{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-04", "title": "Thinning Method And Intensity Influence Long-Term Mortality Trends In A Red Pine Forest", "description": "Tree mortality shapes forest development, but rising mortality can represent lost production or an adverse response to changing environmental conditions. Thinning represents a strategy for reducing mortality rates, but different thinning techniques and intensities could have varying impacts depending on how they alter stand structure. We analyzed trends in stand structure, relative density, stand-scale mortality, climate, and correlations between mortality and climate over 46 years of thinning treatments in a red pine forest in Northern Minnesota, USA to examine how thinning techniques that remove trees of different crown classes interact with growing stock manipulation to impact patterns of tree mortality. Relative density in unharvested plots increased during the first 25 years of the study to around 80%, then began to plateau, but was lower (12-62%) in thinned stands. Mortality in unharvested plots claimed 2.5 times more stems yr\u22121 and 8.6 times as large a proportion of annual biomass increment during the last 21 years of the study compared to the first 25 years, but showed few temporal trends in thinned stands. Mortality in thinning treatments was generally lower than in controls, particularly during the last 21 years of the study when mortality averaged about 0.1% of stems yr \u22121 and 4% of biomass increment across thinning treatments, but 0.8% of stems yr \u22121 and 49% of biomass increment in unharvested plots. Treatments that combined thinning from above with low growing stock levels represented an exception, where mortality exceeded biomass production after initial thinning. Mortality averaged less than 0.1% of stems yr\u22121 and less than 1% of annual biomass production in stands thinned from below. These trends suggest thinning from below minimizes mortality across a wide range of growing stock levels while thinning from above to low growing stock levels can result in dramatic short-term increases in mortality. Moderate to high growing stock levels (21-34 m 2 ha \u22121 ) may offer greater flexibility for limiting mortality across a range of thinning methods. Mean and maximum annual and growing season temperatures rose by 0.6-1.8 \u25e6C during the study, and temperature variables were positively correlated with mortality in unharvested plots. Mortality increases in unharvested plots, however, were consistent with self-thinning principles and probably not driven by rising temperatures. These results suggest interactions between thinning method and intensity influence mortality reductions associated with thinning, and demonstrate the need for broader consideration of developmental processes as potential explanations for increased", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-08", "title": "Tracing metal\u2013silicate segregation and late veneer in the Earth and the ureilite parent body with palladium stable isotopes", "description": "Abstract   Stable isotope studies of highly siderophile elements (HSE) have the potential to yield valuable insights into a range of geological processes. In particular, the strong partitioning of these elements into metal over silicates may lead to stable isotope fractionation during metal\u2013silicate segregation, making them sensitive tracers of planetary differentiation processes. We present the first techniques for the precise determination of palladium stable isotopes by MC-ICPMS using a 106Pd\u2013110Pd double-spike to correct for instrumental mass fractionation. Results are expressed as the per mil (\u2030) difference in the 106Pd/105Pd ratio (\u03b4106Pd) relative to an in-house solution standard (Pd_IPGP) in the absence of a certified Pd isotopic standard. Repeated analyses of the Pd isotopic composition of the chondrite Allende demonstrate the external reproducibility of the technique of \u00b10.032\u2030 on \u03b4106Pd. Using these techniques, we have analysed Pd stable isotopes from a range of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples. We find that chondrites define a mean \u03b4106Pdchondrite\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.05\u2030. Ureilites reveal a weak trend towards heavier \u03b4106Pd with decreasing Pd content, similar to recent findings based on Pt stable isotopes (Creech et al., 2017), although fractionation of Pd isotopes is significantly less than for Pt, possibly related to its weaker metal\u2013silicate partitioning behaviour and the limited field shift effect. Terrestrial mantle samples have a mean \u03b4106Pdmantle\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.182\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.130\u2030, which is consistent with a late-veneer of chondritic material after core formation.", "keywords": ["[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Terrestrial planet accretion", "13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "Late-veneer", "Palladium", "Meteorites", "Stable isotopes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geochimica%20et%20Cosmochimica%20Acta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.040"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-28", "title": "High-resolution and three-dimensional mapping of soil texture of China", "description": "The lack of detailed three-dimensional soil texture information largely restricts many applications in agriculture, hydrology, climate, ecology and environment. This study predicted 90 m resolution spatial variations of sand, silt and clay contents at a national extent across China and at multiple depths 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. We used 4579 soil profiles collected from a national soil series inventory conducted recently and currently available environmental covariates. The covariates characterized environmental factors including climate, parent materials, terrain, vegetation and soil conditions. We constructed random forest models and employed a parallel computing strategy for the predictions of soil texture fractions based on its relationship with the environmental factors. Quantile regression forest was used to estimate the uncertainty of the predictions. Results showed that the predicted maps were much more accurate and detailed than the conventional linkage maps and the SoilGrids250m product, and could well represent spatial variation of soil texture across China. The relative accuracy improvement was around 245\u2013370% relative to the linkage maps and 83\u2013112% relative to the SoilGrids250m product with regard to the R2, and it was around 24\u201326% and 14\u201319% respectively with regard to the RMSE. The wide range between 5% lower and 95% upper prediction limits may suggest that there was a substantial room to improve current predictions. Besides, we found that climate and terrain factors are major controllers for spatial patterns of soil texture in China. The heat and water-driven physical and chemical weathering and wind-driven erosion processes primarily shape the pattern of clay content. The terrain, wind and water-driven deposition, erosion and transportation sorting processes of soil particles primarily shape the pattern of silt. The findings provide clues for modeling future soil evolution and for national soil security management under the background of global and regional environmental changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Digital soil mapping", "13. Climate action", "Large extent", "Machine learning", "Environmental factors", "Uncertainty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-05", "title": "Reactive-transport modelling of Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 passage through water saturated sediment columns", "description": "The reuse of treated wastewater (e.g. for irrigation) is a common practice to combat water scarcity problems world-wide. However, the potential spread of opportunistic pathogens and fecal contaminants like Enterococci within the subsoil could pose serious health hazards. Additional sources (e.g., leaky sewer systems, livestock farming) aggravate this situation. This study contributes to an understanding of pathogen spread in the environment, using a combined modelling and experimental approach. The impact of quartz sediment and certain wastewater characteristics on the dissemination of Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 is investigated. The transport processes of advection-dispersion and straining were studied by injecting conservative saline tracer and fluorescent microspheres through sediment packed columns, and evaluating resulting breakthrough curves using models. Similarly, simultaneously occurring reactive processes of microbial attachment, decay, respiration and growth were studied by injecting Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 suspended in water with or without dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrients through sediment, and evaluating resulting inlet and outlet concentration curves. The processes of straining, microbial decay and growth, were important when DO was absent. Irreversible attachment was important when DO was present. Sensitivity analysis of each parameter was conducted, and field scale behavior of the processes was predicted, to facilitate future work.", "keywords": ["Physical Phenomena", "13. Climate action", "Enterococcus faecalis", "Water Movements", "0207 environmental engineering", "Water", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Enterococcus", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-28", "title": "Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Accumulation With Long-Term No-Till Versus Moldboard Plowing Overestimated With Tilled-Zone Sampling Depths", "description": "Numerous investigators of tillage system impacts on soil organic carbon (OC) or total nitrogen (N) have limited their soil sampling to depths either at or just below the deepest tillage treatment in their experiments. This has resulted in an over-emphasis on OC and N changes in the near-surface zones and limited knowledge of crop and tillage system impacts below the maximum depth of soil disturbance by tillage implements. The objective of this study was to assess impacts of long-term (28 years) tillage and crop rotation on OC and N content and depth distribution together with bulk density and pH on a dark-colored Chalmers silty clay loam in Indiana. Soil samples were taken to 1 m depth in six depth increments from moldboard plow and no-till treatments in continuous corn and soybean\u2013corn rotation. Rotation systems had little impact on the measured soil properties; OC content under continuous corn was not superior to the soybean\u2013corn rotation in either no-till or moldboard plow systems. The increase in OC (on a mass per unit area basis) with no-till relative to moldboard plow averaged 23 t ha \ufffd 1 to a constant 30 cm sampling depth, but only 10 t ha \ufffd 1 to a constant 1.0 m sampling depth. Similarly, the increase in N with no-till was 1.9 t ha \ufffd 1 to a constant 30 cm sampling depth, but only 1.4 t ha \ufffd 1 to a constant 1.0 m sampling depth. Tillage treatments also had significant effects on soil bulk density and pH. Distribution of OC and N with soil depth differed dramatically under the different tillage systems. While no-till clearly resulted in more OC and N accumulation in the surface 15 cm than moldboard plow, the relative no-till advantage declined sharply with depth. Indeed, moldboard plowing resulted in substantially more OC and N, relative to no-till, in the 30\u201350 cm depth interval despite moldboard plowing consistently to less than a 25 cm depth. Our results suggest that conclusions about OC or N gains under longterm no-till are highly dependent on sampling depth and, therefore, tillage comparisons should be based on samples taken well beyond the deepest tillage depth. # 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2007.02.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2007.02.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2007.02.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.068", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-27", "title": "Accelerated microbial reductive dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by weak electrical stimulation", "description": "Microbial reductive dechlorination of chlorinated aromatics frequently suffers from the long dechlorination period and the generation of toxic metabolites. Biocathode bioelectrochemical systems were verified to be effective in the degradation of various refractory pollutants. However, the electrochemical and microbial related working mechanisms for bio-dechlorination by electro-stimulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we reported the significantly improved 2,4,6-trichlorophenol dechlorination activity through the weak electro-stimulation (cathode potential of\u00a0-0.36\u202fV vs. SHE), as evidenced by the 3.1 times higher dechlorination rate and the complete dechlorination ability with phenol as the end dechlorination product. The high reductive dechlorination rate (20.8\u202f\u03bcM/d) could be maintained by utilizing electrode as an effective electron donor (coulombic efficiency of 82.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.8%). Cyclic voltammetry analysis of the cathodic biofilm gave the direct evidences of the cathodic respiration with the improved and positive-shifted reduction peaks of 2,4,6-TCP, 2,4-DCP and 4-CP. The optimal 2,4,6-TCP reductive dechlorination rate (24.2\u202f\u03bcM/d) was obtained when a small amount of lactate (2\u202fmM) was added, and the generation of H2 and CH4 were accompanied due to the biological fermentation and methanogenesis. The electrical stimulation significantly altered the cathodic biofilm structure and composition with some potential dechlorinators (like Acetobacterium) predominated. The microbial interactions in the ecological network of cathodic biofilm were more simplified than the planktonic community. However, some potential dechlorinators (Acetobacterium, Desulfovibrio, etc.) shared more positive interactions. The co-existence and possible cooperative relationships between potential dechlorinators and fermenters (Sedimentibacter, etc.) were revealed. Meanwhile, the competitive interrelations between potential dechlorinators and methanogens (Methanomassiliicoccus) were found. In the network of plankton, the fermenters and methanogens possessed the more positive interrelations. Electro-stimulation at the cathodic potential of\u00a0-0.36\u202fV selectively enhanced the dechlorination function, while it showed little influence on either fermentation or methanogenesis process. The study gave suggestions for the enhanced bioremediation of chlorinated aromatics, in views of the electro-stimulation capacity, efficiency and microbial interrelations related microbial mechanism.", "keywords": ["Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Halogenation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Electric Stimulation", "Chlorophenols", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.068"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.068", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.068", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.068"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Mass balance during gabbro-amphibolite transition, Bamble Sector, Norway: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the gabbros", "description": "Mafic intrusions of mid-Proterozoic ages are widespread in the Bamble Sector, southern Norway, and elsewhere in the Baltic Shield. They vary from subordinate ultramafic rocks to troctolitic gabbros, olivine\u2013ferrogabbro, olivine-free gabbros and norites. Ni\u2013Cu sulfide ores locally occur in the marginal parts of the intrusions. Post-solidus retrograde reactions under prolonged high P\u2013T conditions led to serial changes from corona development around ferromagnesian minerals, to replacement of olivine and pyroxenes by hornblende and to the formation of amphibolites.    Variations of elements during the gabbro-amphibolite transformation are evaluated using a statistical approach that takes into consideration both initial magmatic differentiation effects, and metasomatic changes imprinted during metamorphism. This indicates that rare earth elements (REE), high field strength elements (HFSE), and transition metals were immobile. Large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and halogens were significantly introduced into the amphibolites. Sulfur, Se, Cu, Au, and As remained constant, or locally remobilized and reprecipitated; Sb was enriched in the amphibolites.    The Bamble gabbros are tholeiitic, enriched in Fe (Mg#=35\u201370); on MORB-normalized plots, they show features typical of destructive margins setting (i.e. enriched LILE and LREE, low Th abundance, and Nb trough). They are further characterized by low Ce/Yb ratios (Ce/Yb<10) and nearly flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns (LaN/YbN=1\u20132). The absence of major Mg-rich cumulates, such as peridotites, argues against fractional crystallization as the main cause of the enrichment in LILE\u2013LREE. Lack of crustal contamination is shown by the REE patterns as well as radiogenic and stable isotope data [Precambrian Research 64 (1993) 403; Chemical Geology 181/1\u20134 (2001) 23]. A model consistent with the geochemical data favors an early fractionation of olivine in a source area that had been metasomatized by LILE\u2013LREE bearing fluids.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saeed Alirezaei, Eion M Cameron,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Lithos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-23", "title": "Soil Freezing Alters Fine Root Dynamics In A Northern Hardwood Forest", "description": "The retention of nutrients within an ecosystem depends on temporal andspatial synchrony between nutrient availability and nutrient uptake, anddisruption of fine root processes can have dramatic impacts on nutrientretention within forest ecosystems. There is increasing evidence thatoverwinter climate can influence biogeochemical cycling belowground,perhaps by disrupting this synchrony. In this study, we experimentallyreduced snow accumulation in northern hardwood forest plots to examinethe effects of soil freezing on the dynamics of fine roots (< 1 mm diameter)measured using minirhizotrons. Snow removal treatment during therelatively mild winters of 1997\u20131998 and 1998\u20131999 induced mild freezingtemperatures (to \u22124 \u00b0C) lasting approximately three months atshallow soil depths (to \u221230 cm) in sugar maple and yellow birch stands.This treatment resulted in elevated overwinter fine root mortality in treatedcompared to reference plots of both species, and led to an earlier peak infine root production during the subsequent growing season. These shiftsin fine root dynamics increased fine root turnover but were not largeenough to significantly alter fine root biomass. No differences inmorality response were found between species. Laboratory tests on pottedtree seedlings exposed to controlled freezing regimes confirmed that mildfreezing temperatures (to \u22125 \u00b0C) were insufficient to directlyinjure winter-hardened fine roots of these species, suggesting that themarked response recorded in our forest plots was caused indirectly bymechanical damage to roots in frozen soil. Elevated fine root necromass intreated plots decomposed quickly, and may have contributed an excess fluxof about 0.5 g N/m2\u00b7yr, which is substantial relative tomeasurements of N fluxes from these plots. Our results suggest elevatedoverwinter mortality temporarily reduced fine root length in treatmentplots and reduced plant uptake, thereby disrupting the temporalsynchrony between nutrient availability and uptake and enhancing ratesof nitrification. Increased frequency of soil freezing events, as may occurwith global change, could alter fine root dynamics within the northernhardwood forest disrupting the normally tight coupling between nutrientmineralization and uptake.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013072519889"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1013072519889", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1013072519889"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:19:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-19", "title": "Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, And Forest Carbon In The Oregon Coast Range", "description": "Abstract<p>Forests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1175/bams-d-20-0086.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-20", "title": "Tundra greenness", "description": "Physical and Space Geodesy", "keywords": ["[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology", "[SDU.STU.ME] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/journals/bams/101/8/bamsD200086.xml"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0086.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20the%20American%20Meteorological%20Society", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1175/bams-d-20-0086.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1175/bams-d-20-0086.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1175/bams-d-20-0086.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2111/08-106.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-22", "title": "Land Use Influences Carbon Fluxes In Northern Kazakhstan", "description": "A mobile, closed-chamber system (CC) was used to measure carbon and water fluxes on four land-use types common in the Kazakh steppe ecoregion. Land uses represented crop (wheat or barley, WB), abandoned land (AL), crested wheatgrass (CW), and virgin land (VL). Measurements were conducted during the growing season of 2002 in northern Kazakhstan at three locations (blocks) 15\u201320 km apart. The CC allowed the measurement of the carbon flux components of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (RE) and soil respiration (RS), together with evapotranspiration (ET). Nonlinear regression analyse sw ere used to model gross primary production (GPP) and ET as a function of photosynthetically active radiation (Q); RE and RS were modeled based on air (Tair) and soil (Ts) temperature, respectively. GPP, RE, RS, and ET were estimated for the entire year with the use of continuous 20-min means of Q, Tair, and Ts. Annual NEE indicated that AL gained 536 g CO2 ? m 22 , WB lost 2 191 g CO2 ? m 22 , CW was near equilibrium (2 14 g CO2 ? m 22 ), and VL exhibited considerable carbon accumulation (153 g CO2 ? m 22 ). The lower GPP values of the land-use types dominated by native species (CW and VL) compared to WB and AL were compensated by positive NEE values that were maintained during a longer growing season. As expected, VL and CW allocated a larger proportion of their carbon assimilates belowground. Non\u2013growing-season RE accounted for about 19% of annual RE in all land-use types. The results of this landscape-level study suggest that carbon lost by cultivation of VLs is partially being restored when fields are left uncultivated, and that VLs are net sinks of carbon. Estimations of carbon balances have important management implications, such as estimation of ecosystem productivity and carbon credit certification. Resumen", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "abandoned fields", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2111/08-106.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Rangeland%20Ecology%20%26amp%3B%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2111/08-106.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.2111/08-106.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2111/08-106.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/su12051962", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:21:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-04", "title": "Transitioning European Protein-Rich Food Consumption and Production towards More Sustainable Patterns\u2014Strategies and Policy Suggestions", "description": "<p>Global and European diets have shifted towards greater consumption of animal proteins. Recent studies urge reversals of these trends and call for a rapid transition towards adoption of more plant-based diets. This paper explored mechanisms to increase the production and consumption of plant-proteins in Europe by 2030, using participatory backcasting. We identified pathways to the future (strategies), as well as interim milestones, barriers, opportunities and actions, with key European stakeholders in the agri-food chain. Results show that four strategies could be implemented to achieve the desired future: increased research and development, enriched consumer education and awareness, improved and connected supply and value chains and public policy supports. Actions needed to reach milestones were required immediately, reinforcing the need for urgent actions to tackle the protein challenge. This study concretely detailed how idealized dietary futures can be achieved in a real-world context. It can support EU protein transition by informing policy makers and the broader public on potential ways to move towards a more sustainable plant-based future. The outputs of this analysis have the potential to be combined with dietary scenarios to develop more temporally explicit models of future dietary changes and how to reach them.</p>", "keywords": ["future", "2. Zero hunger", "Agricultura", "pathways", "food security", "01 natural sciences", "stakeholders", "Econom\u00eda", "12. Responsible consumption", "sustainable agriculture", "meat substitutes", "Medio Ambiente", "plant protein", "13. Climate action", "backcasting", "value chain", "meat substitution", "europe", "diet", "plant proteins", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/5/1962/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/5/1962/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051962"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/su12051962", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/su12051962", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/su12051962"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:22:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "<p>Abstract. We present and discuss a new dataset of gridded emissions covering the historical period (1850\uffe2\uff80\uff932000) in decadal increments at a horizontal resolution of 0.5\uffc2\uffb0 in latitude and longitude. The primary purpose of this inventory is to provide consistent gridded emissions of reactive gases and aerosols for use in chemistry model simulations needed by climate models for the Climate Model Intercomparison Program #5 (CMIP5) in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Our best estimate for the year 2000 inventory represents a combination of existing regional and global inventories to capture the best information available at this point; 40 regions and 12 sectors are used to combine the various sources. The historical reconstruction of each emitted compound, for each region and sector, is then forced to agree with our 2000 estimate, ensuring continuity between past and 2000 emissions. Simulations from two chemistry-climate models is used to test the ability of the emission dataset described here to capture long-term changes in atmospheric ozone, carbon monoxide and aerosol distributions. The simulated long-term change in the Northern mid-latitudes surface and mid-troposphere ozone is not quite as rapid as observed. However, stations outside this latitude band show much better agreement in both present-day and long-term trend. The model simulations indicate that the concentration of carbon monoxide is underestimated at the Mace Head station; however, the long-term trend over the limited observational period seems to be reasonably well captured. The simulated sulfate and black carbon deposition over Greenland is in very good agreement with the ice-core observations spanning the simulation period. Finally, aerosol optical depth and additional aerosol diagnostics are shown to be in good agreement with previously published estimates and observations.                         </p>", "keywords": ["info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "IPCC", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Physics", "QC1-999", "emissions", "551", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "J", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "CMIP5", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "QD1-999", "AR5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:24:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-28", "title": "High-resolution and three-dimensional mapping of soil texture of China", "description": "The lack of detailed three-dimensional soil texture information largely restricts many applications in agriculture, hydrology, climate, ecology and environment. This study predicted 90 m resolution spatial variations of sand, silt and clay contents at a national extent across China and at multiple depths 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. We used 4579 soil profiles collected from a national soil series inventory conducted recently and currently available environmental covariates. The covariates characterized environmental factors including climate, parent materials, terrain, vegetation and soil conditions. We constructed random forest models and employed a parallel computing strategy for the predictions of soil texture fractions based on its relationship with the environmental factors. Quantile regression forest was used to estimate the uncertainty of the predictions. Results showed that the predicted maps were much more accurate and detailed than the conventional linkage maps and the SoilGrids250m product, and could well represent spatial variation of soil texture across China. The relative accuracy improvement was around 245\u2013370% relative to the linkage maps and 83\u2013112% relative to the SoilGrids250m product with regard to the R2, and it was around 24\u201326% and 14\u201319% respectively with regard to the RMSE. The wide range between 5% lower and 95% upper prediction limits may suggest that there was a substantial room to improve current predictions. Besides, we found that climate and terrain factors are major controllers for spatial patterns of soil texture in China. The heat and water-driven physical and chemical weathering and wind-driven erosion processes primarily shape the pattern of clay content. The terrain, wind and water-driven deposition, erosion and transportation sorting processes of soil particles primarily shape the pattern of silt. The findings provide clues for modeling future soil evolution and for national soil security management under the background of global and regional environmental changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Digital soil mapping", "13. Climate action", "Large extent", "Machine learning", "Environmental factors", "Uncertainty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089699"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8089699"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:24:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-20", "description": "Litter decomposition is an important component of nutrient cycling and carbon decomposition in grassland ecosystems,and livestock grazing has been a major human intervention to these process.The effects of grazing on litter decomposition vary with climate environment conditions and grassland vegetation types.Alpine mesophytic meadow and alpine semi-hydric marsh meadow are the two rangeland ecosystems commonly seen on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,which differentiate themselves by not only the physic/bio environments but also the plant species composition and therefore the litter qualities.In order to understand grazing effects on the litter decomposition of these two meadows,grazed and fenced plots were set respectively on the both meadows.The rates of decomposition and nutrient release were measured for the three littler samples(mesophytic meadow mixed litter,Deschampsia caespitos litter,and Potentilla anserine litter) in the alpine mesophytic meadow plots,and three litter samples(semi-hydric marsh mixed litter,Carex muliensis litter\u3001Kobresia tibetica litter) in the semi-hyddric marsh meadow plots.The four species generally also represented the dominant species showing respectively in the reverse succession series driven by grazing and climate warming.It was found that there were significant differences in litter decompositions for the dominant species.In alpine mesophytic meadow,Potentilla anserine decomposed faster than Deschampsia caespitos,while in alpine semi-hydric meadowKobresia tibetica decomposed more quickly.Grazing accelerated the litter decomposition in general,but the responses varied with the species.On the other hand,Deschamp siacaespitos and Carex muliensis have lower decomposition rates in the grazed plots.Grazing has little effect on organic carbon decomposition and the release of C,but positively affected on the release of N and P from the litters.The patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release of the dominant species suggested that there might exist a positive feedback effect in the alpine marsh meadow degradation due to the accelerating decomposition rate and C release along the reverse succession series.In addition,Potentilla anserine,a typical dominant species of in degraded meadow,was found to have higher litter quality and faster decomposition rate than the other species,reflecting that in the mesophytic community,the plant adopted 'evasion strategy' rather than 'resistance strategy' in response to heavy grazing.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u738b\u5fd7\u8fdc Wang Zhiyuan, \u5b59\u5e9a Sun Geng, \u5434\u5b81 Wu Ning, \u7f57\u5149\u8363 Luo Guangrong, \u5f20\u8273\u535a Zhang Yanbo, \u7f57\u9e4f Luo Peng, \u725f\u6210\u9999 Mou Chengxiang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201105220671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201105220671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201105220671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:26:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500\u2009m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial resolution of 500\u2009m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e.\u00a0fire-related forest loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30\u2009m forest loss data and MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500\u2009m model, we calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1\u00b10.2 (\u00b11\u03c3 interannual variability, IAV)\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 during 2002\u20132020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6\u00b10.7\u2009% (uncertainty range =1.9\u2009%\u20133.3\u2009%) of global burned area and 24\u00b16\u2009% (uncertainty range =16\u2009%\u201331\u2009%) of emissions, indicating that fuel consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13\u00b14\u2009% of global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4s. Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements. The higher resolution of the 500\u2009m model also contributed to the difference by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned area detection at resolutions of 30\u2009m and finer show a substantial amount of burned area that remains undetected with 500\u2009m sensors, suggesting that global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500\u2009m estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500\u2009m resolution provides a framework for further improvements with the development of new satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use in the next generation of GFED.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-06", "title": "Modeling Of Gross And Net Carbon Dioxide Exchange Over A Cool-Temperate Deciduous Broad-Leaved Forest In Japan: Analysis Of Seasonal And Interannual Change", "description": "A process-based model was developed to simulate daily gross carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes by photosynthesis and respiration, and net ecosystem CO2 exchange of a cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest in Takayama, Japan, one of the AsiaFlux sites. The model was derived from a simple carbon cycle model (called Sim-CYCLE), with several modifications to capture seasonal and interannual variability in the CO2 fluxes, which are regulated at the physiological level. The model for the Takayama site is composed of 12 carbon pools of canopy trees (deciduous), floor plants (evergreen), and soil organic carbon (litter and mineral soil), while the net ecosystem exchange (FNEE) is obtained from the difference between gross primary production (FGPP) and autotrophic (FAR) and heterotrophic (FHR) respiration. FGPP is estimated by using the Monsi\u2010Saeki model, including regulation of the photosynthetic capacity by temperature, CO2, and soil water content. FAR is composed of growth and maintenance components, each of which is regulated independently. FHRis a function of temperature and soil water content. Leaf phenology (display in spring and shedding in autumn) of the canopy deciduous trees is empirically determined by the cumulative temperature. The model simulation was conducted for the period from 1948 to 2002, and the results for 1991\u20102002 were analyzed. Daily FNEE simulated by the model were quantitatively consistent with observations by the eddy covariance method, implying model feasibility to capture the temporal variation in the carbon cycle: +1 g C m \ufffd 2 day \ufffd 1 (source) in late autumn to \ufffd 4gCm \ufffd 2 day \ufffd 1 (sink) in early summer. Because of a past disturbance and environmental change, the Takayama site was evaluated to be a net sink of atmospheric CO2 (1991\u20102002 average, \ufffd 206 g C m \ufffd 2 yr \ufffd 1 ). Leaf phenology of the canopy trees brought about a drastic seasonal change in the light environment and CO2 budget of the floor plants. A sensitivity analysis indicated that the critical ecophysiological parameters for the netecosystemexchangeofTakayamasitewerethemaximumphotosynthetic rate,minimumtemperature ofphotosynthesis,specific leaf maintenance respiration rate, and temperature dependence of maintenance respiration. Finally, several possible applications of the model are presented, and further model modifications are discussed. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2950304570", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:26:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-21", "title": "Novel tetrahedral Ag3PO4@N-rGO for photocatalytic detoxification of sulfamethoxazole: Process optimization, transformation pathways and biotoxicity assessment", "description": "Abstract   Global spreading of antibiotic resistant microorganisms and genes calls for the development of effective strategy to eliminate antibiotic pollution from the environment. Tetrahedral silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) is one of the master visible light photocatalysts but encountered the drawback of low stability due to photocorrosion. Integration of Ag3PO4 with N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) that has large specific surface area, ample functional groups and hetero atoms doping is anticipated to overcome the problem. Thus, the present study prepared high stability Ag3PO4@N-rGO hybrid catalysts and applied for detoxification of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Further, the operational parameters towards the photocatalytic degradation was systematically optimized to maximize the efficiency through response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The parameters that influenced the SMX degradation efficiency was as follows: pH\u202f>\u202fN-content\u202f>\u202fcatalyst dosage. Under the optimal conditions (catalyst dosage\u202f=\u202f0.2\u202fg/L, pH\u202f=\u202f5.8, and N-content\u2009of 5.14%), 93.8% of SMX degradation was obtained within 60\u202fmin. The plausible degradation products generation during the photocatalytic degradation of SMX was analyzed by LC-ESI/MS and the degradation pathway was proposed. In addition, the toxicity of the degradation products was investigated through Escherichia coli colony forming unit assay and a substantial biotoxicity reduction by this photodegradation was observed.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2950304570"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2950304570", "name": "item", "description": "2950304570", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2950304570"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:14:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-24", "title": "The Watershed-Scale Optimized And Rearranged Landscape Design (World) Model And Local Biomass Processing Depots For Sustainable Biofuel Production: Integrated Life Cycle Assessments", "description": "Abstract<p>An array of feedstock is being evaluated as potential raw material for cellulosic biofuel production. Thorough assessments are required in regional landscape settings before these feedstocks can be cultivated and sustainable management practices can be implemented. On the processing side, a potential solution to the logistical challenges of large biorefineries is provided by a network of distributed processing facilities called local biomass processing depots. A large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale cellulosic ethanol industry is likely to emerge soon in the United States. We have the opportunity to influence the sustainability of this emerging industry. The watershed\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale optimized and rearranged landscape design (WORLD) model estimates land allocations for different cellulosic feedstocks at biorefinery scale without displacing current animal nutrition requirements. This model also incorporates a network of the aforementioned depots. An integrated life cycle assessment is then conducted over the unified system of optimized feedstock production, processing, and associated transport operations to evaluate net energy yields (NEYs) and environmental impacts.</p><p>A sustainability assessment was conducted in a nine\uffe2\uff80\uff90county region of Michigan for the categories of cellulosic ethanol production, soil characteristics, water quality, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Making significant changes such as introducing perennial grasses, riparian buffers and double crops in current landscapes provides the largest absolute NEYs of about 53 GJ/ha while also attaining 120% gains in soil organic carbon, 103% lower nitrogen leaching, and 68% reductions in net GHG emissions (compared to a baseline of current conventional landscapes). Interestingly, minimizing certain environmental impacts also provides greater NEYs. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1426"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1426"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.04.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-24", "title": "Unusual neon isotopic composition in Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks: Fluorine bearing mineral contribution or trace of an impact event?", "description": "Abstract   Extraterrestrial materials have He and Ne isotopic compositions that are distinct from those of the Earth's surface. In order to track the extraterrestrial material accreted onto Earth during the Ediacaran period, we have analyzed the He and Ne isotopic composition of thirteen sedimentary rocks in the age range ~550\u2013600\u202fMa, coming from the Huqf supergroup in Oman for which carbon and sulfur isotopic data have been characterized previously.  3He/4He ratios range between 0.006\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.003 and 0.27\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.01 RA, with RA being the atmospheric ratio. 3He/4He ratios show a positive relationship with 3He contents ranging between 0.6 and 31\u202f\u00d7\u202f10\u221213\u202fcm3\u202fSTP\u00b7g\u22121. The 3He contents are within the literature data for 3 to 480\u202fMyr old samples with evidence of IDP 3He (IDP for interplanetary dust particles), suggesting that extraterrestrial 3He is still retained in such old samples.  20Ne/22Ne ratios are close to or below the modern atmospheric ratio of 9.8 with the minimum value equal to 9.05\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.03. 21Ne/22Ne ratios show a high range of variation, going from 0.0345\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.0009 to 0.0935\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.0023. The Ne isotopic compositions follow a nucleogenic trend similar to that of crustal fluids from the literature and predicted continental crust. However, one sample (3404) shows an unusual Ne isotopic composition with a lower 20Ne/22Ne at similar 21Ne/22Ne compared to the other samples.  Two hypotheses can explain this singular Ne isotopic composition. First, it could be the result of a particular nucleogenic trend due to the presence of F-bearing minerals in this sample. SEM-EDS elemental mapping showed that although F- and Ca-rich phases, which could correspond to fluorites, are present in sample 3404. However, their abundance of ~0.15% seems too low to explain the unusual Ne isotopic composition. However, due to the high uncertainty of the calculations, we cannot totally rule out this hypothesis. Alternatively, the singular Ne isotopic composition could be due to the presence of a Ne-A component, a component characterizing pre-solar diamonds contained in chondrites. This would indicate that a major object impacted the Earth at the time the sediment was forming, between ~600 and ~550\u202fMa, which is coherent with the estimated age range of the Acraman impact in Australia.", "keywords": ["[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ne-A", "Nucleogenic", "Ediacaran sedimentary rocks", "13. Climate action", "Noble gas", "Acraman impact", "Fluorite", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.04.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Geology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.04.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.04.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.04.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-18", "title": "Decomposition Of European Beech And Black Pine Foliar Litter Along An Alpine Elevation Gradient: Mass Loss And Molecular Characteristics", "description": "Abstract   Litter decomposition is an important process in global carbon (C) and nutrient cycles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of climate on litter decomposition along an altitudinal gradient in a temperate Alpine region, and to characterize the decompositional stages of the litter material with Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR). Foliar litter of European beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) and Black pine ( Pinus nigra ) was incubated in litterbags during two years in the Hochschwab massif of the Northern Limestone Alps of Austria. Six incubation sites were selected following an altitudinal/climatic transect from 1900 to 900\u00a0meters above sea level (m\u00a0asl), with soil properties (carbon:nitrogen\u2014C:N ratios and pH) being strongly influenced by vegetation. The results indicated that the climatic gradient played only a secondary role for decomposition rates. First year mass loss of both litter types was positively related to soil C:N ratio, which was the major explanatory variable in multiple regression analysis. For second year mass loss, soil pH appeared to be a determinant factor, while altitude was the least related parameter. The FT-MIR spectra of the remaining litter did not follow typical patterns of decomposing organic matter (OM) in forest litter horizons. A strong increase of most band areas\u2014particularly those at 1515, 1420, 1270, and 1230\u00a0cm \u2212\u00a01 \u2014suggested the accumulation of lignin in the remaining litter. We conclude that the effect of climate on litter mass loss can be offset by differences in soil parameters, possibly through related soil microbial populations.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-17", "title": "Effects Of Tillage On Contents Of Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, Water-Stable Aggregates And Light Fraction For Four Different Long-Term Trials", "description": "Abstract   Soil management may affect C and N dynamics in soils, but the underlying processes are not well understood. Our objective was to quantify the impact of different tillage treatments on the amount and distribution of free and occluded light fractions (fLF and oLF, respectively), on the water-stable macro-aggregate (>\u00a0250\u00a0\u03bcm) contents, and on organic carbon (Corg) storage. Four long-term tillage trials were carried out on loess soils in Germany with sugar beet followed by two years of winter wheat as crop rotations. The different tillage treatments trialled were regular conventional tillage (CT, to 30\u00a0cm), mulch tillage (MT, to 10\u00a0cm) and no-tillage (NT). Soils were sampled in 0\u20135\u00a0cm, 5\u201325\u00a0cm and 25\u201340\u00a0cm depth after 18\u201325\u00a0years of the different tillage treatments. These four long-term tillage trials on plots differing in soil texture and climatic conditions revealed consistent results between them. Average crop yields of sugar beet and winter wheat from 2004 to 2010 were higher under CT and MT than under NT. The NT and MT treatments produced significantly higher Corg contents than the CT treatment in 0\u20135\u00a0cm soil depth. The Corg stocks in the sampled profile, based on the equivalent soil mass approach (CT: 0\u201340, MT: 0\u201338, NT: 0\u201336\u00a0cm), were significantly higher for the MT treatment than for the CT and NT treatments. The fLF, oLF, and macro-aggregate contents were significantly higher for the NT and MT treatments than for the CT treatment in the top 5\u00a0cm, whereas in 5\u201325\u00a0cm depth, the oLF contents were significantly higher for the CT and MT treatments. The correlation of the macro-aggregate content against the fLF and oLF contents suggested that the macro-aggregate content is not directly influenced by the different tillage treatments but by the contents of available biomass, presumably due to the higher biomass input via higher crop yields under CT and MT and the vertical distribution of the residue input by mulching and plowing. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis suggested that the Corg content was the most important factor influencing the macro-aggregate content in the soils of the four long-term trials, whereas the contents of fLF and silt were negatively related to the macro-aggregate content.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-20", "title": "Calibrating an evapotranspiration model using radiometric surface temperature, vegetation cover fraction and near-surface soil moisture data", "description": "An accurate representation of the partitioning between soil evaporation and plant transpiration is an asset for modeling crop evapotranspiration (ET) along the agricultural season. The Two-Surface energy Balance (TSEB) model operates the ET partitioning by using the land surface temperature (LST), vegetation cover fraction (fc), and the Priestley Taylor (PT) assumption that relates transpiration to net radiation via a fixed PT coefficient (\u03b1PT). To help constrain the evaporation/transpiration partition of TSEB, a new model (named TSEB-SM) is developed by using, in addition to LST and fc data, the near-surface soil moisture (SM) as an extra constraint on soil evaporation. An innovative calibration procedure is proposed to retrieve three key parameters: \u03b1PT and the parameters (arss and brss) of a soil resistance formulation. Specifically, arss and brss are retrieved at the seasonal time scale from SM and LST data with fc\u202f \u202f0.5. The new ET model named TSEB-SM is tested over 1 flood- and 2 drip-irrigated wheat fields using in situ data collected during two field experiments in 2002\u20132003 and 2016\u20132017. The calibration algorithm is found to be remarkably stable as \u03b1PT, arss and brss parameters converge rapidly in few (2\u20133) iterations. Retrieved values of \u03b1PT, arss and brss are in the range 0.0\u20131.4, 5.7\u20139.5, and 1.4\u20136.9, respectively. Calibrated daily \u03b1PT mainly follows the phenology of winter wheat crop with a maximum value coincident with the full development of green biomass and a minimum value reached at harvest. The temporal variations of \u03b1PT before senescence are attributed to the dynamics of both root-zone soil moisture. Moreover, the overall (for the three sites) root mean square difference between the ET simulated by TSEB-SM and eddy-covariance measurements is 67\u202fW\u202fm\u22122 (24% relative error), compared to 108\u202fW\u202fm\u22122 (38% relative error) for the original version of TSEB using default parameterization (\u03b1PT\u202f=\u202f1.26). Such a calibration strategy has great potential for applications at multiple scales using remote sensing data including thermal-derived LST, solar reflectance-derived fc and microwave-derived SM.", "keywords": ["Priestley-taylor coefficient", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "TSEB modifid", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Vegetation cover fraction", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Turbulent heat fluxes", "Soil moisture", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Land surface temperature", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-13", "title": "Quantifying Nitrogen Loading From A Paddy Field In Shanghai, China With Modified Dndc Model", "description": "Abstract   Nitrogen (N) contamination from rice paddy cultivation has threatened the quality of water resources in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River. In this study, a 3-year experiment (2009\u20132011) was conducted at a typical rice field in the Huangpu River watershed. The rates of N loading via surface runoff and subsurface leaching from the field were measured with a permanently installed lysimeter system. In the experiment, four treatments were tested, including applications of only chemical fertilizer (CT), only organic manure (OT), a mixture of the two types of fertilizers (MT) and a control (CK). The field data indicated that the average rates of the seasonal N loading induced by both runoff and leaching for CK, CT, MT and OT were 3.38, 16.79, 15.07 and 7.14\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha, respectively. However, OT decreased the rice yields to 5482\u00a0kg/ha, whereas MT maintained the optimal yields of 6818\u00a0kg/ha. A process-based model, denitrification\u2013decomposition or DNDC, was adopted to assist with interpreting and integrating the experimental results. DNDC has been calibrated and validated against the field data and accurately simulated the N losses via surface runoff and subsurface leaching from the paddy field. The modeled seasonal N loading rates for CK, CT, MT and OT were 3.25, 18.84, 15.54 and 6.46\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha, respectively, which were in accordance with field observations. The modeled rice yields (4126\u20137365\u00a0kg/ha) across the treatments were also in agreement with the observations (3788\u20136818\u00a0kg/ha), though approximately 8% higher than observations. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that increases in precipitation or fertilization or decreases in soil clay fraction increased the N loading rate. In addition, the scenario simulation tests indicated that the application of urea at a rate of 170\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha was the optimal fertilization method for the rice field, which maintained the optimal rice yields with a relatively low rate of N loading of 11.55\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha. The revised DNDC model proved to be an effective tool for assessing best management practices that reduce N loading in rice paddy field in China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hanlin Zhang, Linkui Cao, Changsheng Li, Changsheng Li, Zheng Zhao, Qi Zhao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-10", "title": "Chemical And Biological Indicators Of Decline/Degradation Of Brachiaria Pastures In The Brazilian Cerrado", "description": "Abstract   Some years after their installation, areas of pasture planted to Brachiaria and other African grasses in the Brazilian savanna (\u201cCerrado\u201d) region show a continuous decline in forage and animal productivity. If no remedial measures are taken, plant cover decreases, the areas become invaded by weeds and the soil becomes compacted. In Brazil these pastures are described as degraded (\u201cdegradada\u201d) and this phenomenon has become the major limiting factor to extensive beef production. However, this process is not yet well understood. A series of evaluations were implemented in representative beef production areas in the Cerrado region in order to determine which chemical and biological parameters could best be used as indicators of degradation. Chronosequences of Brachiaria brizantha and Brachiaria decumbens pastures were used in this study. In degraded pastures the lowest quantities of plant litter and organic matter light fraction were observed, which are important pools in nutrient cycling. Soil microbial biomass carbon decreased as pastures age increased. Soil fertility and plant tissue analyses, and potentially mineralisable nitrogen were not suitable indicators of degradation. Physical fractionation by flotation of soil organic matter (SOM) macro-aggregates (>150\u00a0\u03bcm) differentiated very clearly more recently reformed B. brizantha pastures from a 20-year-old degraded B. decumbens pasture but this technique requires a lot of time and effort and did not show any very significant changes with age of the reformed pastures. The results of this study suggest that the most reliable and simple indicator of pasture decline was found to be the rate of litter deposition, followed by microbial biomass C and pasture regrowth after cutting.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "B. J. R. Alves, R. M. Boddey, Segundo Urquiaga, O. C. de Oliveira, I.P. de Oliveira,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:22:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-04", "title": "Quantifying exchangeable base cations in permafrost: a reserve of nutrients about to thaw", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Permafrost ecosystems are limited in nutrients for vegetation development and constrain the biological activity to the active layer. Upon Arctic warming, permafrost thaw exposes large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) to decomposition and minerals to weathering but also releases organic and mineral soil material that may directly influence the soil exchange properties (cation exchange capacity, CEC, and base saturation, BS). The soil exchange properties are key for nutrient base cation supply (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+) for vegetation growth and development. In this study, we investigate the distributions of soil exchange properties within Arctic tundra permafrost soils at Eight Mile Lake (Interior Alaska, USA) because they will dictate the potential reservoir of newly thawed nutrients and thereby influence soil biological activity and vegetation nutrient sources. Our results highlight much lower CEC density in surface horizons (\u223c9400\u2009cmolc\u2009m\u22123) than in the mineral horizons of the active layer (\u223c16\u2009000\u2009cmolc\u2009m\u22123) or in permafrost soil horizons (\u223c12\u2009000\u2009cmolc\u2009m\u22123). Together, with the overall increase in CEC density with depth and the overall increase in BS (percentage of CEC occupied by exchangeable base cations Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+) with depth (from \u223c19\u2009% in organic surface horizons to 62\u2009% in permafrost soil horizons), the total exchangeable base cation density (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+ in g\u2009m\u22123) is up to 5\u00a0times higher in the permafrost than in the active layer. More specifically, the exchangeable base cation density in the 20\u2009cm upper part of permafrost about to thaw is \u223c850\u2009g\u2009m\u22123 for Caexch, 45\u2009g\u2009m\u22123 for Kexch, 200\u2009g\u2009m\u22123 for Mgexch, and 150\u2009g\u2009m\u22123 for Naexch. This estimate is needed for future ecosystem prediction models to provide constraints on the size of the reservoir in exchangeable nutrients (Ca, K, Mg, and Na) about to thaw. All data described in this paper are stored in Dataverse, the online repository of Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, and are accessible through the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.14428/DVN/FQVMEP (Mauclet et al., 2022b).                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "nutrient", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "soil", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "arctic", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "permafrost", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.034", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-28", "title": "Effects Of Soil Conservation Measures On Erosion Rates And Crop Productivity On Subtropical Ultisols In Yunnan Province, China", "description": "Soil erosion in Yunnan Province, southwest China, is recognised as a major environmental problem. With some 95% of the Province classed as mountainous and the valleys and plains already fully utilised for agriculture, industry and urban growth, pressure on remaining land resources is high. Cultivation has steadily encroached onto increasingly steep and marginal land, which further accelerates erosion rates. Little published work is available of soil erosion rates or potential soil conservation measures in Yunnan. A collaborative research programme was initiated between Yunnan Agricultural University (YAU) and The University of Wolverhampton to study several potential soil conservation measures. Thirty runoff plots on the experimental farm of YAU were used to investigate the effectiveness of five treatments: conventional tillage (control), no-tillage, straw mulch, polythene mulch and intercropping. Plots were cropped with maize (Zea mays) sown either along the contour or downslope, on 3 \u25e6 ,1 0 \u25e6 and 27 \u25e6 slopes. Data on erosion rates and crop productivity were collected during four growing seasons (May\u2013October), 1993\u20131996 inclusive. Seasonal rainfall totals were 576.3, 768.3, 876.3 and 619.7 mm in 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Respective seasonal mean erosion rates equalled 0.73, 4.00, 7.56 and 0.05 t ha \u22121 . Straw mulch was very effective in decreasing erosion rates. In 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996, soil loss was 18, 66, 86 and 78% less than the conventionally tilled plots, respectively. Straw mulch maintained topsoil structure and encouraged infiltration, thus decreasing runoff and erosion rates. Conversely, erosion rates under conventional tillage were high. Erosion rates from the polythene mulch plots were similar to conventional tillage, as infiltration was effectively decreased, thereby concentrating runoff and channelling it towards exposed, inter-mulch areas. However, maize development and grain yields were consistently higher under the polythene mulch than the other treatments. Mean contour cultivation erosion rates were 31% less than downslope planting rates. The collaborative research on soil conservation is continuing, with a catchment-based research programme underway in Wang Jia catchment in Kedu Township, in northeast Yunnan. \u00a9 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D.J. Mitchell, A.P. Barton, Zheng Yuan Xia, Trevor J. Hocking, Liguang Liu, Michael A. Fullen, Zhi Wu Bo, Yi Zheng,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.034"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.034", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.034", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.034"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120283", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-27", "title": "Imprint of chemical weathering and hydrothermalism on the Ge/Si ratio and Si isotope composition of rivers in a volcanic tropical island, Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe (French West Indies)", "description": "Abstract   A significant portion of the disproportionally high chemical weathering flux in volcanic island arcs may originate from hydrothermal fluid-rock interaction, thereby compromising the accurate estimate of atmospheric CO2 consumption rates. The objective of this study is to evaluate how the riverine Ge/Si ratio and Si isotopes, two well-established tracers of weathering, respond to hydrothermal inputs. The work took place in Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, a tropical volcanic island with a dense river network, high chemical weathering fluxes and various hydrothermal surface manifestations. We characterized the Ge/Si ratio and \u03b430Si of 15 thermal springs, nine non-impacted (NI) rivers and 13 hydrothermally-impacted (HI) rivers. The soil solution from a highly weathered soil profile (Ferralsol) and a clayey-rock corresponding to the material exposed in an extinct hydrothermal system were also measured. A new purification method was successfully developed in order to allow the reliable measurement of Si isotopes in SO42\u2212- and Cl\u2212-rich thermal spring and HI river waters by mass spectrometry. Basse-Terre's thermal springs have variable Ge/Si ratios (0.05\u201321.03\u00a0\u03bcmol.mol\u22121) and \u03b430Si (0.71\u20131.50\u2030), but with no apparent relationship to the water compositional type. The Ge/Si ratio (0.15\u20132.57\u00a0\u03bcmol.mol\u22121) and Si isotope composition (0.26\u20131.21\u2030) values of the NI rivers reveal differences in the watersheds' weathering degree. Dissolution of Ge- and 28Si-rich secondary minerals explains the high Ge/Si and isotopically light composition of the northern NI rivers draining strongly weathered terranes. The Ge/Si ratio and \u03b430Si values measured for the NI and HI rivers overlap, implying that they cannot be used to diagnose hydrothermal contributions to river basins unambiguously. However, when combined with the Cl\u2212 and SO42\u2212 concentrations, the analysis of Ge and Si in the HI rivers suggests that water seeping through an extinct hydrothermal system produces SO4-rich drainages with distinctively lower Ge/Si ratios than those inferred for watersheds receiving thermal spring discharges associated with an active hydrothermal system. Overall, our results provide new constraints for applying and interpreting Ge/Si and Si isotope measurements to study weathering in volcanic environments.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Volcanic hydrothermal system", "Chemical weathering", "River geochemistry", "Si isotope", "Ge/Si ratio", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "Guadeloupe", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120283"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Geology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120283", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120283", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120283"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:14:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-10", "title": "Simultaneous determination of multiclass antibiotics and their metabolites in four types of field-grown vegetables", "description": "The developed method was evaluated for the determination of 10 antibiotics belonging to four chemical classes (fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, lincosamides, and metoxybenzylpyrimidines) and six of their metabolites in four vegetable matrices (lettuce, tomato, cauliflower, and broad beans). The reported method detection limits were sufficiently low (0.1-5.8\u00a0ng/g dry weight) to detect target compounds in vegetables under real agricultural practices. Absolute and relative recovery values ranged from 40 to 118% and from 70 to 118%, respectively, for all targeted compounds at the spike level of 100\u00a0ng/g dry weight. Regarding method precision, the highest relative standard deviation (RSD) was obtained for enrofloxacin in lettuce (20%), while for the rest of the compounds in all matrices, the RSD values were below 20% for the same spike level. Matrix effects, due to electrospray ionization, ranged from -\u200926 to 29% for 85% of all estimated values. In a field study, four of the 10 targeted antibiotics were detected in tested vegetables. For the first time, antibiotic metabolites were quantified in vegetables grown under real field conditions. More specifically, decarboxyl ofloxacin and TMP304 were detected in tomato fruits (1.5\u00a0ng/g dry weight) and lettuce leaves (21.0-23.1\u00a0ng/g dry weight), respectively. It is important to remark that the concentration of TMP304 was five times higher than that from the parental compound, emphasizing the importance of metabolite analysis in monitoring studies. Therefore, the method provided a robust, reliable, and simple-to-use tool that could prove useful for routine multiclass analysis of antibiotics and their metabolites in vegetable samples. Graphical abstract.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Spectrometry", " Mass", " Electrospray Ionization", "Agricultural Irrigation", "Solid Phase Extraction", "Reproducibility of Results", "LC-ESI-MS/MS", "01 natural sciences", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "0104 chemical sciences", "3. Good health", "Antibiotics", "Limit of Detection", "Ultrasound-assisted extraction", "Vegetables", "Metabolites", "Chromatography", " Liquid", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tadi\u0107, \u0110or\u0111e, Matamoros, V\u00edctor, Bayona, Josep M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Analytical%20and%20Bioanalytical%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00216-019-01895-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:14:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-27", "title": "Biological Nitrogen Fixation By Common Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Increases With Bio-Char Additions", "description": "This study examines the potential, magnitude, and causes of enhanced biological N2 fixation (BNF) by common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) through bio-char additions (charcoal, biomass-derived black carbon). Bio-char was added at 0, 30, 60, and 90 g kg\u22121 soil, and BNF was determined using the isotope dilution method after adding 15N-enriched ammonium sulfate to a Typic Haplustox cropped to a potentially nodulating bean variety (CIAT BAT 477) in comparison to its non-nodulating isoline (BAT 477NN), both inoculated with effective Rhizobium strains. The proportion of fixed N increased from 50% without bio-char additions to 72% with 90 g kg\u22121 bio-char added. While total N derived from the atmosphere (NdfA) significantly increased by 49 and 78% with 30 and 60 g kg\u22121 bio-char added to soil, respectively, NdfA decreased to 30% above the control with 90 g kg\u22121 due to low total biomass production and N uptake. The primary reason for the higher BNF with bio-char additions was the greater B and Mo availability, whereas greater K, Ca, and P availability, as well as higher pH and lower N availability and Al saturation, may have contributed to a lesser extent. Enhanced mycorrhizal infections of roots were not found to contribute to better nutrient uptake and BNF. Bean yield increased by 46% and biomass production by 39% over the control at 90 and 60 g kg\u22121 bio-char, respectively. However, biomass production and total N uptake decreased when bio-char applications were increased to 90 g kg\u22121. Soil N uptake by N-fixing beans decreased by 14, 17, and 50% when 30, 60, and 90 g kg\u22121 bio-char were added to soil, whereas the C/N ratios increased from 16 to 23.7, 28, and 35, respectively. Results demonstrate the potential of bio-char applications to improve N input into agroecosystems while pointing out the needs for long-term field studies to better understand the effects of bio-char on BNF.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "fijaci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica del nitr\u00f3geno", "phaseolus vulgaris", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "biological nitrogen fixation", "15. Life on land", "suelo \u00e1cido", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "acid soils", "6. Clean water", "rhizobium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mycorrhizae", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Juan Ram\u00edrez, Johannes Lehmann, Mar\u00eda del Pilar Hurtado, Marco Antonio Rond\u00f3n, Marco Antonio Rond\u00f3n,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-09", "title": "Carbon sequestration and net emissions of CH4 and N2O under agroforestry: Synthesizing available data and suggestions for future studies", "description": "Abstract   While there have been many valuable individual studies of the effects of agroforestry on changes in net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, this information has not yet been brought together to provide an overall assessment of the effects of agroforestry. We therefore compiled and analysed data from 109 earlier observations from 56 peer-reviewed publications of net rates of change of biomass and/or soil carbon (C) stocks in agroforestry systems, and from 26 data sets from 15 peer-reviewed publications of net changes in the emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). We categorized agroforestry into two distinct types: tree-crop coexistence types where trees and agricultural crops are grown together (type 1) and tree-crop rotation type where trees and crops are grown alternately on the same piece of land (type 2). We primarily assessed the changes in C storage and net GHG emissions between agriculture and type 1 agroforestry. The data showed high variability in net C sequestration rates in both biomass and soils depending on the type of agroforestry, with reported C increments ranging from 0.3 to 7.7\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 in biomass and 1.0 to 7.4\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 in soils. On average, type 1 stands sequestered 3.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 in above-ground biomass, with no evidence of changed rates for stands aged 5\u201325 years. All available studies exclusively reported increases in soil C stocks, with highest reported soil C sequestration rates of more than 8\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 for the first year after agroforestry establishment. Averaged across all observations, soil C sequestration rates were about 2\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 in youngest stands that gradually diminished with time since stand establishment. Overall, type 1 agroforestry stands (at an average age of 14 years) sequestered 7.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.8\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121, with biomass and soil C sequestration contributing about 70% and 30% of that increment, respectively. Soils under agroforestry also oxidised 1.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0kg CH4 ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 and emitted 7.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.3\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121. Comparing agroforestry and adjacent agricultural lands, we found only minor differences in net CH4 and N2O emissions, with no clear overall direction of change. Overall, agroforestry was estimated to contribute to mitigating 27\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014\u00a0t CO2 equivalents ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 at least for the first 14 years after establishment. It is suggested that future studies should consider strategic approaches for data acquisition that develop comprehensive approaches to quantify all components of the GHG balance, relate net GHG emissions with quantification of the yield of produce, and develop models to summarise the findings.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-013-9690-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:14:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-28", "title": "Pedogenic Thresholds And Soil Process Domains In Basalt-Derived Soils", "description": "Pedogenic thresholds occur where soil properties change abruptly and/or nonlinearly with a small increment in environmental forcing; soil process domains are the regions between thresholds where soils change much more gradually across a large range of environmental forcing. We evaluated thresholds and domains in basalt-derived soils on two rainfall gradients in Hawaii\u2014one from 260 to 3,540 mm/y precipitation on 150,000-year-old substrate, the other from 600 to 3,760 mm/y on 4,100,000-year-old substrate. We identified thresholds associated with the initiation of biological uplift of nutrients at about 700 mm/y on the younger substrate, the depletion of primary minerals at about 2,100 mm/y on the younger and about 900 mm/y on the older substrate, and the initiation of anoxic conditions and associated Fe mobility at about 2,500 mm/y on the older substrate. These thresholds delineated process domains characterized by pedogenic carbonate accumulation and wind erosion (dry young substrate); by weathering and biological uplift of nutrients (intermediate rainfall young substrate and dry old substrate); by surface Fe enrichment and nutrient depletion (wet young substrate and intermediate rainfall old substrate); and by Fe mobilization and loss (wet old substrate). Soils on the older substrate were more highly weathered, lower in total and available P, and characterized by more crystalline clays than otherwise comparable soils on the younger substrate. Prior to European contact, Hawaiian cultivators developed an intensive rainfed agricultural system in the weathering/biological uplift domain on the younger substrate; we suggest that only this domain could support indigenous agricultural intensification in upland soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "biological uplift", "pedogenic threshold", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Hawaii", "gradient", "weathering", "Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "indigenous agriculture", "process domain", "Environmental Sciences", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "basalt-derived soil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vitousek, Peter M, Chadwick, Oliver A,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt0267w3mm/qt0267w3mm.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-013-9690-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-013-9690-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-013-9690-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-013-9690-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102940", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-23", "title": "Haze emissions from smouldering peat: The roles of inorganic content and bulk density", "description": "Abstract   Smouldering peat fires are reported across continents and their emissions result in regional haze crisis (large scale accumulation of smoke at low altitudes) and large carbon foot prints. Inorganic content (IC) and bulk density vary naturally in peatlands and are among the important parameters governing peat fires. However, their roles in fire emissions remain unknown. In this work, bench-scale burning of sphagnum peat conditioned to different values of IC and bulk densities were conducted in the laboratory environment. Mass loss rate, spread rate and transient emissions of 20 gas species and particles (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) were simultaneously investigated. We found that peat with 50% moisture content can self-sustain smouldering propagation if IC is less than 40%, or its bulk density is lower than 287.5\u202fkg\u202fm\u22123. Increasing IC or bulk density decreases peat mass loss rate and spread rate. High IC peat releases lower gas fluxes (especially for CH4 and NH3) throughout the experiment. In the ignition stage, increasing IC leads to an increase in particles with diameter between 1 and 2.5\u202f\u03bcm; in the fire spread stage, IC has no influence on the particle fluxes. In contrast, increasing bulk density delays both gas and particle emission fluxes without altering the smoke composition significantly. The fundamental understanding of how soil properties affect peat wildfires facilitates the development of mitigation technologies against haze.", "keywords": ["SHALLOW", "Technology", "Engineering", " Civil", "550", "Inorganic content", "Materials Science", "0904 Chemical Engineering", "TRANSIENT GAS", "Materials Science", " Multidisciplinary", "02 engineering and technology", "Pollutant", "MOISTURE", "Civil Engineering", "01 natural sciences", "630", "COMBUSTION", "Engineering", "0204 chemical engineering", "FIRES", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Multidisciplinary", "Science & Technology", "Civil", "Peat", "15. Life on land", "Bulk density", "IGNITION", "0911 Maritime Engineering", "13. Climate action", "PARTICLE EMISSIONS", "SPREAD", "Biomass combustion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102940"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Fire%20Safety%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102940", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102940", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102940"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es303459h", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-22", "title": "Environmental And Economic Trade-Offs In A Watershed When Using Corn Stover For Bioenergy", "description": "There is an abundant supply of corn stover in the United States that remains after grain is harvested which could be used to produce cellulosic biofuels mandated by the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). This research integrates the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) watershed model and the DayCent biogeochemical model to investigate water quality and soil greenhouse gas flux that results when corn stover is collected at two different rates from corn-soybean and continuous corn crop rotations with and without tillage. Multiobjective watershed-scale optimizations are performed for individual pollutant-cost minimization criteria based on the economic cost of each cropping practice and (individually) the effect on nitrate, total phosphorus, sediment, or global warming potential. We compare these results with a purely economic optimization that maximizes stover production at the lowest cost without taking environmental impacts into account. We illustrate trade-offs between cost and different environmental performance criteria, assuming that nutrients contained in any stover collected must be replaced. The key finding is that stover collection using the practices modeled results in increased contributions to atmospheric greenhouse gases while reducing nitrate and total phosphorus loading to the watershed relative to the status quo without stover collection. Stover collection increases sediment loading to waterways relative to when no stover is removed for each crop rotation-tillage practice combination considered; no-till in combination with stover collection reduced sediment loading below baseline conditions without stover collection. Our results suggest that additional information is needed about (i) the level of nutrient replacement required to maintain grain yields and (ii) cost-effective management practices capable of reducing soil erosion when crop residues are removed in order to avoid contributions to climate change and water quality impairments as a result of using corn stover to satisfy the RFS.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Models", " Economic", "Water Supply", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Water Quality", "Gases", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es303459h"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es303459h", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es303459h", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es303459h"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-25", "title": "A Multi-Site Analysis Of Random Error In Tower-Based Measurements Of Carbon And Energy Fluxes", "description": "Measured surface-atmosphere fluxes of energy (sensible heat, H, and latent heat, LE) and CO2 (FCO2) represent the \u2018\u2018true\u2019\u2019 flux plus or minus potential random and systematic measurement errors. Here, we use data from seven sites in the AmeriFlux network, including five forested sites (two of which include \u2018\u2018tall tower\u2019\u2019 instrumentation), one grassland site, and one agricultural site, to conduct a cross-site analysis of random flux error. Quantification of this uncertainty is a prerequisite to model-data synthesis (data assimilation) and for defining confidence intervals on annual sums of net ecosystem exchange or making statistically valid comparisons between measurements and model predictions. We differenced paired observations (separated by exactly 24 h, under similar environmental conditions) to infer the characteristics of the random error in measured fluxes. Random flux error more closely follows a double-exponential (Laplace), rather than a normal (Gaussian), distribution, and increase as a linear function of the magnitude of the flux for all three scalar fluxes. Across sites, variation in the random error follows consistent and robust patterns in relation to environmental variables. For example, seasonal differences in the random error for H are small, in contrast to both LE and FCO2, for which the random errors are roughly three-fold larger at the peak of the growing season compared to the dormant season. Random errors also generally scale with Rn (H and LE) and PPFD (FCO2). For FCO2 (but not H or LE), the random error decreases with increasing wind speed. Data from two sites suggest that FCO2 random error may be slightly smaller when a closed-path, rather than open-path, gas analyzer is used.", "keywords": ["Random error", "Flux", "550", "carbon", "Uncertainty", "0207 environmental engineering", "AmeriFlux", "Eddy covariance", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "flux", "Measurement error", "13. Climate action", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "Data assimilation", "eddy covariance", "Ameriflux", "uncertainty", "random error", "data assimilation", "measurement error", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-11", "title": "Agro-C: A Biogeophysical Model For Simulating The Carbon Budget Of Agroecosystems", "description": "We developed a biogeophysical model called Agro-C to assess the regional carbon budgets of agroecosystems on a large scale. The model consists of two submodels, Crop-C and Soil-C. Crop-C simulates crop photosynthesis, autotrophic respiration and net primary production (NPP). Soil-C simulates soil heterotrophic respiration via the decomposition of both input organic carbon and soil organic carbon (SOC). Changes in SOC are determined by balancing the loss of soil carbon with the sequestration of input organic carbon. The model also simulates the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) between cropland and the atmosphere. Agro-C was validated against independent datasets from the literature, multi-year agricultural statistics, and field measurements in China. These datasets covered areas with a range of climates, soils, crop rotations and agricultural practices. Model validation showed that Crop-C simulated NPP quite well for rice, wheat and maize, and reasonably well for cotton, while it did not simulate NPP well for soybean and rapeseed. Changes in SOC at different sites could be properly simulated, although there was a systematic negative bias. Observed seasonal fluctuations of NEE in a winter wheat-maize rotation system were well captured by Agro-C, but a discrepancy existed at a daily timescale. These systematic biases and errors may result from imperfect inputs, insufficient knowledge and inappropriate simplifications during model development. We conclude that the Agro-C can simulate crop NPP and changes in SOC under various conditions of climate, soil, and agricultural practices in general, making it possible to extrapolate the model to a wider domain. Agro-C also has the potential for modeling net CO2 exchange between cropland and the atmosphere. Further improvements of Agro-C should focus on the enhancement of its descriptive power for key processes, as well as on parameterization, re-calibration and validation using spatiotemporal datasets across a wider domain so that it can be more applicable to broader regions. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-20", "title": "Seasonal And Interannual Patterns Of Carbon And Water Fluxes Of A Poplar Plantation Under Peculiar Eco-Climatic Conditions", "description": "This paper reports 3 years of eddy covariance measurements (2002-2004) on a poplar plantation (Populus; x cancidensis Moench, Clone I-214) in Northern Italy. We analyzed seasonal and interannual variability of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R(ECO)) and evapotranspiration (ET) in relation to different meteorological and environmental conditions experienced by the plantation and to natural disturbances. In particular, during 2003 climatic conditions were exceptionally severe, with the highest mean air temperatures and the lowest precipitations observed in the study area in the last 50 years. In addition, during the late summer of 2004, the plantation was attacked by fall webworm larvae (Hyphantria cunea). The cumulated NEE during the three growing season (April-September) was -752.8, -626.7 and -702.7 g C m(-2) for 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. In the period June-August 2003, NEE was 35% and 29% higher than the NEE measured in the same period in 2002 and 2004, respectively, resulting in a lower net carbon uptake. As R(ECO) did not show large differences over the three growing seasons, the reduction in net carbon sequestration of June-August 2003 is mainly explained by a reduction of GPP (-18% and -17% in 2002 and 2004, respectively). The cumulated ET over the three growing seasons was 388, 471, 484 kg H(2)O m(-2) for 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. This behaviour was due to the fact that the position of the water table remained close to the roots, therefore supplying enough water to the plantation, even during the driest period. The analysis of light curve parameters, their residuals and canopy conductance suggests that the reduction Of CO(2) uptake during summer 2003 was mainly controlled by stomatal and non-stomatal limitations due to high temperatures, directly and in particular indirectly (i.e. through D) rather than by soil water stress. In conclusion, our study shows that in the presence of a heat-wave, a significant reduction of net productivity during summer may occur even in the absence of marked soil water stress. In addition to this sensitivity to high temperatures, which will likely increase in the future, the effects of natural disturbances may add further uncertainties, thus suggesting caution in the evaluation of the potential carbon sequestration of these ecosystems. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["Poplar plantations; 2003 Heat-wave; Eddy covariance; Net ecosystem exchange", "13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-17", "title": "Nutrient removal effectiveness by riparian buffer zones in rural temperate watersheds: The impact of no-till crops practices", "description": "Abstract   Riparian buffer zones have the potential to capture chemical contaminants and to mitigate detrimental side-effects in aquatic ecosystems derived from excess fertilizers used in agro-food production. No-till farming systems are well known agricultural practices and are widely used in temperate areas. In that regard, different settings and widths of riparian buffer zones (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60\u00a0m) with woody vegetation, shrubs or grasses were assessed. The methodology was comprised of the evaluation of a large number of experimental sites and the sampling was conducted after the first rain period and respective fertilizer applications. The results point to the fact that effectiveness is largely controlled by buffer zone width and vegetation type. Indeed, buffer zones with 60\u00a0m width composed of woody soils were more effective in phosphorus (99.9%) and nitrogen (99.9%) removal when compared to shrub (66.4% and 83.9%, respectively) or grass vegetation (52.9% and 61.6%, respectively) areas. Woody vegetation has deep rooting systems and woody soils have a higher content of organic matter when compared to grass and shrubs areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "water contamination", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "nutrients", "no-till systems", "temperate climate zones", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "14. Life underwater", "phosphorous", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-006-9077-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-30", "title": "Effects Of Forest Management On Soil N Cycling In Beech Forests Stocking On Calcareous Soils", "description": "The effects of forest management (thinning) on gross and net N conversion, the balance of inorganic N production and consumption, inorganic N concentrations and on soil microbial biomass in the Ah layer were studied in situ during eight intensive field measuring campaigns in the years 2002\u20132004 at three beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest sites. At all sites adjacent thinning plots (\u201cT\u201d) and untreated control plots (\u201cC\u201d) were established. Since the sites are characterized either by cool-moist microclimate (NE site and NW site) or by warm-dry microclimate (SW site) and thinning took place in the year 1999 at the NE and SW sites and in the year 2003 at the NW site the experimental design allowed to evaluate (1) short-term effects (years 1\u20132) of thinning at the NW site and (2) medium-term effects (years 4\u20136) of thinning under different microclimate at the SW and NE site. Microbial biomass N was consistently higher at the thinning plots of all sites during most of the field campaigns and was overall significantly higher at the SWT and NWT plots as compared to the corresponding untreated control plots. The size of the microbial biomass N pool was found to correlate positively with both gross ammonification and gross nitrification as well as with extractable soil NO                   3                   \u2212                  concentrations. At the SW site neither gross ammonification, gross nitrification, gross ammonium (NH                   4                   +                 ) immobilization and gross nitrate (NO                   3                   \u2212                 ) immobilization nor net ammonification, net nitrification and extractable NH                   4                   +                  and NO                   3                   \u2212                  contents were significantly different between control and thinning plot. At the NET plot lower gross ammonification and gross NH                   4                   +                  immobilization in conjunction with constant nitrification rates coincided with higher net nitrification and significantly higher extractable NO                   3                   \u2212                  concentrations. Thus, the medium-term effects of thinning varied with different microclimate. The most striking thinning effects were found at the newly thinned NW site, where gross ammonification and gross NH                   4                   +                  immobilization were dramatically higher immediately after thinning. However, they subsequently tended to decrease in favor of gross nitrification, which was significantly higher at the NWT plot as compared to\u2423the\u2423NWC plot during all field campaigns after\u2423thinning except for April 2004. This increase\u2423in\u2423gross nitrification at the NWT plot (1.73\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0sdw\u00a0day\u22121 versus 0.48\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121 sdw\u00a0day\u22121 at the NWC plot) coincided with significantly higher extractable NO                   3                   \u2212                  concentrations (4.59\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121 sdw at the NWT plot versus 0.96\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0sdw at the NWC plot). Pronounced differences in relative N retention (the ratio of gross NH                   4                   +                  immobilization + gross NO                   3                   \u2212                  immobilization to gross ammonification + gross nitrification) were found across the six research plots investigated and could be positively correlated to the soil C/N ratio (R\u00a0=\u00a00.94; p\u00a0=\u00a00.005). In sum, the results obtained in this study show that (1) thinning can lead to a shift in the balance of microbial inorganic N production and consumption causing a clear decrease in the N retention capacity in the monitored forest soils especially in the first two years after thinning, (2)\u2423the resistance of the investigated forest ecosystems to disturbances of N cycling by thinning may vary with different soil C contents and C/N ratios, e. g. caused by differences in microclimate, (3) thinning effects tend to decline with the growth of understorey vegetation in the years 4\u20136 after thinning.", "keywords": ["Earth sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-9077-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-006-9077-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-006-9077-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-006-9077-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-18", "title": "The Practical Use Of Water Management Based On Soil Redox Potential For Decreasing Methane Emission From A Paddy Field In Japan", "description": "Abstract   Water management is one of the most effective options in decreasing methane (CH4) emission from a paddy field. We have proposed the water management based on soil redox potential (Eh) named \u2018Eh control\u2019, and demonstrated the effectiveness of Eh control in decreasing CH4 emission in pot experiments. The objective of the present study was to consider the practicability of Eh control under field conditions.  Two-year experiments were carried out in a paddy field at the Agricultural and Forestry Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Japan in 2003 and 2004. Experimental factors were water management and rice (Oryza sativa L., cultivar: Koshihikari) straw treatment. Two methods of water management during rice growing period were continuous flooding and Eh control. For Eh control, drainage was carried out whenever the soil Eh decreased to \u2212150\u00a0mV, and flooding was carried out whenever the soil Eh increased to 0\u00a0mV in 2003 and 100\u00a0mV in 2004. Two methods of rice straw treatment were application and removal in the preceding winters of all straw harvested. The CH4 flux was measured by a closed chamber method and the total emission during the growing period was estimated. Rice grain and straw yields were examined by a quadrat sampling method. The yield component was analyzed only in 2004.  The total CH4 emission was decreased by Eh control to 36% of continuous flooding on the 2-year average. Although straw application hastened the decrease in soil Eh when compared with straw removal, it did not affect the total CH4 emission. Rice grain and straw yields were not affected by the experimental factors. However, yield component analysis showed that Eh control increased the number of panicles per hill and resulted in increased brown rice yield. Straw application also increased the number of panicles per hill, but did not affect brown rice yield.  Consequently, the present study demonstrates the practicability of Eh control under the field conditions on an experimental level. Two important suggestions were obtained from the above results. One is that Eh control decreases CH4 emission to a minimum level according to the range of soil Eh determined. Another is that it may be possible to change the range of soil Eh to a more positive value that will decrease CH4 emission more and increase rice grain yield.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Carbon Dynamics And Sequestration In An Irrigated Vertisol In Central Mexico", "description": "Abstract   Conservation tillage could enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, but is rarely used in cropping systems in Mexico, especially under irrigation. A study was conducted on a clayey, smectitic, isothermic Udic Pellustert to evaluate the use of traditional-deep and no-tillage systems on SOC dynamics for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)\u2013corn (Zea mays L.) and wheat\u2013bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cropping systems. Experimental design was a randomized block of five tillage/crop-rotation (two crops per year) systems with four replications: (WC-CTb) wheat\u2013corn, burning the residues of both crops, plowing and disking twice (WC-CT) wheat\u2013corn under conventional tillage (plowing and disking twice to incorporate crop residues following the harvest of each crop), (WC-NT) wheat\u2013corn under no-till, (WB-CT) wheat\u2013bean under conventional tillage, and (WB-NT) wheat\u2013bean under no-till. Each crop in the sequence received one of three fertilizer-N rates broadcast as urea: (a) 0, 150, and 300\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 for corn; (b) 0, 40, and 80\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 for bean; and (c) 0, 125, and 250\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 for wheat. The baseline year was 1994, and relative changes were measured from 1994 to 1999 for grain yield and residue production, crop residue C and \u03b413C, SOC, soil C/N ratio, and change in soil \u03b413C. Interaction of cropping system\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0fertilizer-N rate was highly important to grain yield and crop residue production and amount of crop-residue C produced. High N rates increased SOC sequestration and decreased soil C/N ratios. In WC systems, more negative \u03b413C was associated with higher N rates, indicating increased contribution of wheat (a C3 plant) residue C relative to corn (a C4 plant). In WB, N-rate and tillage had no effect on SOC sequestration. Highest rate of SOC sequestration was under WC-NT and when increases in SOC from 1994 to 1999 were annualized was 1.0 and 1.9\u00a0Mg\u00a0SOC\u00a0yr\u22121 in the 0\u201315- and 15\u201330-cm depths, respectively. Corresponding SOC in 0\u201315- and 15\u201330-cm depths in the WC-CT treatment was 0.2 and 0.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0yr\u22121 and amounts in all other treatments were equal or lower than those observed for WC-CT. There was a significant correlation between aboveground crop-residue C produced and amount of SOC sequestered. Results from this study indicate no-till on N-fertilized WC systems can potentially increase SOC sequestration on large areas of irrigated Vertisols in Central Mexico while maintaining high crop yields.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Javier Z. Castellanos, Ronald F. Follett, Edward D. Buenger,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-14", "title": "Influence Of No-Tillage On The Distribution And Lability Of Phosphorus In Finnish Clay Soils", "description": "Abstract   No-tillage (NT) is a method adopted to reduce erosion and particulate phosphorus (P) load from arable land to watercourses. However, it has been found to increase the loss of dissolved P with surface runoff, but the reasons for that have rarely been examined in detail. The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical factors explaining this response by investigating the impact of NT on the type and distribution of P reserves as well as on organic carbon (C) in the 0\u201335\u00a0cm topsoil layer of clay soil profiles (Vertic Cambisols). Soil samples were taken from two experimental fields (Jokioinen and Aurajoki) at 0\u20135, 5\u201320 and 20\u201335\u00a0cm depths in conventionally tilled (CT) and non-tilled (for 4\u20135 years) plots. The plots had been cultivated and fertilized according to the common field practices in Finland (15\u201318\u00a0kg\u00a0P and 100\u2013128\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ).  Inorganic and organic P reserves characterized by a modified Chang and Jackson fractionation procedure were not significantly affected by the cultivation methods. However, in the uppermost soil layer (0\u20135\u00a0cm) in NT of the Jokioinen field, the labile P determined by water extraction (P w ) increased significantly, whereas the increase in P extracted with acid ammonium acetate (P AAC ) remained statistically insignificant. The increase in labile P coincided with a significant increase in organic carbon (C), which supports the theory that competition between organic anions and phosphate for the same sorption sites on oxide surfaces will enhance the lability of soil P. In the Aurajoki field with distinct soil cracking, P w  and P AAC  were not affected by NT in the uppermost soil layer, but they increased in the deepest soil layer (20\u201335\u00a0cm) concomitantly with an increase in Al-bound P and organic C. However, the increases were not statistically significant. In both fields, soil acidification due to the repeated application of N fertilizers at a shallow soil depth as well as the accumulation of organic C lowered pH of the uppermost soil layer in NT compared to the deeper soil layers. The results indicated that even short-term NT can increase the labile P in clay soil. However, further studies are needed to assess the long-term changes in lability of surface soil P and, consequently, the possible need for readjustment of the fertilization level in NT.", "keywords": ["suorakylv\u00f6", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "puskurikyky", "6. Clean water", "ploughing", "inorganic phosphorus", "kynt\u00f6", "Suomi", "clay soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "savimaat", "water-soluble phosphorus", "phosphorus", "fosfori", "P buffering capacit", "vesiliukoinen fosfori", "Finland", "ep\u00e4orgaaninen fosfori", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-08", "title": "The Impact Of Changes In The Timing Of Precipitation On The Herbaceous Understorey Of Mediterranean Evergreen Oak Woodlands", "description": "Abstract   Climate change scenarios for the Iberian Peninsula predict increasing temperatures and increasingly variable precipitation regimes, which will challenge the sustainability and biodiversity of Mediterranean ecosystems such as the semi-natural evergreen oak woodlands.  To assess the effects of precipitation variability on productivity, species composition and vegetation gas exchange of the understorey vegetation in a typical managed cork oak woodland, a large-scale rainfall manipulation experiment was established. We studied the impacts of a change in the timing of precipitation events on this ecosystem, without altering total annual precipitation inputs. The two water manipulation treatments were: \u2018weekly watering treatment\u2019, where natural conditions were simulated with a normal dry period of 7 days, and \u20183-weekly watering treatment\u2019, with the normal dry period increased three-fold to 21 days.  Our experimental precipitation patterns resulted in significant differences in temporal soil moisture dynamics between the two treatments. Average soil water content (SWC) at 3\u00a0cm depth during the growing season was 16.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.17% and 15.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.18% in the weekly and 3-weekly watering treatments, respectively, with a mere 5% increase in the variability of SWC when extending the dry period from one to three weeks. Water infiltration into deeper soil layers (>50\u00a0cm) was significantly higher in the 3-weekly watering treatment as compared to the weekly watering treatment. This might be beneficial to Quercus suber, the tree component in this ecosystem, as its extensive tree root system enables water acquisition from deeper soil layers.  However, manipulation of the within-season precipitation variability, with a shift to fewer, but larger rain events, without change in total precipitation amount, had no significant effect on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) and species composition, with average values of peak biomass of 385\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 and 222\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 for ANPP and BNPP, respectively.  The experimental precipitation patterns did not result in significant differences in the vegetation gas exchange between the two watering treatments. The CO2 and H2O exchange parameters correlated well with air temperature. In addition, evapotranspiration showed a good correlation with SWC.  Incorporating the data of SWC in the conceptual \u2018bucket model\u2019 showed that, independently of the watering regime, soil water availability during the life-cycle of these annual plants did not reach severe water stress conditions, which can explain the lack of a significant treatment effect in our study. In addition, our results showed that the annual plant community in these Mediterranean ecosystems is well adapted to short-term drought, through their phenological patterns and physiological adaptations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Mediterranean Ecosystem", "species composition", "precipitation variability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "primary productivity", "climate change", "herbaceous understorey", "vegetation gas exchange", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:18:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-27", "title": "Seasonal variability in particulate organic carbon degradation in the Kolyma River, Siberia", "description": "Abstract                <p>Major Arctic rivers are undergoing changes due to climate warming with higher discharge and increased amounts of solutes and organic carbon (OC) draining into rivers and coastal seas. Permafrost thaw mobilizes previously frozen OC to the fluvial network where it can be degraded into greenhouse gases and emitted to the atmosphere. Degradation of OC during downstream transport, especially of the particulate OC (POC), is however poorly characterized. Here, we quantified POC degradation in the Kolyma River, the largest river system underlain with continuous permafrost, during 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 d whole-water incubations (containing POC and dissolved OC\uffe2\uff80\uff94DOC) during two seasons: spring freshet (early June) and late summer (end of July). Furthermore, we examined interactions between dissolved and particulate phases using parallel incubations of filtered water (only DOC). We measured OC concentrations and carbon isotopes (\uffce\uffb413C, \uffce\uff9414C) to define carbon losses and to characterize OC composition, respectively. We found that both POC composition and biodegradability differs greatly between seasons. During summer, POC was predominantly autochthonous (47%\uffe2\uff80\uff9395%) and degraded rapidly (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc33% loss) whereas freshet POC was largely of allochthonous origin (77%\uffe2\uff80\uff9396%) and less degradable. Gains in POC concentrations (up to 31%) were observed in freshet waters that could be attributed to flocculation and adsorption of DOC to particles. The demonstrated DOC flocculation and adsorption to POC indicates that the fate and dynamics of the substantially-sized DOC pool may shift from degradation to settling, depending on season and POC concentrations\uffe2\uff80\uff94the latter potentially acting to attenuate greenhouse gas emissions from fluvial systems. We finally note that DOC incubations without POC present may yield degradation estimates that do not reflect degradation in the in situ river conditions, and that interaction between dissolved and particulate phases may be important to consider when determining fluvial carbon dynamics and feedbacks under a changing climate.</p", "keywords": ["Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "F800", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "degradation rate", "01 natural sciences", "permafrost; Arctic; degradation rate; carbon isotopes; adsorption; flocculation", "F900", "Environmental sciences", "Arctic", "carbon isotopes", "adsorption", "flocculation", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "GE1-350", "14. Life underwater", "TD1-1066", "permafrost", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/48293/8/Keskitalo_2022_Environ._Res._Lett._17_034007.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:19:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-06", "title": "Feasibility of the 4 per 1000 aspirational target for soil carbon: A case study for France", "description": "Abstract<p>Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is a promising way to mitigate the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Based on a simple ratio between CO2 anthropogenic emissions and SOC stocks worldwide, it has been suggested that a 0.4% (4 per 1000) yearly increase in SOC stocks could compensate for current anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Here, we used a reverse RothC modelling approach to estimate the amount of C inputs to soils required to sustain current SOC stocks and to increase them by 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 per year over a period of 30\uffc2\uffa0years. We assessed the feasibility of this aspirational target first by comparing the required C input with net primary productivity (NPP) flowing to the soil, and second by considering the SOC saturation concept. Calculations were performed for mainland France, at a 1\uffc2\uffa0km grid cell resolution. Results showed that a 30%\uffe2\uff80\uff9340% increase in C inputs to soil would be needed to obtain a 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 increase per year over a 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period. 88.4% of cropland areas were considered unsaturated in terms of mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated SOC, but characterized by a below target C balance, that is, less NPP available than required to reach the 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 aspirational target. Conversely, 90.4% of unimproved grasslands were characterized by an above target C balance, that is, enough NPP to reach the 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 objective, but 59.1% were also saturated. The situation of improved grasslands and forests was more evenly distributed among the four categories (saturated vs. unsaturated and above vs below target C balance). Future data from soil monitoring networks should enable to validate these results. Overall, our results suggest that, for mainland France, priorities should be (1) to increase NPP returns in cropland soils that are unsaturated and have a below target carbon balance and (2) to preserve SOC stocks in other land uses.</p", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Carbon Sequestration", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "RothC", "01 natural sciences", "630", "climate change mitigation", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "4 per 1000", "net primary productivity", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Carbon", "soil organic carbon", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "SOC saturation", "Feasibility Studies", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "France", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-21", "title": "Effects Of Temperature And Processing Conditions On Biochar Chemical Properties And Their Influence On Soil C And N Transformations", "description": "There have been limited studies of how the pyrolysis process and activation conditions affect the chemical properties of biochar and how these properties alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) transformations when used as an amendment. This study compared the chemical properties of biochars produced through slow pyrolysis at 200, 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C, in the presence or absence of steam and CO2 activation at 800\u00a0\u00b0C. Quantitative solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and elemental analysis were used to evaluate processing condition effects on biochar chemical properties. Biochars were added at a rate of 0.75% by weight and soils were incubated for 28\u00a0d, during which soil inorganic N and CO2 and N2O emissions were determined. Thereafter, adsorption of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3\u2212)\u2212N were investigated further. While constituents of biochar feedstock were not altered at pyrolysis temperature of 200\u00a0\u00b0C, NMR data showed that biochars produced at 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C converted >82% of labile C constituents to aromatic C structures, which increased their recalcitrance. Also the later pyrolysis temperatures increased biochar cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH, however, exposure to steam and CO2 activation decreased their CEC. Compared to unamended soil, amendment with biochar produced at 200\u00a0\u00b0C significantly increased cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions by more than 3 fold, whereas those produced at 400\u00a0\u00b0C had no effect on CO2 emissions but had a similar effect on cumulative N2O emissions. Biochar produced at 600\u00a0\u00b0C had no effect on either CO2 or N2O emissions. In contrast, activation of biochar significantly decreased cumulative CO2 emissions by 18%. Amendment with biochars produced at 400 and 600\u00a0\u00b0C and activated biochars significantly decreased soil inorganic N, which was attributed to their increased adsorptive capacity for NH4+ by 62\u201381%. This study highlights the importance of production conditions for designing biochars for use as amendments to sequester soil C and N, by promoting the formation of stable soil organic matter and by increasing retention of soil inorganic N. From a soil amendment perspective, this study suggests that activation of biochar did not benefit soil C and N transformations.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R. P. Voroney, Hongjie Zhang, G.W. Price,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106817", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-10", "title": "More tolerant than expected: Taking into account the ability of Cladonia portentosa to cope with increased nitrogen availability in environmental policy", "description": "Abstract   The lichen Cladonia portentosa is generally considered to be sensitive to increased environmental nitrogen (N) deposition. However, the presence of this lichen in impacted environments suggests that it can cope with prolonged exposure to high N availability. To test the tolerance of this species to N, photosynthetic parameters, carbon and N concentrations and isotopic signature, chitin concentration, surface pH and extracellular enzymatic activity were measured in samples exposed for 11\u00a0years to different N doses and forms at the Whim bog N manipulation experimental site (United Kingdom). The results showed that C. portentosa is tolerant to long-term exposure to wet N deposition, maintaining its functionality with almost unaltered physiological parameters. The comparison of the proteome of short- and long-term exposed samples showed similar changes in protein expression suggesting that mechanisms to cope with N are not dependent on the exposure time even after more than a decade. Since empirical N Critical Loads are based on the response of sensitive components of the ecosystem, like C. portentosa, its capacity to cope with short- and long-term exposure to N needs to be recognized and taken into account when setting them, likewise, the significance of the form of N.    Capsule  Updated knowledge on tolerance of sensitive species to nitrogen must be taken into account to establish environmental policy.", "keywords": ["Critical loads and levels", "Proteomics", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "long-term exposure", "Long-term exposure", "Algal ultrastructure; Critical loads and levels; Long-term exposure; Physiological response; Photosynthetic parameters; Proteomics", "algal ultrastructure", "Photosynthetic parameter", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "critical loads and levels", "Algal ultrastructure", "photosynthetic parameters. proteomics", "Algal ultrastructure; Critical loads and levels; Long-term exposure; Photosynthetic parameters; Physiological response; Proteomics", "Physiological response", "Photosynthetic parameters", "13. Climate action", "Critical loads and level", "physiological response", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/772327/7/More%20tolerant.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106817"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Indicators", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106817", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106817", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106817"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137568", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-30", "title": "Modelling the influence of soil properties on performance and bioremediation ability of a pile of soil microbial fuel cells", "description": "Abstract   Worldwide, intense industrial and agricultural activities pose serious issues of land contamination. Soil microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) have great potential as a low-cost, and self-powered solution to soil bioremediation, compatible with operations in remote areas. In this study, we propose a novel tubular SMFC design, in which a ceramic tube acts as the separator between the air-cathode and the anode, while providing structural support. No oxygen reduction reaction catalyst is used, and to reach depth, several SMFC units are piled together.  To assess the effect of both the system design and soil properties on performance, a mathematical model, calibrated with experimental data, is proposed, which accounts for chemical and (bio)electrochemical reactions, as well as for charge conservation and transport phenomena. The information generated provides useful indications on optimal design and operational conditions for SMFCs and a guide to effective scale-up strategies for their use in bioremediation.", "keywords": ["Soil microbial fuel cell", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1500/1500; name=General Chemical Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Soil microbial fuel cell; Bioremediation; Modelling; Hexachlorobenzene", "Hexachlorobenzene", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600/1603; name=Electrochemistry", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Bioremediation", "Modelling", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unica.it/bitstream/11584/303841/5/pdf24_merged.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137568"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Electrochimica%20Acta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137568", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137568", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137568"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-06", "title": "The Effects Of Copper Oxy Chloride Waste Contamination On Selected Soil Biochemical Properties At Disposal Site", "description": "A study was carried out at a sanitary waste disposal site for Kutsaga Tobacco Research Station, Zimbabwe, which uses large amounts of copper oxy chloride for sterilization of recycled float trays in flooded bench tobacco seedling production systems. Soil samples randomly collected from six stream bank zones (bands up the valley slope) varying in their distance ranges from the centre of both the wastewater-free and wastewater-affected paths [0-5 m (B1); 6-10 m (B2); 11-15 m (B3); 16-20 m (B4); 21-25 m (B5) and 26-30 m (B6)] in two sample depths (0-15; 15-30 cm) were analysed for metal copper, organic matter contents, and soil pH and subjected to agarized incubation for microbial counts. Results suggest that the repeated disposals of copper oxy chloride waste from tobacco float tray sanitation sinks into a creek amplify metal copper loads in the soil by 500 fold. The greatest concentrations of copper in both the topsoil and upper subsoil were recorded in the B3, B4 and B5 stream bank zones of the wastewater path. The concentration of copper was significantly lower in the middle of the waste-affected creek than that in the stream bank zones. This trend in the copper concentration coincided with the lowest acidity of the soil. Overloading the soil with copper, surprisingly, enhances the content of soil organic matter. The repeated release of copper oxy chloride waste into a stream causes an accelerated build-up of metal copper and soil acidity in the stream bank on-site while contamination is translocated to either underground water reserve or surface stream water flow in the middle of the wastewater path.", "keywords": ["Nicotiana", "Zimbabwe", "Industrial Waste", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Copper", "Soil Microbiology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Disinfectants", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Johnson Masaka, M. Muunganirwa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-03-13T17:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-03", "title": "\u03b415N of lichens reflects the isotopic signature of ammonia source", "description": "Although it is generally accepted that \u03b415N in lichen reflects predominating N isotope sources in the environment, confirmation of the direct correlation between lichen \u03b415N and atmospheric \u03b415N is still missing, especially under field conditions with most confounding factors controlled. To fill this gap and investigate the response of lichens with different tolerance to atmospheric N deposition, thalli of the sensitive Evernia prunastri and the tolerant Xanthoria parietina were exposed for ten weeks to different forms and doses of N in a field manipulation experiment where confounding factors were minimized. During this period, several parameters, namely total N, \u03b415N and chlorophyll a fluorescence, were measured. Under the experimental conditions, \u03b415N in lichens quantitatively responded to the \u03b415N of released gaseous ammonia (NH3). Although a high correlation between the isotopic signatures in lichen tissue and supplied N was found both in tolerant and sensitive species, chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated that the sensitive species very soon lost its photosynthetic functionality with increasing N availability. The most damaging response to the different N chemical forms was observed with dry deposition of NH3, although wet deposition of ammonium ions had a significant observable physiological impact. Conversely, there was no significant effect of nitrate ions on chlorophyll a fluorescence, implying differential sensitivity to dry deposition versus wet deposition and to ammonium versus nitrate in wet deposition. Evernia prunastri was most sensitive to NH3, then NH4+, with lowest sensitivity to NO3-. Moreover, these results confirm that lichen \u03b415N can be used to indicate the \u03b415N of atmospheric ammonia, providing a suitable tool for the interpretation of the spatial distribution of NH3 sources in relation to their \u03b415N signal.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "Nitrates", "Lichens", "Nitrogen Isotopes", "Chlorophyll A", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Models", " Theoretical", "chlorophyll a fluorescence", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen deposition", "Xanthoria parietina", "Species Specificity", "Ammonia", "13. Climate action", "source spatial distribution", "biomonitoring", "physiological response", "Photosynthesis", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0105+earth+and+related+environmental+sciences&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0105+earth+and+related+environmental+sciences&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0105+earth+and+related+environmental+sciences&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0105+earth+and+related+environmental+sciences&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 3831, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-03-14T08:35:44.335155Z"}