Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the contributor to agricultural greenhouse gas emissions with the highest warming global potential. It is widely recognised that traffic and animal-induced compaction can lead to an increased potential for N2O emissions by decreasing soil oxygen supply. The extent to which the spatial and temporal variability of N2O emissions can be explained by soil compaction is unclear. This review aims to comprehensively discuss soil compaction effects on N2O emissions, and to understand how compaction may promote N2O emission hotspots and hot moments. An impact factor of N2O emissions due to compaction was calculated for each selected study; compaction effects were evaluated separately for croplands, grasslands and forest lands. Topsoil compaction was found to increase N2O emissions by 1.3 to 42 times across sites and land uses. Large impact factors were especially reported for cropland and grassland soils when topsoil compaction\uffe2\uff80\uff94induced by field traffic and/or grazing\uffe2\uff80\uff94is combined with nitrogen input from fertiliser or urine. Little is known about the contribution of subsoil compaction to N2O emissions. Water-filled pore space is the most common water metric used to explain N2O emission variability, but gas diffusivity is a parameter with higher prediction potential. Microbial community composition may be less critical than the soil environment for N2O emissions, and there is a need for comprehensive studies on association between environmental drivers and soil compaction. Lack of knowledge about the interacting factors causing N2O accumulation in compacted soils, at different degrees of compactness and across different spatial scales, limits the identification of high-risk areas and development of efficient mitigation strategies. Soil compaction mitigation strategies that aim to loosen the soil and recover pore system functionality, in combination with other agricultural management practices to regulate N2O emission, should be evaluated for their effectiveness across different agro-climatic conditions and scales.Plant biomass can be used for multiple forms of bioenergy, and there is a very large potential supply, depending on which global assessment is most accurate in terms of land area that could be available for biomass production. The most suitable plant species must be identified before the potential biomass production in a particular region can be quantified. This in turn depends on the degree of climatic adaptation by those species. In the range of climates present in New Zealand, biomass crop growth has less restriction due to water deficit or low winter temperature than in most world regions. Biomass production for energy use in New Zealand would be best utilised as transport fuel since 70\uffc2\uffa0% of the country\uffe2\uff80\uff99s electricity generation is already renewable, but nearly all of its transport fossil fuel is imported. There is a good economic development case for transport biofuel production using waste streams and biomass crops. This review identified the most suitable crop species and assessed their production potential for use within the climatic range present in New Zealand. Information from published work was used as a basis for selecting appropriate crops in a 2-year selection and evaluation process. Where there were knowledge gaps, the location-specific selections were further evaluated by field measurements. The data presented have superseded much of the speculative information on the suitability of species for the potential development of a biofuel industry in New Zealand.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biomass crops", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Environmental Engineering", "High dry mass yield", "LCA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Energy crops", "Perennials", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Land use change", "Bioenergy potential"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huub Kerckhoffs, Richard Renquist,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-013-0173-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-15", "title": "Winter Legumes In Rice Crop Rotations Reduces Nitrogen Loss, And Improves Rice Yield And Soil Nitrogen Supply", "description": "Intensive irrigated rice-wheat crop systems have caused serious soil depletion and nitrogen loss in the Tai Lake region of China. A possible solution is the incorporation of legumes in rice because legumes are a source of nitrogen. There is actually little knowledge on the impact of legumes on rotation, soil fertility, and nitrogen loss. Therefore, we studied the effect of five rice-based rotations, including rice-wheat, rice-rape, rice-fallow, rice-bean, and rice-vetch, on soil nitrogen, rice yield, and runoff loss. A field experiment was conducted in the Tai Lake region from 2009 to 2012. Crop residues from rape, bean, and vetch were used to partially replace chemical fertilizer in rice. Results show that replacing 9.5\u201321.4\u00a0% of mineral nitrogen fertilizer by residues maintained rice yields of rice-rape, rice-bean, and rice-vetch rotations, compared to the rice-wheat reference. Moreover, using legumes as a winter crop in rice-bean and rice-vetch combinations increased rice grain yield over 5\u00a0%, and increased rice residue nitrogen content by 9.7\u201320.5\u00a0%. Nitrogen runoff decreased 30\u201360\u00a0% in rice-rape, rice-bean, and rice-vetch compared with rice-wheat. Soil mineral nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content were also improved by application of leguminous residues.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Runoff nitrogen loss", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Non-point pollution", "Crop rotations", "Legumes", "16. Peace & justice", "6. Clean water", "Soil nitrogen supply capacity", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction", "Rice yield"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yingliang Yu, Lihong Xue, Linzhang Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0173-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-013-0173-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-013-0173-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-013-0173-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-015-0286-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-03", "title": "Wheat And Maize Relay-Planting With Straw Covering Increases Water Use Efficiency Up To 46 %", "description": "Family farms in populated countries must produce sufficient quantities of food to meet the ever-growing population needs. It is unknown whether innovated farming systems can alleviate this issue. Here, we carried out field experiments in arid northwest China from 2009 to 2012 to determine the response of water use, grain yield, and water use efficiency. We integrated crop intensification via relay-planting and straw mulching in the same system. Straw mulching included stubble standing, straw covering, or straw incorporation to the soil. Results show that wheat and maize relay-planting with straw mulching increased yields by up to 153\u00a0% versus mono-planting of maize and wheat. Straw covering approached the highest yield. Relay-planting with stubble standing or straw covering decreased water consumption by 4.6\u00a0%. The integrated systems increased water use efficiency by up to 46\u00a0% compared to conventional mono-planting maize and wheat.", "keywords": ["Oasis region", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "Straw mulch", "03 medical and health sciences", "Soil water storage", "Relay-planting", "Water use efficiency", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yantai Gan, Aizhong Yu, Fuxue Feng, Falong Hu, Qiang Chai, Wen Yin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-015-0286-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-015-0286-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-015-0286-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-015-0286-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-019-0589-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-09", "title": "Agroforestry delivers a win-win solution for ecosystem services in sub-Saharan Africa. A meta-analysis", "description": "AbstractAgricultural landscapes are increasingly being managed with the aim of enhancing the provisioning of multiple ecosystem services and sustainability of production systems. However, agricultural management that maximizes provisioning ecosystem services can often reduce both regulating and maintenance services. We hypothesized that agroforestry reduces trade-offs between provisioning and regulating/maintenance services. We conducted a quantitative synthesis of studies carried out in sub-Saharan Africa focusing on crop yield (as an indicator of provisioning services), soil fertility, erosion control, and water regulation (as indicators of regulating/maintenance services). A total of 1106 observations were extracted from 126 peer-reviewed publications that fulfilled the selection criteria for meta-analysis of studies comparing agroforestry and non-agroforestry practices (hereafter control) in sub-Saharan Africa. Across ecological conditions, agroforestry significantly increased crop yield, total soil nitrogen, soil organic carbon, and available phosphorus compared to the control. Agroforestry practices also reduced runoff and soil loss and improved infiltration rates and soil moisture content. No significant differences were detected between the different ecological conditions, management regimes, and types of woody perennials for any of the ecosystem services. Main trade-offs included low available phosphorus and low soil moisture against higher crop yield. This is the first meta-analysis that shows that, on average, agroforestry systems in sub-Saharan Africa increase crop yield while maintaining delivery of regulating/maintenance ecosystem services. We also demonstrate how woody perennials have been managed in agricultural landscapes to provide multiple ecosystem services without sacrificing crop productivity. This is important in rural livelihoods where the range of ecosystem services conveys benefits in terms of food security and resilience to environmental shocks.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-019-0589-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-019-0589-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-019-0589-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-019-0589-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-04", "title": "Relay intercropping can efficiently support weed managementin cereal-based cropping systems when appropriate legume speciesare chosen", "description": "AbstractRelay intercropping of subsidiary legumes with durum wheat (living mulch) can be a viable option to support ecological weed control and optimize nutrient cycling in cereal-based cropping systems. However, the lack of knowledge on suitable legume species is often identified as the main bottleneck for the successful application of legume living mulches. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of 12 different legumes for relay intercropping with wheat in two contrasting Mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems respectively characterized by low-input and integrated management. Each legume was monitored from the undersowing in wheat until the following spring and we compared direct drilling to broadcast sowing of legumes. None of the undersown legumes showed a negative effect on the wheat grain yield. Relay intercropping of legumes proved to be an effective solution to control weeds before and after the wheat harvest, provided suitable legumes species are chosen. Suitable legumes reduced the weed biomass up to the 90% during the intercropping and up to 94% in the following spring. On the contrary, legumes such as Trifoliumresupinatum, Viciavillosa, Medicagotruncatula, and Medicagoscutellata boosted weed growth in the following spring in comparison with the control. According to the performance of legumes, Medicagosativa, Trifoliumrepens and Medicagolupulina had the most suitable characteristics for relay intercropping with durum wheat at the Ravenna site, in a highly productive region whereas Medicagosativa, Hedysarumcoronarium and Trifoliumsubterraneum performed better in the low-input system near Pisa, where yields are generally lower. This is the first time that such a diversity in legumes species is tested in the same experiment for relay intercropping under diversified environmental and management conditions. The results of this study can support farmers in selecting the most appropriated legume species for their specific cropping systems and local conditions.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Living mulch", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "IWMPRAISE", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Integrated Weed Management", "Horizon2020", "Crop diversification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Subsidiary crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/549112/1/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-011-0125-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-29", "title": "Effects Of Thinning Intensity On Radial Growth Patterns And Temperature Sensitivity In Pinus Canariensis Afforestations On Tenerife Island, Spain", "description": "Open Access\u2022Context The suitability of thinning to prevent forest growth decline as a result of global warming has not been tested extensively in Macaronesian Canary pine (Pinus canariensis Sweet ex Spreng.). \u2022 Aims This study aimed to answer the following questions: (1) are tree growth patterns modified by the aspect and thinning intensity? (2) Is sensitivity to climate modulated by thinning? (3) Do trees of different crown classes respond differentially to thinning intensity and climate? \u2022Methods We used tree-ring series from dominant, codominant, and overtopped trees to study the effects of thinning intensity on basal area increments (BAI) and climate sensitivity on windward (wet) and leeward (dry) slopes on Tenerife, Canary Islands. Three replicated blocks of control, light thinning, and heavy thinning stands were set on each slope in 1988, and cores were extracted in 2007. \u2022 Results Heavy thinning induced growth release and increased BAI, mainly on dominant and codominant trees, whereas light thinning effects were negligible; their impacts were more intense on the windward side. Temperature sensitivity was hardly affected by thinning on leeward, where climate control was stronger. On windward, thinning enhanced the influence of summer temperatures. Upper crown classes were more sensitive overall, but overtopped trees responded better in summer. Thinning intensity and aspect greatly influence growth on Canary pine afforestations, but individual responses are highly dependent on crown classes. In addition, thinning may be less effective to modify growth conditions on leeward slopes, at least if not intense. \u00a9 INRA and Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", ":Investigaci\u00f3n::24 Ciencias de la vida::2417 Biolog\u00eda vegetal (bot\u00e1nica)::241713 Ecolog\u00eda vegetal [Materias]", "Forest restoration", "Climate-growth relationships", "Growth release", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Dendroecology", ":Investigaci\u00f3n::31 Ciencias agrarias::3106 Ciencia forestal::310608 Silvicultura [Materias]", "13. Climate action", "Materias::Investigaci\u00f3n::31 Ciencias agrarias::3106 Ciencia forestal::310608 Silvicultura", "Materias::Investigaci\u00f3n::24 Ciencias de la vida::2417 Biolog\u00eda vegetal (bot\u00e1nica)::241713 Ecolog\u00eda vegetal", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Tree ring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-011-0125-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-011-0125-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-011-0125-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-011-0125-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-011-0100-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-05", "title": "Effect Of Freezing-Thawing On Nitrogen Mineralization In Vegetation Soils Of Four Landscape Zones Of Changbai Mountain", "description": "We studied the effect of freezing-thawing on nitrogen (N) mineralization of four vegetation soils from typical vegetation zones of Changbai Mountain with a laboratory incubation experiment. The soils were treated with two levels of soil water content, representing the low and high soil water contents found during late autumn and early spring in Changbai Mountain, respectively, and underwent cycling of freezing at \u22125 or \u221225\u00b0C and thawing at 5\u00b0C up to 15 times. The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of freezing temperature, frequency of freezing-thawing cycles, and soil water content on N mineralization of four soils to reveal the different effects of spring and autumn freezing-thawing on soil N mineralization in Changbai Mountain. The results showed that inorganic N in the soils increased 1.67\u201326.77 times after 15 cycles of freezing-thawing, but N mineralization rate decreased with increased cycling of freezing-thawing. The lower freeze temperature and higher soil water content generally enhanced soil N mineralization. The results implied that freezing-thawing of vegetation soils to increase soil N mineralization to favor the growth of plants, and also increase the possibility of runoff loss of soil nutrients, is more effective in the spring than in the autumn.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jie Tian, Yujing Ye, Guowei Li, Li Zhou, Wangming Zhou, Limin Dai, Hua Chen, Bernard J. Lewis,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-011-0100-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-011-0100-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-011-0100-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-011-0100-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-15", "title": "Responses Of Labile Soil Organic Carbon And Enzyme Activity In Mineral Soils To Forest Conversion In The Subtropics", "description": "& Aims Globally, extensive areas of native forest have been almost replaced by plantations to meet the demands for timber, fuel material and other forest products. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of forest conversion on labile soil organic C (SOC), soil respiration, and enzyme activity, and to quantify their relationship in subtropical forest ecosystems. & Methods Surface mineral soil (0\u201320 cm) was collected from a Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook. plantation, Pinus massoniana Lamb. plantation, Michelia macclurei Dandy plantation, and an undisturbed native broadleaf forest. Soil microbial biomass C, dissolved organic C, permanganateoxidizable C, basal respiration, and six enzyme activities were investigated. & Results Soil microbial biomass C was higher by 45.9 % in native broadleaf forest than that in M. macclurei Dandy plantation. The ratio of soil microbial biomass C to total SOC was 27.6 % higher in the M. macclurei Dandy plantation than in the native broadleaf forest. The soil respiration increased by 25.2 %a nd 21.7 %a fter conversion from native broadleaf forest to P. massoniana Lamb. and M. macclurei Dandy plantations respectively. The effects of forest conversion on the soil enzyme activities differed among the tree species. Soil microbial biomass C had higher correlation with soil respiration than with the other SOC fractions. Moreover, soil microbial biomass C was positively correlated with urease and negatively correlated with cellulase activity. Soil respiration had higher correlation with soil microbial biomass C, dissolved organic C and permanganate-oxidizable C. & Conclusion Forest conversion affected the soil microbial biomass C, soil respiration, invertase, cellulase, urease, catalase, acid phosphatase, and polyphenol oxidase activities, but their response depended on tree species. Soil respiration was mainly controlled by labile SOC, not by total SOC.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil enzyme", "13. Climate action", "Land-use change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Labile soil organic C", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "15. Life on land", "Tree species"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Silong Wang, Fuming Xiao, Tongxin He, Qingkui Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-08", "title": "The Effects Of Forest Type On Soil Microbial Activity In Changbai Mountain, Northeast China", "description": "AbstractKey messageForty years after clear-cutting mixed old-growth forest (broadleaf/Korean pine) in the Changbai Mountain area (Northeast China), a mixed forest with natural broadleaf regeneration and larch plantation displayed larger microbial biomass and activity in the soil than either a naturally regenerated birch forest or a monospecific spruce plantation.ContextClear-cutting with limited restoration effort was until the end of the twentieth century the norm for managing primary forests in Northeast China. Forest restoration plays an important role in the recovery of soil quality after clear-cutting, but the effects of different regeneration procedures on forest soil quality remain poorly known in Northeast China.AimsWe assessed the effects of three regeneration procedures, i.e., (i) naturally regenerated birch forest, (ii) spruce plantation, and (iii) naturally regenerated broadleaf species interspersed with planted larch on soil quality and microbial activity in the Changbai Mountain area. An old-growth mixed broadleaf/Korean pine forest was used as a reference.MethodsPhysical and chemical properties and microbial biomass were recorded in the soil. Basal respiration and carbon mineralization were measured with a closed-jar alkali-absorption method.ResultsMicrobial biomass was smaller in the birch forest and spruce plantation than in the old-growth and the mixed broadleaf/larch forests. Moreover, microbial biomass, microbial quotient, and potentially mineralizable carbon were larger in the mixed broadleaf/larch than in the birch forest, while no difference was found between spruce plantation and birch forest for microbial biomass and microbial quotient. Basal respiration and metabolic quotient were larger in the birch forest as compared to the three other forest types, indicating a larger energy need for maintenance of the microbial community and lower microbial activity in the naturally regenerated birch forest.ConclusionMixed broadleaf/larch forest displayed a larger microbial biomass and higher substrate use efficiency of the soil microbial community than either naturally regenerated birch forest or spruce plantation. The combined natural and artificial regeneration procedure (mixed broadleaf-larch forest) seems better suited to restore soil quality after clear-cutting in the Changbai Mountain.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Changbai Mountain", "Forest restoration", "Carbon mineralization", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Microbial biomass carbon", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Li Zhou, Dapao Yu, Xiang-Min Fang, Xiang-Min Fang, Wangming Zhou, Limin Dai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-31", "title": "Thinning Affects Microbial Biomass Without Changing Enzyme Activity In The Soil Of Pinus Densiflora Sieb. Et Zucc. Forests After 7 Years", "description": "AbstractKey messageThinning increased microbial biomass but did not alter enzyme activities in the soil ofPinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc. forests in South Korea. This effect of thinning was larger under a relatively heavy thinning intensity, but there was divergence in the magnitude between sites.ContextThe balance between microbial biomass accumulation and enzymatic C and N assimilation determines the level of bio-available C and N. However, the effects of thinning on these parameters remain contradictory and unconfirmed.AimsThe effects of thinning intensity on microbial biomass and enzyme activity were assessed in the soil of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. forests in South Korea.MethodsUn-thinned control and 15 and 30% basal area thinning treatments were applied to two 51- to 60-year-old P. densiflora forests with different management histories, topographies, rainfall amounts, and soils. Seven years after thinning, microbial biomass and activities of N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-xylosidase, phenol oxidase, and peroxidase were measured before and after seasonally concentrated rains and at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth.ResultsMicrobial biomass was generally highest under the 30% basal area thinning and lowest under the control, and was positively correlated to total soil C and N. The increase in microbial biomass was lower at the site displaying sandier, drier, and more acidic soils and retaining smaller amounts of thinning residue. Conversely, thinning had no significant effect on activities of all enzymes at both sites in both periods.ConclusionThinning can promote accumulation of microbial biomass without significant change in enzyme activities participating in the assimilation of C and N. This effect of thinning tended to increase with thinning intensity but differed in magnitude between sites.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Forest management", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil microbes", "15. Life on land", "Enzyme assay", "01 natural sciences", "Korean red pine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-19", "title": "Changes In Soil Phosphorus Fractions After 9 Years Of Continuous Nitrogen Addition In A Larix Gmelinii Plantation", "description": "The key message N addition decreased soil inorganic P availability, microbial biomass P, and acid phosphatase activity in the larch plantation. Soil inorganic P availability decreased after N addition due to the changes in both microbial properties and plant uptake.\u2022 Context Soil phosphorus (P) availability is considered an important factor in influencing the biomass production of plants. Sustained inputs of nitrogen (N) through atmospheric deposition or N fertilizers, particularly in temperate forests, may change the composition and availability of P and thus affect long-term forest productivity.\u2022 Aims The objective of this study was to assess soil P availability, P fractions, and microbial properties including microbial biomass P and acid phosphatase activity after 9 consecutive years of N addition in a larch (Larix gmelinii) plantation, northeastern China.\u2022 Methods From 2003 to 2011, NH4NO3 was added to replicate plots (three 20\u00a0m\u2009\u00d7\u200930\u00a0m plots) in the larch plantation each year at a rate of 100\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. Soil samples from 0\u201310-cm and 10\u201320-cm depths were collected in N addition plots and control (no N addition) plots.\u2022 Results N addition significantly decreased soil NaHCO3-Pi (Pi is inorganic P), microbial biomass P, and acid phosphatase activity but increased the NaOH-Pi concentration. N addition appeared to induce a decrease in soil inorganic P availability by changing pH and P uptake by trees. In addition, N addition significantly decreased the NaOH-Po (Po is organic P) concentration, possibly because of increased P mineralization. However, the total P and other P fractions were unaffected by N fertilization.\u2022 Conclusion Our results suggested that N addition enhanced P uptake by trees, whereas it reduced soil inorganic P availability as well as microbial biomass and activity related to soil P cycling in the larch plantation.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial biomass P", "Larch plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Phosphorus availability", "Phosphatase activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-24", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming On Soil Respiration And Biomass In Quercus Variabilis Blume And Pinus Densiflora Sieb. Et Zucc. Seedlings", "description": "AbstractKey messageIn the open-field warming experiment using infrared heaters, 3\u00a0\u00b0C warming affected soil respiration more in the deciduousQuercus variabilisBlume plot than in the evergreenPinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc. plot, but did not affect the plant biomass in either species.ContextUnderstanding the species-specific responses of belowground carbon processes to warming is essential for the accurate prediction of forest carbon cycles in ecosystems affected by future climate change.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the effect of experimental warming on soil CO2 efflux, soil-air CO2 concentration, and plant biomass for two taxonomically different temperate tree species.MethodsExperimental warming was conducted in an open-field planted with Q. variabilis and P. densiflora seedlings. Infrared heaters increased the air temperature by 3\u00a0\u00b0C in the warmed plots compared with the air temperature in the control plots over a 2-year period.ResultsThe increase in air and soil temperature stimulated soil CO2 efflux by 29 and 22\u00a0% for the Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, respectively. Seasonal variation in the warming effect on soil CO2 efflux was species-specific. Soil CO2 efflux was also positively related to both soil temperature and soil water content. The soil moisture deficit decreased the difference in soil CO2 efflux between the control and warmed plots. Warming did not affect soil CO2 concentration and plant biomass in either species; however, the mean soil CO2 concentration was positively correlated with root and total biomass.ConclusionWarming increased soil CO2 efflux in both Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, while the increase showed remarkable seasonal variations and different magnitudes for the two species.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "soil temperature", "evergreen tree", "soil water", "Red pine", "seedling", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "Pinus resinosa", "Climate change", "Pinus densiflora", "seasonal variation", "concentration (composition)", "Quercus variabilis", "Oriental oak", "carbon dioxide", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "air temperature", "carbon flux", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "coniferous tree", "phytomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experimental warming", "soil moisture", "deciduous tree"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s40003-012-0044-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-24", "title": "Effects Of Waste Water Irrigation On Physical And Biochemical Characteristics Of Soil And Metal Partitioning In Beta Vulgaris L.", "description": "The present study deals with the assessment of changes in physical and biochemical characteristics of soil and metal partitioning in Beta vulgaris L. grown in farmer\u2019s fields irrigated with waste water in Dinapur and Lohta areas of Varanasi, India, during December to February, 2007\u20132008 and 2008\u20132009. Nutrient concentrations, organic carbon, microbial biomass, C, N, and P, enzymatic activities and heavy metal concentrations in soil and plant parts were estimated at waste water (DW1, DW2 and LW) and clean water-irrigated sites (DC and LC). Sites receiving waste water irrigation showed an increase in organic C by 36 and 64\u00a0% and in available phosphorus by 15 and, 21\u00a0% at DW1 and DW2 sites compared to DC and 88 and 29\u00a0% at LW compared to LC during the first year. Dehydrogenase and urease activities increased two to threefold at waste water-irrigated sites compared to the respective clean water-irrigated ones during both the years of study. Microbial biomass (C, N, and P) and concentrations of exchangeable cations (Na+, K+, and Ca+2) also showed increments varying from two to threefold at waste water-irrigated sites. During both the years, total heavy metal concentration in soil was the highest for Mn followed by Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Cd at Dinapur, whereas at Lohta the trend was Mn, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Cd. The accumulation of heavy metals in the plants was several-fold higher in roots and shoots at waste water-irrigated sites, and Cd, Pb, and Ni were above the safe limits in edible tissues. Lower metal concentrations were recorded at DW1 site compared to DW2 and LW sites. The study suggests that waste water irrigation led to beneficial changes in physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil, but increased the soil contamination of heavy metals. However, the intermittent use of clean water in such areas may not only reduce the metal contamination in the plants but will also maintain soil fertility.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Anita Singh, Madhoolika Agrawal,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-012-0044-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s40003-012-0044-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s40003-012-0044-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s40003-012-0044-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s40003-014-0102-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-15", "title": "Short-Term Interactive Effects Of Biochar, Green Manure, And Inorganic Fertilizer On Soil Properties And Agronomic Characteristics Of Maize", "description": "The application of biochar with inorganic fertilizers is shown to improve crop productivity. However, resource-poor farmers may be constrained in their ability to meet the fertilizer requirements. In this short-term greenhouse research, we investigated whether combining biochar and green manure sources of Tithonia diversifolia and Vicia faba could be a viable soil management option for smallholder agroecosystems. Generally, the application of the green manures either singly or mixed with biochar showed similar effects on soil properties. However, in contrast to mixed biochar and fertilizer treatments, soil microbial biomass C, mineral N, available P, and pH were generally higher in soils that received mixed green manure and biochar applications. The results also showed a positive but comparable synergistic effect of applying green manure or fertilizers with biochar. It was inferred that the combined applications of biochar and V. faba or T. diversifolia increased maize grain yield by 35 and 25\u00a0%, respectively, compared with sole V. faba and T. diversifolia applications. Relative to sole fertilizer application, there was a 27\u00a0% increase in maize grain yield when fertilizer was combined with biochar. The increased biological yield of maize in mixed than single treatments was attributed to the increased N use efficiency of maize plants that received mixed application of biochar and green manures or inorganic fertilizer. The results established that in places where inorganic fertilizers are limited, green manures could be applied with biochar for improved soil fertility and crop productivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-014-0102-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s40003-014-0102-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s40003-014-0102-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s40003-014-0102-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-23", "title": "Long-Term Conservation Tillage Effect On Soil Organic Carbon And Available Phosphorous Content In Vertisols Of Central India", "description": "Efficient nutrient management in conservation tillage is one of the major concerns in vertisols as residue retention on soil surface and reduction in tillage operation can have a major impact on nutrient dynamics and stratification. The present study examined profile distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and available phosphorous under long-term (12\u00a0years) imposition of four different tillage systems, namely conventional tillage (CT), mouldboard tillage (MB), reduced tillage (RT), no tillage (NT) and three nitrogen levels, viz. N50%, N100% and N150%. In 0- to 5-cm soil layer, highest and lowest SOC was observed in NT (8.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121) and CT (5.9\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121), whereas in 5- to 15-cm soil layer, higher SOC was observed in MB. The stratification ratio of SOC was higher in NT (2.20) followed by RT (1.93), MB (1.68) and CT (1.51). Higher available phosphorous concentration (12.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121) was recorded in NT with N50% followed by NT with N100%. Over the year, no significant effect of tillage on soybean and wheat yield was observed. However, effect of N level on yield was significant. Overall, conservation tillage practice imposed no penalty on yield of soybean\u2013wheat system, while it saved energy and time by reducing the number of tillage operations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ratnakar Singh, Nishant K. Sinha, Ashok K. Patra, M. Mohanty, K. M. Hati, A. K. Biswas, V. Kushwa, R. C. Jain, R. S. Chaudhary, J. Somasundaram,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-23T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Forestry&offset=1700&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Forestry&offset=1700&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Forestry&offset=1650", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+Forestry&offset=1750", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 8202, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:12:48.294568Z"}