{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-15", "title": "Effects Of The Absence Of Protozoa From Birth Or From Weaning On The Growth And Methane Production Of Lambs", "description": "

Merino ewes (n108) joined to a single sire were allocated into three flocks, with ewes in one flock being chemically defaunated in the second month of gestation. Single lambs born to defaunated ewes (BF lambs) were heavier at birth and at weaning than lambs born to faunated ewes (F lambs). After weaning, all BF and F lambs were individually housed then half of the F lambs were chemically defaunated (DF lambs). In trial 1, BF, DF and F lambs were offered a concentrate-based diet containing either 14 or 19\uffc2\uffa0% protein for a 10-week period. Wool growth rate of BF lambs was 10\uffc2\uffa0% higher than that of DF or F lambs and was increased 9\uffc2\uffa0% by the high-protein diet. While there was no main effect of protozoa treatment on enteric methane production, there was an interaction between protozoa treatment and diet for methane production. BF and DF lambs produced more methane than F lambs when fed the low-protein diet but when fed the high-protein diet, emissions were less than (BF lambs) or not different from (DF lambs) emissions from F lambs. In trial 2, lambs were offered 800\uffc2\uffa0g roughage per d and, again, methane production was not affected by the presence of protozoa in the rumen. The data indicate that while lambs without rumen protozoa have greater protein availability than do faunated ruminants, there is no main effect of rumen protozoa on enteric methane production by lambs fed either a concentrate or roughage diet.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "Wool", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Eukaryota", "Growth", "Weaning", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms", "Animals", " Newborn", "Fermentation", "Animals", "Birth Weight", "Female", "Methane", "Sheep", " Domestic"], "contacts": [{"organization": "B. A. Vanselow, Roger Hegarty, S. H. Bird, R. Woodgate,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508981435"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/British%20Journal%20of%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0007114508981435", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0007114508981435"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-024-51398-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:18:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-13", "title": "Insights into the ecology of the infant gut plasmidome", "description": "Plasmids are small DNA molecules that enable bacteria to share beneficial traits, influencing microbial communities. However, their role within the human gut microbiome remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the gut microbiomes of 34 mother-child cohorts, employing a plasmid analysis workflow to understand the impact of plasmids on the gut microbiome. We create a plasmid phylogenetic tree, devise a method for assigning plasmid hosts, and examine potential plasmid transfer networks. Our research discovers a wide variety of previously unidentified plasmid sequences, indicating that current databases do not fully represent the gut plasmidome. Interestingly, infants display greater plasmid diversity compared to mothers and other healthy adults. We find that Bacteroidota, a major bacterial phylum, serves as the primary host for gut plasmids and plays a dominant role in gut plasmid transfer events. Additionally, plasmids broaden the genetic capabilities of bacteria, with their influence on bacterial function becoming more apparent as children's gut microbiomes develop. This study sheds light on the role of plasmids in the infant gut microbiome, making a significant contribution to our understanding of plasmid biology.", "keywords": ["Adult", "Male", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Bacteroidetes", "Science", "Q", "Infant", " Newborn", "Infant", "Article", "Gastrointestinal Microbiome", "Feces", "03 medical and health sciences", "Humans", "Female", "Phylogeny", "Plasmids"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51398-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-024-51398-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-024-51398-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-024-51398-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11577/3480910", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:26:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-20", "title": "The representativeness of a European multi-center network for influenza-like-illness participatory surveillance", "description": "The Internet is becoming more commonly used as a tool for disease surveillance. Similarly to other surveillance systems and to studies using online data collection, Internet-based surveillance will have biases in participation, affecting the generalizability of the results. Here we quantify the participation biases of Influenzanet, an ongoing European-wide network of Internet-based participatory surveillance systems for influenza-like-illness.In 2011/2012 Influenzanet launched a standardized common framework for data collection applied to seven European countries. Influenzanet participants were compared to the general population of the participating countries to assess the representativeness of the sample in terms of a set of demographic, geographic, socio-economic and health indicators.More than 30,000 European residents registered to the system in the 2011/2012 season, and a subset of 25,481 participants were selected for this study. All age classes (10\u00a0years brackets) were represented in the cohort, including under 10 and over 70\u00a0years old. The Influenzanet population was not representative of the general population in terms of age distribution, underrepresenting the youngest and oldest age classes. The gender imbalance differed between countries. A counterbalance between gender-specific information-seeking behavior (more prominent in women) and Internet usage (with higher rates in male populations) may be at the origin of this difference. Once adjusted by demographic indicators, a similar propensity to commute was observed for each country, and the same top three transportation modes were used for six countries out of seven. Smokers were underrepresented in the majority of countries, as were individuals with diabetes; the representativeness of asthma prevalence and vaccination coverage for 65+ individuals in two successive seasons (2010/2011 and 2011/2012) varied between countries.Existing demographic and national datasets allowed the quantification of the participation biases of a large cohort for influenza-like-illness surveillance in the general population. Significant differences were found between Influenzanet participants and the general population. The quantified biases need to be taken into account in the analysis of Influenzanet epidemiological studies and provide indications on populations groups that should be targeted in recruitment efforts.", "keywords": ["Influenza; Internet data collection; Participation bias; Representativeness; Selection bias; Surveillance", "Adult", "Male", "0301 basic medicine", "Adolescent", "Health Status", "Young Adult", "03 medical and health sciences", "Age Distribution", "0302 clinical medicine", "Influenza", " Human", "11. Sustainability", "Prevalence", "Humans", "Child", "Representativeness", "Aged", "Selection bias", "Internet", "Surveillance", "Internet data collection", "Public Health", " Environmental and Occupational Health", "Infant", " Newborn", "Participation bias", "Infant", "Middle Aged", "16. Peace & justice", "Influenza", "3. Good health", "Europe", "Socioeconomic Factors", "[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Sant\u00e9 publique et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie", "13. Climate action", "Child", " Preschool", "Population Surveillance", "Female", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/2017934/1/12889_2014_7121_MOESM2_ESM.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/240039/2/cantarelli-colizza.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3480910/1/Cantarelli_BMC-PubHealth_2014.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11577/3480910"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BMC%20Public%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11577/3480910", "name": "item", "description": "11577/3480910", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11577/3480910"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "25031029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:26:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-17", "title": "Maternal Reported Indicators and Causes of Insufficient Milk Supply", "description": "Background:

Although the breastfeeding initiation rate is high in China, exclusivity is low. Not having enough breast milk has been frequently reported as a reason for supplementing and weaning.

Objective:

The objective was to explore maternal perception of indicators and causes of self-reported insufficient milk supply (IMS) among a sample of southwestern Chinese mothers.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in a hospital in Chengdu, China.

Results:

The majority of mothers were of Han ethnicity and primiparous. Most initiated breastfeeding (n = 325, 95.3%). Among mothers who had weaned by the time of questionnaire completion, more than half (n = 52) reported IMS as a reason, and 53.8% of these mothers reported this occurring during the first 2 days postpartum. Mothers often identified IMS by using less sensitive indicators of adequate intake such as receiving a hungry look from the infant after nursing (34.6%) and not feeling the presence of milk (28.8%). More sensitive indicators of adequate intake, such as the number of wet/soiled diapers, were not reported. More than a third of mothers (39.2%) could not express a reason for the occurrence of IMS. Among those who identified reasons, nearly one-fourth of mothers attributed IMS, at least partially, to dietary factors such as poor appetite (23.5%).

Conclusion:

Self-reported IMS appears to be a common barrier to breastfeeding continuation among this sample of Chinese mothers. Culturally appropriate intervention, designed to inform mothers how to correctly identify and address IMS, might be an effective strategy to support optimal infant-feeding behaviors in China.

Maternal sources of transforming growth factor-\u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21) are shown here to contribute to the normal appearance and perinatal survival of TGF-\u03b21 null newborn mice. Labeled TGF-\u03b21 crossed the placenta and was recovered intact from various tissues after oral administration to mouse pups. TGF\u03b2-1 protein was also detected in cells recovered from breast milk. In immunohistochemical analyses, TGF-\u03b21 null embryos and null newborn pups born to TGF-\u03b21 heterozygotes stained positive for TGF-\u03b21, whereas those born to a null female were negative and had severe cardiac abnormalities. These results suggest an important role for maternal sources of TGF-\u03b21 during development and, more generally, provide evidence for maternal rescue of targeted gene disruption in the fetus.

", "keywords": ["Heart Defects", " Congenital", "0301 basic medicine", "Heterozygote", "0303 health sciences", "Homozygote", "Embryonic and Fetal Development", "Mice", "03 medical and health sciences", "Fetus", "Milk", "Animals", " Newborn", "Pregnancy", "Transforming Growth Factor beta", "Animals", "Female", "Maternal-Fetal Exchange"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J J, Letterio, A G, Geiser, A B, Kulkarni, N S, Roche, M B, Sporn, A B, Roberts,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/8009224"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "8009224", "name": "item", "description": "8009224", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/8009224"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11322291", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:29:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-13", "title": "Insights into the ecology of the infant gut plasmidome", "description": "Plasmids are small DNA molecules that enable bacteria to share beneficial traits, influencing microbial communities. However, their role within the human gut microbiome remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the gut microbiomes of 34 mother-child cohorts, employing a plasmid analysis workflow to understand the impact of plasmids on the gut microbiome. We create a plasmid phylogenetic tree, devise a method for assigning plasmid hosts, and examine potential plasmid transfer networks. Our research discovers a wide variety of previously unidentified plasmid sequences, indicating that current databases do not fully represent the gut plasmidome. Interestingly, infants display greater plasmid diversity compared to mothers and other healthy adults. We find that Bacteroidota, a major bacterial phylum, serves as the primary host for gut plasmids and plays a dominant role in gut plasmid transfer events. Additionally, plasmids broaden the genetic capabilities of bacteria, with their influence on bacterial function becoming more apparent as children's gut microbiomes develop. This study sheds light on the role of plasmids in the infant gut microbiome, making a significant contribution to our understanding of plasmid biology.", "keywords": ["Adult", "Male", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Bacteroidetes", "Science", "Q", "Infant", " Newborn", "Infant", "Article", "Gastrointestinal Microbiome", "Feces", "03 medical and health sciences", "Humans", "Female", "Phylogeny", "Plasmids"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11322291"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11322291", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11322291", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11322291"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC5857245", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:29:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-31", "title": "The association between early-life relative telomere length and childhood neurodevelopment", "description": "To examine the association between telomere length and neurodevelopment in children.We examined the relationship between relative telomere length (rTL) and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 9 and 30 months, and 5 years of age in children enrolled in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 1 (NC1). Relative telomere length was measured in cord blood and in child blood at age five. Multivariable linear regression examined associations between neurodevelopmental outcomes and rTL adjusting for relevant covariates.Mean rTL was 1.18 at birth and 0.71 at age five. Increased cord blood rTL was associated with better scores on two neurodevelopmental tests, the psychomotor developmental index (\u03b2\u202f=\u202f4.01; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u202f=\u202f0.17, 7.85) at age 30 months, and the Woodcock Johnson test of achievement letter-word score (\u03b2\u202f=\u202f2.88; CI\u202f=\u202f1.21-4.56) at age five. The Woodcock Johnson test of achievement letter-word score remained statistically significant after two outliers were excluded (\u03b2\u202f=\u202f2.83; CI\u202f=\u202f0.69, 4.97); the psychomotor developmental index did not (\u03b2\u202f=\u202f3.62; CI\u202f=\u202f-1.28, 8.52). None of the neurodevelopmental outcomes at age five were associated with five-year rTL.Although increased cord blood rTL was associated with better test scores for a few neurodevelopmental outcomes, this study found little consistent evidence of an association between rTL and neurodevelopment. Future studies with a larger sample size, longer follow-up, and other relevant biological markers (e.g. oxidative stress) are needed to clarify the role of rTL in neurodevelopment and its relevance as a potential surrogate measure for oxidative stress in the field of developmental neurotoxicity.", "keywords": ["Male", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Infant", " Newborn", "Infant", "Telomere Homeostasis", "Neuropsychological Tests", "Telomere", "Fetal Blood", "03 medical and health sciences", "Child Development", "Child", " Preschool", "Humans", "Female"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC5857245"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/NeuroToxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC5857245", "name": "item", "description": "PMC5857245", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC5857245"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC5778340", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-07T16:29:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-30", "title": "Pneumonia diagnosis in childhood and incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer: a Danish nationwide cohort study", "description": "Objectives

There is an ongoing debate on the possible association between infections in early childhood and subsequent cancer risk, but it remains unclear if a hospital admission for infection is associated with risk of childhood cancer diagnosis. We examined if a hospital-based diagnosis of pneumonia was a clinical marker of the three most common childhood cancers.

Design

Population-based cohort study.

Setting

Denmark, hospital diagnoses, 1994\uffe2\uff80\uff932013.

Methods

Using national health registries, we compared the observed incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer among 83\uffe2\uff80\uff89935 children with a hospital-based pneumonia diagnosis with that expected among children in the general population. We calculated absolute cancer risks and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) as a measure of relative risk.

Results

The cancer SIRs were substantially increased during the first 6 months of follow-up; lymphoid leukaemia: 6.2 (95% CI 3.5 to 10.3); myeloid leukaemia: 14.8 (95% CI 6.0 to 30.6); Hodgkin\uffe2\uff80\uff99s lymphoma: 60.8 (95% CI 26.2 to 120), non-Hodgkin\uffe2\uff80\uff99s lymphoma: 15.9 (95% CI 5.2 to 37.2) and brain cancer: 4.4 (95% CI 1.9 to 8.7). The 6-month absolute risks of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer were all low, reaching 0.05% when combined. An increased risk persisted beyond 5 years for non-Hodgkin\uffe2\uff80\uff99s lymphoma and brain cancer. However, the 5-year absolute cancer risk was 0.14%.

Conclusions

The short-term incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer was higher than expected and persisted beyond 5 years for non-Hodgkin\uffe2\uff80\uff99s lymphoma and brain cancer. However, the absolute cancer risk was low.