{"type": "FeatureCollection", "facets": {"type": {"type": "terms", "property": "type", "buckets": [{"value": "Journal Article", "count": 45}, {"value": "Dataset", "count": 3}, {"value": "Service", "count": 1}]}, "soil_chemical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_chemical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "mineral fertilisers", "count": 49}, {"value": "soil organic carbon", "count": 8}, {"value": "ammonia", "count": 3}, {"value": "soil organic matter", "count": 3}, {"value": "carbon", "count": 2}, {"value": "urea", "count": 2}, {"value": "nitrous oxide", "count": 1}]}, "soil_biological_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_biological_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "biodiversity", "count": 1}, {"value": "soil organisms", "count": 1}, {"value": "biomass production", "count": 1}, {"value": "microbial biomass", "count": 1}, {"value": "nutrient turnover", "count": 1}, {"value": "plants", "count": 1}]}, "soil_physical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_physical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "bulk density", "count": 1}]}, "soil_classification": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_classification", "buckets": []}, "soil_functions": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_functions", "buckets": [{"value": "soil fertility", "count": 8}, {"value": "decomposition", "count": 2}, {"value": "water conservation", "count": 1}]}, "soil_threats": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_threats", "buckets": [{"value": "contamination", "count": 1}, {"value": "soil degradation", "count": 1}, {"value": "soil excavation", "count": 1}]}, "soil_processes": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_processes", "buckets": []}, "soil_management": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_management", "buckets": [{"value": "digestate", "count": 5}, {"value": "compost", "count": 4}, {"value": "cultivation", "count": 3}, {"value": "animal manure", "count": 2}, {"value": "plant residues", "count": 2}, {"value": "sewage sludge", "count": 2}]}, "ecosystem_services": {"type": "terms", "property": "ecosystem_services", "buckets": []}}, "features": [{"id": "10.1002/ppp3.10222", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-24", "title": "The emerging threat of human\u2010use antifungals in sustainable and circular agriculture schemes", "description": "Societal Impact Statement

Rapidly growing global populations mandate greater crop productivity despite increasingly scarce natural resources, including freshwater. The adoption of sustainable agricultural practices seek to address such issues, but an unintended consequence is the exposure of agricultural soils and associated biota to emerging contaminants including azole pharmaceutical antifungals. We show that environmentally relevant exposure to three commonly prescribed azole antifungals can reduce mycorrhizal 33P transfer from the soil into the host plant. This suggests that exposure to azoles may have a significant impact on mycorrhizal\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated transfer of nutrients in soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant systems. Understanding the unintended consequences of sustainable agricultural practices is needed to ensure the security and safety of future food production systems.

Summary

Sustainable farming practices are increasingly necessary to meet the demands of a growing population under constraints imposed by climate change. These practices, in particular the reuse of wastewater and amending soil with wastewater derived biosolids, provide a pathway for man\uffe2\uff80\uff90made chemicals to enter the agricultural environment.

Among the chemicals commonly detected in wastewater and biosolids are pharmaceutical azole antifungals. Fungi, in particular mycorrhiza\uffe2\uff80\uff90forming fungal symbionts of plant roots, are key drivers of nutrient cycling in the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant system. As such, greater understanding of the impacts of azole antifungal exposure in agricultural systems is urgently needed.

We exposed wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. \uffe2\uff80\uff98Skyfall\uffe2\uff80\uff99) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to environmentally relevant concentrations of three azole antifungals (clotrimazole, miconazole nitrate and fluconazole). We traced the mycorrhizal\uffe2\uff80\uff90acquired 33P from the soil into the host plant in contaminated versus non\uffe2\uff80\uff90contaminated soils and found 33P transfer from mycorrhizal fungi to host plants was reduced in soils containing antifungals. This represents a potentially major disruption to soil nutrient flows as a result of soil contamination.

Our work raises the major issue of exposure of soil biota to pharmaceuticals such as azole antifungals, introduced via sustainable agricultural practices, as a potentially globally important disruptive influence on soil nutrient cycles. The impacts of these compounds on non\uffe2\uff80\uff90target organisms, beneficial mycorrhizal fungi in particular, could have major implications on security and sustainability of future food systems.

Increased fish pond production is associated with the generation of various waste including fish pond sediments. Fish pond sediments could be a valuable source of nutrients for growing plants, however they require further processing in order to be applied to soil. Composting is considered one of the methods for processing fish pond sediments. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of organic fish pond sediments to be managed through laboratory composting with selected waste materials and evaluate the fertilizing potential of the obtained compost. The scope included: (1) analysis of organic fish pond sediments, (2) laboratory composting of organic fish pond sediments with wheat straw and green grass, (3) analysis of the obtained composts, (4) preparation of growing media with selected additives, (5) analysis of the properties of the prepared growing media and (6) analysis of the effect of the investigated growing media on the growth ofPhaseolus vulgaris L.in pot experiments. The addition of cardboard waste and woodchips derived biochar to the obtained compost improved significantly the growth of the roots ofCardamine L. Also, the content of carbon and nitrogen in the compost mixtures increased. The addition of M1 (compost from organic fish pond sediments and 1% of biochar) to the soil had a significant impact on the growth of white beans.

Graphic Abstract

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Composting", "Fertilization", "Organic fish pond sediments", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic waste", "6. Clean water", "Organic aquaculture", "Organic fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20and%20Biomass%20Valorization", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-29", "title": "Soil Properties, Crop Production And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer-Based Arable Cropping Systems", "description": "Organic and conventional farming practices differ in the use of several management strategies, including use of catch crops, green manure, and fertilization, which may influence soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of agroecosystems. An 11-yr-old field experiment on a sandy loam soil in Denmark was used to compare several crop rotations with respect to a range of physical, chemical and biological characteristics related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows. Four organic rotations and an inorganic fertilizer-based system were selected to evaluate effects of fertilizer type, catch crops, of grass-clover used as green manure, and of animal manure application. Soil was sampled from winter wheat and spring barley plots on 19 September 2007, 14 April 2008 and 22 September 2008, i.e. before, during, and after the growth season. The soils were analyzed for multiple attributes: total soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, microbial biomass N (MBN), potentially mineralizable N (PMN), and levels of potential ammonium oxidation (PAO) and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In situ measurements of soil heterotrophic carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration and nitrous oxide emissions were conducted in plots with winter wheat. In April 2008, prior to field operations, intact soil cores were collected at two depths (0\u20135 and 5\u201310 cm) in plots under winter wheat. Water retention characteristics of each core were determined and used to calculate relative gas diffusivity (DP/Do). Finally, crop growth was monitored and grain yields measured at harvest maturity. The different management strategies between 1997 and 2007 led to soil carbon inputs that were on average 18\u201368% and 32\u201391% higher in the organic than inorganic fertilizer-based rotations for the sampled winter wheat and spring barley crops, respectively. Nevertheless, SOC levels in 2008 were similar across systems. The cumulative soil respiration for the period February to August 2008 ranged between 2 and 3 t CO2\u2013C ha\u22121 and was correlated (r = 0.95) with average C inputs. In the organic cropping systems, pig slurry application and inclusion of catch crops generally increased soil respiration, PMN and PAO. At field capacity, relative gas diffusivity at 0\u20135 cm depth was >50% higher in the organic than the inorganic fertilizer-based system (P < 0.05). Crop yields in 2008 were generally lower in the low-input organic rotations than in the high-input inorganic fertilizer-based system; only spring barley in rotations with pig slurry application and incorporation of a catch crop prior to sowing obtained grain yields similar to levels achieved in the system where inorganic fertilizer was applied. These results suggest that within organic cropping systems, both microbial activity and crop yields could be enhanced through inclusion of catch crops. However, the timing of catch crop incorporation is critical.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "Nutrient turnover", "inorganic fertilizer", "15. Life on land", "potential ammonium oxidation", "Air and water emissions", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "denitrifier enzyme activity", "Soil biology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Life", "13. Climate action", "potential mineralizable nitrogen", "catch drop", "gas diffusivity", "11. Sustainability", "Former LIFE faculty"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-21", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Organic And Mineral Fertilizers On Bulk Density And Penetration Resistance In Semi-Arid Mediterranean Soil Conditions", "description": "article i nfo Soil aggregation is of great importance in agriculture due to its positive effect on soil physical properties, plant growth and the environment. A long-term (1996-2008) field experiment was performed to investigate the role of mycorrhizal inoculation and organic fertilizers on some of soil properties of Mediterranean soils (Typic Xerofluvent, Menzilat clay-loam soil). We applied a rotation with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) as a second crop during the periods of 1996 and 2008. The study consisted of five experimental treatments; control, mineral fertilizer (300-60-150 kg N-P- Kh a \u22121 ), manure at 25 t ha \u22121 , compost at 25 t ha \u22121 and mycorrhiza-inoculated compost at 10 t ha \u22121 with three replicates. The highest organic matter content both at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths were obtained with manure application, whereas mineral fertilizer application had no effect on organic matter accumulation. Manure, compost and mycorrhizal inoculation+compost application had 69%, 32% and 24% higher organic matter contents at 0- 30 cm depth as compared to the control application. Organic applications had varying and important effects on aggregation indexes of soils. The greatest mean weight diameters (MWD) at 15-30 cm depth were obtained with manure, mycorrhiza-inoculated compost and compost applications, respectively. The decline in organic matter content of soils in control plots lead disintegration of aggregates demonstrated on significantly lower MWD values. The compost application resulted in occurring the lowest bulk densities at 0-15 and 15- 30 cm soil depths, whereas the highest bulk density values were obtained with mineral fertilizer application. Measurements obtained in 2008 indicated that manure and compost applications did not cause any further increase in MWD at manure and compost receiving plots indicated reaching a steady state. However, compost with mycorrhizae application continued to significant increase (Pb0.05) in MWD values of soils. Organic applications significantly lowered the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. The lowest penetration resistance (PR) at 0-50 cm soil depth was obtained with mycorrhizal inoculated compost, and the highest PR was with control and mineral fertilizer applications. The results clearly revealed that mycorrhiza application along with organic fertilizers resulted in decreased bulk density and penetration resistance associated with an increase in organic matter and greater aggregate stability, indicated an improvement in soil structure.", "keywords": ["Manure", "2. Zero hunger", "Penetration resistance", "Mineral fertilization", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Compost", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bulk density"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.09.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jcs.2017.05.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-30", "title": "Limitation of multi-elemental fingerprinting of wheat grains: Effect of cultivar, sowing date, and nutrient management", "description": "Multi-element fingerprinting demonstrates some potential for tracing the origin of agricultural products but not for discriminating among crop cultivars and nutrient management (source, rate). With principal component analysis (PCA) and univariate statistics, we examined 19 elements in grains from two winter wheat cultivars (Hereford, Mariboss) grown with different rates of animal manure (AM) or mineral fertilisers (NPK) in a long-term field experiment and two sowing dates (early, timely).

Nitrogen, Cd and Mn related to NPK, and Mo and Na to AM. Barium, Fe, and P reflected nutrient rate; these elements increased with nutrient rate regardless of source. Unmanured grains were enriched in Cu. Mariboss was characterized by higher concentrations of Sr, Ba and Sc compared to Hereford with Sr in grain as the main separator. Univariate statistics showed higher concentrations of N, P, Mg, Ba, Cu, Mo and Zn in early sown than in timely sown wheat. Compared with Hereford grains Mariboss was higher in P, Mg, Ba, Cu and Sr but lower in Mn, Mo and Zn. Thus, confounding effects of cultivar, sowing date, nutrient source and rate limits the potential of multi-element analysis in discriminating among agricultural products from different sites and cropping systems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "multi-element fingerprinting", "animal manure", "Askov-LTE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "mineral fertilisers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2017.05.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cereal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jcs.2017.05.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jcs.2017.05.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jcs.2017.05.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-19", "title": "Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Semi-Arid Soils Amended With Biochar Alone Or Combined With Mineral And Organic Fertilizers", "description": "Semi-arid soils cover a significant area of Earth's land surface and typically contain large amounts of inorganic C. Determining the effects of biochar additions on CO2 emissions from semi-arid soils is therefore essential for evaluating the potential of biochar as a climate change mitigation strategy. Here, we measured the CO2 that evolved from semi-arid calcareous soils amended with biochar at rates of 0 and 20tha(-1) in a full factorial combination with three different fertilizers (mineral fertilizer, municipal solid waste compost, and sewage sludge) applied at four rates (equivalent to 0, 75, 150, and 225kg potentially available Nha(-1)) during 182 days of aerobic incubation. A double exponential model, which describes cumulative CO2 emissions from two active soil C compartments with different turnover rates (one relatively stable and the other more labile), was found to fit very well all the experimental datasets. In general, the organic fertilizers increased the size and decomposition rate of the stable and labile soil C pools. In contrast, biochar addition had no effects on any of the double exponential model parameters and did not interact with the effects ascribed to the type and rate of fertilizer. After 182 days of incubation, soil organic and microbial biomass C contents tended to increase with increasing the application rates of organic fertilizer, especially of compost, whereas increasing the rate of mineral fertilizer tended to suppress microbial biomass. Biochar was found to increase both organic and inorganic C contents in soil and not to interact with the effects of type and rate of fertilizer on C fractions. As a whole, our results suggest that the use of biochar as enhancer of semi-arid soils, either alone or combined with mineral and organic fertilizers, is unlikely to increase abiotic and biotic soil CO2 emissions.", "keywords": ["Bioqu\u00edmica", "Mineral fertilizer", "Carbonates", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "Inorganic C", "11. Sustainability", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Air Pollutants", "Minerals", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic amendment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-24", "title": "Effect Of Fertilising With Pig Slurry And Chicken Manure On Ghg Emissions From Mediterranean Paddies", "description": "Soil fertilisation affects greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different fertilisation strategies on N2O, CH4 emissions and on ecosystem respiration (CO2 emissions), during different periods of rice cultivation (rice crop, postharvest period, and seedling) under Mediterranean climate. Emissions were quantified weekly by the photoacoustic technique at two sites. At Site 1 (2011 and 2012), background treatments were 2 doses of chicken manure (CM): 90 and 170kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) (CM-90, CM-170), urea (U, 150kgNha(-1)) and no-N (control). Fifty kilogram N ha(-1) ammonium sulphate (AS) were topdress applied to all of them. At Site 2 (2012), background treatments were 2 doses of pig slurry (PS): 91 and 152kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) (PS-91, PS-152) and ammonium sulphate (AS) at 120kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) and no-N (control). Sixty kilogram NH4(+)-Nha(-1) as AS were topdress applied to AS and PS-91. During seedling, global warming potential (GWP) was ~3.5-17% of that of the whole rice crop for the CM treatments. The postharvest period was a net sink for CH4, and CO2 emissions only increased for the CM-170 treatment (up to 2MgCO2ha(-1)). The GWP of the entire rice crop reached 17Mg CO2-eqha(-1) for U, and was 14 for CM-170, and 37 for CM-90. The application of PS at agronomic doses (~170kgNha(-1)) allowed high yields (~7.4Mgha(-1)), the control of GWP (~6.5MgCO2-eqha(-1)), and a 13% reduction in greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) to 0.89kgCO2-eqkg(-1) when compared to AS (1.02kgCO2-eqkg(-1)).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GHG", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic fertiliser", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.176", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-13", "title": "Effect of digestate application on microbial respiration and bacterial communities' diversity during bioremediation of weathered petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soils", "description": "Digestate is an organic by-product of biogas production via anaerobic digestion processes and has a great potential as soil fertilizer due to concentrated nutrients. In this study, we examined digestate as a potential nutrient and microbial seeding for bioremediation of weathered (aged) petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils. We analysed 6 different treatments in microcosm using two industrial soils having different textures: a clay rich soil and a sandy soil. After 30\u202fdays of incubation, the highest total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) removal was observed in microcosms containing digestate together with bulking agent (17.8% and 12.7% higher than control in clay rich soil and sandy soil, respectively) or digestate together with immobilized bacteria (13.4% and 9% higher than control in clay rich soil and sandy soil, respectively). After digestate application microbial respiration was enhanced in sandy soil and inhibited in clay rich soil due to aggregates formation. After bulking agent addition to clay rich soil aggregates size was reduced and oxygen uptake was improved. Application of digestate to soil resulted in the development of distinct microbial groups in amended and non-amended soils. Genera containing species able to degrade TPH like Acinetobacter and Mycobacterium were abundant in digestate and in soil amended with digestate. Quantification of alkB genes, encoding alkane monoxygenase, revealed high concentration of these genes in digestate bacterial community. After application of digestate, the level of alkB genes significantly increased in soils and remained high until the end of the treatment. The study revealed great potential of digestate as a nutrient and bacteria source for soil bioremediation.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "TPH removal", "550", "Soil remediation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "alkB genes; Organic fertilizers; qPCR; Soil remediation; TPH removal; Biodegradation", " Environmental; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum; Petroleum Pollution; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Soil Microbiology", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Organic fertilizers", "Environmental", "Soil", "alkB genes", "Soil Pollutants", "Petroleum Pollution", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "15. Life on land", "Hydrocarbons", "6. Clean water", "qPCR", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Petroleum", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Biodegradation", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.176"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.176", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.176", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.176"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-03", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization Losses From Surface-Applied Urea With Urease And Nitrification Inhibitors", "description": "Abstract Urease inhibitor (UI) and nitrification inhibitor (NI) have the potential to improve N-use efficiency of applied urea and minimize N losses via gaseous emissions of ammonia (NH3) to the atmosphere and nitrate ( NO 3 \u2212 ) leaching into surface and ground water bodies. There is a growing interest in the formulations of coating chemical fertilizers with both UI and NI. However, limited information is available on the combined use of UI and NI applied with urea fertilizer. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of treating urea with both UI and NI to minimize NH3 volatilization. Two experiments were set up in volatilization chambers under controlled conditions to examine this process. In the first experiment, UR was treated with the urease inhibitor NBPT [N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric acid triamide] at a rate of 1060\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 urea and/or with the nitrification inhibitor DCD (dicyandiamide) at rates equivalent to 5 or 10% of the urea N. A randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replicates was used: 1) UR, 2) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT, 3) UR\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%, 4) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 5%, and 5) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%. The fertilizer treatments were applied to the surface of an acidic Red Latosol soil moistened to 60% of the maximum water retention and placed inside volatilization chambers. Controls chambers were added to allow for NH3 volatilized from unfertilized soil or contained in the air that swept over the soil surface. The second experiment had an additional treatment with surface-applied DCD. The chambers were glass vessels (1.5\u00a0L) fit with air inlet and outlet tubings to allow air to pass over the soil. Ammonia volatilized was swept and carried to a flask containing a boric acid solution to trap the gas and then measured daily by titration with a standardized H2SO4 solution. Continuous measurements were recorded for 19 and 23 days for the first and second experiment, respectively. The soil samples were then analyzed for UR\u2013, NH 4 + \u2013 , and NO 3 \u2212 \u2013 N . Losses of NH3 by volatilization with unamended UR ranged from 28 to 37% of the applied N, with peak of losses observed the third day after fertilization. NBPT delayed the peak of NH3 losses due to urease inhibition and reduced NH3 volatilization between 54 and 78% when compared with untreated UR. Up to 10 days after the fertilizer application, NH3 losses had not been affected by DCD in the UR or the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments; thereafter, NH3 volatilization tended to decrease, but not when DCD was present. As a consequence, the addition of DCD caused a 5\u201316% increase in NH3 volatilization losses of the fertilizer N applied as UR from both the UR and the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments. Because the effectiveness of NBPT to inhibit soil urease activity was strong only in the first week, it could be concluded that DCD did not affect the action of NBPT but rather, enhanced volatilization losses by maintaining higher soil NH 4 + concentration and pH for a longer time. Depending on the combination of factors influencing NH3 volatilization, DCD could even offset the beneficial effect of NBPT in reducing NH3 volatilization losses.", "keywords": ["soil chemistry", "Urease inhibitors", "Surface treatment", "nutrient use efficiency", "Ammonia volatilization", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Ammonia", "Oxidation", "DCD", "Urea", "Urea fertilizers", "Fertilizers", "volatilization", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "soil surface", "coating", "fertilizer application", "Urease inhibitor", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrification inhibitor", "Nitrification", "Inorganic acids", "6. Clean water", "enzyme activity", "inhibitor", "pH effects", "Metabolism", "NBPT", "Denitrification", "Leaching", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experiments", "Stabilized fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.02.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-09", "title": "Effects Of Compost, Mycorrhiza, Manure And Fertilizer On Some Physical Properties Of A Chromoxerert Soil", "description": "Abstract Addition of organic materials of various origins to soil has been one of the most common rehabilitation practices to improve soil physical properties. Mycorrhiza has been known to play a significant role in forming stable soil aggregates. In this study, a 5-year field experiment was conducted to explore the role of mycorrhizal inoculation and organic fertilizers on the alteration of physical properties of a semi-arid Mediterranean soil (Entic Chromoxerert, Arik clay-loam soil). From 1995 to 1999, wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.), maize ( Zea mays L.) and wheat were sequentially planted with one of five fertilizers: (1) control, (2) inorganic (160\u201326\u201383\u00a0kg N\u2013P\u2013K\u00a0ha \u22121 ), (3) compost at 25\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , (4) farm manure at 25\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 and (5) mycorrhiza-inoculated compost at 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Soil physical properties were significantly affected by organic fertilizers. For soil depths of 0\u201315 and 15\u201330\u00a0cm, mean weight diameter (MWD) was highest under the manure treatment while total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity were highest under the compost treatment. For a soil depth of 0\u201315\u00a0cm, the compost and manure-treated plots significantly decreased soil bulk density and increased soil organic matter concentration compared with other treatments. Compost and manure treatments increased available water content (AWC) of soils by 86 and 56%, respectively. The effect of inorganic fertilizer treatment on most soil physical properties was insignificant ( P >0.05) compared with the control. Mycorrhizal inoculation+compost was more effective in improving soil physical properties than the inorganic treatment. Organic fertilizer sources were shown to have major positive effects on soil physical properties.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Mineral fertilization", "Soil physical properties", "Compost", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Soil aggregation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mycorrhiza", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Celik I., Ortas I., Kilic S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.02.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.02.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.02.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.02.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-10", "title": "Nitrogen Fertilizer Equivalencies Of Organics Of Differing Quality And Optimum Combination With Inorganic Nitrogen Source In Central Kenya", "description": "Decline in crop yields is a major problem facing smallholder farmers in Kenya and the entire Sub-Saharan region. This is attributed mainly to the mining of major nutrients due to continuous cropping without addition of adequate external nutrients. In most cases inorganic fertilizers are expensive, hence unaffordable to most smallholder farmers. Although organic nutrient sources are available, information about their potential use is scanty. A field experiment was set up in the sub-humid highlands of Kenya to establish the chemical fertilizer equivalency values of different organic materials based on their quality. The experiment consisted of maize plots to which freshly collected leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia), Senna spectabilis (senna) and Calliandra calothyrsus (calliandra) (all with %N>3) obtained from hedgerows grown ex situ (biomass transfer) and urea (inorganic nitrogen source) were applied. Results obtained for the cumulative above ground biomass yield for three seasons indicated that a combination of both organic and inorganic nutrient source gave higher maize biomass yield than when each was applied separately. Above ground biomass yield production in maize (t ha\u22121) from organic and inorganic fertilization was in the order of senna+urea (31.2), tithonia+urea (29.4), calliandra+urea (29.3), tithonia (28.6), senna (27.9), urea (27.4), calliandra (25.9), and control (22.5) for three cumulative seasons. On average, the three organic materials (calliandra, senna and tithonia) gave fertilizer equivalency values for the nitrogen contained in them of 50, 87 and 118%, respectively. It is therefore recommended that tithonia biomass be used in place of mineral fertilizer as a source of nitrogen. The high equivalency values can be attributed to the synergetic effects of nutrient supply, and improved moisture and soil physical conditions of the mulch. However, for sustainable agricultural production, combination with mineral fertilizer would be the best option.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic", "biomass", "N fertilizer equivalency", "yields", "abonos nitrogenados", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "maize", "N-sources", "6. Clean water", "ma\u00edz", "12. Responsible consumption", "Inorganic", "zea mays", "nitrogen fertilizers", "biomasa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic fertilizers", "inorganic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "rendimiento"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-15", "title": "Using Mucuna And P Fertilizer To Increase Maize Grain Yield And N Fertilizer Use Efficiency In The Coastal Savanna Of Togo", "description": "To reduce severe soil degradation associated with agriculture an intensified land-use system is being promoted in West African countries. Most soils of the West African savanna zones are so poor that the efficiency of mineral fertilizers, if applied, is very low. For this reason and because of their high cost and unavailability, many small-scale farmers are reluctant to apply fertilizer. This work investigates a fertilizer management strategy using integrated soil fertility management with a leguminous cover crop (mucuna) so as to improve the soil fertility and increase the use efficiency of fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in the coastal savanna of Togo at Djaka Kope. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of mucuna short fallow (MSF) in increasing maize grain yield through an improved use efficiency of mineral fertilizer. A 2-year maize\u2013mucuna relay intercropping system was compared with continuous sole maize cropping. Fertilizer treatments were factorial combinations of 0, 50 and 100 kg nitrogen (N) ha\u20131 and 0, 20 and 40 kg phosphorus (P) ha\u20131. While maize grain yield was significantly increased by N fertilization, P did not show any important effect on grain yield. With no N and P applied, grain yield after MSF was on average 40% (572 kg ha\u20131) higher than without. The response to N was much greater than the response to MSF, indicating that N was undoubtedly the key element for maize yield building. P fertilization and MSF together positively influenced the apparent N recovery fraction (NRF). N uptake alone did not reflect on its own the yield obtained, and the relationship between grain yield and N uptake is shifted by MSF, with the grain yield increase per unit of N uptake being higher with than without MSF. Combining MSF and P fertilization may therefore lead to improved N use efficiency, making the application of fertilizer N (lower rates) more attractive to small-scale farmers.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Cover cropping", "Small-scale farming", "Green manure crops", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Mucuna", "01 natural sciences", "Coastal savanna", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "Togo", "Fallow", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mineral fertilizers"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fofana, B., Breman, H., Carsky, R. J., Van Reuler, H., Tamelokpo, A., Gnakpenou, K.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-51204-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-16", "title": "Phosphorus-acquisition strategies of canola, wheat and barley in soil amended with sewage sludges", "description": "Abstract

Crops have different strategies to acquire poorly-available soil phosphorus (P) which are dependent on their architectural, morphological, and physiological root traits, but their capacity to enhance P acquisition varies with the type of fertilizer applied. The objective of this study was to examine how P-acquisition strategies of three main crops are affected by the application of sewage sludges, compared with a mineral P fertilizer. We carried out a 3-months greenhouse pot experiment and compared the response of P-acquisition traits among wheat, barley and canola in a soil amended with three sludges or a mineral P fertilizer. Results showed that the P-acquisition strategy differed among crops. Compared with canola, wheat and barley had a higher specific root length and a greater root carboxylate release and they acquired as much P from sludge as from mineral P. By contrast, canola shoot P content was greater with sludge than with mineral P. This was attributed to a higher root-released acid phosphatase activity which promoted the mineralization of sludge-derived P-organic. This study showed that contrasted P-acquisition strategies of crops allows increased use of renewable P resources by optimizing combinations of crop and the type of P fertilizer applied within the cropping system.Estudaram-se a distribui\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o, a acumula\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico (C) e o papel do solo como fonte ou dep\uffc3\uffb3sito de C-CO2 em perfis de Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro (LE) argiloso e muito argiloso. As avalia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es foram realizadas nos campos experimentais da Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, em seis sistemas de manejo: vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o t\uffc3\uffadpica de cerrado (CE), reflorestamento de eucalipto (EU), pastagem cultivada (PA), preparo com grade pesada (GP), preparo com arado de discos (AD), plantio direto (PD), estabelecidos por mais de doze anos, na regi\uffc3\uffa3o dos Cerrados. O C foi analisado em amostras de solo coletadas no perfil at\uffc3\uffa9 \uffc3\uffa0 profundidade de 100 cm. O balan\uffc3\uffa7o de C dos outros sistemas em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o ao CE foi utilizado para analisar o comportamento do solo como fonte ou dep\uffc3\uffb3sito de C-CO2. As altera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es mais importantes na din\uffc3\uffa2mica do C, no que se refere a adi\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es, perdas e distribui\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o, ocorreram nas camadas superficiais. Em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o ao sistema natural (CE), verificou-se que a acumula\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de C foi maior nos sistemas com menor intensidade de perturba\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do solo (PD, PA e EU) e menor nos sistemas mais perturbados (AD e GP). Os solos sob PD, PA e EU funcionaram como dep\uffc3\uffb3sito e os solos sob GP e AD como fonte de CO2.

", "keywords": ["fonte ou dep\u00f3sito de C-CO2", "clayey Dark-Red Latosol", "organic carbon", "estoque de carbono", "Agriculture (General)", "sink or source of CO2", "Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro argiloso", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "carbon storage", "carbono org\u00e2nico", "savannas", "S1-972"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Corazza, E. J., Silva, J. E., Resck, D. V. S., Gomes, A. C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06831999000200025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06831999000200025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06831999000200025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06831999000200025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832007000600038", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-27", "title": "Din\u00e2mica Do Carbono Da Biomassa Microbiana Em Cinco \u00c9pocas Do Ano Em Diferentes Sistemas De Manejo Do Solo No Cerrado", "description": "

Em um Latossolo Vermelho argiloso, na Embrapa Cerrados, em Planaltina, Distrito Federal, foram selecionadas uma \uffc3\uffa1rea com vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de Cerrado (CE) e seis parcelas de um experimento de longa dura\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o (20 anos): arado de discos pr\uffc3\uffa9-plantio (ADPP); arado de discos p\uffc3\uffb3s-colheita (ADPC); plantio direto a partir do segundo ano em \uffc3\uffa1rea preparada com arado de discos em 1979, primeiro ano de cultivo (PDAD); arado de aivecas pr\uffc3\uffa9-plantio (AVPP); arado de aivecas p\uffc3\uffb3s-colheita (AVPC); e plantio direto a partir do segundo ano em \uffc3\uffa1rea preparada com arado de aivecas em 1979, primeiro ano de cultivo (PDAV). Foram estimados o carbono da biomassa microbiana e o carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico do solo (Csolo) em cinco profundidades: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 e 30-40 cm; e em cinco \uffc3\uffa9pocas do ano: na \uffc3\uffa9poca da colheita da soja (abril/2000); no final do per\uffc3\uffadodo chuvoso, ap\uffc3\uffb3s ara\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o p\uffc3\uffb3s-colheita da soja (maio/2000); no per\uffc3\uffadodo seco, sem nenhuma cultura no campo (agosto/2000); no in\uffc3\uffadcio do per\uffc3\uffadodo chuvoso, no plantio do milho (novembro/2000); e na flora\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da cultura do milho (fevereiro/2001). Considerando todo o per\uffc3\uffadodo de estudo, os teores de C da biomassa microbiana (Cmic) e de Csolo foram menores nas camadas mais profundas em todos os sistemas de manejo e no Cerrado. No solo sob sistema plantio direto, os teores de Cmic e Csolo decresceram das camadas mais superficiais para as mais profundas e de forma mais acentuada que no solo sob sistemas convencionais. No CE, a biomassa microbiana constituiu-se em maior percentagem do carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico total do solo, em compara\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o aos sistemas cultivados, que n\uffc3\uffa3o apresentaram diferen\uffc3\uffa7as entre si.

", "keywords": ["no-till", "Latossolo", "organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "plantio direto", "Savanna", "moldboard plow", "savana", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "disk plow", "carbono org\u00e2nico", "arado de discos", "Latosol", "arado de aivecas", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ferreira, Eloisa Aparecida Belleza, Resck, Dimas Vital Siqueira, Gomes, Ant\u00f4nio Carlos, Ramos, Maria Lucr\u00e9cia Gerosa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832007000600038"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832007000600038", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832007000600038", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832007000600038"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-04", "title": "Altera\u00e7\u00f5es Na Mat\u00e9ria Org\u00e2nica E Na Biomassa Microbiana Em Solo De Mata Natural Submetido A Diferentes Manejos", "description": "

Avaliou-se, em um Latossolo Roxo, o efeito de diferentes formas de manejo do solo sobre a mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica do solo e na biomassa microbiana. Os tratamentos usados foram: mata natural; mata natural at\uffc3\uffa9 1976 e caf\uffc3\uffa9 at\uffc3\uffa9 1994 (amostragem na proje\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da copa e na entrelinha); mata natural at\uffc3\uffa9 1976, caf\uffc3\uffa9 at\uffc3\uffa9 1991 e milho at\uffc3\uffa9 1994; mata natural at\uffc3\uffa9 1940, caf\uffc3\uffa9 at\uffc3\uffa9 1960, citros at\uffc3\uffa9 1978, e cana-de-a\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffbacar at\uffc3\uffa9 1994 (amostragem na linha e na entrelinha). A mata natural apresentou os maiores valores de C org\uffc3\uffa2nico no solo e na fra\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o humina e os menores valores foram obtidos nas \uffc3\uffa1reas com cana-de-a\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffbacar, que apresentaram os maiores valores de C microbiano em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata natural. O uso agr\uffc3\uffadcola do solo aumentou a porcentagem de C org\uffc3\uffa2nico na forma de \uffc3\uffa1cidos h\uffc3\uffbamicos e f\uffc3\uffbalvicos, em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata natural. Em geral, o solo apresentou mais de 74% do C org\uffc3\uffa2nico na forma de h\uffc3\uffbamus residual.

", "keywords": ["Soil management", "uso do solo", "Composto org\u00e2nico", "carbono microbiano", "manejo do solo", "microbial carbon", "compostos org\u00e2nicos", "humina", "fulvic acids", "2. Zero hunger", "humin", "Manejo do solo", "organic carbon", "land use", "\u00c1cido f\u00falvico", "\u00e1cido h\u00famico", "\u00e1cido f\u00falvico", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "humic acids", "\u00c1cido h\u00famico", "Land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil management", "carbono org\u00e2nico", "organic compounds"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pesquisa%20Agropecu%C3%A1ria%20Brasileira", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-204x2004000600008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-26", "title": "Carbono Da Biomassa Microbiana Em Solo Cultivado Com Soja Sob Diferentes Sistemas De Manejo Nos Cerrados", "description": "

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o carbono da biomassa microbina de solo, cultivado com soja em diferentes sistemas de manejo. Os sistemas de manejo foram semeadura direta, uma gradagem, subsolagem e duas gradagens, realizadas num Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo argiloso. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em cinco profundidades (0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 e 30-40 cm) e em quatro \uffc3\uffa9pocas (antes do preparo do solo, 30 dias ap\uffc3\uffb3s a germina\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o, flora\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o e ap\uffc3\uffb3s a colheita da soja). Foram coletadas, tamb\uffc3\uffa9m, amostras de solo na mesma profundidade e na mesma \uffc3\uffa9poca, em uma \uffc3\uffa1rea de vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nativa (Cerrado sensu strictu), adjacente ao experimento. A subsolagem apresentou os maiores valores de carbono aos 30 dias ap\uffc3\uffb3s a germina\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o (865,7 mg kg-1 de solo). Este valor foi reduzido para 80,3 mg kg-1 de solo na flora\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o. Os valores de carbono na semeadura direta mantiveram-se mais est\uffc3\uffa1veis, principalmente na camada de 0-20 cm. As camadas de 0-5 e 5-10 cm apresentaram diferen\uffc3\uffa7a na maioria das \uffc3\uffa9pocas estudadas e das demais camadas. A subsolagem mostrou o menor valor do carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico do solo, ap\uffc3\uffb3s a colheita da soja. N\uffc3\uffa3o houve correla\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o entre a rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o carbono da biomassa microbiana/carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico e os nutrientes do solo na subsolagem

", "keywords": ["soil quality indicator", "2. Zero hunger", "Glycine max", "13. Climate action", "organic carbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "indicador de qualidade de solo", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbono org\u00e2nico"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Perez, K\u00e1tia Sueli Sivek, Ramos, Maria Lucr\u00e9cia Gerosa, McManus, Concepta,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2004000600008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pesquisa%20Agropecu%C3%A1ria%20Brasileira", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-204x2004000600008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-204x2004000600008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-204x2004000600008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/200/2009-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Mineral And Organic Fertilization Efficiency In Long-Term Stationary Experiments", "description": "In long-term stationary experiments under different soil-climatic conditions, an influence of mineral and organic fertilization on yield of winter wheat, spring barley and potato tubers was evaluated. Statistically significantly lowest grain yields of winter wheat (4.00 t/ha) and spring barley (2.81 t/ha) were obtained in non-fertilized plots at all experimental sites. In the case of potatoes, the lowest yield of dry matter (5.71 t/ha) was recorded in the control plot, but the result was not statistically significant. The manure-fertilized plot gave the average yield of wheat higher by 30%, of barley by 22%. Application of sewage sludge resulted in wheat yield higher by 41% and barley yield higher by 26% over control. On average, application of sewage sludge and manure increased the yield of potatoes by 30% over control. The highest yield was obtained after application of mineral fertilizers; average yield increased by 59, 50 and 36% in winter wheat, spring barley and potatoes, respectively. No statistically significant differences among the plots with mineral fertilizers were observed. At different sites, the yield of studied crops varied; however, the effect of fertilization on yield increments was similar at all experimental sites except for Lukavec. It is the site with the lowest natural soil fertility, and it showed the highest effect of the applied fertilizers.", "keywords": ["long-term field experiment", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "sewage sludge", "mineral fertilizers", "Plant culture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "spring barley", "6. Clean water", "winter wheat", "SB1-1110", "manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "potatoes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "V. Nedv\u011bd, Ji\u0159\u00ed Bal\u00edk, K. \u010c\u00e1sov\u00e1, J. \u010cern\u00fd, M. Kulh\u00e1nek,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/200/2009-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/200/2009-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/200/2009-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/200/2009-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/agronj2008.0188x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-01", "description": "

Organic resources (ORs) are important nutrient inputs in tropical agriculture. Combined with mineral fertilizers, they form the backbone of integrated soil fertility management. This study was conducted to determine the medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term influence of OR quality and quantity on maize productivity and to evaluate the occurrence of additive benefits in terms of extra grain yield produced by the combined application of ORs and N fertilizers. Farmyard manure, high quality Mexican sunflower [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray], intermediate quality calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meisn.) and maize (Zea mays L.), and low quality silky\uffe2\uff80\uff90oak (Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. ex R. Br.) sawdust were incorporated into the soil at equivalent rates of 1.2 and 4 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in Embu (clayey) and Machanga (sandy soil), together with a control to which no OR was added. All plots were split, with one half receiving 120 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 season\uffe2\uff88\uff921 as CaNH4NO3. The ORs, except sawdust and maize, improved maize grain yields compared with the control at both sites. Greatest mean maize yields (i.e., 4.9 and 2.3 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 season\uffe2\uff88\uff921, in Embu and Machanga, respectively) over 10 seasons were observed with the high rate of Mexican sunflower, but was not significantly different from calliandra and manure. Generally, maize yields were greater with higher than lower OR rates, except for maize and sawdust. Although N fertilizer additions to the ORs improved grain yields in Embu, the increase was marginal; resulting in negative interactive effects of applying ORs with N fertilizers, especially with high\uffe2\uff80\uff90N ORs. Thus high\uffe2\uff80\uff90N ORs should not be applied in combination with N fertilizers, especially at such high fertilizer N rates.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "abonos nitrogenados", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "maize", "630", "ma\u00edz", "soil exhaustion", "nitrogen fertilizers", "cultivos tropicales", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agotamiento del suelo", "estiercol", "farmyard manure", "organic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "tropical crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0188x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/agronj2008.0188x", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/agronj2008.0188x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/agronj2008.0188x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fbuil.2023.1237476", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-31", "title": "Comparing the environmental impact of poultry manure and chemical fertilizers", "description": "

One of the challenges in livestock production is the significant volume of manure generated, which must be appropriately managed to mitigate its environmental impacts. Untreated manure poses a potential hazard to soil, surface water, groundwater, and human and animal health. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, the research aims to evaluate the ecological load of composted-pelletized poultry litter (CPPL) in maize and winter wheat production. Furthermore, the environmental loads of CPPL applications are compared with those of other N, P, and K fertilizers. The research study utilized the openLCA software with the Agribalyse 3.1 database to calculate eleven impact categories. In the case of maize, only ozone depletion has higher emissions. For winter wheat production, scenarios where the P fertilizer was MAP had lower impacts for NPK combinations. While for the CPPL, fuel was the main contributor to loads, for the NPK fertilizer scenarios, energy use for fertilizer production contributed more. The results can be relevant to the burdens of using different nutrient replacement products and creating diverse feed mixtures. The application of CPPL promises to reduce the burden of crop production and, consequently, feed production. Additionally, it allows for the recovery of manure not useable by the livestock industry.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "environmental impacts", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "7. Clean energy", "winter wheat", "12. Responsible consumption", "life cycle assessment", "HT165.5-169.9", "13. Climate action", "composted-pelletized poultry litter", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "TA1-2040", "City planning", "chemical fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1237476"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Built%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fbuil.2023.1237476", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fbuil.2023.1237476", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1237476"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01893", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-28", "title": "Long-Term Application Of Bioorganic Fertilizers Improved Soil Biochemical Properties And Microbial Communities Of An Apple Orchard Soil", "description": "Soil biochemical properties and microbial communities are usually considered as important indicators of soil health because of their association with plant nutrition. In this study, we investigated the impact of long-term application of bioorganic fertilizer (BOF) on soil biochemical properties and microbial communities in the apple orchard soil of the Loess Plateau. The experiment included three treatments: (1) control without fertilization (CK); (2) chemical fertilizer application (CF); and (3) bioorganic fertilizer application (BOF). The high throughput sequencing was used to examine the bacterial and fungal communities in apple orchard soil. The results showed that the BOF treatment significantly increased the apple yield during the experimental time (2009-2015). The application of BOF significantly increased the activities of catalase and invertase compared to those in CK and CF treatments. The high throughput sequencing data showed that the application of BOF changed the microbial community composition of all soil depths considered (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm), e.g., the relative abundance of bio-control bacteria (Xanthomonadales, Lysobacter, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus), Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Ohtaekwangia, Ilyonectria, and Lecanicillium was increased while that of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gp4, Gp6 and Sphaerobacter was decreased. The increase in apple yield after the application of BOF might be due to increase in organic matter, total nitrogen and catalase and invertase activities of soil and change in the bacterial community composition by enriching Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Lysobacter, and Ohtaekwangia. These results further enhance the understanding on how BOFs alter soil microbial community composition to stimulate soil productivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "composition", "soil microbes", "soil depth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bioorganic fertilizers", "Apple yield", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01893"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01893", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01893", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01893"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-07", "title": "The Potential of Digestate and the Liquid Fraction of Digestate as Chemical Fertiliser Substitutes under the RENURE Criteria", "description": "

This study assessed how digestate and the liquid fraction (LF) of digestate would perform as candidate RENURE fertilisers (recovered nitrogen from manure) in nitrate vulnerable zones under the proposed criteria of the Joint Research Centre, namely, (i) a mineral nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90% (Nmin:TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90%) or a total organic carbon to TN ratio \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3 (TOC:TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3); (ii) limits of \uffe2\uff89\uffa4300 copper (Cu) mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and \uffe2\uff89\uffa4800 Zinc (Zn) mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921. These criteria were applied to unpublished data (n = 2622) on digestate compositional properties, further amended with data from the literature (n = 180); digestate analysis from seven full-scale biogas facilities (n = 14); and biogas industry stakeholders (n = 23). The results showed that Cu and Zn mostly met the criteria, with compliance rates of 94.7% (of 1035 entries) and 95.0% (of 1038 entries), respectively. Just above 5% (of 1856 entries) met the Nmin/TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90% criterion, while 36% (of 1583 entries) met the TOC/TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3 criterion, while total compliance was 32% (of 1893 entries). When targeting the LF, total compliance increased noticeably, between 43 and 58% depending on DM range, indicating that LFs are better suited RENURE candidate fertilisers than unseparated digestate.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "AMENDMENT PROPERTIES", "RENURE", "liquid fraction", "SEWAGE-SLUDGE", "NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS", "ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION", "SAFEMANURE", "7. Clean energy", "NUTRIENT RECOVERY PROCESSES", "NUE", "USE EFFICIENCY", "BIOGAS PRODUCTION", "ORGANIC FRACTION", "S", "circular economy", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Nitrates Directive", "NFRV", "MINERAL FERTILIZERS", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "digestate", "manure", "CATTLE SLURRY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1374/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071374"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11071374"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy12020265", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-21", "title": "Slurry Acidification as a Solution to Minimize Ammonia Emissions from the Combined Application of Animal Manure and Synthetic Fertilizer in No-Tillage", "description": "

The combined application of manure/slurry and synthetic fertilizer (SF) might be a solution to decrease transport and application costs involving those by-products as well as enable access to them in regions where availability is low. Moreover, their joint application can potentially reduce environmental pollution, enlarge the manure benefits to more areas, and enhance the SF efficiency. However, such a strategy might result in increased ammonia emissions when applied to crop residues. Two experiments were implemented to assess ammonia emissions from stubble-covered soil fertilized with manure amended with SF. In Experiment 1 (E1), urea (U) and calcium ammonium nitrate (AN) were applied combined with dairy manure (MAN). In Experiment 2 (E2), urea was combined with acidified pig slurry (APS) and applied just after sowing (T0) or eight days later (T8). The combinations U + MAN and AN + MAN increased the ammonia emissions, while APS decreased the emissions from U, in APS + U combination, by more than 75%. Therefore, manure combined with SF applied on stubble-covered soil should not be recommended. T8 reduced ammonia emissions from U. APS enhanced the efficiency of U, being then an interesting strategy to mitigate ammonia emissions when applied on stubble-covered soil, as in no-tillage.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "acidified slurry", "crop residues", "stubble-covered soil", "S", "acidified slurry; organic-mineral fertilizer; manure; conservation agriculture; crop residues; stubble-covered soil; urea; in-season fertilization; slurry sidedressing", "Agriculture", "urea", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "organic-mineral fertilizer", "12. Responsible consumption", "conservation agriculture", "13. Climate action", "manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "slurry sidedressing", "in-season fertilization"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/265/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/265/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020265"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy12020265", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy12020265", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy12020265"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-12", "title": "Evaluating the Fertilising Potential of Blended Recovered Nutrients in Horticultural Growing Medium on Viola x wittrockiana L.", "description": "

Viola x wittrockiana L. is an ornamental plant in high demand in horticulture. It is becoming more critical for greenhouse growers to focus on sustainable production to enhance plant quality while reducing negative environmental impacts. Therefore, assessing the effect of recycled phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) sources on the growth of viola could become very useful for producers in terms of sustainability. This experiment analysed the optimal fertiliser composition to grow viola using recovered fertilisers in a greenhouse trial under controlled conditions. Well-rooted viola plugs were grown in a standard peat-based growing medium. Using recycled sources of P and N as struvite and potassium struvite, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium nitrate, 14 fertiliser blends were prepared, tested, and compared with the slow-release commercial fertiliser Osmocote. Plants treated with ammonium nitrate showed healthy growth and optimal plant N concentrations. In contrast, most blends using the recovered ammonium sulphate resulted in an unacceptable increase of ammonium concentrations in the growing medium. The combination of ammonium sulphate and potassium sulphate caused an increase in the electrical conductivity in the growing medium, negatively affecting plant growth. However, blend 13 containing struvite, ammonium sulphate and potassium struvite expressed the best chemical composition with non-significant differences in the biomass from the positive controls, as it reduced the amount of potassium sulphate needed. Our results indicate that fertiliser blends containing P as struvite, N as ammonium nitrate or reduced amount of ammonium sulphate, and K as potassium struvite can substitute the use of mineral fertiliser blends to grow ornamental plant species as viola.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "nutrient recycling", "0301 basic medicine", "alternative fertilisers", "WASTE", "plant nutrition", "struvite", "PANSY", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "PLANTS", "recovered nutrients; ornamental plants; greenhouse flowers; sustainable plant production; alternative fertilisers; plant nutrition; struvite; nutrient recycling", "ornamental plants", "recovered nutrients", "greenhouse flowers", "2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "DIGESTATE", "sustainable plant production", "MINERAL FERTILIZERS", "GROWTH", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/640", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "FORM"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/182/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/182/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010182"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy12010182"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy12040899", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-08", "title": "Effects of Multi-Species Microbial Inoculants on Early Wheat Growth and Litterbag Microbial Activity", "description": "

The use of microbial consortia (MC) with complementing features is considered to be a promising method of sustainable crop intensification, potentially trumping the limited performance of single-strain applications. We assessed the effect of two novel MC on early wheat growth and litterbag microbial activity in heated and unheated soil. Pot experiments were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse over 63 days using a completely randomized design with six replications. A range of parameters of plant growth and nutrient uptake were regularly assessed and statistically analyzed by ANOVA. The litterbag-NIRS method was used to trace the microbial activity. Averaged over both trials, soil heating resulted in a significant increase in shoot biomass (+53%) and subsequent nitrogen uptake (+307 mg N pot\u22121) but strongly reduced root development (\u221246%) compared with unheated soil. The application of MC had no effect on wheat growth in the heated soil. By contrast, in the unheated soil, shoot (+12%) and root (+15%) biomass and shoot nitrogen uptake (+11%) were significantly increased after double inoculation with MC compared with autoclaved MC. The litterbag-NIRS method confirmed clear effects of soil heating on microbial activity. Differences between MC application and the control were noted, indicating a buffering effect of MC.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Greenhouse", "S", "Litterbag-NIRS method", "microbial consortia inoculants", "plant-microbe interactions", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Microbial consortia inoculants", "Plant-growth-promoting microorganisms", "plant-growth-promoting microorganisms; microbial consortia inoculants; microbial fertilizer; plant-microbe interactions; pot experiments; greenhouse; litterbag-NIRS method", "microbial fertilizer", "Pot experiments", "plant-growth-promoting microorganisms", "greenhouse", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "pot experiments", "Plant-microbe interactions", "Microbial fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/4/899/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/70987/1/Effects%20of%20Multi-Species%20Microbial%20Inoculants%20on%20Early%20Wheat%20Growth%20and%20Litterbag%20Microbial%20Activity.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/4/899/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12040899"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy12040899", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy12040899", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy12040899"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/iecag2021-10017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-28", "title": "Application of Dairy Manure Amended with Mineral Fertilizer on Stubble-Covered Soil: Effects on Ammonia Emissions", "description": "Open AccessPresented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Agronomy, 3\u201317 May 2021", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "manure", "no-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ammonia", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "organic-mineral fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/3/1/19/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/iecag2021-10017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%201st%20International%20Electronic%20Conference%20on%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/iecag2021-10017", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/iecag2021-10017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/iecag2021-10017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/su13031436", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-29", "title": "Horticulture and Orchards as New Markets for Manure Valorisation with Less Environmental Impacts", "description": "

Animal manure management is a real challenge to minimize environmental impacts and ensure that this valuable material is efficiently used in a circular economy context. One of the main limitations for larger use of animal manure as fertilizer is the availability of land to receive it in an area close to the farm. Indeed, animal manure is traditionally used for cereals and animal feed growth, but the soil area occupied with these crops might not be enough to receive all the manure produced and/or part of this soil might have nutrient contents, namely phosphorous, that do not permit further application of manure. Hence, extra land used for other agricultural activities might be an option. The main objective of the present review was to analyse the constraints and solutions to increase the use of manure in horticulture and orchards. Emphasis was given to the legal framework for manure utilization in the EU that might stimulate or restrain such a solution. The main characteristics of manure that might limit or stimulate manure reuse were also described, and the potential of some treatments to valorise manure was analysed. Several examples of alternative uses of manure in horticulture and orchards were examined, and the society and farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 acceptance of the proposed solution was addressed.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "farmer's acceptance", "pathogens", "water contamination", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ammonia", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "organic fertilizer", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1436/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031436"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/su13031436", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/su13031436", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/su13031436"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4025/actasciagron.v36i3.17937", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-11", "title": "Mineralogy And Phosphorus Adsorption In Soils Of South And Central-West Brazil Under Conventional And No-Tillage Systems", "description": "The low phosphorus availability in tropical and subtropical soils, normally related to adsorption of phosphate to the minerals surfaces, can be attenuated when organic matter (OM) accumulates in the soils. Herein, we report the results of long-term experiments (18\u201332 years) aimed at quantifying the maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity (MPAC) and its determinant mineralogical variables in Brazilian soils and at assessing the effect of no-tillage (NT) in mitigating the phosphorus adsorption of soils. The MPAC of soils ranged from 297 to 4,561 mg kg-1\u00a0in the 0.00\u20130.10 m layer and from 285 to 4,961 mg kg-1\u00a0in the 0.10\u20130.20 m layer. The MPAC was correlated with the concentrations of iron oxides, goethite and ferrihydrite, gibbsite/(gibbsite+kaolinite) ratio and the specific surface area. The OM increased in the 0.00\u20130.10 m layer of NT soils, which was not reflected on the decrease of MPAC for the no-tillage soils.", "keywords": ["Fosfato", "iron oxides", "Agriculture (General)", "S1-972", "Adsor\u00e7\u00e3o", "G\u00eanese do solo", "Carbono org\u00e2nico", "phosphate", "gibbsita", "2. Zero hunger", "Manejo do solo", "organic carbon", "Gibbsita", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fosfato", "Plantio direto", "15. Life on land", "\u00d3xidos de ferro", "Fertilidade do solo", "6. Clean water", "\u00f3xidos de ferro", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plantio convencional", "carbono org\u00e2nico", "gibbsite", "\u00d3xido de ferro"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/17937/pdf_31"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v36i3.17937"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Scientiarum.%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4025/actasciagron.v36i3.17937", "name": "item", "description": "10.4025/actasciagron.v36i3.17937", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4025/actasciagron.v36i3.17937"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3733/ca.v063n02p84", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-14", "title": "Modeling Shows That Alternative Soil Management Can Decrease Greenhouse Gases", "description": "Agricultural management has a significant impact on the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by cropped fields. Alternative practices such as winter cover cropping and avoiding overfertilization can decrease the total amount of greenhouse gases that are produced. Policymakers are considering a structure in which parties (such as factories) who exceed their greenhouse-gas emissions cap can pay incentives to encourage farmers to adopt practices that curb greenhouse gases. Based on data from field studies and an ecosystem computer model, we assessed impacts on yields and the total potential for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions of certain alternative practices in California.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "cover copping", "Land", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Air and Water Sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "7. Clean energy", "organic fertilizer", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Land", " Air and Water Sciences", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt83p4m8qn/qt83p4m8qn.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v063n02p84"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/California%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3733/ca.v063n02p84", "name": "item", "description": "10.3733/ca.v063n02p84", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3733/ca.v063n02p84"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d23", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:14Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-01-08", "title": "An isotope study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus use efficiency and movement in soil in a mimicked vermicompost-based organo-mineral fertilizer", "description": "unspecifiedPot Experiment Setup To assess N and P uptake by Italian ryegrass, a pot experiment was carried out for 8 weeks. Vermicompost (VC), a 15N-labeled N solution (Nsol) and a 33P-labeled P solution (Psol) were used to fertilize the soil and create the different treatments. A commercial vermicompost of bovine manure produced in Northwestern Italy was used in this study (Fig. S1). The commercial vermicompost was air-dried and milled to <2 mm. The vermicompost was characterized using the official methods of the Regione-Piemonte (1998). The residual humidity content of the dry vermicompost was 432 g kg-1, the pH in a water suspension (1:10) was 9.9, the Corg value in dry matter was 198 g kg-1 DM , the total P was 9 g kg-1 DM , and the total N was 14.8 g kg-1 DM. Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) and potassium phosphate (KH2PO4) were used to prepare separate aqueous solution of 80.3 \u00b5g N ml-1 and 28.5 \u00b5g P ml-1, respectively. The Nsol was prepared by dissolving 9.57 mg of (NH4)2SO4 and 9.53 mg of 10 atom% 15N((NH4)2SO4 into 50 ml of Milli-Q water, resulting in a N solution with 5.5 atom% 15N abundance. On the same day of sowing, the Psol was prepared by dissolving 625 mg of KH2PO4 into 50 ml of Milli-Q water, and labeled by adding carrier-free 33P orthophosphate (Hartmann Analytics) solution to reach a specific activity of 10.7 kBq mg-1 P. Although creating a granular or pelletized OMF would have been ideal for testing potential physical interactions between vermicompost and the mineral fertilizers, this effect was not addressed in this research because of the difficulties in producing and OMF labelled with a radioisotope P tracer. Therefore, the vermicompost and the fertilizer solutions were used to mimicking an OMF granule by mixing them together in the soil. Treatments included two mixtures of vermicompost with mineral fertilizers at a ratio between Corg \u2013 N \u2013 P205 ratio of 7.5 \u2013 20 \u2013 10 (OMF7.5C) and 15 \u2013 20 \u2013 10 (OMF15C). Controls included unfertilized soil (N0P0), soil fertilized with only mineral N (MFN), only mineral P (MFP), mineral N and P (MFNP), and vermicompost at the same rates as OMF7.5C (OF7.5C) and OMF15C (OF15C). With the Pmin fertilization (Fig. S2), soils from the pot experiment received an activity of 314 Bq g-1 soil. The soil for the experiment was collected from the experimental station of Tetto Frati of the University of Turin, in NW Italy (44\u00b0 53\u2032 N, 7\u00b0 41\u2032 E; elevation 245 m). Soil was collected from the first 0.2 m of the top layer of a plot managed with maize monoculture, regularly plowed and fertilized as the typical agronomic management of the area. The soil was sieved to 5 mm and air-dried for approximately four months prior to the start of the experiment. The soil chemical characteristics measured before the beginning of the experiment indicated a low content in both plant-available N and P. Before starting the pot experiment, the bulk soil was fertilized with nutrient solutions adding 300 mg K, 60 mg Ca, 50 mg Mg, 1 mg Zn, 0.1 mg Mo, 1 mg Fe, 1 mg B, 2 mg Mn, 2 mg Cu and 0.1 mg Co per kg-1 soil to avoid any possible complementary nutrient deficiency. After fertilization, the soil was humidified to 45 % of its water holding capacity (corresponding to 109 g per kg of dry soil) and pre-incubated during 10 days at 22 \u00b0C to boost soil microbial activity. After pre-incubation, the pots were filled with the equivalent of 1 kg of air-dried soil and fertilized according to treatments. For the fertilization, two holes of 2 cm of depth and 0.5 cm of diameter were made in each pot, and on day 0, each of them was fertilized. Immediately after fertilization, 0.75 g seeds of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. Gemini) were distributed uniformly over the soil and then covered with 100 g of pure sand. The pots were kept in a greenhouse at 24 and 20 \u00b0C, with 12 hours light, and 65% air humidity. Soils were irrigated daily based on weight loss. To satisfy the crop requirements, irrigation was increased to keep 60 % of field capacity during the first 2 weeks, and then up to 70 % of field capacity until the final harvest. The first harvest was made 4 weeks (Fig. S3) after sowing and a second harvest was made after 4 further weeks. The harvest consisted in cutting the whole biomass at approximately 1 cm above the soil surface. Each treatment had 4 replicates. Pots were completely randomized three times per week. Incubation Experiment Setup An incubation experiment was performed to assess the influence of the vermicompost on the nutrient availability and flow from the mineral fertilizers in the soil. Soil fertilizers used were the same as in the pot experiment, but no plants were sown. The treatments for the incubation were MFNP, OMF7.5C and OMF15C. The incubation set-up and soil sampling was adapted from Sica et al. (2023), and consisted in using plastic cylinders of 18 mm of height and 60 mm of diameter. Each experimental unit had two cylinders placed one above the another and was filled with 148.6 g of soil in total. The two cylinders were separated by a nylon net with 45 \u00b5m mesh size that allowed soil solution flow. The top cylinder was fertilized replicating vermicompost, Nsol, and Psol quantities and procedures as for one hole of the pot experiment. On the day of the Pmin fertilization, the Psol had a specific activity of 3.5 kBq mg-1 P.\u00a0 With the Pmin fertilization, soils from the incubation experiment received an activity of 313.5 Bq g-1 soil.\u00a0 The soil in cylinders was humidified to 70 % of field capacity. Experimental units were placed in a box covered with a plastic sheet that did not allow vapor and light flows and kept at the same temperature conditions as the pot experiment for 10 days. Each treatment had 6 experimental units and they were completely randomized. After the incubation, the soil from the top cylinder (topsoil) was collected entirely, while from the bottom cylinder additional soil was collected from the mesh to 6 mm depth (bottom soil). Soil from two randomly chosen experimental units was mixed to reach a higher amount of sample to be analyzed, thus leaving a total of 3 replicates per treatment. Measurements on Plants In the pot experiment, at each harvest, Italian ryegrass shoot biomass was cut and dried at 40 \u00b0C for 72 hours, and then weighted to calculate dry matter yield. Afterwards, all shoot biomass was milled in a rotational miller and stored until analysis. A chemical element analyzer (Vario Pyro cube, Elementar, Germany), coupled to a mass spectrometer (IsoPrime100 IRMS, Isoprime, United Kingdom) was used to analyze total C, total N and 15N/14N from shoot biomass. For determination of P concentrations in shoot tissues, 0.25 g of milled ryegrass shoot biomass were ashed at 450 \u00b0C during 100 min. Subsequently, ashes were dissolved in 3 ml of 15.6 M nitric acid and then the volume was brought up to 25 ml with Milli-Q water. Total P concentration in the extracts was analyzed by colorimetry with malachite green (Ohno & Zibilske, 1991). The 33P radioactivity in biomass was determined using a liquid scintillation counter (TRI CARB 2500 TR, Packard) by mixing 2 ml of extract or solution with 5 ml of a scintillation liquid (Ultima Gold AB, Packard). Values were corrected for quenching and for radioactive decay back to the day of pot fertilization. Measurements on Soil Soil samples of the incubation experiment were dried at 40\u00b0C for 3 days and then ball-milled and stored until analysis. Soil samples were analyzed for concentration of total N and 15N/14N ratio with the same method and instruments as for plant samples. The 15N enrichment of total soil N was then related to the 15N enrichment of the fertilizer and decreasing 15N enrichment of soil N interpreted as less fertilizer N having moved in the respective soil zone/layer (Frick et al., 2022). For determining P contained in soil, soil ashes were obtained similarly to plant biomass ashes. Soil ashes were dissolved into 50 ml of H2SO4 solution (0.5 M). Then, 5 to 10 ml of the solution was filtered with 0.2 \u03bcm syringe filters and stored at 4\u00b0C for 1 day until analysis of radioactivity. Values of 33P radioactivity in extracts were measured 32 days after fertilization following the same procedures as with biomass samples and corrected for radioactive decay by calculating back to day 0 of fertilization. The decrease of the specific activity of the soil P with distance from the fertilizer spot indicated decreasing presence of fertilizer P (as above explained for N). Statistical Analysis Both experiments had a completely randomized design. When testing for differences between treatments over the harvests, a repeated measures ANOVA was used. The incubation experiment was analyzed comparing treatments of each soil layer with a one-way ANOVA using treatment as factor. If significant differences between treatments were found a Tukey\u2019s HSD test was performed as a post hoc comparison. Some values were analyzed as the total production (sums or averages of both harvests, or both soil layers), in those cases data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA using treatment as factor. All analyses were performed using the software R, version 4.0.5. Package multcompView was used to display post hoc results.", "keywords": ["vermicompost", "FOS: Agricultural sciences", "nutrient use efficiency", "double labeling", "organo-mineral fertilizer"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sitzmann, Tomas Javier, Sica, Pietro, Zavattaro, Laura, Moretti, Barbara, Grignani, Carlo, Oberson, Astrid,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d23"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d23", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12079/70987", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-08", "title": "Effects of Multi-Species Microbial Inoculants on Early Wheat Growth and Litterbag Microbial Activity", "description": "

The use of microbial consortia (MC) with complementing features is considered to be a promising method of sustainable crop intensification, potentially trumping the limited performance of single-strain applications. We assessed the effect of two novel MC on early wheat growth and litterbag microbial activity in heated and unheated soil. Pot experiments were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse over 63 days using a completely randomized design with six replications. A range of parameters of plant growth and nutrient uptake were regularly assessed and statistically analyzed by ANOVA. The litterbag-NIRS method was used to trace the microbial activity. Averaged over both trials, soil heating resulted in a significant increase in shoot biomass (+53%) and subsequent nitrogen uptake (+307 mg N pot\u22121) but strongly reduced root development (\u221246%) compared with unheated soil. The application of MC had no effect on wheat growth in the heated soil. By contrast, in the unheated soil, shoot (+12%) and root (+15%) biomass and shoot nitrogen uptake (+11%) were significantly increased after double inoculation with MC compared with autoclaved MC. The litterbag-NIRS method confirmed clear effects of soil heating on microbial activity. Differences between MC application and the control were noted, indicating a buffering effect of MC.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Greenhouse", "S", "Litterbag-NIRS method", "microbial consortia inoculants", "plant-microbe interactions", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Microbial consortia inoculants", "Plant-growth-promoting microorganisms", "plant-growth-promoting microorganisms; microbial consortia inoculants; microbial fertilizer; plant-microbe interactions; pot experiments; greenhouse; litterbag-NIRS method", "microbial fertilizer", "Pot experiments", "plant-growth-promoting microorganisms", "greenhouse", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "pot experiments", "Plant-microbe interactions", "Microbial fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/4/899/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/70987/1/Effects%20of%20Multi-Species%20Microbial%20Inoculants%20on%20Early%20Wheat%20Growth%20and%20Litterbag%20Microbial%20Activity.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/4/899/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12079/70987"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12079/70987", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12079/70987", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12079/70987"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.16895135", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:25:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-31", "title": "Comparing the environmental impact of poultry manure and chemical fertilizers", "description": "

One of the challenges in livestock production is the significant volume of manure generated, which must be appropriately managed to mitigate its environmental impacts. Untreated manure poses a potential hazard to soil, surface water, groundwater, and human and animal health. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, the research aims to evaluate the ecological load of composted-pelletized poultry litter (CPPL) in maize and winter wheat production. Furthermore, the environmental loads of CPPL applications are compared with those of other N, P, and K fertilizers. The research study utilized the openLCA software with the Agribalyse 3.1 database to calculate eleven impact categories. In the case of maize, only ozone depletion has higher emissions. For winter wheat production, scenarios where the P fertilizer was MAP had lower impacts for NPK combinations. While for the CPPL, fuel was the main contributor to loads, for the NPK fertilizer scenarios, energy use for fertilizer production contributed more. The results can be relevant to the burdens of using different nutrient replacement products and creating diverse feed mixtures. The application of CPPL promises to reduce the burden of crop production and, consequently, feed production. Additionally, it allows for the recovery of manure not useable by the livestock industry.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "environmental impacts", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "7. Clean energy", "winter wheat", "12. Responsible consumption", "life cycle assessment", "HT165.5-169.9", "13. Climate action", "composted-pelletized poultry litter", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "TA1-2040", "City planning", "chemical fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16895135"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Built%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.16895135", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.16895135", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.16895135"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/GXUNAZ", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Non-responsiveness of crops to fertilizers under some soils in sub-Saharan Africa", "description": "Open AccessLow productivity of agriculture observed in different parts of sub-Saharan Africa is threatening food security in the region. Decades of production with mostly application of small amounts of inorganic fertilizers (mostly macronutrients) and scarce organic resources in the context of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) result in nutrient mining of secondary and micronutrients in majority of smallholder farms. With the last decade, crop non-responsiveness to nutrient application has become an important issue requiring scientific understanding. We provide data focused on identifying the extent of non-responsiveness of crops to nutrient application and the associated factors. Data contains crop yield response to secondary and micronutrient (SMN), manure and lime application relative to yields of only NP/K application.", "keywords": ["Nutrient response", "carbono organico del suelo", "Agricultural Sciences", "Soil organic carbon", "CGIAR Research Program on Water", " Land and Ecosystems", "Inorganic fertilisers", "abonos inorganicos", "Multifunctional Landscapes", "micronutrients fertilizers", "Soil fertility", "Micronutrient fertilizers", "soil organic carbon", "Manure", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Africa", "inorganic fertilizers", "fertilizantes de oligoelementos"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kihara, Job Maguta, Okeyo, Jeremiah, Bolo, Peter Omondi, Kinyua, Michael,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/GXUNAZ"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/GXUNAZ", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/GXUNAZ", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/GXUNAZ"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10481/84643", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-30", "title": "The Combined Applications of Microbial Inoculants and Organic Fertilizer Improve Plant Growth under Unfavorable Soil Conditions", "description": "

The performance of two bio-inoculants either in single or in combined applications with organic fertilizer was tested to determine their effect on plant growth and yield under normal and unfavorable field conditions such as low pH value and low content of P. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF; three species of Glomus) and the plant-growth-promoting bacterial strain Kosakonia radicincitans DSM16656 were applied to barley in a two-year field experiment with different soil pH levels and available nutrients. Grain yield; contents of P, N, K, and Mg; and soil microbial parameters were measured. Grain yield and the content of nutrients were significantly increased by the applications of mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, AMF, and K. radicincitans, and the combined application of organic fertilizer with AMF and with K. radicincitans over the control under normal growth conditions. Under low-pH and low-P conditions, only the combined application of the organic fertilizer with K. radicincitans and organic fertilizer with AMF could increase the grain yield and content of nutrients of barley over the control.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Yield", "QH301-705.5", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Soil pH", "Article", "Kosakonia radicincitans", "03 medical and health sciences", "organic fertilizer", "Microbial inoculants", "Kosakonia radicincitans", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial inoculants; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Kosakonia radicincitans; organic fertilizer; field experiment; soil conditions; soil pH; yield", "soil conditions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Field experiment", "field experiment", "13. Climate action", "Organic fertilizer", "Soil conditions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial inoculants"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1721/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1721/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10481/84643"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10481/84643", "name": "item", "description": "10481/84643", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10481/84643"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10532/6053", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-05", "title": "Effects of herbaceous covers and mineral fertilizers on the nutrient stocks and fluxes in a Mediterranean olive grove", "description": "The preservation of nutrient capital, soil fertility, and carbon (C) sequestration capacity in Mediterranean olive groves requires evaluation of agricultural practices beyond short-term productivity. We aim to contribute with a mechanistic understanding on the effects that the preservation of herbaceous cover and the use of chemical fertilizers have on the performance of olive trees and on the biogeochemical cycles of the agroecosystem. We compared nutrient fluxes and aboveground leafy stocks in an olive grove that had been organically managed for more than 60 years, in a treatment in which the annual spontaneous herbaceous cover was maintained (H), and after two years of shift to conventional management treatments in which the growth of herbaceous vegetation was avoided by the use of herbicides (NH), and where exclusion of the herbaceous cover is also combined with the supply of mineral fertilizers (NHF). Maintenance of herbaceous vegetation in H contributed to the retention of a high aboveground capital of C and nutrients, particularly nitrogen, (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) that were about 2.9, 3.9 and 7.4 times greater than in NH, respectively. The permanence of herbaceous cover stimulated olive tree leaf litter decomposition rates by about 86 % and increased nutrient release. However, the H treatment led to a 37 % decrease in olive yield and lowered olive foliar N and P content as negative short-term effects. The addition of fertilizers (N, P, K, and Mg) in mineral and solid form in NHF resulted inefficient to improve olive tree nutritional status and olive production, and decelerated olive tree litter decomposition rates by 21 % and nutrient release. The nutrient retention in organic forms in the fast-growing species of herbaceous covers and the progressive nutrient release as litter decomposes may contribute to regulate and better adapt nutrient availability to the nutrient requirements of olive trees.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agroecosistemas", "Cubierta vegetal", "Agroecosystem", "Litter decomposition", "Sustainable agriculture", "Microclimate amelioration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultura sostenible", "Nutritional status", "Weed cover", "13. Climate action", "Olive production", "Abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Olea europaea", "Hojarasca", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10532/6053"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10532/6053", "name": "item", "description": "10532/6053", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10532/6053"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11370/a5fba259-dd61-43ac-8b8a-86b2d5fd6cef", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-08-20", "title": "Regenerating productivity after soil fertility depletion in a 20-year cotton\u2013maize rotation in Benin", "description": "Abstract

Soil degradation is a major challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa, where integrated soil fertility management has been promoted to restore productivity. A long-term experiment (1972\uffe2\uff80\uff931992) run in Benin consisted of two phases: a depletion phase (1972\uffe2\uff80\uff931980) with varying levels of mineral and organic fertilisation, and a regeneration phase (1981\uffe2\uff80\uff931992) where all plots received full fertilisation and organic matter additions. Soils were sampled at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm depth in 1973, 1974, 1982, and 1989 to assess fertility changes. Mineral fertilisation (N, P, K) and plant biomass management (crop residue retention and biomass additions) significantly influenced seed cotton and maize grain yields during the depletion phase. Soil organic carbon declined consistently in all treatments during depletion but remained stable during regeneration. The long-term effect was evident only in seed cotton yield during depletion. In contrast, due to high variability, maize grain yield showed no consistent trend. The combined use of organic resources and mineral fertilisers helped maintain crop productivity but led to declining soil chemical properties in this Ferralsol. The analysis of this outdated yet unpublished dataset shed light on how long-term soil depletion effects persist over time, even when soil fertility management is restored, indicating a sort of \uffe2\uff80\uff98soil memory\uffe2\uff80\uff99. The persistence of these effect suggests that regenerative interventions must begin before critical thresholds of degradation are crossed. Future research should focus on alternative measures to restore/maintain soil fertility not evaluated in this experiment, such as conservation tillage or legume integration, to provide long-term benefits for smallholder farmers facing soil fertility challenges.
Nitrogen, Cd and Mn related to NPK, and Mo and Na to AM. Barium, Fe, and P reflected nutrient rate; these elements increased with nutrient rate regardless of source. Unmanured grains were enriched in Cu. Mariboss was characterized by higher concentrations of Sr, Ba and Sc compared to Hereford with Sr in grain as the main separator. Univariate statistics showed higher concentrations of N, P, Mg, Ba, Cu, Mo and Zn in early sown than in timely sown wheat. Compared with Hereford grains Mariboss was higher in P, Mg, Ba, Cu and Sr but lower in Mn, Mo and Zn. Thus, confounding effects of cultivar, sowing date, nutrient source and rate limits the potential of multi-element analysis in discriminating among agricultural products from different sites and cropping systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "multi-element fingerprinting", "animal manure", "Askov-LTE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "mineral fertilisers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2618630843"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cereal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2618630843", "name": "item", "description": "2618630843", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2618630843"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2980991993", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-16", "title": "Phosphorus-acquisition strategies of canola, wheat and barley in soil amended with sewage sludges", "description": "Abstract

Crops have different strategies to acquire poorly-available soil phosphorus (P) which are dependent on their architectural, morphological, and physiological root traits, but their capacity to enhance P acquisition varies with the type of fertilizer applied. The objective of this study was to examine how P-acquisition strategies of three main crops are affected by the application of sewage sludges, compared with a mineral P fertilizer. We carried out a 3-months greenhouse pot experiment and compared the response of P-acquisition traits among wheat, barley and canola in a soil amended with three sludges or a mineral P fertilizer. Results showed that the P-acquisition strategy differed among crops. Compared with canola, wheat and barley had a higher specific root length and a greater root carboxylate release and they acquired as much P from sludge as from mineral P. By contrast, canola shoot P content was greater with sludge than with mineral P. This was attributed to a higher root-released acid phosphatase activity which promoted the mineralization of sludge-derived P-organic. This study showed that contrasted P-acquisition strategies of crops allows increased use of renewable P resources by optimizing combinations of crop and the type of P fertilizer applied within the cropping system.Rapidly growing global populations mandate greater crop productivity despite increasingly scarce natural resources, including freshwater. The adoption of sustainable agricultural practices seek to address such issues, but an unintended consequence is the exposure of agricultural soils and associated biota to emerging contaminants including azole pharmaceutical antifungals. We show that environmentally relevant exposure to three commonly prescribed azole antifungals can reduce mycorrhizal 33P transfer from the soil into the host plant. This suggests that exposure to azoles may have a significant impact on mycorrhizal\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated transfer of nutrients in soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant systems. Understanding the unintended consequences of sustainable agricultural practices is needed to ensure the security and safety of future food production systems.

Summary

Sustainable farming practices are increasingly necessary to meet the demands of a growing population under constraints imposed by climate change. These practices, in particular the reuse of wastewater and amending soil with wastewater derived biosolids, provide a pathway for man\uffe2\uff80\uff90made chemicals to enter the agricultural environment.

Among the chemicals commonly detected in wastewater and biosolids are pharmaceutical azole antifungals. Fungi, in particular mycorrhiza\uffe2\uff80\uff90forming fungal symbionts of plant roots, are key drivers of nutrient cycling in the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant system. As such, greater understanding of the impacts of azole antifungal exposure in agricultural systems is urgently needed.

We exposed wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. \uffe2\uff80\uff98Skyfall\uffe2\uff80\uff99) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to environmentally relevant concentrations of three azole antifungals (clotrimazole, miconazole nitrate and fluconazole). We traced the mycorrhizal\uffe2\uff80\uff90acquired 33P from the soil into the host plant in contaminated versus non\uffe2\uff80\uff90contaminated soils and found 33P transfer from mycorrhizal fungi to host plants was reduced in soils containing antifungals. This represents a potentially major disruption to soil nutrient flows as a result of soil contamination.

Our work raises the major issue of exposure of soil biota to pharmaceuticals such as azole antifungals, introduced via sustainable agricultural practices, as a potentially globally important disruptive influence on soil nutrient cycles. The impacts of these compounds on non\uffe2\uff80\uff90target organisms, beneficial mycorrhizal fungi in particular, could have major implications on security and sustainability of future food systems.

Crops have different strategies to acquire poorly-available soil phosphorus (P) which are dependent on their architectural, morphological, and physiological root traits, but their capacity to enhance P acquisition varies with the type of fertilizer applied. The objective of this study was to examine how P-acquisition strategies of three main crops are affected by the application of sewage sludges, compared with a mineral P fertilizer. We carried out a 3-months greenhouse pot experiment and compared the response of P-acquisition traits among wheat, barley and canola in a soil amended with three sludges or a mineral P fertilizer. Results showed that the P-acquisition strategy differed among crops. Compared with canola, wheat and barley had a higher specific root length and a greater root carboxylate release and they acquired as much P from sludge as from mineral P. By contrast, canola shoot P content was greater with sludge than with mineral P. This was attributed to a higher root-released acid phosphatase activity which promoted the mineralization of sludge-derived P-organic. This study showed that contrasted P-acquisition strategies of crops allows increased use of renewable P resources by optimizing combinations of crop and the type of P fertilizer applied within the cropping system.