{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-01", "title": "Does Livestock Grazing Affect Sediment Deposition And Accretion Rates In Salt Marshes?", "description": "

Accretion rates, defined as the vertical growth of salt marshes measured in mm per year, may be influenced by grazing livestock in two ways: directly, by increasing soil compaction through trampling, and indirectly, by reducing aboveground biomass and thus decreasing sediment deposition rates measured in g/m(2) per year. Although accretion rates and the resulting surface elevation change largely determine the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise (SLR), the effect of livestock grazing on accretion rates has been little studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of livestock grazing on salt-marsh accretion rates. We hypothesise that accretion will be lower in grazed compared to ungrazed salt marshes. In four study sites along the mainland coast of the Wadden Sea (in the south-eastern North Sea), accretion rates, sediment deposition rates, and soil compaction of grazed and ungrazed marshes were analysed using the Cs-137 radionuclide dating method. Accretion rates were on average 11.6 mm yr(-1) during recent decades and thus higher than current and projected rates of SLR. Neither accretion nor sediment deposition rates were significantly different between grazing treatments. Meanwhile, soil compaction was clearly affected by grazing with significantly higher dry bulk density on grazed compared to ungrazed parts. Based on these results, we conclude that other factors influence whether grazing has an effect on accretion and sediment deposition rates and that the effect of grazing on marsh growth does not follow a direct causal chain. It may have a great importance when interacting with other biotic and abiotic processes on the marsh. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "F800 - Physical geographical sciences", "550", "137Cs", "geochronology", "SEA-LEVEL RISE", "SURFACE ELEVATION", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Wadden Sea", "inundation", "CS-137", "F820 Geomorphology", "(CS)-C-137", "compaction", "NITROGEN MINERALIZATION", "COASTAL WETLANDS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "land use management", "WADDEN SEA", "15. Life on land", "NORTH-SEA", "13. Climate action", "C180 - Ecology", "TIDAL MARSH", "VEGETATION", "C180 Ecology", "dating", "SW NETHERLANDS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420050242", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Nutrient Limitation And Plant Species Composition In Temperate Salt Marshes", "description": "Addition of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a factorial design in two ungrazed Wadden-Sea salt marshes at low and high elevations showed that nitrogen was the limiting nutrient. No effects of nutrient addition were detected in the 1st year, probably due to a considerable rainfall deficit during the growing season. In the 2nd year, which was more humid, only nitrogen addition caused significant effects in both the low salt marsh dominated by Puccinellia maritima and the high marsh dominated by Festuca rubra. No two-way or three-way interactions with phosphorus or potassium were found. In the low marsh, nitrogen addition had a negative effect on the biomass of Puccinellia, but a positive effect on the biomass of Suaeda maritima and on the total above-ground biomass. Puccinellia was replaced by Suaeda after nitrogen addition, due to shading. In the high salt marsh, no significant effects of fertilizer application on total above-ground biomass were found, due to the weak response of the dominant species Festuca rubra, which accounted for 95% of total biomass. The biomass of Spergularia maritima increased, however, as a response to nitrogen addition.The shoot length of Festuca was positively affected by nitrogen fertilization. It is suggested that stands of Festuca reached maximal biomass at the study site without fertilization and that its growth was probably limited by self-shading.", "keywords": ["salt marsh", "0106 biological sciences", "nutrient limitation", "GROWTH", "VEGETATION", "rainfall deficit", "15. Life on land", "COMMUNITIES", "01 natural sciences", "plant-species interactions", "primary production"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050242"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420050242", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420050242", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420050242"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11284-013-1064-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-25", "title": "Flower Production Of Aster Tripolium Is Affected By Behavioral Differences In Livestock Species And Stocking Densities: The Role Of Activity And Selectivity", "description": "Abstract

Semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90natural grasslands are an important habitat for endangered plant and animal species. In grasslands, low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity livestock grazing is frequently applied as a tool for nature conservation. We aim to investigate how different livestock species in various densities influence the state and flower production of a single plant species by selective defoliation and/or trampling. We hypothesized that (1) moderate stocking densities would cause more damage than low, and that (2) horses would cause more damage than cattle due to their higher activity. The experiment took place in a salt marsh in the Netherlands where grazing treatments with horses and cattle in two stocking densities were installed. Damage to individual Aster tripolium plants and number of flower heads were recorded at the end of the grazing season in late September. We found (1) more damage and fewer flower heads in moderate stocking densities compared to low densities. However, a reduction of flower heads by higher stocking densities was less clear with cattle. No clear difference (2) between livestock species was found, due to opposite trends in moderate and low densities. At low stocking densities, cattle caused more damage by selective defoliation. At moderate densities, horses caused more damage, because of their higher mobility, which led to damage by trampling. We conclude that the response of Aster to grazing is strongly affected by behavioral differences between livestock species. Grazing experiments and management schemes for semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90natural grasslands should therefore not only consider stocking densities, but also livestock species to reach desired conservation goals.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Salt marsh", "AVAILABILITY", "WADDEN SEA", "VEGETATION CHANGE", "EUROPAEA L", "15. Life on land", "Horse", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Grazing", "REPRODUCTION", "Semi-natural grassland", "SALT-MARSH", "RESOURCE", "Cattle", "TOLERANCE", "HERBIVORY", "PERENNIAL HERB"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-013-1064-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11284-013-1064-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11284-013-1064-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11284-013-1064-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-31", "title": "Patch Choice Of Avian Herbivores Along A Migration Trajectory - From Temperate To Arctic", "description": "

Migratory waterfowl species seem to track temporal and spatial pulses of optimal forage availability on their way from temperate wintering to arctic breeding sites. In order to unravel the relative contribution of forage quality and forage biomass to foraging choices in avian herbivores, we experimentally manipulated biomass and quality of main forage plants through fertilisation and grazing exclusion at three sites along the flyway of barnacle geese, Branta leucopsis. Fertilisation increased the nitrogen content of the forage and grazing exclusion increased biomass levels. Manipulated plots were offered to wild geese in a random block experimental design and goose visitation was measured through dropping counts. At all sites there was a trend towards a higher preference of plots with increased quality and average biomass above plots with an average quality and increased biomass. Generally, geese preferred plots with highest standing crop of nitrogen. The numerical response of the geese to forage changes was supported by behavioural observations at the Baltic site. We conclude that for migrating barnacle geese the bottlenecks in the standing crop of nitrogen appear to tie in the limited biomass availability at the Baltic stopover site and the limited nutrient content of food in the Arctic breeding site, restricting the potential nutrient intake on these sites. (C) 2006 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

", "keywords": ["barnacle goose", "0106 biological sciences", "SNOW GEESE", "BRENT GEESE", "KOLOKOLKOVA BAY", "Branta leucopsis", "B-BERNICLA", "15. Life on land", "BARNACLE GEESE", "GOOSE POPULATION", "grazing experiment", "01 natural sciences", "ptant-herbivore interactions", "salt marsh", "FOOD QUALITY", "flyway", "forage quality", "FORAGING BEHAVIOR", "plant biomass", "GEESE BRANTA-LEUCOPSIS", "BODY-SIZE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R.H. Drent, Julia Stahl, A. J. van der Graaf, G. F. (Ciska) Veen, R.M. Havinga,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Basic%20and%20Applied%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-21", "title": "Time-Scale Effects In The Interaction Between A Large And A Small Herbivore", "description": "

In the short term, grazing will mainly affect plant biomass and forage quality. However, grazing can affect plant species composition by accelerating or retarding succession at longer time-scales. Few studies concerning interactions among herbivores have taken the change in plant species composition into account. In a salt-marsh system, the longterm effects of exclusion of a large herbivore (cattle) on the abundance of a small herbivore (hare) were studied. Excluding cattle grazing for 30 years resulted in large changes in vegetation composition. In general, the cover of tall-growing species increased in the absence of cattle grazing. These long-term changes negatively affected hare grazing intensity. Hares preferentially fed on Festuca rubra and negatively selected tall growing plants, such as Elymus athericus, both in cattle-grazed and long-term ungrazed areas. However, the intensity of hare grazing was not related to the cover of F rubra. The cover of tall-growing plants (E athericus, A triplex prostrata and Juncus maritimus) appeared to be the best predictor and hare grazing intensity decreased sharply with an increase of the cover of tall plants. When cover of tall plants did not increase, hare grazing intensity was not affected. The study shows that the time-scale of the experiment is of prime importance in studying interactions between herbivores. Species that do not seem to influence the abundance of one another or are competing for the same resources on a short time-scale might well be facilitating each other when looking at larger time-scales while taking plant species replacement into account. (c) 2007 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GrnbH. All rights reserved.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Lepus europaeus", "productivity", "SUCCESSION", "COMPETITION", "brown hares", "barnacle geese", "HARES LEPUS-EUROPAEUS", "BARNACLE GEESE", "01 natural sciences", "facilitation", "SALT-MARSH", "MANAGEMENT", "BROWN HARES", "tall plants", "2. Zero hunger", "exclosures", "15. Life on land", "FACILITATION", "succession", "communities", "salt marsh", "hares lepus-europaeus", "salt-marsh", "13. Climate action", "mountain hares", "MOUNTAIN HARES", "COMMUNITIES", "competition", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Basic%20and%20Applied%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-20", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Grazing On Sediment Deposition And Salt-Marsh Accretion Rates", "description": "

Many studies have attempted to predict whether coastal marshes will be able to keep up with future acceleration of sea-level rise by estimating marsh accretion rates. However, there are few studies focussing on the long-term effects of herbivores on vegetation structure and subsequent effects on marsh accretion. Deposition of fine-grained, mineral sediment during tidal inundations, together with organic matter accumulation from the local vegetation, positively affects accretion rates of marsh surfaces. Tall vegetation can enhance sediment deposition by reducing current flow and wave action. Herbivores shorten vegetation height and this could potentially reduce sediment deposition. This study estimated the effects of herbivores on 1) vegetation height, 2) sediment deposition and 3) resulting marsh accretion after long-term (at least 16 years) herbivore exclusion of both small (i.e. hare and goose) and large grazers (i.e. cattle) for marshes of different ages. Our results firstly showed that both small and large herbivores can have a major impact on vegetation height. Secondly, grazing processes did not affect sediment deposition. Finally, trampling by large grazers affected marsh accretion rates by compacting the soil. In many European marshes, grazing is used as a tool in nature management as well as for agricultural purposes. Thus, we propose that soil compaction by large grazers should be taken in account when estimating the ability of coastal systems to cope with an accelerating sea-level rise. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

", "keywords": ["marsh succession", "0106 biological sciences", "Surface elevation change", "Sea-level rise", "FLOW", "Sedimentation rate", "SEA-LEVEL RISE", "SURFACE ELEVATION", "01 natural sciences", "BROWN HARES", "Herbivory", "14. Life underwater", "Marsh succession", "Biology", "Global change", "VEGETATION SUCCESSION", "global change", "COASTAL WETLANDS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "sedimentation rate", "herbivory", "GEESE", "sea-level rise", "15. Life on land", "PRODUCTIVITY GRADIENT", "surface elevation change", "NORTH-SEA", "13. Climate action", "TIDAL MARSH"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-17", "title": "Methane, Carbon Dioxide And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes From A Temperate Salt Marsh: Grazing Management Does Not Alter Global Warming Potential", "description": "Soil greenhouse gas emissions from cattle grazed and un-grazed temperate upper salt marsh were measured using dark static chambers, monthly for one year. Below-ground gas sampling tubes were also used to measure soil methane (CH4) concentrations. CH4 efflux from grazed and un-grazed salt marsh did not differ significantly although grazing did lead to \u2018hotspots\u2019 of underground CH4 (up to 6% of total air volume) and CH4 efflux (peak of 9 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) significantly linked to high soil moisture content, low soil temperatures and the presence of Juncus gerardii. Carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux was greater from the un-grazed marsh (mean of 420 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) than the grazed marsh (mean of 333 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) throughout most of the year and was positively correlated with the deeper water table and greater soil temperatures. Grazing was not a significant predictor of nitrous oxide (N2O) soil emissions. Global Warming Potential (GWP; over 100 years), calculated from mean yearly chamber fluxes for CH4 and CO2, did not differ significantly with grazing treatment. Seasonal variation in the key drivers of soil greenhouse gas efflux; soil temperature, moisture and water table, plus the presence or absence of aerenchymatous plants such as J. gerardii were more important to the magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions than grazing management per se.", "keywords": ["chamber flux measurements", "salt marshes", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "Ribble estuary", "livestock grazing", "UK", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-06", "title": "Spatial And Temporal Variations In Sediment Grain Size In Tidal Wetlands, Yangtze Delta: On The Role Of Physical And Biotic Controls", "description": "To examine the spatial and temporal variability of sediment grain size in exposed tidal wetlands with ample sediment supply, we sampled sediments and measured hydrodynamics, accretion/erosion rates, and vegetation characteristics in the Yangtze Delta. Sediment grain size exhibited a landward/upward decreasing trend. This trend is mainly attributed to attenuation of hydrodynamics. A 630-day series of daily surface sediment sampling at a fixed site on an unvegetated intertidal flat revealed significant seasonal and storm-cyclic changes in grain size. This temporal variability was related to alternating accretion/erosion events, with erosion associated with coarser grain size. Such temporal dynamics were not present in vegetation, where sediment remained fine grained throughout the year. In the marsh, vegetation cover enables the trapping of fine-grained sediments in the following ways: (a) adherence of suspended sediments onto plants; (b) deposition of suspended sediments stimulated by attenuation of hydrodynamics through plant obstruction; and (c) prevention of resuspension of fine-grained deposits due to the protection of the plant canopy. The influence of vegetation on sediment grain size was clearly seen when comparing sediment trapped by different vegetation types and seasonal patterns of trapped sediment on different vegetation canopy densities. The relatively high plant biomass of the recently introduced Spartina alterniflora enhanced the trapping effect, whereas plant degradation due to buffalo grazing reduced the trapping effect. We conclude that for exposed tidal wetlands with ample sediment supply such as the Yangtze Delta, the spatial and temporal variability of sediment grain size is governed predominantly by physical controls on the unvegetated flat and predominantly by biophysical interaction of hydrodynamics and vegetation in the salt marsh, rather than by sediment supply.", "keywords": ["grain size", "salt marsh", "0106 biological sciences", "sediment", "13. Climate action", "Yangtze (Changjiang) Delta", "15. Life on land", "deposition", "01 natural sciences", "tidal wetland", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shilun Yang, Weiguo Zhang, Pingxing Ding, Ya Wang, Ming Li, P. Li, T.J. Ysebaert, Tjeerd J. Bouma, H. Li,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-03", "title": "Disturbance-Diversity Relationships For Soil Fauna Are Explained By Faunal Community Biomass In A Salt Marsh", "description": "Disturbance-diversity relationships have long been studied in ecology with a unimodal relationship as the key prediction. Although this relationship has been widely contested, it is rarely tested for soil invertebrate fauna, an important component of terrestrial biodiversity. We tested disturbance-diversity relationships for soil meso- and macrofauna in a salt marsh where periodic sea water inundation and cattle grazing occur as stressors. We hypothesized a unimodal inundation frequency-diversity relationship, whereas we expected grazing to overrule the effects of inundation frequency due to its large effects on the habitat of soil fauna. We found a negative relationship between inundation frequency and diversity at the ungrazed sites and no relationship at the grazed sites. Moreover, we found a negative relationship between community biomass and diversity for soil fauna that may have caused this negative disturbance-diversity relationship. Community biomass at the intermediate inundation frequency increased due to the dominance of Orchestia gammarellus (a macro-detritivore species), which could exploit low quality litters at the ungrazed sites. We highlight that the negative relationship between faunal community biomass and faunal diversity may influence disturbance-diversity relationships and illustrate that total biomass distribution of feeding guilds of soil fauna can improve our understanding of the soil fauna response to stressors in salt marshes. \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["COLLEMBOLA", "DYNAMICS", "0106 biological sciences", "Salt marsh", "productivity", "Feeding guilds", "SUCCESSION", "COMPETITION", "01 natural sciences", "COEXISTENCE", "RICHNESS", "patterns", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "14. Life underwater", "Orchestia gammarellus", "INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE", "Intermediate disturbance hypothesis", "PRODUCTIVITY", "coexistence", "SPECIES-DIVERSITY", "collembola", "Soil invertebrate fauna", "dynamics", "intermediate disturbance", "15. Life on land", "succession", "species-diversity", "PATTERNS", "competition", "richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-020-15622-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-05", "title": "Sustained fluvial deposition recorded in Mars\u2019 Noachian stratigraphic record", "description": "Abstract

Orbital observation has revealed a rich record of fluvial landforms on Mars, with much of this record dating 3.6\uffe2\uff80\uff933.0 Ga. Despite widespread geomorphic evidence, few analyses of Mars\uffe2\uff80\uff99 alluvial sedimentary-stratigraphic record exist, with detailed studies of alluvium largely limited to smaller sand-bodies amenable to study in-situ by rovers. These typically metre-scale outcrop dimensions have prevented interpretation of larger scale channel-morphology and long-term basin evolution, vital for understanding the past Martian climate. Here we give an interpretation of a large sedimentary succession at Izola mensa within the NW Hellas Basin rim. The succession comprises channel and barform packages which together demonstrate that river deposition was already well established >3.7 Ga. The deposits mirror terrestrial analogues subject to low-peak discharge variation, implying that river deposition at Izola was subject to sustained, potentially perennial, fluvial flow. Such conditions would require an environment capable of maintaining large volumes of water for extensive time-periods, necessitating a precipitation-driven hydrological cycle.

", "keywords": ["550", "Science", "General Biochemistry", "Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Q", "500", "General Physics and Astronomy", "Geomorphology", "General Chemistry", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "12. Responsible consumption", "Sedimentology", " Stratigraphy", " Fluvial Deposits", " Mars", " Sedimentary Deposits", "[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "13. Climate action", "Inner planets", "[SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://oro.open.ac.uk/70442/1/70442.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15622-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15622-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-020-15622-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-020-15622-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-020-15622-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2022je007190", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-25", "title": "InSight Pressure Data Recalibration, and Its Application to the Study of Long-Term Pressure Changes on Mars", "description": "Abstract

Observations of the South Polar Residual Cap suggest a possible erosion of the cap, leading to an increase of the global mass of the atmosphere. We test this assumption by making the first comparison between Viking 1 and InSight surface pressure data, which were recorded 40\uffc2\uffa0years apart. Such a comparison also allows us to determine changes in the dynamics of the seasonal ice caps between these two periods. To do so, we first had to recalibrate the InSight pressure data because of their unexpected sensitivity to the sensor temperature. Then, we had to design a procedure to compare distant pressure measurements. We propose two surface pressure interpolation methods at the local and global scale to do the comparison. The comparison of Viking and InSight seasonal surface pressure variations does not show changes larger than \uffc2\uffb18\uffc2\uffa0Pa in the CO2 cycle. Such conclusions are supported by an analysis of Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) pressure data. Further comparisons with images of the south seasonal cap taken by the Viking 2 orbiter and MARCI camera do not display significant changes in the dynamics of this cap over a 40\uffc2\uffa0year period. Only a possible larger extension of the North Cap after the global storm of MY 34 is observed, but the physical mechanisms behind this anomaly are not well determined. Finally, the first comparison of MSL and InSight pressure data suggests a pressure deficit at Gale crater during southern summer, possibly resulting from a large presence of dust suspended within the crater.

", "keywords": ["Atmospheric sciences", "550", "Astronomy", "Atmosphere (unit)", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "Library science", "Oceanography", "01 natural sciences", "CO2 ice", "pressure", "Mars Exploration Program", "Engineering", "Surface pressure", "Storm", "Martian Climate", "Space Suit Design and Ergonomics for EVA", "Martian Atmosphere", "Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)", "Climatology", "Global and Planetary Change", "Geography", "Martian Surface", "Physics", "Geology", "Impact crater", "Condensed matter physics", "Anomaly (physics)", "World Wide Web", "Algorithm", "Satellite Observations", "Residual", "Physical Sciences", "Exploration and Study of Mars", "Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics", "Research Article", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Mars", "Aerospace Engineering", "Pressure gradient", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "atmospheric mass", "Meteorology", "Orbiter", "0103 physical sciences", "Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)", "Formation and Evolution of the Solar System", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Pressure system", "CO 2 ice", "Astronomy and Astrophysics", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Astrobiology", "Computer science", "Physics and Astronomy", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts", "Environmental Science", "cap sublimation", "Water on Mars", "Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JE007190"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2022je007190"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Planets", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2022je007190", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2022je007190", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2022je007190"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1009727804007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-22", "description": "

Micropatterns induced by sheep grazing, were studied in three consecutive years in a Festuca rubra-dominated salt marsh in a grazing trial with five different stocking rates (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 10 sheep ha(-1)). The micropatterns were formed by a mosaic of short and tall F. rubra stands on a scale of square decimeters. Permanent transects of 2 m x 10 m were used to study the stability of these patterns, and to analyze interactions between the vegetation, the marsh elevation and the sheep. Micropatterns occurred only in the lightly to moderately grazed paddocks (1.5-4.5 sheep ha(-1)) with the highest spatial diversity in the 3 sheep ha(-1) transect. When grazing was excluded, micropatterns did not develop; nor did they develop in the traditionally and most intensively grazed paddock (10 sheep ha(-1)). Detailed observations in one year showed that crude-protein content did not differ between green leaves from the short and tall stands, whereas in vitro digestibility was slightly higher in the short stands. In the same year, tiller density and length of full-grown leaves increased substantially in both stands from May to September. At the same time, sheep preference shifted from tall to short stands, which suggests an interplay between intake rate and digestibility in the sheep selectivity.

Seven years after establishment of the grazing trial, the 10 sheep ha(-1) transect still showed a smooth relief typical of the starting point of the other transects. These transects developed a more hummocky topography, with the highest spatial diversity occurring on the 1.5 sheep ha(-1) transect. Marsh elevations were on average up to 3 cm lower in the short than in the tall stands, which indicates that the somewhat lower-elevated patches were grazed more intensively than the higher-elevated patches.

In most cases, micropatterns changed from one year to the other, probably due to weather fluctuations. The incidence of tall stands was influenced by the rainfall balance. If the incidences of both the short and the tall stands were around 50%, however, the micropatterns showed a clear correlation with the marsh elevation. The rainfall balance seemed therefore a decisive factor for a possible correspondence between micropatterns in two consecutive years. Elevation differences were so subtle that greater than average sedimentation during a winter season could change the elevation pattern. Hence both rainfall balance and winter sedimentation counteracted the stability of the micropatterns. During our three-year study period, micropatterns were only stable in one out of six possible paired comparisons. This low micropattern stability contrasts with other studies in inland environments, which shows that in more dynamic environments, abiotic processes are likely to overrule summer grazing in determining vegetation patterns.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Festuca rubra", "GRASSLAND", "GEESE", "CATTLE", "grazing pattern", "AFFECTING DIET SELECTION", "micropattern", "15. Life on land", "BIOMASS", "GRASSES", "salt marsh", "herbivore selectivity", "PATCH CHOICE", "sheep grazing", "EARLY ESTABLISHMENT", "COMMUNITIES", "GERMINATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009727804007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1009727804007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1009727804007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1009727804007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2018JE005899", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-09", "title": "Initiation and Flow Conditions of Contemporary Flows in Martian Gullies", "description": "

<p>Understanding the initial and flow conditions of contemporary flows in Martian gullies, generally believed to be triggered and fluidized by CO<sub>2</sub> sublimation, is crucial for deciphering climate conditions needed to trigger and sustain them. We employ the RAMMS (RApid Mass Movement Simulation) debris flow and avalanche model to back-calculate initial and flow conditions of recent flows in three gullies in Hale crater. We infer minimum release depths of 1.0–1.5 m and initial release volumes of 100–200 m<sup>3</sup>. Entrainment leads to final flow volumes that are 2.5–5.5 times larger than initially released, and entrainment is found necessary to match the observed flow deposits. Simulated mean cross-channel flow velocities decrease from 3–4 m s<sup>-1</sup> to ~1 m s<sup>-1</sup> from release area to flow terminus, while flow depths generally decrease from 0.5–1 m to 0.1–0.2 m. The mean cross-channel erosion depth and deposition thicknesses are _0.1–0.3 m. Back-calculated dry-Coulomb friction ranges from 0.1 to 0.25 and viscous turbulent friction between 100–200 m s<sup>-2</sup>, which are values similar to those of granular debris flows on Earth. These results suggest that recent flows in gullies are fluidized to a similar degree as are granular debris flows on Earth. Using a novel model for mass-flow fluidization by CO<sub>2</sub> sublimation we are able to show that under Martian atmospheric conditions very small volumetric fractions of CO<sub>2</sub> of ~1% within mass flows may indeed yield sufficiently large gas fluxes to cause fluidization and enhance flow mobility.</p>

", "keywords": ["Atmospheric Science", "550", "[SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Soil Science", "Mars", "Hale crater", "02 engineering and technology", "Aquatic Science", "carbon dioxide; gullies; Hale crater; Mars; modeling; RAMMS", "551", "Oceanography", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Geochemistry and Petrology", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Research Articles", "Water Science and Technology", "Earth-Surface Processes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Ecology", "Palaeontology", "carbon dioxide", "Forestry", "modeling", "RAMMS", "Geophysics", "Space and Planetary Science", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "gullies"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://dro.dur.ac.uk/28802/1/28802.pdf"}, {"href": "http://dro.dur.ac.uk/28802/2/28802.pdf"}, {"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JE005899"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JE005899"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Planets", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2018JE005899", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2018JE005899", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2018JE005899"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2018je005802", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-22", "title": "Geological Evidence of Planet\u2010Wide Groundwater System on Mars", "description": "Abstract

The scale of groundwater upwelling on Mars, as well as its relation to sedimentary systems, remains an ongoing debate. Several deep craters (basins) in the northern equatorial regions show compelling signs that large amounts of water once existed on Mars at a planet\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide scale. The presence of water\uffe2\uff80\uff90formed features, including fluvial Gilbert and sapping deltas fed by sapping valleys, constitute strong evidence of groundwater upwelling resulting in long term standing bodies of water inside the basins. Terrestrial field evidence shows that sapping valleys can occur in basalt bedrock and not only in unconsolidated sediments. A hypothesis that considers the elevation differences between the observed morphologies and the assumed basal groundwater level is presented and described as the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cdike\uffe2\uff80\uff90confined water\uffe2\uff80\uff9d model, already present on Earth and introduced for the first time in the Martian geological literature. Only the deepest basins considered in this study, those with bases deeper than \uffe2\uff88\uff924000\uffc2\uffa0m in elevation below the Mars datum, intercepted the water\uffe2\uff80\uff90saturated zone and exhibit evidence of groundwater fluctuations. The discovery of these groundwater discharge sites on a planet\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide scale strongly suggests a link between the putative Martian ocean and various configurations of sedimentary deposits that were formed as a result of groundwater fluctuations during the Hesperian period. This newly recognized evidence of water\uffe2\uff80\uff90formed features significantly increases the chance that biosignatures could be buried in the sediment. These deep basins (groundwater\uffe2\uff80\uff90fed lakes) will be of interest to future exploration missions as they might provide evidence of geological conditions suitable for life.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0103 physical sciences", "Gilbert Delta; Mars; groundwater; lakes; sapping valley; sedimentology.", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Research Articles", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ricerca.unich.it/bitstream/11564/702001/1/Salese_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Planets-print.pdf"}, {"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JE005802"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018je005802"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Planets", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2018je005802", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2018je005802", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2018je005802"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-17", "title": "Spartina alterniflora has the highest methane emissions in a St. Lawrence estuary salt marsh", "description": "Abstract

Salt marshes have the ability to store large amounts of \uffe2\uff80\uff98blue carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff99, potentially mitigating some of the effects of climate change. Salt marsh carbon storage may be partially offset by emissions of CH4, a highly potent greenhouse gas. Sea level rise and invasive vegetation may cause shifts between different elevation and vegetation zones in salt marsh ecosystems. Elevation zones have distinct soil properties, plant traits and rhizosphere characteristics, which affect CH4 fluxes. We investigated differences in CH4 emissions between four elevation zones (mudflat, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens and invasive Phragmites australis) typical of salt marshes in the northern Northwest Atlantic. CH4 emissions were significantly higher from the S. alterniflora zone (17.7 \uffc2\uffb1 9.7 mg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) compared to the other three zones, where emissions were negligible (<0.3 mg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922h\uffe2\uff88\uff921). These emissions were high for salt marshes and were similar to those typically found in oligohaline marshes with lower salinities. CH4 fluxes were significantly correlated with soil properties (salinity, water table depth, bulk density and temperature), plant traits (rhizome volume and biomass, root volume and dead biomass volume all at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) and CO2 fluxes. The relationships between CH4 emissions, and rhizome and root volume suggest that the aerenchyma tissues in these plants may be a major transport mechanism of CH4 from anoxic soils to the atmosphere. This may have major implications for the mitigation potential carbon sink from salt marshes globally, especially as S. alterniflora is widespread. This study shows CH4 fluxes can vary over orders of magnitude from different vegetation in the same system, therefore, specific emissions factors may need to be used in future climate models and for more accurate carbon budgeting depending on vegetation type.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "salt marsh", " methane", " elevation zone", " spartina alterniflora", " spartina patens", " mudflat", " phragmites australis", " quebec", " st lawrence river", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%3A%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-29", "title": "Fluvial Regimes, Morphometry, and Age of Jezero Crater Paleolake Inlet Valleys and Their Exobiological Significance for the 2020 Rover Mission Landing Site", "description": "Jezero crater has been selected as the landing site for the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, because it contains a paleolake with two fan-deltas, inlet and outlet valleys. Using the data from the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) and the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), we conducted a quantitative geomorphological study of the inlet valleys of the Jezero paleolake. Results show that the strongest erosion is related to a network of deep valleys that cut into the highland bedrock well upstream of the Jezero crater and likely formed before the formation of the regional olivine-rich unit. In contrast, the lower sections of valleys display poor bedrock erosion and a lack of tributaries but are characterized by the presence of pristine landforms interpreted as fluvial bars from preserved channels, the discharge rates of which have been estimated at 103-104 m3s-1. The valleys' lower sections postdate the olivine-rich unit, are linked directly to the fan-deltas, and are thus formed in an energetic, late stage of activity. Although a Late Noachian age for the fan-deltas' formation is not excluded based on crosscutting relationships and crater counts, this indicates evidence of a Hesperian age with significant implications for exobiology.", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "550", "landing site", "Extraterrestrial Environment", "Datasets as Topic", "Magnesium Compounds", "Mars", "01 natural sciences", "HRSC", "HiRISE", "[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Taverne", "Exobiology", "0103 physical sciences", "Perseverance rover", "Off-Road Motor Vehicles", "Spacecraft", "fluvial landforms", "Fluvial deposits", " Sedimentology", " Landing site", " Mars", " Perseverance rover", "", "Landing site", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Silicates", "500", "15. Life on land", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Fluvial landforms", "Lakes", "Space and Planetary Science", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Iron Compounds"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Astrobiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "name": "item", "description": "10.1089/ast.2019.2132", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1089/ast.2019.2132"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1089/ast.2020.2228", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-21", "title": "Estimated Minimum Life Span of the Jezero Fluvial Delta (Mars)", "description": "The paleo-lake floor at the edge of the Jezero delta has been selected as the NASA 2020 rover landing site. In this article, we demonstrate the sequences of lake filling and delta formation and constrain the minimum life span of the Jezero paleo-lake from sedimentological and hydrological analyses. Two main phases of delta evolution can be recognized by utilizing imagery provided by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter) and High Resolution Stereo Camera (ESA Mars Express): (1) basin infilling before the breaching of the Jezero rim and (2) the delta formation itself. Our results suggest that delta formation occurred over a minimum period of 90-550 years of hydrological activity. Breaching of the Jezero rim occurred in at least three distinct episodes, which spanned a far longer time-period than overall delta formation. This evolutionary history implies that the Jezero-lake floor would have been a haven for fine-grained sediment accumulation and hosted an active environment of significant astrobiological importance.", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "Evolution", " Chemical", "550", "Extraterrestrial Environment", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Mars", "Neretva Vallis", "15. Life on land", "Jezero fan-delta", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)", "01 natural sciences", "Fluvial activity", "Lake", "Lakes", "[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Space and Planetary Science", "13. Climate action", "Taverne", "Exobiology", "0103 physical sciences", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Sedimentology", " Fluvial activity", " Jezero fan-delta", " Lake", " Landing site", " Mars", " Neretva Vallis", "[SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology", "Landing site", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/ast.2020.2228"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2020.2228"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Astrobiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1089/ast.2020.2228", "name": "item", "description": "10.1089/ast.2020.2228", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1089/ast.2020.2228"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01037.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Using Functional Trajectories To Track Constructed Salt Marsh Development In The Great Bay Estuary, Maine/New Hampshire, Usa", "description": "Abstract

A growing number of studies have assessed the functional equivalency of restored and natural salt marshes. Several of these have explored the use of functional trajectories to track the increase in restored marsh function over time; however, these studies have disagreed as to the usefulness of such models in long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term predictions of restored marsh development. We compared indicators of four marsh functions (primary production, soil organic matter accumulation, sediment trapping, and maintenance of plant communities) in 6 restored and 11 reference (matched to restored marshes using principal components analysis) salt marshes in the Great Bay Estuary. The restored marshes were all constructed and planted on imported substrate and ranged in age from 1 to 14 years. We used marsh age in a space\uffe2\uff80\uff90for\uffe2\uff80\uff90time substitution to track constructed salt marsh development and explore the use of trajectories. A high degree of variability was observed among natural salt marsh sites, displaying the importance of carefully chosen reference sites. As expected, mean values for constructed site (n = 6) and reference site (n = 11) functions were significantly different. Using constructed marsh age as the independent variable and functional indicator values as dependent variables, nonlinear regression analyses produced several ecologically meaningful trajectories (r\uffe2\uff80\uff832> 0.9), demonstrating that the use of different\uffe2\uff80\uff90aged marshes can be a viable approach to developing functional trajectories. The trajectories illustrated that although indicators of some functions (primary production, sediment deposition, and plant species richness) may reach natural site values relatively quickly (<10 years), others (soil organic matter content) will take longer.

", "keywords": ["salt marsh", "0106 biological sciences", "restoration", "trajectory", "functional equivalency", "creation", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "wetland"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Morgan, Pamela A., Short, Frederick T.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01037.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Restoration%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01037.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01037.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01037.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-08-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-26", "title": "The Impact Of Sheep Grazing On Net Nitrogen Mineralization Rate In Two Temperate Salt Marshes", "description": "

Abstract: Nitrogen mineralization rate was studied in grazing trials with three different stocking rates (0, 3, 10 sheep ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901) in two man\uffe2\uff80\uff90made salt marshes, viz. a Puccinellia maritima\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated low salt marsh and a high salt marsh dominated by Festuca rubra. Mineralization rates were derived from the amounts of mineral N which accumulated in situ during six\uffe2\uff80\uff90week incubation periods in tubes containing undisturbed soil cores from the upper 10 cm soil layer. The annual rates of net N mineralization were significantly higher in the better drained, high salt marsh (71 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 81 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901) than in the low salt marsh (39 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 49 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901). High amounts of belowground litter accumulated in the low salt marsh due to frequent water logging. Both N mineralization and nitrification rate were negatively correlated with soil water content. In the Puccinellia maritima salt marsh, grazing had neither an effect on N mineralization rates during any of the incubation periods nor on annual mineralization rates. In the Festuca rubra salt marsh, N mineralization rates increased earlier during spring at the intensively grazed site than at the moderately grazed and the ungrazed site. N mineralization and nitrification rates were significantly higher at the ungrazed site than at the intensively grazed site during the period of peak net N mineralization from the end of April until mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90June. Although sheep grazing affected the seasonal pattern of N mineralization in the high marsh, grazing did not affect the annual rate of net N mineralization.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "LIMITATION", "seasonality", "SUCCESSION", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "15. Life on land", "grazing experiment", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "salt marsh", "zonation", "PSEUDOREPLICATION", "vegetation", "PLANT-GROWTH", "HERBIVORES", "ECOSYSTEM", "VEGETATION", "nitrogen mineralization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "name": "item", "description": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-24", "title": "Large Herbivores Change The Direction Of Interactions Within Plant Communities Along A Salt Marsh Stress Gradient", "description": "AbstractQuestion

How multiple abiotic stress factors combined with herbivory affect interactions within plant communities is poorly understood. We ask how large herbivore grazing affects the direction of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interactions along an environmental gradient in a salt marsh.

Location

Grazed (cattle) and ungrazed salt marshes of the Dutch Wadden Sea island Schiermonnikoog. Here, patches of tall plant communities, dominated by the tough, unpalatable species Juncus maritimus Lam., are found alternating with low\uffe2\uff80\uff90statured, intensively grazed plant communities.

Methods

Along the inundation gradient, we measured plant species composition and plant species traits (specific leaf area, specific root length, maximum height and abundance) inside and outside J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus patches in grazed and ungrazed areas. In addition, we measured soil structure parameters (bulk density, soil porosity, clay depth), multiple limiting conditions for plant growth (soil salinity, soil redox, plant canopy light interception), plant biomass, presence of herbivores and abundance of soil macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivores.

Results

Under grazing, the palatable grasses Elytrigia atherica (Link) Kergu\uffc3\uffa9len and Festuca rubra L. were positively associated with J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus, while shade\uffe2\uff80\uff90intolerant Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl. and Juncus gerardii\uffc2\uffa0 Loisel. were negatively associated with this species. Furthermore, macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivore presence was higher inside J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus patches. In ungrazed areas E.\uffc2\uffa0atherica and F.\uffc2\uffa0rubra were negatively associated with J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus, while P.\uffc2\uffa0maritima and J.\uffc2\uffa0gerardii were rare. In both grazed and ungrazed conditions the directions of species associations were independent of the inundation gradient. Analysis of species traits and abiotic conditions suggested that associational resistance (a facilitation type) was important in grazed areas. In ungrazed areas, light competition was the likely dominant process.

Conclusions

The direction of species associations within these salt marsh communities was strongly affected by grazing, not by the underlying stress gradient. Measurement of species traits indicated that plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interactions shifted from competitive to facilitative under grazing. Besides grazing, cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90trophic facilitation of soil disturbing macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivores may play an important \uffe2\uff80\uff93 thus far ignored \uffe2\uff80\uff93 role in structuring plant communities.

", "keywords": ["Plant traits", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Salt marsh", "Macro-detritivores", "SUCCESSION", "Stress gradient hypothesis", "PREDICTIONS", "COMPETITION", "HALOPHYTES", "15. Life on land", "ALKALI GRASSLANDS", "FACILITATION", "01 natural sciences", "POSITIVE SPECIES INTERACTIONS", "Grazing", "Plant-plant interactions", "FUNCTIONAL TRAITS", "Trampling", "Orchestia gammarellus Pallas. 1766", "BIOTURBATION", "Facilitation", "Juncus maritimus Lam.", "VEGETATION", "Multiple stressors"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12317"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/jvs.12317"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12176", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-04", "title": "Impact Of Cattle Grazing On Temperate Coastal Salt Marsh Soils", "description": "Abstract

Over the last two decades, grazing intensity has increased in the temperate salt marshes of Samboromb\uffc3\uffb3n Bay (Argentina) due to agricultural expansion and the displacement of domestic livestock to these areas. We investigated the effect of cattle grazing on soil chemical and physical properties in the higher (HE), medium (ME) and lower (LE) elevation levels of this temperate salt marsh. Soil data were collected from both a National Park, where cattle grazing has been excluded for more than 35\uffc2\uffa0yrs, and an adjacent commercial livestock farm continuously grazed by cattle. We found that soil salinity was greater on the grazed than on the ungrazed sites, especially those in theMEandLE. This could be related to the upward flow of salts from the saline groundwater, driven by the increase in the proportion of bare soil on grazed sites. The increase in soil salinity changed the plant community structure through the increase of salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90palatable species and the decrease of palatable species. Soil physical variables (soil bulk density and soil bearing capacity) were also higher on the grazed than on the ungrazed sites, which can be related to the decrease in soil organic matter (SOM), and suggest an incipient compaction process; however, the values were still lower than those considered critical for plant growth in clay soils. These results suggest that continuous grazing management in this temperate salt marsh might have negative consequences for animal production and ecosystem conservation, mainly related to the increased soil salinity. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the suitability of switching to intermittent grazing management.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Salinity", "Bearing Capacity", "Compaction", "Cattle Grazing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.5", "13. Climate action", "Salt Marsh Soils", "Soil Bulk Density", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "14. Life underwater"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12176"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12176", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12176", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12176"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/08-0172.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-17", "title": "Effects Of Warming And Altered Precipitation On Plant And Nutrient Dynamics Of A New England Salt Marsh", "description": "

Salt marsh structure and function, and consequently ability to support a range of species and to provide ecosystem services, may be affected by climate change. To better understand how salt marshes will respond to warming and associated shifts in precipitation, we conducted a manipulative experiment in a tidal salt marsh in Massachusetts, USA. We exposed two plant communities (one dominated by Spartina patens\uffe2\uff80\uff93Distichlis spicata and one dominated by short form Spartina alterniflora) to five climate manipulations: warming via passive open\uffe2\uff80\uff90topped chambers, doubled precipitation, warming and doubled precipitation, extreme drought via rainout shelter, and ambient conditions. Modest daytime warming increased total aboveground biomass of the S. alterniflora community (24%), but not the S. patens\uffe2\uff80\uff93D. spicata community. Warming also increased maximum stem heights of S. alterniflora (8%), S. patens (8%), and D. spicata (15%). Decomposition was marginally accelerated by warming in the S. alterniflora community. Drought markedly increased total biomass of the S. alterniflora community (53%) and live S. patens (69%), perhaps by alleviating waterlogging of sediments. Decomposition was accelerated by increased precipitation and slowed by drought, particularly in the S. patens\uffe2\uff80\uff93D. spicata community. Flowering phenology responded minimally to the treatments, and pore water salinity, sulfide, ammonium, and phosphate concentrations showed no treatment effects in either plant community. Our results suggest that these salt marsh communities may be resilient to modest amounts of warming and large changes in precipitation. If production increases under climate change, marshes will have a greater ability to keep pace with sea\uffe2\uff80\uff90level rise, although an increase in decomposition could offset this. As long as marshes are not inundated by flooding due to sea\uffe2\uff80\uff90level rise, increases in aboveground biomass and stem heights suggest that marshes may continue to export carbon and nutrients to coastal waters and may be able to increase their carbon storage capability by increasing plant growth under future climate conditions.

", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "Spartina patens", "Time Factors", "open-topped chamber", "Light", "Rain", "Plant Development", "Distichlis spicata", "Sodium Chloride", "01 natural sciences", "Spartina alterniflora", "Distichlis spicata;", "Spartina alterniflora;", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "Temperature", "Water", "nutrient cycling", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Circadian Rhythm", "salt marsh", "climate change", "Massachusetts", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "altered precipitation", "ecosystem services"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0172.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/08-0172.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/08-0172.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/08-0172.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx9nx", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:33Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-12-26", "title": "Data from: Promoting success in thin layer sediment placement: effects of sediment grain size and amendments on salt marsh plant growth and greenhouse gas exchange", "description": "unspecifiedThin layer sediment placement (TLP) is a method to mitigate factors resulting in loss of elevation and severe alteration of hydrology, such as sea level rise and anthropogenic modifications, and prolong the lifespan of drowning salt marshes. However, TLP success may vary due to plant stress associated with reductions in nutrient availability and hydrologic flushing or through the creation of acid sulfate soils. This study examined the influence of sediment grain size and soil amendments on plant growth, soil and porewater characteristics, and greenhouse gas exchange for three key US salt marsh plants: Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, and Salicornia pacifica. We found that bioavailable nitrogen concentrations (measured as extractable NH4+-N) and porewater pH and salinity were found to have an inverse relationship with grain size, while soil redox was more reducing in finer sediments. This suggests that utilizing finer sediments in TLP projects will result in a more reduced environment with higher nutrient availability, while larger grain-sized sediments will be better flushed and oxidized. We further found that grain size had a significant effect on vegetation biomass allocation and rates of gas exchange, although these effects were species-specific. We found that soil amendments (biochar and compost) did not subsidize plant growth but were associated with increases in soil respiration and methane emissions. Biochar amendments were additionally ineffective in ameliorating acid sulfate conditions. This study uncovers complex interactions between sediment type and vegetation, emphasizing limitations of soil amendments. The findings aid restoration project managers in making informed decisions regarding sediment type, target vegetation, and soil amendments for successful TLP projects.", "keywords": ["Salt marsh", "Greenhouse gases", "restoration", "soil amendment", "biochar", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Particle size distribution", "Sea level rise", "Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx9nx"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx9nx", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx9nx", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx9nx"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.1hn2b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:22Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Contrasting effects of nutrient enrichment on below-ground biomass in coastal wetlands", "description": "unspecifiedCoastal Wetland Belowground BiomassThese data were collected in the field in 2008 from a Sagittaria lancifolia L. dominated, oligohaline marsh located along the west bank of the Tchefuncte River, approximately 1 km north of Lake Pontchartrain, LA, USA (30\u00b0 23.205\u2019N, 90\u00b0 09.551\u2019 W). Two methods were used to estimate belowground biomass: the ingrowth method and the standing crop method. Abbreviated headings are as follows: 'Block' = statistical block; 'N' = nitrogen enrichment treatment (kg/ha/yr); 'P' = phosphorus enrichment treatment (kg/ha/yr); 'LRoot IG' = live root biomass in ingrowth cores (g/m2); 'LRhiz IG' = live rhizome biomass in ingrowth cores (g/m2); 'Live IG' = live root+rhizome biomass in ingrowth cores (g/m2); 'Dead IG' = dead root+rhizome biomass in ingrowth cores (g/m2); 'Total IG' = total live+dead biomass in ingrowth cores (g/m2); 'LRoot SC' = live root biomass in standing crop cores (g/m2); 'LRhiz SC' = live rhizome biomass in standing crop cores (g/m2); 'Live SC' = live root+rhizome biomass in standing crop cores (g/m2); 'Dead SC' = dead root+rhizome biomass in standing crop cores (g/m2); 'Total SC' = total live+dead biomass in standing crop cores (g/m2).Belowground Biomass.csv", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nutrient enrichment", "oligohaline marsh", "13. Climate action", "belowground biomass", "ingrowth method", "Phosphorus", "14. Life underwater", "standing crop method", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Graham, Sean A., Mendelssohn, Irving A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1hn2b"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.1hn2b", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.1hn2b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.1hn2b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.931zcrjtp", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:26Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-03", "title": "Carbon sequestration in intact rare ecosystems and their encroaching forests (Michigan, USA)", "description": "unspecifiedRising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are impacting global temperatures, ecological systems, and human societies. Natural carbon sequestration through the conservation of soil and native ecosystems may slow or reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, and thus slow or mitigate the rate of global warming. Most of the research investigating carbon sequestration in natural systems occurs in forested ecosystems, however rare ecosystems such as coastal plain marshes and wet-mesic sand prairie collectively may serve as significant carbon sinks. Our objectives were to measure and assess the importance of carbon sequestration in three rare ecosystems (oak-pine barrens, coastal plain marsh, and wet-mesic sand prairie) in western Lower Michigan. We measured carbon in standing vegetation, dead organic matter, and soils within each ecosystem and adjacent encroaching forested areas. Driven by tree carbon, total carbon stocks in encroaching areas were greater than in intact rare ecosystems. Soil organic carbon was greater in all intact ecosystems, though only significantly so in coastal plain marsh.\u00a0 Principal components analysis explained 72% of the variation and revealed differences between intact ecosystems and their encroaching areas. Linear models using the ratio of red to green light reflectance successfully predicted SOC in intact coastal plain marsh and wet-mesic sand prairie. Our results infer the importance of these rare ecosystems in sequestering carbon in soils and support the need to establish federal or state management practices for the conservation of these systems.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "rare ecosystems", "coastal plain marsh", "Climate change", "oak-pine barrens", "FOS: Natural sciences", "wet-mesic sand prairie"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Woller-Skar, Meg, Locher, Alexandra, Audia, Ellen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.931zcrjtp"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.931zcrjtp", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.931zcrjtp", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.931zcrjtp"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:29Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Patterns and determinants of plant-derived lignin phenols in coastal wetlands: implications for organic C accumulation", "description": "unspecifiedPlease see the README document\u00a0\u00a0('Lignin_content_and_monomer_composition.csv', 'Site_location.csv', 'Soil_organic_carbon_content.csv', 'Soil_properties.csv', 'Vegetation_and_climate.csv') and the accompanying published article: Shaopan Xia, Zhaoliang Song, Weiqi Wang, Yaran Fan, Laodong Guo, Lukas Van Zwieten, Iain P. Hartley, Yin Fang, Yidong Wang, Zhenqing Zhang, Cong-Qiang Liu, and Hailong Wang. 2023. Patterns and determinants of plant-derived lignin phenols in coastal wetlands: implications for organic C accumulation. Functional Ecology. Accepted. DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8", "keywords": ["lignin biomarker", "salt marsh and mangrove", "13. Climate action", "plant-soil Interactions", "blue carbon", "organic C source apportionment", "14. Life underwater", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Song, Zhaoliang, Xia, Shaopan, Wang, Weiqi, Fan, Yaran, Guo, Laodong, Van Zwieten, Lukas, Hartley, Iain P., Fang, Yin, Wang, Yidong, Zhang, Zhenqing, Liu, Cong-Qiang, Wang, Hailong,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xk8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqmv", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-12-04", "title": "Effects of plant traits and ecosystem properties on wave attenuation and soil carbon content", "description": "unspecifiedMicrosoft Excel", "keywords": ["soil organic carbon", "Tidal marshes", "13. Climate action", "plant traits", "FOS: Biological sciences", "ecosystem properties", "estuarine vegetation", "15. Life on land", "ecosystem services", "wave attenuation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Schulte Ostermann, Tilla, Heuner, Maike, Fuchs, Elmar, Temmerman, Stijn, Schoutens, Ken, Bouma, Tjeerd J., Minden, Vanessa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqmv"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqmv", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqmv", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqmv"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6500189", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:23:21Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Methane fluxes from four elevation zones in a St. Lawrence Estuary salt marsh", "description": "Dataset used in Spartina alterniflora has the highest methane emissions in a St. Lawrence estuary salt marsh - IOPscience. The dataset contains methane fluxes calculated from gas measurements taken over a 40 or 60 minute period using a dark static chamber method. Methane fluxes were measured at six locations in four elevation zones of a northern salt marsh on the St. Lawrence River estuary at La Pocati\u00e8re, Quebec (47\u00b022'24.7'N 70\u00b003'26.3'W). Additional environmental data was collected including carbon dioxide fluxes, extractable soil nitrate, extractable soil ammonium, extractable soil dissolved organic carbon, extractable soil total dissolved nitrogen, salinity, temperature, water table depth, soil total organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, soil organic carbon to nitrogen ratio and bulk density. Soil cores were collected from 0-15 cm and used for extractable nutrient analysis, bulk density and soil organic carbon and nitrogen analysis. The work was carried out with funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 838296, a NSERC Discovery Grant and a Natural Environment Research Council grant number (NE/T012323/1). This dataset is used in a publication entitled Spartina alterniflora has the highest methane emissions in a St. Lawrence Estuary salt marsh in Environmental Research: Ecology (https://doi.org/10.1088/2752- 664X/ac706a), which also contains more details on fieldsite and methodology. Gas samples were collected from dark, static chambers (18L, 26 cm diameter), which were placed onto pre-inserted collars in the vegetated zones (inserted to 2.5 cm, 3 days prior to sampling) or placed directly onto the mudflat. The chambers were insulated and fitted with fans and venting tubes. Gas samples were collected on the 23rd August 2020 from all sites, soil cores were collected between the 24-25th August 2020 and the 19-20th September 2020. Soil samples were collected at 0-15 cm using a 2.5 cm diameter dutch gouge corer. Soil temperature was measured at 10 cm depth using a soil thermometer, (\u00b0C, DeltaTrak 11050, Pleasanton, USA), salinity was measured in the laboratory using a portable ATC refractometer. Water table depth was measured using a PVC piezometer, a plastic pipe with tubing was inserted into the piezometer and blown into to determine water table depth through bubbling sound (cm). Soil cores were dried at 60 \u00b0C to constant weight and the dry weight over core volume used to calculate bulk density (g cm-3), soil was finely ground and analysed for total organic carbon and total nitrogen (%) using an Elemental Analyser (ThermoFinnigan Flash EA 1112 CN analyser, Carlo Erba, Milan, Italy) with an accuracy of \u00b15 % for N and \u00b11 % for C, and a limit of 171 detection of 0.05 % for both N and C. Extractable nitrate+nitrite (assumed to be nitrate) were analysed in soil extractant (2M KCl, 5:1 of extractant to soil) using a microplate reader and methods in Sims et al., 1995 (https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629509369298) with a limit of detection of 0.1 ppm and accuracy of \u00b15%. Extractable dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were analysed in soil extractant (ultrapure water 18.2 M\u03a9, 5:1 of extractant to soil) on a TOC/TDN analyser (TOC VCSn + TMN-1, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), with a 50 mg C l -1 standard resulting in an accuracy and precision of 3.0 and \u00b14.4 mg l-1, respectively. CH4 and CO2 concentrations were measured in the gas samples using a gas chromatograph (GC-14, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) fitted with a flame ionisation detector, CO2 was methanised to CH4 before analysis. Standards of CH4 (5.1 ppm) and CO2 (5000 ppm) resulted in an accuracy and precision of 6.6\u00b11.5 and 0.4 ppm, and 5324\u00b1324 and 78 ppm, respectively, for CH4 and CO2. Changes in gas concentration over time were converted to fluxes using a linear regression of the linear portion fo the flux and if fluxes were below the minimum detectable concentration difference (see https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003783), they were set to zero. Results from the experiments were entered into an Excel spreadsheet for ingestion into the Zenodo data repository.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "methane", " CH4", " salt marsh", " saltmarsh", " greenhouse gas fluxes", " carbon sequestration", " elevation zones"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Comer-Warner, Sophie, Ullah, Sami, Ampuero Reyes, Wendy, Krause, Stefan, Chmura, Gail,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6500189"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6500189", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6500189", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6500189"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7625435", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:23:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Rates of greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) fluxes, denitrification-derived N2O and N2 fluxes and nitrification-derived N2O fluxes from salt marsh soils in Quebec, Canada and Louisiana, U.S. under ambient and elevated temperature and nutrient loading.", "description": "Dataset used in\u00a0Elevated temperature and nutrients lead to increased N2O emissions from salt marsh soils from cold and warm climates. The dataset contains fluxes calculated from headspace gas samples taken over a 24 hour period from intact soil cores, as well as corresponding environmental data. Intact soil cores (0-15 cm depth, 2.5 cm diameter) were taken at five sampling locations along a 20 m transect using a soil auger or piston corer. Samples were collected along a transect in four marsh sites in Quebec, Canada (La Pocati\u00e8re: 47\u00b022'24.7'N 70\u00b003'26.3'W) and Louisiana, U.S. (Barataria Basin: 29\u00b033'47.3'N 90\u00b004'22.8'W and 29\u00b029'52.2'N 89\u00b055'00.2'W) from two vegetation types (Sporobolus alterniflorus formerly known as Spartina alterniflora and Sporobolus pumilus formerly known as Spartina patens). In Quebec, the two vegetation zones were in the same marsh whereas in Louisiana two separate marshes, dominated by the relevant vegetation, were chosen. Soil samples were collected on the 20-21st July 2021 from Louisiana and the 9-10th August 2021 from Quebec. Environmental data was collected including in-situ soil temperature and salinity, and gravimetric soil moisture, extractable soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), extractable soil total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), extractable soil nitrate, extractable soil ammonium, extractable soil soluble reactive phosphate, soil total carbon, soil total nitrogen, soil carbon to nitrogen ratio, soil d13C and soil d15N determined from additional 0-15 cm core samples. This project has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement no. 838296, a NSERC Discovery Grant and a Natural Environment Research Council grant number (NE/T012323/1). Stable 15N tracers were added to the intact soil cores so that at each location, at each treatment level (ambient and elevated, described below), there was one core receiving no tracer for greenhouse gas fluxes, one core receiving 15N-NO3\u2011 for denitrification rates and one core receiving 15N-NH4+ for nitrification rates. The cores were incubated at ambient temperature (16 \u2103 and 28.1 \u2103 for Quebec and Louisiana, respectively) and nutrient concentrations (3.2 NO3-, 2.0 NH4+; 2.9 NO3-, 2.5 NH4+; 0.5 NO3-, 7.3 NH4+ and 5.7 NO3-, 2.8 NH4+ mg g wet soil-1 for Quebec S. alterniflorus, Quebec S. pumilus, Louisiana S. alterniflorus and Louisiana S. pumilus, respectively), and elevated temperature (ambient temperature +5 \u2103) and nutrient concentration (double ambient concentration). Gas samples were collected from the headspace of 0-15 cm intact cores in a 20 cm high PVC pipe, capped at the top and bottom to create a 5 cm headspace. Gas samples were analysed for greenhouse gases (GHGs: N2O, CH4, CO2) and 15N in denitrification-derived N2O, denitrification-derived N2 and nitrification-derived N\u00ad2O. Soil temperature (YSI 30, Baton Rouge, USA or DeltaTrak 11050, Pleasanton, USA) and porewater salinity (YSI 30, Baton Rouge, USA or portable ATC refractometer) were measured in-situ or in the laboratory using the portable refactometer.\u00a0Additional soil samples were used for multiple analyses; one subsample was extracted with ultrapure water (18.2 M\u03a9) for DOC and TDN analysis, one subsample was extracted with 2M KCl for NO3- and NH4+, one subsample was extracted with Olsen-P solution (0.5 M NaHCO3, pH 8.5), for soluble reactive phosphate analysis and one subsample was weighed and dried for soil moisture and then finely ground and analysed for total carbon, total nitrogen, d13C and d15N. N2O, CH4 and CO2 concentrations were measured in the gas samples using a gas chromatograph interfaced with a PAL3 autosampler\u00a0(Agilent 7890A, Agilent Technologies Ltd, USA) fitted with a flame ionisation detector (FID) for CH4 analysis and a micro electron capture detector (mECD) for N2O analysis. CO2 was methanised to CH4 before analysis on the FID. The instrument precision as the relative standard deviation was < 5 % for all of the gases, while the minimum detectable concentration difference (MDCD) was 9 ppb N2O, 72 ppb CH4 and 31 ppm CO2. Potential GHG fluxes were calculated from the linear portion or where the highest production was observed in the concentration-time series ( https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2003.2436). If fluxes were below the MDCD they were set to zero see\u00a0(https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003783). The 15N content of the N2 and N2O was determined using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Elementar Isoprime PrecisION; Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH, Hanau, Germany) coupled with a trace-gas pre-concentrator inlet with autosampler (isoFLOW GHG; Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH, Hanau, Germany), with a standard deviation of d15N < 0.05 %. Extractable dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were analysed in soil extractant (ultrapure water 18.2 M\u03a9, 7:1 of extractant to soil) on a TOC/TDN analyser (TOC VCSn +\u00a0TMN-1, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), with 50 mg C l-1 and 10 mg l-1 standards resulting in accuracy and precision of 0.3 and \u00b10.3 mg C l-1, and 0.5 and \u00b10.3 mg N l-1, respectively. Extractable nitrate+nitrite (assumed to be nitrate) and ammonium were analysed in soil extractant (2M KCl, 5:1 of extractant to soil) using a microplate reader and methods in Sims et al., 1995 (https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629509369298) with a limit of detection of 0.1 ppm and accuracy of \u00b15 %. Extractable phosphate was analysed in soil extractant (Olsen-P solution 0.5M NaHCO\u00ad3, pH 8.5, 10:1 of extractant to dry soil) using a microplate reader and methods in Jeannotte et al., 2004 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-004-0760-4) with a limit of detection of 1 mg P l-1 and accuracy of \u00b16 %. Soil total carbon, total nitrogen, d13C and d15N analysis was performed using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Elementar Isoprime PrecisION; Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH, Hanau, Germany) coupled with an elemental analyser (EA) inlet (vario PYRO cube; Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH, Hanau, Germany). The precision was < 5 % for both C and N and the precision as a standard deviation was < 0.06 % for both d13C and d15N. Results from the experiments were entered into an Excel spreadsheet for ingestion into the Zenodo data repository.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Salt marsh", "Canada", "Saltmarsh", "Nitrous oxide", "Spartina patens", "Temperature", "Sporobolus pumilus", "Nutrient loading", "Sporobolus alterniflorus", "15. Life on land", "Greenhouse gas", "Nitrification", "6. Clean water", "United States", "12. Responsible consumption", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Spartina alterniflora", "Methane", "Global change", "Nitrogen loading"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7625435"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7625435", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7625435", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7625435"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/IPZGLB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:20Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "What Happens After Phragmites Is Killed; Effect of Variable Tidal Flooding on Plant Growth and Carbon Allocation: A Marsh Organ Experiment", "description": "This dataset is from a mesocosm experiment where different native wetland species and the invasive species Phragmites australis were planted at different flooding levels in a tidal creek along the Rhode River, a subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay in Edgewater, Maryland. This dataset includes plant growth metrics (height, basal diameter, and stem counts), aboveground and belowground plant biomass, soil oxidation reduction potential, soil carbon, flooding levels, and salinity.", "keywords": ["native wetland planting; Phragmites; marsh elevation; flooding levels", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jacobson, Sylvia, Whigham, Dennis, Brooks, Hope, Baldwin, Andrew H., McCormick, Melissa, Kettenring, Karin, Buehl, Eric,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IPZGLB"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/IPZGLB", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/IPZGLB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/IPZGLB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/545765", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:25:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-01", "title": "Functional structure of plant communities along salinity gradients in Iranian salt marshes", "description": "Abstract

Salt marshes are unique habitats between sea or saline lakes and land that need to be conserved from the effects of global change. Understanding the variation in functional structure of plant community along environmental gradients is critical to predict the response of plant communities to ongoing environmental changes. We evaluated the changes in the functional structure of halophytic communities along soil gradients including salinity, in Iranian salt marshes; Lake Urmia, Lake Meyghan, Musa estuary, and Nayband Bay (Iran). We established 48 plots from 16 sites in four salt marshes and sampled 10 leaves per species to measure leaf functional traits. Five soil samples were sampled from each plot and 30 variables were analyzed. We examined the changes in the functional structure of plant communities (i.e., functional diversity [FD] and community weighted mean [CWM]) along local soil gradients using linear mixed effect models. Our results showed that FD and CWM of leaf thickness tended to increase with salinity, while those indices related to leaf shape decreased following soil potassium content. Our results suggest that the variations in functional structure of plant communities along local soil gradients reveal the effect of different ecological processes (e.g., niche differentiation related to the habitat heterogeneity) that drive the assembly of halophytic plant communities in SW Asian salt marshes.