This work evaluates the release of phosphorus contained in the digestate from the anaerobic digestion of pig manure, through an acidification process. The objective of this acidification is to increase the amount of phosphorus available in the digestate liquid fraction and, subsequently, recover this element by chemical precipitation in the form of struvite or calcium phosphate. Two digestate samples (one fresh and one old) were studied and treated by adding various amounts of sulphuric acid to the different digestate fractions (raw digestate, solid fraction and liquid fraction). For the raw digestate, phosphorus releases higher than 95% were obtained for pH 4.0. In the last part of the experiment, the influence of acid pre-treatment on the reaction yield of phosphorus precipitation, in the form of struvite or calcium phosphate, was determined. Improvements in reaction yield were obtained up to 15% for struvite and 80% for calcium phosphate, increasing also in 7.5 times the amount of phosphorus available in the digestate liquid fraction, for both cases.
", "keywords": ["Biofertiliser", "FEASIBILITY", "NUTRIENT RECOVERY", "PH", "Struvite", "Swine", "SWINE WASTE-WATER", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "CALCIUM", "Acidification", "ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION", "Environmental Chemistry", "PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL", "Animals", "Chemical Precipitation", "Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "Anaerobiosis", "Organic waste", "SLUDGE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Phosphorus", "General Medicine", "Pollution", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Nutrient recovery", "Health", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Release", "PRECIPITATION", "Waste and Biomass Management & Valorization", "CRYSTALLIZATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-20", "title": "Utilization Of Nitrogen (N) And Phosphorus (P) In An Organic Dairy Farming System In Norway", "description": "Inputs of N and P, flows through the soil\u2013plant\u2013animal pathway and removals by products were recorded for 3 years at the organically managed prototype dairy farm \u2018Frydenhaug\u2019 in Norway to assess the transfer efficiencies of N and P within and at the farm level. Nutrient balances and efficiency (N or P in products divided by N or P in inputs) were compared to data from other studies of dairy farm systems in Europe. Plant production on the farm covered nearly all the needs by the herd. However, about 10% of the plant production was sold as cash crop and about the same amount was bought as feed. At the farm level, \u2018Frydenhaug\u2019 realized annually and on average lower surpluses and higher N or P efficiencies than found in most studies concerned. On average, N and P surpluses were 41 and 0.6 kg ha\u22121 per year, the efficiencies were 0.30 and 0.85, and the surplus per animal produce was 2.4 and 0.2 kg kg\u22121, respectively. Despite relative high nutrient efficiencies at the farm level, there were considerable losses within the farm system. Nutrients were lost during harvesting, storage and feeding of home-grown crops. Thus, the intake of N and P by the herd was on average 62 and 59% of the harvestable N and P in field crops. The average apparent efficiency in the soil/plant component was 0.89 for N and 1.66 for P, and in the animal component 0.19 for N and 0.18 for P. The negative soil surface P balance (on average, 6.3 kg ha\u22121 per year) was not regarded as a problem on short-term, but it may limit the productivity of the system on the long-term. Improved forage quality through more frequent cuttings and a moderate concentrate level increased milk production and improved the N efficiency at the farm level without a negative effect on the N utilization in the animal component. This study illustrates the importance of including the internal nutrient flow in order to assess and improve the nutrient utilization in organic dairy farming.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Pasture and forage crops", "Nutrient turnover", "Dairy cattle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-29", "title": "Soil Properties, Crop Production And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer-Based Arable Cropping Systems", "description": "Organic and conventional farming practices differ in the use of several management strategies, including use of catch crops, green manure, and fertilization, which may influence soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of agroecosystems. An 11-yr-old field experiment on a sandy loam soil in Denmark was used to compare several crop rotations with respect to a range of physical, chemical and biological characteristics related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows. Four organic rotations and an inorganic fertilizer-based system were selected to evaluate effects of fertilizer type, catch crops, of grass-clover used as green manure, and of animal manure application. Soil was sampled from winter wheat and spring barley plots on 19 September 2007, 14 April 2008 and 22 September 2008, i.e. before, during, and after the growth season. The soils were analyzed for multiple attributes: total soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, microbial biomass N (MBN), potentially mineralizable N (PMN), and levels of potential ammonium oxidation (PAO) and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In situ measurements of soil heterotrophic carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration and nitrous oxide emissions were conducted in plots with winter wheat. In April 2008, prior to field operations, intact soil cores were collected at two depths (0\u20135 and 5\u201310 cm) in plots under winter wheat. Water retention characteristics of each core were determined and used to calculate relative gas diffusivity (DP/Do). Finally, crop growth was monitored and grain yields measured at harvest maturity. The different management strategies between 1997 and 2007 led to soil carbon inputs that were on average 18\u201368% and 32\u201391% higher in the organic than inorganic fertilizer-based rotations for the sampled winter wheat and spring barley crops, respectively. Nevertheless, SOC levels in 2008 were similar across systems. The cumulative soil respiration for the period February to August 2008 ranged between 2 and 3 t CO2\u2013C ha\u22121 and was correlated (r = 0.95) with average C inputs. In the organic cropping systems, pig slurry application and inclusion of catch crops generally increased soil respiration, PMN and PAO. At field capacity, relative gas diffusivity at 0\u20135 cm depth was >50% higher in the organic than the inorganic fertilizer-based system (P < 0.05). Crop yields in 2008 were generally lower in the low-input organic rotations than in the high-input inorganic fertilizer-based system; only spring barley in rotations with pig slurry application and incorporation of a catch crop prior to sowing obtained grain yields similar to levels achieved in the system where inorganic fertilizer was applied. These results suggest that within organic cropping systems, both microbial activity and crop yields could be enhanced through inclusion of catch crops. However, the timing of catch crop incorporation is critical.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "Nutrient turnover", "inorganic fertilizer", "15. Life on land", "potential ammonium oxidation", "Air and water emissions", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "denitrifier enzyme activity", "Soil biology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Life", "13. Climate action", "potential mineralizable nitrogen", "catch drop", "gas diffusivity", "11. Sustainability", "Former LIFE faculty"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-28", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Arable Crop Rotations Is Mostly Determined By Autumn Field Management", "description": "Two main challenges facing organic arable farming are the supply of nitrogen (N) to the crop and the control of perennial weeds. Nitrate leaching from different organic arable crop rotations was investigated over three consecutive four-year crop rotations in a field experiment at three locations in Denmark (12 years in total). The experimental treatments were: i) crop rotation, ii) catch crop and iii) animal manure. Nitrate leaching was estimated from measured soil nitrate concentation in ceramic suction cells and modelled drainage. There were significant effects on annual N leaching of location (coarse sand > loamy sand > sandy loam) and catch crops (without > with). Including a grass-clover green manure on 25% of the area did not increase N leaching compared with crop rotations without green manure. Also the application of animal manure did not influence N leaching, probably because even in the manured treatments the application rate was lower than crop demand. The results identify management of crop and soil during autumn as the main determinant of N leaching. Nitrate leaching was lowest for a catch crop soil cover during autumn and winter (avg. 20 kg N ha-1), a soil cover of weeds/volunteers had on avg. 30 kg N ha-1, and the largest N leaching losses were found after stubble cultivation (avg. 55 kg N ha-1). The N leaching losses increased with increasing number of autumn soil cultivations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Askegaard, M, Olesen, J\u00f8rgen E, Rasmussen, Ilse Ankj\u00e6r, Kristensen, Kristian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-08", "title": "Developments In Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Net Energy Use In Danish Agriculture - How To Achieve Substantial Co2 Reductions?", "description": "Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture are a significant contributor to total Danish emissions. Consequently, much effort is currently given to the exploration of potential strategies to reduce agricultural emissions. This paper presents results from a study estimating agricultural GHG emissions in the form of methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide (including carbon sources and sinks, and the impact of energy consumption/bioenergy production) from Danish agriculture in the years 1990-2010. An analysis of possible measures to reduce the GHG emissions indicated that a 50-70% reduction of agricultural emissions by 2050 relative to 1990 is achievable, including mitigation measures in relation to the handling of manure and fertilisers, optimization of animal feeding, cropping practices, and land use changes with more organic farming, afforestation and energy crops. In addition, the bioenergy production may be increased significantly without reducing the food production, whereby Danish agriculture could achieve a positive energy balance.", "keywords": ["Buildings and machinery", "Greenhouse Effect", "Landscape and recreation", "Livestock", "Denmark", "Nitrous Oxide", "Air and water emissions", "Models", " Biological", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "Farm nutrient management", "Animals", "Animal Husbandry", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Manure", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-30", "title": "Do contaminants compromise the use of recycled nutrients in organic agriculture? A review and synthesis of current knowledge on contaminant concentrations, fate in the environment and risk assessment", "description": "Use of nutrients recycled from societal waste streams in agriculture is part of the circular economy, and in line with organic farming principles. Nevertheless, diverse contaminants in waste streams create doubts among organic farmers about potential risks for soil health. Here, we gather the current knowledge on contaminant levels in waste streams and recycled nutrient sources, and discuss associated risks. For potentially toxic elements (PTEs), the input of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) from mineral feed supplements remains of concern, while concentrations of PTEs in many waste streams have decreased substantially in Europe. The same applies to organic contaminants, although new chemical groups such as flame retardants are of emerging concern and globally contamination levels differ strongly. Compared to inorganic fertilizers, application of organic fertilizers derived from human or animal feces is associated with an increased risk for environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The risk depends on the quality of the organic fertilizers, which varies between geographical regions, but farmland application of sewage sludge appears to be a safe practice as shown by some studies (e.g. from Sweden). Microplastic concentrations in agricultural soils show a wide spread and our understanding of its toxicity is limited, hampering a sound risk assessment. Methods for assessing public health risks for organic contaminants must include emerging contaminants and potential interactions of multiple compounds. Evidence from long-term field experiments suggests that soils may be more resilient and capable to degrade or stabilize pollutants than often assumed. In view of the need to source nutrients for expanding areas under organic farming, we discuss inputs originating from conventional farms vs. non-agricultural (i.e. societal) inputs. Closing nutrient cycles between agriculture and society is feasible in many cases, without being compromised by contaminants, and should be enhanced, aided by improved source control, waste treatment and sound risk assessments.", "keywords": ["Organic farming", "organic agriculture", "Risk Assessment", "630", "Societal wastes", "12. Responsible consumption", "Organic contaminants", "Soil", "Soil biology", "RELACS", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "Humans", "Soil Pollutants", "recycled nutrients", "FiBL25054", "Fertilizers", "Abacus", "Risk assessment", "2. Zero hunger", "Organic Agriculture", "Sewage", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "Nutrients", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "contaminants", "environment", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-10", "title": "Evidence For Denitrification As Main Source Of N2o Emission From Residue-Amended Soil", "description": "Catch crops, especially leguminous catch crops, may increase crop nitrogen (N) supply and decrease environmental impacts in cropping systems, but they may also stimulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following spring incorporation. In this 28-day laboratory incubation study, we examined the carbon (C) and N dynamics and N2O evolution after simulated incorporation of residues from three catch crop species into a loamy sand soil, with variable soil moisture (40, 50 or 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS)). The catch crops include two leguminous (red clover and winter vetch) and one non-leguminous species (ryegrass). Plant material was placed in a discrete layer surrounded by soil in which the nitrate (NO3\u2212) pool was enriched with 15N to distinguish N2O derived from denitrification and nitrification. Net N mineralisation from leguminous catch crops was significant (30\u201348\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121 soil, accounting for 41\u201356% of the added residue-N), whereas ryegrass incorporation resulted in net N immobilisation. The evolution of N2O was probably enhanced by N release from the residues, especially during the second week, which can explain the lower N2O evolution after application of ryegrass. Emission of N2O occurred at all moisture levels, but was higher at 50 and 60% WFPS than at 40% in soil with leguminous residues. The 15N enrichment of N2O indicated that denitrification was the dominant source independent of moisture level and residue type. We conclude that catch crop residues will stimulate N2O emissions via denitrification over a wide range of soil moisture conditions, but that emission levels may depend significantly on residue quality and soil moisture.", "keywords": ["Leguminous cover crop", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "15N labelling", "Nutrient turnover", "Mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "incubation", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Pasture and forage crops", "Crop combinations and interactions", "13. Climate action", "Farm nutrient management", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Incubation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-12", "title": "Forbs Differentially Affect Soil Microbial Community Composition And Functions In Unfertilized Ryegrass-Red Clover Leys", "description": "Increasing plant diversity in agroecosystems is proposed to enhance multiple ecosystem services. Adding selected forbs such as caraway (Carum carvi L.) and plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) to productive grass-clover mixtures can further enhance forage yields, root biomass, uptake of mineral nutrients and improve animal performance. Yet, it remains unclear whether and how adding these forbs to grass-clover mixtures can influence soil microbial communities and associated soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Based on a three-year grassland experiment varying in species diversity and composition with and without fertilizer application, we determined soil microbial community composition and functions related to C and N cycling under laboratory incubations. Results showed that inclusion of caraway modified soil microbial community composition by enhancing fungal-to-bacterial phospholipid fatty acids of the ryegrass-red clover mixture. Adding plantain to the ryegrass-red clover mixture increased the relative decomposition rate of the labile C pool, but not of the recalcitrant C pool. Yet, \u03b2-glucosidase activity and net N mineralization were unchanged due to inclusion of either forb. Moreover, fertilization with cattle slurry generally weakened these forb-induced changes in soil microbial properties. These findings demonstrate that adding selected forbs to unfertilized grass-clover leys can modify soil microbial community composition and associated C and N cycling, implying a potential for promoting long-term soil C sequestration through enhanced fungi-to-bacteria ratio, but a limited role in improving soil N fertility.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen mineralization", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Nutrient turnover", "Fertilization", "Soil carbon dynamics", "Caraway", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plantain", "Forage mixtures"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2012.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-20", "title": "Soil Organic Phosphorus Forms Under Different Soil Management Systems And Winter Crops, In A Long Term Experiment", "description": "Organic phosphorus (P) is an important source of phosphate for plants both in natural environments and in cultivated soils. Growing plants with high P recycling capacity may increase the importance of organic forms in phosphate availability mainly in undisturbed soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long period of cultivation of different winter species under different soil management systems in the distribution of soil organic P forms, in the P content stored into the soil microbial biomass (SMB) and in the acid phosphatase enzyme activity. The experiment was established in 1986 with six winter treatments (blue lupine, hairy vetch, oat, radish, wheat and fallow) implanted in a Rhodic Hapludox in southern Brazil, under no-tillage system (NT) and conventional tillage system (CT). The crops were cultivated with rational use of chemical phosphate fertilizer, according to plant needs and soil type maintaining high levels of soil organic carbon leading to P organic form accumulation. Growing crops during the winter period in highly weathered subtropical soil increases the importance of microbial interactions in the P cycle, especially in the NT, where a large amount of crop residues is annually added to the soil surface, increasing soil organic P level, P content stored into the SMB and acid phosphatase enzyme activity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Nutrient turnover", "No-tillage Conventional tillage Phosphorus fractionating Biomass phosphorus content Acid phosphatase Cover crops", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Greenhouses and coverings", "01 natural sciences", "Soil tillage", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2012.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2012.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2012.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-10", "title": "Estimated N Leaching Losses For Organic And Conventional Farming In Denmark", "description": "The impact of organic, compared with conventional, farming practices on N leaching loss was studied for Danish mixed dairy and arable farms using an N balance approach based on representative data. On mixed dairy farms, a simple N balance method was used to estimate N surplus and N leaching loss. On arable farms, the simple N balance method was unreliable due to changes in the soil N pool. Consequently, the Farm ASSEssment Tool (FASSET) simulation model was used to estimate N surplus, N leaching loss and the changes in the soil N pool.
The study found a lower N leaching loss from organic than conventional mixed dairy farms, primarily due to lower N inputs. On organic arable farms, the soil N pool increased over time but the N leaching loss was comparable with conventional arable farms. The soil N pool was increased primarily by organic farming practices and incorporation of straw. The highest increase in the soil N pool was seen on soils with a low initial level of organic matter. The N leaching loss was dependent on soil type, the use of catch crops and the level of soil organic matter, whereas incorporation of straw had a minor effect. N leaching was highest on sandy soils with a high level of soil organic matter and no catch crops. The present results stress the importance of using representative data from organic and conventional farming practices in comparative studies of N leaching loss. Lack of representative data has been a major weakness of previous comparisons on N leaching losses on organic and conventional farms.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859605005812"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0021859605005812"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1013328228904", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Long-Term Changes In Extractable Soil Phosphorus (P) In Organic Dairy Farming Systems", "description": "On five farms that have been managed organically for several years, all cultivated soils were sampled on two occasions. The time span between the first and second soil sampling varied from 6 to 12 years. At the first sampling the farms had been managed organically for 3, 4, 6, 11 or 53 years. The average phosphorus (P) concentrations in topsoil (0-20 cm) extracted by ammonium-acetate lactate solution (P-AL) decreased from the first to the second sampling on all farms. At the second soil sampling, the average topsoil P-AL concentrations on the five farms were 50, 64, 65, 75 and 119 mg P kg\u22121, which is characterised as medium (26\u201365 mg P kg\u22121) or high (66\u2013150 mg P kg\u22121). The decrease occurred mostly in soils with high and very high (>150 mg P kg\u22121) P-AL concentrations at the first sampling. In these samples, the average value decreased from 100 to 87 and from 188 to 151 mg P kg\u22121, respectively. In subsoil (20\u201340 cm), an increase from 15 to 27 mg P kg\u22121 (P<0.01) in P-AL concentration was found in subsoil samples with low P-AL concentrations (0\u201325 mg P kg\u22121) at the first sampling. This indicates P transfer from topsoil to subsoil. The pattern of decrease in topsoil was fairly well explained by farm level P balances. The average topsoil concentrations of P-AL were well below values for comparable conventional farms, but still at a level acceptable for crop production. Crop yields were acceptable, but the general pattern of decrease shows that in the future, some P should be supplied from external sources to avoid a further decrease, especially on the fields with lowest P-AL concentrations.", "keywords": ["Nutrient turnover", "Farm nutrient management", "Soil quality"], "contacts": [{"organization": "L\u00f8es, Anne-Kristin, \u00d8gaard, Anne Falk,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013328228904"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1013328228904", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1013328228904", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1013328228904"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1079/sum2005326", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-06", "title": "Pore Characteristics And Hydraulic Properties Of A Sandy Loam Supplied For A Century With Either Animal Manure Or Mineral Fertilizers", "description": "Application of organic residues to soil is generally assumed to improve soil tilth. Only few studies have reported on the long-term effects on the more subtle aspects of soil porosity and no reports have considered the potential effects of organic amendments on the pore system in the subsoil. We sampled undisturbed soil cores (100 cm3 and 6280 cm3) in metal cylinders in differently fertilized plots in the long-term field experiments at Askov Experimental Station, Denmark. We selected the 0-60 cm soil layer of plots dressed for a century with either mineral fertilizers (labelled NPK) or animal manure (labelled AM). Both fertilization treatments were studied at two levels of nutrient application: 'normal' (labelled '1') and 1.5 times 'normal' (labelled '11/2'). Plots unfertilized for a century (labelled UNF) were included as a reference for some of the studies. Water retention, air permeability and air diffusivity were measured on the small cores, and we used the large cores for measuring near-saturated and saturated hydraulic conductivity. In the plough layer, the AM and NPK soils displayed identical pore volumes in size fractions larger as well as smaller than 30 micrometer, while the UNF soil had a significantly smaller volume of pores <30 micrometer. No clear trends were found in treatment effects on pore organization calculated from air diffusivity and air permeability measurements. No significant differences in hydraulic conductivity were found for plough layer soil. For the soil below ploughing depth, significantly larger macropore volumes and near-saturated hydraulic conductivities were found for soil receiving the higher ('11/2') amount of nutrients compared with the 'normally' dressed soil. This effect was independent of fertilization system (AM or NPK). We attribute the larger volume of macropores to the improved root growth conditions in the soil with the larger nutrient level. We conclude that addition of animal manure in rates realistic in agriculture has only a modest effect on soil pore characteristics of the plough layer soil compared with the use of mineral fertilizers. For the soil below ploughing depth, a high level of nutrient application rather than the use of animal manure may increase soil macroporosity and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Soil biology", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Soil quality", "Soil tillage", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1079/sum2005326"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1079/sum2005326", "name": "item", "description": "10.1079/sum2005326", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1079/sum2005326"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/09064710510029150", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-18", "title": "Soil Fertility In Three Cropping Systems After Conversion From Conventional To Organic Farming", "description": "Abstract Temporal changes in the scores of selected soil fertility indices were studied over six years in three different cases of organic crop rotation located in southern, eastern and central Norway. The cropping history and the initial scores of fertility indices prior to conversion to organic cropping differed between the sites. Crop yields, regarded as an overall, integrating fertility indicator, were in all rotations highly variable with few consistent temporal trends following the first year after conversion. On the site in eastern Norway, where conversion followed several years of all-arable crop rotations, earthworm number and biomass and soil physical properties improved, whereas the system was apparently degrading with regard to P and K trade balances and contents in soil. On the other two sites, the picture was less clear. On the southern site, which had a relatively fertile soil before conversion, the contents of soil organic matter and K decreased during the six-year period, but the scores o...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil biology", "Nutrient turnover", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bakken, Anne Kjersti, Breland, Tor Arvid, Haraldsen, Trond K., Aamlid, Trygve S., Sveistrup, Tore E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710510029150"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Agriculturae%20Scandinavica%2C%20Section%20B%20-%20Plant%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/09064710510029150", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/09064710510029150", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/09064710510029150"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1365-2745.12593", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-22", "title": "Drought History Affects Grassland Plant And Microbial Carbon Turnover During And After A Subsequent Drought Event", "description": "Summary
Drought periods are projected to become more severe and more frequent in many European regions. While effects of single strong droughts on plant and microbial carbon (C) dynamics have been studied in some detail, impacts of recurrent drought events are still little understood.
We tested whether the legacy of extreme experimental drought affects responses of plant and microbial C and nitrogen (N) turnover to further drought and rewetting. In a mountain grassland, we conducted a 13C pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff90chase experiment during a naturally occurring drought and rewetting event in plots previously exposed to experimental droughts and in ambient controls (AC). After labelling, we traced 13C below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground allocation and incorporation into soil microbes using phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers.
Drought history (DH) had no effects on the standing shoot and fine root plant biomass. However, plants with experimental DH displayed decreased shoot N concentrations and increased fine root N concentrations relative to those in AC. During the natural drought, plants with DH assimilated and allocated less 13C below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground; moreover, fine root respiration was reduced and not fuelled by fresh C compared to plants in AC.
Regardless of DH, microbial biomass remained stable during natural drought and rewetting. Although microbial communities initially differed in their composition between soils with and without DH, they responded to the natural drought and rewetting in a similar way: gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria increased, while fungal and gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative bacteria remained stable. In soils with DH, a strongly reduced uptake of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived 13C in microbial biomarkers was observed during the natural drought, pointing to a smaller fraction of active microbes or to a microbial community that is less dependent on plant C.
Synthesis. Drought history can induce changes in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 vs. below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground plant N concentrations and affect the response of plant C turnover to further droughts and rewetting by decreasing plant C uptake and below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground allocation. DH does not affect the responses of the microbial community to further droughts and rewetting, but alters microbial functioning, particularly the turnover of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived carbon, during and after further drought periods.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "plant-soil (below-ground) interactions", "NITROGEN TURNOVER", "Biomass Allocation", "microbial community composition", "Negibacteria", "drought", "phospholipid fatty acid", "nitrogen", "Microbial community composition", "Plant\u2013Soil (Below\u2010ground) Interactions", "Recovery", "ROOT RESPIRATION", "Plant-soil (below-ground) interactions", "CLIMATE EXTREMES", "C pulse labelling", "Below-ground carbon allocation", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "SOIL INTERACTIONS", "below-ground carbon allocation", "C-13 pulse labelling", "Grassland", "6. Clean water", "Europe", "Phospholipid", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Mountain Region", "Posibacteria", "DIOXIDE PULSES", "Phospholipid fatty acid", "106022 Microbiology", "Root/shoot Ratio", "Belowground Biomass", "Ecosystem Resilience", "Nitrogen", "Microbial Community", "Carbon Isotope", "Soil-vegetation Interaction", "recovery", "SUMMER DROUGHT", "03 medical and health sciences", "Rewetting", "Community Composition", "plant\u2013soil (below-ground) interactions", "WATER-STRESS", "resilience", "Drought", "Resilience", "RESILIENCE", "15. Life on land", "Turnover", "Microbial Activity", "13. Climate action", "Fatty Acid", "RESPONSES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12593"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2745.12593", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2745.12593", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2745.12593"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Arable Crop Rotations: Effects Of Location, Manure And Catch Crop", "description": "Nitrate leaching from crop rotations supporting organic grain production was investigated from 1997 to 2000 in a field experiment at three locations in Denmark on different soil types. Three experimental factors were included in the experiment in a factorial design: (1) proportion of N2-fixing crops in the rotation (crop rotation), (2) catch crop (with and without), and (3) manure (with and without). Three, four-course rotations were compared, two at each location. The nitrate leaching was measured using ceramic suction cells. Leaching losses from the crop rotation with grass\u2013clover green manure and without catch crops were 104, 54 and 35 kgNha21 yr21 on the coarse sand, the loamy sand, and the sandy loam, respectively. There was no effect of manure application or time of ploughing-in the grass\u2013clover green manure crop on the accumulated nitrate leaching from the entire rotation. Catch crops reduced nitrate leaching significantly, by 30\u201338%, on the sandy soils. At all locations catch crops reduced the annual averaged nitrate concentration to meet drinking water quality standards in the crop rotation with green manure. On the coarse sand there was a time lag between the onset of drainage and the start of N-uptake by the catch crop.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Production systems", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. Askegaard, M. Askegaard, J.E. Olesen, K. Kristensen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00191.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-25", "title": "Effect Of Different Management Strategies On Soil Quality Of Citrus Orchards In Southern Italy", "description": "AbstractTwenty\uffe2\uff80\uff90six soil samples were collected from 13 paired orchards (organically vs. conventionally managed) homogeneous for age, rootstock and cultivars, belonging to the Eastern Sicily Organic Citrus farm Network. The soil quality was evaluated by chemical and biochemical indicators. The total organic C, humification parameters and isoelectric focusing of extracted organic matter were measured to quantify the size of relevant soil C pools. In addition, C turnover was evaluated by determining microbial C mineralization, C microbial biomass and by calculating the mineralization and metabolic quotient (qCO2). The results obtained demonstrated that organic citrus soils were characterized by a general increase in all the organic matter pools, which means a greater C supply for soil metabolic processes. This observed trend did not directly influence the organic matter turnover, indicating that the organic approach could act as a soil C\uffe2\uff80\uff90sink. The soil microflora of organically managed soils showed an improved efficiency in use of energy and organic resources, corresponding to an increased ability of soils under organic management to sustain biological productivity in the long term.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Nutrient turnover", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00191.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00191.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00191.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00191.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-18", "title": "Response Of Soil Microbial Biomass And Community Structures To Conventional And Organic Farming Systems Under Identical Crop Rotations", "description": "In this study the influence of different farming systems on microbial community structure was analyzed using soil samples from the DOK long-term field experiment in Switzerland, which comprises organic (BIODYN and BIOORG) and conventional (CONFYM and CONMIN) farming systems as well as an unfertilized control (NOFERT). We examined microbial communities in winter wheat plots at two different points in the crop rotation (after potatoes and after maize). Employing extended polar lipid analysis up to 244 different phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and phospholipid ether lipids (PLEL) were detected. Higher concentrations of PLFA and PLEL in BIODYN and BIOORG indicated a significant influence of organic agriculture on microbial biomass. Farmyard manure (FYM) application consistently revealed the strongest, and the preceding crop the weakest, influence on domain-specific biomass, diversity indices and microbial community structures. Esterlinked PLFA from slowly growing bacteria (k-strategists) showed the strongest responses to long-term organic fertilization. Although the highest fungal biomass was found in the two organic systems of the DOK field trial, their contribution to the differentiation of community structures according to the management regime was relatively low. Prokaryotic communities responded most strongly to either conventional or organic farming management.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "Soil quality", "Soil", "organic farming; DOK long-term field trial; microbial community; PLFA; PLEL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "'Organics' in general", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "Solanum tuberosum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Espersch\u00fctz, J\u00fcrgen, Gattinger, Andreas, M\u00e4der, Paul, Schloter, Michael, Flie\u00dfbach, Andreas,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/FEMS%20Microbiology%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-22", "title": "Consequences Of Field N2o Emissions For The Environmental Sustainability Of Plant-Based Biofuels Produced Within An Organic Farming System", "description": "AbstractOne way of reducing the emissions of fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived carbon dioxide (CO2) is to replace fossil fuels with biofuels produced from agricultural biomasses or residuals. However, cultivation of soils results in emission of other greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially nitrous oxide (N2O). Previous studies on biofuel production systems showed that emissions of N2O may counterbalance a substantial part of the global warming reduction, which is achieved by fossil fuel displacement. In this study, we related measured field emissions of N2O to the reduction in fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2, which was obtained when agricultural biomasses were used for biofuel production. The analysis included five organically managed feedstocks (viz. dried straw of sole cropped rye, sole cropped vetch and intercropped rye\uffe2\uff80\uff93vetch, as well as fresh grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93clover and whole crop maize) and three scenarios for conversion of biomass into biofuel. The scenarios were (i) bioethanol, (ii) biogas and (iii) coproduction of bioethanol and biogas. In the last scenario, the biomass was first used for bioethanol fermentation and subsequently the effluent from this process was utilized for biogas production. The net GHG reduction was calculated as the avoided fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2, where the N2O emission was subtracted. This value did not account for fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2 emissions from farm machinery and during conversion processes that turn biomass into biofuel. The greatest net GHG reduction, corresponding to 700\uffe2\uff80\uff93800\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0CO2\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, was obtained by biogas production or coproduction of bioethanol and biogas on either fresh grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93clover or whole crop maize. In contrast, biofuel production based on lignocellulosic crop residues (i.e. rye and vetch straw) provided considerably lower net GHG reductions (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4215\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0CO2\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), and even negative numbers sometimes. No GHG benefit was achieved by fertilizing the maize crop because the extra crop yield, and thereby increased biofuel production, was offset by enhanced N2O emissions.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Pasture and forage crops", "Nutrient turnover", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Air and water emissions", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1071148", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Soil Fertility And Biodiversity In Organic Farming", "description": "An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Soil quality", "Manure", "Soil", "Soil biology", "Biodiversity and ecosystem services", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Pesticides", "Fertilizers", "Arthropods", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Switzerland", "Triticum", "Solanum tuberosum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1071148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1071148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2012.0147", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-19", "description": "In organic cropping systems, legumes, cover crops (CC), residue incorporation, and manure application are used to maintain soil fertility, but the contributions of these management practices to soil nitrogen (N) supply remain obscure. We examined potential sources of N for winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) in four experimental cropping systems established in 1997 on three soil types. Three of the four systems were under organic management. Topsoil N, depth of the A horizon, and cumulated inputs of N since 1997 were determined at plot level. Labile soil N pools [mineral N, potentially mineralizable N (PMN), microbial biomass N (MBN)] were monitored during two growth periods; at one site, biomass C/N ratios were also determined. Soil for labile N analysis was shielded from N inputs during spring application to isolate cumulated system effects. Potentially mineralizable N and MBN were correlated across all sites and rotations (r2= 0.72). The MBN corresponded to 46 to 85, 85 to 145, and 74 to 172 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921at the three sites and differed significantly between cropping systems, but MBN could not explain differences in wheat grain N yields. Instead, a multiple linear regression model explained 76 and 82% of the variation in grain N yields in organic cropping systems in 2007 and 2008, showing significant effects of, respectively, topsoil N, depth of A horizon, cumulated inputs of N, and N applied to winter wheat in manure. Thus, soil properties and past and current management all contributed to winter wheat N supply.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Soil biology", "Nutrient turnover", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2012.0147"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2012.0147", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2012.0147", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2012.0147"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.31545/intagr/116394", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-09", "title": "Fish pond sediment from aquaculture production \u2013 current practices and the potential for nutrient recovery**: a Review", "description": "The recent increase in fish production has resulted in the accumulation of fish pond sediment. This sediment accumulates over time and can lead to a reduction in the depth\u00a0of ponds and in the living space available for fish, it may also lead to a depletion in dissolved oxygen. Therefore, the removalof sediment from fresh water ponds is crucial for pond mainte- nance, and thus economical fish production. Fish pond sediment\u00a0is rich in nutrients and organic matter, and therefore it may have potential as a fertilizer in crop production, nursery pot culture, etc.\u00a0However, it contains compounds that undergo rapid degradation producing unpleasant odours and posing a threat to the environment, therefore it needs to be managed and handled efficiently in an environmentally sound and sustainable manner. The overall\u00a0goal of this study was to analyse the current state and management\u00a0practices of fish pond sediment generated in the existing aquaculture systems, with special reference to organic aquaculture, and\u00a0the potential for the recovery of nutrients through bioconversion processes to organic fertilizers.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "Nutrient recovery", "13. Climate action", "Fish pond sediment", "Agriculture", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "Intensive aquaculture", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.journalssystem.com/intagro/pdf-116394-45648?filename=Drozdz.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.31545/intagr/116394"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Agrophysics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.31545/intagr/116394", "name": "item", "description": "10.31545/intagr/116394", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.31545/intagr/116394"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants10061124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-02", "title": "Lemna minor Cultivation for Treating Swine Manure and Providing Micronutrients for Animal Feed", "description": "The potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater into a protein-rich feed component to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions was investigated. Three pilot-scale systems were monitored for nine weeks under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with a mixture of the liquid fraction and the biological effluent of a swine manure treatment system diluted with rainwater in order that the weekly N and P addition was equal to the N and P removal by the system. The design tested the accumulation of elements in a continuous recirculation system. Potassium, Cl, S, Ca, and Mg were abundantly available in the swine manure wastewaters and tended to accumulate, being a possible cause of concern for long-operating recirculation systems. The harvested duckweed was characterised for its mineral composition and protein content. In animal husbandry, trace elements are specifically added to animal feed as micronutrients and, thus, feedstuffs biofortified with essential trace elements can provide added value. Duckweed grown on the tested mixture of swine manure waste streams could be considered as a source of Mn, Zn, and Fe for swine feed, while it is not a source of Cu for swine feed. Moreover, it was observed that As, Cd, and Pb content were below the limits of the feed Directive 2002/32/EC in the duckweed grown on the tested medium. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters in a recirculated system while producing a feed source with a protein content of 35% DM.
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