{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-05", "title": "Reactive-transport modelling of Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 passage through water saturated sediment columns", "description": "The reuse of treated wastewater (e.g. for irrigation) is a common practice to combat water scarcity problems world-wide. However, the potential spread of opportunistic pathogens and fecal contaminants like Enterococci within the subsoil could pose serious health hazards. Additional sources (e.g., leaky sewer systems, livestock farming) aggravate this situation. This study contributes to an understanding of pathogen spread in the environment, using a combined modelling and experimental approach. The impact of quartz sediment and certain wastewater characteristics on the dissemination of Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 is investigated. The transport processes of advection-dispersion and straining were studied by injecting conservative saline tracer and fluorescent microspheres through sediment packed columns, and evaluating resulting breakthrough curves using models. Similarly, simultaneously occurring reactive processes of microbial attachment, decay, respiration and growth were studied by injecting Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 suspended in water with or without dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrients through sediment, and evaluating resulting inlet and outlet concentration curves. The processes of straining, microbial decay and growth, were important when DO was absent. Irreversible attachment was important when DO was present. Sensitivity analysis of each parameter was conducted, and field scale behavior of the processes was predicted, to facilitate future work.", "keywords": ["Physical Phenomena", "13. Climate action", "Enterococcus faecalis", "Water Movements", "0207 environmental engineering", "Water", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Enterococcus", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125292"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126551", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-08", "title": "Smartphone-based tension disc infiltrometer for soil hydraulic characterisation", "description": "31 Pags.- 18 Figs.- 1 Tabl. The definitive version is available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 The tension disc infiltrometer has become a widespread method to measure soil hydraulic properties under unsaturated conditions. Although several automated devices have been developed, most designs include an elongated water reservoir and a pressure transducer with electronic components to register the water level, increasing its cost and limiting its application. The objective of this work is to present a new tension disc infiltrometer with a compact design of 10 cm diameter and height, where the water level is monitored by a smartphone camera. The infiltration curve is determined from the automated analysis of the images recorded by the smartphone without additional electronic components. The device was first validated in the laboratory by comparing visual measurements (V), the camera imagery (Ca) and a pressure transducer (PT). Next, it was tested on field infiltration experiments. Robust fits (R2 = 0.99) were found between the water level measured with Ca in the laboratory and those obtained with V and PT procedures. The Ca method is accurate, robust and independent of the relative camera position. Good fits were also observed between Ca water level and those obtained with PT in the field experiments. Similar hydraulic conductivity and sorptivity values were obtained with both sensors using the numerical solution of the Haverkamp (NSH) equation. The compact infiltrometer, in conjunction with the smartphone camera, is an accurate, accessible, portable and easy-to-use field-based device for soil hydraulic characterisation. This research was supported by the MINECO project ASBIO (PGC2018-094332-B-100) and the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No [H2020-MSCA-RISE-777803]. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["Automated single-ring infiltrometer", "Compact design", "0207 environmental engineering", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil hydraulic properties", "Infiltration rate measurements", "NSH", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126551"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126551", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126551", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126551"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10773/25427", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-07", "title": "Toxicokinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to metal-contaminated soils under different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content", "description": "This study evaluated how different combinations of air temperature (20\u202f\u00b0C and 25\u202f\u00b0C) and soil moisture content (50% and 30% of the soil water holding capacity, WHC), reflecting realistic climate change scenarios, affect the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Earthworms were exposed for 21\u202fd to two metal-contaminated soils (uptake phase), followed by 21\u202fd incubation in non-contaminated soil (elimination phase). Body Zn and Cd concentrations were checked in time and metal uptake (k1) and elimination (k2) rate constants determined; metal bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated as k1/k2. Earthworms showed extremely fast uptake and elimination of Zn, regardless of the exposure level. Climate conditions had no major impacts on the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn, although a tendency towards lower k1 and k2 values was observed at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. Earthworm Cd concentrations gradually increased with time upon exposure to metal-contaminated soils, especially at 50% WHC, and remained constant or slowly decreased following transfer to non-contaminated soil. Different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content changed the bioaccumulation kinetics of Cd, leading to higher k1 and k2 values for earthworms incubated at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a050% WHC and slower Cd kinetics at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. This resulted in greater BAFs for Cd at warmer and drier environments which could imply higher toxicity risks but also of transfer of Cd within the food chain under the current global warming perspective.", "keywords": ["Soil invertebrates", "Bioavailability", "Climate Change", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Metals", " Heavy", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Oligochaeta", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Triazines", "Temperature", "Water", "Bioaccumulation", "Mining wastes", "Toxicokinetics", "Zinc", "Heavy metals", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Pollution", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10773/25427"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10773/25427", "name": "item", "description": "10773/25427", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10773/25427"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11572/255256", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-23", "title": "Elastica catastrophe machine: theory, design and experiments", "description": "Open Access31 pages, 18 figures", "keywords": ["Nonlinear mechanics; Snap mechanisms; Structural instability", "0203 mechanical engineering", "FOS: Physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)", "Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics", "0210 nano-technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/255256/1/1-s2.0-S002250961930523X-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Mechanics%20and%20Physics%20of%20Solids", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11572/255256", "name": "item", "description": "11572/255256", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1808.10328", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-05", "title": "Asymptotically Optimal Codes Correcting Fixed-Length Duplication Errors in DNA Storage Systems", "description": "Open AccessTo appear in IEEE Communications Letters", "keywords": ["FOS: Computer and information sciences", "Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)", "Computer Science - Information Theory", "Information Theory (cs.IT)", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "0102 computer and information sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "94B20", " 94B25", " 94B50", " 94B65", " 68P20", " 68P30", " 68R05", "01 natural sciences", "Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1808.10328"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IEEE%20Communications%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1808.10328", "name": "item", "description": "1808.10328", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1808.10328"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00382-016-3308-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-23", "title": "Assessing mid-latitude dynamics in extreme event attribution systems", "description": "Open AccessISSN:1432-0894", "keywords": ["Atmospheric Science", "550", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "551", "01 natural sciences", "Dynamics", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology", "13. Climate action", "Mid-latitudes", "Event attribution; Dynamics; Mid-latitudes; Extreme", "Event attribution", "Extreme", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/66579/7/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00382-016-3308-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3308-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Climate%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00382-016-3308-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00382-016-3308-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00382-016-3308-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-23", "title": "The New Competition For Land: Food, Energy, And Climate Change", "description": "Abstract The paper addresses the new competition for land arising from growing and changing demand for food when combined with increasing global demand for transport energy, under conditions of declining petro-chemical resources and the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The paper starts from the premise of a \u2018food, energy and environment trilemma\u2019 ( Tilman et al., 2009 ), where all demands to expand the area of cultivated land present high risks of increasing the carbon footprint of agriculture. Having reviewed the main drivers of demand for food and for liquid transport fuels, the paper weighs the controversies surrounding biofuels arising from food-price spikes, the demand for land, and consequent direct and indirect land-use change. It suggests that we need a more complex, and geographically differentiated, analysis of the interactions between direct and indirect land-use change. The paper then reviews evidence of land availability, and suggests that in addition to technical availability in terms of soil, water, and climate, political, social, and technological factors have significantly shaped the competition for land in different global regions, particularly the three major biofuel producing ones of the USA, Brazil and Europe. This point is further developed by reviewing the different innovation pathways for biofuels in these three regions. The main conclusion of this review is firstly that any analysis requires an integrated approach to the food-energy-environment trilemma, and secondly that strategic political direction of innovation and sustainability regulation are required to bring about major shifts in agriculture leading to sustainable intensification of cultivation ( Royal Society, 2009 ), rather than the continued expansion of cultivated area. The consequent perspective is one of considerable global variety in technologies, agricultural productive systems, and use of natural resources. This contrasts sharply with the world of a dominant global and integrated technology platform based on petro-chemicals to which we have become accustomed.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "food", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "HM Sociology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "630", "biofuels", "innovation", "12. Responsible consumption", "competition for land", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Food%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2017JD027346", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-28", "title": "Soil Moisture-Temperature Coupling in a Set of Land Surface Models", "description": "Abstract

The land surface controls the partitioning of water and energy fluxes and therefore plays a crucial role in the climate system. The coupling between soil moisture and air temperature, in particular, has been shown to affect the severity and occurrence of temperature extremes and heat waves. Here we study soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff90temperature coupling in five land surface models, focusing on the terrestrial segment of the coupling in the warm season. All models are run off\uffe2\uff80\uff90line over a common period with identical atmospheric forcing data, in order to allow differences in the results to be attributed to the models' partitioning of energy and water fluxes. Coupling is calculated according to two semiempirical metrics, and results are compared to observational flux tower data. Results show that the locations of the global hot spots of soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff90temperature coupling are similar across all models and for both metrics. In agreement with previous studies, these areas are located in transitional climate regimes. The magnitude and local patterns of model coupling, however, can vary considerably. Model coupling fields are compared to tower data, bearing in mind the limitations in the geographical distribution of flux towers and the differences in representative area of models and in situ data. Nevertheless, model coupling correlates in space with the tower\uffe2\uff80\uff90based results (r = 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uff930.7), with the multimodel mean performing similarly to the best\uffe2\uff80\uff90performing model. Intermodel differences are also found in the evaporative fractions and may relate to errors in model parameterizations and ancillary data of soil and vegetation characteristics.

", "keywords": ["ENVIRONMENT SIMULATOR JULES", "FLUXES", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "CO2 EXCHANGE", "models", "WATER", "SCALE", "Research Articles", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "land surface", "CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE", "eartH2Observe", "temperature", "15. Life on land", "DECIDUOUS FOREST", "CLIMATE", "EVAPORATION", "VARIABILITY", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "BALANCE", "land surface models", "SENSIBLE HEAT", "land-atmosphere interactions", "soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JD027346"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027346"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2017JD027346", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2017JD027346", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2017JD027346"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-012-0488-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-10", "title": "Baseline Time Accounting: Considering Global Land Use Dynamics When Estimating The Climate Impact Of Indirect Land Use Change Caused By Biofuels", "description": "Abstract Purpose

Current estimations of the climate impact from indirect land use change (ILUC) caused by biofuels are heavily influenced by assumptions regarding the biofuel production period. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method (baseline time accounting) that takes global land use dynamics into account that is consistent with the global warming potential, that is applicable to any phenomenon causing land use change, and that is independent of production period assumptions.

Methods

We consider ILUC in two forms. The first is called \uffe2\uff80\uff9caccelerated expansion\uffe2\uff80\uff9d and concerns ILUC in regions with an expanding agricultural area. The second is called \uffe2\uff80\uff9cdelayed reversion\uffe2\uff80\uff9d and concerns ILUC in regions with a decreasing agricultural area. We use recent trends in international land use and projections of future land use change to assess how ILUC from biofuels will alter the development in global agricultural land use dynamics compared to the existing trend (i.e., the baseline development). We then use the definition of the global warming potential to determine the CO2 equivalence of the change in land use dynamics.

Results and discussion

We apply baseline time accounting to two existing ILUC studies in the literature. With current trends in global agricultural land use, the method significantly reduces the estimated climate impact in the previous ILUC studies (by more than half). Sensitivity analyses show that results are somewhat sensitive to assumptions regarding carbon sequestration and assumptions regarding postreversion ecosystems.

Conclusions

The global dynamic development in land use has important implications for the time accounting step when estimating the climate impact of ILUC caused by biofuel production or other issues affecting land use. Ignoring this may lead to erroneous conclusions about the actual climate impact of ILUC. Several land use projections indicate that the global agricultural area will keep expanding up to and beyond 2050. We therefore recommend to apply the baseline time accounting concept as an integrated part of future ILUC studies and to update the results on a regular basis.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Science(all)", "13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Steffen Mueller, Jesper Hedal Kl\u00f8verpris,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0488-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-012-0488-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-012-0488-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-012-0488-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-19", "title": "Life Cycle Assessment In Green Chemistry: Overview Of Key Parameters And Methodological Concerns", "description": "Several articles within the area of green chemistry often promote new techniques or products as \u2018green\u2019 or \u2018more environmentally benign\u2019 than their conventional counterpart although these articles often do not quantitatively assess the environmental performance. In order to do this, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a valuable methodology. However, on the planning stage, a full-scale LCA is considered to be too time consuming and complicated. Two reasons for this have been recognised, the method is too comprehensive and it is hard to find inventory data. In this review, key parameters are presented with the purpose to reduce the time-consuming steps in LCA. In this review, several LCAs of so-called \u2018green chemicals\u2019 are analysed and key parameters and methodological concerns are identified. Further, some conclusions on the environmental performance of chemicals were drawn. For fossil-based platform chemicals several LCAs exists but for chemicals produced with industrial biotechnology or from renewable resources the number of LCAs is limited, with the exception of biofuels, for which a large number of studies are made. In the review, a significant difference in the environmental performance of bulk and fine chemicals was identified. The environmental performance of bulk chemicals are closely connected to the production of the raw material and thereby different land use aspects. Here, a lot can be learnt from biofuel LCAs. In many of the reviewed articles focusing on bulk chemicals a comparison regarding fossil and renewable raw material was done. In most of the comparisons the renewable alternative turned out to be more environmentally preferable, especially for the impact on GWP and energy use. However, some environmental concerns were identified as important to include to assess overall environmental concern, for example eutrophication and the use of land. To assess the environmental performance of green chemicals, quantitative methods are needed. For this purpose, both simple metrics and more comprehensive methods have been developed, one recognised method being LCA. However, this method is often too time consuming to be valuable in the process planning stage. This is partly due to a lack of available inventory data, but also because the method itself is too comprehensive. Here, key parameters for the environmental performance and methodological concerns were described to facilitate a faster and simpler use of LCA of green chemicals in the future.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-012-0512-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-09", "title": "Life-Cycle Climate Impacts Of Peat Fuel: Calculation Methods And Methodological Challenges", "description": "There has been lively debate, especially in Finland and Sweden, on the climate impacts of peat fuel. Previous studies of peat fuel's life-cycle climate impacts were controversial in their interpretation. The aim of this paper is conclusive examination of the issues of LCA methodology, derived from critical review of previous studies and recalculation based on the latest knowledge of greenhouse gas balances related to peat fuel\u2019s utilisation and the radiative forcing impacts of greenhouse gases. The most recent findings on emissions and the gas fluxes between soil, vegetation and atmosphere were used in calculation of the life-cycle climate impacts of the various peat fuel utilisation chains by means of LCA methodology. In the main, the calculation methods and rules were the same as in the previous studies, with the aim being to distinguish the impact of peat fuel\u2019s utilisation from that of the natural or semi-natural situation. A dynamic method was employed for assessing changes in radiative forcing. The results of alternative peat fuel utilisation chains were compared to the corresponding result for coal. There are many steps in peat fuel LCA, where different assumptions lead to different outcomes. Determining the functional unit, reference situations and system boundaries, as well as the emission calculation methods, is important from this point of view. Determination of the initial reference situation emerged as one of the critical points in the calculations. Time scale can strongly affect the final outcomes in a study where effects of long-term land-use change are considered. Each peatland area is unique. The higher the greenhouse gas emissions in the initial reference situation, the greater is the climate impact of the area and the more suitable the area is for peat extraction. The study showed that more greenhouse gas flux measurements are needed, for better assessment of the climate impacts of different potential peat extraction sites. Climate change mitigation requires quick actions, and uncertainties related to emissions are higher for longer time spans. Therefore, it can be concluded that a perspective spanning more than 100\u00a0years is inappropriate in peat fuel's life-cycle climate impact assessments.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0512-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-012-0512-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-012-0512-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-012-0512-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-04", "title": "Investigations Of Responses To Metal Pollution In Land Snail Populations (Cantareus Aspersus And Cepaea Nemoralis) From A Smelter-Impacted Area", "description": "A cross-transplantation field experiment was performed to investigate about possible adaptation/acclimatization to metal pollution in common garden snail Cantareus aspersus (ex-Helix aspersa) and brown-lipped grove snail Cepaea nemoralis populations. Adults were collected from an area surrounding a former smelter (ME), highly polluted by trace metals (TMs) for decades, and from an unpolluted site (BE). Subadults of first generation (F1) were exposed in microcosms in a 28-day kinetic study. Four exposure sites were chosen around the smelter along a soil pollution gradient (vegetation and soil otherwise comparable). Bioaccumulation in snail soft tissues globally increased with soil contamination, with Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations reaching 271, 187, 5527\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g(-1), respectively. Accumulation kinetic patterns were similar between snail species but C. nemoralis showed greater TM levels than C. aspersus. Some inter-population differences were revealed in TM accumulation (bioaccumulation factors, accumulation kinetics) but did not suggest consistent adaptive responses. We did not detect negative effects of TM exposure on snail condition (body weight, shell size, shell weight). ME C. aspersus snails produced heavier shells than BE snails under exposure to TMs at the highest level, suggesting an adaptive response. The protocol used in this study, however, did not allow unambiguously distinguishing whether this response was due to genetic adaptation or to maternal effects. Abnormal but reversible shell development of adult ME C. nemoralis suggested physiological acclimatization. Differences in responses to TMs between populations are observed for conchological parameters, not for bioaccumulation, with different strategies according to the species (acclimatization or adaptation/maternal effects).", "keywords": ["550", "invertebrate", "Snails", "590", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metal", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "01 natural sciences", "Kinetics", "bioaccumulation", "Models", " Chemical", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "adaptive response", "Metallurgy", "Animals", "Body Size", "Soil Pollutants", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-14", "title": "Visualization and Characterization of Heterogeneous Water Flow in Double-Porosity Media by Means of X-ray Computed Tomography", "description": "Three-dimensional visualization of dynamic water transport process in soil by 1 computed tomography (CT) technique is still limited by its low temporal resolution. In order 2 to monitor dynamically water transport in soil, a compromise has to be found between water 3 flow velocity and CT acquisition time. Furthermore, an efficient image analysis method is 1 4 necessary. In this work, we followed the water transport in three dimensions by CT imaging 5 across a double-porosity media constituted of two distinct materials, i.e. sand and porous 6 clay spheres. The CT acquisition parameters were adjusted to the water pore velocity so that 7 we succeeded to register the water front displacement per time range of 25 min. We also used 8 the image subtraction method to extract water distribution evolution with time with a space 9 resolution of 6 \u00d7 10 \u22123 cm. Both time and space resolution are relatively high compared with 10 other dynamic studies. The water content profiles showed that the clay spheres remained 11 in their dry state during water infiltration, while the water transport only occurred in the 12 sand matrix. These results are consistent with macroscopic experiments. The water front 13 visualized by CT showed a non-symmetrical shape which was related to water transfer in 14 non-equilibrium as shown by column displacement experiments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "Porous media", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "6. Clean water", "620", "Image analysis", "3D visualization", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Computed tomography", "Water transport"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Transport%20in%20Porous%20Media", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11242-015-0572-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-27", "title": "Influence of step duration in fractionated Py-GC/MS of lignocellulosic biomass", "description": "

Fractionated pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) appears as an interesting analytical tool for elucidating lignocellulosic biomass structure, as it allows the progressive release of chemical fragments representative of biomass macromolecular composition. In this paper the effect of fractionated pyrolysis time (from 5 s to 300 s) on the degradation of lignin and carbohydrates from beech wood was studied at temperatures between 250 \u00b0C and 500 \u00b0C. Fractionated Py-GC/MS showed that the release temperature of the volatile degradation products varied between the volatile species detected. In addition, the step duration time changed the thermal degradation behavior of lignocellulosic components. Shortening the constant step duration time from 300 s to 5 s shifted the maximum weight loss to the higher temperatures. The result was opposite at long step duration times. Time optimization at each pyrolysis temperature (250 \u00b0C, 40 s; 300 \u00b0C, 30 s; 350 \u00b0C, 25 s; 370 \u00b0C, 20 s; 400 \u00b0C, 15 s; 450 \u00b0C, 10 s; 500 \u00b0C, 5 s) enhanced the yield of both lignin and carbohydrate volatile pyrolysis degradation products. In addition, two multiple temperature maxima were shown for some lignin and carbohydrate derivatives. This behavior may be due to the two different pathways of formation and macromolecular origins of compounds in beech wood. At optimized conditions lignin derivatives having a 3-carbon side chain substituent had a maximum at lower temperature than that of lignin derivatives with a 1-carbon side chain substituent. That phenomenon follows the order of primary and secondary pyrolysis reactions. Similar behaviors were observed among the degradation products of hemicelluloses and cellulose. Degradation products of hemicelluloses were mainly released at lower temperatures than those of cellulose derivatives, which illustrates the lower thermal stability of hemicelluloses compared to cellulose.

", "keywords": ["Beech", "ta114", "[CHIM.GENI] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "Fractionated pyrolysis", "Carbohydrates", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "540", "Py-GC/MS", "Lignin", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "Thermal degradation", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "G\u00e9nie chimique", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "G\u00e9nie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s", "ta116", "ta215"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/27243/1/GonzalezMartinez_27243.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Analytical%20and%20Applied%20Pyrolysis", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ijgi11040257", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-18", "title": "Assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones Using GIS and Fuzzy AHP Techniques\u2014A Case Study of the Titel Municipality (Northern Serbia)", "description": "

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources for reliable and sustainable water supplies in the world. To understand the use of water resources, the fundamental characteristics of groundwater need to be analyzed, but in many cases, in situ data measurements are not available or are incomplete. In this study, we used GIS and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) techniques for delineation of the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) in the Titel Municipality (northern Serbia) based on quantitative assessment scores by experts (hydrologists, hydrogeologists, environmental and geoscientists, and agriculture experts). Six thematic layers, such as geology, geomorphology, slope, soil, land use/land cover, and drainage density were prepared and integrated into GIS software for generating the final map. The area falls into five classes: very good (25.68%), good (12.10%), moderate (15.18%), poor (41.34%), and very poor (5.70%). The GWPZ map will serve to improve the management of these natural resources to ensure future water protection and development of the agricultural sector, and the implemented method can be used in other similar natural conditions.

", "keywords": ["Geography (General)", "13. Climate action", "water management", "groundwater; geographic information systems (GIS); water management; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)", "groundwater", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "geographic information systems (GIS)", "G1-922", "02 engineering and technology", "fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/4/257/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/4/257/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11040257"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ISPRS%20International%20Journal%20of%20Geo-Information", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijgi11040257", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijgi11040257", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijgi11040257"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105452", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-06", "title": "Stabilization against gravity and self-tuning of an elastic variable-length rod through an oscillating sliding sleeve", "description": "An elastic rod, straight in its undeformed state, has a mass attached at one end and a variable length, due to a constraint at the other end by a frictionless sliding sleeve. The constraint is arranged with the sliding direction parallel to a gravity field, in a way that the rod can freely slip inside of the sleeve, when the latter is not moving. In this case, the fere fall of the mass continues until the rod is completely injected into the constraint. However, when the sliding sleeve is subject to a harmonic transverse vibration, it is shown that the fall of the mass and the rod injection are hindered by the presence of a configurational force developing at the sliding sleeve and acting oppositely to gravity. During the dynamic motion, such a configurational force is varying in time because it is associated with the variable bending moment at the sleeve entrance. It is (experimentally, analytically, and numerically) demonstrated that, in addition to the states of complete injection or ejection of the elastic rod (for which the mass falls down or is thrown out), a stable sustained oscillation around a finite height can be realized. This \u2018suspended motion\u2019 is the signature of a new attractor, that arises by the constraint oscillation. This behaviour shares similarities with parametric oscillators, as for instance the Kapitza inverted pendulum. However, differently from the classical parametric oscillators, the \u2018suspended\u2019 configuration of the rod violates equilibrium and the stabilization occurs through a transverse mechanical input, instead of a longitudinal one. By varying the sliding sleeve oscillation amplitude and frequency within specific sets of values, the system spontaneously adjusts the sustained motion through a self-tuning of the rod\u2019s external length. This self-tuning property opens the way to the design of vibration-based devices with extended frequency range.", "keywords": ["Elastica; Configurational mechanics; Dynamic bifurcation", "Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Classical Physics", "02 engineering and technology", "0101 mathematics", "0210 nano-technology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/401550/1/1-s2.0-S0022509623002569-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105452"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Mechanics%20and%20Physics%20of%20Solids", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105452", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105452", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105452"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105318", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-28", "title": "Insights from combining techno-economic and life cycle assessment \u2013 a case study of polyphenol extraction from red wine pomace", "description": "Abstract To determine the environmental and economic performance of emerging processes for the valorization of red wine pomace, a techno-economic assessment (TEA) and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are combined at an early design stage. A case study of two polyphenol extraction methods at laboratory scale, solvent extraction (SE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), were first analyzed via a carbon footprint (CFP). Subsequently, the laboratory scale design was improved and translated into industrial scale and a TEA was performed on the industrial scale designs. Finally, LCA was applied again with all impact indicators and the information gathered from both the TEA and LCA was combined into concise decision support, using Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). SE performs better than PLE, due to a lower solvent to DW ratio and a less expensive processing setup in both environmental and economic terms. The CFP of at laboratory scale aided in showing potential environmental hotspots and highlighted the need to reduce solvent use. The MCDA showed a shift in decision support depending on how strongly economic or environmental benefits are valued and eases the interpretation of the 19 different indicators derived from the TEA-LCA results. Both SE and PLE with a solvent to dry weight (DW) ratio of 5 and 10, respectively, perform competitively while SE with a solvent to DW ratio of 10 outperforms PLE with a solvent to DW ratio of 25. The case study illustrated how early design calculations (CFP), and combined LCA and TEA may be combined to improve process design.", "keywords": ["Techno-economic assessment", "Life-cycle assessment", "Solvent extraction", "02 engineering and technology", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "solvent extraction", "12. Responsible consumption", "polyphenol extraction", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "life cycle assessment", "13. Climate action", "Pressurized liquid extraction", "pressurized liquid extraction", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105318"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Resources%2C%20Conservation%20and%20Recycling", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105318", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105318", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105318"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11091397", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-26", "title": "Evaluation of Accuracy Enhancement in European-Wide Crop Type Mapping by Combining Optical and Microwave Time Series", "description": "

This investigation evaluates the potential of combining Copernicus Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite data in producing a detailed Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) map with 19 crop type classes and 2 broader categories containing Woodland/Shrubland and Grassland over 28 Member States of Europe (EU-28). The Eurostat Land Use and Coverage Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) 2018 dataset is employed as ground truth for model training and validation. Monthly and yearly optical features from S2 spectral reflectance and spectral indices, alongside decadal (10-days) composites from an S1 microwave sensor, are extracted for the EU-28 territory for 2018 using Google Earth Engine (GEE). Five different feature sets using a mixture of indicators were created as input training data. A Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithm was applied to classify these feature sets, and the generated classification models were compared using an identical validation dataset. Results show that S1 and S2 yearly features together are able to provide a full coverage map less dependent on cloud effects and having appropriate overall accuracy (OA). Based on this feature set, the 21 classes could be classified with an OA of 78.3% using the independent validation data set. The OA increases to 82.7% by grouping 21 classes into 8 broader categories. The comparison with similar studies using individual S1 and S2 data indicates that combining S1 and S2 time series can attain slightly better results while enhancing spatial coverage.

", "keywords": ["LUCAS 2018", "S", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "crop type classification", "machine learning", "13. Climate action", "Sentinel-1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sentinel-2", "time series", "Google Earth Engine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/9/1397/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091397"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11091397", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11091397", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11091397"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-04", "title": "Harmonising Bioenergy Resource Potentials\u2014Methodological Lessons From Review Of State Of The Art Bioenergy Potential Assessments", "description": "Published estimates of the potential of bioenergy vary widely, mainly due to the heterogeneity of methodologies, assumptions and datasets employed. These discrepancies are confusing for policy and it is thus important to have scientific clarity on the basis of the assessment outcomes. Such clear insights can enable harmonisation of the different assessments. This review explores current state of the art approaches and methodologies used in bioenergy assessments, and identifies key elements that are critical determinants of bioenergy potentials. We apply the lessons learnt from the review exercise to compare and harmonise a selected set of country based bioenergy potential studies, and provide recommendations for conducting more comprehensive assessments. Depending on scenario assumptions, the harmonised technical biomass potential estimates up to 2030 in the selected countries range from 5.2 to 27.3 EJ in China, 1.1 to 18.8 EJ in India, 2.0 to 10.9 EJ in Indonesia, 1.6 to 7.0 EJ in Mozambique and 9.3 to 23.5 EJ in the US. From the review, we observed that generally, current studies do not cover all the basic (sustainability) elements expected in an ideal bioenergy assessment and there are marked differences in the level of parametric detail and methodological transparency between studies. Land availability and suitability lack spatial detail and especially degraded and marginal lands are poorly evaluated. Competition for water resources is hardly taken into account and biomass yields are based mostly on crude ecological zoning criteria. A few studies take into account improvements in management of agricultural and forestry production systems, but the underlying assumptions are hardly discussed. Competition for biomass resources among the various applications is crudely analysed in most studies and key assumptions such as demographic dynamics, biodiversity protection criteria, etc. are not explicitly discussed. To facilitate more comprehensive bioenergy assessments, we recommend an integrated analytical framework that includes all the key factors, employs high resolution geo-referenced datasets and accounts for potential feedback effects.", "keywords": ["greenhouse-gas", "spatial-distribution", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Review", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Biomass", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "2. Zero hunger", "Energy", "Milieukunde", "Methodology", "bio-energy", "Scheikunde", "15. Life on land", "plantation biomass resources", "carbon sequestration", "6. Clean water", "integrated approach", "sustainable bioenergy", "land-use scenarios", "13. Climate action", "climate-change", "water-use", "Potential"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Renewable%20and%20Sustainable%20Energy%20Reviews", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/pl00009135", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-10", "title": "Validierung Software-intensiver eingebetteter Systeme", "description": "Eingebettete Systeme sind aus unserer taglichen Umgebung nicht mehr wegzudenken: Man findet sie in Haushaltsgeraten und Kraftfahrzeugen ebenso wie in Prozeskontrollsystemen. Software ist ein wichtiger, standig wachsender Bestandteil solcher Systeme. Das Versagen eingebetteter Systeme kann zu erheblichen Schaden fuhren. Deshalb werden i.a. hohe Anforderungen an ihre Verlaslichkeit und somit auch an ihre Validierung gestellt. Der Aufsatz zeigt Unterschiede zu klassischer Software auf, fuhrt in die synchrone objektorientierte Technologie ein und demonstriert, wie dieser zeitgesteuerte Ansatz die Validierung unterstutzt. Als Demonstrationsbeispiel dient die Steuerung einer Fusgangerampel.", "keywords": ["0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Monika M\u00fcllerburg", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00009135"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Informatik%20Forschung%20und%20Entwicklung", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/pl00009135", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/pl00009135", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/pl00009135"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:15:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-12", "title": "High-solids anaerobic digestion requires a trade-off between total solids, inoculum-to-substrate ratio and ammonia inhibition", "description": "Increasing total solids in anaerobic digestion can reduce the methane yield by highly complex bio-physical\u2013chemical mechanisms. Therefore, understanding those mechanisms and their main drivers becomes crucial to optimize this waste treatment biotechnology. In this study, seven batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of increasing the initial total solids in high-solids anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. With inoculum-to-substrate ratio\u2009=\u20091.5 g VS/g VS and maximum total solids \u2264\u200919.6%, mono-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste showed a methane yield\u2009=\u2009174\u2013236 NmL CH4/g VS. With inoculum-to-substrate ratio \u2264\u20091.0 g VS/g VS and maximum total solids \u2265\u200924.0%, mono-digestion experiments acidified. Co-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and beech sawdust permitted to reduce the inoculum-to-substrate ratio to 0.16 g VS/g VS while increasing total solids up to 30.2%, though achieving a lower methane yield (117\u2013156 NmL CH4/g VS). At each inoculum-to-substrate ratio, higher total solids corresponded to higher ammonia and volatile fatty acid accumulation. Thus, a 40% lower methane yield for mono-digestion was observed at a NH3 concentration \u2265\u20092.3 g N\u2013NH3/kg reactor content and total solids\u2009=\u200915.0%. Meanwhile, co-digestion lowered the nitrogen content, being the risk of acidification exacerbated only at total solids \u2265\u200920.0%. Therefore, the biodegradability of the substrate, as well as the operational total solids and inoculum-to-substrate ratio, are closely interrelated parameters determining the success of methanogenesis, but also the risk of ammonia inhibition in high-solids anaerobic digestion.", "keywords": ["Environmental Engineering", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Organic fraction of municipal solid waste", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "500", "High-solids anaerobic digestion", "02 engineering and technology", "Co-digestion", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)", "Thermophilic", "13. Climate action", "Batch experiments", "11. Sustainability", "Environmental Chemistry", "Volatile fatty acids", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Batch experiments; Co-digestion; High-solids anaerobic digestion; Methane yield; Organic fraction of municipal solid waste; Thermophilic; Volatile fatty acids; Environmental Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)", "Methane yield", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/743139/1/Batch%20Manuscript%20last%20for%20IRIS.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02961893/file/Batch%20Manuscript_revf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11468586", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:24:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-08", "title": "Wafer\u2010Scale Functional Metasurfaces for Mid\u2010Infrared Photonics and Biosensing", "description": "Abstract

Metasurfaces have emerged as a breakthrough platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale and enabling on\uffe2\uff80\uff90demand optical functionalities for next\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biosensing, imaging, and light\uffe2\uff80\uff90generating photonic devices. However, translating this technology to practical applications requires low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput fabrication methods. Due to the limited choice of materials with suitable optical properties, it is particularly challenging to produce metasurfaces for the technologically relevant mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared spectral range. These constraints are overcome by realizing functional metasurfaces on almost completely transparent free\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxide membranes. A versatile nanofabrication process is developed and implemented for highly efficient dielectric and plasmonic mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared metasurfaces with wafer\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale and complementary metal\uffe2\uff80\uff93oxide\uffe2\uff80\uff93semiconductor (CMOS)\uffe2\uff80\uff90compatible manufacturing techniques. The advantages of this method are revealed by demonstrating highly uniform and functional metasurfaces, including high\uffe2\uff80\uff90Q structures enabling fine spectral selectivity, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90area metalenses\uffc2\uffa0with\uffc2\uffa0diffraction\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited focusing capabilities, and birefringent metasurfaces providing polarization control at record\uffe2\uff80\uff90high conversion efficiencies.\uffc2\uffa0 Aluminum plasmonic devices and their integration into microfluidics for real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time and label\uffe2\uff80\uff90free mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared biosensing of proteins and lipid vesicles are further demonstrated. The versatility of this approach and its compatibility with mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90production processes bring infrared metasurfaces markedly closer to commercial applications, such as thermal imaging, spectroscopy, and biosensing.The exponential rise of information available means we can now, in theory, access knowledge on almost any question we ask. However, as the amount of unverified information increases, so too does the challenge in deciding which information to trust. Farmers, when learning about agricultural innovations, have historically relied on in-person advice from traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, such as agricultural advisers, to inform farm management. As more farmers go online for information, it is not clear whether they are now using digital information to corroborate in-person advice from traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, or if they are foregoing \uffe2\uff80\uff98expert\uffe2\uff80\uff99 advice in preference for peer-generated information. To fill this knowledge gap, we sought to understand how farmers in two contrasting European countries (Hungary and the UK) learnt about sustainable soil innovations and who influenced them to innovate. Through interviews with 82 respondents, we found farmers in both countries regularly used online sources to access soil information; some were prompted to change their soil management by farmer social media \uffe2\uff80\uff98influencers\uffe2\uff80\uff99. However, online information and interactions were not usually the main factor influencing farmers to change their practices. Farmers placed most trust in other farmers to learn about new soil practices and were less trusting of traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, particularly agricultural researchers from academic and government institutions, who they believed were not empathetic towards farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 needs. We suggest that some farmers may indeed have had enough of traditional \uffe2\uff80\uff98experts\uffe2\uff80\uff99, instead relying more on their own peer networks to learn and innovate. We discuss ways to improve trustworthy knowledge exchange between agricultural stakeholders to increase uptake of sustainable soil management practices, while acknowledging the value of peer influence and online interactions for innovation and trust building.Bioenergy expansion can significantly impact water resources in the region in which it occurs. Investment, policy, and resource management decisions related to bioenergy should therefore take this critical consideration into account. Water resource impacts can defy easy quantification because water consumption varies spatially and temporally, different water sources are not necessarily commensurable, and impact depends on the state of the resource base that is drawn upon. This perspective offers an assessment framework that operators and policy\uffe2\uff80\uff90makers can use in evaluating projects to avoid or mitigate detrimental effects. We adapt water footprint (WF) and life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques to the bioenergy context, describing comprehensive life cycle inventory (LCI) approaches that account for blue and green water use as well as for pollution effects, varying sources, coproduct allocation, and spatial heterogeneity. Impact assessment requires that characterization (weighting) factors be derived so that consumption values can be summed and compared across resources and locations. We recommend that characterization draw on metrics of water stress, accounting for environmental flow requirements, climatic variability, and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linearity of water stress effects. Finally, we describe some location\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific impacts of concern that may not be revealed through common analytical approaches and may warrant closer consideration. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kevin Fingerman, Stuart Orr, Brian Richter, P. Vugteveen, G\u00f6ran Berndes,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.294"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.294", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.294", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.294"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2015wr018233", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-20", "title": "Modeling soil evaporation efficiency in a range of soil and atmospheric conditions using a meta\u2010analysis approach", "description": "Abstract

A meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis data\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven approach is developed to represent the soil evaporative efficiency (SEE) defined as the ratio of actual to potential soil evaporation. The new model is tested across a bare soil database composed of more than 30 sites around the world, a clay fraction range of 0.02\uffe2\uff80\uff930.56, a sand fraction range of 0.05\uffe2\uff80\uff930.92, and about 30,000 acquisition times. SEE is modeled using a soil resistance (rss) formulation based on surface soil moisture (\uffce\uffb8) and two resistance parameters and \uffce\uffb8efolding. The data\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven approach aims to express both parameters as a function of observable data including meteorological forcing, cut\uffe2\uff80\uff90off soil moisture value at which SEE=0.5, and first derivative of SEE at , named . An analytical relationship between and is first built by running a soil energy balance model for two extreme conditions with rss\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890 and using meteorological forcing solely, and by approaching the middle point from the two (wet and dry) reference points. Two different methods are then investigated to estimate the pair either from the time series of SEE and \uffce\uffb8 observations for a given site, or using the soil texture information for all sites. The first method is based on an algorithm specifically designed to accomodate for strongly nonlinear relationships and potentially large random deviations of observed SEE from the mean observed . The second method parameterizes as a multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear regression of clay and sand percentages, and sets to a constant mean value for all sites. The new model significantly outperformed the evaporation modules of ISBA (Interaction Sol\uffe2\uff80\uff90Biosph\uffc3\uffa8re\uffe2\uff80\uff90Atmosph\uffc3\uffa8re), H\uffe2\uff80\uff90TESSEL (Hydrology\uffe2\uff80\uff90Tiled ECMWF Scheme for Surface Exchange over Land), and CLM (Community Land Model). It has potential for integration in various land\uffe2\uff80\uff90surface schemes, and real calibration capabilities using combined thermal and microwave remote sensing data.Recent evidence has shown that relations between soil moisture and precipitation at spatial and temporal aspect are contrary to each other: afternoon precipitation tends to occur at times in which conditions are overall wet and heterogeneous in the morning, but preferentially over those patches that are relatively drier than the surroundings. This study expands the notion of soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff90precipitation spatial coupling by analyzing the preferred precipitation location over a range of different soil moisture patterns. Using global observations of precipitation and observationally constrained evaporative stress estimates, we confirm that relatively drier patches have more chances of receiving rain, but the preference is weakened under wetter soil conditions. During extremely wet times, wet patches have more chances of receiving rain. Moreover, the preference of precipitation to occur on drier soils is stronger when soil moisture conditions are heterogeneous. Such results indicate that the positive feedback mechanism becomes more positive as soil wetness increases and the negative feedback mechanism becomes more negative as soils become drier and more heterogeneous. The strength of these two feedback mechanisms jointly affects preferential precipitation location. Counterintuitively, analysis from 1\uffc2\uffa0day after\uffe2\uff80\uff90event soil moisture pattern shows that negative soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff90precipitation coupling may in turn further heterogenize soil moisture patterns, because dry patch gets extremely wet with no or less rain in surrounding. Although results here do not necessarily imply a causal relationship, this work contributes to enhancing our understanding of soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff90precipitation spatial coupling and exposes the complex nuances of these land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmosphere interactions.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JD026042"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026042"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2016JD026042", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2016JD026042", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2016JD026042"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-07", "title": "Global soil moisture bimodality in satellite observations and climate models", "description": "Abstract

A new diagnostic metric based on soil moisture bimodality is developed in order to examine and compare soil moisture from satellite observations and Earth System Models. The methodology to derive this diagnostic is based on maximum likelihood estimator encoded into an iterative algorithm, which is applied to the soil moisture probability density function. This metric is applied to satellite data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System and global climate models data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Results show high soil moisture bimodality in transitional climate areas and high latitudes, potentially associated with land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmosphere feedback processes. When comparing satellite versus climate models, a clear difference in their soil moisture bimodality is observed, with systematically higher values in the case of CMIP5 models. These differences appear related to areas where land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmospheric feedback may be overestimated in current climate models.

", "keywords": ["PREFERENTIAL STATES", "IMPACT", "MIXTURE", "SCHEME", "0207 environmental engineering", "NORMAL-DISTRIBUTIONS", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "PART I", "satellite soil moisture", "climate models", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "LAND-SURFACE MODEL", "PRECIPITATION", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "CMIP5", "ATMOSPHERE COUPLING EXPERIMENT", "land-atmosphere interactions", "soil moisture", "bimodality", "SYSTEM", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2016JF004060", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-06", "title": "Investigation of rock fragmentation during rockfalls and rock avalanches via 3-D discrete element analyses", "description": "Abstract

This paper investigates the characteristics of dynamic rock fragmentation and its influence on the postfailure fragment trajectory. A series of numerical simulations by discrete element method (DEM) were performed for a simple rock block and slope geometry, where a particle agglomerate of prismatic shape is released along a sliding plane and subsequently collides onto a flat horizontal plane at a sharp kink point. The rock block is modeled as an assembly of bonded spherical particles with fragmentation arising from bond breakages. Bond strength and stiffness were calibrated against available experimental data. We analyzed how dynamic fragmentation occurs at impact, together with the generated fragment size distributions and consequently their runout for different slope topographies. It emerges that after impact, the vertical momentum of the granular system decreases sharply to nil, while the horizontal momentum increases suddenly and then decreases. The sudden boost of horizontal momentum can effectively facilitate the transport of fragments along the bottom floor. The rock fragmentation intensity is associated with the input energy and increases quickly with the slope angle. Gentle slopes normally lead to long spreading distance and large fragments, while steep slopes lead to high momentum boosts and impact forces, with efficient rock fragmentation and fine deposits. The fragment size decreases, while the fracture stress and fragment number both increase with the impact loading strain rate, supporting the experimental observations. The fragment size distributions can be well fitted by the Weibull's distribution function.

", "keywords": ["550", "DEM; dynamic fragmentation; loading rate; momentum boost; rock avalanche; runout;", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Fragmentation", " rockslide", " rockavalanche", " DEM", " numerical modeling", " runout", "551", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JF004060"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=237479/388C5B83-7098-4BA3-A221-B7B1CEFCC63B.pdf&pub_id=237479"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JF004060"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Earth%20Surface", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2016JF004060", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2016JF004060", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2016JF004060"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2017JB015210", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-12", "title": "Dynamic Fragmentation of Jointed Rock Blocks During Rockslide-Avalanches: Insights From Discrete Element Analyses", "description": "Abstract

The dynamic fragmentation of jointed rock blocks during rockslide avalanches has been investigated by discrete element method simulations for a multiple arrangement of a rock block sliding over a simple slope geometry. The rock blocks are released along an inclined sliding plane and subsequently collide onto a flat horizontal plane at a sharp kink point. The contact force chains generated by the impact appear initially at the bottom frontal corner of the rock block and then propagate radially upward to the top rear part of the block. The jointed rock blocks exhibit evident contact force concentration and discontinuity of force wave propagation near the joint, associating with high energy dissipation of granular dynamics. The corresponding force wave propagation velocity can be less than 200\uffc2\uffa0m/s, which is much smaller than that of an intact rock (1,316\uffc2\uffa0m/s). The concentration of contact forces at the bottom leads to high rock fragmentation intensity and momentum boosts, facilitating the spreading of many fine fragments to the distal ends. However, the upper rock block exhibits very low rock fragmentation intensity but high energy dissipation due to intensive friction and damping, resulting in the deposition of large fragments near the slope toe. The size and shape of large fragments are closely related to the orientation and distribution of the block joints. The cumulative fragment size distribution can be well fitted by the Weibull's distribution function, with very gentle and steep curvatures at the fine and coarse size ranges, respectively. The numerical results of fragment size distribution can match well some experimental and field observations.

", "keywords": ["discrete element method; dynamic fragmentation; force wave; fragment size distribution; jointed rock; rockslide avalanche;", "discrete element method; dynamic fragmentation; force wave; fragment size distribution; jointed rock; rockslide avalanche", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "551", "530", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JB015210"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015210"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Solid%20Earth", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2017JB015210", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2017JB015210", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2017JB015210"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.286", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-12", "title": "Impacts Of Co-Location, Co-Production, And Process Energy Source On Life Cycle Energy Use And Greenhouse Gas Emissions Of Lignocellulosic Ethanol", "description": "Abstract

The performance of lignocellulosic ethanol in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fossil energy use when substituting for gasoline depends on production technologies and system decisions, many of which have not been considered in life cycle studies. We investigate ethanol production from short rotation forestry feedstock via an uncatalyzed steam explosion pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis process developed by Mascoma Canada, Inc., and examine a set of production system decisions (co\uffe2\uff80\uff90location, co\uffe2\uff80\uff90production, and process energy options) in terms of their influence on life cycle emissions and energy consumption. All production options are found to reduce emissions and petroleum use relative to gasoline on a well\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90wheel (WTW) basis; GHG reductions vary by production scenario. Land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use\uffe2\uff80\uff90change effects are not included due to a lack of applicable data on short rotation forestry feedstock. Ethanol production with wood pellet co\uffe2\uff80\uff90product, displacing coal in electricity generation, performs best amongst co\uffe2\uff80\uff90products in terms of GHG mitigation (\uffe2\uff88\uff92109% relative to gasoline, WTW basis). Maximizing pellet output, although requiring import of predominately fossil\uffe2\uff80\uff90based process energy, improves overall GHG\uffe2\uff80\uff90mitigation performance (\uffe2\uff88\uff92130% relative to gasoline, WTW). Similarly, lower ethanol yields result in greater GHG reductions because of increased co\uffe2\uff80\uff90product output. Co\uffe2\uff80\uff90locating ethanol production with facilities exporting excess steam and biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90based electricity (e.g. pulp mills) achieves the greatest GHG mitigation (\uffe2\uff88\uff92174% relative to gasoline, WTW) by maximizing pellet output and utilizing low\uffe2\uff80\uff90GHG process energy. By exploiting co\uffe2\uff80\uff90location opportunities and strategically selecting co\uffe2\uff80\uff90products, lignocellulosic ethanol can provide large emission reductions, particularly if based upon sustainably grown, high yield, low input feedstocks. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.286"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.286", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.286", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.286"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/adfm.201910259", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-12", "title": "All\u2010Dielectric Programmable Huygens' Metasurfaces", "description": "Abstract

Low\uffe2\uff80\uff90loss nanostructured dielectric metasurfaces have emerged as a breakthrough platform for ultrathin optics and cutting\uffe2\uff80\uff90edge photonic applications, including beam shaping, focusing, and holography. However, the static nature of their constituent materials has traditionally limited them to fixed functionalities. Tunable all\uffe2\uff80\uff90dielectric infrared Huygens' metasurfaces consisting of multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90layer Ge disk meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90units with strategically incorporated non\uffe2\uff80\uff90volatile phase change material Ge3Sb2Te6 are introduced. Switching the phase\uffe2\uff80\uff90change material between its amorphous and crystalline structural state enables nearly full dynamic light phase control with high transmittance in the mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90IR spectrum. The metasurface is realized experimentally, showing post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fabrication tuning of the light phase within a range of 81% of the full 2\uffcf\uff80 phase shift. Additionally, the versatility of the tunable Huygen's metasurfaces is demonstrated by optically programming the spatial light phase distribution of the metasurface with single meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90unit precision and retrieving high\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution phase\uffe2\uff80\uff90encoded images using hyperspectral measurements. The programmable metasurface concept overcomes the static limitations of previous dielectric metasurfaces, paving the way for \uffe2\uff80\uff9cuniversal\uffe2\uff80\uff9d metasurfaces and highly efficient, ultracompact active optical elements like tunable lenses, dynamic holograms, and spatial light modulators.Integrating photoactive proteins with synthetic nanomaterials holds great promise in developing optoelectronic devices whereby light, captured by a antenna protein, is converted to a modulated electrical response. The protein\uffe2\uff80\uff93nanomaterial interface is critical to defining optoelectronic properties; successful integration of bionanohybrids requires control over protein attachment site and a detailed understanding of its impact on device performance. Here, the first single\uffe2\uff80\uff90walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90optoelectronic transistor enabled by the site\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific direct interfacing with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) via genetically encoded phenyl azide photochemistry is reported. The electrical behavior of individual semiconducting SWCNTs depends on the protein residue coupling site and provides the basis to design eco\uffe2\uff80\uff90friendly phototransistors and optoelectronic memory. Attachment at one GFP residue proximal to the chromophore produces a wavelength\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific phototransistor. The bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90transistor can be switched off in less than 38 s with responsivity up to 7 \uffc3\uff97 103 A W\uffe2\uff88\uff921 at 470\uffc2\uffa0nm. Attachment via a second residue distal to the chromophore generates optoelectronic memory that show rapid and reproducible conductivity switching with up to 15\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold modulation that is restored on the application of a gate voltage. Therefore, photoactive proteins, especially GFP, can be realized as a key material for novel single\uffe2\uff80\uff90molecule electronic and photonic devices.Polarization is a fundamental property of electromagnetic waves that plays a key role in many physical phenomena and applications. Schemes to manipulate it are revisited with the emergence of metasurfaces, which have brought multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90functionalities straightforwardly. However, this has come at the expense of design complexity that relies strongly on field theory. Here, an ingenious strategy of modular design is proposed to construct subwavelength multifunctional polarization control devices. Chiral metasurfaces with different handedness are first proposed and regarded as modules. The versatile polarization controller can thus be obtained with the combination of different modules. These experiments demonstrate that the well\uffe2\uff80\uff90designed polarization controller possesses reconfigurable functionality, and various broadband polarization and amplitude regulation functions with high efficiency including arbitrary linear polarization rotation, asymmetric transmission effect, neutral\uffe2\uff80\uff90density\uffe2\uff80\uff90like filter, polarization beam splitter, etc., can be readily realized just by changing the cascaded modules. The physical mechanisms of the versatile polarization controller and chiral metasurface modules are both guaranteed by the Fabry\uffe2\uff80\uff93P\uffc3\uffa9rot\uffe2\uff80\uff90like resonances, which are theoretically verified via the transfer matrix method. It is envisioned that the modular concept will be of great benefit to designing compact multifunctional polarization controllers.The molecular alignment of platinum(II) octaethyl porphyrin (PtOEP) crystals evaporated on KBr (see atomic force microscopy image, Figure) can be readily changed from perpendicular to parallel by changing the substrate temperature. The field\uffe2\uff80\uff90effect mobility of transisitors prepared using epitaxially grown PtOEP films aligned perpendicularly to a substrate is 100 times higher than that of those of parallel alignment.Insights into the fascinating molecular world of biological processes are crucial for understanding diseases, developing diagnostics, and effective therapeutics. These processes are complex as they involve interactions between four major classes of biomolecules, i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, which makes it important to be able to discriminate between all these different biomolecular species. In this work, a deep learning\uffe2\uff80\uff90augmented, chemically\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific nanoplasmonic technique that enables such a feat in a label\uffe2\uff80\uff90free manner to not disrupt native processes is presented. The method uses a highly sensitive multiresonant plasmonic metasurface in a microfluidic device, which enhances infrared absorption across a broadband mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90IR spectrum and in water, despite its strongly overlapping absorption bands. The real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time format of the optofluidic method enables the collection of a vast amount of spectrotemporal data, which allows the construction of a deep neural network to discriminate accurately between all major classes of biomolecules. The capabilities of the new method are demonstrated by monitoring of a multistep bioassay containing sucrose\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and nucleotides\uffe2\uff80\uff90loaded liposomes interacting with a small, lipid membrane\uffe2\uff80\uff90perforating peptide. It is envisioned that the presented technology will impact the fields of biology, bioanalytics, and pharmacology from fundamental research and disease diagnostics to drug development.Metasurfaces have emerged as a breakthrough platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale and enabling on\uffe2\uff80\uff90demand optical functionalities for next\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biosensing, imaging, and light\uffe2\uff80\uff90generating photonic devices. However, translating this technology to practical applications requires low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput fabrication methods. Due to the limited choice of materials with suitable optical properties, it is particularly challenging to produce metasurfaces for the technologically relevant mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared spectral range. These constraints are overcome by realizing functional metasurfaces on almost completely transparent free\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxide membranes. A versatile nanofabrication process is developed and implemented for highly efficient dielectric and plasmonic mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared metasurfaces with wafer\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale and complementary metal\uffe2\uff80\uff93oxide\uffe2\uff80\uff93semiconductor (CMOS)\uffe2\uff80\uff90compatible manufacturing techniques. The advantages of this method are revealed by demonstrating highly uniform and functional metasurfaces, including high\uffe2\uff80\uff90Q structures enabling fine spectral selectivity, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90area metalenses\uffc2\uffa0with\uffc2\uffa0diffraction\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited focusing capabilities, and birefringent metasurfaces providing polarization control at record\uffe2\uff80\uff90high conversion efficiencies.\uffc2\uffa0 Aluminum plasmonic devices and their integration into microfluidics for real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time and label\uffe2\uff80\uff90free mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared biosensing of proteins and lipid vesicles are further demonstrated. The versatility of this approach and its compatibility with mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90production processes bring infrared metasurfaces markedly closer to commercial applications, such as thermal imaging, spectroscopy, and biosensing.This paper investigates how different sustainability criteria restrict the supply of cropped biomass sources within the EU. There are already mandatory sustainability criteria formulated in the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) at EU level for biomass feedstocks to be used for conversion into biofuels. For solid and gaseous biomass feedstock, however, there are only recommendations formulated by the European Commission (EC) to be adopted on a voluntary basis by the EU member states (MS). This paper specifically focuses on the potential supply of biomass from crops for all bioenergy sectors when applying stricter sustainability criteria. These criteria relate to greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation targets, including indirect land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change (iLUC) related GHG emissions, and the introduction of no\uffe2\uff80\uff90go areas, such as areas of high biodiversity value and high carbon stock. The results show that stricter criteria indeed reduce the cropping potential and change the crop mix significantly, as rotational arable crops for biofuels do no longer comply with the stricter mitigation criteria. This is because they usually compete with food and feed crops for higher quality land requiring a compensation for iLUC emissions. The stricter sustainability criteria can only be applied successfully if they are accompanied by a change in demand, in particular for lignocellulosic biomass for advanced biofuels and other bioenergy uses. Without stimulation of such pathways, it will be difficult to realize improved sustainability in the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy sector. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["economic-analysis", "330", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "conservation", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "333", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1396"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1396", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1396", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1396"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-12", "title": "The \u2018Debt\u2019 Is In The Detail: A Synthesis Of Recent Temporal Forest Carbon Analyses On Woody Biomass For\u2009Energy", "description": "Abstract

The temporal imbalance between the release and sequestration of forest carbon has raised a fundamental concern about the climate mitigation potential of forest biomass for energy. The potential carbon debt caused by harvest and the resulting time spans needed to reach pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest carbon levels (payback) or those of a reference case (parity) have become important parameters for climate and bioenergy policy developments. The present range of analyses however varies in assumptions, regional scopes, and conclusions. Comparing these modeling efforts, we reveal that they apply different principle modeling frameworks while results are largely affected by the same parameters. The size of the carbon debt is mostly determined by the type and amount of biomass harvested and whether land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change emissions need to be accounted for. Payback times are mainly determined by plant growth rates, i.e. the forest biome, tree species, site productivity and management. Parity times are primarily influenced by the choice and construction of the reference scenario and fossil carbon displacement efficiencies. Using small residual biomass (harvesting/processing), deadwood from highly insect\uffe2\uff80\uff90infected sites, or new plantations on highly productive or marginal land offers (almost) immediate net carbon benefits. Their eventual climate mitigation potential however is determined by the effectiveness of the fossil fuel displacement. We deem it therefore unsuitable to define political guidance by feedstock alone. Current global wood pellet production is predominantly residue based. Production increases based on low\uffe2\uff80\uff90grade stemwood are expected in regions with a downturn in the local wood product sector, highlighting the importance of accounting for regional forest carbon trends. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["carbon payback", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "carbon neutrality", "02 engineering and technology", "bioenergy", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "forest biomass", "carbon parity", "Temporal carbon", "carbon debt", "SDG 15 - Life on Land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1407"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1407"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-06", "title": "Feasibility of using phytoremediation biomass for sustainable biofuel production via thermochemical conversion", "description": "Abstract

This study explores a novel approach that combines soil recovery with biofuel production, presenting a strategy that addresses the increasing demand for biofuels while sidestepping the food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel debate. It also introduces an innovative method for recovering heavy metals from soils through their translocation into the solid product of the conversion process. Phytoremediation trials were conducted under real field conditions, and the thermochemical conversion of the harvested biomass was carried out at lab scale. Field trials took place in 2021\uffe2\uff80\uff932023 in Lithuania and Serbia. In Serbia, the contamination primarily involved heavy metals, whereas the Lithuanian site was predominantly contaminated with hydrocarbons from petroleum products. The harvested biomass underwent pretreatment and was then used as feedstock for conversion into high\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy carriers. The conversion products were evaluated for their potential to substitute fossil fuels. Finally, the value chain, encompassing key stakeholders and factors impacting the profitability of this approach, was established, and initial estimates were made regarding the size of individual cost components.The main objective of this life cycle assessment (LCA) study is to determine the environmental consequences of the inclusion of second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuels (bioethanol from palm oil biomass) toward current palm oil biodiesel production through a \uffe2\uff80\uff98seed\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90wheel\uffe2\uff80\uff99 LCA analysis. Their energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission indicators are evaluated with consequential approach for system delimitation. Although all scenarios provide positive environmental impact, it is found that the inclusion of bioethanol production in the current palm oil processing will decrease the net energy ratio (NER) and net carbon emission ratio (NCER) values by 27.5% and 66.6%, respectively. Moreover, carbon emission savings (CES) value is also found to decrease by a total of 21.9%. This indicates that a higher amount of energy input and GHG emissions is actually required for the bioethanol processing than the amount of energy it will produce and the GHG from fossil fuels it will displace. The sensitivity analysis performed on the yields of bioethanol shows that the minimum conversion threshold should be larger than 60% in order to have a higher energy and GHG emission ratio than current palm oil biodiesel processing. Sensitivity analysis on direct land use change and waste\uffe2\uff80\uff90water treatment is also carried out which discourages the expansion of palm oil plantation to primary forest (including peatland) and emphasizes the need for a biogas harvesting system. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.271"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.271", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.271", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.271"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.276", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-28", "title": "The Indirect Effects Of Biofuels And What To Do About Them: The Case Of Grass Biomethane And Its Impact On Livestock", "description": "Abstract

Grass biomethane surpasses the 60% greenhouse gas (GHG) savings relative to the fossil fuel replaced required by EU Directive 2009/28/EC. However, there are growing concerns that when the indirect effects of biofuels are taken into account, GHG savings may become negative. There has been no research to date into the indirect effects of grass biomethane; this paper aims to fill that knowledge gap. A causal\uffe2\uff80\uff90descriptive assessment is carried out and identifies the likely indirect effect of a grass biomethane industry in Ireland as a reduction in beef exports to the UK. Three main scenarios are then analyzed: an increase in indigenous UK beef production, an increase in beef imported to the UK from other countries (EU, New Zealand and Brazil), and a decrease in beef consumption leading to increased poultry consumption. The GHG emissions from each of these scenarios are determined and the resulting savings relative to fossil diesel vary between \uffe2\uff80\uff93636% and 102%. The significance of the findings is then discussed. It is the view of the authors that, while consideration of indirect effects is important, an Irish grass biomethane industry cannot be held accountable for the associated emissions. A global GHG accounting system is therefore proposed; however, the difficulty of implementing such a system is acknowledged, as is its probable ineffectualness. Such a system would not treat the source of the problem \uffe2\uff80\uff93 rising consumption. The authors conclude that the most effective method of combating the indirect effects of biofuels is a reduction in general consumption. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2100/2105", "2. Zero hunger", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy", "Sustainability and the Environment", "330", "name=Bioengineering", "name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "name=Renewable Energy", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1500/1502", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.276"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.276", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.276", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.276"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/cjce.24572", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-30", "title": "Computational analysis of flow conditions in hydrodynamic cavitation generator for water treatment processes", "description": "Abstract

The research on the potential of cavitation exploitation is currently an extremely interesting topic. To reduce the costs and time of the cavitation reactor optimization, nowadays, experimental optimization is supplemented and even replaced using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). One of the approaches towards sustainable water treatment is the use of the cavitation reactor with bluff elements mounted on its stator and rotor. The experimental results show that, besides the rotational speed, the spacing of the rotor pins has the most significant effect on the cavitation intensity and effectiveness, while the pin diameter and the surface roughness are less significant design parameters. The present paper uses a simplified CFD approach to investigate the conditions in the reactor and to select the optimal among a number of geometry variations.

", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "computational fluid dynamics", "02 engineering and technology", "ra\u010dunalni\u0161ka dinamika teko\u010din", "hydrodynamic cavitation generators", "generatorji hidrodinamske kavitacije", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "kavitacija", "Editor's Choice", "cavitation", "numerical simulation", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "numeri\u010dne simulacije", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "cavitation", " computational fluid dynamics", " numerical simulation", " hydrodynamic cavitation generators", "kavitacija", " ra\u010dunalni\u0161ka dinamika teko\u010din", " numeri\u010dne simulacije", " generatorji hidrodinamske kavitacije", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532:519.2"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gosti\u0161a, Jurij, Dre\u0161ar, Primo\u017e, Ho\u010devar, Marko, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Chemical%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/cjce.24572", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/cjce.24572", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/er.1853", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-11", "title": "Comparative Resource Analyses For Ethanol Produced From Corn And Sugarcane In Different Climatic Zones", "description": "SUMMARY Comparative analysis of resource input for ethanol produced from corn and sugarcane in temperate, dry, and tropical climate zones was conducted. Parameters such as the Net Energy Value (NEV), water requirement, land requirement, carbon dioxide emission with and without impact of changes in land use, and fertilizer released to the environment\u2014as surface runoff for nitrogen and phosphate, were compared for corn and sugarcane ethanol production. The estimates of NEV for corn ethanol varied from \u2212462 to 1757\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121, while those of sugarcane ethanol were between 16\u2009057 and 17\u2009092\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121 for the three climatic zones considered in this study. The results of the study also indicate that ethanol produced from sugarcane uses less or comparable amount of resources in contrast to ethanol produced from corn. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Asfaw Beyene, Temesgen Garoma, Monia Ben-Khaled,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Energy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/er.1853", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/er.1853", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/cptc.201900139", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-13", "title": "PhotoRAFT Polymerization of Vinylidene Fluoride Using a Household White LED as Light Source at Room Temperature", "description": "Abstract

The photoRAFT (RAFT=reversible addition\uffe2\uff80\uff90fragmentation radical transfer) polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) mediated by O\uffe2\uff80\uff90ethyl\uffe2\uff80\uff90S\uffe2\uff80\uff90(1\uffe2\uff80\uff90methoxycarbonyl)ethyl dithiocarbonate using a household white LED as light source at room temperature is presented. PVDFs with molar masses up to ca. 8000\uffe2\uff80\uff85g\uffe2\uff80\uff89mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and low dispersities (1.11\uffe2\uff80\uff931.49) were obtained. Kinetic experiments revealed that the use of Ir(ppy)3 as photoredox catalyst lead to faster polymerization. A slowdown of the chain equilibration process was observed during the polymerization, attributed to the accumulation of the less reactivatable CF2\uffe2\uff88\uff92CH2\uffe2\uff88\uff92Xa terminated chains.Active gully systems developed on highly weathered or loose parent material are an important source of runoff and sediment production in degraded areas. However, a decrease of land pressure may lead to a return of a partial vegetation cover, whereby gully beds are preferred recolonization spots. Although the current knowledge on the role of vegetation on reducing sediment production on slopes is well developed, few studies exist on the significance of restoring sediment transport pathways on the total sediment budget of degraded mountainous catchments. This study in the Ecuadorian Andes evaluates the potential of vegetation to stabilize active gully systems by trapping and retaining eroded sediment in the gully bed, and analyses the significance of vegetation restoration in the gully bed in reducing sediment export from degraded catchments. Field measurements on 138 gully segments located in 13 ephemeral steep gullies with different ground vegetation cover indicate that gully bed vegetation is the most important factor in promoting short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (1\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years) sediment deposition and gully stabilization. In well\uffe2\uff80\uff90vegetated gully systems (\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff89\uffa5\uffc2\uffa030% of ground vegetation cover), 0.035\uffc2\uffa0m3 m\uffe2\uff80\uff931 of sediment is deposited yearly in the gully bed. Almost 50 per cent of the observed variance in sediment deposition volumes can be explained by the mean ground vegetation cover of the gully bed. The presence of vegetation in gully beds gives rise to the formation of vegetated buffer zones, which enhance short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term sediment trapping even in active gully systems in mountainous environments. Vegetation buffer zones are shown to modify the connectivity of sediment fluxes, as they reduce the transport efficiency of gully systems. First calculations on data on sediment deposition patterns in our study area show that gully bed deposition in response to gully bed revegetation can represent more than 25 per cent of the volume of sediment generated within the catchment. Our findings indicate that relatively small changes in landscape connectivity have the potential to create strong (positive) feedback loops between erosion and vegetation dynamics. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1747"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20Surface%20Processes%20and%20Landforms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/esp.1747", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/esp.1747", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/esp.1747"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/essoar.10505132.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:14:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-04", "title": "Non-Gaussian parameter inference for hydrogeological models using Stein Variational Gradient Descent", "description": "Abstract

The sustainable management of groundwater demands a faithful characterization of the subsurface. This, in turn, requires information which is generally not readily available. To bridge the gap between data need and availability, numerical models are often used to synthesize plausible scenarios not only from direct information but also from additional, indirect data. Unfortunately, the resulting system characterizations will rarely be unique. This poses a challenge for practical parameter inference: computational limitations often force modelers to resort to methods based on questionable assumptions of Gaussianity, which do not reproduce important facets of ambiguity such as Pareto fronts or multimodality. In search of a remedy, an alternative could be found in Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD), a recent development in the field of statistics. This ensemble\uffe2\uff80\uff90based method iteratively transforms a set of arbitrary particles into samples of a potentially non\uffe2\uff80\uff90Gaussian posterior, provided the latter is sufficiently smooth. A prerequisite for this method is knowledge of the Jacobian, which is usually exceptionally expensive to evaluate. To address this issue, we propose an ensemble\uffe2\uff80\uff90based, localized approximation of the Jacobian. We demonstrate the performance of the resulting algorithm in two cases: a simple, bimodal synthetic scenario, and a complex numerical model based on a real world, prealpine catchment. Promising results in both cases\uffe2\uff80\uff94even when the ensemble size is smaller than the number of parameters\uffe2\uff80\uff94suggest that SVGD can be a valuable addition to hydrogeological parameter inference.