{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00894-025-06491-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-09-13", "title": "Modification of biochar by iron containing adsorption centers as a method to enhance the remediation of perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) and (PFOS) acids from water and soil: a density functional theory study", "description": "Context: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), with over 15,000 types listed in the US EPA\u2019s CompTox database, are found in everyday items like textiles, packaging, firefighting foams, and medical devices. Their widespread use has led to concerning health effects\u2014including cancers, elevated cholesterol, and fertility issues\u2014with detectable levels present in 98% of Americans. While perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulphonic (PFOS) are among the most studied, their environmental behavior and ecological interactions remain poorly understood. Advances in computer-based methods, including chemoinformatics and quantum modeling, now aid in predicting properties and simulating PFAS dynamics. Biochar (BC), produced via biomass pyrolysis under limited oxygen, is known for its porosity and adsorption capabilities. Magnetic biochar (MBC), enhanced with iron-based compounds, adds the benefit of magnetic separation, making it ideal for water decontamination. This paper explores the use of MBC to remove PFOA and PFOS from the environment, leveraging computational tools to investigate molecular interactions and adsorption properties. Methods: A doubled crystallographic unit of hematite (Fe\u2082\u2084O\u2083\u2086) was constructed and fully optimized using density functional theory (DFT) with the M06-2X functional. Geometry optimization used the 6-31G(d,p) basis set, while single-point energies were calculated with 6\u2013311 + + G(d,p). Antiferromagnetic conditions were ensured by setting the total spin to zero (Sz = 0), and triplet instability analysis was performed to evaluate ferromagnetic potential. To simulate bulk water effects on adsorption, the CPCM solvation model (\u03b5 = 78.3) was applied. Harmonic frequency analysis confirmed structural minima, and Gibbs free energies were calculated using Gaussian 16. PFOA and PFOS, with highly negative pKa values (~ \u20130.1 and &amp;lt;). Quadratic SCF convergence (scf = qc) addressed numerical challenges, and interaction energies were corrected for basis set superposition error using the counterpoise method. Calculated IR spectra and molecular visualizations were generated with Chemcraft, without applying scaling factors.", "keywords": ["Original Paper", "Magnetic biochar", "PFAS remediation", "Density functional theory (DFT)", "Perfluorooctanoic acid", "Perfluorooctanesulphonic acid", "Poly-fluoroalkyl substances"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gorb, Leonid, Sosnowska, Anita, Bulawska, Natalia, Leszczynska, Danuta, Puzyn, Tomasz, Leszczynski, Jerzy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-025-06491-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Modeling", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00894-025-06491-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00894-025-06491-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00894-025-06491-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-09-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-02", "title": "Effect Of Biochar Addition On Soil Microbial Community In A Wheat Crop", "description": "Biochar is known to enhance soil fertility and C sequestration, but relatively little information is currently available about its effect on soil microbial community, a component of terrestrial ecosystems that plays a key role in nutrient cycling. This study tested the effects of soil amendment with two loads of wood-derived biochar (30 and 60 t ha(-1)) in a wheat crop in Tuscany (Italy). Soil samples were collected 3 and 14 months after treatments over two successive growing seasons, and analysed for pH, total organic C (C-org), extractable C (C-ext), microbial biomass-C (C-mic), 25 specific microbial activities, mean substrate-induced respiration (mSIR) for 25 substrates, functional microbial diversity and bacterial genetic diversity. No significant effect of biochar treatment was observed on C-org, C-ext, C-mic, microbial quotient (C-mic % C-org) or genetic diversity. An increase in mSIR, some specific microbial activities and soil pH, and a significant change in functional diversity were observed 3 months after treatment. In contrast, no effect of biochar was detected 14 months after treatment for the parameters considered, except for a small but significant increase in pH. Our data suggest that biochar addition stimulated soil microbial activity without causing any apparent disturbance, but this positive effect was very short-lived. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Wood-derived biochar", "Soil bacterial diversity; Soil management; Soil microbial activity; Soil microbial functional diversity; Wheat crop; Wood-derived biochar;", "Soil microbial functional diversity", "Wheat crop", "Soil microbial activity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil bacterial diversity", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-18", "title": "Biochar Reduces The Bioavailability And Phytotoxicity Of Heavy Metals", "description": "Biochar has attracted research interest due to its ability to increase the soil carbon pool and improve crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metal immobilizing impact of chicken manure- and green waste-derived biochars, and their effectiveness in promoting plant growth. The immobilization and phytoavailability of Cd, Cu and Pb was examined using naturally contaminated shooting range and spiked soils. Biochar samples prepared from chicken manure and green waste were used as soil amendments. Application of biochar significantly reduced NH4NO3 extractable Cd, Cu and Pb concentrations of soils, indicating the immobilization of these metals. Chicken manure-derived biochar increased plant dry biomass by 353 and 572% for shoot and root, respectively with 1% of biochar addition. This might be attributed to reduced toxicity of metals and increased availability of nutrients such as P and K. Both biochars significantly reduced Cd, Cu and Pb accumulation by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), and the reduction increased with increasing amount of biochar application except Cu concentration. Metal sequential fractionation data indicated that biochar treatments substantially modified the partitioning of Cd, Cu and Pb from the easily exchangeable phase to less bioavailable organic bound fraction. The results clearly showed that biochar application was effective in metal immobilization, thereby reducing the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bioavailability", "Chicken manure-derived biochar", "heavy metal immobilization bioavailability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Immobilization", "Heavy metal", "1110 Plant Science", "Earth Sciences", "Green waste-derived biochar", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1111 Soil Science", "chicken manure-derived biochar", "green waste-derived biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-14", "title": "Biochar Application Reduces Nodulation But Increases Nitrogenase Activity In Clover", "description": "Background and aims: Biochar is produced from the pyrolysis of organic materials, and when buried in soil can act as a long term soil carbon (C) store. Evidence suggests that biochar can also increase crop yields, reduce nutrient leaching and increase biological nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants. However, the potential for increasing biological N2 fixation in agroecosystems is poorly understood, with inconsistent reports of root nodulation following biochar application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of biochar application rate and time since application on nodulation and nitrogenase activity in nodules of clover grown in a temperate agricultural soil. Methods: We used replicated field plots with three biochar application rates (0, 25 and 50 t ha-1). Three years after biochar amendment, the plots were further split and fresh biochar added at two different rates (25 and 50 t ha-1) resulting in double-loaded reapplications of 25&thinsp;+&thinsp;25 and 50&thinsp;+&thinsp;50 t ha-1. Results: Three years after biochar application, there was no significant difference in the total number of root nodules between biochar-amended and unamended soil, regardless of the application rate. However, despite clover root nodules being of a similar number and size the level of nitrogenase activity of individual nodules in biochar-amended soil was significantly higher than in unamended soil. Reapplication of biochar resulted in decreased nodulation, although the rate of nitrogenase activity per nodule remained unaffected. Conclusion: In the short term, biochar influences root nodule number and localised N2 fixation per nodule; however, total nitrogenase activity for the whole root system remained unaffected by the application rate of biochar or time since its application. These results emphasise the importance of long-term field studies, with a variety of applications rates for determining the influence of biochar applications on N2-fixing organisms and in providing data that can meaningfully inform agronomic management decisions and climate change mitigation strategies.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Climate change mitigation", "Legume-Rhizobia symbiosis", "13. Climate action", "Black nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biological nitrogen fixation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Long term biochar trial", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/18417/1/Plant%20Soil%202013.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-14", "title": "Effect Of Biochar Addition On C Mineralisation And Soil Organic Matter Priming In Two Subsoil Horizons", "description": "The impact of biochar on subsoil organic carbon mineralisation has never been assessed despite its susceptibility to downward transport after soil amendment. In this study, we analysed the potential mineralisation of biochar and plant material as well as their effect on native soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition in subsoil horizons. We used 13C-labelled biochar and plant material to allow disentangling substrate mineralisation and priming effects. The substrates were added to two mountain subsoils under different land use and incubated for 1\u00a0year under optimum conditions. We analysed for physical parameters and C mineralisation in the two soils. Moreover, microbial communities were assessed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses. Our results indicated contrasting potential C mineralisation of subsoils under different land use probably related to sampling depth, contribution of stabilised organic matter compounds, carbon content as well as quality. In general, very low proportions of biochar were mineralised in the two soils as compared to plant material. The mineralisation of each of the added substrates (biochar and plant material) was slightly, but significantly different in the two soils. Native C mineralisation was much higher after plant material addition than after biochar addition. Subsoil type influenced the kind and magnitude of priming effects for both added substrates. Biochar mineralisation and its priming effects in subsoil are small as compared to uncharred plant litter. We suggest that substrate mineralization and priming effects induced on subsoil organic matter are dependent on the composition of the added substrate, as well as soil parameters rather than microbial community characteristics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "mineralisation", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "subsoil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "(13)C-labelled biochar", "priming", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-08", "title": "Nutrient Dynamics, Microbial Growth And Weed Emergence In Biochar Amended Soil Are Influenced By Time Since Application And Reapplication Rate", "description": "Evidence suggests that in addition to sequestering carbon (C), biochar amendment can increase crop yields, improve soil quality and nutrient cycling, reduce the leaching of nutrients from soil and stimulate soil microbial activity. However, biochar application primarily benefits soils of intrinsic poor quality, thus the advantages of adding biochar to temperate agricultural soils remains controversial. In addition, there is limited information about the longer term effects of biochar application, or of increasing the rate of biochar loading to soil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of biochar residency time and application rate on soil quality, crop performance, weed emergence, microbial growth and community composition in a temperate agricultural soil. We used replicated field plots with three wood biochar application rates (0, 25 and 50 t ha(-1)). Three years after biochar amendment, the plots were further split and fresh biochar added at two different rates (25 and 50 t ha(-1)) resulting in double-loaded reapplications of 25 + 25 and 50 + 50 t ha(-1). After a soil residency time of three years, there were no significant differences in soil nutrients, microbial growth, mycorrhizal colonisation or weed emergence between biochar amended and unamended soil. In contrast, the reapplication of biochar had a significant effect on soil quality, (e.g. increased PO43-, K+ and Ca2+, DOC, soil moisture, organic matter and EC), microbial growth, (e.g. decreased saprophytic fungal growth), increased mycorrhizal root colonisation and inhibition of weed emergence. Whilst biochar application is unquestionably a strategy for the sequestration of C, in this case, other benefits, e.g. improved soil nutrient levels or crop performance, seemed to be short lived. Reapplication of biochar exemplifies the transient nature of biochar-mediated benefits rather than any lasting differences in soil nutrient dynamics or microbial communities. These results emphasise the need for more long-term field studies to provide data that can meaningfully inform agronomic management decisions and climate change mitigation strategies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (Less)", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Black carbon", "Repeat biochar application", "13. Climate action", "Temperate agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Long term biochar trial", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-19", "title": "Evaluating bioelectrochemically-assisted constructed wetland (METland\u00ae) for treating wastewater: Analysis of materials, performance and electroactive communities", "description": "METland\u00ae technology consists of a bioengineering strategy for treating wastewater by integrating microbial electrochemical concepts into constructed wetland systems to enhance pollutants removal. In this context, we have constructed planted (Iris sibirica) biofilters to assess the impact of different electrically conductive bed materials (electroconductive coke, electroconductive biochar, non-electroconductive biochar and gravel) by analyzing the (i) wastewater treatment efficiency (COD and nitrogen removal), (ii) bioelectrochemical response, and (iii) diversity of microbial communities. Electrically conductive materials outperformed non-conductive ones allowing removal rates as high as 175-180 gCOD/bed*m3 day capable to support footprint as low 0.4 m2/pe. In contrast, the highest nitrogen removal rates were achieved with non-conductive biochar in presence of plants (80 %) regardless the anoxic conditions of the assay. This was confirmed by the presence of annamox bacteria like Planctomycetes. Furthermore, the presence of a marked electric potential profile along the bed height in electroconductive materials together with redox pairs (cyclic voltammetry analysis) demonstrated an effective electron flow from bottom to uppermost layers of the bed (geoconductor mechanism). In electroconductive biochar, such effective conductivity-based model co-exists with a geobattery mechanism due to presence of electroactive phenolic and carbonyl/quinone groups and/or microporosity. Microbial biodiversity analysis revealed the impact of plants just at the upper layers of the biofilters where roots and Rhizobium predominate. Bacteria from genus Clostridium were dominant in gravel inert material; in contrast, bacteria from genus Geobacter (12%) and Trichococcus (30%) outcompete the rest of communities for an effective colonization of carbonaceous beds, suggesting their main role as part of the electrosyntrophies mechanism after METland\u00ae.", "keywords": ["Electroactive bacteria", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Metland\u00ae", "Electroconductive biochar", "Wastewater treatment", "QD Chemistry", "6. Clean water", "Constructed wetland", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Microbial electrochemistry", "TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:16:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-22", "title": "A Three-Year Experiment Confirms Continuous Immobilization Of Cadmium And Lead In Contaminated Paddy Field With Biochar Amendment", "description": "Heavy metal contamination in croplands has been a serious concern because of its high health risk through soil-food chain transfer. A field experiment was conducted in 2010-2012 in a contaminated rice paddy in southern China to determine if bioavailability of soil Cd and Pb could be reduced while grain yield was sustained over 3 years after a single soil amendment of wheat straw biochar. Contaminated biochar particles were separated from the biochar amended soil and microscopically analyzed to help determine where, and how, metals were immobilized with biochar. Biochar soil amendment (BSA) consistently and significantly increased soil pH, total organic carbon and decreased soil extractable Cd and Pb over the 3 year period. While rice plant tissues' Cd content was significantly reduced, depending on biochar application rate, reduction in plant Pb concentration was found only in root tissue. Analysis of the fresh and contaminated biochar particles indicated that Cd and Pb had probably been bonded with the mineral phases of Al, Fe and P on and around and inside the contaminated biochar particle. Immobilization of the Pb and Cd also occurred to cation exchange on the porous carbon structure.", "keywords": ["China", "anzsrc-for: 4105 Pollution and Contamination", "Soil remediation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "4102 Ecological Applications", "Aged biochar", "02 engineering and technology", "41 Environmental Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental Sciences", "4105 Pollution and Contamination", "anzsrc-for: 40 Engineering", "Soil", "anzsrc-for: 34 Chemical sciences", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "anzsrc-for: 03 Chemical Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Oryza", "Heavy", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Heavy metal pollution", "anzsrc-for: 4102 Ecological Applications", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "Lead", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Rice paddy", "Adsorption", "anzsrc-for: 09 Engineering", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123850", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-22", "title": "Waste derived biochar as an alternative filler in biocomposites - Mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of biochar added biocomposites", "description": "Abstract   This study investigated the potential of using waste derived biochar as an alternative filler to manufacture biodegradable non fossil derived biocomposites. Two types of biochars, i.e. (1) wood and (2) sewage sludge derived biochars were used as fillers in Polylactic acid (PLA) and BIOPLAST GS2189 biocomposites with the loading rate up to 20% (by weight). The laboratory manufactured testing samples of these biocomposites were subject to the following tests: water adsorption, tensile strength, impact strength, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and optical and SEM microscopy. The results showed that the addition of biochar had the effect on all the investigated parameters, including mechanical, thermal and optical properties. Biochar added biocomposites showed higher water absorption and rigidity. Sewage sludge derived biochar as a filler for biodegradable polymers resulted in better mechanical and thermal properties of the investigated biocomposites. The biochar added biocomposites can be successfully used to produce agricultural accessories such as clips and supports for growing plants, e.g. tomatoes. After harvesting the plants these biodegradable accessories can be disposed of with plant residues and treated through composting. Thus, preventing from generation of plastics waste from agriculture that are difficult to managed.", "keywords": ["Alternative fillers", "Agricultural accessories", "Mechanical thermal and optical properties", "Biodegradable composites", "02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Waste derived biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123850"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cleaner%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123850", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123850", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123850"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-11", "title": "Changes of sewage sludge digestate-derived biochar properties after chemical treatments and influence on As(III and V) and Cd(II) sorption", "description": "Abstract   This work seeks to extend the knowledge on the effect of chemical treatment of sewage sludge digestate (SSD)-derived biochar for the As(III and V) and Cd(II) sorption ability using potassium hydroxide (KOH) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results showed the increases of the pH of point of zero charge, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) after chemical treatment of biochar. The sorption ability was enhanced from 1.6\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (As(V)) and 16.1\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (Cd(II)) on raw biochar to 8.5\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (As(V)) and 318.5\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (Cd(II)) on KOH-modified biochar. Furthermore, arsenic redox distribution showed a large oxidation (70%) of As(III) to As(V) in KOH-biochar with batch washing, while a partial oxidation (7%) was observed in KOH-biochar with batch and subsequent column washing. The washing procedures after KOH treatment play an important role on arsenic sorption, due to the release of phosphate (PO43\u2212) as well as organic matter from the biochar that may subsequently lead to the oxidation of As(III) to As(V). Our findings highlight the potential influence of biochar on the redox transformation of As(III) to As(V) and therefore requires a careful assessment while investigating the fate of As in aquatic environments.", "keywords": ["[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "600", "[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry", "02 engineering and technology", "Cd(II)", "Chemical activation", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Sewage sludge digestate derived biochar", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar washing", "As(III)", "As(V)", "[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Biodeterioration%20%26amp%3B%20Biodegradation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:16:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-24", "title": "Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "description": "Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0% impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700-900\u00a0\u00b0C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15\u00a0days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1\u00a0% biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9\u00a0% reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9\u00a0%) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8\u00a0% and 91.6\u00a0%, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4\u00a0%. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90\u00a0% leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1\u00a0% DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5\u00a0nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02-2.20\u00a0nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.", "keywords": ["Soil stabilization", "Fluorocarbons", "Sorbent", "Sewage", "PFAS", "Water", "Wood", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Alkanesulfonic Acids", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "Charcoal", "Column tests", "Environmental Chemistry", "Soil Pollutants", "Waste-based biochar"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1295/viewcontent/Goranov_2024_StabilizationofPFASContaminatedSoilWith.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-14", "description": "<p>A factorial pot experiment was conducted using two types of soils (sandy loam and red clay loam) that are commonly used for commercial vegetable production in Bundaberg, region of Central Queensl and Australia. The soils were amended with 0, 25, 50 and 75 t/ha of green waste biochar and minimum doses of N, P and K (30 kg/ha, 30 kg/ha and 40 kg/ha respectively). After two weeks of plant establishment, the pots were leached with 1.5 litres of deionised water at week intervals, and cation concentrations of the leachate were determined. In 25 t/ha biochar treatment, there was a significant (P&lt;0.05) reduction in K and Ca leaching by 40% and 26% respectively from sandy loam, and of Ca by 23% from the red clay loam. Soil water holding capacity and soil organic carbon were also increased in both biochar treated soils. After 12 weeks of growth, shoot weight was signifi cantly (P&lt;0.05) higher in 25 t/ha biochar-treated sandy loam and red clay loam (32% and 31% respectively). These results clearly demonstrated that a higher yield of capsicum can be achieved from green waste biochar application in sandy loam and red clay loam at 25 t/ha biochar.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221 Hydro Nepal Special Issue: Conference Proceedings 2012 pp.86-90</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "829999 Plant Production and Plant Primary Products not elsewhere classified", "070101 Agricultural Land Management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Journal Article. Refereed", "15. Life on land", "Scholarly Journal", "Green waste biochar -- Cation leaching -- Soil cation exchange capacity -- Carbon sequestration -- Australia", "6. Clean water", "Applied research"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydro%20Nepal%3A%20%20Journal%20of%20Water%2C%20Energy%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221", "name": "item", "description": "10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7221"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy12020283", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-23", "title": "Assessing Factors Controlling Structural Changes of Humic Acids in Soils Amended with Organic Materials to Improve Soil Functionality", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Humic acids (HAs) regulate soil chemical reactivity and improve many soil functions. The amendment of soil with organic materials increases soil organic matter (SOM) content and promotes the formation of HAs. However, the effect of the type, frequency and duration of amendment, and pedoclimatic conditions on SOM transformation and HA structural changes remains unclear. Herein, four experimental field sites (S1\u20134) with short-to-long-term organic fertilisation schemes were used to assess the effects of such factors, i.e., S1: loamy sand amended once with farmyard manure (FYM), brown coal waste (BCW), and biochar (BIO) for 0.5 and 1.5 years; S2: silt loam amended once with BIO for 8 years; S3: loamy sand amended every 5 years with FYM for 94 years; and S4: clayey silt amended every 2 years with FYM for 116 years. All HAs were extracted and analysed for structural differences by elemental analysis (EA), attenuated total reflectance\u2013Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), solid-state cross polarisation magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CP/MAS 13C-NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results from EA, FTIR, and NMR showed that the long-term samples from S3 (treatments, T9\u2013T10) and S4 (T11\u2013T12) had the greatest aromatic characteristics, which increased with FYM amendment (T10 and T12). These agreed with DSC data, which indicated lower aliphatic contents compared with other samples. Samples from S2 (T7\u2013T8), with receded amendment effects, had less aromatic and greater aliphatic characteristics compared with the short-term samples, S1 (T1\u2013T6). In S1, structural changes were limited, but aromaticity increased with BIO (T3 and T6) compared with corresponding FYM (T1 and T4) and BCW (T2 and T5) amendments due to inherently high aromatic groups in the former. Overall, the results showed that the site (due to differences in pedoclimatic conditions), field age of OM, and amendment frequency were the main factors that influenced HA structure, and hence SOM transformation. Regular, long-term organic amendment increases the aromatic characteristics of HAs, which can improve soil functionality, but short-term structural improvements are achievable only when amending material is rich in aromatic compounds.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "aromaticity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "humic acids", "humic acids; soil function; soil organic matter; humification; biochar; aromaticity", "soil organic matter", "soil function", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "humification"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183938/1/agronomy-12-00283-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/283/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020283"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy12020283", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy12020283", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy12020283"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ijerph8051491", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-11", "description": "<p>Application of poultry litter (PL) to soil may lead to nitrogen (N) losses through ammonia (NH3) volatilization and to potential contamination of surface runoff with PL-derived phosphorus (P). Amending litter with acidified biochar may minimize these problems by decreasing litter pH and by retaining litter-derived P, respectively. This study evaluated the effect of acidified biochars from pine chips (PC) and peanut hulls (PH) on NH3 losses and inorganic N and P released from surface-applied or incorporated PL. Poultry litter with or without acidified biochars was surface-applied or incorporated into the soil and incubated for 21 d. Volatilized NH3 was determined by trapping it in acid. Inorganic N and P were determined by leaching the soil with 0.01 M of CaCl2 during the study and by extracting it with 1 M KCl after incubation. Acidified biochars reduced NH3 losses by 58 to 63% with surface-applied PL, and by 56 to 60% with incorporated PL. Except for PH biochar, which caused a small increase in leached NH4+-N with incorporated PL, acidified biochars had no effect on leached or KCl-extractable inorganic N and P from surface-applied or incorporated PL. These results suggest that acidified biochars may decrease NH3 losses from PL but may not reduce the potential for P loss in surface runoff from soils receiving PL.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water Pollution", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Phosphorus Compounds", "15. Life on land", "Article", "Poultry", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "acidified biochar; poultry litter; inorganic nitrogen; inorganic phosphorus; ammonia volatilization", "Ammonia", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Volatilization", "Nitrogen Compounds"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William P. Miller, Sarah A. Doydora, Keshav C. Das, Julia W. Gaskin, Leticia Sonon, Miguel L. Cabrera,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/8/5/1491/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8051491"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Research%20and%20Public%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijerph8051491", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijerph8051491", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijerph8051491"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ijms231810376", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-08", "title": "A Metagenomic and Gene Expression Analysis in Wheat (T. durum) and Maize (Z. mays) Biofertilized with PGPM and Biochar", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Commodity crops, such as wheat and maize, are extremely dependent on chemical fertilizers, a practice contributing greatly to the increase in the contaminants in soil and water. Promising solutions are biofertilizers, i.e., microbial biostimulants that when supplemented with soil stimulate plant growth and production. Moreover, the biofertilizers can be fortified when (i) provided as multifunctional consortia and (ii) combined with biochar with a high cargo capacity. The aim of this work was to determine the molecular effects on the soil microbiome of different biofertilizers and delivery systems, highlight their physiological effects and merge the data with statistical analyses. The measurements of the physiological parameters (i.e., shoot and root biomass), transcriptomic response of genes involved in essential pathways, and characterization of the rhizosphere population were analyzed. The results demonstrated that wheat and maize supplemented with different combinations of selected microbial consortia and biochar have a positive effect on plant growth in terms of shoot and root biomass; the treatments also had a beneficial influence on the biodiversity of the indigenous rhizo-microbial community, reinforcing the connection between microbes and plants without further spreading contaminants. There was also evidence at the transcriptional level of crosstalk between microbiota and plants.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Rhizospheric microbes", "biofertilizer; biochar; <i>Zea mays</i>; <i>Triticum durum</i>; gene expression; rhizospheric microbes; soil pollution", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Soil pollution", "Gene Expression", "Water", "Plant Roots", "Zea mays", "630", "Article", "Biochar", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Triticum durum", "Charcoal", "Biofertilizer", "Gene expression", "Fertilizers", "Biofertilizer; biochar; Zea mays; Triticum durum; gene expression; rhizospheric microbes; soil pollution", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/18/10376/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/69007/1/A%20Metagenomic%20and%20Gene%20Expression%20Analysis%20in%20Wheat%20%28T.%20durum%29%20and%20Maize%20%28Z.%20mays%29%20Biofertilized%20with%20PGPM%20and%20Biochar.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/18/10376/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810376"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijms231810376", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijms231810376", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijms231810376"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma14216566", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-02", "title": "Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Heavy Metal Sorption Capacity of Biochar from Poultry Manure", "description": "<p>Sorption properties of various biochars have been extensively investigated by many researchers. One of the parameters that have a significant impact on sorption properties is pyrolysis temperature. This paper presents a study on the effect of pyrolysis temperature (425, 575, 725 \uffc2\uffb0C) on the sorption properties of poultry-manure-derived biochar (BPM). The produced biochars, i.e., BPM425, BPM575 and BPM725, demonstrated specific properties at 425, 525 and 752 \uffc2\uffb0C such as high pH (10.40, 10.65 and 12.45), high ash contents (52.07, 61.74 and 78.38%) and relatively low BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) surface area (11, 17 and 19 m2\uffc2\uffb7g\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The analysis of the mineral phases of the BPMs confirmed the buffering capacity. The investigated biochars were tested for sorption of Zn, Cd and Pb in mono-, double- and triple-metal batch sorption tests. According to the obtained results, biochar produced at a temperature of 575 \uffc2\uffb0C (BPM575) can function as a sufficient sorbent for the removal of Zn, Cd and Pb from a water solution. The presented results do not confirm the effect of competing metal ions on the sorption efficiency of the selected metals by the investigated biochars. Based on that, the studied biochar sorbents can be used in environments contaminated with many metals.</p>", "keywords": ["ADSORPTION", "sorption", "pyrolysis temperature", "poultry manure", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "PERFORMANCE", "FEEDSTOCK SOURCES", "01 natural sciences", "AQUEOUS-SOLUTION", "Article", "MECHANISMS", "CARBON", "Chemistry", "poultry manure; biochar; pyrolysis temperature; sorption; heavy metals; soil contamination", "REMOVAL", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "CD(II)", "STRAW", "biochar", "heavy metals", "FRACTIONS", "soil contamination", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma14216566", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma14216566", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma15207205", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-17", "title": "Performance of biodegradable biochar-added and bio-based plastic clips for growing tomatoes.", "description": "<p>Increasing quantities of waste from using conventional plastic in agriculture and horticulture is one of the most pressing issues nowadays. Conventional plastic accessories (e.g., mulching films, clips, pots, strings, etc.) are typically fossil-derived, non-biodegradable and difficult to recycle after their use. Therefore, there is a need for biodegradable and bio-based alternatives with similar properties to conventional plastics, which can be disposed of through degradation in water, soil or compost under specific conditions. This work investigated the properties and the performance of biodegradable biochar-added and bio-based stem and arch support clips. In addition, the investigated clips were composted with tomato residues during 16 week laboratory composting. The scope of this work included: (1) the production of stem and arch support clips in a pilot installation using injection molding technology, (2) an analysis of their chemical composition, biodegradability, disintegration and phytotoxicity, (3) an evaluation of their performance in the greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes and (4) an evaluation of the composting of the clips with on-farm organic waste as an end-of-waste management method. The stem support clips during industrial composting (58 \uffc2\uffb0C) degraded at 100% after 20 weeks, whereas during home composting (30 \uffc2\uffb0C) the degradation was slow, and after 48 weeks the maximum weight loss was 5.43%. Disintegration during industrial composting resulted in 100% fragmentation into particles with sizes less than 2 mm. Phytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the substrates after industrial and home composting did not have a negative effect on the growth of the test plants (i.e., mustard, wheat, cuckooflower). The biochar-added stem support clips proved to be satisfactory alternatives to conventional non-biodegradable, fossil-derived clips and can be disposed of through composting. However, more work is needed to determine the optimal conditions for composting to ensure rapid degradation of the clips in relevant environments.</p>", "keywords": ["Arch support clips", "2. Zero hunger", "Composting", "Horticulture", "Biodegradable plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "Biodegradation", "Stem support clips", "biodegradable plastics; biochar; biodegradation; composting; horticulture; stem support clips; arch support clips", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/20/7205/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/20/7205/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207205"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma15207205", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma15207205", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma15207205"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/nano12244474", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-19", "title": "Engineered Nanoparticles, Natural Nanoclay and Biochar, as Carriers of Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The potential of biochar and nanoparticles to serve as effective delivery agents for beneficial bacteria to crops was investigated. Application of nanoparticles and biochar as carriers for beneficial bacteria improved not only the amount of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria in soil, but also improved chlorophyll content (1.2\u20131.3 times), cell viability (1.1\u20131.5 times), and antioxidative properties (1.1\u20131.4 times) compared to control plants. Treatments also improved content of phosphorus (P) (1.1\u20131.6 times) and nitrogen (N) (1.1\u20131.4 times higher) in both tomato and watermelon plants. However, the effect of biochars and nanoparticles were species-specific. For example, chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with adsorbed bacteria increased the phosphorus content in tomato by 1.2 times compared to a 1.1-fold increase when nanoclay with adsorbed bacteria was applied. In watermelon, the situation was reversed: 1.1-fold increase in the case of chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles and 1.2 times in case of nanoclay with adsorbed bacteria. Our findings demonstrate that use of nanoparticles and biochar as carriers for beneficial bacteria significantly improved plant growth and health. These findings are useful for design and synthesis of novel and sustainable biofertilizer formulations.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "540", "nitrogen", "Article", "nanoclay", "nanoclay; mesoporous silica; biochar; PGPR; nitrogen; phosphorus", "Chemistry", "03 medical and health sciences", "Settore AGRI-06/A - Genetica agraria", "PGPR", "biochar", "mesoporous silica", "phosphorus", "Settore BIOS-10/A - Biologia cellulare e applicata", "QD1-999"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4474/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4474/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12244474"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nanomaterials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/nano12244474", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/nano12244474", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/nano12244474"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15750777", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:20:52Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supporting data: Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "keywords": ["soil stabilization", "PFAS", "column tests", "Waste-based biochar", "Sorbents"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Cornelissen, Gerard", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15750777"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15750777", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15750777", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15750777"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15750778", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:20:52Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supporting data: Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "keywords": ["soil stabilization", "PFAS", "column tests", "Waste-based biochar", "Sorbents"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Cornelissen, Gerard", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15750778"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15750778", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15750778", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15750778"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:21:07Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Realistic soil carbon sequestration considering food security and climate change", "description": "This dataset contains soil organic carbon stocks as described in Keel et al. Global Change Biology (submitted) Annual soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks (t C ha-1, 0-30 cm depth) of Swiss agricultural soils simulated with the model RothC for the years 2020-2100. Simulations were performed for 240 strata (regions with similar agricultural production types, climatic conditions and clay content). The SOC stocks are weighted averages across strata for the national scale. <br> Each column contains SOC stocks for a specific combination of a climate model chains (nine in total) and an emission scenario (three in total: RCP 26, RCP 45, RCP 85) (specified in column header). The results include simulated SOC stocks for a baseline scenario and five soil carbon sequestration (SCS) scenarios (cover crops, biochar amendment at two rates, biochar amendment based on biomass from two agroforestry scenarios). <br> The SCS scenarios were only performed on cropland, therefore there is only a single file for grassland (the baseline scenario). <br> All simulations (i.e. baseline as well as the five scenarios) account for changes in crop shares and organic matter additions associated with growing food demand as well as climate change. The scenarios are described in Keel et al. Global Change Biology (submitted) CL_baseline: Baseline scenario for cropland (CL) <br> GL_baseline: Baseline scenario for permanent grassland (GL)<br> CL_cover_crops: Cover crop scenario for cropland <br> CL_biochar_I: Biochar I scenario for cropland <br> CL_biochar_II: Biochar II scenario for cropland <br> CL_agroforestry_I: Agroforestry I scenario for cropland <br> CL_agroforestry_II: Agroforestry II scenario for cropland", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil organic carbon", " negative emission technology", " carbon dioxide removal", " 4p1000", " climate change", " population growth", " food security", " soil carbon modelling", " biomass availability", " RothC", " biochar", " cover crops", " agroforestry", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Keel, Sonja G.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6413955"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6413955"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:21:19Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Bioconversion of polystyrene and food waste streams into biochar: an upgraded enzymatic activation system.", "description": "Pyrolysis is a suitable strategy for managing two residues of global concern: plastics and food waste.1 The addition of plastics to the pyrolysis of biomass (co-pyrolysis) seems to improve the sorptive properties of biochar (carbonaceous pyrolysis product).2 However, one of the technical limitations of this type of co-pyrolysis is the different densities between materials, which limits the proportion of plastic in the mixture or forces a plastic pre-treatment to increase its density.3 To solve this technical limitation, the capability of some insect larva species to chew plastics emerges as a low-cost alternative method.4 Taking advantage of mealworm (<em>Tenebrio molitor</em>) voracity, we propose to use the frass (manure) from larvae fed with polystyrene (PS) and spend bread diets to produce biochar with upgraded features for enzymatic functionalization.", "keywords": ["Pyrolisis", " biochar", " insect larva", " frass"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sanchez-Hernandez, Juan C., Cares, Ximena Andrade, Bustan, Andreea,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8119671"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8119671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3127761", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:22:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-24", "title": "Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "description": "Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0% impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700-900\u00a0\u00b0C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15\u00a0days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1\u00a0% biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9\u00a0% reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9\u00a0%) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8\u00a0% and 91.6\u00a0%, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4\u00a0%. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90\u00a0% leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1\u00a0% DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5\u00a0nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02-2.20\u00a0nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.", "keywords": ["Soil stabilization", "Fluorocarbons", "Sorbent", "Sewage", "PFAS", "Water", "Wood", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Alkanesulfonic Acids", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "Charcoal", "Column tests", "Environmental Chemistry", "Soil Pollutants", "Waste-based biochar"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1295/viewcontent/Goranov_2024_StabilizationofPFASContaminatedSoilWith.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3127761"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3127761", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3127761", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3127761"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11381/2929372", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:22:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-08", "title": "A Metagenomic and Gene Expression Analysis in Wheat (T. durum) and Maize (Z. mays) Biofertilized with PGPM and Biochar", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Commodity crops, such as wheat and maize, are extremely dependent on chemical fertilizers, a practice contributing greatly to the increase in the contaminants in soil and water. Promising solutions are biofertilizers, i.e., microbial biostimulants that when supplemented with soil stimulate plant growth and production. Moreover, the biofertilizers can be fortified when (i) provided as multifunctional consortia and (ii) combined with biochar with a high cargo capacity. The aim of this work was to determine the molecular effects on the soil microbiome of different biofertilizers and delivery systems, highlight their physiological effects and merge the data with statistical analyses. The measurements of the physiological parameters (i.e., shoot and root biomass), transcriptomic response of genes involved in essential pathways, and characterization of the rhizosphere population were analyzed. The results demonstrated that wheat and maize supplemented with different combinations of selected microbial consortia and biochar have a positive effect on plant growth in terms of shoot and root biomass; the treatments also had a beneficial influence on the biodiversity of the indigenous rhizo-microbial community, reinforcing the connection between microbes and plants without further spreading contaminants. There was also evidence at the transcriptional level of crosstalk between microbiota and plants.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Rhizospheric microbes", "biofertilizer; biochar; <i>Zea mays</i>; <i>Triticum durum</i>; gene expression; rhizospheric microbes; soil pollution", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Soil pollution", "Gene Expression", "Water", "Plant Roots", "Zea mays", "630", "Article", "Biochar", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Triticum durum", "Charcoal", "Biofertilizer", "Gene expression", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/18/10376/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/69007/1/A%20Metagenomic%20and%20Gene%20Expression%20Analysis%20in%20Wheat%20%28T.%20durum%29%20and%20Maize%20%28Z.%20mays%29%20Biofertilized%20with%20PGPM%20and%20Biochar.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/18/10376/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11381/2929372"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11381/2929372", "name": "item", "description": "11381/2929372", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11381/2929372"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11381/2935811", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-22T16:22:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-19", "title": "Engineered Nanoparticles, Natural Nanoclay and Biochar, as Carriers of Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The potential of biochar and nanoparticles to serve as effective delivery agents for beneficial bacteria to crops was investigated. Application of nanoparticles and biochar as carriers for beneficial bacteria improved not only the amount of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria in soil, but also improved chlorophyll content (1.2\u20131.3 times), cell viability (1.1\u20131.5 times), and antioxidative properties (1.1\u20131.4 times) compared to control plants. Treatments also improved content of phosphorus (P) (1.1\u20131.6 times) and nitrogen (N) (1.1\u20131.4 times higher) in both tomato and watermelon plants. However, the effect of biochars and nanoparticles were species-specific. For example, chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with adsorbed bacteria increased the phosphorus content in tomato by 1.2 times compared to a 1.1-fold increase when nanoclay with adsorbed bacteria was applied. In watermelon, the situation was reversed: 1.1-fold increase in the case of chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles and 1.2 times in case of nanoclay with adsorbed bacteria. Our findings demonstrate that use of nanoparticles and biochar as carriers for beneficial bacteria significantly improved plant growth and health. These findings are useful for design and synthesis of novel and sustainable biofertilizer formulations.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "540", "nitrogen", "Article", "nanoclay", "nanoclay; mesoporous silica; biochar; PGPR; nitrogen; phosphorus", "Chemistry", "03 medical and health sciences", "Settore AGRI-06/A - Genetica agraria", "PGPR", "biochar", "mesoporous silica", "phosphorus", "Settore BIOS-10/A - Biologia cellulare e applicata", "QD1-999"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4474/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4474/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11381/2935811"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nanomaterials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11381/2935811", "name": "item", "description": "11381/2935811", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11381/2935811"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-17T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+biochar&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+biochar&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+biochar&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=+biochar&offset=25", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 25, "numberReturned": 25, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-09-23T03:35:12.058210Z"}