The computational demand of the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90structure interaction analysis for the design and assessment of structures, as well as for the evaluation of their life\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycle cost and risk exposure, has led the civil engineering community to the development of a variety of methods toward the model order reduction of the coupled soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90structure dynamic system in earthquake regions. Different approaches have been proposed in the past as computationally efficient alternatives to the conventional finite element model simulation of the complete soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90structure domain, such as the nonlinear lumped spring, the macroelement method, and the substructure partition method. Yet no approach was capable of capturing simultaneously the frequency\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent dynamic properties along with the nonlinear behavior of the condensed segment of the overall soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90structure system under strong earthquake ground motion, thus generating an imbalance between the modeling refinement achieved for the soil and the structure. To this end, a dual frequency\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent and intensity\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent expansion of the lumped parameter modeling method is proposed in the current paper, materialized through a multiobjective algorithm, capable of closely approximating the behavior of the nonlinear dynamic system of the condensed segment. This is essentially the extension of an established methodology, also developed by the authors, in the inelastic domain. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is validated for the case of a bridge foundation system, wherein the seismic response is comparatively assessed for both the proposed method and the detailed finite element model. The above expansion is deemed a computationally efficient and reliable method for simultaneously considering the frequency and amplitude dependence of soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90foundation systems in the framework of nonlinear seismic analysis of soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90structure interaction systems.
", "keywords": ["Lumped parameter model", "Macroelement", "Model order reduction", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Soil-structure interaction", "02 engineering and technology", "620", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/eqe.3063"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-29", "title": "Seismic damage accumulation in multiple mainshock\u2013aftershock sequences", "description": "SummaryEarthquakes are generally clustered, both in time and space. Conventionally, each cluster is made of foreshocks, the mainshock, and aftershocks. Seismic damage can possibly accumulate because of the effects of multiple earthquakes in one cluster and/or because the structure is unrepaired between different clusters. Typically, the performance\uffe2\uff80\uff90based earthquake engineering (PBEE) framework neglects seismic damage accumulation. This is because (i) probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) only refers to mainshocks and (ii) classical fragility curves represent the failure probability in one event, of given intensity, only. However, for life cycle assessment, it can be necessary to account for the build\uffe2\uff80\uff90up of seismic losses because of damage in multiple events. It has been already demonstrated that a Markovian model (i.e., a Markov chain), accounting for damage accumulation in multiple mainshocks, can be calibrated by maintaining PSHA from the classical PBEE framework and replacing structural fragility with a set of state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent fragility curves. In fact, the Markov chain also works when damage accumulates in multiple aftershocks from a single mainshock of known magnitude and location, if aftershock PSHA replaces classical PSHA. Herein, this model is extended further, developing a Markovian model that accounts, at the same time, for damage accumulation: (i) within any mainshock\uffe2\uff80\uff93aftershock seismic sequence and (ii) among multiple sequences. The model is illustrated through applications to a series of six\uffe2\uff80\uff90story reinforced concrete moment\uffe2\uff80\uff90resisting frame buildings designed for three sites with different seismic hazard levels in Italy. The time\uffe2\uff80\uff90variant reliability assessment results are compared with the classical PBEE approach and the accumulation model that only considers mainshocks, so as to address the relevance of aftershocks for life cycle assessment.
", "keywords": ["performance-based earthquake engineering", "life cycle assessment", "state-dependent fragility", "state-dependent fragility", " performance-based earthquake engineering", " back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis", " earthquake clusters", " life-cycle", "02 engineering and technology", "back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis; earthquake clusters; life cycle assessment; performance-based earthquake engineering; state-dependent fragility", "back-to-back incremental dynamic analysis", "earthquake clusters", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3275", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3275"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-22", "title": "Spatiotemporal seismic hazard and risk assessment of M9.0 megathrust earthquake sequences of wood\u2010frame houses in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada", "description": "SummaryMegathrust earthquake sequences, comprising mainshocks and triggered aftershocks along the subduction interface and in the overriding crust, can impact multiple buildings and infrastructure in a city. The time between the mainshocks and aftershocks usually is too short to retrofit the structures; therefore, moderate\uffe2\uff80\uff90size aftershocks can cause additional damage. To have a better understanding of the impact of aftershocks on city\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide seismic risk assessment, a new simulation framework of spatiotemporal seismic hazard and risk assessment of future M9.0 sequences in the Cascadia subduction zone is developed. The simulation framework consists of an epidemic\uffe2\uff80\uff90type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model, ground\uffe2\uff80\uff90motion model, and state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent seismic fragility model. The spatiotemporal ETAS model is modified to characterise aftershocks of large and anisotropic M9.0 mainshock ruptures. To account for damage accumulation of wood\uffe2\uff80\uff90frame houses due to aftershocks in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, state\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent fragility curves are implemented. The new simulation framework can be used for quasi\uffe2\uff80\uff90real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time aftershock hazard and risk assessments and city\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide post\uffe2\uff80\uff90event risk management.
", "keywords": ["Mainshock-aftershock sequences", "550", "seismic risk", "Damage accumulation", "seismic hazard", "Cascadia", "City-wide seismic risk", "02 engineering and technology", "Wood-frame houses", "01 natural sciences", "aftershocks", "0201 civil engineering", "earthquake clustering", "13. Climate action", "Cascadia subduction earthquakes", "Spatiotemporal ETAS seismicity model", "earthquakes", "State-dependent aftershock fragility curves", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3286"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3286", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3286"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/we.2178", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-31", "title": "Nonlinear soil-pile interaction for offshore wind turbines", "description": "AbstractThe current work presents a parametric study, which involves different generalized nonlinear mechanical formulations with different damping characteristics to account for the interaction between a monopile\uffe2\uff80\uff90supported offshore wind turbine and the surrounding soil. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that recently developed nonlinear mechanical models used so far for the simulation of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90damping rubber isolators are introduced to describe the nonlinear hysteretic soil behavior. More specifically, the first generalized mechanical model consists of a combination of elastoplastic and trilinear elastic elements (labeled as model 3), while the second model consists of trilinear hysteretic models connected in parallel with trilinear elastic springs and hysteretic dampers used to ensure that the unloading stiffness will be as close as possible to the initial stiffness of the system (labeled as model 4). These newly developed models are compared with well\uffe2\uff80\uff90known models within the industry, namely, a model that comprises elastoplastic elements (labeled as model 1) and a model that comprises trilinear elastic springs (labeled as model 2). All these models provide exactly the same effective stiffness, but on the other hand different levels of damping are involved in each one of them. The goal of the present work is 3\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold, introducing novel mechanical models for the simulation of soil behavior, to investigate the effect of different soil damping levels in the response of offshore wind turbines and to highlight the limitations of the commonly used models within the industry. To this end, the differences between the response due to different levels of damping characteristics and modeling approaches are shown, highlighting the importance of soil damping in the overall response of the system.
", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Amir M. Kaynia, Amir M. Kaynia, Athanasios A. Markou, Athanasios A. Markou,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Wind%20Energy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/we.2178", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/we.2178", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/we.2178"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/stc.3127", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-18", "title": "A negative stiffness dynamic base absorber for seismic retrofitting of residential buildings", "keywords": ["02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/stc.3127"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.3127"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Structural%20Control%20and%20Health%20Monitoring", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/stc.3127", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/stc.3127", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/stc.3127"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:12Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-10-12", "title": "Operational Damage Localization of Wind Turbine Blades", "description": "Open AccessISBN:978-3-319-67443-8", "keywords": ["Damage localization", "Wind turbines; Operational conditions; Damage localization; Principal component analysis; Mode shape curvatures", "Wind turbines", "Principal component analysis", "Mode shape curvatures", "02 engineering and technology", "Operational conditions", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_22"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-23", "title": "Comparative analysis of liquefaction susceptibility assessment methods based on the investigation on a pilot site in the greater Lisbon area", "description": "In Portugal, particularly in the greater Lisbon area, there are widespread alluvial sandy deposits, which need to be carefully assessed in terms of liquefaction susceptibility and risk zonation. For this purpose, a pilot site has been set up, as part of the European H2020 LIQUEFACT project. An extensive database of geological and geotechnical reports was collected and a comprehensive site investigation campaign was carried out, including boreholes with standard penetration (SPT), piezocone penetrometer and seismic dilatometer tests as well as geophysical methods, complemented by undisturbed soil sampling for laboratory characterisation. The assessment of liquefaction susceptibility based on field tests was made using the simplified procedure, considering the factor of safety against liquefaction (FSliq), which relates the cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) with the cyclic stress ratio (CSR). While the computation of the CSR is relatively straightforward, the reliability of the CRR strongly depends on the adopted in situ testing technique. Alternative approaches to liquefaction assessment have been proposed, based on quantitative liquefaction damage indexes, namely the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) and Liquefaction Severity Number. In this paper, the geotechnical field data is integrated in these distinct approaches to liquefaction assessment. A comparative and in-depth analysis of the conventional approach is presented and the inclusion of specific information on soil type, as a means to overcome the observed differences, is discussed particularly for SPT and VS results. The combination of these criteria enabled to clearly identify the most critical layers, in terms of liquefaction potential and severity.", "keywords": ["Earthquake-induced liquefaction \u00b7 Liquefaction potential \u00b7 Site characterisation \u00b7In situ tests \u00b7 Lisbon earthquake", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-019-00721-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-15", "title": "Seismic fragility of buried steel natural gas pipelines due to axial compression at geotechnical discontinuities", "description": "This paper presents an extended set of numerical fragility functions for the structural assessment of buried steel natural gas (NG) pipelines subjected to axial compression caused by transient seismic ground deformations. The study focuses on NG pipelines crossing sites with a vertical geotechnical discontinuity, where high compression straining of a buried pipeline is expected to occur under seismic transient ground deformations. A de-coupled numerical framework is developed for this purpose, which includes a 3D finite element model of the pipe\u2013trench system employed to evaluate rigorously the soil\u2013pipe interaction effects on the pipeline axial response in a quasi-static manner. One-dimensional soil response analyses are used to determine critical ground deformation patterns at the vicinity of the geotechnical discontinuity, caused by the ground shaking. A comprehensive parametric analysis is performed by implementing the proposed analytical framework for an ensemble of 40 recorded earthquake ground motions. Crucial parameters that affect the seismic response and therefore the seismic vulnerability of buried steel NG pipelines namely, the diameter, wall thickness, burial depth and internal pressure of the pipeline, the backfill compaction level, the pipe\u2013soil interface friction characteristics, the soil deposits characteristics, as well as initial geometric imperfections of the walls of the pipeline, are systematically considered. The analytical fragility functions are developed in terms of peak ground velocity at the ground surface, for four performance limit states, considering all the associated uncertainties. The study contributes towards a reliable quantitative risk assessment of buried steel NG pipelines, crossing similar sites, subjected to seismically-induced transient ground deformations.", "keywords": ["Fragility curves", "seismic response", "fragility curves", "local buckling", "steel pipelines", "02 engineering and technology", "624", "620", "0201 civil engineering", "natural gas pipelines", "Soil\u2013pipe interaction", "Natural gas pipelines", "Steel pipelines", "Transient ground deformations", "transient ground deformations", "Seismic response", "Fragility curves; Local buckling; Natural gas pipelines; Seismic response; Soil\u2013pipe interaction; Steel pipelines; Transient ground deformations", "soil-pipe interaction", "Local buckling"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3058531/1/Tsinidis_etal._BEEE_2019_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-019-00736-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-30", "title": "Mechanical formulations for bilinear and trilinear hysteretic models used in base isolators", "description": "The best known model for numerically simulating the hysteretic behavior of various structural components is the bilinear hysteretic system. There are two possible mechanical formulations that correspond to the same bilinear model from a mathematical viewpoint. The first one consists of a linear elastic spring connected in series with a parallel system comprising a plastic slider and a linear elastic spring, while the second one comprises a linear elastic spring connected in parallel with an elastic-perfectly plastic system. However, the bilinear hysteretic model is unable to describe either softening or hardening effects in these components. In order to account for this, the bilinear model is extended to a trilinear one. Thus, two trilinear hysteretic models are developed and numerically tested, and the analysis shows that both exhibit three plastic phases. More specifically, the first system exhibits one elastic phase, while the second one exhibits two elastic phases according to the level of strain amplitude. Next, the change of slope between the plastic phases in unloading does not occur at the same displacement level in the two models. Furthermore, the dissipated energy per cycle in the first trilinear model, as proven mathematically and explained physically, decreases in the case of hardening and increases in the case of softening, while in the second trilinear model the dissipated energy per cycle remains unchanged, as is the case with the bilinear model. Numerical examples are presented to quantify the aforementioned observations made in reference to the mechanical behavior of the two trilinear hysteretic models. Finally, a set of cyclic shear tests over a wide range of strain amplitudes on a high damping rubber bearing is used in the parameter identification of the two different systems, namely (a) trilinear hysteretic models of the first type connected in parallel, and (b) trilinear hysteretic models of the second type also connected in parallel. The results show that the complex nonlinear shear behavior of high damping rubber bearings can be correctly simulated by a parallel system which consists of only one component, namely the trilinear hysteretic system of the first type. The second parallel system was not able to describe the enlargement of the dissipated hysteresis area for large strain amplitudes.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-016-0014-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-12-05", "title": "REASSESS V2.0: software for single- and multi-site probabilistic seismic hazard analysis", "description": "Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is generally recognized as the rational method to quantify the seismic threat. Classical formulation of PSHA goes back to the second half of the twentieth century, but its implementation can still be demanding for engineers dealing with practical applications. Moreover, in the last years, a number of developments of PSHA have been introduced; e.g., vector-valued and advanced ground motion intensity measure (IM) hazard, the inclusion of the effect of aftershocks in single-site hazard assessment, and multi-site analysis requiring the characterization of random fields of cross-correlated IMs. Although software to carry out PSHA has been available since quite some time, generally, it does not feature a user-friendly interface and does not embed most of the recent methodologies relevant from the earthquake engineering perspective. These are the main motivations behind the development of the practice-oriented software presented herein, namely REgionAl, Single-SitE and Scenario-based Seismic hazard analysis (REASSESS V2.0). In the paper, the seismic hazard assessments REASSESS enables are discussed, along with the implemented algorithms and the models/databases embedded in this version of the software. Illustrative applications exploit the potential of the tool, which is available at http://wpage.unina.it/iuniervo/doc_en/REASSESS.htm .", "keywords": ["Performance-based earthquake engineering", " Performance-based seismic design", " Sequence-based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis", " Spectral-shape-based intensity measures", "\u00b7 Infrastructure risk analysis", "\u00b7 Conditional spectra", "Performance-based earthquake engineering", "Performance-based seismic design", "Sequence-based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis", "\u00b7 Infrastructure risk analysis", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Spectral-shape-based intensity measures", "02 engineering and technology", "\u00b7 Conditional spectra", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-018-00531-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-16", "title": "Assessment of post-liquefaction consolidation settlement", "description": "This paper presents a simplified procedure for the evaluation of the free-field consolidation settlement induced by liquefaction, using the results of 1D site response analysis in effective stress and a\u00a0simplified approach based on empirical chart. The excess pore water pressures induced by the seismic action are generated by both a simple stress-based model implemented on a non-linear dynamic analysis and a simplified relationship between the safety factor against liquefaction and the excess pore pressure. The post-cyclic settlement is finally calculated on the obtained distribution of excess pore water pressure along the soil column. The proposed method has been used to estimate the consolidation settlements in a centrifuge test and in well-documented case histories of widespread liquefaction: Treasure Island and Marina District after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The results have been compared to the measured settlements and to the values obtained by previous studies. It is shown that the proposed approach leads to a much more accurate estimate of the post-liquefaction consolidation settlement, with just a little increase of the calculation effort.", "keywords": ["1D seismic soil response", "liquefaction", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Liquefaction", " Excess pore pressure", " Post-liquefaction settlement", " In situ testing", " 1D seismic soil response", "excess pore pressure", "post-liquefaction settlement", "02 engineering and technology", "in-situ testing", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-019-00695-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-09", "title": "Vertical seismic protection of structures with inerter-based negative stiffness absorbers", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10518-021-01284-w"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10518-022-01544-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-08", "title": "Seismic response of a motorway bridge founded in an active landslide: a case study", "description": "AbstractA twin girder 7-pier bridge, belonging to the 'Egnatia' highway that has been facing numerous challenging geohazards, is built within an active landslide. Its seismic performance is investigated here through a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between bridge, foundation, and the precarious slope, which might affect 4 of the piers. The numerical 3D modeling considers in a realistic way the coupled effects of topography, soil nonlinearity, slope instability, and reinforced-concrete plasticity during seismic loading (kinematic and inertial).\uffc2\uffa0Alternative foundation schemes and slope stabilizing techniques are generically compared and evaluated. The aim is to develop a multi-hazard risk assessment platform that could facilitate the long-term management of motorways while shedding some light on the multi-hazard soil-structure interaction (MH-SSI).Vibration and noise aspects play a relevant role in the lifetime and comfort of urban areas and their residents. Among the different sources, the one coming from the rail transit system will play a central concern in the following years due to its sustainability. Ground-borne vibration and noise assessment as well as techniques to mitigate them become key elements of the environmental impact and the global enlargement planned for the railway industry. This paper aims to describe and compare the different mitigation systems existing and reported in literature through a comprehensive state of the art analysis providing the performance of each measure. First, an introduction to the ground-borne vibration and noise generated from the wheel-rail contact and its propagation through the transmission path is presented. Then, the impact and the different ways of evaluating and assessing these effects are presented, and the insertion loss indicator is introduced. Next, the different mitigation measures at different levels (vehicle, track, transmission path and receiver) are discussed by describing their possible application and their efficiency in terms of insertion loss. Finally, a summary with inputs of how it is possible to address the future of mitigation systems is reported.Civil engineering research is increasingly focusing on the development of sustainable and energy-efficient building materials. Among these materials, raw (unfired) earth constitutes a promising option for reducing the environmental impact of buildings over their entire service life from construction to demolition. Raw earth has been used since old times but only recently has acquired prominence in mainstream building practice. This is mainly because of the development of novel methods to enhance the mechanical, hygroscopic and durability properties of compacted earth without increasing carbon and energy footprints. In this context, the present paper studies the dependency of the strength, stiffness, moisture capacity and water durability of compacted earth on particle grading. Results indicate that the particle size distribution is a key variable in defining the hygromechanical characteristics of compacted earth. The effect of the particle size distribution on the hygromechanical properties of compacted earth may be as important as that of dry density or stabilisation. This study suggests that a fine and well-graded earth mix exhibits higher levels of strength, stiffness, moisture capacity and water durability than a coarse and poorly-graded one.
", "keywords": ["690", "Raw earth material; Soil suitability; Hypercompaction; Durability", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Sciences de l'ing\u00e9nieur", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://dro.dur.ac.uk/29733/1/29733.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41024-019-0066-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/365470/1/doi_349114.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/365470/5/doi_349114.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s41024-019-0066-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Building%20Pathology%20and%20Rehabilitation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s41024-019-0066-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s41024-019-0066-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s41024-019-0066-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ijengsci.2020.103347", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-12", "title": "Seismic metasurfaces on porous layered media: Surface resonators and fluid-solid interaction effects on the propagation of Rayleigh waves", "description": "Abstract Seismic surface wave mitigation using metamaterials is a growing research field propelled by intrinsic theoretical value and possible application prospects. Up to date, the complexity of site conditions found in engineering practice, which can include layered stratigraphy and variable water table level, has been discarded in the development of analytical frameworks to favor the derivation of simple, yet effective, closed-form dispersion laws. This work provides a further step towards the analytical study of \u201cseismic metasurfaces\u201d in real site conditions considering the propagation of Rayleigh waves through a layered porous substrate equipped with local resonators. To this aim, we combine classical elasticity theory, Biot\u2019s poroelasticity and an effective medium approach to describe the metasurface dynamics and its coupling with the poroelastic substrate. The developed framework naturally includes simpler configurations like seismic metasurfaces atop homogeneous dry or saturated soils. Apart from known phenomena like wave-resonance hybridization and surface wave band gaps, we predict the existence of an extended frequency range where surface waves are attenuated due to energy leakage in the form of slow pressure waves, as a result of the fluid-solid interaction. Besides, we demonstrate that the surface wave band gap and the related surface-to-shear wave conversion is robust to variations in the water table level. Conversely, when the dry and saturated layers have different material parameters, for example, due to different porosity ratios, the surface-to-shear wave conversion can be accompanied by the excitation of higher-order surface modes, which remain channeled below the metasurface. These analytical findings, augmented and confirmed by numerical simulations, evidence the importance of accounting for fluid-solid interaction in the dynamics of seismic metasurfaces.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology", "MetamaterialsRayleigh wavesBiot's theoryFluid-solid interactionBand gaps", "Band gaps; Biot's theory; Fluid-solid interaction; Metamaterials; Rayleigh waves", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/785171/3/Seismic%20metasurfaces%20on%20porous%20layered%20media.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2020.103347"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Engineering%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ijengsci.2020.103347", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ijengsci.2020.103347", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2020.103347"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.078", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-04", "title": "Dynamic analysis of single-degree-of-freedom systems (DYANAS): A graphical user interface for OpenSees", "description": "Abstract Non-linear dynamic response of SDOF systems enjoys widespread application in earthquake engineering, sometimes as a testing ground for cumbersome analytical procedures, but often as a direct proxy of first-mode-dominated structures, within the family of simplified, pushover-based methods for seismic structural assessment and/or design. This article presents DYANAS, a MATHWORKS-MATLAB\u00ae-based graphical user interface that uses the OpenSees finite element platform to perform nonlinear dynamic analysis of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) oscillators. The scope of this open-source, freely distributed software is to serve as a tool for earthquake engineering research. The main advantages offered by the DYANAS interface are ease in the definition of the required analysis parameters and corresponding seismic input, efficient execution of the analyses themselves and availability of a suite of convenient, in-built post-processing tools for the management and organization of the structural responses. The types of dynamic analysis frameworks supported are incremental, multiple-stripe and cloud. Simultaneous consideration of pairs of uncoupled dynamic systems gives the possibility for intensity measures to refer to bidirectional ground motion. In the paper, an outline of the types of dynamic analysis frameworks typically used in performance-based earthquake engineering is provided, followed by a detailed description of the software and its capabilities, that include an array of post-processing tools. In order to properly place this software tool within its natural performance-based earthquake engineering habitat, some example applications are provided at the end of the paper.", "keywords": ["performance-based earthquake engineering", "pushover analysis", "multiple-stripe analysis", "performance-based earthquake engineering", " pushover analysis", " incremental dynamic analysis", " multiple-stripe analysis", " cloud method", "cloud method", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "incremental dynamic analysis", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.078"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Engineering%20Structures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.078", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.078", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.078"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116469", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-30", "title": "An analytical approach to model Structure\u2013Soil\u2013Structure Interaction (SSSI) of arbitrarily distributed buildings under SH waves", "description": "In this work, a simplified analytical framework based on the multiple scattering theory is proposed to model the structure\u2013soil\u2013structure interaction of buildings excited by antiplane shear waves. To this purpose, each building is modelled as a single degree-of-freedom oscillator, whereas the soil as a viscoelastic layer laying on an elastic half-space. By neglecting the soil-foundation kinematic interaction and considering only its inertial counterpart, the coupled response of buildings is modelled using a multiple scattering approach, where the buildings scattered wavefields are described via Green\u2019s functions. The developed analytical framework is exploited to discuss the dynamic response of a single building, evaluating the variation of its amplitude with respect to the characteristic site frequencies. The dynamics of two buildings are then studied by modelling their coupled response. In particular, the interaction between them is investigated as a function of the buildings spacing, mass, and relative stiffness. Finally, the analysis is extended to the coupled response of a cluster of five buildings. Through the discussed examples, it is demonstrated how the proposed methodology can serve as a computationally inexpensive tool for predicting the interaction among vibrating structures under shear antiplane waves propagating at different frequencies.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Structure\u2013soil\u2013structure interaction Multiple scattering Shear horizontal waves Green\u2019s function Coupled response", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/940494/3/An%20analytical%20approach%20to%20model.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116469"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Engineering%20Structures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116469", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116469", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116469"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118894", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-09-06", "title": "Experimental testing and numerical validation of the \u0395xtended KDamper: A negative stiffness-based vibration absorber", "description": "ISSN:0141-0296", "keywords": ["Seismic isolation; Negative stiffness; Damping mechanisms; Experimental validation; Vibration absorber; KDamper", "0103 physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118894"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Engineering%20Structures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118894", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118894", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118894"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.08.035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-07", "title": "Mechanical models for shear behavior in high damping rubber bearings", "description": "Abstract High damping rubber bearings have been in use for seismic isolation of buildings worldwide for almost 30 years now. In the present work, a brief introduction to the process leading to their manufacturing is first given. Next, a series of novel 1D mechanical models for high damping rubber bearings is proposed, based on the combination of simple and well-known rheological models. These models are calibrated against a set of harmonic tests at strain amplitudes up to 200%. Extension of the models to bidirectional horizontal motion and to time-varying vertical loads is the subject of ongoing work.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.08.035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.08.035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.08.035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.08.035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-23", "title": "A centrifuge-based experimental verification of Soil-Structure Interaction effects", "description": "Open AccessSoil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 103", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil structure interaction; Centrifuge modeling; Experimental verification; Impulse response; SDOF systems; Modal identification; Energy dissipation", "Soil structure interaction", "Impulse response", "Energy dissipation", "Centrifuge modeling", "SDOF systems", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Experimental verification", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Modal identification", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-08", "title": "Safety of buried steel natural gas pipelines under earthquake-induced ground shaking: A review", "description": "Abstract Evidence from past earthquakes suggests that damage inflicted to buried natural gas (NG) pipelines can cause long service disruptions, leading to unpredictably high socioeconomic losses in unprepared communities. In this review paper, we aim to critically revisit recent progress in the demanding field of seismic analysis, design and resilience assessment of buried steel NG pipelines. For this purpose, the existing literature and code provisions are surveyed and discussed while challenges and gaps are identified from a research, industrial and legislative perspective. It is underscored that, in contrast to common belief, transient ground deformations in non-uniform sites are not necessarily negligible and can induce undesirable deformations in the pipe, overlooked in the present standards of practice. It is further highlighted that the current seismic fragility framework is rich in empirical fragility relations but lacks analytical and experimental foundations that would permit the reliable assessment of the different parameters affecting the expected pipe damage rates. Pipeline network resilience is still in a developing stage, thus only few assessment methodologies are available whereas absent is a holistic approach to support informed decision-making towards the necessary mitigation measures. Nevertheless, there is ground for improvement by adapting existing knowledge from research on other types of lifeline networks, such as transportation networks. All above aspects are discussed and directions for future research are provided.", "keywords": ["Gas networks", "Structural health monitoring", "330", "Seismic fragility", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Natural gas", "Service disruption", "620", "Buried pipeline", "0201 civil engineering", "Seismic resilience", "Soil-pipe interaction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-10", "title": "A closed-form solution for column-supported embankments with geosynthetic reinforcement", "description": "Soil arching effect results from the non-uniform stiffness in a geosynthetic-reinforced and column-supported embankment system. However, most theoretical models ignore the impact of modulus difference on the calculation of load transfer. In this study, a generalized mathematical model is presented to investigate the soil arching effect, with consideration given to the modulus ratio between columns and the surrounding soil. For simplification, a cylindrical unit cell is drawn to study the deformation compatibility among embankment fills, geosynthetics, columns, and subsoils. A deformed shape function is introduced to describe the relationship between the column and the adjacent soil. The measured data gained from a full-scale test are applied to demonstrate the application of this model. In the parametric study, certain influencing factors, such as column spacing, column length, embankment height, modulus ratio, and tensile strength of geosynthetic reinforcement, are analyzed to investigate the performance of the embankment system. This demonstrates that the inclusion of a geosynthetic reinforcement or enlargement of the modulus ratio can increase the load transfer efficiency. When enhancing the embankment height or applying an additional loading, the height of the load transfer platform tends to be reduced. However, a relatively long column has little impact on the load transfer platform. ud ud", "keywords": ["TA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/112553/1/WRAP-closed-form-solution-column-embankments-geosynthetic-Geng-2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geotextiles%20and%20Geomembranes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.12.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-09", "title": "Modeling of high damping rubber bearings under bidirectional shear loading", "description": "Abstract The behavior of high damping rubber bearings is highly complex. The models that are currently available are generally limited to unidirectional motion and, in most cases, difficult to extend to general bidirectional loading. One of the major limitations is their inability to characterize the behavior of the bearings at different levels of shear deformation. In the present work, a set of bidirectional models are presented, obtained by combining relatively simple bi-dimensional formulations. The models are calibrated over a set of unidirectional test data and are shown to accurately describe the response of the bearings at low, intermediate and high strain levels using a single set of parameters. Validation is carried out using bidirectional displacement-controlled tests available in the literature and numerical simulations are performed of a base-isolated building subjected to free vibration and bidirectional earthquake excitation.", "keywords": ["ta212", "high damping rubber bearings (HDRB)", "mathematical modeling", "02 engineering and technology", "Seismic Isolation", "01 natural sciences", "0201 civil engineering", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.12.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.12.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.12.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.12.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117845", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-03", "title": "A multiple scattering formulation to design meta-trenches for mitigating low-frequency ground-borne vibrations induced by surface railways and subways", "description": "We propose a multiple scattering formulation to investigate the performance of meta-trenches. The meta-trench is a novel device, composed of an array of resonant units buried in the ground in a proper arrangement, aimed at reducing the railway and/or subway induced ground motion by exploiting its scattering and resonant properties. Compared to classical open trenches, the resonators contribute to improving the wave mitigation performance of the trench in the low-frequency regime.The proposed formulation allows to consider the wave source anywhere in the half-space and a generic distribution of resonators in terms of number and position. The incident wave field generated by the source, such as a train or subway, along with the scattered wave fields produced by the resonant units that constitute the meta-trench, are modeled via Green's functions. The multiple scattering formulation enables the solution of coupled wave problems by determining the amplitudes of scattered wave fields at various frequencies. Through comparison with finite element simulations, we demonstrate that in both buried source (i.e., subway) and surface-located source (i.e., ground railway) scenarios, our analytical formulation is able to properly model the dynamics of the coupled problems with a noticeable computational cost saving. Opening to fast and reliable parametric simulations, our formulation allows for a deeper knowledge of the wave interaction processes, resulting thus in a reliable tool for predicting the coupled wave field under both bulk and Rayleigh waves.", "keywords": ["Buried-source problem", "Elastic waves", "Meta-trench", "Elastic metamaterials; Meta-trench; Buried-source problem; Railway; subway induced vibrations; Elastic waves", "02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology", "Elastic metamaterials", "Railway/subway induced vibrations", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/941074/3/A%20multiple%20scattering%20formulation%20to%20design%20meta-trenches%20for%20mitigating%20low-frequency%20ground-borne%20vibrations%20induced%20by%20surface%20railways%20and%20subways.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117845"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Sound%20and%20Vibration", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117845", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117845", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117845"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-04", "title": "On the prediction of liquefaction resistance of unsaturated sands", "description": "Abstract The increasing interest in the undrained cyclic behaviour of unsaturated soils is justified by the evidence of the beneficial effect of desaturation on liquefaction resistance and is thus strictly connected with the need to put forth sound tools to be used in the design of Induced Partial Saturation (IPS) interventions. IPS is still far from being a routine technology because of the lack of such design tools, as well as of simple technologies to obtain and preserve it on site. This paper offers a contribution to the first issue, based on the energetic interpretation of laboratory results that highlights the role of the volumetric and deviatoric components of the specific energy spent during undrained cycling on the liquefaction mechanism. Independent experimental results taken from the literature are successfully simulated using this interpretation. Then, stemming from the theoretical and experimental considerations reported in the first part of the paper, two possible approaches to calculate the desired degree of saturation of a loose sand (design goal for IPS) are introduced and discussed.", "keywords": ["Liquefaction", "Liquefaction specific energy", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Design of induced partial saturation (IPS)", " Liquefaction", " Liquefaction specific energy", " Partial saturation", "Design of induced partial saturation (IPS)", "Partial saturation", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-08", "title": "Stochastic energy measures for hybrid base isolation systems", "description": "Abstract Two R/C residential buildings were retrofitted by using a hybrid base isolation system in Solarino, Sicily, in 2004 and subsequently five free vibration tests were carried out in one of these buildings. The hybrid base isolation system combined high damping rubber bearings with low friction teflon sliders. For numerical modeling purposes, a single-degree-of-freedom system was developed with a new trilinear hysteretic model for the simulation of the high damping rubber bearing response, coupled with a Coulomb friction model for the simulation of the low friction slider response. Five sets of data were obtained from initial-displacement, free vibration tests and were subsequently used for the calibration of this six parameter model. Following up on the numerical model development, the present study employs Monte-Carlo simulations in order to investigate the effect of variations in the values of the six-parameter model on the response of the hybrid base isolation system. The calibrated parameters' values from the experiments are used as mean values, while the standard deviation for each parameter is deduced from the identification tests employing best-fit optimization for each experiment separately. The results of the Monte-Carlo simulations show a non-stationary effect in the response, which can be traced by the time evolution of the standard deviation of various energy measures computed at different time instants. The high level of nonlinearity in the base isolation system response due to large initial displacements helps explain the previously described effects.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105873", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-30", "title": "Dynamic response of buried pipelines in randomly structured soil", "description": "Abstract Buried pipelines in soil undergoing ground vibrations respond by simple kinematic interaction and essentially follow the motion of the surrounding ground. More specifically, the strains that develop in the soil are imparted to the outer surface of the pipeline, which is the celebrated Newmark assumption dating from the 1960's that appears in design codes for pipelines. Of course, this assumption is invalid if the pipeline has bends and other geometric discontinuities. Furthermore, there remains the basic question of modeling the surrounding soil, which is a complex, two-phase medium with an inhomogeneous and anisotropic composition. In this work, we examine the dynamic response of a continuous pipeline by employing the waveguide model from classical elastodynamics. This implies that the pipeline is a continuously supported, beam-type structural element with distributed mass undergoing both axial and flexural vibrations. In here, we retain the influence of the axial vibrations on the flexural vibrations and work with a coupled system of two partial differential equations. The end boundaries of the pipeline are assumed to be fixed at a large distance from its center. We first examine the eigenvalue problem and then focus on the transient vibrations of the pipeline to support motion. In order to account for the complex composition of the ground, the soil impedance is converted into a random variable. Assuming uniform, Gaussian and log-normal distributions, we use Monte Carlo simulations to generate sample values for the soil impedance and compute the statistics (mean, variance and skewness) for the eigenvalue problem. Once the statistics of the eigenproperties of the buried pipeline example are recovered, the validity of the assumption that the soil is a deterministic medium is discussed.", "keywords": ["ta212", "Buried pipelines", "Random soil", "Dynamic loads", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Elastic waveguides", "Soil impedances", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105873"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105873", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105873", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105873"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-27", "title": "Simplified design of bridges for multiple-support earthquake excitation", "description": "Abstract This paper presents a novel, bridge-dependent approach for quantifying the increase of design quantities due to spatially variable earthquake ground motion (SVEGM). Contrary to the existing methods for multiple support bridge excitation analysis that are either too complicated to be applied by most practitioners or oversimplied (e.g. Eurocode 8, Annex D provisions), this method aims to strike a balance between simplicity, accuracy and computational efficiency. The method deliberately avoids generating support-dependent, acceleration or displacement, asynchronous inputs for the prediction of bridge response. The reasons behind this decision are twofold: (a) first, the uncertainty associated with the generation of asynchronous motion scenarios, as well as the exact soil properties, stratification and topography is high while, (b) the response of a bridge is particularly sensitive to the above due to the large number of natural modes involved. It is therefore prohibitive to address SVEGM effects deterministically in the framework of a design code. Instead, this new method is based on two important and well-documented observations: (a) that SVEGM is typically globally beneficial but locally detrimental [1], and (b) that the local seismic demand increase is very closely correlated with the excitation of higher modes, which are not normally activated in the case of uniform ground motion [2,3]. Along these lines, a set of static analyses are specified herein to complement the standard, code-based response spectrum analysis. These static analyses apply spatially distributed lateral forces, whose patterns match the shape of potentially excited anti-symmetric modes. The amplitude of those forces is derived as a function of the expected amplification of these modes according to the process initially proposed by Price et al. [4]. Two real bridges with different structural configurations are used as a test-bed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method. Comparison of the results with those obtained through rigorous response history analysis using partially correlated, spatially variable, spectrum-compatible input motions [5] shows that, the simplified method presented herein provides a reasonably accurate estimation of the SVEGM impact on the response of the bridges examined at a highly reduced computational cost. This is essentially an elastic method that is found to be simple, yet precise enough to consist an attractive alternative for the design and assessment of long and/or important bridge structures in earthquake-prone regions.", "keywords": ["Anti-symmetric modes", "Multiple-support excitation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "624", "Seismic codes", "Bridges", "Spatial variability", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-17", "title": "Optimal intensity measures for the structural assessment of buried steel natural gas pipelines due to seismically-induced axial compression at geotechnical discontinuities", "description": "Abstract This paper investigates the efficiency and sufficiency of various seismic intensity measures for the structural assessment of buried steel natural gas (NG) pipelines subjected to axial compression caused by transient seismic ground deformations. The study focuses on buried NG pipelines crossing perpendicularly a vertical geotechnical discontinuity with an abrupt change on the soil properties, where the potential of high compression strain is expected to be increased under seismic wave propagation. A detailed analytical framework is developed for this purpose, which includes a 3D finite element model of the pipe-trench system, to evaluate rigorously the pipe-soil interaction phenomena, and 1D soil response analyses that are employed to determine critical ground deformation patterns at the geotechnical discontinuity, caused by seismic wave propagation. A comprehensive numerical parametric study is conducted by employing the analytical methodology in a number of soil-pipeline configurations, considering salient parameters that control the axial response of buried steel NG pipelines, i.e. diameter, wall thickness and internal pressure of the pipeline, wall imperfections of the pipeline, soil properties and backfill compaction level and friction characteristics of the backfill-pipe interface. Using the peak compression strain of the pipeline as engineering demand parameter and a number of regression analyses relative to the examined seismic intensity measures, it is shown that the peak ground velocity PGV at ground surface constitutes the optimum intensity measure for the structural assessment of the examined infrastructure.", "keywords": ["Natural gas pipelines", "Steel pipelines", "Intensity measures", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Efficiency", "02 engineering and technology", "624", "Efficiency; Intensity measures; Local buckling; Natural gas pipelines; Steel pipelines; Sufficiency", "Sufficiency", "620", "Local buckling", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3073673/1/Tsinidis_etal._SDEE_2020_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107366", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-09", "title": "Seismic resonant metamaterials for the protection of an elastic-plastic SDOF system against vertically propagating seismic shear waves (SH) in nonlinear soil", "description": "Open AccessISSN:1879-341X", "keywords": ["Seismic risk mitigation method", "Seismic metamaterials", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Seismic risk mitigation method; Seismic metamaterials; Metabarrier; Multi-mass resonators; meta-SSI; Domain reduction method (DRM); Nonlinear soil; Nonlinear structure; Energy-based approach (APEDR); Real-ESSI Simulator", "meta-SSI", "0201 civil engineering", "Domain reduction method (DRM)", "Nonlinear soil", "Energy-based approach (APEDR)", "Metabarrier", "Multi-mass resonators", "Nonlinear structure", "Real-ESSI Simulator"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107366"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107366", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107366", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107366"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-10", "title": "Fluid\u2013structure interaction with pipe-wall viscoelasticity during water hammer", "description": "Fluid\u2013structure interaction (FSI) due to water hammer in a pipeline which has viscoelastic wall behaviour is studied. Appropriate governing equations are derived and numerically solved. In the numerical implementation of the hydraulic and structural equations, viscoelasticity is incorporated using the Kelvin\u2013Voigt mechanical model. The equations are solved by two different approaches, namely the Method of Characteristics\u2013Finite Element Method (MOC-FEM) and full MOC. In both approaches two important effects of FSI in fluid-filled pipes, namely Poisson and junction coupling, are taken into account. The study proposes a more comprehensive model for studying fluid transients in pipelines as compared to previous works, which take into account either FSI or viscoelasticity. To verify the proposed mathematical model and its numerical solutions, the following problems are investigated: axial vibration of a viscoelastic bar subjected to a step uniaxial loading, FSI in an elastic pipe, and hydraulic transients in a pressurised polyethylene pipe without FSI. The results of each case are checked with available exact and experimental results. Then, to study the simultaneous effects of FSI and viscoelasticity, which is the new element of the present research, one problem is solved by the two different numerical approaches. Both numerical methods give the same results, thus confirming the correctness of the solutions.", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Fluids%20and%20Structures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116196", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-10", "title": "Structural identification with physics-informed neural ordinary differential equations", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0022-460X", "keywords": ["Scientific machine learning", "Structural damage detection", "Neural ordinary differential equations", "Structural health monitoring", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Discrepancy modeling", "Physics-informed machine learning", "Structural identification", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116196"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Sound%20and%20Vibration", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116196", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116196", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116196"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-12", "title": "Multivariate GP-VAR models for robust structural identification under operational variability", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0266-8920", "keywords": ["Gaussian Process (GPs) Vector AutoRegressive (GP-VAR) models", "Wind energy infrastructure", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Environmental and Operational Variability (EOV)", "Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)", "02 engineering and technology", "Data-driven condition assessment", "0201 civil engineering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Avenda\u00f1o-Valencia, Luis David, Chatzi, Eleni N.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Probabilistic%20Engineering%20Mechanics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.125", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-21", "title": "Upward-and-downward spread of smoldering peat fire", "description": "Abstract Smoldering is the dominant combustion process in peat fire, releasing a large amount of carbon and smoke into the atmosphere. The spread of smoldering in peatland is a multi-dimensional process, which is slow, low-temperature, persistent, and difficult to detect. In this work, we investigate the upward spread of peat fire from the underground to the surface after forced ignition which is a relevant configuration but rarely studied. In the experiment, ignition is not possible if the igniter is deeper than 15\u202fcm below the free surface, regardless of moisture content or density. Once ignited, the 1st-stage upward fire spread is initiated towards the free surface (opposed smoldering) with a peak temperature of 300\u202f\u00b0C, leaving behind a char structure that does not collapse. Then, a 2nd-stage downward spread (forward smoldering) is activated with a peak temperature of 600\u202f\u00b0C and regression of free surface. The upward spread is faster than the downward spread. The rates of both upward and downward spread decrease as the peat density or depth is increased. These experimental observations are successfully captured by a 1D computational model of heat and mass transfer with 5-step kinetics. Modelling results further suggest that (1) the oxygen diffusion controls the entire upward-to-downward spread of peat fire, (2) the oxidation of peat sustains the 1st-stage upward spread, and (3) the oxidation of char sustains the 2nd-stage downward spread. This is the first study investigating the upward spread of peat fire, which helps understand the persistence of peat fire and guide the fire prevention and suppression strategies.", "keywords": ["570", "Technology", "Engineering", " Chemical", "Energy & Fuels", "0904 Chemical Engineering", "Density", "Chemical", "02 engineering and technology", "MOISTURE", "0902 Automotive Engineering", "530", "Modelling", "OXYGEN", "0201 civil engineering", "COMBUSTION", "Engineering", "0204 chemical engineering", "Science & Technology", "Critical depth", "ROLES", "Opposed and forward smoldering", "BURN", "Mechanical", "Engineering", " Mechanical", "SOIL", "DENSITY", "Physical Sciences", "DEPTH", "Thermodynamics", "Wildland fire", "0913 Mechanical Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.125"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20Combustion%20Institute", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.125", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.125", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.125"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.285", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-12", "title": "A substructure approach for fatigue assessment on wind turbine support structures using output-only measurements", "description": "Open AccessFatigue constitutes a major and highly-uncertain safety-related factor for wind turbines. In order to ensure a reliable fatigue assessment of such structures, it is essential that stress predictions be based on the actual structural behaviour. The response identification of operational wind turbines in a global framework constitutes a challenging problem due to the uncertainties associated with the variability of the wind loading and the dynamics of the rotor. In reducing these uncertainties, this study proposes a substructuring approach, which abolishes the need for modelling the intricate and time-varying dynamics of the rotor. Instead, response prediction is performed on a substructure model of the tower and the effect of wind loads and servo dynamics is accounted for via the estimated interface forces at the top of the support structure. The application is based on synthetic vibration data generated via the FAST software and an output-only Bayesian filter employing the structural model of the support structure. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is presented in terms of fatigue damage estimates at different locations on the tower.", "keywords": ["Wind turbine; Dynamic substructuring; Input-state estimation; Response identification; Fatigue damage", "Response identification", "Input-state estimation", "Dynamic substructuring", "Fatigue damage", "02 engineering and technology", "Wind turbine", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.285"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Procedia%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.285", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.285", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.285"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.509", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-12", "title": "Fatigue assessment of a wind turbine blade when output from multiple aero-elastic simulators are available", "description": "Open AccessAero-elasticity is a term that refers to the interaction between the aerodynamic, inertial and elastic loads when a structure is exposed to fluid flow such as turbulent wind inflow. Various commercial and research-based simulators are available to compute the wind turbine aero-elastic loads. These aero-elastic simulators are of varying complexity and might bear different underlying assumptions, pertaining to physics, mathematical and computational formulations. However, currently established practice dictates that the adopted aero-elastic simulators are verified and validated on the basis of measurements from test wind turbines. As a result, it is generally hard to establish one simulator as superior to another in terms of their predicted output. The objective in this paper is to statistically aggregate the fatigue load on a wind turbine blade when simultaneous simulations are performed using multiple simulators. The simulators of the wind turbine blade are of varying fidelity, and uncertainty in the modelling and assumptions on the model inputs are implicitly included, and taken into account in the statistical analysis. The main concept followed here is that rather than treating the output of the simulators as individual information sources, we consider them as part of an ensemble, which can be clustered and then aggregated to predict the \u201cmost likely\u201d fatigue load, hence reducing the inherent model-form uncertainty.", "keywords": ["Finite elements", "Uncertainty", "Wind turbine; Aeroelasticity; Uncertainty; Fatigue; Ensemble Aggregation; Data fusion; Finite elements; Machine learning", "02 engineering and technology", "Data fusion", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0201 civil engineering", "Ensemble Aggregation", "Machine learning", "Aeroelasticity", "0101 mathematics", "Wind turbine", "Fatigue"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.509"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Procedia%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.509", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.509", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.509"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-20", "title": "Addressing the challenges of homogeneity, quality control and waste handling in soil bio-cementation: A large-scale experiment", "description": "In an attempt to go beyond the conventional laboratory experiments widely reported in literature around the emerging technique of soil bio-cementation, this work addresses key challenges related to its large-scale application. Precisely, a state-of-the-art installation with a draining bottom boundary is introduced and a novel treatment strategy, based on ex-situ hydrolysis within a 1000 L bioreactor, is described. Hydrolyzed solutions are injected in a tank filled with 0\u20134\u00a0mm sand, via a system of eight injection tubes to treat a total surface of 40\u00a0m2 across a depth of 2\u00a0m. A multilevel, spatial and temporal quality control system is used to monitor the injection processes across several cycles via chemical and hydraulic means. In total, 20.8\u00a0m3 of reactant solutions are supplied to the targeted zone, equal to one pore volume and over 120 chemical analyses are carried-out. Reaction efficiencies overall exceeded 80%, while by increasing the number of treatment cycles, and thus calcification levels, a gradual increase in the recorded pressure at the injection inlet was captured, that reached up to 75\u00a0kPa. Zones where the injection pressure increased the most are found to yield better resistance in the vicinity of the corresponding injection tube. A dynamic penetrometer campaign reveals that increase in the tip resistance, is found to exceed 5\u00a0MPa and yields more homogenous response across the bottom 0.5\u00a0m of the tank, which is believed to reflect the effect of initial confinement on the deposition of calcite. For the zones with the highest cementation, correlated \u03c6\u2019 values yield a 5\u00b0 increase, while the oedometric modulus is found to double. The results suggest that ex-situ bio-cementation, where hydrolysis occurs in bioreactors instead of inside the soil mass, is capable of yielding similar precipitation efficiencies and mechanical improvement compared to traditional bio-cementation, where bacteria are injected directly into the soil. Finally, the monitoring of MICP at the scale of typical geotechnical works is discussed along with the problematic of residual ammonium, which in this study is found to reach absorded quantities of 4\u00a0mol/L.", "keywords": ["MICP", "Upscaling", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Quality control", "Dynamic penetrometer", "TA703-712", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "02 engineering and technology", "Field testing", "6. Clean water", "0201 civil engineering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Harran, Ray, Terzis, Dimitrios, Laloui, Lyesse,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soils%20and%20Foundations", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-24", "title": "A new empirical approach to estimate temperature effects on strut loads in braced excavation", "description": "In deep excavation designs, strut loads play a key role to ensure excavation safety. During the construction, temperature fluctuation inevitably leads to a variation in strut loads. Therefore, how to quantitatively estimate the effects of temperature on strut loads is a matter of concern. In this study, the incremental changes in wall deflection due to temperature fluctuation were assumed to be piecewise linear. Based on the beam-on-elastic-foundation (BEF) model, an empirical approach accounting for the variation in temperature-induced strut loads at all levels was established. This model was further calibrated against a reported case study for a more precise predictive performance. ud ud ud", "keywords": ["TA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/149237/7/WRAP-novel-approach-estimate-temperatures-strut-loads-excavation-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tunnelling%20and%20Underground%20Space%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-27", "title": "A critical review on the vulnerability assessment of natural gas pipelines subjected to seismic wave propagation. Part 2: Pipe analysis aspects", "description": "Abstract The socio-economic and environmental impact, in case of severe damage on Natural Gas (NG) pipeline networks, highlights the importance of a rational assessment of the structural integrity of this infrastructure against seismic hazards. Up to date, this assessment is mainly performed by employing empirical fragility relations, while a limited number of analytical fragility curves have also been proposed recently. The critical review of available fragility relations for the assessment of buried pipelines under seismically-induced transient ground deformations, presented in the first part of this paper, highlighted the need for further investigation of the seismic vulnerability of NG pipeline networks, by employing analytical methodologies, capable of simulating effectively distinct damage modes of this infrastructure. In this part of the paper, alternative methods for the analytical evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of buried steel NG pipelines are presented. The discussion focuses on methods that may appropriately simulate buckling failures of buried steel NG pipelines since these constitute critical damage modes for the structural integrity of this infrastructure, when subjected to seismically-induced transient ground deformations. Salient parameters that control the seismic response and vulnerability of buried pressurized steel pipelines and therefore should be considered by the relevant analytical methods, such as the operational pressure of the pipeline, the geometric imperfections of the pipeline walls, the trench backfill properties, the site characteristics and the spatial variability of the seismic ground motion along the pipeline axis, are thoroughly discussed. Finally, a new approach for the assessment of buried steel NG pipelines against seismically-induced buckling failures is introduced. Through the discussion, recent advancements in the field are highlighted, whilst acknowledged gaps are identified, providing recommendations for future research.", "keywords": ["Natural gas pipelines", "Buckling", "Steel pipelines", "Transient ground deformations", "Buckling; Fragility; Natural gas pipelines; Soil-pipe interaction; Steel pipelines; Transient ground deformations", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Fragility", "02 engineering and technology", "624", "Soil-pipe interaction", "620", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tunnelling%20and%20Underground%20Space%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tws.2019.106439", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-02", "title": "Analysis of support coupling GBT (Generalized Beam Theory) applied in pipeline systems", "description": "Abstract Above-ground pipeline systems are subject to a wide range of deformations, such as ovalization and warping, particularly in the neighborhood of a support. A structural analysis, which can fully evaluate these transversal and local effects, can currently be carried out only using shell or solid finite-element models. However, the complete finite-shell element model of a long-distance pipeline system requires a significant amount of time to be modeled and solved. In contrast, generalized beam theory (GBT) has attracted attention as an alternative modeling technique, and it can easily model a pipeline system using beam-finite elements, but with all transversal and local effects. In order to obtain a feasible application of GBT for above-ground pipeline systems, this study presents an extension of GBT with semi-continued arbitrary support to hollow circular cross-sections. The numerical formulation is an alternative recursive approach based on the master-slave method to create a multi-freedom constraint among the high modes of GBT and the springs, which represent the support conditions. An example of its application illustrates the proposed approach and is compared with a complete finite-shell element models.", "keywords": ["0203 mechanical engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106439"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Thin-Walled%20Structures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tws.2019.106439", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tws.2019.106439", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106439"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106905", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:17:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-30", "title": "Full-field structural monitoring using event cameras and physics-informed sparse identification", "description": "Closed AccessMechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 145", "keywords": ["Physics-informed data science", "Structural health monitoring", "Strain estimation", "Boundary condition learning", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Vision-based monitoring", "02 engineering and technology", "Event camera", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106905"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Mechanical%20Systems%20and%20Signal%20Processing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106905", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106905", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106905"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0201+civil+engineering&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0201+civil+engineering&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0201+civil+engineering&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=0201+civil+engineering&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 86, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T07:48:22.995671Z"}