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The  wide range of diameters exhibited by dust particles, spanning more than three orders of magnitude, partly determines their  effects within the Earth System. This PhD thesis focuses on dust emission, and especially on the emitted dust particle size  distribution (PSD) and its variability. It has been conducted within the context of the ERC project \u201cFRontiers in dus t  minerAloGical coMpos ition and its Effects upoN climaTe\u201d (FRAGMENT), which aims to understand global dus t compos ition  and its climate effects. Dust is generated through saltation bombardment and aggregate disintegration, and less efectively by  aerodynamic entrainment. Constraining its PSD at emission is crucial as it strongly affects the impacts, lifetime, and global  distribution of dust. However, our understanding of the emitted dust PSD, including its potential variability, its underlying  causes, and the fraction of particles with diameter &gt;10\u03bcm, remains limited.  This thesis provides new insights into the emitted dust PSD and its variability based on meteorological, saltation and size -  resolved dust concentration measurements conducted during the FRAGMENT campaign in the Moroccan Sahara in  September 2019. Saltation and dust emission occurred regularly at this location, although sandblasting efficiency was lower  compared to previous studies, probably due to the paved sediment surface. During the campaign two types of dust events  were identified: regular events associated with diurnal wind cycles caused by solar heating, and haboobs, intense dust  storms formed by convective downdrafts. The obtained dust concentration and diffusive flux PSDs show statistically  significant dependencies upon friction velocity (u*), wind direction, and type of event. Notably, diffusive flux PSDs shift towards  finer particles with increasing u*. In this thesis, this feature has been attributed to a large extent to the effect of dry d eposition,  which is modulated by the wind-direction-dependent fetch length, and u*. However, an enhanced fragmentation of aggregates  with u* may also play a smaller role.  The dry deposition flux was estimated using a resistance model constrained with field observations, which was then used to  estimate the emitted dust flux. It has been shown that the deposition flux could represent up to \u02dc 90% of the emitted dust flux  for particles &gt;10\u03bcm in diameter and up to \u02dc 65% for particles as small as \u02dc 5\u03bcm. These results imply that the emitted dust  PSD is coarser and less variable than the diffusive flux PSD. As far as I know, this is the first time that the effect of dry  deposition upon the diffusive fluxes is identified and quantified experimentally, supporting recent results based on numerica l  modelling. This finding has implications for the evaluation of dust emission schemes and their implementation in transport  models as the typical assumption that the diffusive and the emitted dust PSDs are equivalent could be invalidated.  Another remarkable feature is the difference in PSDs between haboob and regular events. Haboob PSDs show lower  proportions of sub-micrometre particles for equivalent or higher u* intervals, along with more dry deposition and variability in  dust mass fractions with diameters &gt;3\u03bcm. The mechanisms proposed to explain this variability include a smaller and  variable effective fetch during the haboob events, and/or an increased resistance of soil aggregates to fragmentation  associated with the observed increase in relative humidity along the haboob outflow.  Finally, compared to the invariant emitted dust flux PSD predicted by Brittle Fragmentation Theory, our dust flux shows a  substantially higher proportion of super-micrometre particles. Overall, these results highlight the need to adequately consider  dry deposition when estimating the emitted PSD from concentration measurements, even in studies limited to size ranges  &lt;10</p>         <p>(Catal\u00e0) La pols atmosf\u00e8rica est\u00e0 composta per part\u00edcules minerals de diversa composici\u00f3, forma i mida. L\u2019\u00e0mplia gamma de  di\u00e0metres de les part\u00edcules de pols, determina en part els seus efectes en el Sistema Terra. Aquesta tesi es centra en  l'emissi\u00f3 de pols i, m\u00e9s concretament, en la distribuci\u00f3 de tamanys de les part\u00edcules emes es (\u201cPSD\u201d) i la seva variabilitat.  S'ha realitzat dins del projecte ERC FRAGMENT, que busca comprendre millor la composici \u00f3 global de la pols i els seus  efectes en el clima. La pols es genera a trav\u00e9s del bombardeig per saltaci\u00f3, la desintegraci\u00f3 d'agregats i, en menor mesura,  mitjan\u00e7ant l'arrossegament aerodin\u00e0mic. Determinar la PSD de la pols en emissi\u00f3 \u00e9s crucial, ja que afecta els seus  impactes, temps de vida i distribuci\u00f3 global. No obstant aix\u00f2, la nostra comprensi\u00f3 de la PSD de la pols emesa, incloent-hi  la seva possible variabilitat, les causes subjacents i la fracci\u00f3 de pols amb di\u00e0metre &gt;10\u03bcm \u00e9s limitada.  Aquesta tesi ofereix noves perspectives sobre la PSD de la pols emesa i la seva variabilitat a partir de les observacions  meteorol\u00f2giques i mesures de concentraci\u00f3 de pols i de saltaci\u00f3 d'una campanya de FRAGMENT a Marroc el 2019. La  saltaci\u00f3 i l'emissi\u00f3 de pols van ser freq\u00fcents al lloc triat, tot i que l'efici\u00e8ncia de saltaci\u00f3 va ser inferior a altres estudis,  probablement a causa del sediment compactat de la superf\u00edcie. Durant la campanya es van identificar dos tipus  d'esdeveniments de pols: els regulars, associats al cicle diari del vent causat per l'escalfament solar, i els haboobs, formats  per corrents descendents d'aire en esdeveniments convectius. Les PSDs de la concentraci\u00f3 i el flux difusi\u00fa mostren  depend\u00e8ncies estad\u00edsticament significatives en funci\u00f3 de la velocitat de fricci\u00f3 (u*), la direcci\u00f3 del vent, i el tipus  d'esdeveniment. En particular, s'observa un despla\u00e7ament cap a PSDs m\u00e9s fines en el flux difusiu a mesura que augmenta  la u*, atribu\u00eft principalment a l'efecte de la deposici\u00f3 seca, modulada per l'extensi\u00f3 de la font (\u201cfetch\u201d) i la u*. No obstant aix\u00f2,  una major fragmentaci\u00f3 d'agregats a mesura que augmenta la u* podria tamb\u00e9 jugar un paper secundari.  El flux de deposici\u00f3 seca es va estimar mitjan\u00e7ant un model de res is t\u00e8ncies calibrat amb observacions i, a partir d'aquest,  s'ha estimat tamb\u00e9 el flux de pols emesa. S'ha demostrat que la deposici\u00f3 podria representar fins a un \u02dc 90% del flux em\u00e8s  per a part\u00edcules amb di\u00e0metres &gt;10\u03bcm i fins a \u02dc 65% per a part\u00edcules \u02dc 5\u03bcm. Aix\u00f2 implica que la PSD de la pols emesa \u00e9s  m\u00e9s gruixuda i menys variable que la PSD del flux difusiu. Aquesta \u00e9s la primera vegada que s'identifica i quantifica  experimentalment l'efecte de la deposici\u00f3 seca en els fluxos difusius, recolzant resultats recents obtinguts amb modelitzaci\u00f3  num\u00e8rica. Aquest descobriment t\u00e9 implicacions en l'avaluaci\u00f3 dels esquemes d'emissi\u00f3 de pols i la seva implementaci\u00f3 en  els models de transport de pols, ja que l'assumpci\u00f3 t\u00edpica que les PSD del flux difusi\u00fa i em\u00e8s s\u00f3n equivalents podria no ser  v\u00e0lida.  Una altra caracter\u00edstica destacable s\u00f3n les difer\u00e8ncies de PSD entre els esdeveniments regulars i els haboobs. Els  haboobs mostren una menor proporci\u00f3 de part\u00edcules submicr\u00f2niques per a intervals de u* iguals o majors, i una major  deposici\u00f3 seca i variabilitat en les fraccions de massa &gt;3\u03bcm. Els mecanismes proposats per explicar aquesta variabilitat  inclouen un \u201cfetch\u201d efectiu m\u00e9s petit i variable durant els haboobs, i/o una major resist\u00e8ncia dels agregats del s\u00f2l a la  fragmentaci\u00f3, associada a l'augment observat en la humitat relativa al llarg del flux de sortida del haboob.  En comparaci\u00f3 amb la PSD del flux de pols em\u00e8s que proposa la teoria de fragmentaci\u00f3 de materials fr\u00e0gils, els nostres  resultats del flux de pols mostren una proporci\u00f3 substancialment m\u00e9s gran de part\u00edcules supermicr\u00f2niques. Aquests  resultats indiquen que la depos ici\u00f3 s eca ha de s er cons iderada adequadament per a es timar la PSD emes a, fins i tot en  estudis limitats a rangs de tamany &lt;10\u03bcm.</p>         <p>(Espa\u00f1ol) El polvo atmosf\u00e9rico se compone de part\u00edculas minerales con una composici\u00f3n, forma y tama\u00f1o distintos. El amplio rango de di\u00e1metros de las part\u00edculas de polvo determina en parte sus efectos en el Sistema Tierra. Esta tesis se centra en la emisi\u00f3n de polvo, especialmente en la distribuci\u00f3n de tama\u00f1os de las part\u00edculas emitidas ('PSD') y en su variabilidad. Se ha llevado a cabo en el marco del proyecto ERC FRAGMENT, que busca comprender mejor la composici \u00f3n global del polvo y sus efectos en el clima. El polvo se genera a trav\u00e9s del bombardeo por saltaci\u00f3n, la desintegraci\u00f3n de agregados y, en menor medida, el arrastre aerodin\u00e1mico. Determinar la PSD del polvo en emisi\u00f3n es crucial, ya que afecta a sus impactos, tiempo de vida y distribuci\u00f3n global. Sin embargo, nuestra comprensi \u00f3n de la PSD del polvo emitido, incluyendo su posible variabilidad, las causas subyacentes y la fracci \u00f3n de polvo con di\u00e1metro &gt;10\u03bcm es limitada. Esta tesis ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre la PSD del polvo emitido y su variabilidad a partir de las observaciones meteorol\u00f3gicas y medidas de concentraci\u00f3n de polvo y saltaci\u00f3n de una campa\u00f1a de FRAGMENT en Marruecos en 2019. La saltaci\u00f3n y emisi\u00f3n de polvo fueron frecuentes en el sitio elegido, aunque la eficiencia de saltaci \u00f3n fue menor que en otros estudios, probablemente por el sedimento compactado que cubr\u00eda la superficie. Durante la campa\u00f1a hubo dos tipos de eventos de polvo: regulares, asociados al ciclo diario del viento causado por el calentamiento solar, y haboobs, formados por las corrientes descendentes de aire en eventos convectivos. Las PSDs de la concentraci \u00f3n y el flujo difusivo muestran dependencias estadisticamente significativas con la velocidad de fricci \u00f3n (u*), la direcci\u00f3n del viento, y el tipo de evento. En particular, se observa un desplazamiento hacia PSDs m\u00e1s finas en el flujo difusivo a medida que aumenta la u*, que se ha atribuido en gran medida al efecto de la deposici\u00f3n seca, modulada por la extensi\u00f3n de la fuente de polvo ('fetch'), y la u*. No obstante, una mayor fragmentaci\u00f3n de agregados a medida que aumenta la u* podr\u00eda desempe\u00f1ar tambi\u00e9n un papel secundario. El flujo de deposici\u00f3n seca se estim\u00f3 mediante un modelo calibrado con observaciones, a partir del cual se estim\u00f3 tambi\u00e9n el flujo de polvo emitido. Se ha visto que la deposici \u00f3n podr\u00eda representar hasta un \u02dc 90% del flujo emitido para part\u00edculas con di\u00e1metros &gt;10\u03bcm y hasta \u02dc 65% para part\u00edculas \u02dc 5\u03bcm. Esto implica que la PSD del polvo emitido es m\u00e1s gruesa y menos variable que la PSD del flujo difusivo. \u00c9sta es la primera vez que se identifica y cuantifica experimentalmente el efecto de la deposici\u00f3n seca en los flujos difusivos, respaldando resultados recientes obtenidos con modelizaci \u00f3n num\u00e9rica. Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones en la evaluaci \u00f3n de los esquemas de emisi\u00f3n de polvo y su implementaci\u00f3n en los modelos de transporte ya que la t\u00edpica suposici\u00f3n de que las PSDs del flujo difusivo y emitido son equivalentes podr\u00eda no ser v\u00e1lida. Otro hallazgo destacado son las diferencias entre las PSDs de los eventos regulares y los haboobs. Los haboobs muestran una menor proporci\u00f3n de part\u00edculas submicr\u00f3nicas para intervalos de u* iguales o mayores, y una mayor deposici \u00f3n y variabilidad en la fracci\u00f3n de masa &gt;3\u03bcm. Los mecanismos propues tos para explicar es ta variabilidad incluyen un \u201cfetch\u201d efectivo m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o y variable durante los eventos de haboob, y/o una mayor resistencia de los agregados del suelo a la fragmentaci\u00f3n, asociada a una mayor humedad relativa a lo largo del flujo de salida del haboob. En comparaci\u00f3n con la PSD del flujo de polvo propuesta por la teor\u00eda de fragmentaci\u00f3n de materiales fr\u00e1giles, nuestros resultados del flujo de polvo muestran una proporci \u00f3n sustancialmente mayor de part\u00edculas supermicr\u00f3nicas. Estos hallazgos indican que la deposici\u00f3n seca debe ser considerada adecuadamente al estimar la PSD emitida, incluso en estudios limitados a rangos de tama\u00f1o &lt;10\u03bcm.</p></article>", "keywords": ["\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible", "550", "13. Climate action", "502", "55", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gonz\u00e1lez Fl\u00f3rez, Cristina", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-404062"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5821/dissertation-2117-404062", "name": "item", "description": "10.5821/dissertation-2117-404062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5821/dissertation-2117-404062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/khb9k-9s285", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-27", "title": "Evapotranspiration partition using the multiple energy balance version of the ISBA-A-g                     s                     land surface model over two irrigated crops in a semi-arid Mediterranean region (Marrakech, Morocco)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. The main objective of this work is to question the representation of the energy budget in soil\u2013vegetation\u2013atmosphere transfer\u00a0(SVAT) models for the prediction of the turbulent fluxes in the case of irrigated crops with a complex structure (row) and under strong transient hydric regimes due to irrigation. To this end, the Interaction between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere\u00a0(ISBA-A-gs) is evaluated at a complex open olive orchard and, for the purposes of comparison, on a winter wheat field taken as an example of a homogeneous canopy. The initial version of ISBA-A-gs, based on a composite energy budget (hereafter ISBA-1P for one\u00a0patch), is compared to the new multiple energy balance\u00a0(MEB) version of ISBA that represents a double source arising from the vegetation located above the soil layer. In addition, a patch representation corresponding to two adjacent, uncoupled source schemes (hereafter ISBA-2P for two\u00a0patches) is also considered for the olive orchard. Continuous observations of evapotranspiration\u00a0(ET), with an eddy covariance system and plant transpiration\u00a0(Tr) with sap flow and isotopic methods were used to evaluate the three representations. A preliminary sensitivity analyses showed a strong sensitivity to the parameters related to turbulence in the canopy introduced in the new ISBA\u2013MEB version. For wheat, the ability of the single- and dual-source configuration to reproduce the composite soil\u2013vegetation heat fluxes was very similar; the root mean square error (RMSE) differences between ISBA-1P, ISBA-2P and ISBA\u2013MEB did not exceed 10\u2009W\u2009m\u22122 for the latent heat flux. These results showed that a composite energy balance in homogeneous covers is sufficient to reproduce the total convective fluxes. The two configurations are also fairly close to the isotopic observations of transpiration in spite of a light underestimation (overestimation) of ISBA-1P\u00a0(ISBA\u2013MEB). At the olive orchard, contrasting results are obtained. The dual-source configurations, including both the uncoupled\u00a0(ISBA-2P) and the coupled\u00a0(ISBA\u2013MEB) representations, outperformed the single-source version\u00a0(ISBA-1P), with slightly better results for ISBA\u2013MEB in predicting both total heat fluxes and evapotranspiration partition. Concerning plant transpiration in particular, the coupled approach ISBA\u2013MEB provides better results than ISBA-1P and, to a lesser extent, ISBA-2P with RMSEs of\u00a01.60, 0.90, and 0.70\u2009mm\u2009d\u22121 and R2\u00a0of\u00a00.43, 0.69, and\u00a00.70\u00a0for ISBA-1P, ISBA-2P and ISBA\u2013MEB, respectively. In addition, it is shown that the acceptable predictions of composite convective fluxes by ISBA-2P for the olive orchard are obtained for the wrong reasons as neither of the two patches is in agreement with the observations because of a bad spatial distribution of the roots and a lack of incoming radiation screening for the bare soil patch. This work shows that composite convection fluxes predicted by the SURFace EXternalis\u00e9e (SURFEX) platform and the partition of evapotranspiration in a highly transient regime due to irrigation is improved for moderately open tree canopies by the new coupled dual-source ISBA\u2013MEB model. It also points out the need for further local-scale evaluations on different crops of various geometry (more open rainfed agriculture or a denser, intensive olive orchard) to provide adequate parameterisation to global database, such as ECOCLIMAP-II, in the view of a global application of the ISBA\u2013MEB model.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "Atmospheric Science", "Atmospheric sciences", "550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Energy balance", "Eddy covariance", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "G", "Meteorology", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "Biology", "TD1-1066", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Evapotranspiration", "Ecology", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "T", "Causes and Impacts of Climate Change Over Millennia", "Physics", "Hydrology (agriculture)", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Environmental sciences", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Geotechnical engineering", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Global Drought Monitoring and Assessment", "Leaf area index", "Thermodynamics", "Global Vegetation Models"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/khb9k-9s285"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/khb9k-9s285", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/khb9k-9s285", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/khb9k-9s285"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11586/391728", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-22", "title": "Opportunities for expanding the use of wastewaters for irrigation of olives", "description": "Abstract   Olive trees are iconic to the Mediterranean landscape and in recent times, have expanded to other regions across the globe that share similar climatic conditions. Olive oil production benefits from irrigation, but with a changing climate and uncertainty in precipitation patterns, wastewaters will likely play a larger role supplementing irrigation water requirements. However, due to their relatively poor quality, wastewaters present challenges for sustained long-term use in olive production. Wastewaters include all effluents from municipalities, agricultural drainage, animal production facilities, agricultural processing and industrial processes. This review focuses on potential opportunities and limitations of sustaining olive oil production in the Mediterranean region using wastewater of various sources. The primary challenges for using such wastewaters include concerns related to salinity, sodicity, metals and trace elements, nutrients, organics, and pathogens. Organics and plant nutrients in the effluents are typically beneficial but depend on dosages.  Many studies have shown that saline wastewaters have been successfully used to irrigate olives in Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan and Tunisia. Still, olive varieties and rootstocks have different tolerances to salinity and could respond differently and oil quality may improve or be compromised. Salts and trace elements need to be monitored in plants and soil to make sure accumulation does not continue from year to year and that soil physical conditions are not affected. Some food industries generate effluents with suitable characteristics for irrigation but one must balance the benefits (e.g. addition of nutrients), detriments (e.g. addition of salts or other limiting chemicals) and costs when determining the feasibility and practicality of reuse. Long-term accumulation of trace elements and metals will likely limit the feasibility of using industrial-originating effluents without treatment processes that would remove the toxic constituents prior to reuse. Therefore, untreated wastewaters from the many industries have limited long-term potential for reuse at this time. Application of olive mill wastewater may be agronomically and economically beneficial, particularly as a local disposal solution, but there are concerns associated with high-concentrations of polyphenols that may be phytotoxic and toxic to soil microbial populations.  With regards to human safety, risk of contamination of table olives and olive oil is very low because irrigation methods deliver water below the canopy, fruits are not picked from the ground, processing itself eliminates pathogens and the irrigation season typically ends days or weeks before the harvest (depending on the climate condition). Finally, considering physiological, nutritional and intrinsic characteristics of this species, it is clear that olive trees are appropriate candidates for the reuse of recycled water as an irrigation source.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "Production", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Fruit Quality", "630", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Treated wastewater", "13. Climate action", "Health risk", "Olive tree"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11586/391728"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11586/391728", "name": "item", "description": "11586/391728", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11586/391728"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201607281546", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-11", "description": "\u4ee5\u534e\u5317\u519c\u7530\u51ac\u5c0f\u9ea6-\u590f\u7389\u7c73\u8f6e\u4f5c\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fde\u7eed6a\u65bd\u7528\u751f\u7269\u70ad\u548c\u79f8\u79c6\u8fd8\u7530\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e8e2013\u5e7410\u6708-2014\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u9759\u6001\u6697\u7bb1-\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9CO2\u3001N2O\u901a\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u8f6e\u4f5c\u5468\u671f\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u65bd\u7528\u751f\u7269\u70ad\u4e0e\u79f8\u79c6\u8fd8\u7530\u5bf9\u5176\u6392\u653e\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5171\u8bbe4\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\uff1aCK\uff08\u5bf9\u7167\uff09\u3001C1\uff08\u4f4e\u91cf\u751f\u7269\u70ad4.5 t hm-2a -1\uff09\u3001C2\uff08\u9ad8\u91cf\u751f\u7269\u70ad9.0 t hm-2 a-1\uff09\u548cSR\uff08\u79f8\u79c6\u8fd8\u7530straw return\uff09\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8f6e\u4f5c\u5468\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u5404\u5904\u7406CO2\u3001N2O\u901a\u91cf\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u968f\u7740\u751f\u7269\u70ad\u65bd\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0cCO2\u6392\u653e\u901a\u91cf\u5206\u522b\u589e\u52a0\u4e860.3%-90.3%\uff08C1\uff09\u30011.0%-334.2%\uff08C2\uff09\u548c0.4%-156.3%\uff08SR\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cC2\u5904\u7406\u5bf9CO2\u7d2f\u79ef\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u589e\u5e45\u4e3a42.9%\u3002\u5bf9N2O\u800c\u8a00\uff0cC2\u5904\u7406\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86N2O\u7d2f\u79ef\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u589e\u52a0\u4e86CO2\u548cN2O\u6392\u653e\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u589e\u6e29\u6f5c\u52bf\uff0cC1\u548cSR\u5904\u7406\u5bf9N2O\u7d2f\u79ef\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u53ca\u7efc\u5408\u589e\u6e29\u6f5c\u52bf\u5747\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u571f\u58e4\u542b\u6c34\u91cf\u662f\u5f71\u54cdCO2\u901a\u91cf\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5448\u6781\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\uff1bN2O\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u571f\u58e4\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u542b\u6c34\u91cf\u3001NO3--N\u548cNH+ 4-N\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u571f\u58e4pH\u503c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u663e\u8457\u7684\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u751f\u7269\u70ad\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u6c2e\u7d20\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u635f\u5931\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002", "keywords": ["0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhang Qingzhong, Zhang Qingwen, LI Guichun, Liu Xing-ren, Zhang Xing,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201607281546"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201607281546", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201607281546", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201607281546"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/t1jsz-vm842", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-29", "title": "EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND EVAPORATION/TRANSPIRATION RETRIEVAL USING DUAL-SOURCE SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE MODELS INTEGRATING VIS/NIR/TIR DATA WITH SATELLITE SURFACE SOIL MOISTURE INFORMATION", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Evapotranspiration is an important component of the water cycle. For the agronomic management and ecosystem health monitoring, it is also important to provide an estimate of evapotranspiration components, i.e. transpiration and soil evaporation. To do so, Thermal InfraRed data can be used with dual-source surface energy balance models, because they solve separate energy budgets for the soil and the vegetation. But those models rely on specific assumptions on raw levels of plant water stress to get both components (evaporation and transpiration) out of a single source of information, namely the surface temperature. Additional information from remote sensing data are thus required. This works evaluates the ability of the SPARSE dual-source energy balance model to compute not only total evapotranspiration, but also water stress and transpiration/evaporation components, using either the sole surface temperature as a remote sensing driver, or a combination of surface temperature and soil moisture level derived from microwave data. Flux data at an experimental plot in semi-arid Morocco is used to assess this potentiality and shows the increased robustness of both the total evapotranspiration and partitioning retrieval performances. This work is realized within the frame of the Phase A activities for the TRISHNA CNES/ISRO Thermal Infra-Red satellite mission.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "Environmental Engineering", "550", "Ecosystem Resilience", "Soil Moisture", "Evaporation", "Energy balance", "Biochemistry", "Environmental science", "Transpiration", "Meteorology", "Artificial Intelligence", "Soil water", "Thermal Infrared", "Applied optics. Photonics", "Machine Learning Methods for Solar Radiation Forecasting", "Photosynthesis", "TRISHNA", "Water balance", "Biology", "Soil science", "Global and Planetary Change", "Water content", "Evapotranspiration", "Geography", "Ecology", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "T", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Remote sensing", "15. Life on land", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "6. Clean water", "TA1501-1820", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Chemistry", "Geotechnical engineering", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Computer Science", "TA1-2040", "Water cycle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/t1jsz-vm842"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Archives%20of%20the%20Photogrammetry%2C%20Remote%20Sensing%20and%20Spatial%20Information%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/t1jsz-vm842", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/t1jsz-vm842", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/t1jsz-vm842"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5937/zembilj2401049s", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-31", "title": "Using a manual multispectral sensor and UAV in monitoring soybean development and productivity under rainfed conditions", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the leading cultivated crops globally. Although the region of Vojvodina is favorable for soybean production, the climate, especially high temperatures and uneven distribution of precipitation, represents a major limiting factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between soybean yield, water stress levels, and vegetation indices obtained using a handheld multispectral sensor and a drone under natural moisture conditions on a test plot in \u010cenej, Vojvodina. The results showed a significant correlation between vegetation indices with evapotranspiration, soil moisture changes, and soybean yield. During the intensive growth phase (V4), NDVI-UAV, EVI-UAV, and GNDVI-UAV showed highly significant positive correlations with yield (r=0.96**, r=0.94**, r=0.86*). During the flowering phase (R1), GNDVI-POM had significant positive correlations with all analyzed parameters, while GNDVI-UAV had significant correlations with evapotranspiration and soil moisture. During the pod formation phase (R3), GNDVI-UAV again showed a significant correlation with yield (r=0.86*), while NDVI-POM had significant correlations with evapotranspiration and soil moisture. During the pod filling phase (R4), EVI-UAV showed highly significant positive correlations with evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and yield (r=0.94**, r=0.96**, r=0.89**). These results are useful for the application of multispectral sensors in detecting soybean water availability and improving production under natural moisture conditions</p></article>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "multispectral sensor", "uav", "Botany", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "01 natural sciences", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "vegetation indices", "QK1-989", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soybean", "soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2401049s"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Zemljiste%20i%20biljka", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5937/zembilj2401049s", "name": "item", "description": "10.5937/zembilj2401049s", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5937/zembilj2401049s"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-21", "title": "Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa", "description": "The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, \u2018to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation\u2019, or \u2018are there too many genera in the Boletales?\u2019 and even more importantly, \u2018what should be done with the tremendously diverse \u2018dark fungal taxa?\u2019 There are undeniable differences in mycologists\u2019 perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others\u2019 work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "570", "Biologisk systematik", "scientific criticism", "Evolution", "[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics]", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Plant Science", "Biological Systematics", "[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]", "taxonomy", "Behavior and Systematics", "taksonomia", "580", "Ecology", "klasyfikacja", "classification", " nomenclature", " scientific criticism", " taxonomy", "Botany", "Botanik", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "15. Life on land", "classification; nomenclature; scientific criticism; taxonomy", "naukowy krytycyzm", "nomenklatura", "[STAT] Statistics [stat]", "[STAT]Statistics [stat]", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "classification", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "nomenclature", "QK01 Systematic botany / n\u00f6v\u00e9nyrendszertan"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3509765/2/5.%20Hyde%20et%20al%202023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Mycosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23", "name": "item", "description": "10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/xntey-14051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-26", "title": "Hierarquiza\u00e7\u00e3o de melhores ligantes a serem aplicados na imprima\u00e7\u00e3o betuminosa de rodovias em fun\u00e7\u00e3o de caracter\u00edsticas tecnol\u00f3gicas e ambientais", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>A busca pela compreens\u00e3o do comportamento dos ligantes menos poluentes quando comparado ao asfalto dilu\u00eddo de petr\u00f3leo (CM-30) para servi\u00e7o de imprima\u00e7\u00e3o motivou esta pesquisa. Assim, hierarquizou-se ligantes comerciais e alternativos aplic\u00e1veis em servi\u00e7os de imprima\u00e7\u00e3o pelos crit\u00e9rios tecnol\u00f3gicos e ambientais. Para tanto, verificou-se os par\u00e2metros: penetra\u00e7\u00e3o, coes\u00e3o, ader\u00eancia, desgaste superficial e ambiental de bases imprimadas com solos diferentes, usando-se o CM-30 como refer\u00eancia e seis ligantes alternativos: G8, G14, G15, G17, G18 e uma emuls\u00e3o especial para imprima\u00e7\u00e3o - E1. Na base arenosa, o tipo de fluido preponderou sobre os par\u00e2metros avaliados. J\u00e1 na base argilosa, varia\u00e7\u00f5es de umidade alteraram esses par\u00e2metros. Assim, G14 apresentou-se promissor frente ao CM-30 seguido dos ligantes G8 e G18. Entretanto, o ligante G18 se mostrou invi\u00e1vel pelo gasto de energia para sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, cerca de 120\u00b0. Na an\u00e1lise ambiental, o G8 emitiu menos vol\u00e1t\u00e9is que o CM-30, sendo t\u00e9cnica e ambientalmente mais autossustent\u00e1vel.</p></article>", "keywords": ["TA1001-1280", "Automated Pavement Inspection and Maintenance", "Physics", "05 social sciences", "Seismic Design and Analysis of Underground Structures", "FOS: Humanities", "01 natural sciences", "Transportation engineering", "Humanities", "Engineering", "Imprima\u00e7\u00e3o", "CM-30", "Physical Sciences", "0502 economics and business", "Sustentabilidade", "Pavimenta\u00e7\u00e3o", "Bitumen Modification", "Asphalt Materials and Technology", "Art", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/xntey-14051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Transportes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/xntey-14051", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/xntey-14051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/xntey-14051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/5feqz-9r143", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-26", "title": "How much carbon can be added to soil by sorption?", "description": "Abstract<p>Quantifying the upper limit of stable soil carbon storage is essential for guiding policies to increase soil carbon storage. One pool of carbon considered particularly stable across climate zones and soil types is formed when dissolved organic carbon sorbs to minerals. We quantified, for the first time, the potential of mineral soils to sorb additional dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for six soil orders. We compiled 402 laboratory sorption experiments to estimate the additional DOC sorption potential, that is the potential of excess DOC sorption in addition to the existing background level already sorbed in each soil sample. We estimated this potential using gridded climate and soil geochemical variables within a machine learning model. We find that mid- and low-latitude soils and subsoils have a greater capacity to store DOC by sorption compared to high-latitude soils and topsoils. The global additional DOC sorption potential for six soil orders is estimated to be 107 $$ pm$$                   \uffc2\uffb1                  13 Pg C to 1\uffc2\uffa0m depth. If this potential was realized, it would represent a 7% increase in the existing total carbon stock.</p", "keywords": ["550", "Mineral association", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "Markvetenskap", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil water", "11. Sustainability", "Carbon fibers", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "Latitude", "Ecology", "Total organic carbon", "Life Sciences", "Composite number", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Saturation", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Soil carbon", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Algorithm", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Sorption", "Additional sorption potential", "environment", "Geodesy", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "FOS: Mathematics", "Environmental Chemistry", "14. Life underwater", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Earth-Surface Processes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Atmosphere", "Soil organic carbon", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Adsorption", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Dissolved organic carbon", "Environmental Sciences", "Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/5feqz-9r143"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/5feqz-9r143", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/5feqz-9r143", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/5feqz-9r143"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/g4rcv-eqz54", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-23", "title": "An evapotranspiration model self-calibrated from remotely sensed surface soil moisture, land surface temperature and vegetation cover fraction: application to disaggregated SMOS and MODIS data", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Thermal-based two-source energy balance modeling is very useful for estimating the land evapotranspiration (ET) at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. However, the land surface temperature (LST) is not sufficient for constraining simultaneously both soil and vegetation flux components in such a way that assumptions (on either the soil or the vegetation fluxes) are commonly required. To avoid such assumptions, a new energy balance model (TSEB-SM) was recently developed in Ait Hssaine et al. (2018a) to integrate the microwave-derived near-surface soil moisture (SM), in addition to the thermal-derived LST and vegetation cover fraction (fc). Whereas, TSEB-SM has been recently tested using in-situ measurements, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of TSEB-SM in real-life using 1\u2009km resolution MODIS (Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) LST and fc data and the 1\u2009km resolution SM data disaggregated from SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) observations by using DisPATCh. The approach is applied during a four-year period (2014\u20132018) over a rainfed wheat field in the Tensift basin, central Morocco, during a four-year period (2014\u20132018). The field was seeded for the 2014\u20132015 (S1), 2016\u20132017 (S2) and 2017\u20132018 (S3) agricultural season, while it was not ploughed (remained as bare soil) during the 2015\u20132016 (B1) agricultural season. The mean retrieved values of (arss, brss) calculated for the entire study period using satellite data are (7.32, 4.58). The daily calibrated \u03b1PT ranges between 0 and 1.38 for both S1 and S2. Its temporal variability is mainly attributed to the rainfall distribution along the agricultural season. For S3, the daily retrieved \u03b1PT remains at a mostly constant value (\u223c\u20090.7) throughout the study period, because of the lack of clear sky disaggregated SM and LST observations during this season. Compared to eddy covariance measurements, TSEB driven only by LST and fc data significantly overestimates latent heat fluxes for the four seasons. The overall mean bias values are 119, 94, 128 and 181\u2009W/m2 for S1, S2, S3 and B1 respectively. In contrast, these errors are much reduced when using TSEB-SM (SM and LST combined data) with the mean bias values estimated as 39, 4, 7 and 62\u2009W/m2 for S1, S2, S3 and B1 respectively.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "Atmospheric sciences", "550", "Soil Moisture", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "02 engineering and technology", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Engineering", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "Pathology", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Water content", "Evapotranspiration", "Geography", "Ecology", "T", "Soil Water Retention", "Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer", "Hydrology (agriculture)", "Geology", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "Aerospace engineering", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "environment", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Latent heat", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Land cover", "Environmental Engineering", "0207 environmental engineering", "Energy balance", "Thermal Effects on Soil", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "G", "Meteorology", "Civil engineering", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Biology", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Environmental sciences", "Geotechnical engineering", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "FOS: Civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/24/1781/2020/hess-24-1781-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/g4rcv-eqz54"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/g4rcv-eqz54", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/g4rcv-eqz54", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/g4rcv-eqz54"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7201/earn.2011.02.02", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-29", "title": "An\u00e1lisis de alternativas para la eliminaci\u00f3n de la sobreexplotaci\u00f3n de acu\u00edferos en el Valle de Guadalent\u00edn", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>In this paper we analyse the economic impact of alternative water management instruments that allow addressing the problem of non-renewable groundwater pumping in the aquifers of the Guadalent\u00edn Valley (southeast Spain). Their impact is assessed using a partial equilibrium mathematical programming model that maximises the farm net margin resulting from the use of the available water resources for irrigation in the area. Our results show that the buyback of groundwater pumping rights is the option with the greatest public budgetary cost and economic impact. On the contrary, the combination of an environmental tax on groundwater pumping and the substitution of groundwater by subsidised desalinised water allow eliminating aquifer overdraft in the area while minimising the public budgetary cost and the economic impact on the agricultural sector.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "HD101-1395.5", "05 social sciences", "0207 environmental engineering", "Economic growth", " development", " planning", "02 engineering and technology", "econom\u00eda del agua", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "0502 economics and business", "8. Economic growth", "HD72-88", "Groundwater", " water economics", " water demand", " mathematical programming", " irrigation", " Agricultural and Food Policy", " Environmental Economics and Policy", " Land Economics/Use", " Resource /Energy Economics and Policy", " Q25", " C61", "", "aguas subterr\u00e1neas", "regad\u00edo", "demanda de agua", "programaci\u00f3n matem\u00e1tica"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Calatrava-Leyva, Javier, Guillem, Amanda, Martinez-Granados, David,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2011.02.02"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Econom%C3%ADa%20Agraria%20y%20Recursos%20Naturales", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7201/earn.2011.02.02", "name": "item", "description": "10.7201/earn.2011.02.02", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7201/earn.2011.02.02"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21401999", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-26", "title": "Exploring structural sediment connectivity via surface runoff in agricultural lands of Finland", "description": "Spatial information on the distribution of erosion areas and sediment transport pathways within agricultural landscapes is limited. Thus, we assess structural sediment connectivity via surface runoff by using a digital elevation model (2 \u00d7 2 m<sup>2</sup>) and RUSLE-based erosion estimates to compute index of connectivity (IC) and sediment delivery estimates. The variables were analyzed within and between two topographically contrasting subcatchments. We found greater spatial variability of IC within a subcatchment than between the subcatchments. The majority of field parcel areas (65%\u201397%) were structurally connected to adjacent open ditches and streams. Areas with high erosion estimates also tended to be structurally well-connected, both at the pixel (Pearson <i>r</i> = 0.58\u20130.63) and parcel scale (<i>r</i> = 0.49\u20130.67). The IC model was not highly sensitive to parameter variations. In contrast, the magnitude of sediment delivery estimates was highly sensitive to parameter variations. However, based on the high rank correlation (Spearman <i>r</i><sub><i>s</i></sub> &gt; 0.95) between computed sediment delivery estimates, the tool provided consistent information on potentially high sediment delivery areas. More empirical data and dynamic model applications could be applied to improve the accuracy of the estimates. The method provides a feasible tool to generate open data on connectivity.", "keywords": ["550", "ta1172", "rusle", "SB1-1110", "Inorganic Chemistry", "Sociology", "FOS: Chemical sciences", "FOS: Mathematics", "RUSLE", "ta218", "Connectivity", "Ecology", "connectivity index", "Plant culture", "lowlands", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ta4111", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified", "FOS: Sociology", "FOS: Biological sciences", "connectivity", "Medicine", "19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09064710.2022.2136583"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21401999"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Agriculturae%20Scandinavica%2C%20Section%20B%20%E2%80%94%20Soil%20%26amp%3B%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21401999", "name": "item", "description": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21401999", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6084/m9.figshare.21401999"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21276675.v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-07", "title": "OTU tables, Metadata, Taxonomy files", "description": "OTU tables, Taxonomy and Metadata files for <i>nifH</i> gene and 16S rRNA gene that were used in the analysis are uploaded.", "keywords": ["60504 Microbial Ecology", "FOS: Biological sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dietrich, Marlies", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21276675.v1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21276675.v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.6084/m9.figshare.21276675.v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6084/m9.figshare.21276675.v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10459.1/60556", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-10", "title": "Disaggregation of SMOS Soil Moisture to 100 m Resolution Using MODIS Optical/Thermal and Sentinel-1 Radar Data: Evaluation over a Bare Soil Site in Morocco", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The 40 km resolution SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture, previously disaggregated at a 1 km resolution using the DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) method based on MODIS optical/thermal data, is further disaggregated to 100 m resolution using Sentinel-1 backscattering coefficient (\u03c3\u00b0). For this purpose, three distinct radar-based disaggregation methods are tested by linking the spatio-temporal variability of \u03c3\u00b0 and soil moisture data at the 1 km and 100 m resolution. The three methods are: (1) the weight method, which estimates soil moisture at 100 m resolution at a certain time as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 ratio (100 m to 1 km resolution) and the 1 km DISPATCH products of the same time; (2) the regression method which estimates soil moisture as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 where the regression parameters (e.g., intercept and slope) vary in space and time; and (3) the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) method, which estimates 100 m resolution soil moisture from the cumulative probability of 100 m resolution backscatter and the maximum to minimum 1 km resolution (DISPATCH) soil moisture difference. In each case, disaggregation results are evaluated against in situ measurements collected between 1 January 2016 and 11 October 2016 over a bare soil site in central Morocco. The determination coefficient (R2) between 1 km resolution DISPATCH and localized in situ soil moisture is 0.31. The regression and CDF methods have marginal effect on improving the DISPATCH accuracy at the station scale with a R2 between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture of 0.29 and 0.34, respectively. By contrast, the weight method significantly improves the correlation between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture with a R2 of 0.52. Likewise, the soil moisture estimates show low root mean square difference with in situ measurements (RMSD= 0.032 m3 m\u22123).</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Atmospheric Science", "Artificial intelligence", "Environmental Engineering", "550", "Science", "Soil Moisture", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Aerospace Engineering", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Engineering", "Meteorology", "DISPATCH", "Image resolution", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "14. Life underwater", "Moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Water content", "Radar", "Geography", "soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS); DISPATCH; radar; Sentinel-1; disaggregation; soil moisture", "Soilmoisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", "Q", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Remote sensing", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Surface Deformation Monitoring", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Groundwater Extraction", "Geotechnical engineering", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "disaggregation", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "soil moisture", "radar"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1155/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10459.1/60556"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10459.1/60556", "name": "item", "description": "10459.1/60556", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10459.1/60556"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:26Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-01-28", "title": "A global, empirical, harmonised dataset of Soil Organic Carbon under Perennial Crops", "description": "This dataset is associated with the manuscript 'Soil organic carbon changes under perennial crops. A global, empirical, harmonised dataset' by:<i> </i>A. Ledo et al.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified", "FOS: Agriculture", " forestry and fisheries", "50301 Carbon Sequestration Science", "50199 Ecological Applications not elsewhere classified", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "name": "item", "description": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/277923", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-18", "title": "Net irrigation requirement under different climate scenarios using AquaCrop over Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Global soil water availability is challenged by the effects of climate change and a growing population. On average, 70\u2009% of freshwater extraction is attributed to agriculture, and the demand is increasing. In this study, the effects of climate change on the evolution of the irrigation water requirement to sustain current crop productivity are assessed by using the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) crop growth model AquaCrop version 6.1. The model is run at 0.5\u2218lat\u00d70.5\u2218long resolution over the European mainland, assuming a general C3-type of crop, and forced by climate input data from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project phase three (ISIMIP3). First, the AquaCrop surface soil moisture (SSM) forced with two types of ISIMIP3 historical meteorological datasets is evaluated with satellite-based SSM estimates in two ways. When driven by ISIMIP3a reanalysis meteorology, daily simulated SSM values have an unbiased root mean square difference of 0.08 and 0.06\u2009m3\u2009m\u22123, with SSM retrievals from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) missions, respectively, for the years 2015\u20132016 (2016 is the end year of the reanalysis data). When forced with ISIMIP3b meteorology from five global climate models (GCMs) for the years 2015\u20132020, the historical simulated SSM climatology closely agrees with the satellite-based SSM climatologies. Second, the evaluated AquaCrop model is run to quantify the future irrigation requirement, for an ensemble of five GCMs and three different emission scenarios. The simulated net irrigation requirement (Inet) of the three summer months for a near and far future climate period (2031\u20132060 and 2071\u20132100) is compared to the baseline period of 1985\u20132014 to assess changes in the mean and interannual variability of the irrigation demand. Averaged over the continent and the model ensemble, the far future Inet is expected to increase by 22\u2009mm per month (+30\u2009%) under a high-emission scenario Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 3\u20137.0. Central and southern Europe are the most impacted, with larger Inet increases. The interannual variability in Inet is likely to increase in northern and central Europe, whereas the variability is expected to decrease in southern regions. Under a high mitigation scenario (SSP1\u20132.6), the increase in Inet will stabilize at around 13\u2009mm per month towards the end of the century, and interannual variability will still increase but to a smaller extent. The results emphasize a large uncertainty in the Inet projected by various GCMs.</p></article>", "keywords": ["IMPACTS", "LAND", "Technology", "Environmental Engineering", "AGRICULTURE", "DEFICIT IRRIGATION", "SIMULATE YIELD RESPONSE", "0207 environmental engineering", "UNCERTAINTY", "02 engineering and technology", "CROP WATER PRODUCTIVITY", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "0905 Civil Engineering", "G", "DATA ASSIMILATION", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "T", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "TRENDS", "6. Clean water", "MODEL", "Environmental sciences", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubirfiles/86261359/Busschaert_etal_2022_HESS.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/3731/2022/hess-26-3731-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10261/277923"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/277923", "name": "item", "description": "10261/277923", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/277923"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10044/1/59029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-31", "title": "Quantifying soil moisture impacts on light use efficiency across biomes", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Terrestrial primary productivity and carbon cycle impacts of droughts are commonly quantified using vapour pressure deficit (VPD) data and remotely sensed greenness, without accounting for soil moisture. However, soil moisture limitation is known to strongly affect plant physiology.</p>  <p>Here, we investigate light use efficiency, the ratio of gross primary productivity (GPP) to absorbed light. We derive its fractional reduction due to soil moisture (fLUE), separated from VPD and greenness changes, using artificial neural networks trained on eddy covariance data, multiple soil moisture datasets and remotely sensed greenness.</p>  <p>This reveals substantial impacts of soil moisture alone that reduce GPP by up to 40% at sites located in sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90humid, semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid or arid regions. For sites in relatively moist climates, we find, paradoxically, a muted fLUE response to drying soil, but reduced fLUE under wet conditions.</p>  <p>fLUE identifies substantial drought impacts that are not captured when relying solely on VPD and greenness changes and, when seasonally recurring, are missed by traditional, anomaly\uffe2\uff80\uff90based drought indices. Counter to common assumptions, fLUE reductions are largest in drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90deciduous vegetation, including grasslands. Our results highlight the necessity to account for soil moisture limitation in terrestrial primary productivity data products, especially for drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90related assessments.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "550", "vapour pressure deficit", "Light", "Vapor Pressure", "Rain", "Eddy covariance", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Ecological applications", "Soil", "drought impacts", "Vapour pressure deficit", "Photosynthesis", "drought impacts; eddy covariance; gross primary productivity (GPP); light use efficiency; photosynthesis; soil moisture; standardized precipitation index; vapour pressure deficit (VPD)", "Plant biology", "2. Zero hunger", "Light use efficiency", "Ecology", "gross primary productivity (GPP)", "Biological Sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Climate change impacts and adaptation", "gross primary productivity", "Neural Networks", "Plant Biology & Botany", "Drought impacts", "vapour pressure deficit (VPD)", "0207 environmental engineering", "Computer", "eddy covariance", "light use efficiency", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "photosynthesis", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Research", "Gross primary productivity ()", "Water", "Humidity", "Plant Transpiration", "06 Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "standardized precipitation index", "13. 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