{"type": "FeatureCollection", "facets": {"type": {"type": "terms", "property": "type", "buckets": [{"value": "Journal Article", "count": 15}, {"value": "Dataset", "count": 2}, {"value": "Other", "count": 1}]}, "soil_chemical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_chemical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "soil organic matter", "count": 3}, {"value": "methane", "count": 2}, {"value": "soil organic carbon", "count": 1}]}, "soil_biological_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_biological_properties", "buckets": []}, "soil_physical_properties": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_physical_properties", "buckets": [{"value": "hydraulic conductivity", "count": 18}, {"value": "drainage", "count": 2}, {"value": "bulk density", "count": 1}]}, "soil_classification": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_classification", "buckets": [{"value": "sandy soils", "count": 1}]}, "soil_functions": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_functions", "buckets": [{"value": "soil fertility", "count": 1}]}, "soil_threats": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_threats", "buckets": []}, "soil_processes": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_processes", "buckets": []}, "soil_management": {"type": "terms", "property": "soil_management", "buckets": [{"value": "compost", "count": 1}]}, "ecosystem_services": {"type": "terms", "property": "ecosystem_services", "buckets": []}}, "features": [{"id": "10.1002/hyp.11203", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-16", "title": "3D soil hydraulic database of Europe at 250\u00a0m resolution", "description": "Abstract

Soil hydraulic properties are required in various modelling schemes. We propose a consistent spatial soil hydraulic database at 7 soil depths up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m calculated for Europe based on SoilGrids250m and 1\uffc2\uffa0km datasets and pedotransfer functions trained on the European Hydropedological Data Inventory. Saturated water content, water content at field capacity and wilting point, saturated hydraulic conductivity and Mualem\uffe2\uff80\uff90van Genuchten parameters for the description of the moisture retention, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves have been predicted. The derived 3D soil hydraulic layers (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids ver1.0) can be used for environmental modelling purposes at catchment or continental scale in Europe. Currently, only EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids provides information on the most frequently required soil hydraulic properties with full European coverage up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth at 250\uffc2\uffa0m resolution.150\u00a0\u03bcm in diameter (pores draining freely with gravity) were 0.124, 0.096 and 0.095\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.110, 0.104 and 0.101\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. Saturated hydraulic conductivity values in all the studied soil depths were significantly greater under ZT than those under CT (range from 300 to 344\u00a0mm\u00a0day \u22121 ). The observed k ( h ) values at 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth under ZT were significantly higher than those computed under CT at all the suction levels, except at \u221210, \u2212100 and \u2212400\u00a0kPa suction. Among the crop rotations, S\u2013P rotation recorded significantly higher k ( h ) values than those under S\u2013W and S\u2013L rotations up to \u221240\u00a0kPa suction. The interaction effects of tillage and crop rotations affecting the k ( h ) values were found significant at all the soil water suctions. Both S\u2013L and S\u2013P rotations resulted in better soil water retention and transmission properties under ZT.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "550", "Soil hydraulic conductivity", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pore size distribution", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "6. Clean water", "Crop rotation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ad0a1a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-06", "title": "Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review", "description": "Abstract

Plastic pollution in terrestrial environments is a global issue due to its adverse effects on soil health, with negative impacts on ecosystem services and food production. However, the enormous heterogeneity of both plastic and soil characteristics complicate the assessment of the impact and overall trends in plastic-induced changes in soil properties beyond experimental conditions. In this work, we have carried out a systematic and in-depth review of the existing literature on the impact of plastics on soil physical properties. To this end, we have quantified the effects of macro- (MaP, >5000 \uffce\uffbcm) and micro-plastics (MiP, <5000 \uffce\uffbcm) on soil bulk density, soil porosity, water-stable aggregates (WSAs), saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil moisture at field capacity (FC), based on four characteristics of plastics: polymer types, shapes and sizes of plastic particles, and plastic concentrations in soil. Results showed that MaPs and MiPs significantly modified the values of the analyzed soil physical properties compared to the control without plastic in over 50% of the experimental dataset, albeit with a large variability, from a reduction to an increase in values, depending on the specific experimental conditions and the soil physical property. Depending on the plastic concentration, soil bulk density and porosity decreased moderately (4%\uffe2\uff80\uff936%) with MiP and MaP. MiP reduced WSA by an average of 20%, ranging from a 40% decrease to a 20% increase depending on the shapes and concentration of MiP. Saturated hydraulic conductivity changed depending on the polymer types, shapes, and concentrations of MaP and MiP, varying from a 70% decrease to a 40% increase. Soil water content at FC varied depending on the soil texture, and concentration and sizes distribution of conventional MiP, decreasing from 10% to 65%. However, biodegradable plastic increased soil water content at FC. The few studies available provide evidence that not enough attention is being paid to soil physical properties influenced by plastic input. It is recommended to consider the wide range of characteristics of MaP and MiP and their effects on soil physical properties in future studies, for an advance understanding of the impact of MiP and MaP on soil health in the medium-long term under different environmental conditions.

Soil organic matter is a key resource base for agriculture. However, its content in cultivated soils is low and often decreases. This study aimed at examining the effects of long-term application of chicken manure (CM) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on organic matter accumulation, acidity, and hydraulic properties of soil. Two podzol soils with sandy texture in Podlasie Region (Poland) were enriched with recycled CM (10 Mg ha\u22121) and SMS (20 Mg ha\u22121), respectively, every 1\u20132 years for 20 years. The application of CM and SMS increased soil organic matter content at the depths of 0\u201320, 20\u201340, and 40\u201360 cm, especially at 0\u201320 cm (by 102\u2013201%). The initial soil pH increased in the CM- and SMS-amended soil by 1.7\u20132.0 units and 1.0\u20131.2 units, respectively. Soil bulk density at comparable depths increased and decreased following the addition of CM and SMS, respectively. The addition of CM increased field water capacity (at \u2013100 hPa) in the range from 45.8 to 117.8% depending on the depth within the 0\u201360 cm layer. In the case of the SMS addition, the value of the parameter was in the range of 42.4\u201348.5% at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. Depending on the depth, CM reduced the content of transmission pores (>50 \u00b5m) in the range from 46.3 to 82.3% and increased the level of residual pores (<0.5 \u00b5m) by 91.0\u2013198.6%. SMS increased the content of residual pores at the successive depths by 121.8, 251.0, and 30.3% and decreased or increased the content of transmission and storage pores. Additionally, it significantly reduced the saturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. The fitted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within the 0\u201340 cm layer increased and decreased in the CM- and SMS-amended soils, respectively. The results provide a novel insight into the application of recycled organic materials to sequester soil organic matter and improve crop productivity by increasing soil water retention capacity and decreasing acidity. This is of particular importance in the case of the studied low-productivity sandy acidic soils that have to be used in agriculture due to limited global land resources and rising food demand.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil pH", "organic amendments", "soil water retention", "soil organic matter", "coarse textured soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil hydraulic conductivity", "15. Life on land", "Article", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/4036/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/4036/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14144036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma14144036", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma14144036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma14144036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:20:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "Physical, chemical and biological attributes of soil surface are significantly affected by tillage practices and crop rotation. The objective of this study was to determine the short-term (2006-2009) effects of conventional and conservational tillage practices on selected soil physical properties of a heavy clay soil under two wheat-corn and wheatlegume rotation in a semi-arid Mediterranean Region. Treatments included conventional tillage with residue incorporated in soil (CT1), conventional tillage with burned residue (CT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc-harrow (RT1), reduced tillage with rotary tiller (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) and no tillage (NT). Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected to determine saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC), bulk density (BD), mean weight diameter (MWD), available water content (AWC) and total porosity at 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths. The highest HC values of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths were obtained with CT1 (9.70\u00d710 -6 m s -1 , 8.74\u00d710 -6 m s -1 ) and CT2 (9.39\u00d710 -6 m s -1 , 8.58\u00d710 -6 m s -1 ) applications. CT2 treatment destructed the soil aggregates and resulted in greater bulk density and low total porosity at 0-10 cm depth. The available water content at 0-10 cm depth was significantly reduced with the CT1 (P<0.01) and CT2 applications (P<0.05). Although three years of no-tillage application in clay rich soils caused higher bulk density and low porosity, increase in MWD is an indication of soil and water conservation. Therefore, no till and reduced till applications should be adapted to the farmers\u2019 conditions for sustainability in agriculture.", "keywords": ["Physical properties", "Conventional tillage", "Notillage", "Rotation", "Residue burning", "Hydraulic conductivity", "Porosity", "Tillage systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Celik, I., Turgut, M. M., Acir, N.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22069/ijpp.2012.760"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Plant%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "name": "item", "description": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22069/ijpp.2012.760"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-2021-259", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-20", "title": "Peat macropore networks \u2013 new insights into episodic and hotspot methane emission", "description": "

Abstract. Peatlands are important natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH4) emissions. The emissions are strongly influenced by the diffusion of oxygen into the soil and of CH4 from the soil to the atmosphere. This diffusion, in turn, is controlled by the structure of macropore networks. The characterization of peat pore structure and connectivity through complex network theory approaches can give insight into how the relationship between the microscale pore space properties and CH4 emissions on a macroscopic scale is shaped. The formation of anaerobic pockets, which are local hotspots of CH4 production in unsaturated peat, can also be conceptualized through a pore network approach. In this study, we extracted interconnecting macropore networks from three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography (\u00b5CT) images of peat samples and evaluated local and global connectivity metrics for the networks. We also simulated the water retention characteristics of the peat samples using a pore network modeling approach and compared the simulation results with measured water retention characteristics. The results showed large differences in peat macropore structure and pore network connectivity between vertical soil layers. The macropore space was more connected and the flow paths through the peat matrix were less tortuous near the soil surface than at deeper depths. In addition, macroporosity, structural anisotropy, and average pore throat diameter decreased with depth. Narrower and more winding air-filled diffusion channels may reduce the rate of CH4 transport as the distance from the peat layer to the soil\u2013air interface increases. Hysteresis was found to affect the evolution of the volume of connected air-filled pore space in unsaturated peat. Thus, the formation of anaerobic pockets may occur in a smaller soil volume and methanogenesis may be slower when the peat is wetting compared to drying conditions. This hysteretic behavior should be taken into account in biogeochemical models to explain the hotspots and episodic spikes of CH4 emissions. The network analysis also suggests that both local and global network connectivity metrics, such as the network average clustering coefficient and closeness centrality, might serve as proxies for assessing the efficiency of CH4 diffusion in air-filled pore networks. However, the applicability of the network metrics was restricted to the high-porosity near-surface layer. The spatial extent and global continuity of the pore network and the spatial distribution of the pores may be reflected in different network metrics in contrasting ways.

", "keywords": ["DYNAMICS", "RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY", "DRAINAGE", "01 natural sciences", "soil", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "Life", "QH501-531", "peatlands", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "PORE-SIZE", "FEN", "Ecology", "methane", "pore network", "HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "Forestry", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "TRANSPORT", "Environmental sciences", "SOIL", "13. Climate action", "NORTHERN PEATLANDS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/1959/2022/bg-19-1959-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-259"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-2021-259", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-2021-259", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-2021-259"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.17187559", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:23:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Gap-filled subset of the Peatland Mid-Infrared Database (1.0.0)", "description": "Introduction This is a gap-filled subset of the Peatland Mid-Infrared Database (1.0.0) (pmird database) stored in the rds format from the R programming language. Measurements for some peat properties were gap-filled using mid-infrared spectra (MIRS) prediction models described in Teickner and Knorr (2025) or calculated from element contents or bulk densities using auxiliary models. Format File irp_pmird_gap_filled.rds contains a list with the following elements: meta: A data frame with a row for each record (id_measurement) in the pmird database for which attributes were gap-filled and three columns: id_measurement, id_sample, id_measurement. Values of these columns identify unique records in the pmird database. The remaining elements are all data frames with a row for each row in meta and each column representing a peat property. yhat: A data frame with gap-filled values predicted from the MIRS prediction models. For the meaning of the variables, please see Teickner and Knorr (2025) and the documentation of the prediction models in the R packages irpeatmodels (Teickner 2025a) and irpeat (Teickner 2025b). yhat_auxilliary: A data frame with gap-filled values computed without MIRS prediction models. Gap-filled values are available for the following peat properties: C_to_N_3 (C/N), O_to_C_3 (O/C), H_to_C_3 (H/C), nosc_2 (nominal oxidation state of carbon, NOSC): Values are computed from element contents measured with elemental analyzers. dgf0_3 (standard Gibbs free enrgy of formation): Values are computed from element contents measured with elemental analyzers with auxiliary models as described in Teickner and Knorr (2025). volume_fraction_solids_1 (volume fraction of solids), non_macroporosity_1 (volume fraction of non-macropores), macroporosity_1 (volume fraction of macropores), saturated_hydraulic_conductivity_1 (saturated hydraulic conductivity), dry_thermal_conductivity_1 (dry thermal conductivity): Values are estimated with pedotransfer functions described in Teickner and Knorr (2025) from bulk density measurements. specific_heat_capacity_1 (specific heat capacity): Values are estimated with a pedotransfer function described in Teickner and Knorr (2025) from N content measurements. is_in_training_pd: A data frame with a logical value for each entry indicating whether the MIRS used for gap-filling of values in yhat is within the training prediction domain of the respective MIRS prediction model (TRUE) or not (FALSE). For the definition of training prediction domain, see Teickner and Knorr (2025). is_in_testing_pd: A data frame with a logical value for each entry indicating whether the MIRS used for gap-filling of values in yhat is within the testing prediction domain of the respective MIRS prediction model (TRUE) or not (FALSE). For the definition of training prediction domain, see Teickner and Knorr (2025). Usage notes To load the data within an R session, the following R packages need to be installed: tibble, posterior, and units. The rds file containing the data can be loaded as follows: d <- readRDS(file = file, refhook = (x) new.env()) Here, file is the path to the rds file. The columns in yhat and yhat_auxilliary are rvar objects from the posterior\u00a0package (https://mc-stan.org/posterior/articles/rvar.html). Data sources Data in the database were derived from the following sources: De la Cruz, Osborne, and Barlaz (2016), Hodgkins et al. (2018), Knierzinger et al. (2020), Knierzinger (2020), M\u00fcnchberger (2019), M\u00fcnchberger et al. (2019), Schuster et al. (2022), Drollinger, Kuzyakov, and Glatzel (2019), Drollinger et al. (2020), Agethen and Knorr (2018), Kendall (2020), L. I. Harris et al. (2023), L. Harris and Olefeldt (2023), Pelletier et al. (2017), Teickner, Gao, and Knorr (2021), Teickner, Gao, and Knorr (2022), Heffernan (2019), Heffernan et al. (2020), Broder et al. (2012), Anzenhofer (2014, unpublished), Mathijssen et al. (2019), Wagner (2013), H\u00f6mberg (2014), Berger et al. (2017), Berger et al. (2018), T. R. Moore et al. (2019), Diaconu et al. (2020), Ga\u0142ka, H\u00f6lzer, et al. (2022), Ga\u0142ka, Diaconu, et al. (2022), L. I. Harris et al. (2018), L. I. Harris et al. (2019), Boothroyd et al. (2021), Worrall (2021), Reuter et al. (2019b), Reuter et al. (2019a), Reuter et al. (2020), T. Moore et al. (2005), Turunen et al. (2004). Acknowledgements Development of this database was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) grant no. KN 929/23-1 to Klaus-Holger Knorr and grant no. PE 1632/18-1 to Edzer Pebesma. References Agethen, Svenja, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2018. \u201cJuncus Effusus Mono-Stands in Restored Cutover Peat Bogs \u2013 Analysis of Litter Quality, Controls of Anaerobic Decomposition, and the Risk of Secondary Carbon Loss.\u201d Soil Biology and Biochemistry 117: 139\u201352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.11.020. Anzenhofer, Regina. 2014, unpublished. \u201cBiogeochemical Characterization of Peat Profiles Along a Vegetation Gradient in an Ombrotrophic Bog, Patagonia.\u201d Master\u2019s thesis. Berger, Sina, Gerhard Gebauer, Christian Blodau, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2017. \u201cPeatlands in a Eutrophic World \u2013 Assessing the State of a Poor Fen-Bog Transition in Southern Ontario, Canada, After Long Term Nutrient Input and Altered Hydrological Conditions.\u201d Soil Biology and Biochemistry 114 (November): 131\u201344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.07.011. Berger, Sina, Leandra S. E. Praetzel, Marie Goebel, Christian Blodau, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2018. \u201cDifferential Response of Carbon Cycling to Long-Term Nutrient Input and Altered Hydrological Conditions in a Continental Canadian Peatland.\u201d Biogeosciences 15 (3): 885\u2013903. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-885-2018. Boothroyd, I. M., F. Worrall, C. S. Moody, G. D. Clay, G. D. Abbott, and R. Rose. 2021. \u201cSulfur Constraints on the Carbon Cycle of a Blanket Bog Peatland.\u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 126 (8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006435. Broder, T., C. Blodau, H. Biester, and K. H. Knorr. 2012. \u201cPeat Decomposition Records in Three Pristine Ombrotrophic Bogs in Southern Patagonia.\u201d Biogeosciences 9 (4): 1479\u201391. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1479-2012. De la Cruz, Florentino B., Jason Osborne, and Morton A. Barlaz. 2016. \u201cDetermination of Sources of Organic Matter in Solid Waste by Analysis of Phenolic Copper Oxide Oxidation Products of Lignin.\u201d Journal of Environmental Engineering 142 (2): 04015076. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001038. Diaconu, Andrei-Cosmin, Ioan Tan\u0163\u0103u, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Werner Borken, Angelica Feurdean, Andrei Panait, and Mariusz Ga\u0142ka. 2020. \u201cA Multi-Proxy Analysis of Hydroclimate Trends in an Ombrotrophic Bog over the Last Millennium in the Eastern Carpathians of Romania.\u201d Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 538 (January): 109390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109390. Drollinger, Simon, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Wolfgang Knierzinger, and Stephan Glatzel. 2020. \u201cPeat Decomposition Proxies of Alpine Bogs Along a Degradation Gradient.\u201d Geoderma 369 (June): 114331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114331. Drollinger, Simon, Yakov Kuzyakov, and Stephan Glatzel. 2019. \u201cEffects of Peat Decomposition on 13C and 15N Depth Profiles of Alpine Bogs.\u201d CATENA 178 (July): 1\u201310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.027. Ga\u0142ka, Mariusz, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Angelica Feurdean, Julie Loisel, Henning Teickner, Tanja Broder, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2022. \u201cRelations of Fire, Palaeohydrology, Vegetation Succession, and Carbon Accumulation, as Reconstructed from a Mountain Bog in the Harz Mountains (Germany) During the Last 6200 Years.\u201d Geoderma 424 (October): 115991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115991. Ga\u0142ka, Mariusz, Adam H\u00f6lzer, Angelica Feurdean, Julie Loisel, Henning Teickner, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Marta Szal, Tanja Broder, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2022. \u201cInsight into the Factors of Mountain Bog and Forest Development in the Schwarzwald Mts.: Implications for Ecological Restoration.\u201d Ecological Indicators 140 (July): 109039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109039. Harris, Lorna I., Tim R. Moore, Nigel T. Roulet, and Andrew J. Pinsonneault. 2018. \u201cLichens: A Limit to Peat Growth?\u201d Edited by John Lee. Journal of Ecology 106 (6): 2301\u201319. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12975. \u2014\u2014\u2014. 2019. \u201cData from: Lichens: A Limit to Peat Growth?\u201d Data. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.s136dc8. Harris, Lorna I., David Olefeldt, Nicolas Pelletier, Christian Blodau, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Julie Talbot, Liam Heffernan, and Merritt Turetsky. 2023. \u201cPermafrost Thaw Causes Large Carbon Loss in Boreal Peatlands While Changes to Peat Quality Are Limited.\u201d Global Change Biology, August, gcb.16894. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16894. Harris, Lorna, and David Olefeldt. 2023. \u201cPermafrost Thaw Causes Large Carbon Loss in Boreal Peatlands While Changes to Peat Quality Are Limited.\u201d Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.47D7WM3KK. Heffernan, Liam. 2019. \u201cPeat Carbon, \u03b4 14C, Macrofossil, and Humification Data from a Thawing Permafrost Peatland in Western Canada.\u201d UAL Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7939/DVN/MKM0ZE. Heffernan, Liam, Cristian Estop-Aragon\u00e9s, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Julie Talbot, and David Olefeldt. 2020. \u201cLong-Term Impacts of Permafrost Thaw on Carbon Storage in Peatlands: Deep Losses Offset by Surficial Accumulation.\u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 125 (3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005501. Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Curtis J. Richardson, Ren\u00e9 Dommain, Hongjun Wang, Paul H. Glaser, Brittany Verbeke, B. Rose Winkler, et al. 2018. \u201cTropical Peatland Carbon Storage Linked to Global Latitudinal Trends in Peat Recalcitrance.\u201d Nature Communications 9 (1): 3640. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06050-2. H\u00f6mberg, Annkathrin. 2014. \u201cGeochemische Charakterisierung von Mooren der Changbai Mountains.\u201d {Bachelor thesis}, M\u00fcnster: M\u00fcnster. Kendall, Rachel Anne. 2020. \u201cMicrobial and Substrate Decomposition Factors in Commercially Extracted Peatlands in Canada.\u201d Master\u2019s thesis, Montr\u00e9al: McGill University. Knierzinger, Wolfgang. 2020. \u201c(Bio)geochemical Data P\u00fcrgschachen Moor.\u201d Pangaea. Knierzinger, Wolfgang, Ruth Drescher-Schneider, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Simon Drollinger, Andreas Limbeck, Lukas Brunnbauer, Felix Horak, Daniela Festi, and Michael Wagreich. 2020. \u201cAnthropogenic and Climate Signals in Late-Holocene Peat Layers of an Ombrotrophic Bog in the Styrian Enns Valley (Austrian Alps).\u201d E&G Quaternary Science Journal 69 (2): 121\u201337. https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-121-2020. Mathijssen, Paul J. H., Mariusz Ga\u0142ka, Werner Borken, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2019. \u201cPlant Communities Control Long Term Carbon Accumulation and Biogeochemical Gradients in a Patagonian Bog.\u201d Science of The Total Environment 684 (September): 670\u201381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.310. Moore, Tim R., Klaus-Holger Knorr, Lauren Thompson, Cameron Roy, and Jill L. Bubier. 2019. \u201cThe Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on Peat in an Ombrotrophic Bog.\u201d Geoderma 343 (June): 176\u201386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.034. Moore, Tim, Christian Blodau, Jukka Turunen, Nigel T. Roulet, and Pierre J. H. Richard. 2005. \u201cPatterns of Nitrogen and Sulfur Accumulation and Retention in Ombrotrophic Bogs, Eastern Canada.\u201d Global Change Biology 11 (2): 356\u201367. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00882.x. M\u00fcnchberger, Wiebke. 2019. \u201cPast and Present Carbon Dynamics in Contrasting South Patagonian Bog Ecosystems.\u201d PhD thesis, M\u00fcnster: University M\u00fcnster. M\u00fcnchberger, Wiebke, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Christian Blodau, Ver\u00f3nica A. Pancotto, and Till Kleinebecker. 2019. \u201cZero to Moderate Methane Emissions in a Densely Rooted, Pristine Patagonian Bog \u2013 Biogeochemical Controls as Revealed from Isotopic Evidence.\u201d Biogeosciences 16 (2): 541\u201359. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-541-2019. Pelletier, Nicolas, Julie Talbot, David Olefeldt, Merritt Turetsky, Christian Blodau, Oliver Sonnentag, and William L Quinton. 2017. \u201cInfluence of Holocene Permafrost Aggradation and Thaw on the Paleoecology and Carbon Storage of a Peatland Complex in Northwestern Canada.\u201d The Holocene 27 (9): 1391\u20131405. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617693899. Reuter, Hendrik, Julia Gensel, Marcus Elvert, and Dominik Zak. 2019a. \u201cCuO Lignin, and Bulk Decomposition Data of a 75-Day Anoxic Phragmites Australis Litter Decomposition Experiment in Soil Substrates from Three Northeast German Wetlands.\u201d PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.902176. \u2014\u2014\u2014. 2019b. \u201cInfrared Spectra (FTIR) of Phragmites Australis Litter, Initial and After Anoxic Decomposition in Three Wetland Substrates.\u201d PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.902069. \u2014\u2014\u2014. 2020. \u201cEvidence for Preferential Protein Depolymerization in Wetland Soils in Response to External Nitrogen Availability Provided by a Novel FTIR Routine.\u201d Biogeosciences 17 (2): 499\u2013514. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-499-2020. Schuster, Wiebke, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Christian Blodau, Mariusz Ga\u0142ka, Werner Borken, Ver\u00f3nica A. Pancotto, and Till Kleinebecker. 2022. \u201cControl of Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation by Vegetation in Pristine Bogs of Southern Patagonia.\u201d Science of The Total Environment 810 (March): 151293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151293. Teickner, Henning. 2025a. \u201cirpeatmodels: Mid-infrared Prediction Models for Peat.\u201d \u2014\u2014\u2014. 2025b. \u201cpmird: R Interface to the Peatland Mid-Infrared Database.\u201d Teickner, Henning, Chuanyu Gao, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2021. \u201cReproducible Research Compendium with R Code and Data for: \u2019Electrochemical Properties of Peat Particulate Organic Matter on a Global Scale: Relation to Peat Chemistry and Degree of Decomposition\u2019.\u201d Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5792970. \u2014\u2014\u2014. 2022. \u201cElectrochemical Properties of Peat Particulate Organic Matter on a Global Scale: Relation to Peat Chemistry and Degree of Decomposition.\u201d Global Biogeochemical Cycles 36 (2): e2021GB007160. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GB007160. Teickner, Henning, and Klaus-Holger Knorr. 2025. \u201cPrediction of Peat Properties from Transmission Mid-Infrared Spectra in the Peatland Mid-Infrared Spectra Database.\u201d Turunen, Jukka, Nigel T. Roulet, Tim R. Moore, and Pierre J. H. Richard. 2004. \u201cNitrogen Deposition and Increased Carbon Accumulation in Ombrotrophic Peatlands in Eastern Canada: N Deposition and Peat Accumulation.\u201d Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18 (3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002154. Wagner, Sindy. 2013. \u201cAnalysis of Peat Decomposition, Element Distribution Patterns and Element Output of Two Peat Bogs in the Thuringian Forest.\u201d Master\u2019s thesis, University Bayreuth. Worrall, Fred. 2021. \u201cSulphur Constraints on the Carbon Cycle of a Blanket Bog Peatland [Dataset].\u201d Durham University. https://doi.org/10.15128/R2PK02C9794.", "keywords": ["nominal oxidation state of carbon", "bogs", "porosity", "element content", "peat", "Gibbs free enrgy of formation", "thermal conductivity", "specific heat capacity", "mid-infrared spectra", "pmird", "peatlands", "hydraulic conductivity"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Teickner, Henning, Knorr, Klaus-Holger,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17187559"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.17187559", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.17187559", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.17187559"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4541586", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:23:51Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SoilKsatDB: global compilation of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements for geoscience applications", "description": "Open AccessA total of 13,258 Ksat measurements from 1,908 sites were assembled from the published literature and other sources, standardized, and quality-checked in order to obtain a global database of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (SoilKsatDB). The SoilKsatDB covers most global regions, with the highest data density from North America, followed by Europe, Asia, South America, Africa, and Australia. In addition to Ksat, other soil variables such as soil texture (11,584 measurements), bulk density (11,262 measurements), soil organic carbon (9,787 measurements), field capacity (7,382) and wilting point (7,411) are also included in the data set. To cite this dataset please use: Gupta, S., Hengl, T., Lehmann, P., Bonetti, S., and Or, D.: SoilKsatDB: global soil saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements for geoscience applications, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-149, in review, 2021. Examples of using the SoilKsatDB to generate global maps of Ksat can be found in: Gupta, S., Hengl, T., Lehmann, P., Bonetti, S., Papritz, A. and Or, D. (2021): Global prediction of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity using random forest in a Covariate-based Geo Transfer Functions (CoGTF) framework. accepted for publication in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES). Importing and binding steps are described in detail here. To report an issue or bug please use this link. Ksat data tutorial explaining how to access and use data is available here. In the following, we introduce two different file packages, one for the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (\u201csol_ksat\u201d) and another one collecting additional soil hydraulic properties (\u201csol_hydro\u201d) as well that will be extended in the near future. Note that the package \u201csol_hydro\u201d is not related to the publication listed above (Gupta et al., 2021a). Description of the files: The datasets in this repository include: sol_ksat.pnts_horizons.***: provides a global compilation of Ksat values and the information described in Table 2 in Gupta et al., (2020). This data is provided in three different data formats. sol_ksat.pnts_horizons.arff, sol_ksat.pnts_horizons.csv.gz, sol_ksat.pnts_horizons.rds, sol_ksat.pnts_metadata_cl_pedo.csv: provides meta-information with Ksat methods and information of estimated soil pedologic unit and climatic region for each Ksat sample. sol_ksat.points_horizons_rm.rds: All ksat values overlaid on climatic, topographic, and vegetation based remote sensing data and extracted the corresponding values. These datasets can be used for spatial modeling for the future. In addition to Ksat points, add these files here as well for the reader that is interested in this topic. sol_hydro.pnts_horizons.***: provides water retention curve values and other soil hydraulic properties. This data is provided in three different data formats. sol_hydro.pnts_horizons.arff, sol_hydro.pnts_horizons.csv.gz, sol_hydro.pnts_horizons.rds, sol_hydro.pnts_horizons_rm.rds: All soil hydraulic values overlaid on climatic, topographic, and vegetation based remote sensing data and extracted the corresponding values. These datasets can be used for spatial modeling for the future. SoilKsatDB is available in CSV, ARFF and RDS formats. ARFF was prepared using the farff package for R. ARFF' (Attribute-Relation File Format) files are like 'CSV' files, with a little bit of added meta information in a header and standardized NA values. Column codes are based on the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) Soil Characterization Database naming convention (see 'README.pdf' for explanation of codes). The SoilKsatDB is a compilation of numerous existing datasets from which the most significant: SWIG data set (Rahmati et al., 2018), UNSODA (Leij et al., 1996), and HYBRAS (Ottoni et al., 2018). Full list of data sources for Ksat data is available in Gupta et al (2021) and in the Readme.pdf.", "keywords": ["Ecology", "Science Policy", "Information Systems not elsewhere classified", "Plant Biology", "hydrology", "clay", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "soil", "Sociology", "LandGIS", "OpenLandMap", "Genetics", "hydraulic conductivity", "Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Surya, Gupta, Hengl, Tomislav, Lehmann, Peter, Bonetti, Sara, Or, Dani,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541586"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4541586", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4541586", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4541586"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10138/342506", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-20", "title": "Peat macropore networks \u2013 new insights into episodic and hotspot methane emission", "description": "

Abstract. Peatlands are important natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH4) emissions. The emissions are strongly influenced by the diffusion of oxygen into the soil and of CH4 from the soil to the atmosphere. This diffusion, in turn, is controlled by the structure of macropore networks. The characterization of peat pore structure and connectivity through complex network theory approaches can give insight into how the relationship between the microscale pore space properties and CH4 emissions on a macroscopic scale is shaped. The formation of anaerobic pockets, which are local hotspots of CH4 production in unsaturated peat, can also be conceptualized through a pore network approach. In this study, we extracted interconnecting macropore networks from three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography (\u00b5CT) images of peat samples and evaluated local and global connectivity metrics for the networks. We also simulated the water retention characteristics of the peat samples using a pore network modeling approach and compared the simulation results with measured water retention characteristics. The results showed large differences in peat macropore structure and pore network connectivity between vertical soil layers. The macropore space was more connected and the flow paths through the peat matrix were less tortuous near the soil surface than at deeper depths. In addition, macroporosity, structural anisotropy, and average pore throat diameter decreased with depth. Narrower and more winding air-filled diffusion channels may reduce the rate of CH4 transport as the distance from the peat layer to the soil\u2013air interface increases. Hysteresis was found to affect the evolution of the volume of connected air-filled pore space in unsaturated peat. Thus, the formation of anaerobic pockets may occur in a smaller soil volume and methanogenesis may be slower when the peat is wetting compared to drying conditions. This hysteretic behavior should be taken into account in biogeochemical models to explain the hotspots and episodic spikes of CH4 emissions. The network analysis also suggests that both local and global network connectivity metrics, such as the network average clustering coefficient and closeness centrality, might serve as proxies for assessing the efficiency of CH4 diffusion in air-filled pore networks. However, the applicability of the network metrics was restricted to the high-porosity near-surface layer. The spatial extent and global continuity of the pore network and the spatial distribution of the pores may be reflected in different network metrics in contrasting ways.

", "keywords": ["DYNAMICS", "RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY", "DRAINAGE", "01 natural sciences", "soil", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "Life", "QH501-531", "peatlands", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "PORE-SIZE", "FEN", "Ecology", "methane", "pore network", "HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "Forestry", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "TRANSPORT", "Environmental sciences", "SOIL", "13. Climate action", "NORTHERN PEATLANDS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/1959/2022/bg-19-1959-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10138/342506"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10138/342506", "name": "item", "description": "10138/342506", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10138/342506"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/349689", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-06", "title": "Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review", "description": "Abstract

Plastic pollution in terrestrial environments is a global issue due to its adverse effects on soil health, with negative impacts on ecosystem services and food production. However, the enormous heterogeneity of both plastic and soil characteristics complicate the assessment of the impact and overall trends in plastic-induced changes in soil properties beyond experimental conditions. In this work, we have carried out a systematic and in-depth review of the existing literature on the impact of plastics on soil physical properties. To this end, we have quantified the effects of macro- (MaP, >5000 \uffce\uffbcm) and micro-plastics (MiP, <5000 \uffce\uffbcm) on soil bulk density, soil porosity, water-stable aggregates (WSAs), saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil moisture at field capacity (FC), based on four characteristics of plastics: polymer types, shapes and sizes of plastic particles, and plastic concentrations in soil. Results showed that MaPs and MiPs significantly modified the values of the analyzed soil physical properties compared to the control without plastic in over 50% of the experimental dataset, albeit with a large variability, from a reduction to an increase in values, depending on the specific experimental conditions and the soil physical property. Depending on the plastic concentration, soil bulk density and porosity decreased moderately (4%\uffe2\uff80\uff936%) with MiP and MaP. MiP reduced WSA by an average of 20%, ranging from a 40% decrease to a 20% increase depending on the shapes and concentration of MiP. Saturated hydraulic conductivity changed depending on the polymer types, shapes, and concentrations of MaP and MiP, varying from a 70% decrease to a 40% increase. Soil water content at FC varied depending on the soil texture, and concentration and sizes distribution of conventional MiP, decreasing from 10% to 65%. However, biodegradable plastic increased soil water content at FC. The few studies available provide evidence that not enough attention is being paid to soil physical properties influenced by plastic input. It is recommended to consider the wide range of characteristics of MaP and MiP and their effects on soil physical properties in future studies, for an advance understanding of the impact of MiP and MaP on soil health in the medium-long term under different environmental conditions.

Soil water retention (SWR) is an important soil property related to soil structure, texture, and organic matter (SOM), among other properties. Agricultural management practices affect some of these properties in an interdependent way. In this study, the impact of management-induced changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) on SWR is evaluated in five long-term experiments in Europe (running from 8 up to 54 years when samples were taken). Topsoil samples (0\u201315 cm) were collected and analysed to evaluate the effects of three different management categories, i.e., soil tillage, the addition of exogenous organic materials, the incorporation of crop residues affecting SOC and water content under a range of matric potentials. Changes in the total SOC up to 10 g C kg\u22121 soil (1%) observed for the different management practices, do not cause statistically significant differences in the SWR characteristics as expected. The direct impact of the SOC on SWR is consistent but negligible, whereas the indirect impact of SOC in the higher matric potentials, which are mainly affected by soil structure and aggregate composition, prevails. The different water content responses under the various matric potentials to SOC changes for each management group implies that one conservation measure alone has a limited effect on SWR and only a combination of several practices that lead to better soil structure, such as reduced soil disturbances combined with increased SOM inputs can lead to better water holding capacity of the soil.

", "keywords": ["no-till", "compost", "BULK-DENSITY", "Environmental Studies", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "SEQUESTRATION", "3301 Architecture", "TILLAGE SYSTEMS", "4104 Environmental management", "PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS", "FERTILIZATION", "soil care", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "soil organic carbon; soil-water content; no-till; reduced tillage; manure; compost; soil care", "soil-water content", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "S", "HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "reduced tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil organic carbon", "manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NO-TILLAGE", "RESIDUE MANAGEMENT", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "MATTER"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/12/1362/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3454795/1/land-10-01362-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/12/1362/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11577/3454795"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11577/3454795", "name": "item", "description": "11577/3454795", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11577/3454795"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2606201786", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:26:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-17", "title": "3D soil hydraulic database of Europe at 250\u00a0m resolution", "description": "Abstract

Soil hydraulic properties are required in various modelling schemes. We propose a consistent spatial soil hydraulic database at 7 soil depths up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m calculated for Europe based on SoilGrids250m and 1\uffc2\uffa0km datasets and pedotransfer functions trained on the European Hydropedological Data Inventory. Saturated water content, water content at field capacity and wilting point, saturated hydraulic conductivity and Mualem\uffe2\uff80\uff90van Genuchten parameters for the description of the moisture retention, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves have been predicted. The derived 3D soil hydraulic layers (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids ver1.0) can be used for environmental modelling purposes at catchment or continental scale in Europe. Currently, only EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids provides information on the most frequently required soil hydraulic properties with full European coverage up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth at 250\uffc2\uffa0m resolution.

Soil organic matter is a key resource base for agriculture. However, its content in cultivated soils is low and often decreases. This study aimed at examining the effects of long-term application of chicken manure (CM) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on organic matter accumulation, acidity, and hydraulic properties of soil. Two podzol soils with sandy texture in Podlasie Region (Poland) were enriched with recycled CM (10 Mg ha\u22121) and SMS (20 Mg ha\u22121), respectively, every 1\u20132 years for 20 years. The application of CM and SMS increased soil organic matter content at the depths of 0\u201320, 20\u201340, and 40\u201360 cm, especially at 0\u201320 cm (by 102\u2013201%). The initial soil pH increased in the CM- and SMS-amended soil by 1.7\u20132.0 units and 1.0\u20131.2 units, respectively. Soil bulk density at comparable depths increased and decreased following the addition of CM and SMS, respectively. The addition of CM increased field water capacity (at \u2013100 hPa) in the range from 45.8 to 117.8% depending on the depth within the 0\u201360 cm layer. In the case of the SMS addition, the value of the parameter was in the range of 42.4\u201348.5% at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. Depending on the depth, CM reduced the content of transmission pores (>50 \u00b5m) in the range from 46.3 to 82.3% and increased the level of residual pores (<0.5 \u00b5m) by 91.0\u2013198.6%. SMS increased the content of residual pores at the successive depths by 121.8, 251.0, and 30.3% and decreased or increased the content of transmission and storage pores. Additionally, it significantly reduced the saturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. The fitted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within the 0\u201340 cm layer increased and decreased in the CM- and SMS-amended soils, respectively. The results provide a novel insight into the application of recycled organic materials to sequester soil organic matter and improve crop productivity by increasing soil water retention capacity and decreasing acidity. This is of particular importance in the case of the studied low-productivity sandy acidic soils that have to be used in agriculture due to limited global land resources and rising food demand.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil pH", "organic amendments", "soil water retention", "soil organic matter", "coarse textured soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil hydraulic conductivity", "15. Life on land", "Article", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/4036/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/4036/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3185558436"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3185558436", "name": "item", "description": "3185558436", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3185558436"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8304810", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:29:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-19", "title": "Effects of Application of Recycled Chicken Manure and Spent Mushroom Substrate on Organic Matter, Acidity, and Hydraulic Properties of Sandy Soils", "description": "

Soil organic matter is a key resource base for agriculture. However, its content in cultivated soils is low and often decreases. This study aimed at examining the effects of long-term application of chicken manure (CM) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on organic matter accumulation, acidity, and hydraulic properties of soil. Two podzol soils with sandy texture in Podlasie Region (Poland) were enriched with recycled CM (10 Mg ha\u22121) and SMS (20 Mg ha\u22121), respectively, every 1\u20132 years for 20 years. The application of CM and SMS increased soil organic matter content at the depths of 0\u201320, 20\u201340, and 40\u201360 cm, especially at 0\u201320 cm (by 102\u2013201%). The initial soil pH increased in the CM- and SMS-amended soil by 1.7\u20132.0 units and 1.0\u20131.2 units, respectively. Soil bulk density at comparable depths increased and decreased following the addition of CM and SMS, respectively. The addition of CM increased field water capacity (at \u2013100 hPa) in the range from 45.8 to 117.8% depending on the depth within the 0\u201360 cm layer. In the case of the SMS addition, the value of the parameter was in the range of 42.4\u201348.5% at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. Depending on the depth, CM reduced the content of transmission pores (>50 \u00b5m) in the range from 46.3 to 82.3% and increased the level of residual pores (<0.5 \u00b5m) by 91.0\u2013198.6%. SMS increased the content of residual pores at the successive depths by 121.8, 251.0, and 30.3% and decreased or increased the content of transmission and storage pores. Additionally, it significantly reduced the saturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within 0\u201340 cm. The fitted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within the 0\u201340 cm layer increased and decreased in the CM- and SMS-amended soils, respectively. The results provide a novel insight into the application of recycled organic materials to sequester soil organic matter and improve crop productivity by increasing soil water retention capacity and decreasing acidity. This is of particular importance in the case of the studied low-productivity sandy acidic soils that have to be used in agriculture due to limited global land resources and rising food demand.

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