Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees, which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.Increasing temperatures and a reduction in the frequency and severity of freezing events have been linked to species distribution shifts. Across the globe, mangrove ranges are expanding toward higher latitudes, likely due to diminishing frequency of freezing events associated with climate change. Continued warming will alter coastal wetland plant dynamics both above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground, potentially altering plant capacity to keep up with sea level rise. We conducted an in situ warming experiment, in northeast Florida, to determine how increased temperature (+2\uffc2\uffb0C) influences co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring mangrove and salt marsh plants. Warming was achieved using passive warming with three treatment levels (ambient, shade control, warmed). Avicennia germinans, the black mangrove, exhibited no differences in growth or height due to experimental warming, but displayed a warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced increase in leaf production (48%). Surprisingly, Distichlis spicata, the dominant salt marsh grass, increased in biomass (53% in 2013 and 70% in 2014), density (41%) and height (18%) with warming during summer months. Warming decreased plant root mass at depth and changed abundances of anaerobic bacterial taxa. Even while the poleward shift of mangroves is clearly controlled by the occurrences of severe freezes, chronic warming between these freeze events may slow the progression of mangrove dominance within ecotones.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "13. Climate action", "Climate Change", "Wetlands", "Florida", "Avicennia", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1539"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecy.1539", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecy.1539", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecy.1539"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-27", "title": "Microbial Biomass And Activity At Various Soil Depths In A Brazilian Oxisol After Two Decades Of No-Tillage And Conventional Tillage", "description": "The advantages of no-tillage (NT) over conventional tillage (CT) systems in improving soil quality are generally accepted, resulting from benefits in soil physical, chemical and biological properties. However, most evaluations have only considered surface soil layers (maximum 0\u201330 cm depth), and values have not been corrected to account for changes in soil bulk density. The objective of this study was to estimate a more realistic contribution of the NT to soil fertility, by evaluating C- and N-related soil parameters at the 0\u201360 cm depth in a 20-year experiment established on an oxisol in southern Brazil, with a soybean (summer)/wheat (winter) crop succession under NT and CT. At full flowering of the soybean crop, soil samples were collected at depths of 0\u20135, 5\u201310, 10\u201320, 20\u201330, 30\u201340, 40\u201350 and 50\u201360 cm. For the overall 0\u201360 cm layer, correcting the values for soil bulk density, NT significantly increased the stocks of C (18%) and N (16%) and microbial biomass C (35%) and N (23%) (MB-C and -N) in comparison to CT. Microbial basal respiration and microbial quotient (qMic) were also significantly increased under NT. When compared with CT, NT resulted in gains of 0.8 Mg C ha\u22121 yr\u22121 (67% of which was in the 0\u201330 cm layer) and 70 kg N ha\u22121 yr\u22121 (73% in the 0\u201330 cm layer). In the 0\u20135-cm layer, MB-C was 82% higher with NT than with CT; in addition, the 0\u201330 cm layer accumulated 70% of the MB-C with NT, and 58% with CT. In comparison to CT, the NT system resulted in total inputs of microbial C and N estimated at 38 kg C ha\u22121 yr\u22121 and 1.5 kg N ha\u22121 yr\u22121, respectively. Apparently, N was the key nutrient limiting C and N stocks, and since adoption of NT resulted in a significant increase of N in soils which were deficient in N, efforts should be focused on increasing N inputs on NT systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Julio Cezar Franchini, Mariangela Hungria, Mariangela Hungria, Philip C. Brookes, Let\u00edcia Carlos Babujia, Let\u00edcia Carlos Babujia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-09", "title": "Temperature Sensitivity Of Soil Respiration: Synthetic Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilization On Chinese Loess Plateau", "description": "Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization has the potential to alter soil respiration temperature sensitivity (Q10) by changing soil biochemical and crop physiological process. A four-year field experiment was conducted to determine how Q10 responded to these biochemical and physiological changes in rain-fed agro-ecosystems on the semi-arid Loess Plateau. Soil respiration, as well as biotic and abiotic factors were measured in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), with three fertilization treatments: (no fertilization (CK), 160kgNhm-1 (N), and 160kgNha-1 with 39kgPha-1 (N+P). Mean annual soil respiration rate (calculated by averaging the four years) in the N treatment and N+P treatment was 18% and 48% higher than that in the CK treatment, respectively; and it was increased by 26% (14%-48%) in the N+P treatment as compared with that in the N treatment. The decrease of Q10 in the N and N+P treatments against the CK treatment was not stable for each year, ranging from 0.01 to 0.28. The maximum decrease of Q10 in the N and N+P treatments was 10% and 15% in 2014-2015, while in other years the decrease of Q10 was numerical but not significant. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) was increased by 10% and 50%, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was increased by 6% and 21%, and photosynthesis rate was increased ranging from 6% to 33% with N and N+P fertilization. The relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were significantly higher by 32.9%-54.1% in N addition soils (N and N+P) compared to CK treatment, whereas additional P application into soils increased the relative abundance of the family Micrococcaceae, Nocardioidaceae and Chitinophagaceae. Soil respiration was positively related to SMBC, DOC and photosynthesis rate (p<0.05). However, variation in Q10 may be related to the increase of soil mineral N content and variation of the relative abundance of soil microbial community in our study. Nitrogen and additional phosphorus fertilization regimes affect soil respiration and temperature sensitivity differently.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Qingfang Liu, Rui Wang, Shengli Guo, Shengli Guo, Ying Wang, Qiqi Sun, Man Zhao, Yaxian Hu, Xin Gao, Lanlan Du,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-94-007-1521-9_9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:21Z", "created": "2011-06-29", "title": "Ecological Threats And Agricultural Opportunities Of The Aquatic Cane-Like Grass Phragmites Australis In Wetlands", "description": "Wetlands are some of the most biologically productive and dynamic natural ecosystems with multiple value for man and nature. Indeed wetlands provide goods and service such as water storing, floodwater trapping, and trapping of sediment and pollutants. Wetlands also affect climate change by absorbing CO2, storing and releasing heat, and harnessing sunlight using a rich variety of vegetation that supports animal life. However wetlands can be polluted by industrial and commercial operations, agricultural runoff and storm water. Wetlands are degraded by filling in and drainage for land development. Wetlands are also degraded by dredging for commercial and recreational water traffic. Dam construction and irrigation roads change the hydrological status of wetlands. Wetlands allow the growth of aquatic macrophytic vegetation such as the emergent Phragmites australis. P. australis is mainly a clonal plant occurring in natural areas. P. australis invasion in wetlands alters the structure and function of the ecosystem by reducing plant and animal biodiversity and changing hydrological regimes and nutrient cycles. This invasion leads to less food or cover for wildlife, decreased use of an area for recreational purposes and decreased availability of drinking and irrigating water. Several methods have been applied in order to control P. australis growth. Control methods include non ecological methods such as burning that releases CO2 in the atmosphere and chemical control with non-specific herbicides. Control methods include also ecological methods such as grazing and removal of above-ground biomass by cutting. Cuttings can in turn be used for on-farm application as green manure or sludge after energy production and compost production. An economic and ecological basis for accepting a beneficial role for P. australis is lacking. This report focuses on the possibility that people living near wetlands could produce compost using plant material from P. australis. Suitable use of compost in agriculture could reduce the fertilizer application and thereby reduce the environmental pollution, improve food security and soil productivity, and increase sustainability in the agroecosystems. It can also play role in the climate change because part of the organic C is released as CO2 in the atmosphere and the rest is consumed by the decomposers.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1521-9_9"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-94-007-1521-9_9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-94-007-1521-9_9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-94-007-1521-9_9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-06", "title": "Soil Respiration In A Subtropical Montane Cloud Forest In Taiwan", "description": "Abstract Little is known about carbon budgets for tropical and subtropical montane cloud forest (TMCF) ecosystems. Information about the soil CO 2 efflux from these ecosystems is particularly scarce, although they have been shown to have special hydrological regimes which might be important in controlling soil respiration. In this study, we used an automatic chamber system to measure soil respiration rates at the Chi-Lan Mountain forest site. The half-hourly dataset was used for analyzing the controlling factors and mechanisms of soil respiration. A manipulation experiment was conducted in the field by applying 3-fold and 1-fold aboveground litter to the soil surface and measuring the respective soil respiration rates using the static alkali chamber method. The results showed that soil respiration rates have a positive exponential correlation with soil temperature and a negative exponential correlation with soil water content. An empirical model relating soil respiration ( R s ) to soil temperature ( T ) and soil water content ( \u03b8 ) is R s \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.095\u00a0+\u00a0e 0.88+0.10 T \u22126.99 \u03b8 with R 2 \u00a0=\u00a00.83. The annual soil respiration rate calculated using this model was 176\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 . This extremely low value might be caused by the permanently high soil moisture and the relative lower mean annual temperature compared to other sites that receive similar amounts of precipitation. The 3-fold and 1-fold litter treatments resulted in significantly higher soil CO 2 efflux compared to the chambers with no litter. The magnitude of difference diminished to negligible levels 6 months after treatment. About 10% of the annual soil respiration was contributed by the mineralization of fresh aboveground litter. The carbon mass loss of the decomposing litter during the first 6 months was mainly due to leaching of dissolved organic carbon (75%) and secondarily due to mineralization of CO 2 . From the results of this study, we hypothesized that the TMCFs may be vulnerable to global warming since the drying of the soil may change the soil from being a carbon sink to being a carbon source, thereby releasing soil organic carbon that had been stored for a long period of time.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-31", "title": "Interannual And Interseasonal Soil Co2 Efflux And Voc Exchange Rates In A Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest In Response To Experimental Drought", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "Seasonality", "Soil VOCs", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "CO2 efflux", "Soil monoterpenes", "Soil temperature", "Soil moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11356-015-5828-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-26", "title": "The Potential Of Residues Of Furfural And Biogas As Calcareous Soil Amendments For Corn Seed Production", "description": "Intensive corn seed production in Northwest of China produced large amounts of furfural residues, which represents higher treatment cost and environmental issue. The broad calcareous soils in the Northwest of China exhibit low organic matter content and high pH, which led to lower fertility and lower productivity. Recycling furfural residues as soil organic and nutrient amendment might be a promising agricultural practice to calcareous soils. A 3-year field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of furfural as a soil amendment on corn seed production on calcareous soil with compared to biogas residues. Soil physical-chemical properties, soil enzyme activities, and soil heavy metal concentrations were assessed in the last year after the last application. Corn yield was determined in each year. Furfural residue amendments significantly decreased soil pH and soil bulk density. Furfural residues combined with commercial fertilizers resulted in the greater cumulative on soil organic matter, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, and cation exchange capacity than that of biogas residue. Simultaneously, urease, invertase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase increased even at the higher furfural application rates. Maize seed yield increased even with lower furfural residue application rates. Furfural residues resulted in lower Zn concentration and higher Cd concentration than that of biogas residues. Amendment of furfural residues led to higher soil electrical conductivity (EC) than that of biogas residues. The addition of furfural residues to maize seed production may be considered to be a good strategy for recycling the waste, converting it into a potential resource as organic amendment in arid and semi-arid calcareous soils, and may help to reduce the use of mineral chemical fertilizers in these soils. However, the impact of its application on soil health needs to be established in long-term basis.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Metals", " Heavy", "Seeds", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Furaldehyde", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhijun Ma, Youfu Zhang, Li Zhang, Zhibin Yan, Jiahai Qin, Zhao Yunchen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5828-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11356-015-5828-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11356-015-5828-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11356-015-5828-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-29", "title": "Soil Properties, Crop Production And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer-Based Arable Cropping Systems", "description": "Organic and conventional farming practices differ in the use of several management strategies, including use of catch crops, green manure, and fertilization, which may influence soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of agroecosystems. An 11-yr-old field experiment on a sandy loam soil in Denmark was used to compare several crop rotations with respect to a range of physical, chemical and biological characteristics related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows. Four organic rotations and an inorganic fertilizer-based system were selected to evaluate effects of fertilizer type, catch crops, of grass-clover used as green manure, and of animal manure application. Soil was sampled from winter wheat and spring barley plots on 19 September 2007, 14 April 2008 and 22 September 2008, i.e. before, during, and after the growth season. The soils were analyzed for multiple attributes: total soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, microbial biomass N (MBN), potentially mineralizable N (PMN), and levels of potential ammonium oxidation (PAO) and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In situ measurements of soil heterotrophic carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration and nitrous oxide emissions were conducted in plots with winter wheat. In April 2008, prior to field operations, intact soil cores were collected at two depths (0\u20135 and 5\u201310 cm) in plots under winter wheat. Water retention characteristics of each core were determined and used to calculate relative gas diffusivity (DP/Do). Finally, crop growth was monitored and grain yields measured at harvest maturity. The different management strategies between 1997 and 2007 led to soil carbon inputs that were on average 18\u201368% and 32\u201391% higher in the organic than inorganic fertilizer-based rotations for the sampled winter wheat and spring barley crops, respectively. Nevertheless, SOC levels in 2008 were similar across systems. The cumulative soil respiration for the period February to August 2008 ranged between 2 and 3 t CO2\u2013C ha\u22121 and was correlated (r = 0.95) with average C inputs. In the organic cropping systems, pig slurry application and inclusion of catch crops generally increased soil respiration, PMN and PAO. At field capacity, relative gas diffusivity at 0\u20135 cm depth was >50% higher in the organic than the inorganic fertilizer-based system (P < 0.05). Crop yields in 2008 were generally lower in the low-input organic rotations than in the high-input inorganic fertilizer-based system; only spring barley in rotations with pig slurry application and incorporation of a catch crop prior to sowing obtained grain yields similar to levels achieved in the system where inorganic fertilizer was applied. These results suggest that within organic cropping systems, both microbial activity and crop yields could be enhanced through inclusion of catch crops. However, the timing of catch crop incorporation is critical.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "Nutrient turnover", "inorganic fertilizer", "15. Life on land", "potential ammonium oxidation", "Air and water emissions", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "denitrifier enzyme activity", "Soil biology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Life", "13. Climate action", "potential mineralizable nitrogen", "catch drop", "gas diffusivity", "11. Sustainability", "Former LIFE faculty"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-18", "title": "Effects Of No-Tillage Systems On Soil Physical Properties And Carbon Sequestration Under Long-Term Wheat\u2013Maize Double Cropping System", "description": "A thorough assessment of changes in soil quality associated with soil management practices is vital for the selection and establishment of sustainable agricultural management The winter wheat (Triticurn aestivum L)-maize (Zea mays L) double cropping system was used to study the integrated effects of a 9-year-old tillage coupled with fertilization on soil carbon sequestration and other physical properties in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). Three tillage systems were selected: no-tillage with. straw cover plus recommended urea nitrogen rate (NTS), no-tillage with straw removed and manure applied plus recommended urea nitrogen rate (NTM), and conventional tillage with straw removed plus conventional urea nitrogen application rate (CT). There were three replicates of each treatment organized in a randomized block design. NTS and NTM treatments were found to result in a slightly decrease in the soil bulk density (BD), and significantly increased the proportion of water stable aggregates (WSA) (>2 mm), as well as the water infiltration capacity. The proportion of water stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm), the mean weight diameter (MWD) and the geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates in the 0-20 cm layer were unchanged by NTS and NTM. The total soil organic carbon (SOC) stock at a depth of 0-60 cm was not significantly different among the treatments. Both aggregate-associated SOC concentration and stocks (0-5 cm) were significantly greater for NTS and NTM compared with CT, while CT led to a greater OC accumulation in the 20-60 cm soil layer compared with NTS and in the 10-20 cm compared with NTM. The mesoaggregate fraction (2-0.25 mm) and its associated OC pool accounted for the highest percentages in the whole soil profile under the CT treatment The NT system was found to have a positive effect on the investigated soil physical properties and increase soil carbon content in the soil surface layer. The CT system in conjunction with the wheat-maize double cropping system, however, improved soil aggregation in the soil profile (0-60 cm) and also maintained a higher fraction of SOC in the subsoil compared with the NT systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106207", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-08", "title": "Dynamic Management Zones for Irrigation Scheduling", "description": "Open AccessIrrigation scheduling decision-support tools can improve water use efficiency by matching irrigation recommendations to prevailing soil and crop conditions within a season. Yet, little research is available on how to support real-time precision irrigation that varies within-season in both time and space. We investigate the integration of remotely sensed NDVI time-series, soil moisture sensor measurements, and root zone simulation forecasts for in-season delineation of dynamic management zones (MZ) and for a variable rate irrigation scheduling in order to improve irrigation scheduling and crop performance. Delineation of MZ was conducted in a 5.8-ha maize field during 2018 using Sentinel-2 NDVI time-series and an unsupervised classification. The number and spatial extent of MZs changed through the growing season. A network of soil moisture sensors was used to interpret spatiotemporal changes of the NDVI. Soil water content was a significant contributor to changes in crop vigor across MZs through the growing season. Real-time cluster validity function analysis provided in-season evaluation of the MZ design. For example, the total within-MZ daily soil moisture relative variance decreased from 85% (early vegetative stages) to below 25% (late reproductive stages). Finally, using the Hydrus-1D model, a workflow for in-season optimization of irrigation scheduling and water delivery management was tested. Data simulations indicated that crop transpiration could be optimized while reducing water applications between 11 and 28.5% across the dynamic MZs. The proposed integration of spatiotemporal crop and soil moisture data can be used to support management decisions to effectively control outputs of crop \u00d7 environment \u00d7 management interactions.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Irrigation -- Management -- Mathematical models", "Precision agriculture", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidr\u00e0ulica", "Hydrus-1D", "Temporal variability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Remote sensing", "15. Life on land", "Spatial variability", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "631", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidr\u00e0ulica", " mar\u00edtima i sanit\u00e0ria::Canals i regadius", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil moisture", "Regatge -- Optimitzaci\u00f3 matem\u00e0tica", "mar\u00edtima i sanit\u00e0ria::Canals i regadius"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106207"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106207", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106207", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106207"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-24", "title": "Soil Carbon Dioxide Flux, Carbon Sequestration And Crop Productivity In A Tropical Dryland Agroecosystem: Influence Of Organic Inputs Of Varying Resource Quality", "description": "Abstract In view of the significance of agricultural soils in affecting global C balance, the impact of manipulation of the quality of exogenous inputs on soil CO 2 \u2013C flux was studied in rice\u2013barley annual rotation tropical dryland agroecosystem. Chemical fertilizer, Sesbania shoot (high quality resources), wheat straw (low quality resource) and Sesbania \u00a0+\u00a0wheat straw (high\u00a0+\u00a0low quality), all carrying equivalent recommended dose of N, were added to soil. A distinct seasonal variation in CO 2 \u2013C flux was recorded in all treatments, flux being higher during rice period, and much reduced during barley and summer fallow periods. During rice period the mean CO 2 \u2013C flux was greater in wheat straw (161% increase over control) and Sesbania \u00a0+\u00a0wheat straw (+129%) treatments; however, during barley and summer fallow periods differences among treatments were small. CO 2 \u2013C flux was more influenced by seasonal variations in water-filled pore space compared to soil temperature. In contrast, the role of microbial biomass and live crop roots in regulating soil CO 2 \u2013C flux was highly limited. Wheat straw input showed smaller microbial biomass with a tendency of rapid turnover rate resulting in highest cumulative CO 2 \u2013C flux. The Sesbania input exhibited larger microbial biomass with slower turnover rate, leading to lower cumulative CO 2 \u2013C flux. Addition of Sesbania to wheat straw showed higher cumulative CO 2 \u2013C flux yet supported highest microbial biomass with lowest turnover rate indicating stabilization of microbial biomass. Although single application of wheat straw or Sesbania showed comparable net change in soil C (18% and 15% relative to control, respectively) and crop productivity (32% and 38%), yet they differed significantly in soil C balance (374 and \u22123\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 respectively), a response influenced by the recalcitrant and labile nature of the inputs. Combining the two inputs resulted in significant increment in net change in soil C (33% over control) and crop yield (49%) in addition to high C balance (152\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0y \u22121 ). It is suggested that appropriate mixing of high and low quality inputs may contribute to improved crop productivity and soil fertility in terms of soil C sequestration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K. P. Singh, Sonu Singh, Nandita Ghoshal,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-09", "title": "Influence Of Mouldboard Plough And Rotary Harrow Tillage On Microbial Biomass And Nutrient Stocks In Two Long-Term Experiments On Loess Derived Luvisols", "description": "Abstract The nutrient-specific effects of tillage on microbial activity (basal respiration), microbial biomass (C, N, P, S) indices and the fungal cell-membrane component ergosterol were examined in two long-term experiments on loess derived Luvisols. A mouldboard plough (30\u00a0cm tillage depth) treatment was compared with a rotary harrow (8\u00a0cm tillage depth) treatment over a period of approximately 40 years. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant 8% increase in the mean stocks of soil organic C, 6% of total N and 4% of total P at 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth compared with the plough treatment, but had no main effect on the stocks of total S. The tillage effects were identical at both sites, but the differences between the sites of the two experiments were usually stronger than those between the two tillage treatments. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant increase in the mean stocks of microbial biomass C (+18%), N (+25%), and P (+32%) and to a significant decrease in the stocks of ergosterol (\u221226%) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth, but had no main effect on the stocks of microbial biomass S or on the mean basal respiration rate. The mean microbial biomass C/N (6.4) and C/P (25) ratios were not affected by the tillage treatments. In contrast, the microbial biomass C/S ratio was significantly increased from 34 to 43 and the ergosterol-to-microbial biomass C ratio significantly decreased from 0.20% to 0.13% in the rotary harrow in comparison with the plough treatment. The microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio varied around 2.1% in the plough treatment and declined from 2.6% at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth to 2.0 at 20\u201330\u00a0cm depth in the rotary harrow treatment. The metabolic quotient qCO2 revealed exactly the inverse relationships with depth and treatment to the microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio. Rotary harrow management caused a reduction in the microbial turnover in combination with an improved microbial substrate use efficiency and a lower contribution of saprotrophic fungi to the soil microbial community. This contrasts the view reported elsewhere and points to the need for more information on tillage-induced shifts within the fungal community in arable soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-19", "title": "Evaluating bioelectrochemically-assisted constructed wetland (METland\u00ae) for treating wastewater: Analysis of materials, performance and electroactive communities", "description": "METland\u00ae technology consists of a bioengineering strategy for treating wastewater by integrating microbial electrochemical concepts into constructed wetland systems to enhance pollutants removal. In this context, we have constructed planted (Iris sibirica) biofilters to assess the impact of different electrically conductive bed materials (electroconductive coke, electroconductive biochar, non-electroconductive biochar and gravel) by analyzing the (i) wastewater treatment efficiency (COD and nitrogen removal), (ii) bioelectrochemical response, and (iii) diversity of microbial communities. Electrically conductive materials outperformed non-conductive ones allowing removal rates as high as 175-180 gCOD/bed*m3 day capable to support footprint as low 0.4 m2/pe. In contrast, the highest nitrogen removal rates were achieved with non-conductive biochar in presence of plants (80 %) regardless the anoxic conditions of the assay. This was confirmed by the presence of annamox bacteria like Planctomycetes. Furthermore, the presence of a marked electric potential profile along the bed height in electroconductive materials together with redox pairs (cyclic voltammetry analysis) demonstrated an effective electron flow from bottom to uppermost layers of the bed (geoconductor mechanism). In electroconductive biochar, such effective conductivity-based model co-exists with a geobattery mechanism due to presence of electroactive phenolic and carbonyl/quinone groups and/or microporosity. Microbial biodiversity analysis revealed the impact of plants just at the upper layers of the biofilters where roots and Rhizobium predominate. Bacteria from genus Clostridium were dominant in gravel inert material; in contrast, bacteria from genus Geobacter (12%) and Trichococcus (30%) outcompete the rest of communities for an effective colonization of carbonaceous beds, suggesting their main role as part of the electrosyntrophies mechanism after METland\u00ae.", "keywords": ["Electroactive bacteria", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Metland\u00ae", "Electroconductive biochar", "Wastewater treatment", "QD Chemistry", "6. Clean water", "Constructed wetland", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Microbial electrochemistry", "TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135748"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-01", "title": "Effect of the growth medium composition on nitrate accumulation in the novel protein crop Lemna minor", "description": "Duckweed is a potential alternative protein source for food and feed. However, little is known about the nitrate accumulation in this plant. A high nitrate level in vegetables can indirectly lead to an elevated intake of nitrites and N-nitroso compounds, increasing the risk of diseases for humans and animals. This research hypothesizes that the nitrate accumulation of Lemna minor differs between growing media. Additionally, it evaluates whether legal safety levels of nitrate for human and animal intake are exceeded. The duckweed was grown on (i) rainwater, and (ii) three synthetic media containing different nutrient levels. Furthermore, (iii) biological effluent of swine manure treatment and (iv) aquaculture effluent from pikeperch production were used, as these are potential media for closing nutrient loops in the agriculture sector. It was found that nitrate levels increased with the increasing availability of macronutrients in the water, and pH showed a particularly strong negative correlation with the nitrate levels in the plant. Nevertheless, nitrate content never exceeded 530\u00a0mg NO3 kg-1 fresh weight. To conclude, Lemna minor's nitrate content was below safety limits for human consumption in all tested growing media; however, a potential risk for ruminants was observed as these are more sensitive to nitrate conversions in their gastro-intestinal track.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "SAMPLES", "Wastewater", "NUTRIENTS", "01 natural sciences", "Food safety", "BIOMASS", "03 medical and health sciences", "Crude protein", "Vegetables", "Lemnaceae", "Animals", "Araceae", "Humans", "Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "PLANT", "FRUITS", "VEGETABLES", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrates", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "Agricultural effluents", "NITRITE CONTENT", "Agriculture", "General Medicine", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Pollution", "DUCKWEEDS LEMNACEAE", "6. Clean water", "Culture Media", "NITROGEN", "Feed safety", "Health", "Public Health", "Dietary Proteins"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology%20and%20Environmental%20Safety", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108393", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-20", "title": "Estimating stomatal conductance and evapotranspiration of winter wheat using a soil-plant water relations-based stress index", "description": "Open AccessThis research was supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1706211, 51790532), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200303, 2017YFE0118100), and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Project SHui, grant agreement No 773903.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Water stress", "Penman-Monteith", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil-plant water relations", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil matric potential", "15. Life on land", "Jarvis model", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108393"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108393", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108393", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108393"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-24", "title": "Quantitative characterization of pore structure of several biochars with 3D imaging", "description": "Open Access16 pages, 4 figures. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x", "keywords": ["x-ray tomography", "Condensed Matter - Materials Science", "soil amendment", "pore structure", "ta1171", "ta1182", "Water", "Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Diffusion", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "image analysis", "Charcoal", "Image Processing", " Computer-Assisted", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "Porosity", "soil amendments", "ta218", "water retention", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11356-017-8823-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-19", "title": "Life Cycle Assessment In Green Chemistry: Overview Of Key Parameters And Methodological Concerns", "description": "Several articles within the area of green chemistry often promote new techniques or products as \u2018green\u2019 or \u2018more environmentally benign\u2019 than their conventional counterpart although these articles often do not quantitatively assess the environmental performance. In order to do this, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a valuable methodology. However, on the planning stage, a full-scale LCA is considered to be too time consuming and complicated. Two reasons for this have been recognised, the method is too comprehensive and it is hard to find inventory data. In this review, key parameters are presented with the purpose to reduce the time-consuming steps in LCA. In this review, several LCAs of so-called \u2018green chemicals\u2019 are analysed and key parameters and methodological concerns are identified. Further, some conclusions on the environmental performance of chemicals were drawn. For fossil-based platform chemicals several LCAs exists but for chemicals produced with industrial biotechnology or from renewable resources the number of LCAs is limited, with the exception of biofuels, for which a large number of studies are made. In the review, a significant difference in the environmental performance of bulk and fine chemicals was identified. The environmental performance of bulk chemicals are closely connected to the production of the raw material and thereby different land use aspects. Here, a lot can be learnt from biofuel LCAs. In many of the reviewed articles focusing on bulk chemicals a comparison regarding fossil and renewable raw material was done. In most of the comparisons the renewable alternative turned out to be more environmentally preferable, especially for the impact on GWP and energy use. However, some environmental concerns were identified as important to include to assess overall environmental concern, for example eutrophication and the use of land. To assess the environmental performance of green chemicals, quantitative methods are needed. For this purpose, both simple metrics and more comprehensive methods have been developed, one recognised method being LCA. However, this method is often too time consuming to be valuable in the process planning stage. This is partly due to a lack of available inventory data, but also because the method itself is too comprehensive. Here, key parameters for the environmental performance and methodological concerns were described to facilitate a faster and simpler use of LCA of green chemicals in the future.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-012-0500-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-05", "title": "Crop Yields, Soil Fertility And Phosphorus Fractions In Response To Long-Term Fertilization Under The Rice Monoculture System On A Calcareous Soil", "description": "Abstract A 14-year field trial was conducted on a calcareous soil to evaluate the effects of continuous rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping and fertilization on crop yield, soil fertility and phosphorus fractions. The application of N and P enhanced rice yields, while K had no yield-increasing effect because of large available soil K resource. The soil organic carbon remained at a stable level except for a decrease in the unfertilized treatment after 1988. Total N did not show clear changes with time or between treatments despite some fluctuation. The available soil K trend after 1985 as well as the comparison between treatments indicated clearly decreasing available soil K, particularly in the NP treatment. Available soil P significantly decreased in the P-omitted treatments, but remained at a stable level in the P-applied treatments with time. Of the total inorganic P (Pi), Ca phosphates (Ca-P) were the dominant Pi forms, accounting for 69\u201371%, followed by Fe phosphates (Fe-P), P occluded within Fe oxides (O-P) and then Al phosphates (Al-P). Of the Ca-P fractions, Ca2-P [CaHPO4\u00b7nH2O], Ca8-P [Ca8H2(PO4)6\u00b7nH2O] and Ca10-P [Ca10(PO4)6\u00b7(OH)2] accounted for 3.1\u20136.2, 5.8\u20136.4 and 87\u201391%, respectively. The NK treatment had significant Ca2-P depletion with time compared with the NPK treatment, and the similar trend was observed for Ca8-P despite decreasing Ca8-P with time for the two treatments. In the NK treatment, Ca2-P and Ca8-P had a good correlation with Olsen-P. The significant changes with time were not observed for Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P. The P application caused a weak accumulation of Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P, but had no significant effect on total Pi over time. The results suggest that (i) P application is indispensable to maintain high yields of rice under N application and (ii) there was a substantial P release from Ca2-P and Ca8-P linked to P uptake by crops. Hence, soil indigenous P supply, P transformation and the yield responses to fertilizer P application must be synthetically considered to optimize fertilization strategies for irrigated rice production on the calcareous soil at the experimental site.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "070300 Crop and Pasture Production", "0703 (four-digit-FOR)", "Flooding", "etc.)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "300105 Applied Hydrology (Drainage", "Irrigation", "Quality", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-01", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Amendments On The Quality Of A Typical Midwestern Agricultural Soil", "description": "Abstract Biochar, a co-product of thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials into advanced biofuels, may be used as a soil amendment to enhance the sustainability of biomass harvesting. We investigated the impact of biochar amendments (0, 5, 10, and 20\u00a0g-biochar\u00a0kg\u2212\u00a01 soil) on the quality of a Clarion soil (Mesic Typic Hapludolls), collected (0\u201315\u00a0cm) in Boone County, Iowa. Repacked soil columns were incubated for 500\u00a0days at 25\u00a0\u00b0C and 80% relative humidity. On week 12, 5\u00a0g of dried and ground swine manure was incorporated into the upper 3\u00a0cm of soil for half of the columns. Once each week, all columns were leached with 200\u00a0mL of 0.001\u00a0M CaCl2. Soil bulk density increased with time for all columns and was significantly lower for biochar amended soils relative to the un-amended soils. The biochar amended soils retained more water at gravity drained equilibrium (up to 15%), had greater water retention at \u2212\u00a01 and \u22125\u00a0bars soil water matric potential, (13 and 10% greater, respectively), larger specific surface areas (up to 18%), higher cation exchange capacities (up to 20%), and pH values (up to 1 pH unit) relative to the un-amended controls. No effect of biochar on saturated hydraulic conductivity was detected. The biochar amendments significantly increased total N (up to 7%), organic C (up to 69%), and Mehlich III extractable P, K, Mg and Ca but had no effect on Mehlich III extractable S, Cu, and Zn. The results indicate that biochar amendments have the potential to substantially improve the quality and fertility status of Midwestern agricultural soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil Science", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "630", "333", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Black carbon", "Geochemistry", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Laird, David, Fleming, Pierce, Davis, Dedrick, Horton, Robert, Karlen, Douglas, Wang, Baiqun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-01", "title": "Organic Matter Stabilization In Soil Aggregates: Understanding The Biogeochemical Mechanisms That Determine The Fate Of Carbon Inputs In Soils", "description": "Abstract We studied the biochemical and biophysical processes of carbon sequestration in an intensive agroforestry system on two soils (Feralsol \u2013 Luero; Arenosol \u2013 Teso) in W. Kenya to elucidate the mechanisms associated with long-term carbon storage. Specifically, we looked at a top-down model (macro-aggregates form around organic matter particles and micro-aggregates form within the macro-aggregates) and a bottom-up model (micro-aggregates form independently and are incorporated into macro-aggregates) of soil aggregate formation. Soil samples were collected from experiments on improved tree fallows using different species and two tillage treatments; water-stable aggregates were extracted and sorted into three size classes: macro-aggregates (>\u00a0212\u00a0\u03bcm), meso-aggregates (53\u2013212\u00a0\u03bcm) and micro-aggregates (20\u201353\u00a0\u03bcm). Organic matter characterization of each fraction was based on 13C isotope abundance, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the abundance of polysaccharides. Improved fallows increased soil C by 0.28 and 0.26\u00a0kg m\u00ad2 in the top 20\u00a0cm of the soil profile in Luero and Teso, respectively. Tillage altered the distribution of aggregates among size classes. Changes in the \u03b413C signature in each fraction indicated that more of the new carbon was found in the macro-aggregates (35\u201370%) and meso-aggregates (18\u201349%) in Luero and less (9\u201317%) was found in the micro-aggregates. In Teso, about 40\u201380% of the new aggregate C was found in the meso-aggregates, 14\u201345% was found in the micro-aggregates and only 4\u201326% was found in the macro-aggregates. The meso-aggregates and macro-aggregates to a lesser extent, in both sites, were enriched in carboxylic-C and aromatic-C, indicating the importance of OM decomposition and plant-derived C in the stabilization of larger aggregates, supporting the top-down model of aggregate formation. Microbially derived polysaccharides play a leading role in the formation of stable micro-aggregates and carboxylic-C promotes stabilization through surface occlusion. This bottom-up process is essential to promote long-term carbon sequestration in soils. Additionally, the micro-aggregates at both sites were enriched in polysaccharides and had elevated ratios of galactose + mannose:arabinose + xylose than the other aggregate fractions, indicating the importance of microbial processes in the formation of stable micro-aggregates and supporting the bottom-up model.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Aggregates", "fallow", "C-13", "carbon", "Carbohydrates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "540", "630", "6. Clean water", "soil", "Improved", "FTIR", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.138949", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-01", "title": "Electrifying secondary settlers to enhance nitrogen and pathogens removals", "description": "Economic options to retrofit wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) without tertiary treatments need to be explored. In this regard, bioelectrochemical systems (BES) can be hybridized with existing technologies, upgrading the removal performance of original techniques while avoiding replacement costs. Yet, few demonstrations of merged systems have been given. For the first time, in this work it was built a lab-scale model of a BES merged with a secondary settler, namely e-settler, to enhance the polishing performance of already existing WWTPs. In particular, to concomitantly increase nitrogen removal and perform wastewater (WW) disinfection, avoiding further tertiary treatments. In the e-settlers, nitrogen removal was increased through bioelectrochemical stimulation. Concomitant ammonium and nitrate removal without nitrite accumulation and a negligible amount of nitrous oxide emissions were observed. Ti-MMO as anode material showed a high disinfectant action. In conclusion, it was demonstrated how a simple bioelectrochemical set-up can upgrade existing WWTPs. The following step requires the study at a larger scale, identifying optimal operational and structural parameters for the in-situ application. The main limitations of the e-settlers were discussed, linking them to possible solutions that need to be deepened in a lab-scale model of conventional secondary treatments (activated sludge followed by secondary settler) This work was funded through: the ELECTRA project [grant agreement no. 826244], which was financially supported by the Horizon 2020 programme of the European Union; the NSFC-EU Environmental Biotechnology joint program (No. 31861133001); the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province (No. 2020CXGC011202). S.P is a Serra H\u00fanter Fellow (UdG-AG-575) and acknowledges the funding from the ICREA Academia award. LEQUiA [2017-SGR-1552] has been recognized as consolidated research group by the Catalan Government Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevier", "keywords": ["Sewage -- Purification -- Nitrogen removal", "Bioelectrochemical system; Wastewater; Ammonium; Nitrate; Secondary treatments; Disinfection", "Aig\u00fces residuals -- Plantes de tractament", "Aig\u00fces residuals -- Depuraci\u00f3 -- Desnitrificaci\u00f3", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Sewage disposal plants", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/897560/1/Botti%20et%20al_Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal_2023_451-138949.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.138949"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Engineering%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.138949", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cej.2022.138949", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cej.2022.138949"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-04", "title": "Carbon Mineralization In Two Ultisols Amended With Different Sources And Particle Sizes Of Pyrolyzed Biochar", "description": "Biochar produced during pyrolysis has the potential to enhance soil fertility and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The influence of biochar properties (e.g., particle size) on both short- and long-term carbon (C) mineralization of biochar remains unclear. There is minimal information on the potential effects of biochar particle sizes on their breakdowns by soil microorganism, so it is unknown if the particle size of biochar influences C mineralization rate and/or stability in soils. In order to evaluate the effect of different sources (BS) and particle sizes (BF) of biochar on C loss and/or stability in soils, an incubation study on C mineralization of different biochar sources and particle sizes was established using two soils (ST): Norfolk soil (fine loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, typic Kandiudults) and Coxville soil (fine loamy kaolinitic, thermic, Paleaquults). In separate incubation vessels, these soils were amended with one of two manure-based biochars (poultry litters, PL; swine solids, SS) or one of two lignocellulosic-based biochars (switchgrass, SG; pine chips, PC) which were processed into two particle sizes (dust, <0.42 mm; pellet, >2 mm). The amount of CO2 evolved varied significantly between soils (p\u22640.0001); particle sizes (p\u22640.0001) and the interactions of biochar source (p\u22640.001) and forms of biochars (p\u22640.0001) with soil types. Averaged across soils and sources of biochar, CO2-C evolved from dust-sized biochar (281 mg kg(-1)) was significantly higher than pellet-sized biochar (226 mg kg(-1)). Coxville soils with SS biochar produced the greatest average CO2-C of 428 mg kg(-1) and Norfolk soils with PC had the lowest CO2-C production (93 mg kg(-1)). Measured rates of carbon mineralization also varied with soils and sources of biochar (Norfolk: PL>SS>SG\u2265PC; Coxville: PC>SG>SS>PL). The average net CO2-C evolved from the Coxville soils (385 mg kg(-1)) was about threefold more than the CO2-C evolved from the Norfolk soils (123 mg kg(-1)). Our results suggest different particle sizes and sources of biochar as well as soil type influence biochar stability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Hot Temperature", "Swine", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Poultry", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Particle Size", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-26", "title": "Poor Efficacy Of Herbicides In Biochar-Amended Soils As Affected By Their Chemistry And Mode Of Action", "description": "We evaluated wheat straw biochar produced at 450\u00b0C for its ability to influence bioavailability and persistence of two commonly used herbicides (atrazine and trifluralin) with different modes of action (photosynthesis versus root tip mitosis inhibitors) in two contrasting soils. The biochar was added to soils at 0%, 0.5% and 1.0% (w/w) and the herbicides were applied to those soil-biochar mixes at nil, half, full, two times, and four times, the recommended dosage (H(4)). Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) was grown in biochar amended soils for 1 month. Biochar had a positive impact on ryegrass survival rate and above-ground biomass at most of the application rates, and particularly at H(4). Within any given biochar treatment, increasing herbicide application decreased the survival rate and fresh weight of above-ground biomass. Biomass production across the biochar treatment gradient significantly differed (p<0.01) and was more pronounced in the case of atrazine than trifluralin. For example, the dose-response analysis showed that in the presence of 1% biochar in soil, the value of GR(50) (i.e. the dose required to reduce weed biomass by 50%) for atrazine increased by 3.5 times, whereas it increased only by a factor of 1.6 in the case of trifluralin. The combination of the chemical properties and the mode of action governed the extent of biochar-induced reduction in bioavailability of herbicides. The greater biomass of ryegrass in the soil containing the highest biochar (despite having the highest herbicide residues) demonstrates decreased bioavailability of the chemicals caused by the wheat straw biochar. This work clearly demonstrates decreased efficacy of herbicides in biochar amended soils. The role played by herbicide chemistry and mode of action will have major implications in choosing the appropriate application rates for biochar amended soils.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Bioavailability", "Herbicides", "Bound residue", "Weed control", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", "6. Clean water", "Trifluralin", "Persistence", "Biochar", "Soil", "Charcoal", "Lolium", "Atrazine", "Biomass", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-22", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Application To A Mediterranean Wheat Crop On Soil Microbial Activity And Greenhouse Gas Fluxes", "description": "Biochar has been recently proposed as a management strategy to improve crop productivity and global warming mitigation. However, the effect of such approach on soil greenhouse gas fluxes is highly uncertain and few data from field experiments are available. In a field trial, cultivated with wheat, biochar was added to the soil (3 or 6 kg m(-2)) in two growing seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) so to monitor the effect of treatments on microbial parameters 3 months and 14 months after char addition. N(2)O, CH(4) and CO(2) fluxes were measured in the field during the first year after char addition. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH (from 5.2 to 6.7) and the rates of net N mineralization, soil microbial respiration and denitrification activity in the first 3 months, but after 14 months treated and control plots did not differ significantly. No changes in total microbial biomass and net nitrification rate were observed. In char treated plots, soil N(2)O fluxes were from 26% to 79% lower than N(2)O fluxes in control plots, excluding four sampling dates after the last fertilization with urea, when N(2)O emissions were higher in char treated plots. However, due to the high spatial variability, the observed differences were rarely significant. No significant differences of CH(4) fluxes and field soil respiration were observed among different treatments, with just few exceptions. Overall the char treatments showed a minimal impact on microbial parameters and GHG fluxes over the first 14 months after biochar incorporation.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "Nitrous Oxide", "Biochar; CH; 4; CO; 2; Denitrification; N; 2; O; Nitrification;", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "CH4", "Bacteria", "N2O", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Gases", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-20", "title": "The Effects Of N And P Additions On Microbial N Transformations And Biomass On Saline-Alkaline Grassland Of Loess Plateau Of Northern China", "description": "AbstractMicrobial nutrient transformation plays an important role in regulating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil N and P contents also control microbial nutrient transformations. However, there is still dispute on how N and P additions affect microbial activity and N transformations. A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of N and P on microbial N transformations and biomass in saline-alkaline grassland in Loess Plateau of northern China during growing season in 2009. N was added at a rate of 10gNm\u22122 y\u22121 in the form of NH4NO3. P was added at a rate of 5g P m\u22122 y\u22121 in the form of P2O5\u2212. We measured the in situ net ammonification rate (Ramm), and nitrification rate (Rnit) once a month from May to October; we also measured potential soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and potential microbial respiration (MR) once a month in laboratory.ResultsDuring the whole growing seasons, P addition significantly stimulated soil inorganic N pool, soil extractable C, soil extractable N pool, Rmin, and the metabolic quotient (qCO2) from the estimates of microbial respiration and microbial biomass carbon, and there was no effect on peak aboveground biomass, MBC, MBN and MR during the whole growing seasons in 2009. N addition significantly increased peak aboveground biomass, inorganic N pool, Rmin, MBN, MR, and qCO2, decreased soil extractable C and the ratio of MBC/MBN, and there was no effect on soil extractable N and MBC during the growing season in 2009. P addition increased the soil net N mineralization rate and N addition not only increased the soil net N mineralization rate but also increased microbial biomass N. We observed that P induced a decreased soil inorganic N pool, but N addition directly increased soil inorganic N pool, how to balance the quantity of N and P additions in agriculture system is an important technique in agriculture harvest in the future in Loess Plateau of Northern China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "4. Education", "Microbial biomass", "N mineralization", "Soil Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Microbial respiration", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Saline\u2013alkaline soil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhu Feng, Dong Kuanhu, Zhao Xiang, Wang Changhui,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116862", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-27", "title": "Is the organic carbon-to-clay ratio a reliable indicator of soil health?", "description": "Climate action plans under the Paris Climate Agreement and other national commitments aimed at improving soil-based ecosystem services require the operational monitoring of soil carbon (C). The European Union is aiming to enhance soil health, and as part of the proposed Soil Monitoring Law, the European Commission recommends the monitoring of the soil C loss indicator among other soil health indicators. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of the proposed soil C loss indicator by assessing its performance using the EU-wide 2009 LUCAS soil survey data. The proposed indicator is the soil organic carbon (SOC) to clay ratio, with a threshold value of 1:13. The results are also compared with the C stock changes reported by countries to the climate convention (UNFCCC). Our results reveal that the variation in SOC and clay content at European scale exceeds that of the data used to develop the proposed indicator. We also found that the variation in the SOC content was influenced not only by clay content but also by climate and land-use reflecting C input levels. Therefore, the defined threshold is inadequate for detecting degraded soils if the SOC and clay content are beyond the conditions used to establish the criteria. Furthermore, major discrepancies were observed between the soil carbon stock changes reported by the national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories and the proportions of degraded soils identified by using the soil C loss indicator. We conclude that employing a single indicator such as SOC:Clay ratio with one threshold value for all soils across various land covers, management practices, and climatic conditions, as defined by the European Commission for the Soil Monitoring Law, is inappropriate for monitoring soil C loss.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agricultural soil", "550", "Forest soil", " agricultural soil", "Science", "Q", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "Soil monitoring", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SOC:Clay ratio", "15. Life on land", "forest soil", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "soil monitoring", "LUCAS soil survey", "11. Sustainability", "soc:clay ratio", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "European mineral soils", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116862"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116862", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116862", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116862"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136146", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-26", "title": "Phytoextraction of Cu, Cd, Zn and As in four shrubs and trees growing on soil contaminated with mining waste", "description": "Mining activity has degraded large extensions of soil and its waste is composed of metals, anthropogenic chemicals, and sterile rocks. The use of native species in the recovery of polluted soils improves the conditions for the emergence of other species, tending to a process of ecosystem restoration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation of metal(loid)s in four species of native plants and the effect of their distribution and bioavailability in soil with waste from an abandoned gold mine. Soil samples were taken from two sites in La Planta, San Juan, Argentina: Site 1 and Site 2 (mining waste and reference soil, respectively). In Site 1, vegetative organ samples were taken from Larrea cuneifolia, Bulnesia retama, Plectrocarpa tetracantha, and Prosopis flexuosa. The concentration of metal(loid)s in soil from Site 1 were Zn\u00a0>\u00a0As\u00a0>\u00a0Cu\u00a0>\u00a0Cd, reaching values of 7123, 6516, 240 and 76\u00a0mg\u00a0kg-1, respectively. The contamination indices were among the highest categories of contamination for all four metal(loid)s. The spatial interpolation analysis showed the effect of the vegetation as the lowest concentration of metal(loid)s were found in rhizospheric soil. The maximum concentrations of As, Cu, Cd and Zn found in vegetative organs were 371, 461, 28, and 1331\u00a0mg\u00a0kg-1, respectively. L. cuneifolia and B. retama presented high concentrations of Cu and Zn. The most concentrated metal(loid)s in P. tetracantha and P. flexuosa were Zn, As and Cu. Cd was the least concentrated metal in all four species. The values of BAF and TF were greater than one for all four species. In conclusion, the different phytoextraction capacities and the adaptations to arid environments of these four species are an advantage for future phytoremediation strategies. Their application contributes to the ecological restoration and risk reduction, allowing the recovery of ecosystem services.", "keywords": ["Biodisponibilidad", "Bioavailability", "BIOAVAILABILITY", "Soil pollution", "01 natural sciences", "Mining", "Trees", "Bioacumulaci\u00f3n", "SOIL POLLUTION", "Soil", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5", "Metals", " Heavy", "Poluci\u00f3n del Suelo", "Metales", "Soil Pollutants", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Metal", "Abandoned mine", "ABANDONED MINE", "PHYTOREMEDIATION", "BIOACCUMULATION", "15. Life on land", "Bioaccumulation", "6. Clean water", "Phytoremediation", "Zinc", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "METAL", "Miner\u00eda", "Fitodecontaminaci\u00f3n", "Gold", "Soil Pollution", "Cadmium", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136146"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136146", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136146", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136146"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137472", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-07", "title": "Assembled mixed co-cultures for emerging pollutant removal using native microorganisms from sewage sludge", "description": "The global pharmaceutical pollution caused by drug consumption (>100,000 tonnes) and its disposal into the environment is an issue which is currently being addressed by bioremediation techniques, using single or multiple microorganisms. Nevertheless, the low efficiency and the selection of non-compatible species interfere with the success of this methodology. This paper proposes a novel way of obtaining an effective multi-domain co-culture, with the capacity to degrade multi-pharmaceutical compounds simultaneously. To this end, seven microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) previously isolated from sewage sludge were investigated to enhance their degradation performance. All seven strains were factorially mixed and used to assemble different artificial co-cultures. Consequently, 127 artificial co-cultures were established and ranked, based on their fitness performance, by using the BSocial analysis web tool. The individual strains were categorized according to their social behaviour, whose net effect over the remaining strains was defined as 'Positive', 'Negative' or 'Neutral'. To evaluate the emerging-pollutant degradation rate, the best 10 co-cultures, and those which contained the social strains were then challenged with three different Pharmaceutical Active compounds (PhACs): diclofenac, carbamazepine and ketoprofen. The co-cultures with the fungi Penicillium oxalicum XD-3.1 and Penicillium rastrickii were able to degrade PhACs. However, the highest performance (>80% degradation) was obtained by the minimal active microbial consortia consisting of both Penicillium spp., Cladosporium cladosporoides and co-existing bacteria. These consortia transformed the PhACs to derivate molecules through hydroxylation and were released to the media, resulting in a low ecotoxicity effect. High-throughput screening of co-cultures provides a quick, reliable and efficient method to narrow down suitable degradation co-cultures for emerging PhAC contaminants while avoiding toxic metabolic derivatives.", "keywords": ["Sewage", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "HTGrowth", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "Coculture Techniques", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Pollutants", "BSocial", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137472"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137472", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137472", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137472"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:18:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9plication pour\u00a0: Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France", "description": "These data concern the study 'Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France' Karimi B, Terrat S, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Horrigue W, Leli\u00e8vre M, Nowak V, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Bispo A, Maron PA, Bour\u00e9 NCP, Ranjard L. Sci Adv. 2018 Jul 4;4(7):eaat1808. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1808 and is based on data from the RMQS program (French Soil Quality Monitoring Network). The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site. These soil analyses were carried out by the Soil Analysis Laboratory of INRAE (Arras, France). The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009 and the second campaign has begun in 2016. At each site, 25 core samples were taken by layer with an auger within a 20 m \u00d7 20 m plot and combined into a composite sample. Analyses used in this study only concern the surface layer (generally 0\u201330 cm layer) of samplings from the first campaign in metropolitan France. The dataset published contains all the raw data used in the statistical analysis in order to make them available for any further study. The table contains soil properties, observations on land use, and coordinates. We warn the user that coordinates published here are not the right coordinates, the RMQS site can be located until 1 km around this point. Real coordinates can not be made publicly available because of confidential information.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "silt", "Earth and Environmental Science", "cation exchange capacity", "Evapotranspiration", "Soils and soil sciences", "pH", "land use", "clay", "sand", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil", "air temperature", "soil organic carbon", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "calcium carbonate", "phosphorus content", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences", "altitude"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas, Boulonne, Line, Rati\u00e9, C\u00e9line, Arrouays, Dominique, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Bispo, Antonio, Jolivet, Claudy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1462-2920.13954", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-18", "title": "Application of stable-isotope labelling techniques for the detection of active diazotrophs", "description": "SummaryInvestigating active participants in the fixation of dinitrogen gas is vital as N is often a limiting factor for primary production. Biological nitrogen fixation is performed by a diverse guild of bacteria and archaea (diazotrophs), which can be free\uffe2\uff80\uff90living or symbionts. Free\uffe2\uff80\uff90living diazotrophs are widely distributed in the environment, yet our knowledge about their identity and ecophysiology is still limited. A major challenge in investigating this guild is inferring activity from genetic data as this process is highly regulated. To address this challenge, we evaluated and improved several 15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90based methods for detecting N2 fixation activity (with a focus on soil samples) and studying active diazotrophs. We compared the acetylene reduction assay and the 15N2 tracer method and demonstrated that the latter is more sensitive in samples with low activity. Additionally, tracing 15N into microbial RNA provides much higher sensitivity compared to bulk soil analysis. Active soil diazotrophs were identified with a 15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90RNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP approach optimized for environmental samples and benchmarked to 15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP. Lastly, we investigated the feasibility of using SIP\uffe2\uff80\uff90Raman microspectroscopy for detecting 15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelled cells. Taken together, these tools allow identifying and investigating active free\uffe2\uff80\uff90living diazotrophs in a highly sensitive manner in diverse environments, from bulk to the single\uffe2\uff80\uff90cell level.
", "keywords": ["Spectrum Analysis", " Raman", "BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS", "106005 Bioinformatik", "106023 Molekularbiologie", "Nitrogen Fixation", "REVEALS", "FLUORESCENCE", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "SPECTROSCOPY", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen Isotopes", "106003 Biodiversity research", "106023 Molecular biology", "GENETIC-REGULATION", "Archaea", "6. Clean water", "SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN", "COMMUNITY", "106003 Biodiversit\u00e4tsforschung", "13. Climate action", "Isotope Labeling", "106022 Microbiology", "NITROGEN-FIXATION", "106005 Bioinformatics", "RIBOSOMAL-RNA", "N-2 FIXATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1462-2920.13954"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13954"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.13954", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.13954", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.13954"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-31", "title": "Exploration of occurrence and sources of microplastics (>10 \u03bcm) in Danish marine waters", "description": "Microplastics (MPs) were quantified in Danish marine waters of the Kattegat and the southernmost part of Skagerrak bordering to it. Kattegat is a waterbody between Denmark and Sweden that receives inflow from the Baltic Sea and direct urban runoff from the metropolitan area of Copenhagen and Malm\u00f6. MPs were measured in 14 continuous transects while steaming between monitoring stations. MP levels tended to be highest close to the Copenhagen-Malm\u00f6 area, albeit this was more obvious from the abundance of particles rather than mass. The outcome of the measurements allowed a rough MP budget in the Danish Straits region, suggesting that urban waste- and stormwater discharges could not be neglected as potential MP source in these waters. The marine samples were collected by pumping and filtering water over 10 \u03bcm steel filters, hereby sampling a total of 19.3 m3. They were prepared and analyzed by FPA-\u03bcFTIR imaging, and the scans interpreted to yield MP size, shape, polymer type, and estimated mass. The average concentration was 103 \u00b1 86 items m-3, corresponding to 23.3 \u00b1 28.3 \u03bcg m-3 (17-286 items m-3; 0.6-84.1 \u03bcg m-3). Most MPs were smaller than 100 \u03bcm and fragments dominated the samples. The carbonyl index was assessed for polyolefins, showing that oxidation increased with decreasing MP size, but did not correlate with distance to urban areas. A rough budget of MP in the Danish Straits region suggested that MPs discharged from urban waste- and stormwaters were an import source of MPs.", "keywords": ["MP abundance", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "\u03bcFTIR-imaging", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_below_water; name=SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "11. Sustainability", "Microplastic sources", "Mass concentration", "14. Life underwater", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/sustainable_cities_and_communities; name=SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-18", "title": "Risk reductions during pyrene biotransformation and mobilization in a model plant-bacteria-biochar system", "description": "The productive application of motile microorganisms for degrading hydrophobic contaminants in soil is one of the most promising processes in modern remediation due to its sustainability and low cost. However, the incomplete biodegradation of the contaminants and the formation of the intermediary metabolites in the process may increase the toxicity in soil during bioremediation, and motile inoculants may mobilize the pollutants through biosorption. Therefore, controlling these factors should be a fundamental part of soil remediation approaches. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sources of risk associated with the cometabolism-based transformation of 14C-labeled pyrene by inoculated Pseudomonas putida G7 and identify ways to minimize risk. Our model scenario examined the increase in bioaccessibility to a distant source of contamination facilitated by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots. A biochar trap for mobilized pollutant metabolites and bacteria has also been employed. The experimental design consisted of pots filled with a layer of sand with 14C-labeled pyrene (88 mg kg-1) as a contamination focus located several centimeters from the inoculation point. Half of the pots included a biochar layer at the bottom. The pots were incubated in a greenhouse with sunflower plants and P. putida G7 bacteria. Pots with sunflower plants showed a higher biodegradation of pyrene, its mobilization as metabolites through the percolate and the roots, and bacterial mobilization toward the source of contamination, also resulting in increased pyrene transformation. In addition, the biochar layer efficiently reduced the concentrations of pyrene metabolites collected in the leachates. Therefore, the combination of plants, motile bacteria and biochar safely reduced the risk caused by the biological transformation of pyrene.", "keywords": ["Risk", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Pyrenes", "Bacteria", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "01 natural sciences", "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons", "6. Clean water", "Sunflower", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "Biodegradation", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Bioremediation", "Biotransformation", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "f0f967be946e0bdf81cc49ee3054a461", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:26:12Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Opportunities for expanding the use of wastewaters for irrigation of olives", "description": "Project Co-ordinators: Dr. Jose Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero (Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CISC), Dr. Weifeng Xu (Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, FAFU). -- Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). Olive trees are iconic to the Mediterranean landscape and in recent times, have expanded to other regions across the globe that share similar climatic conditions. Olive oil production benefits from irrigation, but with a changing climate and uncertainty in precipitation patterns, wastewaters will likely play a larger role supplementing irrigation water requirements. However, due to their relatively poor quality, wastewaters present challenges for sustained long-term use in olive production. Wastewaters include all effluents from municipalities, agricultural drainage, animal production facilities, agricultural processing and industrial processes. This review focuses on potential opportunities and limitations of sustaining olive oil production in the Mediterranean region using wastewater of various sources. The primary challenges for using such wastewaters include concerns related to salinity, sodicity, metals and trace elements, nutrients, organics, and pathogens. Organics and plant nutrients in the effluents are typically beneficial but depend on dosages. Many studies have shown that saline wastewaters have been successfully used to irrigate olives in Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan and Tunisia. Still, olive varieties and rootstocks have different tolerances to salinity and could respond differently and oil quality may improve or be compromised. Salts and trace elements need to be monitored in plants and soil to make sure accumulation does not continue from year to year and that soil physical conditions are not affected. Some food industries generate effluents with suitable characteristics for irrigation but one must balance the benefits (e.g. addition of nutrients), detriments (e.g. addition of salts or other limiting chemicals) and costs when determining the feasibility and practicality of reuse. Long-term accumulation of trace elements and metals will likely limit the feasibility of using industrial-originating effluents without treatment processes that would remove the toxic constituents prior to reuse. Therefore, untreated wastewaters from the many industries have limited long-term potential for reuse at this time. Application of olive mill wastewater may be agronomically and economically beneficial, particularly as a local disposal solution, but there are concerns associated with high-concentrations of polyphenols that may be phytotoxic and toxic to soil microbial populations. With regards to human safety, risk of contamination of table olives and olive oil is very low because irrigation methods deliver water below the canopy, fruits are not picked from the ground, processing itself eliminates pathogens and the irrigation season typically ends days or weeks before the harvest (depending on the climate condition). Finally, considering physiological, nutritional and intrinsic characteristics of this species, it is clear that olive trees are appropriate candidates for the reuse of recycled water as an irrigation source. The authors would like to thank EU and Water JPI for funding, in the frame of the collaborative international Consortium DESERT, financed under the ERA-NET WaterWorks 2014 Cofunded Call. This ERA-NET is an integral part of the 2015 Joint Activities developed by the Water Challenges for a Changing World Joint Programme Initiative (Water JPI). The research project \u2018Use of Advanced information technologies for Site-Specific management of Irrigation and SaliniTy with degraded water\u2019 (ASSIST) funded by SENECA Foundation on the Regional Program 'SAAVEDRA FAJARDO'. The Project SHui which is co-funded by the European Union Project GA 773903 and the Chinese MOST. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Health risks", "13. Climate action", "Treated Health riskswastewater", "Production", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Olive trees", "Fruit Quality", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pedrero-Salcedo, Francisco, Grattan, S. R., Ben-Gal, Alon, Vivaldi, Gaetano Alessandro,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/f0f967be946e0bdf81cc49ee3054a461"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "f0f967be946e0bdf81cc49ee3054a461", "name": "item", "description": "f0f967be946e0bdf81cc49ee3054a461", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/f0f967be946e0bdf81cc49ee3054a461"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/bf02375144", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-08", "title": "The Uptake Of Cadmium, Lead And Selenium By Barley And Cabbage Grown On Soils Amended With Refuse Incinerator Fly-Ash", "description": "Barley and cabbage plants grown in the greenhouse on soils amended with refuse incinerator fly ash contained significantly elevated levels of Cd, Pb and Se, with Cd uptake being greatest in both plant species. Cabbage grown on 20% ash amended soil contained 146 times more Cd than controls. Cadmium and Se appeared to be less available in a successive barley crop after overwintering the pots of soil outside, but elemental concentrations still remained elevated. Comparisons with data from other studies indicated that Cd availability was greater from refuse fly ash than from sewage sludge.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. Wadge, M. Hutton,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02375144"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/bf02375144", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/bf02375144", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/bf02375144"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1986-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-011-0587-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-30", "title": "Long-Term Straw Management And N Fertilizer Rate Effects On Quantity And Quality Of Organic C And N And Some Chemical Properties In Two Contrasting Soils In Western Canada", "description": "Crop residue and fertilizer management practices alter some soil properties, but the magnitude of change depends on soil type and climatic conditions. Field experiments with mainly barley (and canola, wheat, triticale, or pea in a few years) under conventional tillage were conducted from 1983 to 2009 at Breton (Gray Luvisol (Typic Haplocryalf) loam) and Ellerslie (Black Chernozem (Albic Argicryoll) clay loam), Alberta, Canada, to determine the effects of straw management (straw removed (S Rem) and straw retained (S Ret)) and N fertilizer rate (0, 25, 50, and 75\u00a0kg N\u00a0ha\u22121) on total organic C (TOC) and N (TON), light fraction organic C (LFOC), and N (LFON) in the 0\u20137.5 and 7.5\u201315\u00a0cm, pH in the 0\u20137.5, 7.5\u201315, and 15\u201320\u00a0cm and extractable P, ammonium-N, and nitrate-N in the 0\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, and 60\u201390\u00a0cm soil layers. The S Ret and N fertilizer treatments usually had higher mass of TOC, TON, LFOC, and LFON in soil at Breton, but only of LFOC and LFON in soil at Ellerslie compared with the corresponding S Rem and zero-N control treatments. The responses of soil organic C and N to management practices were more pronounced for N fertilization than straw management. There were significant correlations among most soil organic C or N fractions, especially at Breton. Linear regressions between crop residue C or N input, or rate of fertilizer N applied and soil organic C or N were significant in most cases at Breton, but only for LFOC and LFON at Ellerslie. At Breton, compared with zero-N rate, the C sequestration efficiency of additional crop residue C input was 5.8%, 20.1%, and 20.4% in S Ret and 17.2%, 28.0%, and 30.1% in S Rem treatments at the 25, 50, and 75\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 rates, respectively. The effects of crop residue management and N fertilization on chemical properties were generally similar for both contrasting soil types. There was no effect of crop residue management on soil pH, extractable P and residual nitrate-N. Extractable P and pH in the top 0\u201315\u00a0cm soil decreased significantly with N application in both soil types. Residual nitrate-N (though quite low in Breton soil) increased with application of N and also indicated some downward movement in the soil profile up to 90\u00a0cm depth in Ellerslie soil. There was generally no effect of any treatment on ammonium-N in soil. In conclusion, straw retention and N application improved organic C and N in soil, and generally differences were more pronounced for light fraction than total organic C and N, and between the most extreme treatments (S Rem0 vs. S Ret75). Application of N fertilizer reduced extractable P and pH in the surface soil, and showed accumulation and downward leaching of nitrate-N in the soil profile.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-011-0587-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-011-0587-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-011-0587-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-011-0587-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106774", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-05", "title": "Numerically scheduling plant water deficit index-based smart irrigation to optimize crop yield and water use efficiency", "description": "Open AccessThis research was supported partly by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200303, 2017YFE0118100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1706211, 51790532), Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201411009), and the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Project SHui, grant agreement No 773903.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil water transport", "01 natural sciences", "Irrigation scheduling", "Decision support system", "Regulated deficit irrigation", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106774"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106774", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106774", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106774"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106827", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-27", "title": "Implementing a new texture-based soil evaporation reduction coefficient in the FAO dual crop coefficient method", "description": "Abstract Crop evapotranspiration (ET) is a fundamental component of the hydrological cycle, especially in arid/semi-arid regions. The FAO-56 offers an operational method for deriving ET from the reduction (dual crop coefficient Kc) of the atmospheric evaporative demand (ET0). The dual coefficient approach (FAO-2Kc) is intended to improve the daily estimation of ET by separating the contribution of bare soil evaporation (E) and crop transpiration components. The FAO-2Kc has been a well-known reference for the operational monitoring of crop water needs. However, its performance for estimating the water use efficiency is limited by uncertainties in the modeled evaporation/transpiration partitioning. This paper aims at improving the soil module of the FAO-2Kc by modifying the E reduction coefficient (Kr) according to soil texture information and state-of-the-art formulations, hence, to amend the mismatch between FAO-2Kc and field-measured data beyond standard conditions. In practice this work evaluates the performance of two evaporation models, using the classical Kr (Kr,FAO) and a new texture-based Kr (Kr,text) over 33 bare soil sites under different evaporative demand and soil conditions. An offline validation is investigated by forcing both models with observed soil moisture ( \u03b8 s ) data as input. The Kr,text methodology provides more accurate E estimations compared to the Kr,FAO method and systematically reduces biases. Using Kr,text allows reaching the lowest root means square error (RMSE) of 0.16\u2009mm/day compared to the Kr,FAO where the lowest RMSE reached is 0.88\u2009mm/day. As a step further in the assessment of the proposed methodology, ET was estimated in three wheat fields across the entire agricultural season. Both approaches were thus inter-compared in terms of ET estimates forced by SM estimated as a residual of the water balance model (online validation). Compared to ET measurements, the new formulation provided more accurate results. The RMSE was 0.66\u2009mm/day (0.71\u2009mm/day) and the R2 was 0.83 (0.78) for the texture-based (classical) Kr.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Evapotranspiration", "Soil texture", "FAO-2Kc", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil moisture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Soil evaporation", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106827"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106827", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106827", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106827"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-11", "title": "Effect Of Long-Term Fertilization On C Mineralization And Production Of Ch4 And Co2 Under Anaerobic Incubation From Bulk Samples And Particle Size Fractions Of A Typical Paddy Soil", "description": "Abstract Impacts of nutrient management on C mineralization and greenhouse gas (GHGs) emission from soils have been of much concern in global change. Using laboratory incubation, the production of CH4 and CO2 were studied from both bulk samples and the particle size fractions (PSF) of topsoil from a paddy under a long-term different fertilization trial (including non (NF), chemical without (CF) and with manure (CFM) fertilization, respectively) in the Tai Lake Region, China. Four PSFs (2000\u2013200, 200\u201320, 20\u20132,", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-14", "title": "Influence Of No-Tillage On The Distribution And Lability Of Phosphorus In Finnish Clay Soils", "description": "Abstract No-tillage (NT) is a method adopted to reduce erosion and particulate phosphorus (P) load from arable land to watercourses. However, it has been found to increase the loss of dissolved P with surface runoff, but the reasons for that have rarely been examined in detail. The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical factors explaining this response by investigating the impact of NT on the type and distribution of P reserves as well as on organic carbon (C) in the 0\u201335\u00a0cm topsoil layer of clay soil profiles (Vertic Cambisols). Soil samples were taken from two experimental fields (Jokioinen and Aurajoki) at 0\u20135, 5\u201320 and 20\u201335\u00a0cm depths in conventionally tilled (CT) and non-tilled (for 4\u20135 years) plots. The plots had been cultivated and fertilized according to the common field practices in Finland (15\u201318\u00a0kg\u00a0P and 100\u2013128\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ). Inorganic and organic P reserves characterized by a modified Chang and Jackson fractionation procedure were not significantly affected by the cultivation methods. However, in the uppermost soil layer (0\u20135\u00a0cm) in NT of the Jokioinen field, the labile P determined by water extraction (P w ) increased significantly, whereas the increase in P extracted with acid ammonium acetate (P AAC ) remained statistically insignificant. The increase in labile P coincided with a significant increase in organic carbon (C), which supports the theory that competition between organic anions and phosphate for the same sorption sites on oxide surfaces will enhance the lability of soil P. In the Aurajoki field with distinct soil cracking, P w and P AAC were not affected by NT in the uppermost soil layer, but they increased in the deepest soil layer (20\u201335\u00a0cm) concomitantly with an increase in Al-bound P and organic C. However, the increases were not statistically significant. In both fields, soil acidification due to the repeated application of N fertilizers at a shallow soil depth as well as the accumulation of organic C lowered pH of the uppermost soil layer in NT compared to the deeper soil layers. The results indicated that even short-term NT can increase the labile P in clay soil. However, further studies are needed to assess the long-term changes in lability of surface soil P and, consequently, the possible need for readjustment of the fertilization level in NT.", "keywords": ["suorakylv\u00f6", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "puskurikyky", "6. Clean water", "ploughing", "inorganic phosphorus", "kynt\u00f6", "Suomi", "clay soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "savimaat", "water-soluble phosphorus", "phosphorus", "fosfori", "P buffering capacit", "vesiliukoinen fosfori", "Finland", "ep\u00e4orgaaninen fosfori", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-13", "title": "Restoration of soil quality using biochar and brown coal waste: A review", "description": "Soils in intensively farmed areas of the world are prone to degradation. Amendment of such soils with organic waste materials attempts to restore soil quality. Organic amendments are heterogeneous media, which are a source of soil organic matter (SOM) and maintain or restore chemical, physical, biological and ecological functionality. More specifically, an increase in SOM can influence the soil microclimate, microbial community structure, biomass turnover and mineralisation of nutrients. The search is on-going for locally sourced alternatives as many forms may be costly or geographically limiting. The present review focuses on a heterogeneous group of amendments i.e. biochar and brown coal waste (BCW). Both biochar (made from a variety of feedstocks at various temperatures) and BCW (mined extensively) are options that have worldwide applicability. These materials have very high C contents and soil stability, therefore can be used for long-term C sequestration to abate greenhouse gas emissions and as conditioners to improve soil quality. However, biochar is costly for large-scale applications and BCW may have inherently high moisture and pollutant contents. Future studies should focus on the long-term application of these amendments and determine the physicochemical properties of the soil, bioavailability of soil contaminants, diversity of soil communities and productivity of selected crops. Furthermore, the development of in situ technologies to lower production and processing costs of biochar and BCW would improve their economic feasibility for large-scale application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Brown coal waste", "Quality indicators", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/158976/1/1-s2.0-S0048969720313644-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.116", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-11", "title": "Pharmaceutical concentration variability at sewage treatment plant outlets dominated by hydrology and other factors", "description": "A study was conducted in which the effluent at four small to medium sized sewage treatment plants (STP) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany was monitored for three pharmaceutical compounds (carbamazepine, diclofenac, metoprolol) over a period of four years. Grab sampling and auto sampling campaigns were accomplished with respect to various weather conditions in the catchment area. Flow volumes and hydraulic retention times (HRT) from various sampling dates which provide information on processes causing emission changes were additionally taken into account. Monitoring results showed that concentration scattering in the effluent is related to HRT in the sewage treatment plants. Dilution effects following rain events in the catchment area were analysed for the three investigated substances. Short-term emission changes explained by dilution only could be well determined by the mathematical relation between discharge and concentration, and for carbamazepine to be solely determined by the dilution effects at all HRTs. For metoprolol, a clear decrease in concentrations was observed at HRTs above 80\u202fh, and a significant contribution of biodegradation was supported by independent biodegradation tests. For three out of the four STPs, a decrease in concentrations of diclofenac was observed at hydraulic retention times above 80\u202fh, indicating removal, whereas the relationship between concentration and HRT of the other STP could be explained by dilution only. The study shows that emissions can vary with weather conditions, hampering the assessment of emissions and estimation of concentrations in surface waters from generic removal rates only. Furthermore, it illustrates the importance of HRT of rather stable substances in wastewater treatment.", "keywords": ["Diclofenac", "Sewage", "Dilution effects", "Rain", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Sewage treatment plants", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Carbamazepine", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "13. Climate action", "Germany", "Hydraulic retention times", "Pharmaceuticals", "Hydrology", "Short term emission dynamics", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring", "Metoprolol", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.116"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.116", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.116", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.116"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.128", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-28", "title": "A rationale for the high limits of quantification of antibiotic resistance genes in soil", "description": "The determination of values of abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) per mass of soil is extremely useful to assess the potential impacts of relevant sources of antibiotic resistance, such as irrigation with treated wastewater or manure application. Culture-independent methods and, in particular, quantitative PCR (qPCR), have been regarded as suitable approaches for such a purpose. However, it is arguable if these methods are sensitive enough to measure ARGs abundance at levels that may represent a risk for environmental and human health. This study aimed at demonstrating the range of values of ARGs quantification that can be expected based on currently used procedures of DNA extraction and qPCR analyses. The demonstration was based on the use of soil samples spiked with known amounts of wastewater antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter johnsonii, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa), harbouring known ARGs, and also on the calculation of expected values determined based on qPCR. The limits of quantification (LOQ) of the ARGs (vanA, qnrS, blaTEM, blaOXA, blaIMP, blaVIM) were observed to be approximately 4 log-units per gram of soil dry weight, irrespective of the type of soil tested. These values were close to the theoretical LOQ values calculated based on currently used DNA extraction methods and qPCR procedures. The observed LOQ values can be considered extremely high to perform an accurate assessment of the impacts of ARGs discharges in soils. A key message is that ARGs accumulation will be noticeable only at very high doses. The assessment of the impacts of ARGs discharges in soils, of associated risks of propagation and potential transmission to humans, must take into consideration this type of evidence, and avoid the simplistic assumption that no detection corresponds to risk absence.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "LOD - Limit of detection", "0303 health sciences", "Acinetobacter", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Wastewater", "Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "Manure", "Quantitative PCR", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "Enterococcus faecalis", "Escherichia coli", "LOQ - Limit of quantification", "Soil Microbiology", "Risk assessment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.128"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.128", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.128", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.128"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-21", "title": "Elucidating biotransformation pathways of ofloxacin in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L)", "description": "Antibiotics can be uptaken by plants from soil desorption or directly from irrigation water, but their metabolization pathways in plants are largely unknown. In this paper, an analytical workflow based on high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied for the systematic identification of biotransformation products of ofloxacin in lettuce. The targeted metabolites were selected by comparing the mass chromatograms of exposed with control samples using an advanced spectra-processing method (Fragment Ion Search). The innovative methodology presented allowed us to identify a total of 11 metabolites, including 5 ofloxacin metabolites that are being reported for the first time in plants. Accordingly, major transformation pathways were proposed revealing insight into how ofloxacin and related chemicals are metabolized in lettuce. Furthermore, the influence of biotransformation on potential residual antimicrobial activity of identified compounds was discussed. Human exposure to antibiotics at doses below the minimum inhibitory concentrations is crucial in human risk assessment, including food ingestion; however, in the case of ofloxacin presented results reveal that plant metabolites should also be considered so as not to underestimate their risk.", "keywords": ["High-resolution mass spectrometry", "Ofloxacin", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Biotransformation pathways", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Antibiotics", "Humans", "Plant metabolites", "Biotransformation", "Lactuca", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:zenodo.org:4739514", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-21T16:28:29Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity and its links with other soil properties at the regional scale", "description": "Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) is a key property for evaluating soil water movement and quality. Most studies on spatial variability of K have been performed soil at a field or smaller scale. Therefore, the aim of this work was to assess (quantify) the spatial distribution of K at the larger regional scale in south-eastern Poland and its relationship with other soil properties, including intrinsic sand, silt, and clay contents, relatively stable organic carbon, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and temporally variable water content (WC), total porosity (FI), and dry bulk density (BD) in the surface layer (0\u201320\u00a0cm). The spatial relationships were assessed using a semivariogram and a cross-semivariogram. The studied region (140\u00a0km2) with predominantly permeable sandy soils with low fertility and productivity is located in the south-eastern part of Poland (Podlasie region). The mean sand and organic carbon contents are 74 and 0.86 and their ranges (in %) are 45\u201395 and 0.002\u20133.75, respectively. The number of individual samples varied from 216 to 228 (for K, WC, BD, FI) to 691 for the other soil properties. The best fitting models were adjusted to the empirical semivariogram (exponential) and the cross-semivariogram (exponential, Gaussian, or linear) used to draw maps with kriging. The results showed that, among the soil properties studied, K was most variable (coefficient of variation 77.3%) and significantly (p\u2009<\u20090.05) positively correlated with total porosity (r\u2009= 0.300) and negatively correlated with soil bulk density (r\u2009= \u2013\u20090.283). The normal or close to the normal distribution was obtained by natural logarithmic and root square transformations. The mean K was 2.597\u00a0m\u00a0day\u22121 and ranged from 0.01 up to 11.54\u00a0m\u00a0day\u22121. The spatial autocorrelation (range) of K in the single (direct) semivariograms was 0.081\u00b0 (8.1\u00a0km), while it favourably increased up to 0.149\u00b0\u20130.81\u00b0 (14.9\u201381\u00a0km) in the cross-semivariograms using the OC contents, textural fractions, and CEC as auxiliary variables. The generated spatial maps allowed outlining two sub-areas with predominantly high K above 3.0\u00a0m\u00a0day\u22121 in the northern sandier (sand content\u2009>\u200974%) and less silty (silt content\u2009<\u200922%) part and, with lower K in the southern part of the study region. Generally, the spatial distribution of the K values in the study region depended on the share of individual intrinsic textural fractions. On the other hand, the ranges of the spatial relationship between K and the intrinsic and relatively stable soil properties were much larger (from\u2009~\u200915 to 81\u00a0km) than between K and the temporally variable soil properties (0.3\u20130.9\u00a0km). This knowledge is supportive for making decisions related to land management aimed at alteration of hydraulic conductivity to improve soil water resources and crop productivity and reduce chemical leaching.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Usowicz Bogus\u0142aw, Lipiec Jerzy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/oai:zenodo.org:4739514"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:zenodo.org:4739514", "name": "item", "description": "oai:zenodo.org:4739514", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:zenodo.org:4739514"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-09", "title": "The effects of biochar on soil organic matter pools are not influenced by climate change", "description": "The sustainability of Mediterranean croplands is threatened by climate warming and rainfall reduction. The use of biochar as an amendment represents a tool to store organic carbon (C) in soil. The vulnerability of soil organic C (SOC) to the joint effects of climate change and biochar application needs to be better understood by investigating its main pools. Here, we evaluated the effects of partial rain exclusion (\u223c30%) and temperature increase (\u223c2\u00a0\u00b0C), combined with biochar amendment, on the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) into particulate organic matter (POM) and the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). A set of indices suggested an increase in thermal stability in response to biochar addition in both POM and MAOM fractions. The MAOM fraction, compared to the POM, was particularly enriched in labile substances. Data from micro-Raman spectroscopy suggested that the POM fraction contained biochar particles with a more ordered structure, whereas the structural order decreased in the MAOM fraction, especially after climate manipulation. Crystalline Fe oxides (hematite) and a mix of ferrihydrite and hematite were detected in the POM and in the MAOM fraction, respectively, of the unamended plots under climate manipulation, but not under ambient conditions. Conversely, in the amended soil, climate manipulation did not induce changes in Fe speciation. Our work underlines the importance of discretely taking into account responses of both MAOM and POM to better understand the mechanistic drivers of SOC storage and dynamics.", "keywords": ["Particulate organic matter", " Mineral-associated organic matter", " Open top chambers", " Fe EXAFS", " Raman spectroscopy", " Thermal analysis", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "550", "Climate Change", "Fe EXAFS", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Carbon", "Soil", "Open top chamber", "13. Climate action", "Particulate organic matter", "Charcoal", "Raman spectroscopy", "Mineral-associated organic matter", "Particulate Matter", "Thermal analysis", "Open top chambers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.univr.it/bitstream/11562/1093186/2/JEMA%2c%202023%20-%20The%20effects%20of%20biochar%20on%20SOM%20pools%20are%20not.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=6.+Clean+water&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=6.+Clean+water&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=6.+Clean+water&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=6.+Clean+water&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4992, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-09-21T19:51:42.959656Z"}