{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-14", "title": "Biochar Soil Amendment Increased Bacterial But Decreased Fungal Gene Abundance With Shifts In Community Structure In A Slightly Acid Rice Paddy From Southwest China", "description": "Abstract   Biochar\u2019s role on greenhouse gas emission and plant growth has been well addressed. However, there have been few studies on changes in soil microbial community and activities with biochar soil amendment (BSA) in croplands. In a field experiment, biochar was amended at rates of 0, 20 and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 (C0, C1 and C2, respectively) in May 2010 before rice transplantation in a rice paddy from Sichuan, China. Topsoil (0\u201315\u00a0cm) was collected from the rice paddy while rice harvest in late October 2011. Soil physico-chemical properties and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) as well as selected soil enzyme activities were determined. Based on 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene, bacterial and fungal community structure and abundance were characterized using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) combined with clone library analysis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative real-time PCR assay (qPCR). Contents of SOC and total N and soil pH were increased but bulk density decreased significantly. While no changes in MBC and MBN, gene copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA was shown significantly increased by 28% and 64% and that of fungal 18S rRNA significantly decreased by 35% and 46% under BSA at 20 and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 respectively over control. Moreover, there was a significant decrease by 70% in abundance of Methylophilaceae and of Hydrogenophilaceae with an increase by 45% in Anaerolineae abundance under BSA at 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 over control. Whereas, using sequencing DGGE bands of fungal 18S rRNA gene, some bands affiliated with Ascomycota and Glomeromycota were shown inhibited by BSA at rate of 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121. Significant increases in activities of dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatases while decreased \u03b2-glucosidase were also observed under BSA. The results here indicated a shift toward a bacterial dominated microbial community in the rice paddy with BSA.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.05.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-16", "title": "Response of alpine soils to nitrogen addition on the Tibetan Plateau: A meta-analysis", "description": "A meta-analysis approach was used to identify general tendency of alpine soil responses to nitrogen fertilizer on the Tibetan Plateau. Nitrogen addition increased ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3\u2212), but decreased pH. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), C:N ratio and pH differed among forests, alpine meadows and alpine steppes. Effects of nitrogen addition on NH4+, NO3\u2212, soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) differed between alpine meadows and forests. Effects of NH4NO3 addition on SOC, TN, C:N ratio, NH4+, NO3\u2212, MBC and pH differed with those of urea addition. The effect of nitrogen addition on pH was negatively correlated with mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Soil conditions in control plots were positively correlated with the effect of nitrogen addition on pH, but negatively correlated with the effect of nitrogen addition on TN. Nitrogen addition rate was correlated with the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on NO3\u2212 and pH. Nitrogen addition duration was positively correlated with the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on pH. Therefore, effects of nitrogen fertilizers on alpine soils varied with nitrogen fertilizer types; climatic warming and precipitation change regulated effects of nitrogen fertilizer on alpine soils; and response of alpine soils to nitrogen addition may depend on initial soil conditions, rate and duration of nitrogen addition on the Tibetan Plateau.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhenxi Shen, Gang Fu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-29", "title": "Neutral Effect Of Nitrogen Addition And Negative Effect Of Phosphorus Addition On Topsoil Extracellular Enzymatic Activities In An Alpine Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "Abstract   Soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are common limiting nutrients affecting plant primary productivity in alpine ecosystems due to the low decomposition rate, though anthropogenic activities have greatly increased their inputs into ecosystems. Little is known regarding the effects of increasing N and P availabilities on the functioning of belowground microbial communities. To determine how soil microorganisms respond to N and P addition, we measured plant primary productivity, soil microbial biomass, soil mineral N availability, soil respiration, and the activities of soil extracellular enzymes after two years of N- and P-addition in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. We observed no significant effect of N addition on plant biomass, soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, or the activities of soil extracellular enzymes. In contrast, P addition increased plant biomass but suppressed the activities of most labile-C-cycling enzymes at 0\u201310\u00a0cm of soil depth, although the effects on soil microbial biomass and soil respiration were minor. Moreover, there was no interaction between N and P addition on these variables. Overall, N addition does not appear to exert a significant effect on plant primary productivity and microbial activity, whereas P addition increases plant primary productivity and tends to suppress topsoil microbial activity after two years of nutrient application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.06.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-22", "title": "Mongolian Pine Plantations Enhance Soil Physico-Chemical Properties And Carbon And Nitrogen Capacities In Semi-Arid Degraded Sandy Land In China", "description": "Abstract   Horqin Sandy Land is a seriously desertified and an ecologically fragile region of China. Soil degradation and desertification in this region are the result of several decades of overgrazing, non-manure cropping with short fallow, and arbitrary land use and management. We investigated whether the afforestation of active sand dunes with Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) enhances the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storages and the overall soil quality. We compared soil physico-chemical properties, and C and N storages in the total and light fraction soil organic matter of active sand dunes, and of 25- and 35-year-old plantations. Soil water holding capacity, fine particle content and nutrients were significantly higher in plantations than in active sand dunes, with greater improvements occurring in the top 5\u00a0cm than in the 5\u201315\u00a0cm layer of the soil profile. Soil C and total N storages were 6.1 and 3.7 folds in 25-year-old, and 10.2 and 5.3 folds in 35-year-old plantations compared to active sand dunes, respectively. Carbon and N storages in the light fraction were 20.9 and 15.8 folds in 25-year-old, and 36.1 and 25.0 folds in 35-year-old plantations, respectively, relative to active sand dunes. The light fraction played an important role in soil C sequestration and its amount is an indicator of the effects of afforestation on C storage in sandy soil. The upper 15\u00a0cm of the soil profile in the 35-year-old plantations of Mongolian pine has the capacity to sequester significant amount of C in the region, potentially offsetting part of the carbon that has been lost due to desertification over the past century in the Horqin Sandy Land. Our results conclude that afforestation with Mongolian pine has had positive impacts on soil quality and has increased the capacity for soil C sequestration in semi-arid degraded areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-20", "title": "Effects Of Different Grassland Restoration Approaches On Soil Properties In The Southeastern Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China", "description": "In the semi-arid Horqin sandy grassland, continuous grazing has led to decreased ground cover. The bare land surface is then directly exposed to strong wind erosion, leading to desertification. Different restoration approaches have been used to recover these desertified sandy grasslands. This study compared soil properties subjected to different grassland restoration approaches, i.e., three restoration treatments and an unrestored control: FG, grassland enclosed by sheltering forest (Populus x beijingensis); MG, artificially sparse Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica grassland: UG, artificially sparse Ulmus pumila grassland; CK, desertified grassland. Soil samples were taken from depths of 0-20 cm, and physical (i.e., bulk density, particle size distribution, waterholding capacity, total porosity), chemical (i.e., pH, soil organic matter, total N, total P. total K, available N, available P. available K, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca2+. exchangeable Mg2+, exchangeable Na+, exchangeable K+), and biological (i.e., microbial biomass carbon, substrate richness index, Shannon's diversity index) properties were selected as soil indicators. The three different approaches to grassland restoration were confirmed to alleviate wind erosion and enhance sand surface stabilization, as well as improve soil physicochemical and biological properties, in comparison with unrestored control. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in two types of artificial sparsely forested grassland were significantly better than those in grassland enclosed by shelter forest: however, there was no significant difference between the two types of artificial sparsely forested grassland. These results suggest that an artificial sparsely forested grassland restoration approach may be more effective at restoring the poor and arid soils of desertified sandy grasslands, such as the Horqin sandy land. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-19", "title": "An Assessment Of The Soil Microbial Status After 17 Years Of Tillage And Mineral P Fertilization Management", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural practices, such as tillage and fertilization, are greatly involved in sustainable agricultural soils and their impacts on microbial community and activity must be fully clarified to better understand their roles in soil phosphorus (P) cycling. We assessed the effects of 17 years of different tillage systems and P fertilization on the development of soil microbial biomass, activity, and community structure. The study site was a long-term maize\u2013soybean rotation experiment established since 1992 in eastern Canada. Soil samples were collected at two depths (0\u201315\u00a0cm and 15\u201330\u00a0cm) in the fall of 2009 from soybean plots under moldboard plow (MP) and no till (NT) management and fertilized with 0, 17.5, and 35\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha\u22121. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMB-C), nitrogen (SMB-N) and P (SMB-P), two microbial activities (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and the microbial community structure based on phospholipid fatty acid profiles (PLFA) were determined. Results show all soil microbial variables were greater at 0\u201315\u00a0cm than at 15\u201330\u00a0cm under NT but not under MP. In the MP treatment, both enzymes activity and fungal biomass were significantly higher than NT at 15\u201330\u00a0cm. Principal component analysis of PLFA profiles shows that the structure of the microbial community was first separated by tillage, then by depth, and P fertilization had no significant effect. However, P fertilization significantly influenced SMB-C and SMB-P under NT. Greater SMB-P content was observed with the highest P fertilization applied at 0\u201315\u00a0cm, while opposite result were observed in SMB-P and SMB-C at 15\u201330\u00a0cm. We conclude that size, activity, and structure of the soil microbial community differed more because of tillage than P fertilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.07.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-17", "title": "Plant Material Addition Affects Soil Nitrous Oxide Production Differently Between Aerobic And Oxygen-Limited Conditions", "description": "Abstract   It is a common agricultural practice for crop residues to be plowed into the soil or left on the soil surface. Soil addition of crop residues can considerably modify soil microbial activity and net N mineralization, and in general such modifications are negatively related to the C:N ratios of crop residues. Yet, little is known on the impacts of crop residues of different C:N ratios on soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production under different aeration conditions via nitrification and denitrification. In this study, an 84-day laboratory incubation was conducted under aerobic and O 2 -limited conditions and soil N 2 O production was measured every 3 days after the addition of plant materials with a wide range of C:N ratios from 14 to 297. Two aerobic conditions were created by adjusting the water content of soil at a bulk density of 1.1\u00a0g\u00a0cm \u22123  to 30% water-filled pore space (WFPS) and 60% WFPS, and two O 2 -limited conditions were made by 90% WFPS and fluctuation between 90% and 30% WFPS. Each fluctuation cycle lasted 9 days and soil water content was readjusted to 90% WFPS at the end of each cycle. We also measured microbial respiration activity and net N mineralization periodically (i.e., 3, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days) during the incubation and microbial biomass C at the end of incubation. At aerobic conditions, soil amendments of plant materials, regardless of their C:N ratios, all enhanced soil N 2 O production. However, net N mineralization was dependent on plant material C:N ratios, being significantly higher or lower than the control for C:N ratios \u223c15 and C:N ratios \u226544, respectively. Such inconsistent responses indicated that nitrifiers mediating nitrification and therefore byproduct N 2 O production could strongly compete with heterotrophic microbes for NH 4  +  and therefore net N mineralization was not a good predictor for nitrification-associated N 2 O production. Interestingly, plant material additions reduced soil N 2 O production by up to \u223c95% at O 2 -limited conditions, perhaps due to NO 3  \u2212  limitation. Soil NO 3  \u2212  production via nitrification could be low at O 2 -limited conditions, and soil NO 3  \u2212  availability could be further reduced due to increases in microbial biomass and thus microbial N assimilation after plant material additions. This NO 3  \u2212  limitation might enhance N 2 O reduction to N 2 , by which denitrifiers could harvest more energy from the consumption of limited NO 3  \u2212 . Nonetheless, our results revealed contrasting differences in N 2 O production between aerobic and O 2 -limited conditions following soil amendments of plant materials.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-05", "title": "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: A Gradient Of Environmental Restoration", "description": "Abstract   Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are of great importance for the successful regeneration of degraded natural areas. The objective of this study was to examine how the time of environmental recuperation is affecting the occurrence and diversity of AMF species in riparian areas belonging to the Atlantic Forest biome in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study involved a native forest area (NT) and a gradient of environmental restoration: five (R05), ten (R10), and twenty (R20) years after reforestation. Soil samples were collected in the rainy (January) and dry season (June). Chemical, physical and microbiological analyses were performed including the amount of glomalin and quantification of AMF spores. The frequency of occurrence of genera and ecological indices, as richness (R), Shannon's diversity (H) and Simpson's dominance index (Is) were calculated. The largest spore number was found in R05 and the highest richness and diversity indices of AMF species in NT. Considering the two sampling periods and the four areas studied, we found 22 AMF species, and the genera Glomus and Acaulospora were the most frequent. A Canonical Discriminant Analysis showed that Glomus viscosum, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Acaulospora mellea and Scutellospora heterogama were the species that contributed the most to distinguishing the areas. Moisture, density and glomalin were positively correlated with the number of spores, however, soil nitrate showed a negative correlation. This work gives a better understanding of the interactions between AMF and forest soils and allows to know the distribution of AMF species according to environmental recovery time.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso, Joice Andrade Bonfim, Sidney Luiz St\u00fcrmer, Rafael Leandro de Figueiredo Vasconcellos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-06", "title": "Effects Of Wastewater Sludge, Urea And Charcoal On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Pots Planted With Wheat", "description": "Abstract   Agriculture is an important source of greenhouse gases (GHG), mostly carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). Application of charcoal to agricultural soils is known to reduce GHG emissions while application of fertilizer or wastewater sludge increases them. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effect of charcoal application on GHG emissions from soil planted with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and amended with wastewater sludge or urea, or left unamended. Wheat fertilized with urea or wastewater sludge, at a rate of 150\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121, was cultivated in soil amended with or without 2% (w/w) charcoal, a biochar used mostly for heating, in a greenhouse. Emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O, soil characteristics and plant development were monitored. Charcoal had no significant effect on the emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O in wastewater sludge or urea-amended soil. The wheat development and yields, and soil pH and electrolytic conductivity were also not affected by charcoal application. It was found that charcoal did not affect the emissions of the monitored GHG, wheat or soil characteristics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-31", "title": "Fate Of Chinese-Fir Litter During Decomposition As A Result Of Inorganic N Additions", "description": "Abstract   We conducted a controlled experiment to evaluate Chinese-fir litter decomposition and its response to the addition of inorganic N. Litter-derived CO 2 , microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were monitored during an 87-d incubation of a mixed soil\u2013litter substrate using the  13 C tracer technique. Litter C was mostly converted to CO 2  (47.4% of original mass), followed by MBC (3.6%), and DOC (1.0%), with 48% remaining unaltered in the soil. The litter decomposition rate significantly increased with the addition of inorganic N, although the effect depended on whether N was added as NH 4  +  or NO 3  \u2212 . Soil-derived CO 2 , MBC, and DOC also increased following the combined addition of litter and N. The results showed that only a small percentage of litter C was retained as MBC or DOC and that the conversion rate depended, in part, on the form of inorganic N added to the Chinese-fir plantation soil.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "3. Good health"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Silong Wang, Weidong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-22", "title": "The Positive Relationship Between Soil Quality And Crop Production: A Case Study On The Effect Of Farm Compost Application", "description": "Abstract   In order to ensure sustainable agriculture, and for evaluating the effects of management practices on soil processes, tools for assessing soil quality are required. The development and use of a multiparameter index, which includes a wide range of soil properties, have been tested and found useful by several studies. However, soil quality measurements are \u2018stand-alone\u2019 tools unless they are either linked to important soil functions, used to characterize (agro)ecosystems or used to predict sustainability or productivity. In our study, the relationship between crop production and soil quality was assessed in a six year old field experiment studying the effect of farm compost (FC) amendment in a crop rotation of potato, fodder beet, forage maize and Brussels sprouts. To justify the hypothesis that repeated FC amendment results in both improved soil quality and consequently higher crop yields, a wide range of chemical, biological and physical soil properties were measured and integrated into a soil quality index (SQI). Next, crop yields were used as a functional goal to verify the causal relationship between SQI and crop production. Our results showed that there were significant changes in chemical, physical and biological soil quality as a result of repeated FC amendment. This was evidenced for example by a remarkable increase in both soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N content. Microbial biomass, the relative amount of bacterivorous nematodes and earthworm number were significantly increased as well and, together with SOC and total N, indicated as the dominant factors in assessing soil quality. The integration of these key indicators into the SQI revealed higher SQI values when FC was applied. In addition, crop yields were increased in all FC treated plots by which SOC was pointed out as the most important indicator influencing crop production. Finally, a causal relationship was observed between soil quality and the yield of potato and fodder beet. We conclude that our SQI may be a promising and useful tool to compare different (soil) management practices in relation to a strategic, regional goal, e.g., sustainable high yields. Before generalizing, we recommend a thorough validation of our SQI in other long-term field experiments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-19", "title": "Short Rotation Forestry - Earthworm Interactions: A Field Based Mesocosm Experiment", "description": "Short rotation forestry (SRF) which consists of planting rapidly growing native and non-native tree species has been introduced to the UK to increase woody biomass production. A largely unknown aspect of SRF species is their interaction with soil fauna, of which the earthworm community is a major component. Earthworms have a pronounced impact on litter decomposition, nutrient cycling and tree growth. Conversely, tree litter and root chemistry can impact on the associated earthworm community development. The aim of this study was to determine direct interactions between SRF species and earthworms. A field-based mesocosm experiment was conducted using Betula pendula (birch) and Eucalyptus nitens (eucalyptus) with two earthworm species Lumbricus terrestris and Allolobophora chlorotica. The one year experiment revealed that native birch and non-native eucalyptus had a similar influence on L. terrestris population development. However, birch had a positive impact on A. chlorotica population establishment compared with eucalyptus. In the presence of earthworms, total tree biomass and leaf nitrogen concentration of eucalyptus were increased respectively by 25% and 27% compared with an earthworm-free control. In the presence of earthworms, surface litter incorporation was greater for both tree species (almost 5 times for birch and 3 times for eucalyptus) compared with controls. This work showed direct SRF-earthworm interactions which differed for tree species.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-23", "title": "Identifying Indicators Of C And N Cycling In A Clayey Ultisol Under Different Tillage And Uses In Winter", "description": "Abstract   Although tropical and subtropical environments permit two cropping cycles per year, maintaining adequate mulching on the soil surface remains a challenge. In some cases, leaving soils fallow during the winter as an agricultural practice to control pathogens contributes to reduce soil mulching. The aim of this study was to assess attributes associated with C and N cycling in a soil under conventional and no-tillage management, with contrasting uses in winter: black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb) as cover crop or fallow. No-tillage increased total C and N, irrespective the winter crop. Cropping black oats under no-tillage resulted in more microbial biomass C and N, and glutaminase activity (15.2%, 65.2%, and 24%, respectively) than no-tillage under fallow. Under conventional tillage, winter cropping did not affect the attributes under study. Available P was higher in the no-tillage system (9.2\u201312.3\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121), especially when cropped with black oats, than in the conventional tillage system (4.8\u20136.6\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121). A multivariate analysis showed strong relationships between soil microbiological and chemical attributes in the no-tillage system, especially when cropped with black oats. Soil pH, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities were the most effective at separating the soil use in winter. Microbial N, total N, microbial to total N ratio, available P, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and glutaminase activity were more effective at separating soil management regimes. The no-tillage system in association with winter oat cropping stimulated the soil microbial community, carbon and nutrient cycling, thereby helping to improve the sustainability of the cropping system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-08", "title": "Experimental Nitrogen Deposition Alters The Quantity And Quality Of Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon In An Alpine Meadow On The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving biogeochemical processes in soils, but little information is available on the relation of soil DOM dynamics to microbial activity. The effects of NO3- and NH4+ deposition in grasslands on the amount and composition of soil DOM also remain largely unclear. In this study, a multi-form, low-dose N addition experiment was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in 2007. Three N fertilizers, NH4Cl, (NH4)(2)SO4 and KNO3, were applied at four rates: 0, 10, 20 and 40 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1). Soil samples from surface (0-10 cm) and subsurface layers (10-20 cm) were collected in 2011. Excitation/emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) was used to assess the composition and stability of soil DOM. Community-level physiological profile (CLAP, basing on the BIOLOG Ecoplate technique) was measured to evaluate the relationship between soil DOC dynamics and microbial utilization of C resources. Nitrogen (N) dose rather than N form significantly increased soil DOC contents in surface layer by 23.5%-35.1%, whereas it significantly decreased soil DOC contents in subsurface layer by 10.4%-23.8%. Continuous five-year N addition significantly increased the labile components and decreased recalcitrant components of soil DOM in surface layer, while an opposite pattern was observed in subsurface layer; however, the humification indices (HIX) of soil DOM was unaltered by various N treatments. Furthermore, N addition changed the amount and biodegradability of soil DOM through stimulating microbial metabolic activity and preferentially utilizing organic acids. These results suggest that microbial metabolic processes dominate the dynamics of soil DOC, and increasing atmospheric N deposition could be adverse to the accumulation of soil organic carbon pool in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-01", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics As Affected By Long-Term Contrasting Cropping Systems And Tillages Under Semiarid Mediterranean Climate", "description": "Abstract   In a dryland Mediterranean agrosystem (Sicily, Italy) a comparative study was carried out among two crop systems (wheat/wheat and wheat/bean) after 19 years under three most used tillage managements (conventional, dual layer and no-tillage), in order to ascertain the effects of those experimental factors, single and combined, on various soil organic C pools (total and extractable organic C, microbial biomass C, basal respiration). Field CO 2  fluxes from soil, throughout a year, were also determined. Moreover, C input and output were assessed, as well as microbial and metabolic quotients. Tillage management more than cropping system affected the soil organic C stored in the first 15\u00a0cm of soil. After 19 years, no-tillage caused a 3.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  increase of C content in wheat/faba rotation while of 5.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  in wheat monoculture. The higher soil total organic C content in wheat monoculture was ascribed to a lower quality of residues supplied (higher both C/N ratio and acid detergent fibre (ADF) content). Moreover, wheat/bean rotation increased soil microbial biomass C, basal respiration and microbial quotient, thus suggesting that crop rotation more than tillage management was the driving factor in improving soil biochemical indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.09.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-30", "title": "Microplate-Scale Fluorometric Soil Enzyme Assays As Tools To Assess Soil Quality In A Long-Term Agricultural Field Experiment", "description": "Abstract   We investigated the potential of microplate-scale fluorometric soil enzyme assays to differentiate plots under contrasting long-term organic and mineral N fertilization regimens to determine the relevance of this analytical approach to soil quality related studies.  Enzymes involved in the breakdown of cellulose and hemicellulose showed maximum activities in plots amended with manure. Conversely, the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of starch and phosphate esters peaked under mineral N fertilization. Linear regression analysis indicated close associations between enzyme activities and other fundamental soil properties related to soil quality, and principal component analysis separated the soil samples according to their responses to organic and mineral N fertilization. We conclude that microplate-scale fluorimetry is a fast throughput tool for the measurement of multiple soil enzyme activities as soil quality indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil enzyme activities", " Microplate-scale fluorimetry", " 4-Methylumbelliferone", " Soil quality", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-03", "title": "Snow Removal Alters Soil Microbial Biomass And Enzyme Activity In A Tibetan Alpine Forest", "description": "Projected future decreases in snow cover associated with global warming in alpine ecosystems could affect soil biochemical cycling. To address the objectives how an altered snow removal could affect soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling and pools, plastic film coverage and returning of melt snow water were applied to simulate the absence of snow cover in a Tibetan alpine forest of western China. Soil temperature and moisture, nutrient availability, microbial biomass and enzyme activity were measured at different periods (before snow cover, early snow cover, deep snow cover, snow cover melting and early growing season) over the entire 2009/2010 winter. Snow removal increased the daily variation of soil temperature, frequency of freeze\u2013thaw cycle, soil frost depth, and advanced the dates of soil freezing and melting, and the peak release of inorganic N. Snow removal significantly decreased soil gravimetric water, ammonium and inorganic N, and activity of soil invertase and urease, but increased soil nitrate, dissolve organic C (DOC) and N (DON), and soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN). Our results suggest that a decreased snow cover associated with global warming may advance the timing of soil freezing and thawing as well as the peak of releases of nutrients, leading to an enhanced nutrient leaching before plant become active. These results demonstrate that an absence of snow cover under global warming scenarios will alter soil microbial activities and hence element biogeochemical cycling in alpine forest ecosystems.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.11.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-23", "title": "Multistate Assessment Of Wetland Restoration On Co2 And N2o Emissions And Soil Bacterial Communities", "description": "Over the last 200 years, wetlands have been converted to other land uses leading to the loss of approximately 53% of wetlands in the continental United States. In the late 1980's, policies were instated to mitigate further wetland loss through wetland creation and restoration. Restored wetlands provide important ecosystem services, such as filtration of nutrients and wildlife habitat. However, these benefits could be offset by increased greenhouse gas production. We assessed the impact of wetland conversion to agriculture and restoration on CO2 and N2O emissions and microbial communities in three land use types: wetlands with native vegetation (natural); wetlands converted to agricultural management (converted); and restored wetlands (restored). Soil properties varied among land use types. Most notably, soils from restored and converted sites had the lowest C and N, and higher pH. Multivariate analysis of soil properties showed the pocosin wetlands in North Carolina separating from all other locations, regardless of land use. Soil bacterial communities showed a similar trend with communities from North Carolina soils separating from the others with no significant effect of land use or season. Furthermore, land use did not have a significant effect on CO2 or N2O emissions, although there was significant temporal variation in CO2 emissions. These findings indicate that while wetland conversion and restoration may alter some soil properties, these alterations do not appear to be great enough to override the underlying geographic and edaphic influences on soil bacterial communities. Furthermore, wetland restoration did not lead to increased N2O emission at the dates sampled.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-08", "title": "Design Of Riparian Buffer Strips Affects Soil Quality Parameters", "description": "Abstract   Vegetated buffer strips alongside watercourses are commonly used to counteract diffuse pollution from agricultural activities. If properly designed, they can provide multiple environmental benefits by increasing wildlife habitats and biodiversity. Little attention has been paid to the effects of buffer strips on soil quality. This study was conducted to determine the impact of different buffer designs on soil biochemical parameters and to define relevant quality parameters for soil monitoring. We compared four buffer arrangements: 3\u00a0m wide grass buffer; 3\u00a0m grass with one tree row; 6\u00a0m grass with one tree row; 6\u00a0m grass with two tree rows; plus two controls: an adjacent maize crop field and a plot without buffer. Buffers were established 13 years ago at the Padua University Experimental Farm in the Po Valley, north-east Italy. Studied parameters included soil organic matter composition and soil microbial and enzymatic assays. As expected, control plots showed the lowest values for all the studied parameters. Among buffer designs, 3\u00a0m grass and 3\u00a0m grass with 1 tree row buffers gave the highest values. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the increase of soil organic carbon content distinguished buffers from controls, whereas soil humic carbon quality parameters such as humic compounds apparent molecular weight, together with acetyl esterase (fluorescein test) enzyme activity, were discriminatory in separating buffer designs. These results are an important contribution to the knowledge base and can help to improve the management of these systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic matter; buffer strip; Microbial biomass; Humic substances", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-04", "title": "Soil Microbial Community And Microbial Residues Respond Positively To Minimum Tillage Under Organic Farming In Southern Germany", "description": "In a field trial comprising organic farming and minimum tillage management strategies in Scheyern, Germany, we evaluated the long-term (21-year) effects of organic farming (use of a diverse crop rotation with legume cover crop and without application of synthetic fertilizer or pesticides) and minimum tillage (6\u20138 cm depth) on the microbial community structure and microbial residues in Cambisols. Organic farming had a positive effect on microbial biomass, total phospho-lipid fatty acids (PLFA), Gram (+) bacteria, Gram (-) bacteria and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) indicator PLFA 16:1v5 and amino sugars. The increase in presence of Gram (+) bacteria when compared to integrated farming was also reflected by increased content of bacterial muramic acid (MurN), i.e. an increased formation of bacterial residues. Minimum tillage significantly increased microbial biomass N and the fungal PLFA 18:2v6,9, averaging the values of upper (0\u20138 cm) and deeper (12\u201325 cm) soil, but had no effects on PLFA 16:1v5.  Minimum tillage generally resulted in a negative depth gradient of almost all microbial properties analyzed. The only important exception was fungal galactosamine (GlcN), which led to increases in the fungal C/bacterial C ratio and in the contribution of microbial residue C to SOC in the deeper soil. Significant second order tillage management interactions indicated that minimum tillage effects on microbial biomass and PLFA indices (Gram (+) and (i15:0 + i17:0)/(a15:0 + a17:0)) were much stronger in the organic farming system than in the integrated farming system. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed SOC and H2O content predominantly affected the microbial community structure in the present study.  Minimum tillage in combination with organic farming appears to be an effective agricultural strategy that enhances soil microbial biomass, microbial residues and bacterial and fungal abundances. The results indicate that the positive effects of minimum tillage on microbial community can be enhanced by organic farming. Microbial residues as a fraction of SOC respond faster to farming management than to tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop husbandry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-16", "title": "Response Of The Soil Fungal Community To Multi-Factor Environmental Changes In A Temperate Forest", "description": "Both environmental and climatic changes are known to influence soil microbial biomes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, there are limited data defining the interactive effects of multi-factor environmental disturbances, including N-deposition, precipitation, and air temperature, on soil fungal communities in temperate forests. A 3-year outdoor pot experiment was conducted to examine the temporal shifts of soil fungal communities in a temperate forest following N-addition, precipitation and air temperature changes. The shifts in the structure and composition of soil fungal communities were characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. N-addition regimen induced significant alterations in the composition of soil fungal communities, and this effect was different at both higher and lower altitudes. The response of the soil fungal community to N-addition was much stronger in precipitation-reduced soils compared to soils experiencing enhanced precipitation. The combined treatment of N-addition and reduced precipitation caused more pronounced changes in the lower altitude versus those in the higher one. Certain fungal species in the subphylum Pezizomycotina and Saccharomycotina distinctively responded to N fertilization and soil water control at both altitudes. Redundancy discrimination analysis showed that changes in environmental factors and soil physicochemical properties explained 43.7% of the total variability in the soil fungal community at this forest ecosystem. Variations in the soil fungal community were significantly related to the altitude, soil temperature, total soil N content (TN) and pH value (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05). We present evidence for the interactive effects of N-addition, water manipulation and air temperature to reshape soil fungal communities in the temperate forest. Our data could provide new insights into predicting the response of soil micro-ecosystem to climatic changes.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Miao Wang, Fei Lin, Shuai Shi, Ping Jiang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-02", "title": "Soil Carbon Quality And Nitrogen Fertilization Structure Bacterial Communities With Predictable Responses Of Major Bacterial Phyla", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural practices affect the soil ecosystem in multiple ways and the soil microbial communities represent an integrated and dynamic measure of soil status. Our aim was to test whether the soil bacterial community and the relative abundance of major bacterial phyla responded predictably to long-term organic amendments representing different carbon qualities (peat and straw) in combination with nitrogen fertilization levels and if certain bacterial groups were indicative of specific treatments. We hypothesized that the long-term treatments had created distinctly different ecological niches for soil bacteria, suitable for either fast-growing copiotrophic bacteria, or slow-growing oligotrophic bacteria. Based on terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S rRNA genes from the total soil bacterial community and taxa-specific quantitative real-time PCR of seven different groups, all treatments significantly affected the community structure, but nitrogen fertilization was the most important driver for changes in the relative abundances of the studied taxa. According to an indicator species analysis, the changes were largely explained by the decline in the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia with nitrogen fertilization. Conditions more favourable for copiotrophic life strategies were indicated in these plots by the decreased metabolic quotient, i.e. the ratio between basal respiration rate and soil biomass. Apart from the Alphaproteobacteria that were significantly associated with peat, no taxa were indicative of organic amendment in general. However, several significant indicators of both peat and straw were identified among the terminal restriction fragments suggesting that changes induced by the organic amendments were mainly manifested at a lower taxonomical level. Our findings strengthen the proposition that certain higher bacterial taxa adapt in an ecologically coherent way in response to changes induced by fertilization.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Biological indicators", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Nitrogen fertilization", "Soil status", "Long-term experiment", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Microbial community", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic amendment", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-10-31", "title": "Simulated Acid Rain Changed The Proportion Of Heterotrophic Respiration In Soil Respiration In A Subtropical Secondary Forest", "description": "Acid rain is a matter of concern in southern China. We explored how soil respiration (Rs) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) rates changed when subjected to simulated acid rain (SAR) environment for 3 years (from March 2010 to February 2013) in a secondary forest in subtropical China. The field experiment was arranged in a split-plot design, with 4 main blocks. Each block was split into un-trenched (Rs) and trenched (Rh) treatments. Four SAR treatments of CK (control, deionized water), A1 (pH 4.0), A2 (pH 3.0), and A3 (pH 2.0) were randomly assigned in each of the Rs and Rh treatments. Soil CO2 fluxes as well as soil temperature and moisture at a depth of 5\u00a0cm were measured weekly. Different SAR treatments exhibited similar seasonal patterns of Rs and Rh. Mean annual Rs rates in CK, A1, A2, and A3 plots were 878.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0100.8, 919.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a033.1, 865.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a062.5, and 925.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a020.5\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121, respectively, over 3 years; SAR had no significant effects on Rs. Rh, however, was significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) affected by the lowest SAR pH level (A3). On overage of 3 years, annual Rh rates in CK, A1, A2 and A3 plots were 606.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a052.4, 663.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a035.5, 728.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a060.7, and 760.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a042.2\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that SAR significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) increased the proportion of Rh in Rs. The relationship between residual Rs (or Rh) based on soil temperature and observed Rs (or Rh) and soil moisture could be well fitted in a quadratic model.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-24", "title": "Land-Use Intensification And Agroforestry In The Kenyan Highland: Impacts On Soil Microbial Community Composition And Functional Capacity", "description": "This study investigates microbial communities in soil from  sites under different land use in Kenya.  We sampled natural forest, forest plantations, agricultural  fields of agroforestry farms,agricultural fields  with traditional farming and eroded soil on the slopes of Mount Elgon,Kenya. We hypothesised that microbial decomposition capacity, biomass and diversity 1)decreases with intensified cultivation; and 2)can be restored by soil and land management in agroforestry.  Functional capacity of soil microbial communities was estimated by degradation of 31 substrates on Biolog EcoPlates\u2122. Microbial community composition and biomass were  characterised by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA)and microbial  C and N analyses. All 31 substrates were metabolised in  all studied soil types, i.e. functional diversity did not differ. However,both the substrate utilisation rates and the microbial biomass decreased with intensification of land use, and the biomass was positively correlated with organic matter content. Multivariate analysis of PLFA and Biolog EcoPlate\u2122 data showed clear differences 25  between land uses, also indicated by different relative abundance of PLFA markers for certain microorganism groups.  In conclusion, our results show that vegetation and land use control the substrate utilisation capacity and microbial community composition and that functional capacity of depleted soils can be restored by active soil management, e.g. forest plantation. However, although 20 to 30 years of agroforestry farming practises did result in  improved soil microbiological and chemical conditions  of agricultural soil as compared to traditional agricultural  fields, the change was not statistically significant.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Microbiology (Microbiology in the medical area to be 30109)", "13. Climate action", "Forest Science", "Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agricultural Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/11472/7/lagerlof_j_etal_140901.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-17", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Community Composition In Response To Fertilization Of Paddy Soils In Subtropical China", "description": "Repeated fertilizer applications to cultivated soils may alter the composition and activities of microbial communities in terrestrial agro-ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the effects of different long term fertilization practices (control (CK), three levels of mineral fertilizer (N1P1K1, N2P2K2, and N3P3K3), and organic manure (OM)) on soil environmental variables and microbial communities by using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers analysis in subtropical China. Study showed that OM treatment led to increases in soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents, while the mineral fertilizer treatment led to increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content. Changes in soil microbial communities (eg. bacteria, actinomycetes) were more noticeable in soils subjected to organic manure applications than in the control soils or those treated with mineral fertilizer applications. Fungal PLFA biomarkers responded differently from the other PLFA groups, the numerical values of fungal PLFA biomarkers were similar for all the OM and mineral fertilizer treatments. PCA analysis showed that the relative abundance of most PLFA biomarkers increased in response to OM treatment, and that increased application rates of the mineral fertilizer changed the composition of one small fungal PLFA biomarker group (namely 18:3\u03c96c and 16:1\u03c95c). Further, from the range of soil environmental factors that we examined, SOC, TN and TP were the key determinants affecting soil microbial community. Our results suggest that organic manure should be recommended to improve soil microbial activity in subtropical agricultural ecosystems, while increasing mineral fertilizer applications alone will not increase microbial growth in paddy soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-29", "title": "A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Alpine ecosystems at high altitudes and latitudes are notably sensitive to climatic warming and the Tibetan Plateau is a widely distributed alpine ecosystem. The magnitude of climatic warming on the Tibetan Plateau is expected to be considerably greater than the global average. However, a synthesis of the experimental warming soil carbon and nitrogen data is still lacking and whether forest soils are more sensitive to warming than grassland soils remains unclear. In this study, we used a meta-analysis approach to synthesise 196 observations from 25 published studies on the Tibetan Plateau. Warming significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by 14.3% (95% CI: 2.9-24.6%), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) by 20.1% (95% CI: 2.0-45.1%), net nitrogen mineralization by 49.2% (95% CI: 38.1-62.3%) and net nitrification by 56.0% (95% CI: 51.4-66.1%), but did not significantly affect soil carbon (95% CI: -13.9 to 2.7%) or nitrogen (95% CI: -12.4 to 2.6%). The mean annual air temperature was negatively correlated with the warming effects on MBC and MBN. Grasslands exhibited significant MBC and MBN responses to warming. Specifically, soil microbial biomass was more responsive to warming in colder environments. Moreover, forest soils are not always more sensitive to warming than grassland soils as previous studies have suggested. These findings indicate that clarifying the effect of warming on alpine soils need consider ecosystem types and their local climate. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhenxi Shen, Xianzhou Zhang, Gang Fu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-16", "title": "The Effects Of Fresh And Stabilized Pruning Wastes On The Biomass, Structure And Activity Of The Soil Microbial Community In A Semiarid Climate", "description": "Abstract   The incorporation of organic amendments from pruning waste into soil may help to mitigate soil degradation and to improve soil fertility in semiarid ecosystems. However, the effects of pruning wastes on the biomass, structure and activity of the soil microbial community are not fully known. In this study, we evaluate the response of the microbial community of a semiarid soil to fresh and composted vegetal wastes that were added as organic amendments at different doses (150 and 300\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121) five years ago. The effects on the soil microbial community were evaluated through a suite of different chemical, microbiological and biochemical indicators, including enzyme activities, community-level physiological profiles (CLPPs) and phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Our results evidenced a long-term legacy of the added materials in terms of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity. For instance, cellulase activity reached 633\u00a0\u03bcg and 283\u00a0\u03bcg glucose\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0h\u22121 in the soils amended with fresh and composted waste, respectively. Similarly, bacterial biomass reached 116\u00a0nmol\u00a0g\u22121 in the soil treated with a high dose of fresh waste, while it reached just 66\u00a0nmol\u00a0g\u22121 in the soil amended with a high dose of composted waste. Organic amendments produced a long-term increase in microbiological activity and a change in the structure of the microbial community, which was largely dependent on the stabilization level of the pruning waste but not on the applied dose. Ultimately, the addition of fresh pruning waste was more effective than the application of composted waste for improving the microbiological soil quality in semiarid soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-10", "title": "Soil Microbial And Nutrient Properties In The Rhizosphere Of Coffee Under Agroforestry Management", "description": "Abstract   The integration of shade trees in coffee production can positively contribute to increased yields in these cropping systems. However, little work has examined nutrient-microbial dynamics in the rhizosphere of coffee under shade trees. In this study, we compared nutrient concentrations and nitrifier populations in rhizosphere soil of coffee under shade and in monoculture as well as in rhizosphere versus bulk soils. Our study was performed in a low altitude, wet coffee zone of Costa Rica, at a 12-year-old agroforestry experimental farm with coffee (Coffea arabica) grown under full sun and under the commonly used dinitrogen (N2) fixing shade tree, Erythrina poeppigiana. Rhizosphere and bulk soils were collected and analyzed for inorganic N, available P, exchangeable base cations and pH status. Real-time PCR was used to determine the relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). We show a nutrient increase (11\u2013158%), particularly nitrates, in the rhizosphere soil compared to bulk soil of coffee. Moreover, this accumulation was greater in the rhizosphere of coffee associated with E. poeppigiana than under monoculture. AOB abundance was strongly related to soil pH (r\u00a0=\u00a00.83; P\u00a0=\u00a00.002) across both treatments, while AOB abundance varied with soil ammonium:nitrate ratios (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.82; P\u00a0=\u00a00.0420) exclusively under monoculture coffee. Our study, for the first time to our knowledge, illustrates soil nutrient differences and nutrient\u2013microbial relationships under coffee in monoculture and in a N2-fixing shade tree system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "E. de M. Virginio Filho, J.W. Munroe, Gabriela Soto, Marney E. Isaac, Roberta R. Fulthorpe,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-24", "title": "Alder Trees Enhance Crop Productivity And Soil Microbial Biomass In Tea Plantations", "description": "Monoculture farming systems lead to soils depleted of nutrients and diminished microbial functional diversity, disrupting processes crucial to maintaining soil health. The planting of trees in these monoculture systems is one way to improve soil nutrition and biodiversity. Therefore, the objective was how planting the N-fixing tree Alnus nepalensis (7 years old), into monoculture tea (Camellia sinensis var., assamica) plantations (32 years old), influences the soil fungal and bacterial communities, and how this impacts on tea productivity. Soil samples (0-15, 15-30, 30-60 cm depths) were collected from plantations of monoculture tea and tea interplanted with A. nepalensis trees. The samples were analyzed for basic soil properties and nutrients. Phospholipid fatty-acid analyses were conducted on the soil samples to determine the microbial functional groups and biomass of bacterial and fungal communities. Biomass of soil fungi and bacteria were 41% and 10% higher in the tea + A. nepalensis sites than in the tea monoculture sites, respectively. These higher levels were recorded despite there being no changes in the diversity of the soil fungi and bacteria, or the soil nutrition, between the different sites. Tea productivity increased between 52% and 72%, and is attributed to the increases in the soil community biomass. Ectomycorrhizal biomass, as well as Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and actinomycetes bacterial biomass, all increased ranging from 10% to 83%. These groups of organisms have been shown to contain plant growth promoting characteristics, contributing toward increased crop productivity. We provide clear evidence that A. nepalensis in tea plantations promotes the growth and development of the soil microbial communities and that this impacts on above ground productivity. This study highlights the benefits of introducing N-fixing tree species, such as A. nepalensis, into monoculture systems, and how this relates to soil health and harvest yield. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-29", "title": "Soil Microbial Community Structure And Function Are Significantly Affected By Long-Term Organic And Mineral Fertilization Regimes In The North China Plain", "description": "Abstract   An improved understanding of the complex interactions and relationships in the soil ecosystem is essential to predict the impact of farming practices on soil quality and its capacity for agricultural production. This study aims to improve our understanding of the impacts of fertilization strategy on key indicators of soil biological and chemical quality. We studied soils from a winter wheat-summer maize rotational experiment in the North China Plain with six different fertility treatments: no amendments (CK); standard mineral fertilizer treatment (SMF) or standard organic manure treatment (SMA) reflecting local farmer practice; mixed treatment with fertilizer and manure at half the rates for the SMF and SMA treatments (1/2 SMF\u00a0+\u00a01/2 SMA); double mineral fertilizer treatment (DMF); and double organic manure treatment (DMA). Soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), total P (TP), pH, and dissolved organic C (DOC) and N (DON) and microbial biomass C (Cmic) and N (Nmic) were determined using standard methods. Soil bacterial community structure was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and activities for 10 extracellular enzymes (EEAs) were measured as indicators of soil function. Repeated application of either organic manure or mineral fertilizer increased SOC, TN, TP, DOC, DON, Cmic and Nmic, and decreased soil pH. Higher rates of organic manure fertilization significantly affected soil chemical properties compared to the lower rate. Soil bacterial community structure was significantly altered by the long-term fertilization regimes and diversity was significantly higher in the double manure rate treatment relative to mineral fertilizer. The higher urease, \u03b1-glycosidase,  N -acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase,  l -leucine aminopeptidase (involved in N cycling), \u03b2-glucosidase, \u03b2-xylosidase and \u03b2-cellobiosidase (involved in C cycling), and alkaline phosphatase (involved in P cycling) activities for organic manure fertilized soils reflected a higher nutrient cycling capacity compared to mineral fertilized and control plots. Soil bacterial community diversities increased with Cmic and variations in EEAs were strongly correlated with soil DOC availability. Our study has demonstrated that a long-term fertilization strategy can be used to improve soil quality. Clearly, the use of organic fertilizers where available, is a win\u2013win strategy for maintaining soil quality and crop productivity, while ensuring the delivery of soil ecosystem services into the future.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-07", "title": "Maize Biochar Addition Rate Influences Soil Enzyme Activity And Microbial Community Composition In A Fluvo-Aquic Soil", "description": "Abstract   Biochar addition to soil has been proposed as a strategy to enhance soil quality and crop productivity, which may also affect microbial activity. However, the response of soil enzymes and microbial community composition to biochar addition and the main factors that drive their consequent behavior have rarely been studied. Therefore, to investigate the combined effect of different amounts of biochar (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0% by mass) and urea application on soil nutrients, enzymatic activities and microbial community in a fluvo-aquic soil, we conducted a 90-day laboratory study. Increased maize biochar addition led to significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, and exchangeable K and reduced soil exchangeable Ca. Soil total N and exchangeable Ca were dominant factors affecting soil enzyme activities. Activities of soil extracellular enzymes involved in C and S cycling (except \u03b2-xylosidase) suggested lower amounts of biochar addition (0.5% by mass) could increase soil enzyme activities, while higher amounts of biochar addition reduce soil enzyme activities. However, the activities of  l -leucine aminopeptidase and urease, both of which are involved in N cycling, increased with the increase of biochar addition rate. Total phospholipid fatty acid content and the relative abundance of bacteria were significantly reduced with increasing biochar addition rate. The relative abundance of fungi in the urea-amended soil was significantly higher than that in the other treated soils, and abundance of actinomycetes did not show a clear response to biochar addition. The changes in the microbial community composition were mainly related to SOC and total N contents, with a significant negative correlation. We concluded that the effect of biochar addition on soil enzymes and microbial community composition was highly variable. There is an urgent need to further estimate both the positive and negative long-term effects of biochar on the soil quality and crop productivity in this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-12-28", "title": "Swine Manure And Quicklime Have Different Impacts On Chemical Properties And Composition Of Bacterial Communities Of An Acidic Soil", "description": "Abstract   Red soil is a kind of Ferralic Cambisol. Good hydrothermal resources but usually acidic and low base saturation make it very easy to be acidified under unreasonable fertilizer managements in agricultural area. In 1990, a series of fertilizer applications were established on a homogeneous field to investigate the soil fertility changes under different fertilizations in Hunan province, among them, long-term chemical nitrogen fertilization (NPK) induced severe soil acidification, whereas long-term chemical plus swine manure fertilization (NPKM) exhibited an overwhelming advantage in terms of nutrient concentration and bacterial diversity. In 2010, to investigate the effect of short-term quicklime and swine manure applications on the acid red soil, a remediation experiment was established on the NPK treatment. Quicklime (CaO) and swine manure (the same as the swine manure in NPKM) applications on NPK soil had different effects on remediating the soil acidification: short-term quicklime application (NPK\u00a0+\u00a0Ca) increased soil pH and bacterial diversity more rapidly, whereas short-term swine manure application (NPK\u00a0+\u00a0M) improved soil nutrient concentration more effectively. Alteration of environmental conditions caused significant changes of bacterial community: oligotrophic groups were in greater relative abundances with quicklime treatment, whereas copiotrophic groups were in greater relative abundances with swine manure treatment. This study provides insights into the two major remediation approaches for an acidic red soil; these insights are important for soil remediating and improving fertility. Taken together, we recommended short-term quicklime application to increase the soil pH quickly and long-term swine manure fertilization to improve soil fertility.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Weibing Xun, Dongchu Li, Ruifu Zhang, Qiang Li, Ting Huang, Wu Xiong, Wei Ran, Qirong Shen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-25", "title": "Distribution Of Soil Nutrients, Extracellular Enzyme Activities And Microbial Communities Across Particle-Size Fractions In A Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment", "description": "Abstract   Soils were particle-size fractionated to evaluate changes in carbon and nitrogen contents, enzyme activities and microbial community composition in response to 33 years of fertilization. This study focused on yellow\u2013brown paddy soil and the particle-size fractions of >2000, 2000\u2013200, 200\u201363, 63\u20132 and 2\u20130.1\u00a0\u03bcm. Microplate fluorometric assays and phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) were used to determine soil biological characteristics under no fertilizer (control, CK), fertilizer N (N), fertilizer N and P (NP), fertilizer N, P and K (NPK), organic manure plus fertilizer N, P and K (NPKM) and organic manure (M) treatments. The results showed that fertilizer and soil fraction individually and interactively ( P\u00a0  N -acetyl-glucosaminidase and \u03b2-xylosidase in the 2000\u2013200\u00a0\u03bcm fraction were highest under NPK treatment. PLFA analysis showed that the >63\u00a0\u03bcm fraction contained higher abundance of total PLFAs than that in the 63\u20130.1\u00a0\u03bcm fraction. Organic treatments significantly enhanced total PLFAs abundance in >2000\u00a0\u03bcm fraction, but decreased PLFAs abundance in the 2000\u2013200\u00a0\u03bcm fraction compared with the NPK treatment. Larger fractions (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm and 2000\u2013200\u00a0\u03bcm) held relatively lower G+:G\u2212 ratios and higher fungi:bacteria ratios, which indicated better soil conditions in these fractions. Principal component analysis showed a smaller variability of microbial community composition among treatments than particle-size fractions. Most treatments of larger fractions (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm and 2000\u20132\u00a0\u03bcm) were well separated from the other fractions. Redundancy analysis showed total N, C:N ratio, phosphatase, sulfatase,  N -acetyl-glucosaminidase and \u03b2-cellobiosidase activities significantly affected the composition of the microbial community. Significant correlations were also obtained between enzyme activities with SOC, total N and C:N ratio. We concluded that the long-term application of organic fertilizers contributed to improvements in the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen and most of the enzyme activities, especially for the 200\u201363\u00a0\u03bcm fraction, along with abundant and diverse microbial community composition in larger particles.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Guoqing Liang, Qian Zhang, Xiubin Wang, Wei Zhou, Ping He, Jingwen Sun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-07", "title": "Impact Of Grazing Abandonment On Plant And Soil Microbial Communities In An Atlantic Mountain Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Livestock grazing is a global land-use activity with multiple social, cultural, and environmental impacts. However, it is expected to decrease progressively in the Cantabrian Mountain areas as notable changes in livestock management systems have been observed, such as shorter stay in mountain, lower stocking rates, and less shepherd control. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grazing abandonment on microbial function and diversity through changes promoted in aboveground vegetation and soil properties. In 2005, we erected permanent fences around two 50\u00a0\u00d7\u00a050-m plots (excluded plots) in a temperate mountain grassland that has historically supported livestock managed by an extensive grazing system. A grazed plot was defined around each excluded plot. After 5 years, grazing abandonment induced shifts in floristic composition, decreased soil compaction at 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil depth, and reduced soil temperature in the summer due to a thicker plant layer. Consequently, microorganisms reduced soil enzymatic activity and microbial biomass, and increased CO 2  emissions and metabolic quotient, which indicated a lower metabolic efficiency of soil processes in excluded plots. These results suggest that soil microbial community function was very sensitive to the impacts of livestock grazing exclusion. The bacterial community was more diverse compared to the fungal community, but no significant difference in bacterial species richness was found between excluded and grazed plots. Microbial genetic diversity was not directly correlated with aboveground vegetation diversity and no clear pattern emerged as a response to grazing abandonment, probably because soil microbial diversity depends on site attributes that operate at a very fine spatial scale.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.08.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.10.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-10", "title": "Effects Of Biochar And Compost Amendments On Soil Physico-Chemical Properties And The Total Community Within A Temperate Agricultural Soil", "description": "The use of biochar and compost as soil amendments and their comparative effects on microbial activities and related processes were investigated in an apple orchard site at Mountain River in Tasmania, Australia. Biochar derived from Acacia green waste was applied at a rate of 47\u00a0ton\u00a0ha\u22121 just before planting and has been in situ for 3.5 years. Compost produced by the Luebke system was also applied separately at 10\u00a0ton\u00a0ha\u22121 as a top dressing one week after planting. Chemical analysis indicated that there was no significant impact on total ions by either biochar or compost additions. However, organic carbon was significantly increased (p\u00a0=\u00a00.009) by 23% for biochar and 55% for compost treatments. Soil pH decreased in both biochar and compost treatments. Microbial abundance was improved after the addition of biochar, but the effect of compost addition was greater. There were no significant differences across a panel of enzyme activities among treatments. There were slight increases in alkaline phosphatase while fluorescein diacetate activity and hydrolysis activity slightly decreased. The entire community of the soil was assessed using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes amplicon pyrosequencing. Significant differences in bacterial and fungal but not archaeal or other eukaryota community components were observed. These results indicated that biochar and compost carbon amendments can subtly affect the community structure of the orchard soils despite active application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The overall effects on fundamental activity is largely neutral, however, likely due to the enormous structural resilience and functional redundancy present.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.10.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.10.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.10.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.10.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-28", "title": "Effects Of Organic\u2013Inorganic Compound Fertilizer With Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Application On Crop Yields, Soil Biological Activity And Bacterial Community Structure In A Rice\u2013Wheat Cropping System", "description": "Abstract   The development of more stable and sustainable agroecosystems for improving food production has caused wide public concern in recent years. In the present study, we conducted a field experiment to investigate the effect of pig manure organic\u2013inorganic compound fertilizer with reduced chemical fertilizer on the crop yields, soil physicochemical properties, biological activities and bacterial community structure in a rice\u2013wheat cropping system over two crop seasons (rice and wheat). The results showed that at all sampling times, this fertilizer regime enhanced the soil nutrient availability, microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, and soil nitrogen processes and, to some extent, promoted crop yields. Across all soil samples, bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi at the phylum level. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on the weighted UniFrac distance revealed that the bacterial community structures were strongly separated by the sampling time, and the treatments in the wheat harvest soils. A Venn diagram of shared OTUs showed a core microbiome across different treatments and sampling times, in which the relative abundance of each abundant phylum (class) was stable in the different treatments and at different sampling times. Specifically, the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Nitrospirae, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria was largely and particularly enriched under the organic\u2013inorganic compound fertilizer regime, indicating that soil functions, such as nitrification and the turnover of organic matter, might be strengthened under this treatment. Collectively, these results indicate that the application of organic\u2013inorganic compound fertilizer may reduce chemical fertilizer use and improve the long-term productivity and sustainability of agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-29", "title": "Warming And Nitrogen Deposition Are Interactive In Shaping Surface Soil Microbial Communities Near The Alpine Timberline Zone On The Eastern Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau, Southwestern China", "description": "Abstract   Changes to global climate patterns have the potential to alter the structure of soil microbial communities which are key components of terrestrial ecosystems. High altitude ecosystems are both temperature and Nitrogen-limited and the biota therein is sensitive to these conditions. Temperatures and nitrogen (N) depositions in the eastern Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau are predicted to sharp rise by the end of this century. This study aimed to better understand the effects of warming and N addition treatments alone and in combination on an alpine meadow ecosystem near the timberline zone in the eastern region of the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau. The field experiment included replicated plots with an ambient treatment alone or with low N (5\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0a \u22121 ), intermediate N (15\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0a \u22121 ), and high N (30\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0a \u22121 ) (Control, LN, MN, HN) and open top chambers warming treatment alone, or LN and HN additions (W, WLN, WHN) to study the interactive effects of the warming and N additions on the soil microbial community as determined by phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Microbial communities and their allied soil and plant properties were examined after 3 years of the treatments. The strength of the relationship between the treatments and their direct and indirect effects on the microbial communities, soil and plant properties were determined using a structural equation model (SEqM). The results indicated that N addition significantly changed surface soil microbial communities, in particular, decreased the fungi: bacteria ratio (F:B) ( p  p  p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-27", "title": "Effect Of Poultry Litter Biochar On Soil Enzymatic Activity, Ecotoxicity And Plant Growth", "description": "Abstract   Diversity of technological conditions and of raw materials from which biochar is produced is the reason why its soil application may have a varied effect on chemical and biological properties of soil and soil ecotoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of poultry litter (5.00\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121) and biochar obtained from this material in doses of 2.25\u00a0t and 5\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121 on soil enzymatic activity, soil ecotoxicity and grass crop yield (pasture grass mix). The research was carried out under field conditions. No significant effect of biochar amendment on soil enzymatic activity was observed. The biochar-amended soil was low-toxic to Vibrio fischeri and non-toxic to Heterocypris incongruens. Application of poultry litter biochar in doses of 2.25\u00a0t and 5\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121 contributed to an increase in plant biomass production by 32% and 30%, respectively compared to the control (C). Biochar had more adverse effect on soil enzymatic activity and grass crop yield than non-converted poultry litter, but it significantly reduced soil toxicity to H. incongruens and V. fischeri.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-26", "title": "Biochar And Manure Effluent Effects On Soil Biochemical Properties Under Corn Production", "description": "Abstract   Biochar (BC), an aromatic carbon (C) rich compound has been used to sequester C in terrestrial ecosystems. Biochar has also been shown to improve soil fertility and crop productivity when applied to soil. Biochemical properties of soil are sensitive parameters that indicate the change in soil processes that result from soil management practices. Major knowledge gaps exist on the long term effects of biochar addition in cropped field soils. Therefore, a field experiment (3 yrs) was conducted on a Warden silt loam soil to investigate the changes in soil biochemical properties following three years of corn (Zea mays L.) production with applications of biochar (BC), fertilizer (NPK) or dairy manure (DE). The NPK or DE treatments were applied annually, while BC was applied only the first year. Organic carbon (TOC), total organic nitrogen (TON), TOC to TON ratio (CNR), soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), Metabolic quotient (MQ), potential mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis activity (FDA), acid phophatase activity (ACP), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), \u03b2-glucosidase activity, urease activity (URA), and soil pH were evaluated at 0\u201315 and 15\u201330\u00a0cm depths after the 3rd year of corn production. A soil quality index equation was also developed with linear scoring functions. NPK or DE with BC application increased soil pH, TOC, MBC, FDA, CN ratio, ALP and URA while decreased MQ and ACP activity. Biochar had little effect on N dynamics in the soil. Application of biochar to both NPK and DE treatments improved the soil quality index as compared to that without biochar.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.07.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-17", "title": "Opposing Effects Of Nitrogen And Water Addition On Soil Bacterial And Fungal Communities In The Inner Mongolia Steppe: A Field Experiment", "description": "Grasslands are important ecosystems and make up 40% of the terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. The Inner Mongolia steppe is the main grassland region of China, and nitrogen (N) and water availability are two important factors that limit the productivity of these grasslands. We tested how N and water addition influence the composition of the microbial community in the soil using PLFA, and soil physical and chemical properties in two semiarid grassland sites in Inner Mongolia during two consecutive years. In both sites, a split-plot design was employed with two water treatments (natural precipitation, stimulated wet year precipitation) and three N treatments (0 kg N ha\u22121, 25 kg N ha\u22121, 50 kg N ha\u22121). Water addition greatly increased soil fungi and decreased bacteria while N had opposite effects. Water addition resulted in a significant increase in soil pH and electric conductivity. N addition did not lead to consistent changes in soil characteristics. Multivariate analysis showed that PLFA composition varied between all treatments but was mainly influenced by water addition. This study provides insight into how climatic changes such as alternations in rainfall and N deposition shape the soil microbial communities in Inner Mongolia steppes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Steppe", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "international", "PLFA", "Soil microbial community", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Irrigation", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-11", "title": "Contrasting Response Of Summer Soil Respiration And Enzyme Activities To Long-Term Warming And Drought In A Wet Shrubland (Ne Wales, Uk)", "description": "Open Access5 p\u00e1ginas.-- 2 figuras.-- 2 tablas.-- 39 referencias", "keywords": ["Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "phenol-oxidase", "soil C", "Calluna vulgaris", "N [Microbial C]", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil C", "6. Clean water", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "\u03b2-glucosidase", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microbial C:N", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "microbial C:N", "Phenol-oxidase"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-09", "title": "Pyrosequencing Analysis Of Bacterial Community Diversity In Long-Term Fertilized Paddy Field Soil", "description": "Abstract   Analysis of soil bacterial community and its diversity in conditions of intensive fertilization using high-throughput sequencing in paddy field soil has to date, not been extensive. Using 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the current study investigated how bacterial succession changed under seven different fertilizer regimes (NP, NK, PK, NPK, compost, NPK\u00a0+\u00a0compost and unfertilized) in a 45-year old paddy field trial. Of the selected treatment variables the application of compost best enhanced soil fertility. Unexpectedly, long-term fertilization had no significant effects on soil microbial structure in paddy soils. The bacterial communities were dominated by  Proteobacteria  and  Chloroflexi .  Actinobacteria  and  Firmicutes  were substantially abundant in the compost and NPK\u00a0+\u00a0compost treatments. Our findings highlight the fact that organic fertilizer amendment activates diverse groups of Gram-positive microorganisms when compared to conventionally used chemical fertilizers. Abundance of  Rhizobiales  that directly influences rice growth through symbiosis or indirectly through nutrient cycling, and  Methylococcales  that combat greenhouse gas (methane) emissions, were high in treatments that received compost, in comparison to inorganic fertilizer amended and unfertilized treatments. Consequently, the application of long-term organic fertilizer has a reasonable and beneficial impact on the bacterial community inhabiting the soil, and can lead to a good crop yield.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-07", "title": "Associative Interplay Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Qs40) With Nitrogen Fertilizers Improves Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Productivity And Fertility Of Aridisol", "description": "Abstract   The environmental and economic impacts of chemical fertilizer have encouraged farmers to integrate them with organic materials, an important nutrient management strategy for sustainable agriculture production. In the present study, we conducted field experiments to study the effects of nitrogen enriched compost (NEC) and mineral nitrogen (MN) fertilizer with a selected plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  QS40, on productivity of sunflower and soil fertility. The results demonstrated that integrated application of PGPR with organic-inorganic N significantly increased shoot and root length, leaf area, total chlorophyll, head diameter, fresh biomass, straw-achene yield and N uptake in sunflower compared to unamended control and PGPR alone. The results also showed that integrated N biofertilizer regime enhanced soil microbial biomass, enzymatic activities and soil nitrogen contents. We also observed significant changes in rhizosphere soil pH, abundance of cultivable bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) root colonization. Treatment and year interaction was significant for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) only. These results suggest that the efficiency of PGPR could be improved with increased availability of labile C substrate resource in NEC amended aridisol. We conclude that the application of NEC fertilizer with efficient PGPR biofertilizer may improve sunflower productivity and soil chemical and biological fertility in nutrient-poor agroecosystems of arid and semi-arid regions.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "N Enriched compost", " Biofertilizer", " Arid soil", " Oil seed crops", " Rhizosphere", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.08.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-08", "title": "Impacts Of Conversion From Secondary Forests To Larch Plantations On The Structure And Function Of Microbial Communities", "description": "Abstract   In response to increasing timber demands, extensive areas of secondary forests have been converted to larch (Larix gmelinii) plantations in northeast China. It has been reported that the conversions have led to reduction in soil organic matter and nutrient availability. Soil microbes play crucial roles in nutrient cycling. However, the effects of forest conversion on soil microbes are not yet well understood in temperate forest ecosystems. In this study, the structure and function of bacterial and fungal communities were compared between larch plantations and adjacent secondary forests relative to surface litter and two soil layers (0\u201310\u00a0cm and 10\u201320\u00a0cm) using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We found that the impacts of the forest conversion on soil microbes mainly occurred in the top (0\u201310\u00a0cm) soil layer. Soils in secondary forests were associated with a higher proportion of copiotrophic bacteria (Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria). In contrast, larch plantation soil was enriched with Acidobacteria, which are oligotrophs that appear to be well suited to acidic conditions. These differences in soil bacterial communities confirm that the forest conversion resulted in soil acidification and a large decline in available soil nutrient in larch plantations. Furthermore, the results of bacterial functional genes, inferred by PICRUSt, and the results of extracellular enzyme assays indicate that fungi likely dominated soil organic carbon decomposition in forest soils. Sordariomycetes was the most abundant fungal class in soils of secondary forests. The abundance of Sordariomycetes fungi was related to higher levels of almost all enzymes measured, except for cellobiohydrolase and \u03b2-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosamidase. These two enzymes were positively associated with Agaricomycetes fungi in soils of secondary forests. The fungal community in the soils of larch plantations was dominated by the class Agaricomycetes, which was positively associated with activities of both hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes. These results indicate that fungal classes, Sordariomycetes and Agaricomycetes, are most likely responsible for the decomposition of soil organic matter in secondary forests, while Agaricomycetes fungi might be more important in controlling decomposition in larch plantations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Weiwei Zhang, Jiaojun Zhu, Kai Yang, Zhitang Lu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-02-15", "title": "Degradation Of Miscanthus \u00d7 Giganteus Biochar, Hydrochar And Feedstock Under The Influence Of Disturbance Events", "description": "Abstract   Little is known about the degradation and environmental impacts of carbon (C) amendments such as hydrochar and biochar in soil under the influence of disturbance events such as wetting, freeze-thaw cycles, manual stirring, and glucose additions. Thus, we assessed the degradation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Miscanthus x giganteus biochar (from pyrolysis), hydrochar (from steam and water hydrothermal carbonization, HTCs and HTCw), the uncarbonized feedstock material in a sandy and a loamy soil, compared to a control, with four replicates per treatment. The C amendments were mixed with soil at a rate of \u223c20\u00a0t/ha wt% and incubated at 30\u00a0\u00b0C over the period of 441\u00a0days. Over the whole incubation period, the soil mixtures were exposed consecutively to different disturbance events, with the intention to simulate a worst-case scenario for C degradation and GHG emissions. The degradation kinetics were quantified by source partitioning of the headspace 13C-CO2 and the application of an isotope two-component mixing model. Additionally, microbial biomass and composition were quantified and characterized at the end of the experimental period by chloroform fumigation extraction and phospholipid fatty acid analysis. The molecular composition and structural properties of the C amendments obtained by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy proved to be suitable indicators for the CO2 emissions which mostly followed the sequence feedstock\u00a0>\u00a0HTCs\u00a0>\u00a0HTCw\u00a0>\u00a0biochar over the experimental duration. The addition of glucose triggered a short-lived, temporary co-mineralization of the otherwise recalcitrant materials HTCw and biochar. Among all C amendments, biochar proved most recalcitrant against decomposition and disturbance in both soils with a calculated recovery rate of 95\u201399% of the initially added biochar-C. Additionally, biochar amendment led to a decreased decomposition of soil organic C, especially in sandy soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jan Mumme, Jan Mumme, Sonja Schimmelpfennig, Claudia Kammann, Chris Bamminger, Sven Marhan, Gerald Moser, Christoph M\u00fcller, Christoph M\u00fcller,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.04.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-22", "title": "Long-Term Biochar Application Influences Soil Microbial Community And Its Potential Roles In Semiarid Farmland", "description": "Abstract   Biochar addition to soil can change soil physicochemical properties, resulting in a shift of the soil microbial community. However, it is uncertain how long-term biochar application affects the soil microbial community and diversity in drylands. To determine the underlying mechanism, a 3.5-year spring maize ( Zea mays  L.) field experiment with biochar applications was conducted to elucidate the effect of biochar on soil microbial abundance and community composition as well as its potential applications in drylands of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. Soil samples from a 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth for four biochar treatments, including 0 (C0, as the control), 10 (C10), 30 (C30) and 50 (C50) t\u00a0ha \u22121 , were examined using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. It was found that the proportion of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the ratio of AMF/saprotrophic fungi (SF) correlated with the biochar levels, for example, the C30 treatment significantly decreased the absolute SF but increased the ratio of AMF/SF. Especially, both the AMF/SF and Fungi/Bacteria ratios were significantly increased in the C50 treatment, suggesting that high amounts of biochar could increase fungal rather than bacterial diversity. In addition, soil organic C (SOC) ( P\u00a0 \u00a00.01), KMnO 4 -oxidizable C (KMnO 4 -C) ( P\u00a0 \u00a00.01), and the C management index (CMI) ( P\u00a0 \u00a00.01) were confirmed to play significant roles in shaping the soil microbial community composition. SOC and total N were significantly increased by biochar application, and total P was increased in the C30 treatment. However, compared with the C0 treatment, the C50 treatment significantly decreased KMnO 4 -C and the CMI, suggesting the proper level of biochar addition to soil should be considered for the improvement of soil organic materials. Accordingly, biochar application at 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , which was connected with a decreased absolute SF and an increased AMF/SF ratio, could be a choice for improving soil quality and nutrient availability in semiarid farmland.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.04.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.04.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.04.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.04.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-30", "title": "Inhibition Effects Of N Deposition On Soil Organic Carbon Decomposition Was Mediated By N Types And Soil Nematode In A Temperate Forest", "description": "Abstract   Increasing nitrogen (N) deposition may alter soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition, thereby strongly affecting SOC storage in terrestrial ecosystems. Its specific influence may depend on the different types of N deposition and soil nematodes. However, little is known about how N deposition and soil nematodes affect the SOC cycle process. To address this issue, we evaluated the effects of different types of N deposition on SOC decomposition under the conditions of applying nematocide or not in a temperate forest. Soils collected from the simulated N deposition forest for 5 years were incubated in the presence and absence of soil nematocide at 15\u00a0\u00b0C for 150\u00a0days. N deposition suppressed soil C cycle processes, such as SOC decomposition and soil enzyme activities, and caused the accumulation of labile SOC, which depended on N types. A mixture of inorganic and organic N (MN) deposition had the highest suppression of SOC decomposition at 31.5%, followed by organic N (ON) deposition (24.4%) and inorganic N (IN) deposition (19.8%), thereby suggesting that inhibition effects of N deposition on SOC decomposition based on a single IN or ON source are underestimated. Nematocide application stimulated SOC decomposition, with the highest in MN (19.5%), followed by IN (13.5%), ON (11.2%), and control treatment (4.6%). The stimulation effect of SOC decomposition by soil nematode exclusion also depended on N types. N deposition and soil nematode exclusion had no interactive effect on SOC decomposition. These results imply that atmospheric N deposition favors the increase of C stocks in soil by reducing the SOC loss, and that N types should be considered during assessment of N deposition effects on soil C cycle processes.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-26", "title": "Soil Microbial Communities Under Cacao Agroforestry And Cover Crop Systems In Peru", "description": "Abstract   Cacao (Theobroma cacao) trees are grown in tropical regions worldwide for chocolate production. We studied the effects of agroforestry management systems and cover cropping on soil microbial communities under cacao in two different replicated field experiments in Peru. In the first experiment, two agroforestry systems, Improved Traditional Agroforestry System (ITAS) and Improved Natural Agroforestry System (INAS), were compared. ITAS was a \u2018slash and burn\u2019 system in which all native vegetation was removed prior to replanting with cacao and other trees while INAS used selective removal of uneconomical trees followed by cacao planting. Soil microbial communities were analyzed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis. Soils in the ITAS system had altered microbial community structure and a lower Gram-negative to Gram-positive ratio when compared to soils in the INAS system. However, soil microbial community structure was also affected by a large soil pH gradient (three pH units) across this experiment. In the cover crop experiment, five cover crops, Arachis pintoi (perennial peanut), Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo), Canavalia ensiformis (jackbean), Centrosema macrocarpum (centro), and Callisia repens (callisia), and two controls (one with and one without nitrogen fertilization), were compared. Cover cropping with centro or perennial peanut increased the Gram-negative to Gram-positive ratio, while centro reduced the fungal biomass. Microbial community structure was significantly affected by cover cropping. Our results indicate that management systems and cover cropping can affect soil microbial community structure in tropical agroforestry systems, but the effects of soil edaphic properties must be considered as well.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cacao", "Soil microbial community", "PLFA", "TRFLP", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "USDA, ARS, BARC, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA ( host institution ), Buyer, Jeffrey S. ( author ), Baligar, Virupax C. ( author ), He, Zhenli ( UF author ), Ar\u00e9valo-Gardini, Enrique ( author ),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.041", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-20", "title": "Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea Are More Sensitive Than Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria To Long-Term Application Of Green Manure In Red Paddy Soil", "description": "Abstract   Growing winter green manure is an effective method for improving nitrogen (N) management in paddy fields to enhance rice production. Ammonia oxidization is a key process in N cycling in these soils, but effects of green manuring on ammonia oxidizers have not been fully addressed for red paddy soils. The objective of this study was to investigate long-term impacts of winter green manure on abundance and diversity of ammonia oxidizers in rice paddy soils of Southern China. The field experiment established in 1982 included four treatments: rice-rice-winter fallow (RRF), rice-rice-ryegrass (RRG), rice\u2013rice\u2013rape (RRP) and rice\u2013rice\u2013milk vetch (RRV). The abundance and diversity of amoA genes from ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) were quantified using quantitative PCR and 454 pyrosequencing, respectively. The AOA were more abundant than AOB in red paddy soils, with ratios of AOA to AOB from 36 to 1686. Long-term application of milk vetch increased the abundance of both AOA and AOB after green manures were incorporated. Some of the relative abundances of most abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of AOA increased and others decreased after application of green manures, while most abundant OTUs of AOB remained unaffected. Redundancy analysis (RDA) found a clear separation between milk vetch and winter fallow, indicating that the community structure of AOA was influenced by application of milk vetch. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the most dominant OTUs of AOA and AOB were affiliated with Nitrososphaera and Nitrosospira, respectively. In conclusion, in red paddy soil, long-term application of milk vetch increased the abundances of AOA and AOB after incorporated. Moreover, long-term application of green manures had more profound influences on AOA community than on AOB in red paddy soils.", "keywords": ["Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "Paddy soil", "Green manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Ammonia-oxidizing archaea"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China ( host institution ), Gao, Songjuan ( author ), Cao, Weidong ( author ), Zou, Chunqin ( author ), Gao, Jusheng ( author ), Huang, Jing ( author ), Bai, Jinshun ( author ), Zeng, Naohua ( author ), Shimizu, Katsu-yoshi ( author ), Wright, Alan ( UF author ), Dou, Fugen ( author ),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.041"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.041", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.041", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.041"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.04.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-18", "title": "Microbial Responses To Temperature Sensitivity Of Soil Respiration In A Dry Fallow Cover Cropping And Submerged Rice Mono-Cropping System", "description": "Abstract   Soil heterotrophic respiration (SHR) increases exponentially with temperature and this general information has been incorporated into soil carbon models. However, the positive feedback of warming to SHR remains uncertain, mostly due to the differential response of soil microbial community to warming under dry and flooded conditions in a rice mono-cropping system. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between SHR and microbial functional groups during the fallow and flooded rice cultivation seasons under changing temperature in a rice mono-cropping system. Field experiments were conducted to investigate SHR, soil microbial functional groups and biomass, and temperature sensitivity of SHR (Q10) under dry fallow conditions during the cover cropping season and under flooded conditions during the rice cropping season. We found that SHR increased with increasing air and soil temperature, carbon availability, and soil microbial community composition and biomass in the fallow season, whereas a decrease in SHR in spite of an increase in temperature and carbon availability was observed under flooded conditions during the rice cropping season. Furthermore, a nonlinear response of microbial community composition and biomass with SHR was noticed during the flooded rice cropping season. This suggests that flooding could be the limiting factor for temperature sensitivity of SHR as well as microbial community composition in a rice mono-cropping system. Flooding the soil significantly (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.04.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.04.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.04.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.04.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Agriculture&offset=2200&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Agriculture&offset=2200&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Agriculture&offset=2150", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Agriculture&offset=2250", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 8334, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:15:39.434029Z"}