{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-29", "title": "Seismic damage accumulation in multiple mainshock\u2013aftershock sequences", "description": "Summary

Earthquakes are generally clustered, both in time and space. Conventionally, each cluster is made of foreshocks, the mainshock, and aftershocks. Seismic damage can possibly accumulate because of the effects of multiple earthquakes in one cluster and/or because the structure is unrepaired between different clusters. Typically, the performance\uffe2\uff80\uff90based earthquake engineering (PBEE) framework neglects seismic damage accumulation. This is because (i) probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) only refers to mainshocks and (ii) classical fragility curves represent the failure probability in one event, of given intensity, only. However, for life cycle assessment, it can be necessary to account for the build\uffe2\uff80\uff90up of seismic losses because of damage in multiple events. It has been already demonstrated that a Markovian model (i.e., a Markov chain), accounting for damage accumulation in multiple mainshocks, can be calibrated by maintaining PSHA from the classical PBEE framework and replacing structural fragility with a set of state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent fragility curves. In fact, the Markov chain also works when damage accumulates in multiple aftershocks from a single mainshock of known magnitude and location, if aftershock PSHA replaces classical PSHA. Herein, this model is extended further, developing a Markovian model that accounts, at the same time, for damage accumulation: (i) within any mainshock\uffe2\uff80\uff93aftershock seismic sequence and (ii) among multiple sequences. The model is illustrated through applications to a series of six\uffe2\uff80\uff90story reinforced concrete moment\uffe2\uff80\uff90resisting frame buildings designed for three sites with different seismic hazard levels in Italy. The time\uffe2\uff80\uff90variant reliability assessment results are compared with the classical PBEE approach and the accumulation model that only considers mainshocks, so as to address the relevance of aftershocks for life cycle assessment.

", "keywords": ["performance-based earthquake engineering", "life cycle assessment", "state-dependent fragility", "state-dependent fragility", " performance-based earthquake engineering", " back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis", " earthquake clusters", " life-cycle", "02 engineering and technology", "back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis; earthquake clusters; life cycle assessment; performance-based earthquake engineering; state-dependent fragility", "back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis", "earthquake clusters", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-22", "title": "Spatiotemporal seismic hazard and risk assessment of M9.0 megathrust earthquake sequences of wood\u2010frame houses in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada", "description": "Summary

Megathrust earthquake sequences, comprising mainshocks and triggered aftershocks along the subduction interface and in the overriding crust, can impact multiple buildings and infrastructure in a city. The time between the mainshocks and aftershocks usually is too short to retrofit the structures; therefore, moderate\uffe2\uff80\uff90size aftershocks can cause additional damage. To have a better understanding of the impact of aftershocks on city\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide seismic risk assessment, a new simulation framework of spatiotemporal seismic hazard and risk assessment of future M9.0 sequences in the Cascadia subduction zone is developed. The simulation framework consists of an epidemic\uffe2\uff80\uff90type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model, ground\uffe2\uff80\uff90motion model, and state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent seismic fragility model. The spatiotemporal ETAS model is modified to characterise aftershocks of large and anisotropic M9.0 mainshock ruptures. To account for damage accumulation of wood\uffe2\uff80\uff90frame houses due to aftershocks in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent fragility curves are implemented. The new simulation framework can be used for quasi\uffe2\uff80\uff90real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time aftershock hazard and risk assessments and city\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide post\uffe2\uff80\uff90event risk management.

", "keywords": ["Mainshock-aftershock sequences", "550", "seismic risk", "Damage accumulation", "seismic hazard", "Cascadia", "City-wide seismic risk", "02 engineering and technology", "Wood-frame houses", "01 natural sciences", "aftershocks", "0201 civil engineering", "earthquake clustering", "13. Climate action", "Cascadia subduction earthquakes", "Spatiotemporal ETAS seismicity model", "earthquakes", "State-dependent aftershock fragility curves", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3286"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3286"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/er.1853", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-11", "title": "Comparative Resource Analyses For Ethanol Produced From Corn And Sugarcane In Different Climatic Zones", "description": "SUMMARY Comparative analysis of resource input for ethanol produced from corn and sugarcane in temperate, dry, and tropical climate zones was conducted. Parameters such as the Net Energy Value (NEV), water requirement, land requirement, carbon dioxide emission with and without impact of changes in land use, and fertilizer released to the environment\u2014as surface runoff for nitrogen and phosphate, were compared for corn and sugarcane ethanol production. The estimates of NEV for corn ethanol varied from \u2212462 to 1757\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121, while those of sugarcane ethanol were between 16\u2009057 and 17\u2009092\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121 for the three climatic zones considered in this study. The results of the study also indicate that ethanol produced from sugarcane uses less or comparable amount of resources in contrast to ethanol produced from corn. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Asfaw Beyene, Temesgen Garoma, Monia Ben-Khaled,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Energy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/er.1853", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/er.1853", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/esp.1747", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-20", "title": "Vegetation And Topographic Controls On Sediment Deposition And Storage On Gully Beds In A Degraded Mountain Area", "description": "Abstract

Active gully systems developed on highly weathered or loose parent material are an important source of runoff and sediment production in degraded areas. However, a decrease of land pressure may lead to a return of a partial vegetation cover, whereby gully beds are preferred recolonization spots. Although the current knowledge on the role of vegetation on reducing sediment production on slopes is well developed, few studies exist on the significance of restoring sediment transport pathways on the total sediment budget of degraded mountainous catchments. This study in the Ecuadorian Andes evaluates the potential of vegetation to stabilize active gully systems by trapping and retaining eroded sediment in the gully bed, and analyses the significance of vegetation restoration in the gully bed in reducing sediment export from degraded catchments. Field measurements on 138 gully segments located in 13 ephemeral steep gullies with different ground vegetation cover indicate that gully bed vegetation is the most important factor in promoting short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (1\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years) sediment deposition and gully stabilization. In well\uffe2\uff80\uff90vegetated gully systems (\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff89\uffa5\uffc2\uffa030% of ground vegetation cover), 0.035\uffc2\uffa0m3 m\uffe2\uff80\uff931 of sediment is deposited yearly in the gully bed. Almost 50 per cent of the observed variance in sediment deposition volumes can be explained by the mean ground vegetation cover of the gully bed. The presence of vegetation in gully beds gives rise to the formation of vegetated buffer zones, which enhance short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term sediment trapping even in active gully systems in mountainous environments. Vegetation buffer zones are shown to modify the connectivity of sediment fluxes, as they reduce the transport efficiency of gully systems. First calculations on data on sediment deposition patterns in our study area show that gully bed deposition in response to gully bed revegetation can represent more than 25 per cent of the volume of sediment generated within the catchment. Our findings indicate that relatively small changes in landscape connectivity have the potential to create strong (positive) feedback loops between erosion and vegetation dynamics. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1747"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20Surface%20Processes%20and%20Landforms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/esp.1747", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/esp.1747", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/esp.1747"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/essoar.10505132.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-04", "title": "Non-Gaussian parameter inference for hydrogeological models using Stein Variational Gradient Descent", "description": "Abstract

The sustainable management of groundwater demands a faithful characterization of the subsurface. This, in turn, requires information which is generally not readily available. To bridge the gap between data need and availability, numerical models are often used to synthesize plausible scenarios not only from direct information but also from additional, indirect data. Unfortunately, the resulting system characterizations will rarely be unique. This poses a challenge for practical parameter inference: computational limitations often force modelers to resort to methods based on questionable assumptions of Gaussianity, which do not reproduce important facets of ambiguity such as Pareto fronts or multimodality. In search of a remedy, an alternative could be found in Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD), a recent development in the field of statistics. This ensemble\uffe2\uff80\uff90based method iteratively transforms a set of arbitrary particles into samples of a potentially non\uffe2\uff80\uff90Gaussian posterior, provided the latter is sufficiently smooth. A prerequisite for this method is knowledge of the Jacobian, which is usually exceptionally expensive to evaluate. To address this issue, we propose an ensemble\uffe2\uff80\uff90based, localized approximation of the Jacobian. We demonstrate the performance of the resulting algorithm in two cases: a simple, bimodal synthetic scenario, and a complex numerical model based on a real world, prealpine catchment. Promising results in both cases\uffe2\uff80\uff94even when the ensemble size is smaller than the number of parameters\uffe2\uff80\uff94suggest that SVGD can be a valuable addition to hydrogeological parameter inference.Uncertainty estimation plays an important part in practical hydrogeology. With most of the subsurface unobservable, attempts at system characterization will invariably be incomplete. Uncertainty estimation, then, must quantify the influence of unknown parameters, forcings, and structural deficiencies. In this endeavor, numerical modeling frameworks can resolve a high degree of subsurface complexity and its associated uncertainty. Where boundary uncertainty is concerned, however, numerical frameworks can be restrictive. The interdependence of grid discretization and its enclosing boundaries render exploration of uncertainties in their extent or nature challenging. The analytic element method (AEM) may be an interesting complement, as it is computationally efficient, economic with its parameter count, and does not require enclosure through finite boundaries. These properties make AEM well suited for uncertainty estimation, particularly in data\uffe2\uff80\uff90scarce settings or exploratory studies. In this study, we explore the use of AEM for flow field uncertainty estimation, with a particular focus on boundary uncertainty. To induce diverse, uncertain regional flow more easily, we propose a new element based on a M\uffc3\uffb6bius transformation. We include this element in a simple Python\uffe2\uff80\uff90based AEM toolbox and benchmark it against MODFLOW. Coupling AEM with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo routine using adaptive proposals, we explore its use in a synthetic case study. We find that AEM permits efficient uncertainty estimation for groundwater flow fields, which may form a basis for stochastic Lagrangian transport modeling or can support advanced model design by informing the placement of numerical model boundaries.Restoring belts of perennial vegetation in landscapes is widely recognized as a measure of improving landscape function. While there have been many studies of the transport of pollutants through grass filter strips, few have addressed sediment related processes through restored tree belts. In order to identify these processes and quantify their relative contribution to sediment trapping, a series of rainfall simulations was conducted on a 600 m2 hillslope comprising a pasture upslope of a 15 year old tree belt. Although the simulated events were extreme (average recurrence intervals \uffe2\uff88\uffbc10 and 50 yr), the trapping efficiency of the tree belt was very high: at least 94% of the total mass of sediments was captured. All the size fractions were trapped with a minimum Sediment Trapping Ratio (STR) of 91% for the medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90sized fragments. Fractions < 1\uffc2\uffb73 \uffc2\uffb5m and > 182 \uffc2\uffb5m were totally captured (STR = 100%). Through the joint analysis of sediment budgets and soil surface conditions, we identified different trapping processes. The main trapping process is the sedimentation (at least 62% of trapped sediment mass) with deposits in the backwater and as micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90terraces within the tree belt. Modelling results show that the coarsest size fractions above 75 \uffc2\uffb5m are preferentially deposited. Joint infiltration of water and sediments has also been noticed, however, this process alone cannot explain the selective trapping of the finest fractions. We suggest that the finest fractions transported by the overland flow may be trapped by adsorption on the abundant litter present within the tree belt. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "SEDIMENT DELIVERY", "550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "MACROPORES", "SIZE SELECTIVITY", "0207 environmental engineering", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "TREE LITTER", "BACKWATER", "ruissellement", "pluie artificielle", "630", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "RUNOFF;SIZE SELECTIVITY;SEDIMENT DELIVERY;TREE LITTER;BACKWATER;SEDIMENTATION;MACROPORES;am\u00e9nagement paysager", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "exp\u00e9rimentation au champ", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "am\u00e9nagement paysager", "RUNOFF", "haie", "SEDIMENTATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6957"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.6957", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.6957", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.6957"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/grl.50352", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-15", "title": "Climate Impacts Of A Large-Scale Biofuels Expansion", "description": "

A global biofuels program will potentially lead to intense pressures on land supply and cause widespread transformations in land use. These transformations can alter the Earth climate system by increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from land use changes and by changing the reflective and energy exchange characteristics of land ecosystems. Using an integrated assessment model that links an economic model with climate, terrestrial biogeochemistry, and biogeophysics models, we examined the biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects of possible land use changes from an expanded global second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation bioenergy program on surface temperatures over the first half of the 21st century. Our integrated assessment model shows that land clearing, especially forest clearing, has two concurrent effects\uffe2\uff80\uff94increased GHG emissions, resulting in surface air warming; and large changes in the land's reflective and energy exchange characteristics, resulting in surface air warming in the tropics but cooling in temperate and polar regions. Overall, these biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects will only have a small impact on global mean surface temperature. However, the model projects regional patterns of enhanced surface air warming in the Amazon Basin and the eastern part of the Congo Basin. Therefore, global land use strategies that protect tropical forests could dramatically reduce air warming projected in these regions.

", "keywords": ["Climate impacts", "Environmental Impact Assessment", "550", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Land use", "11. Sustainability", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50352"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/grl.50352", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/grl.50352", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/grl.50352"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.11203", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-16", "title": "3D soil hydraulic database of Europe at 250\u00a0m resolution", "description": "Abstract

Soil hydraulic properties are required in various modelling schemes. We propose a consistent spatial soil hydraulic database at 7 soil depths up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m calculated for Europe based on SoilGrids250m and 1\uffc2\uffa0km datasets and pedotransfer functions trained on the European Hydropedological Data Inventory. Saturated water content, water content at field capacity and wilting point, saturated hydraulic conductivity and Mualem\uffe2\uff80\uff90van Genuchten parameters for the description of the moisture retention, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves have been predicted. The derived 3D soil hydraulic layers (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids ver1.0) can be used for environmental modelling purposes at catchment or continental scale in Europe. Currently, only EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90SoilHydroGrids provides information on the most frequently required soil hydraulic properties with full European coverage up to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth at 250\uffc2\uffa0m resolution.We introduce the freely available web\uffe2\uff80\uff90based Water in an Agricultural Landscape\uffe2\uff80\uff94NU\uffc4\uff8dice Database (WALNUD) dataset that includes both hydrological and meteorological records at the Nu\uffc4\uff8dice experimental catchment (0.53\uffe2\uff80\uff89km2), which is representative of an intensively farmed landscape in the Czech Republic. The Nu\uffc4\uff8dice experimental catchment was established in 2011 for the observation of rainfall\uffe2\uff80\uff93runoff processes, soil erosion processes, and water balance of a cultivated landscape. The average altitude is 401\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff80\uff89a.s.l., the mean land slope is 3.9%, and the climate is humid continental (mean annual temperature 7.9\uffc2\uffb0C, annual precipitation 630\uffe2\uff80\uff89mm). The catchment is drained by an artificially straightened stream and consists of three fields covering over 95% of the area which are managed by two different farmers. The typical crops are winter wheat, rapeseed, and alfalfa. The installed equipment includes a standard meteorological station, several rain gauges distributed across the basin, and a flume with an H\uffe2\uff80\uff90type facing that is used to monitor stream discharge, water turbidity, and basic water quality indicators. Additionally, the groundwater level and soil water content at various depths near the stream are recorded. Recently, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale soil moisture monitoring efforts have been introduced with the installation of two cosmic\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray neutron sensors for soil moisture monitoring. The datasets consist of observed variables (e.g. measured precipitation, air temperature, stream discharge, and soil moisture) and are available online for public use. The cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90seasonal, open access datasets at this small\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale agricultural catchment will benefit not only hydrologists but also local farmers.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.14042"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14042"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.14042", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.14042", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.14042"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.14053", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-23", "title": "Time\u2010lapse visualization of spatial and temporal patterns of stream network dynamics", "keywords": ["0207 environmental engineering", "Hpeye", "02 engineering and technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.14053"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14053"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.14053", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.14053", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.14053"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.14667", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-09", "title": "Non\u2010linearity in event runoff generation in a small agricultural catchment", "description": "Abstract

Understanding the role of soil moisture and other controls in runoff generation is important for predicting runoff across scales. This paper aims to identify the degree of non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linearity of the relationship between event peak runoff and potential controls for different runoff generation mechanisms in a small agricultural catchment. The study is set in the 66\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Austria, where discharge was measured at the catchment outlet and for 11 sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90catchments or hillslopes with different runoff generation mechanisms. Peak runoff of 73 events was related to three potential controls: event precipitation, soil moisture and groundwater levels. The results suggest that the hillslopes dominated by ephemeral overland flow exhibit the most non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear runoff generation behaviour for its controls; runoff is only generated above a threshold of 95% of the maximum soil moisture. Runoff generation through tile drains and in wetlands is more linear. The largest winter and spring events at the catchment outlet are caused by runoff from hillslopes with shallow flow paths (ephemeral overland flow and tile drainage mechanisms), while the largest summer events are caused by other hillslopes, those with deeper flow paths or with saturation areas throughout the year. Therefore, the response of the entire catchment is a mix of the various mechanisms, and the groundwater contribution makes the response more linear. The implications for hydrological modelling are discussed.Rainfall interception was studied during one complete year in two montane rain forests in the Colombian Andes at altitudes of 2550 and 3370 m. Additional measurements were made in a subsequent period at 3370 m, comparing two plots with different tree genera. Special attention was paid to the possible consequences of the abundant epiphytic vegetation, representing a high but spatially variable storage capacity. On an annual basis, interception amounted to 262 mm (12.4 per cent) of 2115 mm incident precipitation at 2550 m, and to 265 mm (18.3 per cent) of 1453 mm incident precipitation at 3370 m. There was no evidence for fog precipitation. The fact that, in spite of lower annual rainfall and lower evaporation rate, absolute quantity of interception at 3370 m was not lower than at 2550 m is probably related to differences in rainfall distribution and canopy storage capacities. The different responses of the two tree genera (characterized by distinct epiphyte cover) and the lower interception after prolonged wet periods support the idea that epiphytes play a significant role in the interception process. A realistic description of the water balance of such ecosystems will require the adaptation of existing interception models.

", "keywords": ["0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Erik J. Veneklaas, R. van Ek,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360040403"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.3360040403", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.3360040403", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.3360040403"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1990-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.6212", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-24", "title": "Water Budgets Of Three Small Catchments Under Montane Forest In Ecuador: Experimental And Modelling Approach", "description": "Abstract

The water budget of forested catchments controls the local water supply and influences the regional climate. To assess the anthropogenic impact on the water cycle, we constructed a water budget for three \uffe2\uff88\uffbc10 ha catchments under lower montane forest on the east\uffe2\uff80\uff90facing slope of the Andes in south Ecuador at 1900\uffe2\uff80\uff932150 m elevation. We used field hydrological measurements and modelled surface flows with TOPMODEL, a semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90distributed catchment model. We measured incident precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, and surface flow between May 1998 and April 2002 in hourly to weekly resolution, and determined all variables needed to parameterise TOPMODEL. On average, of the four monitored years and three catchments, incident precipitation was 2504 \uffc2\uffb1 SD 123 mm, throughfall 1473 \uffc2\uffb1 197 mm, and stemflow 25 \uffc2\uffb1 2 mm yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Fog water input was negligible. Mean annual interception loss in the forest was 1006 \uffc2\uffb1 270 mm, and mean annual surface flow, calculated with TOPMODEL in an hourly resolution was 1039 \uffc2\uffb1 48 mm. The resulting mean annual evapotranspiration was 1466 \uffc2\uffb1 161 mm of which 32% ( =471 \uffc2\uffb1 162 mm) was transpiration if evaporation from the soil was neglected. Our study catchments show a high evapotranspiration attributable to the strong solar insolation near the equator, the small impact of fog, the generally low intensity of incident precipitation and additional wind\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven advective energy input. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "550 - Earth sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fleischbein, K., Wilcke, W., Zech, W., Valarezo, C., Knoblich, K.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6212"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.6212", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.6212", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.6212"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.6331", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-25", "title": "Soil Water Storage And Rooting Depth: Key Factors Controlling Recharge On Rangelands", "description": "Abstract

The practice of removing woody vegetation to enhance water supply in semiarid rangelands in the United States continues to generate considerable interest, even though past research has yielded apparently contradictory results concerning its efficacy. In an attempt to elucidate the factors that determine whether and how woody vegetation removal affects water supply, we analysed the problem using a water balance approach. In our analysis, deep drainage is the water balance component associated with water supply. Because the herbaceous vegetation that replaces the woody plants generally has a shallower effective rooting depth (Rd), the amount of soil water potentially available for transpiration is reduced and more is available for deep drainage. The potential increase in deep drainage can be estimated from the capacity of the soil to store plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90available water (Sc) and may be substantial. Our case study on sagebrush rangeland documents how Rd, and consequently Sc, changed after woody vegetation at the site was removed by burning. Using depth profiles of soil water content and matric potential, we showed that the Rd of the post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fire vegetation was about 140 cm, 60 cm less than that of the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90fire vegetation, and that this resulted in a potential increase in deep drainage of about 6 cm of water\uffe2\uff80\uff94which in semiarid rangelands is substantial. Historical precipitation patterns indicate that there is nearly always sufficient net precipitation to generate the additional 6 cm of deep drainage at this site. However, in most of the area the soil depth is less than 140 cm, so that transpiration and deep drainage would be unaffected by the vegetation change and the overall water supply enhancement would be much less than 6 cm. These results indicate that the change in Sc that may follow woody shrub removal is an important criterion to evaluate sites for vegetation conversion. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6331"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.6331", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.6331", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.6331"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-15", "title": "A Viable Technology To Generate Third-Generation Biofuel", "description": "Abstract

First generation biofuels are widely available because the production technologies are well developed. However, growth of the raw materials conflicts with food security, so that first\uffe2\uff80\uff90 generation biofuels are not so promising. The second generation of biofuels will not compete directly with food but requires several energy intensive processes to produce them, and also increases land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change, which reduces its environmental and economic feasibility. The production of third\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuels avoids the issues met with first\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and second\uffe2\uff80\uff90 generation biofuels, namely food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel competition, land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change, etc., and is thus considered a viable alternative energy resource. On all dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economical), a life cycle assessment approach is most relevant to avoid issues in problem shifting. The utilization of organic waste and carbon dioxide in flue gases for the production of biomass further increases the sustainability of third generation biofuels, as it minimizes greenhouse gas emissions and disposal problems. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Chemical%20Technology%20%26amp%3B%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jctb.2666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jctb.6409", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-13", "title": "Self\u2010assembling of Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid for synergistic bio\u2010abiotic removal of Cr(VI)", "description": "AbstractBACKGROUND

Bacterial cells can biosynthesize palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and utilize those in situ assembled nanoparticles for synergistic bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90abiotic catalysis, which is promising for pollutant remediation. However, such synergistic catalysis is restricted due to the low cell viability and inefficient palladium immobilization.

RESULTS

In this study, conductive and two\uffe2\uff80\uff90dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was explored for nanocoating of Shewanella oneidensis cells and the construction of a self\uffe2\uff80\uff90assembled Shewanella@rGO bionanohybrid. Impressively, after in situ biosynthesis of Pd NPs on the Shewanella@rGO bionanohybrid, a Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid was assembled, which showed about 10 times higher cell viability and 2.4 times more immobilized palladium content than the bionanohybrid without rGO. More importantly, the improved cell viability and enhanced Pd immobilization synergistically promoted Cr(VI) removal using the Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid, which was 10 times that of native cells and five times that of the bionanohybrid without rGO.

CONCLUSIONS

This work provides a promising strategy for biosynthesis and in situ assembly of Pd NPs with living bacterial cells, which is promising for synergistic bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90abiotic removal of Cr(VI) and should extend the application of Pd NPs in pollutant remediation. \uffc2\uffa9 2020 Society of Chemical IndustryPhosphorus (P) recovered and recycled from agricultural waste, such precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) and calcium phosphates from the effluent after anaerobic digestion of wastes, is an important approach to developing environmentally sustainable fertilizers. However, for controlled phosphorus precipitation/recovery, it is usually necessary to supplement Ca2+ or Mg2+ ions; this represents more than 75% of the total operational costs and, as a result, hinders a more extensive application of this process. Therefore, there is a need to investigate alternative and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost cation sources to recover phosphorus by precipitation. This study investigated limestone powder as calcium source and seawater as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery by precipitation from the liquid fraction of digestate. The main parameters affecting the efficiency of the precipitation process were assessed under (i) four different pH values and (ii) three different molar ratios (Ca or Mg: P).

RESULTS

The maximum phosphate removal rate was 44% for limestone powder at molar ratio 2:1 and pH\uffc2\uffa07. Higher phosphate removal using limestone powder was possibly inhibited by calcite precipitation. For seawater, the phosphate removal rate was 65% at molar ratio 2:1 and pH\uffc2\uffa010. Results of experiments using seawater at molar ratio 2:1 showed a decrease in K+ concentration and phosphate, suggesting that K\uffe2\uff80\uff90struvite precipitation may have occurred.

CONCLUSION

Limestone powder and seawater have a great potential to be used partially or totally as ion source for industrial recovery of P, mainly due to its very low cost. The recovered product could potentially be used as soil amendment and/or as phosphate rock substitute for fertilizer production. \uffc2\uffa9 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jctb.6842"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6842"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Chemical%20Technology%20%26amp%3B%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jctb.6842", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jctb.6842", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jctb.6842"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/joc.7241", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-06", "title": "Long\u2010term changes in drought indices in eastern and central Europe", "description": "Abstract

This study analyses long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term changes in drought indices (Standardised Precipitation Index\uffe2\uff80\uff94SPI, Standardised Precipitation\uffe2\uff80\uff93Evapotranspiration Index\uffe2\uff80\uff94SPEI) at 1 and 3\uffe2\uff80\uff89months scales at 182 stations in 11 central and eastern European countries during 1949\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. For comparative purposes, the necessary atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) to obtain SPEI was calculated using two methods, Hargreaves\uffe2\uff80\uff90Samani (SPEIH) and Penman\uffe2\uff80\uff90Monteith (SPEIP). The results show some relevant changes and tendencies in the drought indices. Statistically significant increase in SPI and SPEI during the cold season (November\uffe2\uff80\uff93March), reflecting precipitation increase, was found in the northern part of the study region, in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, northern Belarus and northern Poland. In the rest of study domain, a weak and mostly insignificant decrease prevailed in winter. Summer season (June\uffe2\uff80\uff93August) is characterized by changes in the opposite sign. An increase was observed in the north, while a clear decrease in SPEI, reflecting a drying trend, was typical for the southern regions: the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova and southern Poland. A general drying tendency revealed also in April, which was statistically significant over a wide area in the Czech Republic and Poland. Increasing trends in SPI and SPEI for September and October were detected in Romania, Moldova and Hungary. The use of SPEI instead of SPI generally enhances drying trends.Agricultural land in lowland Vietnam is scarce due to population growth. Hence, cultivation is increasingly practised on the steep upland slopes. Factors affecting resource use, soil fertility and household economics were studied in six villages of the Black Thai ethnic group in northwest Vietnam. Farmers were interviewed about their individual household situation. Yield development of major crops and cropping patterns in upland cultivation over the last 50 years were recorded in group discussions. In addition, soil fertility was analysed on different land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use units.

Formerly predominant upland rice changed to maize and cassava production at present. Decreasing soil fertility and a shift from subsistence to market\uffe2\uff80\uff90oriented production, facilitated by new maize varieties and better access to markets are major causes. The Black Thai farmers economy has improved in recent years. The decline in soil fertility is concealed by higher maize yields from new varieties, and soil fertility conservation ranks low among farmers' priorities. The improved economy of the individual households might be of short duration if farmers cannot be sensitized to new resource management options. These have to be developed in line with farmers' priorities and the fragile environment of Vietnam's uplands. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "1. No poverty", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Le Quoc Thanh, A. Wezel, A. Luibrand,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.481"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.481", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.481", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.481"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.720", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-22", "title": "Extinction Or Adaptation? Three Decades Of Change In Shifting Cultivation In Sarawak, Malaysia", "description": "Abstract

Shifting cultivation is commonly believed to be disappearing in Southeast Asia, but appears relatively persistent in some areas with alternative economic opportunities. This paper analyses how three decades of development have influenced both the decline and persistence of shifting cultivation in Sarawak, Malaysia. Changes in land use and demography are analysed in two Iban shifting cultivation communities, which differ in access to markets, off\uffe2\uff80\uff90farm work, and in their proximity to large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale land development. Although the Sarawak State Government's policies to limit shifting cultivation have not proven effective, introduction of compulsory school attendance, investment in infrastructure and associated access to markets and employment opportunities have gradually changed local livelihoods, now composed of subsistence and commercial farming, land development and connections to local and international labour markets. Shifting cultivation of hill rice has persisted in both communities despite other economic opportunities and has been maintained for a range of reasons. However, increasing permanent migration of younger people and pressure on land from land development may gradually end shifting cultivation, particularly in more developed areas. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "8. Economic growth", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.720"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.720", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.720", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.720"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/maco.201810655", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-04", "title": "Volatilization kinetics of chromium oxide, manganese oxide, and manganese chromium spinel at high temperatures in environments containing water vapor", "description": "Abstract

Performance degradation of solid oxide fuel cells due to chromium volatilization is a well\uffe2\uff80\uff90investigated issue in the literature. Therefore, retention coatings were developed to distinctly reduce the chromium volatilization. One approach was by alloying with manganese to ferritic steels to form manganese chromium spinel which is reported to decrease chromium volatilization by 61\uffe2\uff80\uff9375%. In the present paper, the volatilization rates of pure manganese chromium spinel ceramics were examined as well as those of the two oxides forming this spinel\uffe2\uff80\uff94pure chromium oxide and pure manganese oxide\uffe2\uff80\uff94in synthetic air containing 10% water vapor (high p(O2)) and argon/hydrogen containing 10% water vapor (low p(O2)) at 850\uffc2\uffb0C, 950\uffc2\uffb0C, and 1,050\uffc2\uffb0C. Chromium oxide showed higher volatilization rates in high p(O2), whereas manganese oxide demonstrated higher volatilization rates in low p(O2). Contradictory to the literature, manganese chromium spinel displayed the highest volatilization rates in both atmospheres and nonlinear kinetics behavior. This deviation from linear behavior can be attributed to diffusion\uffe2\uff80\uff90controlled volatilization in high p(O2).

", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "chromium oxide", " diffusion\u2010controlled volatilization", " manganese chromium spinel", " manganese oxide", " water vapor corrosion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/maco.201810655"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201810655"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials%20and%20Corrosion", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/maco.201810655", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/maco.201810655", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/maco.201810655"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/macp.201900573", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-26", "title": "The Promising Future of Fluoropolymers", "description": "Abstract

This article aims at showing the usefulness of fluoropolymers (FPs), supplying an overview of their synthesis, applications, and recycling. FPs are currently prepared by conventional radical polymerization of fluoromonomers. These specialty polymers, produced in low tonnage compared to that of commodity ones, display outstanding properties, such as chemical, oxidative, and thermal resistances, low refractive index, dissipation factor, permittivity, and water absorptivity, and excellent weatherability and durability. More recent routes for their preparations are suggested, controlled or not, leading to random, alternated, block, graft, dendrimers, or multiarm copolymers, as well as their applications ranging from coatings to high performance (thermoplastic) elastomers, energy related\uffe2\uff80\uff90materials (e.g., fuel cell membranes, components for lithium\uffe2\uff80\uff90ion batteries, electroactive devices, and photovoltaics) to original and surfactants, optical devices, organic electronics, composites, and shape memory polymers.A set of analytical solutions achieved by the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and the pseudo\uffe2\uff80\uff90static approach is presented for the assessment of the stability of homogeneous c, \uffcf\uff95 slopes manifesting vertical cracks and subject to seismic action. Rotational failure mechanisms are considered for slopes with cracks of either known or unknown depth and location. A validation exercise was carried out based on numerical limit analyses and displacement\uffe2\uff80\uff90based finite\uffe2\uff80\uff90element analyses with strength reduction technique.

Charts providing the stability factor for fissured slopes subject to both horizontal and vertical accelerations for any combination of c, \uffcf\uff95 and slope inclination are provided. The effect of the direction of the vertical acceleration on slope stability is specifically analysed. Yield seismic coefficients are also provided.

When the presence of cracks within the slope can be ascertained with reasonable confidence, maps showing the zones within the slope where they have no destabilising effect are provided.

Finally, Newmark's method was employed to assess the effect of cracks on earthquake induced displacements. To this end, displacement coefficients are provided in chart form as a function of the slope characteristics. Two examples of slopes subjected to known earthquakes are illustrated. \uffc2\uffa9 2016 The Authors. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

", "keywords": ["TA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77600/1/WRAP_1073610-es-220216-utili_et_al-2016-international_journal.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/nag.2498"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2498"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20for%20Numerical%20and%20Analytical%20Methods%20in%20Geomechanics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/nag.2498", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/nag.2498", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/nag.2498"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/pan3.10080", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-09", "title": "Action needed for the EU Common Agricultural Policy to address sustainability challenges", "description": "Abstract

Making agriculture sustainable is a global challenge. In the European Union (EU), the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is failing with respect to biodiversity, climate, soil, land degradation as well as socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic challenges.

The European Commission's proposal for a CAP post\uffe2\uff80\uff902020 provides a scope for enhanced sustainability. However, it also allows Member States to choose low\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambition implementation pathways. It therefore remains essential to address citizens' demands for sustainable agriculture and rectify systemic weaknesses in the CAP, using the full breadth of available scientific evidence and knowledge.

Concerned about current attempts to dilute the environmental ambition of the future CAP, and the lack of concrete proposals for improving the CAP in the draft of the European Green Deal, we call on the European Parliament, Council and Commission to adopt 10 urgent action points for delivering sustainable food production, biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation.

Knowledge is available to help moving towards evidence\uffe2\uff80\uff90based, sustainable European agriculture that can benefit people, nature and their joint futures.

The statements made in this article have the broad support of the scientific community, as expressed by above 3,600 signatories to the preprint version of this manuscript. The list can be found here (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3685632).

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

", "keywords": ["330", "333.7 Landfl\u00e4chen", " Naturr\u00e4ume f\u00fcr Freizeit und Erholung", " Naturreservate", " Energie", "public goods", "ddc:320", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "SMART targets", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Article", "12. Responsible consumption", "GF1-900", "11. Sustainability", "evidence-based policy", "ddc:630", "European Green Deal", "QH540-549.5", "agriculture", "biodiversity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "ddc:333", "1. No poverty", "15. Life on land", "320", "Agronomy", "Environmental sciences", "climate change", "Human ecology. Anthropogeography", "13. Climate action", "evidence\u2010based policy", "Common Agricultural Policy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/People%20and%20Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/pan3.10080", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/pan3.10080", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/pts.2308", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-21", "title": "Cellulose Nanocrystals from Lignocellulosic Raw Materials, for Oxygen Barrier Coatings on Food Packaging Films", "description": "Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are unique, renewable top-down nano particles from which coatings with improved gas barrier properties and new functionalities can be prepared. In this paper, the potential for obtaining such high performing nanocrystals from low-cost lignocellulosic by-products or raw materials is proved by a comparison study on CNCs obtained both from cotton linters and kraft pulp, by means of the ammonium persulfate (APS) process. Morphological and chemical characterization of the nanocrystals obtained, as well as the main functional properties of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) coated films, showed quite similar characteristics and performances of CNCs obtained from pure cellulose raw material (cotton linters) and the nanoparticles produced from a potential discard of paper making processes (kraft pulp). In particular, the gas barrier properties of the coating produced with CNCs obtained from kraft pulp were very promising, providing oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability values hundreds of times lower than those of equal thickness in comparison with common barrier synthetic polymers, over a broad range of temperatures. The results obtained are relevant not only for the outstanding performances achieved, but also because they evoke a possible positive example of industrial symbiosis in the packaging field, merging together the requirements and needs of the paper and plastic industries and addressing the way towards a better management of waste and materials. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "keywords": ["ammonium persulfate (APS) process; cellulose nano-crystals; film coating; gas permeability; lignocellulosic materials; Chemistry (all); Materials Science (all); Mechanical Engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2308"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Packaging%20Technology%20and%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/pts.2308", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/pts.2308", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/pts.2308"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/qj.2967", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-16", "title": "Spatial and temporal patterns of surface-atmosphere energy exchange in a dense urban environment using scintillometry", "description": "

Spatially integrated measurements of the surface energy balance (SEB) are needed in urban areas to evaluate urban climate models and satellite observations. Scintillometers allow observations of sensible heat flux (QH) over much larger areas than techniques such as eddy covariance (EC), however methods are needed to partition between remaining unmeasured SEB terms. This is the first study to use observed spatial and temporal patterns of QH from a scintillometer network to constrain estimates of remaining SEB terms in a dense, heterogeneous urban environment. Results show that QH dominates the surface energy balance in central London throughout the year, with expected diurnal courses and seasonal trends in QH magnitude related to solar radiation input. Measurements also reveal a clear anthropogenic component of QH with winter (summer) weekday QH values 11.7% (5.1%) higher than weekends. Spatially, QH magnitude is correlated with vegetation and building landcover fraction in the measurement source areas. Spatial analysis provides additional evidence of anthropogenic influence with highest weekday/weekend ratios (1.55) from the City of London. Spatial differences are used to estimate horizontal advection and a novel method to estimate monthly latent heat flux is developed based on observed landcover and wet\uffe2\uff80\uff93dry surface variations in normalized QH. Annual anthropogenic heat emissions are estimated to be 46.3 W m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 using an energy balance residual approach. The methods presented here have potential to significantly enhance understanding of urban areas, particularly in areas with tall buildings where there are few observational data.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/68154/3/qj2967.pdf"}, {"href": "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.2967"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2967"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quarterly%20Journal%20of%20the%20Royal%20Meteorological%20Society", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/qj.2967", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/qj.2967", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/qj.2967"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/rnc.4288", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-08-07", "title": "Quantization effects and convergence properties of rigid formation control systems with quantized distance measurements", "description": "Summary

In this paper, we discuss quantization effects in rigid formation control systems when target formations are described by interagent distances. Because of practical sensing and measurement constraints, we consider in this paper distance measurements in their quantized forms. We show that under gradient\uffe2\uff80\uff90based formation control, in the case of uniform quantization, the distance errors converge locally to a bounded set whose size depends on the quantization error, while in the case of logarithmic quantization, all distance errors converge locally to zero. A special quantizer involving the signum function is then considered with which all agents can only measure coarse distances in terms of binary information. In this case, the formation converges locally to a target formation within a finite time. Lastly, we discuss the effect of asymmetric uniform quantization on rigid formation control.The benefits of using cover crops for improving soil and water quality are well known. Less clear is whether cover crops, especially those forming a taproot system, can favor solute transport down to the groundwater by modifying soil hydraulic properties and solute dynamics. In this study, we employed 12 lysimeters to conduct a comparative analysis between a taproot cover crop, specifically forage radish (FR), and bare soil (BS), under three water table management conditions. Our objective was to evaluate whether the enhancement of root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived macroporosity could have modified water and solute dynamics, and offset the benefits provided by FR that is commonly used to mitigate solute leaching. A tracer solution of bromide (Br\uffe2\uff88\uff92) was added to lysimeters, and solute flux concentrations were determined at different depths during a 25\uffe2\uff80\uff90day test. Soil moisture and pressure heads were monitored. Water and solute transport parameters were estimated by inverse modeling using HYDRUS\uffe2\uff80\uff901D. A complementary laboratory experiment was performed to quantify the effect of FR root apparatus on the macropore structure by using noninvasive X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray microtomography (\uffc2\uffb5CT). Results showed that the growth of FR within the lysimeters induced alterations in water and solute dynamics compared with BS. This is primarily attributed to its proficiency as solute scavenger, with an uptake capacity of up to 47% of the total injected tracer. Our comparative analysis instead revealed subtle differences in soil structure and hydraulic properties brought about by the presence of FR. Major changes were observed for the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), which increased from an average of 8.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9349.8\uffc2\uffa0cm day\uffe2\uff88\uff921 within the 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9345\uffc2\uffa0cm layer in BS and FR, respectively. Additionally, there was a difference in immobile water content (\uffce\uffb8im), with the values in FR averaging 21% lower than those in BS. These modifications can be attributed to the formation of fissures and channels, primarily concentrated in the proximity of taproot development, without extending into deep preferential flow pathways. These structural changes were supported by the nondestructive \uffc2\uffb5CT analyses. Upon aggregating the effects observed, solute movement to groundwater was not affected by FR compared to BS conditions.Metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90free carbon electrodes with well\uffe2\uff80\uff90defined composition and smooth topography are prepared via sputter deposition followed by thermal treatment with inert and reactive gases. X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy show that three carbons of similar N/C content that differ in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90site composition are thus prepared: an electrode consisting of almost exclusively graphitic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N (NG), an electrode with predominantly pyridinic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N (NP), and one with \uffe2\uff89\uff881:1 NG:NP composition. These materials are used as model systems to investigate the activity of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90doped carbons in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using voltammetry. Results show that selectivity toward 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction of O2 is strongly influenced by the NG/NP site composition, with the material possessing nearly uniform NG/NP composition being the only one yielding a 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction. Computational studies on model graphene clusters are carried out to elucidate the effect of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90site homogeneity on the reaction pathway. Calculations show that for pure NG\uffe2\uff80\uff90doping or NP\uffe2\uff80\uff90doping of model graphene clusters, adsorption of hydroperoxide and hydroperoxyl radical intermediates, respectively, is weak, thus favoring desorption prior to complete 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction to hydroxide. Clusters with mixed NG/NP sites display synergistic effects, suggesting that co\uffe2\uff80\uff90presence of these sites improves activity and selectivity by achieving high theoretical reduction potentials while facilitating retention of intermediates.Agriculture is facing immense challenges. We have to produce enough food while safe\uffe2\uff80\uff90guarding the environment for future generations. This results in the need to use less water and fertilizer, and to harness soil quality. Key to achieving this goal is improving the understanding of processes and interactions governing the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere continuum of agricultural ecosystems. Geophysical tools have great potential to better characterize and quantify these processes noninvasively from the plot to landscape scale. Nevertheless, a number of challenges remain for geophysical results to be better exploited by different scientific communities and by decision\uffe2\uff80\uff90makers. In this special section, we explore ongoing research in the relatively new field of agrogeophysics, and we provide an overview of potential applications and highlight future research needs.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "GE1-350", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3449433/2/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal%20-%202021%20-%20Garr%c3%a9%20-%20Geophysics%20conquering%20new%20territories%20The%20rise%20of%20agrogeophysics.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20315", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-28", "title": "Microbial mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in the spatially heterogeneous vadose zone: A modeling study", "description": "Abstract

Spatially distributed properties of the subsurface result in varying water saturation and preferential flow paths, which lead to heterogeneous solute transport patterns and heterogeneous microbial environments. This, in turn, influences the distribution of nutrients and energy gradients, microbial biomass, and activity thereof. By their very nature, current field sampling techniques do not resolve subsampling scale heterogeneities in microbial biomass and activity, resulting in inaccurate estimates of microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the heterogeneous subsurface. Thus, in this study, we undertook a numerical modeling approach to study the impact of spatial heterogeneity on microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the vadose zone. We adapted an established biogeochemical process network that captures a variety of respiration pathways, carbon decomposition strategies, and microbial life processes to simulate microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in variably saturated spatially heterogeneous settings, using an established numerical tool (OGS#BRNS). The fractionation of microbial communities into active and inactive states, as well as immobile and mobile states followed could be linked to the bulk average saturation. Lastly, we identified three reactive systems, distinguished by the rate ratio of aerobic respiration and transfer of oxygen from the air to the water phase, to evaluate the impact of spatial heterogeneity on carbon and nitrogen removal in subsurface heterogeneous domains. Specifically, when this ratio is approximately 1, there is no impact on carbon removal, while when this ratio is very high, then carbon removal decreases as the domain tends to be oxygen limited.Biofuels are being supported by many governments for a range of perceived benefits including improved domestic energy security, reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when compared with fossil\uffe2\uff80\uff90fuel counterparts, and economic development and employment generation, particularly in rural areas. Life\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycle, cost\uffe2\uff80\uff90benefit, and systems analyses, however, indicate that the expansion of biofuels can have complex effects on, and interactions with, land use and food and fuel prices. This article reviews the economic, environmental, and social benefits and costs of biofuels using experiences from developing countries in Asia. The review reveals the following: (1) biofuels are generally not economically competitive with fossil fuels and government support, though prevailing, is costly and questionable. (2) Although biofuels are generally viewed to be a threat to food security, if properly managed, their development could lead to improved productivity in the agriculture sector over the long term with benefits for rural livelihoods and food security. (3) Even though reducing GHG emissions is a key driver for the development of biofuels, effects in terms of soil quality, biodiversity, and water quality must also be assessed; the environmental benefits of biofuels are debatable and depend on a range of fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific factors, management, and agricultural practices. On the basis of this assessment a range of strategies are suggested to further improve the sustainability of biofuels in Asia. WIREs Clim Change 2013, 4:497\uffe2\uff80\uff93511. doi: 10.1002/wcc.241

This article is categorized under:

The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Benefits of Mitigation

Climate and Development > Decoupling Emissions from Development

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "1. No poverty", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.241"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/WIREs%20Climate%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/wcc.241", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/wcc.241", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/wcc.241"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/we.2178", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-31", "title": "Nonlinear soil-pile interaction for offshore wind turbines", "description": "Abstract

The current work presents a parametric study, which involves different generalized nonlinear mechanical formulations with different damping characteristics to account for the interaction between a monopile\uffe2\uff80\uff90supported offshore wind turbine and the surrounding soil. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that recently developed nonlinear mechanical models used so far for the simulation of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90damping rubber isolators are introduced to describe the nonlinear hysteretic soil behavior. More specifically, the first generalized mechanical model consists of a combination of elastoplastic and trilinear elastic elements (labeled as model 3), while the second model consists of trilinear hysteretic models connected in parallel with trilinear elastic springs and hysteretic dampers used to ensure that the unloading stiffness will be as close as possible to the initial stiffness of the system (labeled as model 4). These newly developed models are compared with well\uffe2\uff80\uff90known models within the industry, namely, a model that comprises elastoplastic elements (labeled as model 1) and a model that comprises trilinear elastic springs (labeled as model 2). All these models provide exactly the same effective stiffness, but on the other hand different levels of damping are involved in each one of them. The goal of the present work is 3\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold, introducing novel mechanical models for the simulation of soil behavior, to investigate the effect of different soil damping levels in the response of offshore wind turbines and to highlight the limitations of the commonly used models within the industry. To this end, the differences between the response due to different levels of damping characteristics and modeling approaches are shown, highlighting the importance of soil damping in the overall response of the system.

", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Amir M. Kaynia, Amir M. Kaynia, Athanasios A. Markou, Athanasios A. Markou,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Wind%20Energy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/we.2178", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/we.2178", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2019-06-22", "title": "The Effect of Densification on Pieve di Cento Sands in Cyclic Simple Shear Tests", "description": "The main aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of densification as a mitigation technique against liquefaction, by means of cyclic simple shear tests carried out on specimens reconstituted at several relative densities. The adopted cyclic simple shear apparatus works with a sophisticated control system, which allows to carry out tests in k0 condition without using confining rings. Two different Italian sands were tested, both retrieved at Pieve di Cento (Emilia Romagna Region, affected by 2012 earthquake) at different depths. The results of cyclic simple shear tests show that densification increases the resistance to liquefaction. The expression of Booker et al. (1976) has been also used to simulate the trend of excess pore pressure ratio with the ratio between number of cycles and number of cycles at liquefaction of the experimental undrained cyclic tests.", "keywords": ["Cyclic simple shear tests", " Densification", " Soil liquefaction", "cyclic simple shear tests.", "densification", "", "Soil liquefaction", "Densification", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Cyclic simple shear tests", "02 engineering and technology", "soil liquefaction", ""]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-030-21359-6_47"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/pl00009135", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-10", "title": "Validierung Software-intensiver eingebetteter Systeme", "description": "Eingebettete Systeme sind aus unserer taglichen Umgebung nicht mehr wegzudenken: Man findet sie in Haushaltsgeraten und Kraftfahrzeugen ebenso wie in Prozeskontrollsystemen. Software ist ein wichtiger, standig wachsender Bestandteil solcher Systeme. Das Versagen eingebetteter Systeme kann zu erheblichen Schaden fuhren. Deshalb werden i.a. hohe Anforderungen an ihre Verlaslichkeit und somit auch an ihre Validierung gestellt. Der Aufsatz zeigt Unterschiede zu klassischer Software auf, fuhrt in die synchrone objektorientierte Technologie ein und demonstriert, wie dieser zeitgesteuerte Ansatz die Validierung unterstutzt. Als Demonstrationsbeispiel dient die Steuerung einer Fusgangerampel.", "keywords": ["0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Monika M\u00fcllerburg", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00009135"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Informatik%20Forschung%20und%20Entwicklung", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/pl00009135", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/pl00009135", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/pl00009135"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-04", "title": "Investigations Of Responses To Metal Pollution In Land Snail Populations (Cantareus Aspersus And Cepaea Nemoralis) From A Smelter-Impacted Area", "description": "A cross-transplantation field experiment was performed to investigate about possible adaptation/acclimatization to metal pollution in common garden snail Cantareus aspersus (ex-Helix aspersa) and brown-lipped grove snail Cepaea nemoralis populations. Adults were collected from an area surrounding a former smelter (ME), highly polluted by trace metals (TMs) for decades, and from an unpolluted site (BE). Subadults of first generation (F1) were exposed in microcosms in a 28-day kinetic study. Four exposure sites were chosen around the smelter along a soil pollution gradient (vegetation and soil otherwise comparable). Bioaccumulation in snail soft tissues globally increased with soil contamination, with Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations reaching 271, 187, 5527\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g(-1), respectively. Accumulation kinetic patterns were similar between snail species but C. nemoralis showed greater TM levels than C. aspersus. Some inter-population differences were revealed in TM accumulation (bioaccumulation factors, accumulation kinetics) but did not suggest consistent adaptive responses. We did not detect negative effects of TM exposure on snail condition (body weight, shell size, shell weight). ME C. aspersus snails produced heavier shells than BE snails under exposure to TMs at the highest level, suggesting an adaptive response. The protocol used in this study, however, did not allow unambiguously distinguishing whether this response was due to genetic adaptation or to maternal effects. Abnormal but reversible shell development of adult ME C. nemoralis suggested physiological acclimatization. Differences in responses to TMs between populations are observed for conchological parameters, not for bioaccumulation, with different strategies according to the species (acclimatization or adaptation/maternal effects).", "keywords": ["550", "invertebrate", "Snails", "590", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metal", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "01 natural sciences", "Kinetics", "bioaccumulation", "Models", " Chemical", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "adaptive response", "Metallurgy", "Animals", "Body Size", "Soil Pollutants", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10661-018-6700-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-06", "title": "Improving nitrate load estimates in an agricultural catchment using Event Response Reconstruction", "description": "Low-frequency grab sampling cannot capture fine dynamics of stream solute concentrations, which results in large uncertainties in load estimates. The recent development of high-frequency sensors has enabled monitoring solute concentrations at sub-hourly time scales. This study aimed to improve nitrate (NO3) load estimates using high-resolution records (15-min time interval) from optical sensors to capture the typical concentration response to storm events. An empirical model was developed to reconstruct NO3 concentrations during storm events in a 100-km2 agricultural catchment in Germany. Two years (Jan 2002 to Dec 2002 and Oct 2005 to Sep 2006) of high-frequency measurements of NO3 concentrations, discharge and precipitation were used. An Event Response Reconstruction (ERR) model was developed using NO3 concentration descriptor variables and predictor variables calculated from discharge and precipitation records. Fourteen events were used for calibration, and 27 events from four periods of continuous records of high-frequency measurement were used for validation. During all selected storm events, NO3 concentration decreased during flow rise and increased during the recession phase of the hydrograph. Three storm descriptor variables were used to describe these dynamics: relative change in concentration between initial and minimum NO3 concentrations (rdN), time to maximum change in NO3 concentration (TdN) and time to 50% recovery of NO3 concentration (TN rec ). The ERR consisted of building linear models of discharge and precipitation to predict these three descriptors. The ERR approach greatly improved NO3 load estimates compared to linear interpolation of grab sampling data (error decreased from 10 to 1%) or flow-weighted estimation of load (error is 7%). This study demonstrated that ERR based on a few months of high-resolution data enables accurate load estimates from low-frequency NO3 data.", "keywords": ["Nitrates", "Rivers", "13. Climate action", "Germany", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "Water Pollution", " Chemical", "0207 environmental engineering", "Agriculture", "Nitrogen Oxides", "02 engineering and technology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "6. Clean water", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6700-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-018-6700-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-018-6700-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-018-6700-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10668-017-9969-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-20", "title": "Designing Community-Based Payment Scheme For Ecosystem Services: A Case From Koshi Hills, Nepal", "description": "The study was carried out to design payment for ecosystem services (PES) scheme to enhance the effectiveness of existing drinking water supply project. This study determined willingness-to-pay of water users using choice experiment method and identify the willingness of watershed households to participate in the scheme by household survey. The results suggest that creating a multi-stakeholder institution at the local level, led by local body, will make the implementation of the PES feasible. This would create trust between ecosystem managers and service consumers, facilitates monitoring system and encourages their participation in watershed management. In the beginning, water users would like to pay less than their willingness-to-pay because it may take time to improve the situation. This suggests that community-based payment for ecosystem services scheme in rural area can be kicked off, only after the external support this is because the amount committed by water users are not sufficient to implement all required activities and ecosystem managers will not make an investment expecting that they will be paid in the future. The study also recommends providing upstream communities in-kind support rather than cash may reduce the transportation cost as well as risk of corruption. This also ensures that the fund is spent on planned activities.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "1. No poverty", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-017-9969-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%2C%20Development%20and%20Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10668-017-9969-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10668-017-9969-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10668-017-9969-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2019-09-24", "title": "Physically-Based Object-Oriented Databases for Geotechnical Engineering", "description": "The large number of published assessment procedures in geotechnical engineering, as well as the large and ever-growing number of field and experimental data sets makes it difficult to perform a full validation of a new procedure. Essentially demonstrating that the new procedure is superior to existing approaches across all existing observed evidence. To enable more effective validation, this paper presents a framework for linking experimental/field data with geotechnical assessment procedures using physically based object-orientated databases. A brief explanation of physically based object-oriented programming in engineering is presented, as well as a framework for the development of compatible databases. The database design covers several key aspects: behaviour based type checking, identification numbers for objects, object methods handle saving and loading exceptions, and the use of default attribute names. This philosophy is then applied to a specific problem of earthquake geotechnical engineering where publicly available centrifuge test results are compared with simplified methods for prediction of the build up of excess pore pressure and the triggering of seismically induced soil liquefaction.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-030-32029-4_22"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-030-47638-0_39", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2020-10-27", "title": "Adaptive Process and Measurement Noise Identification for Recursive Bayesian Estimation", "description": "Open AccessISBN:978-3-030-47638-0", "keywords": ["State estimation; Optimal filtering; Covariance estimation; Noise statistics; Adaptive Kalman filter", "0209 industrial biotechnology", "Covariance estimation", "0203 mechanical engineering", "Noise statistics", "Adaptive Kalman filter", "Optimal filtering", "02 engineering and technology", "State estimation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47638-0_39"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-030-47638-0_39", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-030-47638-0_39", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-030-47638-0_39"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-06-10", "title": "Review on the Methods for Evaluation of Root Reinforcement in Shallow Landslides", "description": "Open image in new window Recently geotechnical engineers aim to adopt more environmental-friendly solutions (not harmful to the environment), therefore the interest on the use of vegetation as a measure to improve slope stability is increasing. The mechanical reinforcement due to roots against shallow landslides occurs when the fibres intersect the shear surface, usually at depths lower than 2 m. In the literature, the presence of roots is often taken into account by modelling the soil as an equivalent composite material: \u2018the root-permeated soil\u2019, by including an additional cohesion term in the Mohr-Coulomb equation. The models used to estimate the root additional cohesion are presented in the first part of the paper. In some cases, root cohesion is calculated based on the resistant properties of the fibres and assuming an order for the progressive roots failure, either breaking, slipping out or buckling. On the other hand, some authors used structural models of the roots investigating not only the stresses in the roots, but also in the surrounding soil to obtain a better estimation of the root cohesion. In the second part of the paper, the calculation of the root reinforcement is used to assess the safety factor (SF) of the slope. Both Limit Equilibrium analyses (LE) and Finite Element Methods (FEM) are discussed, stressing the limitations of both the approaches.", "keywords": ["Root mechanical reinforcement", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Root cohesion", "Slope stability", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "Shallow landslides", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/697661/1/10.1007%252F978-3-319-53498-5_74.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-06-10", "title": "Review on Types of Root Failures in Shallow Landslides", "description": "Nowadays the interest of geotechnical engineers for green solutions is being developed and the use of vegetation as a reinforcement to improve slope stability is growing. The sliding surface of shallow landslides tends to not exceed 1.5\u20132 m depth, and as a consequence it can be crossed by roots that, in this case, work as a stabilizing measure. Therefore, the study of the soil-roots interaction is necessary to quantify the contribution of vegetation to the stability of shallow landslides. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the root failure mechanisms that can occur along the sliding surface and of the forces applied by roots, in order to evaluate the safety factor of a reinforced slope. Several prevailing stress states occur along a shallow landslide failure surface: tension stress at the slide crest, shear stresses along the base of the unstable soil layer and passive earth pressures at the slope toe. Some considerations are also made regarding acceptable simplifications, in terms of root geometry and soil-root friction strength, that are currently assumed in the literature.", "keywords": ["[SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/G\u00e9otechnique", "Root failure mechanisms", "Root reinforcement", "Shallow landslides", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Root reinforcement", " Root-soil interaction", "Root failure mechanisms ", "Shallow landslides", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Root-soil interaction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/697495/1/10.1007%252F978-3-319-53498-5_73.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:24Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-10-12", "title": "Operational Damage Localization of Wind Turbine Blades", "description": "Open AccessISBN:978-3-319-67443-8", "keywords": ["Damage localization", "Wind turbines; Operational conditions; Damage localization; Principal component analysis; Mode shape curvatures", "Wind turbines", "Principal component analysis", "Mode shape curvatures", "02 engineering and technology", "Operational conditions", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:25Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2019-03-01", "title": "Advances in the Use of Biological Stabilisers and Hyper-compaction for Sustainable Earthen Construction Materials", "description": "In the majority of cases, earthen construction materials for real buildings require amendment to deliver suitable material properties, which could be some additional strength or resilience to erosion. In modern earthen construction, in India, Australia and other parts of the world, cement and lime have been successfully used as stabilisers, providing both strength and durability benefits. However, the use of cement is detrimental to the green credentials of earthen construction materials, due to the large carbon footprint of that material\u2019s manufacture and, for some time, researchers have been motivated to find more appropriate stabilisers and manufacturing methods. In this paper, we present recent findings from two projects that are linked by this motivation and involve the study of bio-based stabilisers and alternative manufacturing methods for in situ and unit-based materials. Results are presented from laboratory testing of strength and durability of a range of materials, bio-stabilisers and manufacturing processes, indicating that there could be viable alternatives to cement and lime, certainly for many current uses of earthen construction materials.", "keywords": ["690", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Stabilisers; Rammed earth; Unsaturated soils; Biopolymers; Hyper-compaction", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unige.it/bitstream/11567/997779/1/Muguda%20et%20al.%20%282018%29.pdf"}, {"href": "http://dro.dur.ac.uk/28027/1/28027.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_17"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-09", "title": "Systematic identification of trimethoprim metabolites in lettuce", "description": "Abstract

Antibiotics are some of the most widely used drugs. Their release in the environment is of great concern since their consumption is a major factor for antibiotic resistance, one of the most important threats to human health. Their occurrence and fate in agricultural systems have been extensively investigated in recent years. Yet whilst their biotic and abiotic degradation pathways have been thoroughly researched, their biotransformation pathways in plants are less understood, such as in case of trimethoprim. Although trimethoprim has been reported in the environment, its fate in higher plants still remains unknown. A bench-scale experiment was performed and 30 trimethoprim metabolites were identified in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), of which 5 belong to phase I and 25 to phase II. Data mining yielded a list of 1018 ions as possible metabolite candidates, which was filtered to a final list of 87 candidates. Molecular structures were assigned for 19 compounds, including 14 TMP metabolites reported for the first time. Alongside well-known biotransformation pathways in plants, additional novel pathways were suggested, namely, conjugation with sesquiterpene lactones, and abscisic acid as a part of phase II of plant metabolism. The results obtained offer insight into the variety of phase II conjugates and may serve as a guideline for studying the metabolization of other chemicals that share a similar molecular structure or functional groups with trimethoprim. Finally, the toxicity and potential contribution of the identified metabolites to the selective pressure on antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial communities via residual antimicrobial activity were evaluated.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "High-resolution mass spectrometry", "Phytochemicals", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Trimethoprim", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "Conjugates", "Antibiotics", "Non-target screening", "Humans", "Plant metabolites", "Biotransformation", "Research Paper", "Lactuca", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tadi\u0107, \u0110or\u0111e, Gramblicka, Michal, Mistrik, Robert, Bayona, Josep Maria,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Analytical%20and%20Bioanalytical%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00216-022-03943-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=02+engineering+and+technology&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=02+engineering+and+technology&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=02+engineering+and+technology&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=02+engineering+and+technology&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 1665, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-02T08:42:46.914114Z"}