efficiency of the farming systems at storing excess N inputs: the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system appeared to be most efficient, and the conventional systems were least efficient. Electrical conductivity (EC), soluble Ca, and soluble Mg levels were tightly linked but not consistently different among treatments. Relatively stable EC levels in the organic system indicate that animal manures did not increase salinity. Overall, our findings indicate that organic and lowinput farming in the Sacramento Valley result in small but important increases in soil organic C and larger pools of stored nutrients, which are critical for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term fertility maintenance.

", "keywords": ["Soil chemical properties", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Organic farming", "Cover crops", "Cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Manure", "Low input agriculture", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "Farming systems", "Low-input farming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Clark, M. S., Horwath, W. R., Shennan, C., Scow, K. M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?facets=true&offset=50&soil_functions=soil+fertility&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?facets=true&offset=50&soil_functions=soil+fertility&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?facets=true&soil_functions=soil+fertility&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?facets=true&soil_functions=soil+fertility&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 170, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T17:37:36.623261Z"}