Legume roots can be symbiotically colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. In Lotus japonicus, the latter occurs intracellularly by the cognate rhizobial partner Mesorhizobium loti or intercellularly with the Agrobacterium pusense strain IRBG74. Although these symbiotic programs show distinctive cellular and transcriptome signatures, some molecular components are shared. In this study, we demonstrate that 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase 1 (DAHPS1), the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of aromatic amino acids (AAAs), plays a critical role in root hair development and for AM and rhizobial symbioses in Lotus. Two homozygous DAHPS1 mutants (dahps1-1 and dahps1-2) showed drastic alterations in root hair morphology, associated with alterations in cell wall dynamics and a progressive disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. The altered root hair structure was prevented by pharmacological and genetic complementation. dahps1-1 and dahps1-2 showed significant reductions in rhizobial infection (intracellular and intercellular) and nodule organogenesis and a delay in AM colonization. RNAseq analysis of dahps1-2 roots suggested that these phenotypes are associated with downregulation of several cell wall\uffe2\uff80\uff93related genes, and with an attenuated signaling response. Interestingly, the dahps1 mutants showed no detectable pleiotropic effects, suggesting a more selective recruitment of this gene in certain biological processes. This work provides robust evidence linking AAA metabolism to root hair development and successful symbiotic associations. The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are dominated by nutrient-poor mineral soil and rocky outcrops. The principal habitat for microorganisms is within rocks (endolithic). In this environment, microorganisms are provided with protection against sub-zero temperatures, rapid thermal fluctuations, extreme dryness, and ultraviolet and solar radiation. Endolithic communities include lichen, algae, fungi, and a diverse array of bacteria. Chloroflexota is among the most abundant bacterial phyla present in these communities. Among the Chloroflexota are four novel classes of bacteria, here named Candidatus Spiritibacteria class. nov. (=UBA5177), Candidatus Martimicrobia class. nov. (=UBA4733), Candidatus Tarhunnaeia class. nov. (=UBA6077), and Candidatus Uliximicrobia class. nov. (=UBA2235). We retrieved 17 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that represent these four classes. Based on genome predictions, all these bacteria are inferred to be aerobic heterotrophs that encode enzymes for the catabolism of diverse sugars. These and other organic substrates are likely derived from lichen, algae, and fungi, as metabolites (including photosynthate), cell wall components, and extracellular matrix components. The majority of MAGs encode the capacity for trace gas oxidation using high-affinity uptake hydrogenases, which could provide energy and metabolic water required for survival and persistence. Furthermore, some MAGs encode the capacity to couple the energy generated from H 2 and CO oxidation to support carbon fixation (atmospheric chemosynthesis). All encode mechanisms for the detoxification and efflux of heavy metals. Certain MAGs encode features that indicate possible interactions with other organisms, such as Tc-type toxin complexes, hemolysins, and macroglobulins.
IMPORTANCEThe ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are the coldest and most hyperarid desert on Earth. It is, therefore, the closest analog to the surface of the planet Mars. Bacteria and other microorganisms survive by inhabiting airspaces within rocks (endolithic). We identify four novel classes of phylum Chloroflexota , and, based on interrogation of 17 metagenome-assembled genomes, we predict specific metabolic and physiological adaptations that facilitate the survival of these bacteria in this harsh environment\uffe2\uff80\uff94including oxidation of trace gases and the utilization of nutrients (including sugars) derived from lichen, algae, and fungi. We propose that such adaptations allow these endolithic bacteria to eke out an existence in this cold and extremely dry habitat.
", "keywords": ["570", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Antarctic Regions", "Chloroflexi", "15. Life on land", "Survival strategies", "Cold Temperature", "Extremophiles", "13. Climate action", "Antarctica", "Endolithic communities", "Metagenomics", "14. Life underwater", "Sugars", "Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02264-23"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.02264-23", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.02264-23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.02264-23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:20:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-08", "title": "Long-term effects of early-life rumen microbiota modulation on dairy cow production performance and methane emissions", "description": "Rumen microbiota modulation during the pre-weaning period has been suggested as means to affect animal performance later in life. In this follow-up study, we examined the post-weaning rumen microbiota development differences in monozygotic twin-heifers that were inoculated (T-group) or not inoculated (C-group) (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff894 each) with fresh adult rumen liquid during their pre-weaning period. We also assessed the treatment effect on production parameters and methane emissions of cows during their 1st lactation period. The rumen microbiota was determined by the 16S rRNA gene, 18S rRNA gene, and ITS1 amplicon sequencing. Animal weight gain and rumen fermentation parameters were monitored from 2 to 12\uffe2\uff80\uff89months of age. The weight gain was not affected by treatment, but butyrate proportion was higher in T-group in month 3 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.04). Apart from archaea (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.084), the richness of bacteria (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.0001) and ciliate protozoa increased until month 7 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.004) and anaerobic fungi until month 11 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.005). The microbiota structure, measured as Bray\uffe2\uff80\uff93Curtis distances, continued to develop until months 3, 6, 7, and 10, in archaea, ciliate protozoa, bacteria, and anaerobic fungi, respectively (for all: p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001). Treatment or age \uffc3\uff97 treatment interaction had a significant (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.05) effect on 18 bacterial, 2 archaeal, and 6 ciliate protozoan taxonomic groups, with differences occurring mostly before month 4 in bacteria, and month 3 in archaea and ciliate protozoa. Treatment stimulated earlier maturation of prokaryote community in T-group before month 4 and earlier maturation of ciliate protozoa at month 2 (Random Forest: 0.75\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for bacteria and 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for protozoa). No treatment effect on the maturity of anaerobic fungi was observed. The milk production and quality, feed efficiency, and methane emissions were monitored during cow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s 1st lactation. The T-group had lower variation in energy-corrected milk yield (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001), tended to differ in pattern of residual energy intake over time (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.069), and had numerically lower somatic cell count throughout their 1st lactation period (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.081), but no differences between the groups in methane emissions (g/d, g/kg DMI, or g/kg milk) were observed. Our results demonstrated that the orally administered microbial inoculant induced transient changes in early rumen microbiome maturation. In addition, the treatment may influence the later production performance, although the mechanisms that mediate these effects need to be further explored.
", "keywords": ["microbiome modulation", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "ta412", "microbiome establishment", "Heifer", "dairy cow", "Rumen function", "Animal science", " dairy science", "Microbiology", "630", "Microbiome modulation", "QR1-502", "rumen function", "Microbiome establishment", "03 medical and health sciences", "Dairy cow", "heifer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11245.1/e982467a-6b87-4f88-8ac3-53d0fb37aeb2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:25:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-01", "title": "Arabinosylation of cell wall extensin is required for the directional response to salinity in roots", "description": "AbstractSoil salinity is a major contributor to crop yield losses. To improve our understanding of root responses to salinity, we developed and exploited a real-time salt-induced tilting assay. This assay follows root growth upon both gravitropic and salt challenges, revealing that root bending upon tilting is modulated by Na+ ions, but not by osmotic stress. Next, we measured this salt-specific response in 345 natural Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions and discovered a genetic locus, encoding the cell wall-modifying enzyme EXTENSIN ARABINOSE DEFICIENT TRANSFERASE (ExAD) that is associated with root bending in the presence of NaCl (hereafter salt). Extensins are a class of structural cell wall glycoproteins known as hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich glycoproteins, which are posttranslationally modified by O-glycosylation, mostly involving Hyp-arabinosylation. We show that salt-induced ExAD-dependent Hyp-arabinosylation influences root bending responses and cell wall thickness. Roots of exad1 mutant seedlings, which lack Hyp-arabinosylation of extensin, displayed increased thickness of root epidermal cell walls and greater cell wall porosity. They also showed altered gravitropic root bending in salt conditions and a reduced salt-avoidance response. Our results suggest that extensin modification via Hyp-arabinosylation is a unique salt-specific cellular process required for the directional response of roots exposed to salinity.Rangeland-based livestock production constitutes a primary source of livelihood for many inhabitants of dryland regions. Their subsistence relies heavily on maintaining the productivity, biodiversity and services of these ecosystems. Harsh environmental conditions (e.g., drought) combined with land use intensification (e.g., overgrazing) make dryland ecosystems vulnerable and prone to degradation. However, the interplay between livestock grazing intensity and aridity conditions in driving the conservation and nutritional value of forage in arid and semi-arid rangelands is still not fully understood. In this study, we performed structural equation models (SEM) to assess the simultaneous direct and indirect effects of livestock grazing intensity and aridity level on community structure, diversity, biomass, forage production, forage C:N ratio and forage fiber composition in two semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, NE Spain. Not surprisingly, we found that higher livestock grazing intensity led to lower community plant cover, especially when combined with higher aridity. However, both increasing grazing intensity and aridity were associated with higher forage production after one year of grazing exclusion. We did not find any adverse effect of livestock grazing on plant diversity, although plant species composition differed among grazing intensity levels. On the other hand, we found an aridity-driven trade-off in regard of the nutritional value of forage. Specifically, higher aridity was associated with a decrease in the least digestible fiber fraction (i.e., lignin) and an increase in forage C:N ratio. More interestingly, we found that livestock grazing modulated this trade-off by improving the overall forage nutritional value. Altogether, our results provide further insights into the management of semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, pointing out that maintaining traditional rangeland-based livestock production may be a sustainable option as long as rangeland conservation (e.g., community plant cover) is not severely compromised. The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are dominated by nutrient-poor mineral soil and rocky outcrops. The principal habitat for microorganisms is within rocks (endolithic). In this environment, microorganisms are provided with protection against sub-zero temperatures, rapid thermal fluctuations, extreme dryness, and ultraviolet and solar radiation. Endolithic communities include lichen, algae, fungi, and a diverse array of bacteria. Chloroflexota is among the most abundant bacterial phyla present in these communities. Among the Chloroflexota are four novel classes of bacteria, here named Candidatus Spiritibacteria class. nov. (=UBA5177), Candidatus Martimicrobia class. nov. (=UBA4733), Candidatus Tarhunnaeia class. nov. (=UBA6077), and Candidatus Uliximicrobia class. nov. (=UBA2235). We retrieved 17 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that represent these four classes. Based on genome predictions, all these bacteria are inferred to be aerobic heterotrophs that encode enzymes for the catabolism of diverse sugars. These and other organic substrates are likely derived from lichen, algae, and fungi, as metabolites (including photosynthate), cell wall components, and extracellular matrix components. The majority of MAGs encode the capacity for trace gas oxidation using high-affinity uptake hydrogenases, which could provide energy and metabolic water required for survival and persistence. Furthermore, some MAGs encode the capacity to couple the energy generated from H 2 and CO oxidation to support carbon fixation (atmospheric chemosynthesis). All encode mechanisms for the detoxification and efflux of heavy metals. Certain MAGs encode features that indicate possible interactions with other organisms, such as Tc-type toxin complexes, hemolysins, and macroglobulins.
IMPORTANCEThe ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are the coldest and most hyperarid desert on Earth. It is, therefore, the closest analog to the surface of the planet Mars. Bacteria and other microorganisms survive by inhabiting airspaces within rocks (endolithic). We identify four novel classes of phylum Chloroflexota , and, based on interrogation of 17 metagenome-assembled genomes, we predict specific metabolic and physiological adaptations that facilitate the survival of these bacteria in this harsh environment\uffe2\uff80\uff94including oxidation of trace gases and the utilization of nutrients (including sugars) derived from lichen, algae, and fungi. We propose that such adaptations allow these endolithic bacteria to eke out an existence in this cold and extremely dry habitat.
", "keywords": ["570", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Antarctic Regions", "Chloroflexi", "15. Life on land", "Survival strategies", "Cold Temperature", "Extremophiles", "13. Climate action", "Antarctica", "Endolithic communities", "Metagenomics", "14. Life underwater", "Sugars", "Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10449/84316"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10449/84316", "name": "item", "description": "10449/84316", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10449/84316"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2986762", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-02T16:33:26Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Insights into Adaptations of Biogas-Producing Microbial Communities from Taxonomic Profiling, Metagenomically Assembled Genomes and Analysis of the Methanogenic Isolate Methanothermobacter wolfeii SIV6", "description": "Biogas is an important renewable energy source in Germany. However, in the course of the German energy transition and for political and economic reasons, biogas plants must become more flexible with regard to varying residue-based substrates and thus changing process conditions, while ensuring a stable and efficient process. To meet these requirements, a deeper understanding of the complex biogas-producing microbial communities and the role of community members in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process is necessary, under consideration of the prevailing process conditions. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to comprehensively analyse biogas-producing microbial communities with regard to their adaptations to the process conditions in differently operated large-scale agricultural digesters. For this purpose, three different approaches were applied to unravel certain types of adaptations of the microbial communities within biogas plants.Approximately one\uffe2\uff80\uff90third of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted to the atmosphere consists of isoprene, originating from the terrestrial and marine biosphere, with a profound effect on atmospheric chemistry. However, isoprene provides an abundant and largely unexplored source of carbon and energy for microbes. The potential for isoprene degradation in marine and estuarine samples from the Colne Estuary, UK, was investigated using DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90Stable Isotope Probing (DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP). Analysis at two timepoints showed the development of communities dominated by Actinobacteria including members of the genera Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium and Gordonia. Representative isolates, capable of growth on isoprene as sole carbon and energy source, were obtained from marine and estuarine locations, and isoprene\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading strains of Gordonia and Mycobacterium were characterised physiologically and their genomes were sequenced. Genes predicted to be required for isoprene metabolism, including four\uffe2\uff80\uff90component isoprene monooxygenases (IsoMO), were identified and compared with previously characterised examples. Transcriptional and activity assays of strains growing on isoprene or alternative carbon sources showed that growth on isoprene is an inducible trait requiring a specific IsoMO. This study is the first to identify active isoprene degraders in estuarine and marine environments using DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP and to characterise marine isoprene\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading bacteria at the physiological and molecular level.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Base Sequence", "610", "QR Microbiology", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "Environment", "6. Clean water", "Mixed Function Oxygenases", "Mycobacterium", "03 medical and health sciences", "Hemiterpenes", "13. Climate action", "Pentanes", "Butadienes", "Rhodococcus", "14. Life underwater", "Gordonia Bacterium", "Research Articles", "Genome", " Bacterial", "GE Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/63998/4/Published_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.13842/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13842"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.13842", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.13842", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.13842"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1073/pnas.1913688117", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-17", "title": "ENO regulates tomato fruit size through the floral meristem development network", "description": "A dramatic evolution of fruit size has accompanied the domestication and improvement of fruit-bearing crop species. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), naturally occurring cis-regulatory mutations in the genes of the CLAVATA-WUSCHEL signaling pathway have led to a significant increase in fruit size generating enlarged meristems that lead to flowers with extra organs and bigger fruits. In this work, by combining mapping-by-sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing methods, we isolatedEXCESSIVE NUMBER OF FLORAL ORGANS(ENO), an AP2/ERF transcription factor which regulates floral meristem activity. Thus, theENOgene mutation gives rise to plants that yield larger multilocular fruits due to an increased size of the floral meristem. Genetic analyses indicate thatenoexhibits synergistic effects with mutations at theLOCULE NUMBER(encodingSlWUS) andFASCIATED(encodingSlCLV3) loci, two central players in the evolution of fruit size in the domestication of cultivated tomatoes. Our findings reveal that anenomutation causes a substantial expansion ofSlWUSexpression domains in a flower-specific manner. In vitro binding results show that ENO is able to interact with the GGC-box cis-regulatory element within theSlWUSpromoter region, suggesting that ENO directly regulatesSlWUSexpression domains to maintain floral stem-cell homeostasis. Furthermore, the study of natural allelic variation of theENOlocus proved that a cis-regulatory mutation in the promoter ofENOhad been targeted by positive selection during the domestication process, setting up the background for significant increases in fruit locule number and fruit size in modern tomatoes.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Floral meristem", "[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics]", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Meristem", "Quantitative Trait Loci", "Genes", " Plant", "CLAVATA/WUSCHEL regulatory network", "Domestication", "[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]", "03 medical and health sciences", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "AP2/ERF transcription factor", "Promoter Regions", " Genetic", "Cell Proliferation", "Plant Proteins", "580", "Homeodomain Proteins", "2. Zero hunger", "Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)", "0303 health sciences", "Stem Cells", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "fruit size", "Crop Production", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "CLAVATA-WUSCHEL regulatory network", "GENETICA", "Fruit", "Mutation", "Fruit size", "floral meristem", "Transcription Factors"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1913688117"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913688117"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1073/pnas.1913688117", "name": "item", "description": "10.1073/pnas.1913688117", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1073/pnas.1913688117"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:16:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-03", "title": "Heterotrophic Respiration And Nitrogen Mineralisation In Soils Of Norway Spruce, Scots Pine And Silver Birch Stands In Contrasting Climates", "description": "Different tree species are often associated with different soil properties. Earlier studies have shown that Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), the two dominant tree species in Fennoscandia, often generate soils with larger carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools than silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). Consequently, we hypothesised that spruce and pine would create soils with slower turnover rates than birch. To test this, C and N pools and C and N mineralisation rates were determined in different soil layers (humus, 0\u201310 cm, 10\u201320 cm mineral soil) at two sites with contrasting climatic conditions. One site (T\u00f6nnersj\u00f6heden) was located in the temperate zone in SW Sweden and one (Kivalo) in the north boreal zone in N Finland. At both sites, experimental plots with the three tree species had been established more than 50 years before the study. Samples from the different soil layers were incubated at 15 \u00b0C in the laboratory for 30 days, and C and N mineralisation rates were determined. In addition, earthworm abundance was estimated at T\u00f6nnersj\u00f6heden but not at Kivalo (no sign of bioturbation). At T\u00f6nnersj\u00f6heden, soil C and N pools (g C or N m\u22122) were ranked spruce > pine > birch. C mineralisation rate (mg CO2\u2013C g\u22121 C d\u22121) was higher in the birch plots than in the other plots, but because of larger C pools in the spruce plots, field C mineralisation (g CO2\u2013C m\u22122 year\u22121) was higher for spruce than for pine and birch. Field net N mineralisation (80\u201390 kg N ha\u22121 year\u22121) did not differ significantly between tree species, but nitrification rates (\u03bcg NO3\u2013N g\u22121 C d\u22121) in the topsoil were higher in the birch plots than in the other plots. The birch plots had larger populations of earthworms and a higher degree of bioturbation than any of the coniferous plots, which probably explains the higher turnover rate of birch soil organic matter (SOM). At Kivalo, C and N soil pools were significantly larger in spruce than in birch plots, and C mineralisation rate was higher in birch and spruce humus than in pine humus. Net N mineralisation rate and annual field net N mineralisation (<4 kg N ha\u22121 year\u22121) were estimated to be very low, with no effect of tree species. Thus, the hypothesis of a \u2018birch effect\u2019 was supported at T\u00f6nnersj\u00f6heden, but only partly at Kivalo. The main difference seemed to be that the earthworms at T\u00f6nnersj\u00f6heden accelerated SOM decomposition under birch, whereas earthworm stimulation was negligible at Kivalo, probably because of climate-related limitations.", "keywords": ["kuusi", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "typpi", "550", "kastemato", "m\u00e4nty", "hiili", "QD", "15. Life on land", "koivu", "01 natural sciences", "SD"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/36374/13/36374_HANSSON_Heterotrophic_respiration_and_nitrogen_mineralisation.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.7302", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-10", "title": "Long-Term Impacts Of Grazing Intensity On Soil Carbon Sequestration And Selected Soil Properties In The Arid Eastern Cape, South Africa", "description": "AbstractBACKGROUNDLittle is known about how basic soil properties respond to contrasting grazing intensities in the Karoo biome, South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate impacts of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (>75 years) grazing at 1.18 heads ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (heavy; CGH), 0.78 heads ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (light; CGL), and exclosure on selected soil properties. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 60 cm from the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experimental site of Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, Eastern Cape. The samples were analyzed for C, N, bulk density and infiltration rate, among others.
RESULTSGenerally, heavy and light grazing reduced soil N storage by 27.5% and 22.6%, respectively, compared with the exclosure. Animal exclusion improved water infiltration rate and C stocks significantly (P < 0.05), which was 0.128, 0.097, and 0.093 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for exclosure, CGL and CGH, respectively. Soil penetration resistance was higher for grazing treatments in the top 3\uffe2\uff80\uff937 cm soil layer but for exclosure at the top 1 cm soil surface.
CONCLUSIONAlthough livestock exclusion has the potential to improve C sequestration, a sufficient resting period for 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 years followed by three consecutive grazing years at light stocking rate would be ideal for sustainable livestock production in this arid region of South Africa. \uffc2\uffa9 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["570", "Livestock", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "continuous grazing", "01 natural sciences", "630", "nitrogen", "Soil", "South Africa", "arid lands", "Animals", "exclosure", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon", "Feeding Behavior", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "soil properties", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7302"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.7302", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.7302", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.7302"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/cbic.202000051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-31", "title": "An Engineered E.\u2005coli Strain for Direct in Vivo Fluorination", "description": "AbstractSelectively fluorinated compounds are found frequently in pharmaceutical and agrochemical products where currently 25\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff89% of optimised compounds emerge from development containing at least one fluorine atom. There are many methods for the site\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific introduction of fluorine, but all are chemical and they often use environmentally challenging reagents. Biochemical processes for C\uffe2\uff88\uff92F bond formation are attractive, but they are extremely rare. In this work, the fluorinase enzyme, originally identified from the actinomycete bacterium Streptomyces cattleya, is engineered into Escherichia coli in such a manner that the organism is able to produce 5\uffe2\uff80\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90fluorodeoxyadenosine (5\uffe2\uff80\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90FDA) from S\uffe2\uff80\uff90adenosyl\uffe2\uff80\uff90l\uffe2\uff80\uff90methionine (SAM) and fluoride in live E.\uffe2\uff80\uff85coli cells. Success required the introduction of a SAM transporter and deletion of the endogenous fluoride efflux capacity in order to generate an E.\uffe2\uff80\uff85coli host that has the potential for future engineering of more elaborate fluorometabolites.
", "keywords": ["SAM transporters", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "S-Adenosylmethionine", "0303 health sciences", "Deoxyadenosines", "Halogenation", "DAS", "Fluorine", "Halogenations", "540", "QD Chemistry", "Streptomyces", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "Bacterial Proteins", "Isomerism", "Escherichia coli", "QD", "Fluoride channels", "Genetic Engineering", "Oxidoreductases", "Fluorinases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cbic.202000051"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202000051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ChemBioChem", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/cbic.202000051", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/cbic.202000051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/cbic.202000051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-11", "title": "Grazing Exclusion Reduced Soil Respiration But Increased Its Temperature Sensitivity In A Meadow Grassland On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "AbstractUnderstanding anthropogenic influences on soil respiration (Rs) is critical for accurate predictions of soil carbon fluxes, but it is not known how Rs responds to grazing exclusion (GE). Here, we conducted a manipulative experiment in a meadow grassland on the Tibetan Plateau to investigate the effects of GE on Rs. The exclusion of livestock significantly increased soil moisture and above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass, but it decreased soil temperature, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and Rs. Regression analysis indicated that the effects of GE on Rs were mainly due to changes in soil temperature, soil moisture, and MBC. Compared with the grazed blocks, GE significantly decreased soil carbon release by 23.6% over the growing season and 21.4% annually, but it increased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of Rs by 6.5% and 14.2% for the growing season and annually respectively. Therefore, GE may reduce the release of soil carbon from the Tibetan Plateau, but under future climate warming scenarios, the increases in Q10 induced by GE could lead to increased carbon emissions.
", "keywords": ["570", "MICROBIAL RESPIRATION", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "Plant Productivity", "Temperature Sensitivity", "ALPINE GRASSLAND", "630", "Microbial Biomass Carbon", "NORTHERN CHINA", "SEASONAL PATTERNS", "MOUNTAIN GRASSLANDS", "Grazing Exclusion", "Tibetan Plateau", "PLANT-COMMUNITIES", "Original Research", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "CO2 EFFLUX", "Ecology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "INNER-MONGOLIA", "BELOW-GROUND BIOMASS", "Soil Respiration", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1867"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ece3.1867"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-02", "title": "Land Use Intensification In The Humid Tropics Increased Both Alpha And Beta Diversity Of Soil Bacteria", "description": "AbstractAnthropogenic pressures on tropical forests are rapidly intensifying, but our understanding of their implications for biological diversity is still very limited, especially with regard to soil biota, and in particular soil bacterial communities. Here we evaluated bacterial community composition and diversity across a gradient of land use intensity in the eastern Amazon from undisturbed primary forest, through primary forests varyingly disturbed by fire, regenerating secondary forest, pasture, and mechanized agriculture. Soil bacteria were assessed by paired\uffe2\uff80\uff90end Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4 region). The resulting sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) at a 97% similarity threshold. Land use intensification increased the observed bacterial diversity (both OTU richness and community heterogeneity across space) and this effect was strongly associated with changes in soil pH. Moreover, land use intensification and subsequent changes in soil fertility, especially pH, altered the bacterial community composition, with pastures and areas of mechanized agriculture displaying the most contrasting communities in relation to undisturbed primary forest. Together, these results indicate that tropical forest conversion impacts soil bacteria not through loss of diversity, as previously thought, but mainly by imposing marked shifts on bacterial community composition, with unknown yet potentially important implications for ecological functions and services performed by these communities.
", "keywords": ["Rios de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de comunidade bacteriana", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Bacteria", "Biodiversidade subterr\u00e2nea", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Below\u2010ground biodiversity", "High\u2010throughput sequencing", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Sequenciamento de alto rendimento", "Rivers of bacterial community composition", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82660/1/de_Carvalho_et_al_2016_raw_pdf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ece3.6547", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-09", "title": "The distribution of herbivores between leaves matches their performance only in the absence of competitors", "description": "AbstractFew studies have tested how plant quality and the presence of competitors interact in determining how herbivores choose between different leaves within a plant. We investigated this in two herbivorous spider mites sharing tomato plants: Tetranychus urticae, which generally induces plant defenses, and Tetranychus evansi, which suppresses them, creating asymmetrical effects on coinfesting competitors. On uninfested plants, both herbivore species preferred young leaves, coinciding with increased mite performance. On plants with heterospecifics, the mites did not prefer leaves on which they had a better performance. In particular, T.\uffc2\uffa0urticae avoided leaves infested with T.\uffc2\uffa0evansi, which is in agreement with T.\uffc2\uffa0urticae being outcompeted by T.\uffc2\uffa0evansi. In contrast, T.\uffc2\uffa0evansi did not avoid leaves with the other species, but distributed itself evenly over plants infested with heterospecifics. We hypothesize that this behavior of T.\uffc2\uffa0evansi may prevent further spread of T.\uffc2\uffa0urticae over the shared plant. Our results indicate that leaf age determines within\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant distribution of herbivores only in absence of competitors. Moreover, they show that this distribution depends on the order of arrival of competitors and on their effects on each other, with herbivores showing differences in behavior within the plant as a possible response to the outcome of those interactions.The impacts of invasive plant control on native animals are rarely evaluated. Using data from an eight\uffe2\uff80\uff90year study in southeastern Australia, we quantified the effects on native bird, mammal, and reptile species of (1) the abundance of the invasive Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata, and (2) a Bitou Bush control program, which involved repeated herbicide spraying interspersed with prescribed burning. We found that overall species richness of birds, mammals, and reptiles and the majority of individual vertebrate species were unresponsive to Bitou Bush cover and the number of plants. Two species including the nationally endangered Eastern Bristlebird (Dasyurus brachypterus) responded positively to measures of native vegetation cover following the control of Bitou Bush. Analyses of the effects of different components of the treatment protocol employed to control Bitou Bush revealed (1) no negative effects of spraying on vertebrate species richness; (2) negative effects of spraying on only one individual species (Scarlet Honeyeater); and (3) lower bird species richness but higher reptile species richness after fire. The occupancy of most individual vertebrates species was unaffected by burning; four species responded negatively and one positively to fire. Our study indicated that actions to remove Bitou Bush generally have few negative impacts on native vertebrates. We therefore suggest that controlling this highly invasive exotic plant species has only very limited negative impacts on vertebrate biota.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "weed control", "570", "Secondary effects", "off-target impacts", "animal response to weed control", "Indirect impacts", "Fire management", "590", "Non-target impacts", "herbicide impact on animals", "Herbicide impact on animals", "01 natural sciences", "invasive alien plant management", "fire management", "indirect impacts", "14. Life underwater", "non-target impacts", "Invasive alien plant management", "weed management impacts", "Animal response to weed control", "Bitou Bush", "580", "secondary effects", "Weed management impacts", "15. Life on land", "Weed control", "Off-target impacts", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/407435/1/Lindenmayer_et_al_2017_Ecopshere.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/244051/3/01_Lindenmayer_Non-target_impacts_of_weed_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.2466", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-29", "title": "Carbon Sequestration In Restored Soils By Applying Organic Amendments", "description": "AbstractThe study of different natural carbon sinks has become especially important because of climate change effects. The restoration of contaminated areas can be an ideal strategy for carbon sequestration. The studied area was affected by toxic Aznalc\uffc3\uffb3llar mine spill in 1998. Restoration process of the contaminated area was based, mainly, on the use of two organic amendments: leonardite (LE) and biosolid compost (BC). The objective of this study was to verify whether the application of these amendments promotes the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon sequestration in this soil. Five treatments were established: untreated control, biosolid compost (doses 4 and 2) and leonardite (doses 4 and 2). The addition of amendments implied an improvement in soil quality that was directly related to the amendment dose: decrease in bulk density, increase in pH, higher respiration rates and an improvement in the stratification ratio. Dose\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent changes in the molecular composition of soil organic matter were shown by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Both amendments promoted carbon retention, although because of the low mineralization rates of soil organic matter in LE treatments, the carbon storage was higher. The dosage effect on the carbon balance was more important in LE treatments, whereas in the BC treatments, the balance was similar for both doses. Our findings suggest that LE4 significantly increased the total organic carbon and it was the most suitable treatment for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon storage, because of its molecular composition rich in relatively stable aromatic and lignin\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived compounds. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "trace element contaminated soil", "13C NMR", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Trace element contaminated soil", "leonardite", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biosolid compost", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "biosolid compost", "C sequestration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C-13 NMR", "Leonardite"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2466"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.2466", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.2466", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.2466"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-08-18", "title": "Agroforestry systems: Meta-analysis of soil carbon stocks, sequestration processes, and future potentials", "description": "AbstractAgroforestry (AF) has the potential to restore degraded lands, provide a broader range of ecosystem goods and services such as carbon (C) sequestration and high biodiversity, and increase soil fertility and ecosystem stability through additional C input from trees, erosion prevention, and microclimate improvement. Advantages and processes for global C sequestration in AF are unknown. We used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 427 soil C stock data pairs grouped into four main AF systems\uffe2\uff80\uff94alley cropping, windbreaks, silvopastures, and homegardens\uffe2\uff80\uff94and evaluated changes in AF and adjacent control cropland or pasture. Mean soil C stocks in AF (1\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depth) were 126\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, which is 19% more than that in cropland or pasture. The highest C stocks in soil were in subtropical homegardens, AF with younger trees, and topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm). Increased soil C stocks in AF were lower than aboveground C stocks in most AF systems, except alley cropping. Homegardens stored the highest C in both aboveground and belowground, especially in the subsoil (20\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm). Advantages of AF ecosystem services focusing on mechanisms of belowground C sequestration were analyzed. AF could store 5.3\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0109\uffc2\uffa0Mg additional C in soil on 944\uffc2\uffa0Mha globally, with most in the tropics and subtropics. AF systems could greatly contribute to global soil C sequestration if used in larger areas. Future investigations of AF should include (a) mechanistic\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies (instead of common monitoring and inventories), (b) models linking forest and crop growth with soil water and C and nutrient cycling, and (c) accurate assessments of the AF area worldwide based on the remote sensing approaches.
", "keywords": ["meta-analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "13. Climate action", "sustainable land use", "homegardens", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agroforestry management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ecosystem services", "carbon sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-15", "title": "Effects of microplastics on crop nutrition in fertile soils and interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "description": "AbstractIntroductionSoil microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a main factor of global change, but its effects on soil nutrient availability and uptake by crops (macro and micronutrients) are largely unknown. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are regulators of nutrient availability and uptake and can interact with soil MP.
Materials and MethodsBuilding on previous studies, here we explored in a 50\uffe2\uff80\uff90days pot experiment the influence and interaction of MP fibres (0.4%) and commercial AMF in soil and onion chemistry, that is, in elemental composition of onion shoots and soils (C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and micronutrient soil availability (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn).
ResultsMP had detrimental effects on K, Mg and S, but increased the soil availability of Zn and shoot uptake. AMF inoculation buffered the effects of MP by balancing/enhancing nutrient availability and plant uptake. Particularly, the commercial AMF inoculum remarkably enhanced Mn uptake by onion.
ConclusionOur results support the use of AMF to sustainably manage agricultural ecosystems contaminated with MP, buffering and counteracting the effects of MP by balancing nutrient availability and plant uptake.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "microplastics", "Agriculture (General)", "Microplastics", "macronutrients", "Qu\u00edmica", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "soil", "Environmental sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "micronutrients", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Macronutrients", "Micronutrients", "Onion", "onion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Sustainable%20Agriculture%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/sae2.12031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:14:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-12", "title": "Frontiers in soil ecology\u2014Insights from the World Biodiversity Forum 2022", "description": "AbstractGlobal change is affecting soil biodiversity and functioning across all terrestrial ecosystems. Still, much is unknown about how soil biodiversity and function will change in the future in response to simultaneous alterations in climate and land use, as well as other environmental drivers. It is crucial to understand the direct, indirect\uffc2\uffa0and interactive effects of global change drivers on soil communities and ecosystems across environmental contexts, not only today but also in the near future. This is particularly relevant for international efforts to tackle climate change like the Paris Agreement, and considering the failure to achieve the 2020 biodiversity targets, especially the target of halting soil degradation. Here, we outline the main frontiers related to soil ecology that were presented and discussed at the thematic sessions of the World Biodiversity Forum 2022 in Davos, Switzerland. We highlight multiple frontiers of knowledge associated with data integration, causal inference, soil biodiversity and function scenarios, critical soil biodiversity facets, underrepresented drivers, global collaboration, knowledge application and transdisciplinarity, as well as policy and public communication. These identified research priorities are not only of immediate interest to the scientific community but may also be considered in research priority programmes and calls for funding.