Organic acid exudation by plant roots is thought to promote phosphate (P) solubilisation and bioavailability in soils with poorly available nutrients. Here we describe a new combined experimental (microdialysis) and modelling approach to quantify citrate-enhanced P desorption and its importance for root P uptake.
MethodsTo mimic the rhizosphere, microdialysis probes were placed in soil and perfused with citrate solutions (0.1, 1.0 and 10\uffc2\uffa0mM) and the amount of P recovered from soil used to quantify rhizosphere P availability. Parameters in a mathematical model describing probe P uptake, citrate exudation, P movement and citrate-enhanced desorption were fit to the experimental data. These parameters were used in a model of a root which exuded citrate and absorbed P. The importance of soil citrate-P mobilisation for root P uptake was then quantified using this model.
ResultsA plant needs to exude citrate at a rate of 0.73\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 to see a significant increase in P absorption. Microdialysis probes with citrate in the perfusate were shown to absorb similar quantities of P to an exuding root.
ConclusionA single root exuding citrate at a typical rate (4.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff8910\uffe2\uff88\uff925 \uffce\uffbcmol m\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) did not contribute significantly to P uptake. Microdialysis probes show promise for measuring rhizosphere processes when calibration experiments and mathematical modelling are used to decouple microdialysis and rhizosphere mechanisms.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "615", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Regular Article", "634", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-07", "title": "Wood Ash And N Fertilization In The Canadian Boreal Forest: Soil Properties And Response Of Jack Pine And Black Spruce", "description": "Wood ash fertilization has yet to be investigated in Canadian boreal forests. Ash often improves soil acid\u2013base status, but without N addition it seldom increases tree growth on poor mineral soils. We report results of a large scale experiment conducted in a boreal jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) stand growing on sandy acidic soil in Northeastern Canada. The experiment was completely random with four replications (1 ha each) of five treatments (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 dry Mg ha\u22121) of loose fly ash with and without urea (280 kg N ha\u22121). Soils were sampled in the 0, 2, and 8 Mg ha\u22121 treatment up to eight years after application. Foliar nutrition and stand growth were assessed in all treatments one and two years and five years after treatment, respectively. Even under low ash loading, forest floor exchangeable base cations, pH, and base saturation increased within a year of application. Ash application also resulted in a swift decrease in forest floor organic C and an increase in N potential net mineralization rate. The initial dominant pattern of upper mineral soil properties in relation to ash loading was a curvilinear relationship with the highest values observed in the 2 Mg ha\u22121 treatment. Eight years after ash application, significant linear relationships were found between ash loading and base cations and base saturation in the forest floor and mineral soil (0\u201310 cm, 10\u201320 cm). Contrary to N fertilization, ash had no effect on jack pine foliar nutrition and on its five-year growth. However, a decrease of 30% in relative growth rate was observed between the control and the 8 Mg ha\u22121 ash treatment for large (\u2a7e10 cm DBH) black spruces (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP). Black spruce is the dominant commercial species of Canadian eastern boreal forests and thus, additional studies are needed to validate the deleterious effect of ash on spruce growth and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "634", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Brais, Suzanne, B\u00e9langer, Nicolas, Guillemette, Toma,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2024ef005225", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-11", "title": "Understanding Europe's Forest Harvesting Regimes", "description": "AbstractEuropean forests are being shaped by active human use and management, and by harvesting of wood in particular. Yet, our understanding of how forests are harvested across Europe is limited, as the real harvest regimes are not well described by currently available data. Here, we analyse recent harvests, as observed in permanent plots of forest inventories in 11 European countries, totaling to 182,649 plots and covering all major forest types. We (a) characterize harvest regimes through the frequency and intensity of harvest events spatially across Europe, and (b) build models for the probability and intensity of harvest events at the plot\uffe2\uff80\uff90level and examine the links to potential drivers of harvest, including the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest forest structure and composition, climatic, topographic and socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic factors, and past natural disturbances. The results revealed notable variation in harvest regimes across Europe, ranging from high\uffe2\uff80\uff90frequency and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity harvests in eastern Central Europe to low\uffe2\uff80\uff90frequency and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity harvests in the north, with different strategies emerging in regions with similar total harvest rates. The harvest regimes were strongly driven by country\uffe2\uff80\uff90level variation, emphasizing the role of national\uffe2\uff80\uff90level factors. Pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest forest properties were important drivers for the intensity of harvest, whereas the probability of harvest was more related to socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic factors and natural disturbances. The presented quantification of the forest harvesting regimes provides much needed detail in our understanding of the contemporary forest management practices in Europe, providing a baseline against which to assess future changes in management and strengthening the knowledge\uffe2\uff80\uff90base for decision\uffe2\uff80\uff90making on European level.Humans modify ecosystems and biodiversity worldwide, with negative consequences for ecosystem functioning. Promoting plant diversity is increasingly suggested as a mitigation strategy. However, our mechanistic understanding of how plant diversity affects the diversity of heterotrophic consumer communities remains limited. Here, we disentangle the relative importance of key components of plant diversity as drivers of herbivore, predator, and parasitoid species richness in experimental forests and grasslands. We find that plant species richness effects on consumer species richness are consistently positive and mediated by elevated structural and functional diversity of the plant communities. The importance of these diversity components differs across trophic levels and ecosystems, cautioning against ignoring the fundamental ecological complexity of biodiversity effects. Importantly, plant diversity effects on higher trophic-level species richness are in many cases mediated by modifications of consumer abundances. In light of recently reported drastic declines in insect abundances, our study identifies important pathways connecting plant diversity and consumer diversity across ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science", "Science", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600; name=Chemistry(all)", "Q", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300; name=Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)", "634", "Biodiversity", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1000; name=General", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "ddc:", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100; name=Physics and Astronomy(all)", "Species Specificity", "Animals", "14. Life underwater", "Arthropods"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09448-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09448-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-019-09448-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-019-09448-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-019-09448-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpaa175", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-22", "title": "Drought elicits contrasting responses on the autumn dynamics of wood formation in late successional deciduous tree species", "description": "AbstractResearch on wood phenology has mainly focused on reactivation of the cambium in spring. In this study we investigated if summer drought advances cessation of wood formation and if it has any influence on wood structure in late successional forest trees of the temperate zone. The end of xylogenesis was monitored between August and November in stands of European beech and pedunculate oak in Belgium for two consecutive years, 2017 and 2018, with the latter year having experienced an exceptional summer drought. Wood formation in oak was affected by the drought, with oak trees ceasing cambial activity and wood maturation about 3\uffc2\uffa0weeks earlier in 2018 compared with 2017. Beech ceased wood formation before oak, but its wood phenology did not differ between years. Furthermore, between the 2\uffc2\uffa0years, no significant difference was found in ring width, percentage of mature fibers in the late season, vessel size and density. In 2018, beech did show thinner fiber walls, whereas oak showed thicker walls. In this paper, we showed that summer drought can have an important impact on late season wood phenology xylem development. This will help to better understand forest ecosystems and improve forest models.
", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "xylogenesis", "beech cessation of wood formation drought oak xylogenesis", "634", "drought", "15. Life on land", "cessation of wood formation", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Trees", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Xylem", "13. Climate action", "oak", "Seasons", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "beech", "Biology", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa175"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpaa175", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpaa175", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpaa175"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12083", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-15", "title": "Land Availability And Potential Biomass Production With Poplar And Willow Short Rotation Coppices In Germany", "description": "AbstractSeveral factors influence land availability for the growth of short rotation coppices (SRC) with fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing tree species, including the nationwide availability of agricultural land, economic efficiency, ecological impacts, political boundaries and environmental protection regulations. In this study, we analysed the growing potential of poplar and willow SRC for bioenergy purposes in Germany without negative ecological impacts or land use conflicts. The potential biomass production using SRC on agricultural land in Germany was assessed taking into account ecological, ethical, political and technical restrictions. Using a geographic information system (GIS), digital site maps, climate data and a digital terrain model, the SRC biomass production potential on cropland and grassland was estimated using water supply and mean temperature during the growing season as parameters. From this analysis, a yield model for SRC was developed based on the analysed growth data and site information of 62 short rotation plantations in Germany and France. To assess the technical, ethical and ecological potential of SRC, restrictions in protected areas, technical constraints and competition with food and feed production were investigated. Our results revealed that approximately 18% (2.12\uffc2\uffa0Mio.\uffc2\uffa0ha) of cropland and 54% (2.5\uffc2\uffa0Mio.\uffc2\uffa0ha) of grassland in Germany were highly suitable for SRC plantations, providing favourable water supplies and mean temperatures during the growing season. These identified sites produced an average yield of more than 14\uffc2\uffa0tons of dry matter per hectare per year. Due to local climate and soil conditions, the federal states in northern and eastern Germany had the highest theoretical SRC potential for agricultural land. After considering all ecological, ethical, political and technical restrictions, as well as future climate predictions, 5.7% (680\uffc2\uffa0000\uffc2\uffa0ha) of cropland and 33% (1.5\uffc2\uffa0Mio.\uffc2\uffa0ha) of grassland in Germany were classified as suitable for biomass production with fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing tree species in SRC.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "634", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12083"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12083", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12083", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12083"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17182/hepdata.24616.v1/t6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:18:36Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "\"Table 6\" of \"$\\pi^- p$ at 205 GeV/c: Multiplicities of Charged and Neutral Particles Production of Neutral Particles\"", "description": "unspecifiedNo description provided.", "keywords": ["Inclusive", "Single Differential Cross Section", "Strange production", "19.634", "DSIG/DPT**2", "Transverse Momentum Dependence", "PI- P --> LAMBDABAR X", "Pion-Proton Scattering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ljung, D., Bogert, D., Hanft, R., Huson, F.R., Kahn, S., Pascaud, C., Pruss, S., Smart, Wesley M., Bingham, H.H., Chew, D.M., Daugeras, B.Y., Fretter, W.B., Goldhaber, G., Graves, W.R., Johnson, A.D., Kadyk, J.A., Stutte, L., Trilling, G.H., Winkelmann, F.C., Yost, G.P.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.24616.v1/t6"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17182/hepdata.24616.v1/t6", "name": "item", "description": "10.17182/hepdata.24616.v1/t6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17182/hepdata.24616.v1/t6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1977-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.31223/x5910j", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:19:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-11", "title": "Understanding Europe's Forest Harvesting Regimes", "description": "AbstractEuropean forests are being shaped by active human use and management, and by harvesting of wood in particular. Yet, our understanding of how forests are harvested across Europe is limited, as the real harvest regimes are not well described by currently available data. Here, we analyse recent harvests, as observed in permanent plots of forest inventories in 11 European countries, totaling to 182,649 plots and covering all major forest types. We (a) characterize harvest regimes through the frequency and intensity of harvest events spatially across Europe, and (b) build models for the probability and intensity of harvest events at the plot\uffe2\uff80\uff90level and examine the links to potential drivers of harvest, including the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest forest structure and composition, climatic, topographic and socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic factors, and past natural disturbances. The results revealed notable variation in harvest regimes across Europe, ranging from high\uffe2\uff80\uff90frequency and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity harvests in eastern Central Europe to low\uffe2\uff80\uff90frequency and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity harvests in the north, with different strategies emerging in regions with similar total harvest rates. The harvest regimes were strongly driven by country\uffe2\uff80\uff90level variation, emphasizing the role of national\uffe2\uff80\uff90level factors. Pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest forest properties were important drivers for the intensity of harvest, whereas the probability of harvest was more related to socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic factors and natural disturbances. The presented quantification of the forest harvesting regimes provides much needed detail in our understanding of the contemporary forest management practices in Europe, providing a baseline against which to assess future changes in management and strengthening the knowledge\uffe2\uff80\uff90base for decision\uffe2\uff80\uff90making on European level.In viticulture, detailed spatial information about actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and vine water status within a vineyard may be of particular utility when applying site-specific, precision irrigation management. Over recent decades, extensive research has been carried out in the use of remote sensing energy balance models to estimate and monitor ETa at the field level. However, one of the major limitations remains the coarse spatial resolution in the thermal infrared (TIR) domain. In this context, the recent advent of the Sentinel missions of the European Space Agency (ESA) has greatly improved the possibility of monitoring crop parameters and estimating ETa at higher temporal and spatial resolutions. In order to bridge the gap between the coarse-resolution Sentinel-3 thermal and the fine-resolution Sentinel-2 shortwave data, sharpening techniques have been used to downscale the Sentinel-3 land surface temperature (LST) from 1 km to 20 m. However, the accurate estimates of high-resolution LST through sharpening techniques are still unclear, particularly when intended to be used for detecting crop water stress. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of the two-source energy balance model (TSEB) using sharpened LST images from Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 (TSEB-PTS2+3) to estimate the spatio-temporal variability of actual transpiration (T) and water stress in a vineyard. T and crop water stress index (CWSI) estimates were evaluated against a vine water consumption model and regressed with in situ stem water potential (\uffce\uffa8stem). Two different TSEB approaches, using very high-resolution airborne thermal imagery, were also included in the analysis as benchmarks for TSEB-PTS2+3. One of them uses aggregated TIR data at the vine+inter-row level (TSEB-PTairb), while the other is based on a contextual method that directly, although separately, retrieves soil and canopy temperatures (TSEB-2T). The results obtained demonstrated that when comparing airborne Trad and sharpened S2+3 LST, the latter tend to be underestimated. This complicates the use of TSEB-PTS2+3 to detect crop water stress. TSEB-2T appeared to outperform all the other methods. This was shown by a higher R2 and slightly lower RMSD when compared with modelled T. In addition, regressions between T and CWSI-2T with \uffce\uffa8stem also produced the highest R2.
", "keywords": ["evapotranspiration; TSEB; Sentinel-2; Sentinel-3; crop water stress index; vine water status; grapevines", "2. Zero hunger", "crop water stress index", "Science", "Q", "evapotranspiration", "634", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sentinel-3", "Sentinel-2", "TSEB", "vine water status"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2299/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2299/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142299"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12142299", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12142299", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12142299"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5772/intechopen.100500", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:21:37Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2021-10-22", "title": "Alternatives to Cu Applications in Viticulture: How R&D Projects Can Provide Applied Solutions, Helping to Establish Legislation Limits", "description": "Copper (Cu) and its based preparations have been used for over 200\uffc2\uffa0years to control fungi and bacterial diseases in cultivated plants. Downy mildew caused by the obligate biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola is one of the most relevant and recurrent diseases of grapevines. Recently, the use of Cu is being limited by some regulations because of its high impact at different levels (health and environmental problems). Due to its accumulation in soil, this metal causes a little controversy with the principles of sustainable production. Therefore, international legislation and initiatives have recently been arisen to start limiting its use, with the main goal to replace it. In this framework, some alternatives have been tested and others are recently being developed to replace, at least partially, the use of Cu in viticulture. Many of them, are being developed and tested under the scope of research and development EU funded projects. To not compromise sustainability targets in viticulture, results from these R&D projects need to be considered to assess the present risks of using Cu in viticulture and to better support establishing limits for its applications, considering soils vulnerability, while no sustainable alternatives are available in the market.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "634", "15. Life on land", "Copper", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.intechopen.com/chapter/pdf-download/78970"}, {"href": "https://publicatt.unicatt.it/bitstream/10807/215429/2/78970.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.intechopen.com/download/pdf/78970"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100500"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5772/intechopen.100500", "name": "item", "description": "10.5772/intechopen.100500", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5772/intechopen.100500"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2994416315", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-05", "title": "Quantifying citrate-enhanced phosphate root uptake using microdialysis", "description": "Abstract AimsOrganic acid exudation by plant roots is thought to promote phosphate (P) solubilisation and bioavailability in soils with poorly available nutrients. Here we describe a new combined experimental (microdialysis) and modelling approach to quantify citrate-enhanced P desorption and its importance for root P uptake.
MethodsTo mimic the rhizosphere, microdialysis probes were placed in soil and perfused with citrate solutions (0.1, 1.0 and 10\uffc2\uffa0mM) and the amount of P recovered from soil used to quantify rhizosphere P availability. Parameters in a mathematical model describing probe P uptake, citrate exudation, P movement and citrate-enhanced desorption were fit to the experimental data. These parameters were used in a model of a root which exuded citrate and absorbed P. The importance of soil citrate-P mobilisation for root P uptake was then quantified using this model.
ResultsA plant needs to exude citrate at a rate of 0.73\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 to see a significant increase in P absorption. Microdialysis probes with citrate in the perfusate were shown to absorb similar quantities of P to an exuding root.
ConclusionA single root exuding citrate at a typical rate (4.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff8910\uffe2\uff88\uff925 \uffce\uffbcmol m\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) did not contribute significantly to P uptake. Microdialysis probes show promise for measuring rhizosphere processes when calibration experiments and mathematical modelling are used to decouple microdialysis and rhizosphere mechanisms.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "615", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Regular Article", "634", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2994416315"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2994416315", "name": "item", "description": "2994416315", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2994416315"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8550755", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:24:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-05", "title": "Quantifying citrate-enhanced phosphate root uptake using microdialysis", "description": "Abstract AimsOrganic acid exudation by plant roots is thought to promote phosphate (P) solubilisation and bioavailability in soils with poorly available nutrients. Here we describe a new combined experimental (microdialysis) and modelling approach to quantify citrate-enhanced P desorption and its importance for root P uptake.
MethodsTo mimic the rhizosphere, microdialysis probes were placed in soil and perfused with citrate solutions (0.1, 1.0 and 10\uffc2\uffa0mM) and the amount of P recovered from soil used to quantify rhizosphere P availability. Parameters in a mathematical model describing probe P uptake, citrate exudation, P movement and citrate-enhanced desorption were fit to the experimental data. These parameters were used in a model of a root which exuded citrate and absorbed P. The importance of soil citrate-P mobilisation for root P uptake was then quantified using this model.
ResultsA plant needs to exude citrate at a rate of 0.73\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 to see a significant increase in P absorption. Microdialysis probes with citrate in the perfusate were shown to absorb similar quantities of P to an exuding root.
ConclusionA single root exuding citrate at a typical rate (4.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff8910\uffe2\uff88\uff925 \uffce\uffbcmol m\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) did not contribute significantly to P uptake. Microdialysis probes show promise for measuring rhizosphere processes when calibration experiments and mathematical modelling are used to decouple microdialysis and rhizosphere mechanisms.
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