In earlier work, we compared the amount of newly fixed nitrogen (N, as synthetic fertilizer and biologically fixed N) entering agricultural systems globally to the total emission of nitrous oxide (N 2 O). We obtained an N 2 O emission factor (EF) of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff935%, and applied it to biofuel production. For \uffe2\uff80\uff98first-generation\uffe2\uff80\uff99 biofuels, e.g. biodiesel from rapeseed and bioethanol from corn (maize), that require N fertilizer, N 2 O from biofuel production could cause (depending on N uptake efficiency) as much or more global warming as that avoided by replacement of fossil fuel by the biofuel. Our subsequent calculations in a follow-up paper, using published life cycle analysis (LCA) models, led to broadly similar conclusions. The N 2 O EF applies to agricultural crops in general, not just to biofuel crops, and has made possible a top-down estimate of global emissions from agriculture. Independent modelling by another group using bottom-up IPCC inventory methodology has shown good agreement at the global scale with our top-down estimate. Work by Davidson showed that the rate of accumulation of N 2 O in the atmosphere in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries was greater than that predicted from agricultural inputs limited to fertilizer N and biologically fixed N (Davidson, E. A. 2009 Nat. Geosci . 2 , 659\uffe2\uff80\uff93662.). However, by also including soil organic N mineralized following land-use change and NO x deposited from the atmosphere in our estimates of the reactive N entering the agricultural cycle, we have now obtained a good fit between the observed atmospheric N 2 O concentrations from 1860 to 2000 and those calculated on the basis of a 4 per cent EF for the reactive N.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "330", "Climate", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Denitrification", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0313"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2011.0313", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2011.0313", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2011.0313"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:18:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-19", "title": "Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, And Forest Carbon In The Oregon Coast Range", "description": "AbstractForests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:21:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "Abstract. We present and discuss a new dataset of gridded emissions covering the historical period (1850\uffe2\uff80\uff932000) in decadal increments at a horizontal resolution of 0.5\uffc2\uffb0 in latitude and longitude. The primary purpose of this inventory is to provide consistent gridded emissions of reactive gases and aerosols for use in chemistry model simulations needed by climate models for the Climate Model Intercomparison Program #5 (CMIP5) in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Our best estimate for the year 2000 inventory represents a combination of existing regional and global inventories to capture the best information available at this point; 40 regions and 12 sectors are used to combine the various sources. The historical reconstruction of each emitted compound, for each region and sector, is then forced to agree with our 2000 estimate, ensuring continuity between past and 2000 emissions. Simulations from two chemistry-climate models is used to test the ability of the emission dataset described here to capture long-term changes in atmospheric ozone, carbon monoxide and aerosol distributions. The simulated long-term change in the Northern mid-latitudes surface and mid-troposphere ozone is not quite as rapid as observed. However, stations outside this latitude band show much better agreement in both present-day and long-term trend. The model simulations indicate that the concentration of carbon monoxide is underestimated at the Mace Head station; however, the long-term trend over the limited observational period seems to be reasonably well captured. The simulated sulfate and black carbon deposition over Greenland is in very good agreement with the ice-core observations spanning the simulation period. Finally, aerosol optical depth and additional aerosol diagnostics are shown to be in good agreement with previously published estimates and observations.
", "keywords": ["info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "IPCC", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Physics", "QC1-999", "emissions", "551", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "J", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "CMIP5", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "QD1-999", "AR5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:16:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-16", "title": "Nitrogen Management To Reduce Yield-Scaled Global Warming Potential In Rice", "description": "Abstract Fertilizer N is usually required to achieve optimal yields but when applied in excess there is increased risk of pollution, including higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Thus, optimal N management must consider both yields and environmental effects. Yield-scaled GWP (Global Warming Potential), which is the GWP (in CO 2 equivalents) per Mg of grain yield, is a useful metric for evaluating management options where the goal is to achieve both high yields with minimal environmental burden. A 6-year field study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the lowest yield-scaled GHG emissions for rice occur when N is applied at optimal N rates for maximum yields, independent of the source of N applied. We tested this hypothesis for organic (manure) and inorganic (urea) N sources. The N rates and sources in each growing season were: 0, 90, 180 and 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 applied as either urea alone or pig manure combined with urea (where N was added as manure and supplied 60% of the total N rate). The N rates to achieve maximum yields (90 to 180\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 depending on year) were similar for both N sources. Seasonal CH 4 and N 2 O emissions varied significantly between years but the magnitude of emissions was determined largely by N source. Across N rates, application of manure increased GWP by almost 60% relative to the urea treatments due to higher CH 4 and N 2 O emissions. When urea was used as the sole N source, yield-scaled GWP (87\u00a0kg CO 2 eq. Mg \u22121 grain) was lowest at optimal N rates for maximum yields. In contrast, when manure was used, yield-scaled GWP was higher than for urea and increased with increasing manure-N rates (from 104 to 171\u00a0kg CO 2 eq. Mg \u22121 grain). The lowest yield-scaled GWP for manure was when no manure was applied \u2013 despite the low yields. Thus, when manure is used as an N source in flooded rice systems, over application should be avoided.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yushi Ye, C. van Kessel, S.X. Wang, H. Li, X. Q. Liang, G.M. Tian, Bruce A. Linquist, Y.J. Ji,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/admi.202200998", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-19", "title": "Mechanically\u2010Reconfigurable Edge States in an Ultrathin Valley\u2010Hall Topological Metamaterial", "description": "AbstractBroadband topological metamaterials hold the key for designing the next generation of integrated photonic platforms and microwave devices given their protected back\uffe2\uff80\uff90scattering\uffe2\uff80\uff90free and unidirectional edge states, among other exotic properties. However, synthesizing such metamaterial has proven challenging. Here, a broadband bandgap (relative bandwidth of more than 43%) Valley\uffe2\uff80\uff90Hall topological metamaterial with deep subwavelength thickness is proposed. The present topological metamaterial is composed of three layers printed circuit boards whose total thickness is 1.524\uffc2\uffa0mm \uffe2\uff89\uff88 \uffce\uffbb/100. The topological phase transition is achieved by introducing an asymmetry parameter \uffce\uffb4r. Three mechanically reconfigurable edge states can be obtained by varying interlayer displacement. Their robust transmission is demonstrated through two kinds of waveguide domain walls with cavities and disorders. Exploiting the proposed topological metamaterial, a six\uffe2\uff80\uff90way power divider is constructed and measured as a proof\uffe2\uff80\uff90of\uffe2\uff80\uff90concept of the potential of the proposed technology for future electromagnetic devices.Fractionated pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) appears as an interesting analytical tool for elucidating lignocellulosic biomass structure, as it allows the progressive release of chemical fragments representative of biomass macromolecular composition. In this paper the effect of fractionated pyrolysis time (from 5 s to 300 s) on the degradation of lignin and carbohydrates from beech wood was studied at temperatures between 250 \u00b0C and 500 \u00b0C. Fractionated Py-GC/MS showed that the release temperature of the volatile degradation products varied between the volatile species detected. In addition, the step duration time changed the thermal degradation behavior of lignocellulosic components. Shortening the constant step duration time from 300 s to 5 s shifted the maximum weight loss to the higher temperatures. The result was opposite at long step duration times. Time optimization at each pyrolysis temperature (250 \u00b0C, 40 s; 300 \u00b0C, 30 s; 350 \u00b0C, 25 s; 370 \u00b0C, 20 s; 400 \u00b0C, 15 s; 450 \u00b0C, 10 s; 500 \u00b0C, 5 s) enhanced the yield of both lignin and carbohydrate volatile pyrolysis degradation products. In addition, two multiple temperature maxima were shown for some lignin and carbohydrate derivatives. This behavior may be due to the two different pathways of formation and macromolecular origins of compounds in beech wood. At optimized conditions lignin derivatives having a 3-carbon side chain substituent had a maximum at lower temperature than that of lignin derivatives with a 1-carbon side chain substituent. That phenomenon follows the order of primary and secondary pyrolysis reactions. Similar behaviors were observed among the degradation products of hemicelluloses and cellulose. Degradation products of hemicelluloses were mainly released at lower temperatures than those of cellulose derivatives, which illustrates the lower thermal stability of hemicelluloses compared to cellulose.
", "keywords": ["Beech", "ta114", "[CHIM.GENI] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "Fractionated pyrolysis", "Carbohydrates", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "540", "Py-GC/MS", "Lignin", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "Thermal degradation", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "G\u00e9nie chimique", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "G\u00e9nie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s", "ta116", "ta215"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/27243/1/GonzalezMartinez_27243.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Analytical%20and%20Applied%20Pyrolysis", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-28", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization And Yield Response Of Energy Crops After Fertilization With Biogas Residues In A Coastal Marsh Of Northern Germany", "description": "Abstract Anaerobic co-fermentation of animal slurries and crop silages leads to new types of biogas residues with an uncertain fertilizer value. Ammonia volatilization losses and crop productivity after supplying co-fermented biogas residues were investigated at a marshland site in Northern Germany. Due to the ecological risks of monocultures, maize (Zea mays) in monoculture as the dominant biogas crop in the marsh was tested against a crop rotation (maize, wheat (Triticum aestivum), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Biogas residues, applied by trail hoses, and CAN (mineral fertilizer) were used as nitrogen fertilizers. Ammonia losses at all application dates were investigated by an approach including passive flux samplers and a calibrated dynamic chamber method. Simultaneously a micrometeorological technique was used as a reference. A comparison of methods showed a close correlation (r2\u00a0=\u00a00.92) between micromet and passive flux sampler techniques. Ammonia volatilization losses (on average 15% NH4+-N applied) occurred mainly within the first 10\u00a0h. Concomitant with high ammonia losses, a significant yield depression of 5\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121 for ryegrass fertilized by biogas residues compared to CAN was observed. Little or no affect of biogas was observed for maize and wheat. The crop rotation had yields (34\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a02\u00a0year\u22121) that were comparable with the maize monoculture (31\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a02\u00a0year\u22121).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Energy crops", "6. Clean water", "Co-fermentation", "Crop rotation", "Ammonia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Trail hoses", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.03.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-11", "title": "Maize Water Use Efficiency And Evapotranspiration Response To N Supply Under Contrasting Soil Water Availability", "description": "Abstract Water use efficiency (WUEg), the quotient between grain yield and crop evapotranspiration (ET), might be increased in maize crops (Zea mays L.) due to N supply. Most research has focused on understanding grain yield response to N supply; so there is little and contradictory information on the influence of N supply on WUEg in water limited environments and on ET response to N supply under contrasting water availability. The objectives of our research were to elucidate whether N supply affects WUEg in water limited environments; and to clarify the expected response to N supply of maize ET and its components under contrasting soil water availability. Maize crops were grown at Balcarce, Argentina during three seasons. Treatments included two water regimes (i.e. rain-fed and irrigated) and two rates of N (i.e. 120\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 or non-fertilized). Measurements included (i) soil water content and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (iPAR) during the whole crop season, and (ii) grain yield and shoot dry matter at physiological maturity. Crop ET was calculated by means of a water balance and soil evaporation was estimated by means of micro-lysimeters. Our results show that N supply did not influence WUEg in water limited environments; but N supply significantly increased ET (2\u20138%) under all water availability conditions. Maize seasonal ET increments were closely related to the improvement of seasonal iPAR in non-water limited environments, but not in water limited environments. In non-water limited environments, ET response to N supply was mediated by the concomitant effects of iPAR increments on increasing transpiration while reducing evaporation. In water limited environments, ET slightly increased in response to iPAR increments due to N supply. The low ET increment in water limited environments with frequent low superficial soil water content (i.e. \u22642\u00a0mm\u00a0cm\u22121) was probably not influenced by reductions in evaporation (E); but associated with stomata closure in response to water deficiencies. This is consistent with the fact that N supply did not promote improvements in radiation use efficiency for biomass production (RUEb) in these environments.", "keywords": ["EVAPORATION", "2. Zero hunger", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.5", "INTERCEPTED PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION", "ZEA MAYS L", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. Cambareri, Diego Cerrudo, Laura Echarte, Laura Echarte, P. Barbieri, P. Barbieri, M.D. Hern\u00e1ndez, A. Della Maggiora,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.03.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.03.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.03.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.03.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.034", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-08", "title": "Spatio-temporal assessment of integrating intermittent electricity in the EU and Western Balkans power sector under ambitious CO2 emission policies", "description": "This work investigates a power dispatch system that aims to supply the power demand of the EU and Western Balkans (EUWB) based on low-carbon generation units, enabled by the expansion of biomass, solar, and wind based electricity. A spatially explicit techno-economic optimization tool simulates the EUWB power sector to explore the dispatch of new renewable electricity capacity on a EUWB scale, under ambitious CO2 emission policies. The results show that utility-scale deployment of renewable electricity is feasible and can contribute about 9\u201339% of the total generation mix, for a carbon price range of 0\u2013200 \u20ac/tCO2 and with the existing capacities of the cross-border transmission network. Even without any explicit carbon incentive (carbon price of 0 \u20ac/tCO2), more than 35% of the variable power in the most ambitious CO2 mitigation scenario (carbon price of 200 \u20ac/tCO2) would be economically feasible to deploy. Spatial assessment of bio-electricity potential (based on forest and agriculture feedstock) showed limited presence in the optimal generation mix (0\u20136%), marginalizing its effect as baseload. Expansion of the existing cross-border transmission capacities helps even out the variability of solar and wind technologies, but may also result in lower installed RE capacity in favor of state-of-the-art natural gas with relatively low sensitivity to increasing carbon taxes. A sensitivity analysis of the investment cost, even under a low-investment scenario and at the high end of the CO2 price range, showed natural gas remains at around 11% of the total generation, emphasizing how costly it would be to achieve the final percentages toward a 100% renewable system.", "keywords": ["Optimization", "Renewable electricity", "330", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Decarbonization", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Geospatial modeling", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Intermittency", "Power transmission"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15514/1/Spatio-temporal%20assessment%20of%20integrating%20RE%20in%20EU-WB%20power%20sector_postprint.pdf"}, {"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15514/1/Spatio-temporal%20assessment%20of%20integrating%20RE%20in%20EU-WB%20power%20sector_postprint.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.034"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Energy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.034", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.034", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.034"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:16:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-08", "title": "Effect Of Long-Term Compost And Inorganic Fertilizer Application On Background N2o And Fertilizer-Induced N2o Emissions From An Intensively Cultivated Soil", "description": "The influence of inorganic fertilizer and compost on background nitrous oxide (N2O) and fertilizer-induced N2O emissions were examined over a maize-wheat rotation year from June 2008 to May 2009 in a fluvo-aquic soil in Henan Province of China where a field experiment had been established in 1989 to evaluate the long-term effects of manure and fertilizer on soil organic status. The study involved five treatments: compost (OM), fertilizer NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium, NPK), half compost N plus half fertilizer N (HOM), fertilizer NK (NK), and control without any fertilizer (CK). The natural logarithms of the background N2O fluxes were significantly (P<0.05) correlated with soil temperature, but not with soil moisture, during the maize or wheat growing season. The 18-year application of compost alone and inorganic fertilizer not only significantly (P<0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) by 152% and 10-43% (respectively), but also increased background N2O emissions by 106% and 48-76% (respectively) compared with the control. Total N in soils was a better indicator for predicting annual background N2O emission than SOC. The estimated emission factor (EF) of mineralized N, calculated by dividing annual N2O emission by mineralized N was 0.13-0.19%, significantly (P<0.05) lower than the EF of added N (0.30-0.39%). The annual N2O emission in the NPK, HOM and OM soils amended with 300 kg ha(-1) organic or inorganic N was 1427, 1325 and 1178 g N ha(-1), respectively. There was a significant (P<0.05) difference between the NPK and OM. The results of this study indicate that soil indigenous N was less efficiently converted into N2O compared with exogenous N. Increasing SOC by compost application, then partially increasing N supply to crops instead of adding inorganic N fertilizer, may be an effective measure to mitigate N2O emissions from arable soils in the North China plain.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-11", "title": "Modelling non-ideal bio-physical-chemical effects on high-solids anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste", "description": "This study evaluates the main effects of including 'non-ideal' bio-physical-chemical corrections in high-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), at total solid (TS) between 10 and 40%. As a novel approach, a simple 'non-ideal' module, accounting for the effects of ionic strength (I) on the main acid-base equilibriums, was coupled to a HS-AD model, to jointly evaluate the effects of 'non-ideality' and the TS content dynamics on the HS-AD bio-physical-chemistry. 'Non-ideality' influenced the pH, concentration of inhibitors (i.e. NH3), and liquid-gas transfer (i.e. CO2), particularly at higher TS (i.e. \u2265 20%). Meanwhile, fitting the experimental data for batch assays at 15% TS showed that HS-AD of OFMSW might be operated at I\u202f\u2265\u202f0.5\u202fM. Therefore, all HS-AD simulations should account for 'non-ideal' corrections, when assessing the main inhibitory mechanisms (i.e. NH3 buildup and acidification) potentially occurring in HS-AD of OFMSW.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "high-solids anaerobic digestion model", "Solid Waste", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "total solids dynamics", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Bioreactors", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "11. Sustainability", "High-solids anaerobic digestion modelNon-ideal bio-physical-chemical correctionsIonic strengthTotal solids dynamicsAmmonia inhibition", "Anaerobiosis", "ionic strength", "Methane", "ammonia inhibition", "non-ideal bio-physical-chemical corrections", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/746250/1/post-print.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02623438/file/S0301479719303044.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.097", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-06", "title": "Corrosion testing of diffusion-coated steel in molten salt for concentrated solar power tower systems", "description": "Abstract In the course of energy transition the development of sustainable technologies for power generation providing base load supply is of particular importance. In comparison to photovoltaics concentrated solar power (CSP) Systems have great potential to fulfil this requirement by the use of thermal storage systems utilizing molten salt mixtures as heat transfer fluids. For this purpose, molten nitrates are frequently discussed due to their beneficial thermal and physical properties as well as high operation temperatures. In order to protect the piping system from degradation, coatings can be applied on the surface of the employed materials, which are commonly steels or Ni-based alloys. The goal is to achieve cost reduction to ensure an even more competitive position of the CSP technology with respect to other renewable sources on the market. In this study, the corrosion behavior of coated and uncoated ferritic-martensitic steels of type T91 and VM12 in molten salt (mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3) has been investigated under isothermal conditions. The diffusion coatings are based on potentially protective elements such as Al, Si or Cr and were applied on the steels either by pack cementation or slurry deposition. Characterization of the samples was conducted by means of optical microscope and EPMA in order to gain a deeper understanding of the occurring corrosion mechanisms and for the purpose of lifetime analysis.", "keywords": ["Ferritic-martensitic steel", " Diffusion coating", " Molten salt", " Concentrated solar power tower plant", "13. Climate action", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.097"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Surface%20and%20Coatings%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.097", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.097", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.097"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102330", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-09", "title": "A novel, green, low-cost regeneration method for surface enhanced raman scattering (SERS) solid substrates based on nanosecond pulsed cold plasma technology", "description": "Surface enhanced\u00a0raman scattering\u00a0(SERS) technique has been widely implemented for the detection/quantification of numerous compounds. The development of reusable SERS substrates through regeneration is a constant concern of scientists in the field, related to the sustainability of the method. Cold\u00a0atmospheric plasma\u00a0(CAP) is an advantageous green method well-known for its effectiveness towards the successful degradation of organic molecules and materials\u2019 activation/modification. In the present study, we explored for the first time nanosecond pulsed\u00a0dielectric\u00a0barrier discharge (NSP-DBD) plasma as a rapid, energy efficient method for SERS solid substrates regeneration, implemented either directly in the\u00a0gas\u00a0or in the liquid phase as well as through immersion of the substrates in plasma activated water (PAW). We investigated the critical\u00a0cold plasma\u00a0factors (e.g. feeding\u00a0gas, plasma treatment and retention time) in order to propose the most cost-effective alternative and shed light on the underlying regeneration mechanisms. The different SERS analysis case scenarios (analyte's class , concentration andcross check) were considered, in order to simulate real SERS measurements conditions/requirements. In practical terms, such an approach will contribute to a significant reduction of the detection costs, revealing the NSP-DBD process as a flexible, fast, green, effective and low-cost solution towards the SERS substrates regeneration.", "keywords": ["02 engineering and technology", "0210 nano-technology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102330"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Surfaces%20and%20Interfaces", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102330", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102330", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102330"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "astro-ph/0204029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:29:17Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Fuel-Supply-Limited Stellar Relaxation Oscillations: Application to Multiple Rings around AGB Stars and Planetary Nebulae", "description": "Open Access15 pages TeX, 1 ps figure submitted to ApJ", "keywords": ["Astrophysics (astro-ph)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Astrophysics", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Van Horn, H. M., Thomas, J. H., Frank, A., Blackman, E. G.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/astro-ph/0204029"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "astro-ph/0204029", "name": "item", "description": "astro-ph/0204029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/astro-ph/0204029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/09593330.2013.824012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:18:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-20", "title": "Household Anaerobic Digester For Bioenergy Production In Developing Countries: Opportunities And Challenges", "description": "Access to clean and affordable energy is vital for advancing development objectives, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. There are some three billion people in these regions, however, who lack consistent access to energy and rely on traditional solid fuels such as firewood, cattle manure, and crop residues for meeting cooking and heating needs. Excessive use of such highly polluting resources creates serious environmental, social and public health issues. In this context, household digesters (which convert readily available feedstocks such as cattle manure, human excreta, and crop residues into biogas) have the potential to play a significant role in supplying methane as a clean, renewable energy resource for remote geographies. In addition to bioenergy production, the slurry generated from anaerobic digestion is rich in nutrients and can improve the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of soil when applied to agricultural land. This type of approach has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions while simultaneously improving the quality of life. Despite a long history of research and innovation for the development and optimization of household digesters, little is known and has been reported for the application of these systems in decentralized communities. The primary purpose of this paper seeks to review the dearth of literature pertaining to small-scale anaerobic digesters in remote geographies and in regions where much of the world's population reside.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sewage", "1. No poverty", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Manure", "Bioreactors", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Animals", "Humans", "Cattle", "Anaerobiosis", "Biomass", "Developing Countries", "Biotechnology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.824012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/09593330.2013.824012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/09593330.2013.824012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/09593330.2013.824012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-14", "title": "Surface Organic Carbon Enrichment To Explain Greater Co2 Emissions From Short-Term No-Tilled Soils", "description": "The impact of agricultural practices on CO2 emissions from soils needs to be understood and quantified to enhance ecosystem functions, especially the ability of soils to sequester atmospheric carbon (C), while enhancing food and biomass production. The objective of this study was to assess CO2 emissions in the soil surface following tillage abandonment and to investigate some of the underlying soil physical, chemical and biological controls. Maize (Zea mays) was planted under conventional tillage (T) and no-tillage (NT), both without crop residues under smallholder farming conditions in Potshini, South Africa. Intact top-soil (0\u20130.05 m) core samples (N = 54) from three 5 \u00d7 15 m2 plots per treatment were collected two years after conversion of T to NT to evaluate the short-term CO2 emissions. Depending on the treatment, cores were left intact, compacted by 5 and 10 or had surface crusts removed. They were incubated for 20 days with measurements of CO2 fluxes twice a day during the first three days and once a day thereafter. Soil organic C (SOC) content, soil bulk density (\u03c1b), aggregate stability, soil organic matter quality, and microbial biomass and its activity were evaluated at the onset of the incubation. CO2 emissions were 22% lower under NT compared with T with CO2 emissions of 0.9 \u00b1 0.10 vs 1.1 \u00b1 0.10 mg C\u2013CO2 gC\u22121 day\u22121 under NT and T, respectively, suggesting greater SOC protection under NT. However, there were greater total CO2 emissions per unit of surface by 9% under NT compared to T (1.15 \u00b1 0.03 vs 1.05 \u00b1 0.04 g C\u2013CO2 m\u22122 day\u22121). SOC protection significantly increased with the increase in soil bulk density (r = 0.89) and aggregate stability (from 1.7 \u00b1 0.25 mm to 2.3 \u00b1 0.31, r = 0.50), and to the decrease in microbial biomass and its activity (r = \u22120.59 and \u22120.57, respectively). In contrast, the greater NT CO2 emissions per m2 were explained by top-soil enrichment in SOC by 48% (from 12.4 \u00b1 0.2 to 19.1 \u00b1 0.4 g kg\u22121, r = 0.59). These results on the soil controls of tillage impact on CO2 emissions are expected to inform on the required shifts in agricultural practices for enhancing C sequestration in soils. In the context of the study, any mechanism favoring aggregate stability and promoting SOC allocation deep in the soil profile rather than in the top-soil would greatly diminish soil CO2 outputs and thus stimulate C sequestration.", "keywords": ["550", "non travail du sol", "ma\u00efs", "No-tillage", "no-tillage", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Soil Science", "maize", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Sciences de la Terre", "dioxyde de carbone", "non labour", "Climate change", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du sol", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "No-tillage;Carbon dioxide;Climate change;Maize;Small holders;Africa", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "climate change", "Small holders", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "\u00e9mission d'azote", "Africa", "8. Economic growth", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "afrique du sud", "small holders", "azote du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC10926174", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:28:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-11", "title": "Microbial biotechnology and beyond: A roadmap for sustainable development and climate mitigation in the transition from fossil fuels to green chemistry", "description": "AbstractOur planet, which operates as a closed system, is facing increasing entropy due to human activities such as the overexploitation of natural resources and fossil fuel use. The COP28 in Dubai emphasized the urgency to abandon fossil fuels, recognizing them as the primary cause of human\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced environmental changes, while highlighting the need to transition to renewable energies. We promote the crucial role of microbes for sustaining biogenic cycles to combat climate change and the economic potential of synthetic biology tools for producing diverse non\uffe2\uff80\uff90fossil fuels and chemicals, thus contributing to emission reduction in transport and industry. The shift to \uffe2\uff80\uff98green chemistry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 encounters challenges, derived from the availability of non\uffe2\uff80\uff90food residues and waste (mainly lignocellulosic) as raw material, the construction of cost\uffe2\uff80\uff90effective bioprocessing plants, product recovery from fermentation broths and the utilization of leftover lignin residues for synthesizing new chemicals, aligning with circular economy and sustainable development goals. To meet the Paris Agreement goals, an urgent global shift to low\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbon, renewable sources is imperative, ultimately leading to the cessation of our reliance on fossil fuels.Metasurfaces have emerged as a breakthrough platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale and enabling on\uffe2\uff80\uff90demand optical functionalities for next\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biosensing, imaging, and light\uffe2\uff80\uff90generating photonic devices. However, translating this technology to practical applications requires low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput fabrication methods. Due to the limited choice of materials with suitable optical properties, it is particularly challenging to produce metasurfaces for the technologically relevant mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared spectral range. These constraints are overcome by realizing functional metasurfaces on almost completely transparent free\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxide membranes. A versatile nanofabrication process is developed and implemented for highly efficient dielectric and plasmonic mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared metasurfaces with wafer\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale and complementary metal\uffe2\uff80\uff93oxide\uffe2\uff80\uff93semiconductor (CMOS)\uffe2\uff80\uff90compatible manufacturing techniques. The advantages of this method are revealed by demonstrating highly uniform and functional metasurfaces, including high\uffe2\uff80\uff90Q structures enabling fine spectral selectivity, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90area metalenses\uffc2\uffa0with\uffc2\uffa0diffraction\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited focusing capabilities, and birefringent metasurfaces providing polarization control at record\uffe2\uff80\uff90high conversion efficiencies.\uffc2\uffa0 Aluminum plasmonic devices and their integration into microfluidics for real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time and label\uffe2\uff80\uff90free mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared biosensing of proteins and lipid vesicles are further demonstrated. The versatility of this approach and its compatibility with mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90production processes bring infrared metasurfaces markedly closer to commercial applications, such as thermal imaging, spectroscopy, and biosensing.Exploring global anthropogenic heat and its effects on climate change is necessary and meaningful to gain a better understanding of human\uffe2\uff80\uff93environment interactions caused by growing energy consumption. However, the variation in regional energy consumption and limited data availability make estimating long-term global anthropogenic heat flux (AHF) challenging. Thus, using high-resolution population density data (30 arc-second) and a top-down inventory-based approach, this study developed a new global gridded AHF dataset covering 1970\uffe2\uff80\uff932050 based historically on energy consumption data from the British Petroleum (BP); future projections were built on estimated future energy demands. The globally averaged terrestrial AHFs were estimated at 0.05, 0.13, and 0.16\uffe2\uff80\uff89W/m2 in 1970, 2015, and 2050, respectively, but varied greatly among countries and regions. Multiple validation results indicate that the past and future global gridded AHF (PF-AHF) dataset has reasonable accuracy in reflecting AHF at various scales. The PF-AHF dataset has longer time series and finer spatial resolution than previous data and provides powerful support for studying long-term climate change at various scales.Bioenergy is becoming an important option in Global Change mitigation policy world\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide. In agriculture, cultivation of energy crops for biodiesel, biogas, or bioethanol production received considerable attention in the past decades. Beyond this, the cultivation of Miscanthus, used as solid fuel for combustion, may lead to an increase in soil organic matter content compared to other agricultural land use, since C\uffe2\uff80\uff90sequestration potential in soils of Miscanthus crops is high due to, e.g., high amounts of harvest residues. This may indirectly contribute to a reduction of atmospheric CO2 concentration. The objective of the present work was to investigate the development of soil organic carbon and Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C contents, as well as to estimate carbon stocks in soils cultivated with Miscanthus using 13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90natural\uffe2\uff80\uff90abundance technique. The investigations were carried out in relation to soil depth up to 150\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm in a sequence of 2, 5, and 16 y of cultivation relative to a reference soil cultivated with cereals. Amounts of total organic C (TOC) and Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C (Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90C) increased with increasing duration of cultivation. For example, TOC increased from 12.8 to 21.3 g C\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 after 16 y of cultivation at the depth of 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm, whereby the portion of Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90C reached 5.8 g C\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931. Also within deeper soil layers down to 60\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth a significant enhancement of Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90C was detectable even though TOC contents were not significantly enhanced. At soil depth below 60\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm, no significant differences between treatments were found for Miscanthus\uffe2\uff80\uff90C. Within 16 y of continuous commercial farming, Miscanthus stands accumulated a total of 17.7 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931 derived from Miscanthus residues (C4\uffe2\uff80\uff90C), which is equivalent to 1.1 Mg C4\uffe2\uff80\uff90C ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931 y\uffe2\uff80\uff931. The annual surplus might function as CO2 credit within a greenhouse\uffe2\uff80\uff90gas balance. Moreover, the beneficial properties of Miscanthus cultivation combined with a low requirement on fertilization may justify the status of Miscanthus as a sustainable low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input bioenergy crop.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Daniel Felten, Christoph Emmerling,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100250"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Nutrition%20and%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jpln.201100250", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jpln.201100250", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jpln.201100250"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.286", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-12", "title": "Impacts Of Co-Location, Co-Production, And Process Energy Source On Life Cycle Energy Use And Greenhouse Gas Emissions Of Lignocellulosic Ethanol", "description": "AbstractThe performance of lignocellulosic ethanol in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fossil energy use when substituting for gasoline depends on production technologies and system decisions, many of which have not been considered in life cycle studies. We investigate ethanol production from short rotation forestry feedstock via an uncatalyzed steam explosion pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis process developed by Mascoma Canada, Inc., and examine a set of production system decisions (co\uffe2\uff80\uff90location, co\uffe2\uff80\uff90production, and process energy options) in terms of their influence on life cycle emissions and energy consumption. All production options are found to reduce emissions and petroleum use relative to gasoline on a well\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90wheel (WTW) basis; GHG reductions vary by production scenario. Land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use\uffe2\uff80\uff90change effects are not included due to a lack of applicable data on short rotation forestry feedstock. Ethanol production with wood pellet co\uffe2\uff80\uff90product, displacing coal in electricity generation, performs best amongst co\uffe2\uff80\uff90products in terms of GHG mitigation (\uffe2\uff88\uff92109% relative to gasoline, WTW basis). Maximizing pellet output, although requiring import of predominately fossil\uffe2\uff80\uff90based process energy, improves overall GHG\uffe2\uff80\uff90mitigation performance (\uffe2\uff88\uff92130% relative to gasoline, WTW). Similarly, lower ethanol yields result in greater GHG reductions because of increased co\uffe2\uff80\uff90product output. Co\uffe2\uff80\uff90locating ethanol production with facilities exporting excess steam and biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90based electricity (e.g. pulp mills) achieves the greatest GHG mitigation (\uffe2\uff88\uff92174% relative to gasoline, WTW) by maximizing pellet output and utilizing low\uffe2\uff80\uff90GHG process energy. By exploiting co\uffe2\uff80\uff90location opportunities and strategically selecting co\uffe2\uff80\uff90products, lignocellulosic ethanol can provide large emission reductions, particularly if based upon sustainably grown, high yield, low input feedstocks. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.286"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.286", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.286", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.286"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.294", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-14", "title": "Impact Assessment At The Bioenergy-Water Nexus", "description": "AbstractBioenergy expansion can significantly impact water resources in the region in which it occurs. Investment, policy, and resource management decisions related to bioenergy should therefore take this critical consideration into account. Water resource impacts can defy easy quantification because water consumption varies spatially and temporally, different water sources are not necessarily commensurable, and impact depends on the state of the resource base that is drawn upon. This perspective offers an assessment framework that operators and policy\uffe2\uff80\uff90makers can use in evaluating projects to avoid or mitigate detrimental effects. We adapt water footprint (WF) and life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques to the bioenergy context, describing comprehensive life cycle inventory (LCI) approaches that account for blue and green water use as well as for pollution effects, varying sources, coproduct allocation, and spatial heterogeneity. Impact assessment requires that characterization (weighting) factors be derived so that consumption values can be summed and compared across resources and locations. We recommend that characterization draw on metrics of water stress, accounting for environmental flow requirements, climatic variability, and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linearity of water stress effects. Finally, we describe some location\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific impacts of concern that may not be revealed through common analytical approaches and may warrant closer consideration. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kevin Fingerman, Stuart Orr, Brian Richter, P. Vugteveen, G\u00f6ran Berndes,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.294"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.294", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.294", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.294"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eap.1489", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-20", "title": "Limits On Carbon Sequestration In Arid Blue Carbon Ecosystems", "description": "AbstractCoastal ecosystems produce and sequester significant amounts of carbon (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cblue carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff9d), which has been well documented in humid and semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90humid regions of temperate and tropical climates but less so in arid regions where mangroves, marshes, and seagrasses exist near the limit of their tolerance for extreme temperature and salinity. To better understand these unique systems, we measured whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecosystem carbon stocks in 58 sites across the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in natural and planted mangroves, salt marshes, seagrass beds, microbial mats, and coastal sabkha (inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and supratidal unvegetated salt flats). Natural mangroves held significantly more carbon in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground biomass than other vegetated ecosystems. Planted mangrove carbon stocks increased with age, but there were large differences for sites of similar age. Soil carbon varied widely across sites (2\uffe2\uff80\uff93367 Mg C/ha), with ecosystem averages that ranged from 49 to 156 Mg C/ha. For the first time, microbial mats were documented to contain soil carbon pools comparable to vascular plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated ecosystems, and could arguably be recognized as a unique blue carbon ecosystem. Total ecosystem carbon stocks ranged widely from 2 to 515 Mg C/ha (seagrass bed and mangrove, respectively). Seagrass beds had the lowest carbon stock per unit area, but the largest stock per total area due to their large spatial coverage. Compared to similar ecosystems globally, mangroves and marshes in the UAE have lower plant and soil carbon stocks; however, the difference in soil stocks is far larger than with plant stocks. This incongruent difference between stocks is likely due to poor carbon preservation under conditions of weakly reduced soils (200\uffe2\uff80\uff93350\uffc2\uffa0mV), coarse\uffe2\uff80\uff90grained sediments, and active shoreline migration. This work represents the first attempt to produce a country\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide coastal ecosystem carbon accounting using a uniform sampling protocol, and was motivated by specific policy goals identified by the Abu Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative. These carbon stock data supported two objectives: to quantify carbon stocks and infer sequestration capacity in arid blue carbon ecosystems, and to explore the potential to incorporate blue carbon science into national reporting and planning documents.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon Sequestration", "Alismatales", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "Life Sciences", "United Arab Emirates", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1489"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eap.1489", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eap.1489", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eap.1489"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/adma.202102232", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-08", "title": "Wafer\u2010Scale Functional Metasurfaces for Mid\u2010Infrared Photonics and Biosensing", "description": "AbstractMetasurfaces have emerged as a breakthrough platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale and enabling on\uffe2\uff80\uff90demand optical functionalities for next\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biosensing, imaging, and light\uffe2\uff80\uff90generating photonic devices. However, translating this technology to practical applications requires low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput fabrication methods. Due to the limited choice of materials with suitable optical properties, it is particularly challenging to produce metasurfaces for the technologically relevant mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared spectral range. These constraints are overcome by realizing functional metasurfaces on almost completely transparent free\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxide membranes. A versatile nanofabrication process is developed and implemented for highly efficient dielectric and plasmonic mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared metasurfaces with wafer\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale and complementary metal\uffe2\uff80\uff93oxide\uffe2\uff80\uff93semiconductor (CMOS)\uffe2\uff80\uff90compatible manufacturing techniques. The advantages of this method are revealed by demonstrating highly uniform and functional metasurfaces, including high\uffe2\uff80\uff90Q structures enabling fine spectral selectivity, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90area metalenses\uffc2\uffa0with\uffc2\uffa0diffraction\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited focusing capabilities, and birefringent metasurfaces providing polarization control at record\uffe2\uff80\uff90high conversion efficiencies.\uffc2\uffa0 Aluminum plasmonic devices and their integration into microfluidics for real\uffe2\uff80\uff90time and label\uffe2\uff80\uff90free mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared biosensing of proteins and lipid vesicles are further demonstrated. The versatility of this approach and its compatibility with mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90production processes bring infrared metasurfaces markedly closer to commercial applications, such as thermal imaging, spectroscopy, and biosensing.Whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90cell inorganic\uffe2\uff80\uff90biohybrid systems, integrating inorganic photosensitizers with intact living cells, have shown great potential for solar hydrogen production. However, the typical whole cell biohybrid system often suffers from the sluggish kinetics of electron transfer in the transmembrane diffusion process, which severely restrict their photocatalytic activity. Here, a unique periplasmic photosensitized biohybrid system is constructed by translocating CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) into the Shewanella oneidensis MR\uffe2\uff80\uff901 (SW) cells that express periplasmic hydrogenases. The photoexcitation and electron transfer processes of QDs photosensitizers occur simultaneously in the periplasm of SW cells, which reduces the distance for electron transport and avoids the extra energy loss involved in the transmembrane process. As expected, the photocatalytic H2 generation of the fabricated biohybrid system is 8.6 times higher than that of bare QDs under visible light irradiation. Moreover, the good viability and stability of this biohybrid system endow it with an excellent sustained hydrogen production within 45 h, representing the most stable biohybrid among the reported whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90cell biohybrid H2 production systems. This work provides a novel insight into the construction of a robust whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90cell biohybrid system for solar hydrogen production.The EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED) targets, implemented to achieve climate change mitigation, affect the level of agricultural production in the EU and in the rest of the world. This article presents an impact assessment of increased biomass supply under different sustainability constraints on land use and resulting total GHG emissions at global and EU level. We apply GLOBIOM, a global partial equilibrium model integrating the agricultural, livestock, bioenergy and forestry sectors based on geographically explicit modeling of supply under prescribed demand. According to the model, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture and land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change (LUC) are anticipated to rise significantly up to 2030 due to various drivers (among others: GDP and population, diet shifts, and also bioenergy demand) despite basic sustainability criteria implemented by the RED (Reference scenario). Applying additional criteria, mainly protecting biodiversity outside the EU, overall GHG emissions can be reduced by 5% in 2030 compared to the Reference. Deforestation area decreases in this scenario slightly due to exclusion of high biodiversity forests but also due to increasing demand for energy wood that makes forests more valuable. If, however, in addition, deforestation is prevented through effective land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use policies, global GHG emissions can be reduced by 20% (compared to the Reference scenario). We conclude that sustainability criteria applied to biofuel production and imports only, do not mitigate potential negative impacts on total GHG emissions effectively. Unsustainable biomass production in sectors not covered by the bioenergy criteria can be best avoided by targeting deforestation and biodiversity loss directly. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons,\uffe2\uff80\uff89Ltd
", "keywords": ["forests", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "333", "12. Responsible consumption", "co2 emissions", "crisis", "carbon sink", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1369"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1369", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1369", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1369"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1396", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-19", "title": "Assessing The Effect Of Stricter Sustainability Criteria On Eu Biomass Crop Potential", "description": "AbstractThis paper investigates how different sustainability criteria restrict the supply of cropped biomass sources within the EU. There are already mandatory sustainability criteria formulated in the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) at EU level for biomass feedstocks to be used for conversion into biofuels. For solid and gaseous biomass feedstock, however, there are only recommendations formulated by the European Commission (EC) to be adopted on a voluntary basis by the EU member states (MS). This paper specifically focuses on the potential supply of biomass from crops for all bioenergy sectors when applying stricter sustainability criteria. These criteria relate to greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation targets, including indirect land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change (iLUC) related GHG emissions, and the introduction of no\uffe2\uff80\uff90go areas, such as areas of high biodiversity value and high carbon stock. The results show that stricter criteria indeed reduce the cropping potential and change the crop mix significantly, as rotational arable crops for biofuels do no longer comply with the stricter mitigation criteria. This is because they usually compete with food and feed crops for higher quality land requiring a compensation for iLUC emissions. The stricter sustainability criteria can only be applied successfully if they are accompanied by a change in demand, in particular for lignocellulosic biomass for advanced biofuels and other bioenergy uses. Without stimulation of such pathways, it will be difficult to realize improved sustainability in the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy sector. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["economic-analysis", "330", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "conservation", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "333", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1396"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1396", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1396", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1396"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-12", "title": "The \u2018Debt\u2019 Is In The Detail: A Synthesis Of Recent Temporal Forest Carbon Analyses On Woody Biomass For\u2009Energy", "description": "AbstractThe temporal imbalance between the release and sequestration of forest carbon has raised a fundamental concern about the climate mitigation potential of forest biomass for energy. The potential carbon debt caused by harvest and the resulting time spans needed to reach pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvest carbon levels (payback) or those of a reference case (parity) have become important parameters for climate and bioenergy policy developments. The present range of analyses however varies in assumptions, regional scopes, and conclusions. Comparing these modeling efforts, we reveal that they apply different principle modeling frameworks while results are largely affected by the same parameters. The size of the carbon debt is mostly determined by the type and amount of biomass harvested and whether land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change emissions need to be accounted for. Payback times are mainly determined by plant growth rates, i.e. the forest biome, tree species, site productivity and management. Parity times are primarily influenced by the choice and construction of the reference scenario and fossil carbon displacement efficiencies. Using small residual biomass (harvesting/processing), deadwood from highly insect\uffe2\uff80\uff90infected sites, or new plantations on highly productive or marginal land offers (almost) immediate net carbon benefits. Their eventual climate mitigation potential however is determined by the effectiveness of the fossil fuel displacement. We deem it therefore unsuitable to define political guidance by feedstock alone. Current global wood pellet production is predominantly residue based. Production increases based on low\uffe2\uff80\uff90grade stemwood are expected in regions with a downturn in the local wood product sector, highlighting the importance of accounting for regional forest carbon trends. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["carbon payback", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "carbon neutrality", "02 engineering and technology", "bioenergy", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "forest biomass", "carbon parity", "Temporal carbon", "carbon debt", "SDG 15 - Life on Land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1407"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1407", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1407"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1418", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-09", "title": "Developments In Crops And Management Systems To Improve Lignocellulosic Feedstock Production", "description": "AbstractThere is an urgent need to develop viable, renewable, sustainable energy systems that can reduce global dependence on fossil fuel sources of energy. Biofuels such as ethanol are being utilized as blends in surface transportation fuels and have the potential to improve sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the short term. Bioethanol, the most widely used liquid biofuel, is currently produced by converting sugars or starches from feed crops into ethanol. Use of this fuel source displaces and draws water consumption away from agricultural crops, increases soil erosion by shifting land from perennial grasses to annual crops, and increases use of fertilizers and insecticides. In contrast, bioethanol made from lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks does not have these limitations and in addition, offers a larger resource base: the amount of cellulosic material available for potential use vastly outweighs the amount of available starch\uffe2\uff80\uff90based feedstock. Therefore, bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted considerable interest from biofuel developers. This review is an update of some developments to optimize cellulose extraction from feedstock crops and to improve crop yields and logistics. It concludes that agricultural and forestry systems that incorporate lignocellulosic biomass crops can be designed for improved ecological function and energy use efficiency. Development of crops that have both desirable cell\uffe2\uff80\uff90wall traits and high biomass productivity under sustainable low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input conditions can significantly enhance the economics and efficiency of the conversion process. Optimizing the logistics of moving feedstock from field or forest to bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90refinery can significantly reduce costs of using lignocellulosic feedstocks. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1418"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1418", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1418", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1418"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-24", "title": "The Watershed-Scale Optimized And Rearranged Landscape Design (World) Model And Local Biomass Processing Depots For Sustainable Biofuel Production: Integrated Life Cycle Assessments", "description": "AbstractAn array of feedstock is being evaluated as potential raw material for cellulosic biofuel production. Thorough assessments are required in regional landscape settings before these feedstocks can be cultivated and sustainable management practices can be implemented. On the processing side, a potential solution to the logistical challenges of large biorefineries is provided by a network of distributed processing facilities called local biomass processing depots. A large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale cellulosic ethanol industry is likely to emerge soon in the United States. We have the opportunity to influence the sustainability of this emerging industry. The watershed\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale optimized and rearranged landscape design (WORLD) model estimates land allocations for different cellulosic feedstocks at biorefinery scale without displacing current animal nutrition requirements. This model also incorporates a network of the aforementioned depots. An integrated life cycle assessment is then conducted over the unified system of optimized feedstock production, processing, and associated transport operations to evaluate net energy yields (NEYs) and environmental impacts.
A sustainability assessment was conducted in a nine\uffe2\uff80\uff90county region of Michigan for the categories of cellulosic ethanol production, soil characteristics, water quality, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Making significant changes such as introducing perennial grasses, riparian buffers and double crops in current landscapes provides the largest absolute NEYs of about 53 GJ/ha while also attaining 120% gains in soil organic carbon, 103% lower nitrogen leaching, and 68% reductions in net GHG emissions (compared to a baseline of current conventional landscapes). Interestingly, minimizing certain environmental impacts also provides greater NEYs. \uffc2\uffa9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1426"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.1426", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.1426"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-06", "title": "Feasibility of using phytoremediation biomass for sustainable biofuel production via thermochemical conversion", "description": "AbstractThis study explores a novel approach that combines soil recovery with biofuel production, presenting a strategy that addresses the increasing demand for biofuels while sidestepping the food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel debate. It also introduces an innovative method for recovering heavy metals from soils through their translocation into the solid product of the conversion process. Phytoremediation trials were conducted under real field conditions, and the thermochemical conversion of the harvested biomass was carried out at lab scale. Field trials took place in 2021\uffe2\uff80\uff932023 in Lithuania and Serbia. In Serbia, the contamination primarily involved heavy metals, whereas the Lithuanian site was predominantly contaminated with hydrocarbons from petroleum products. The harvested biomass underwent pretreatment and was then used as feedstock for conversion into high\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy carriers. The conversion products were evaluated for their potential to substitute fossil fuels. Finally, the value chain, encompassing key stakeholders and factors impacting the profitability of this approach, was established, and initial estimates were made regarding the size of individual cost components.The main objective of this life cycle assessment (LCA) study is to determine the environmental consequences of the inclusion of second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuels (bioethanol from palm oil biomass) toward current palm oil biodiesel production through a \uffe2\uff80\uff98seed\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90wheel\uffe2\uff80\uff99 LCA analysis. Their energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission indicators are evaluated with consequential approach for system delimitation. Although all scenarios provide positive environmental impact, it is found that the inclusion of bioethanol production in the current palm oil processing will decrease the net energy ratio (NER) and net carbon emission ratio (NCER) values by 27.5% and 66.6%, respectively. Moreover, carbon emission savings (CES) value is also found to decrease by a total of 21.9%. This indicates that a higher amount of energy input and GHG emissions is actually required for the bioethanol processing than the amount of energy it will produce and the GHG from fossil fuels it will displace. The sensitivity analysis performed on the yields of bioethanol shows that the minimum conversion threshold should be larger than 60% in order to have a higher energy and GHG emission ratio than current palm oil biodiesel processing. Sensitivity analysis on direct land use change and waste\uffe2\uff80\uff90water treatment is also carried out which discourages the expansion of palm oil plantation to primary forest (including peatland) and emphasizes the need for a biogas harvesting system. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.271"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.271", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.271", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.271"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.276", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-28", "title": "The Indirect Effects Of Biofuels And What To Do About Them: The Case Of Grass Biomethane And Its Impact On Livestock", "description": "AbstractGrass biomethane surpasses the 60% greenhouse gas (GHG) savings relative to the fossil fuel replaced required by EU Directive 2009/28/EC. However, there are growing concerns that when the indirect effects of biofuels are taken into account, GHG savings may become negative. There has been no research to date into the indirect effects of grass biomethane; this paper aims to fill that knowledge gap. A causal\uffe2\uff80\uff90descriptive assessment is carried out and identifies the likely indirect effect of a grass biomethane industry in Ireland as a reduction in beef exports to the UK. Three main scenarios are then analyzed: an increase in indigenous UK beef production, an increase in beef imported to the UK from other countries (EU, New Zealand and Brazil), and a decrease in beef consumption leading to increased poultry consumption. The GHG emissions from each of these scenarios are determined and the resulting savings relative to fossil diesel vary between \uffe2\uff80\uff93636% and 102%. The significance of the findings is then discussed. It is the view of the authors that, while consideration of indirect effects is important, an Irish grass biomethane industry cannot be held accountable for the associated emissions. A global GHG accounting system is therefore proposed; however, the difficulty of implementing such a system is acknowledged, as is its probable ineffectualness. Such a system would not treat the source of the problem \uffe2\uff80\uff93 rising consumption. The authors conclude that the most effective method of combating the indirect effects of biofuels is a reduction in general consumption. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2100/2105", "2. Zero hunger", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy", "Sustainability and the Environment", "330", "name=Bioengineering", "name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "name=Renewable Energy", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1500/1502", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.276"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.276", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.276", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.276"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.325", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-01", "title": "Biofuels: Ethics And Policy-Making", "description": "AbstractMandatory targets for biofuels have led to their rapid global adoption, but ethical problems with their large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale production are widely reported. Research is underway to find new biofuel technologies that mitigate climate change and can be produced sustainably and economically. Following an 18\uffe2\uff80\uff90month inquiry, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics has developed an ethical framework for biofuels policy\uffe2\uff80\uff90making. Based on a number of widely held ethical values, six ethical principles are introduced that should be considered in biofuels policy\uffe2\uff80\uff90making. Many current biofuels policies fail this ethical \uffe2\uff80\uff98test\uffe2\uff80\uff99. An overarching ethical standard for biofuels is proposed that includes the protection of human rights and the environment, full life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions, trade principles that are fair, access and benefit\uffe2\uff80\uff90sharing schemes to encourage equitable distribution of costs and benefits, and instruments to incentivize the development of promising new approaches. The Council goes on to make recommendations for changes to current policy. \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "3. Good health"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Joyce Tait, Alena Buyx,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.325"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.325", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.325", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.325"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bse.2725", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-15", "title": "How to innovate business models for a circular bio\u2010economy?", "description": "AbstractShifting from a linear to a circular bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economy requires new business models. The objective was getting insights into the uncharted research field of business model innovation for a circular and sustainable bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economy within the agrifood sector. Eight European cases valorising agricultural waste and by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products by closing loops or cascading were studied regarding their innovation drivers and elements, via interviews, on\uffe2\uff80\uff90site visits and secondary data. In this domain, the findings highlight that business model innovations are depending on the (i) macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90environmental institutional\uffe2\uff80\uff90legal conditions and market trends, (ii) driven by internal economic, environmental and/or social objectives, but especially strongly linked to (iii) other actors often from different sectors seeking synergies and (iv) value co\uffe2\uff80\uff90creation via combined organisational and technological innovations. Business models for a circular bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economy thus depend on various action levels and need radical combined organisational and technological innovations for a most efficient usage of agricultural waste and by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products. This also means new business configurations instead of linear innovation strategies currently still being dominant due to economic viability.
", "keywords": ["330", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "circular economy", "bio-economy", "650", "sustainability", "7. Clean energy", "innovation", "[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "agricultural waste and by-products", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "business models", "[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences", "co-creation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/bse.2725"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2725"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Business%20Strategy%20and%20the%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bse.2725", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bse.2725", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bse.2725"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/chin.201329032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-01", "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Direct Cyanation of C(sp3)\u2014H Bonds.", "description": "AbstractThe functionalization of aliphatic C\uffe2\uff80\uff94H bonds is achieved by direct photolytic cyanation with TosCN.The research on the potential of cavitation exploitation is currently an extremely interesting topic. To reduce the costs and time of the cavitation reactor optimization, nowadays, experimental optimization is supplemented and even replaced using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). One of the approaches towards sustainable water treatment is the use of the cavitation reactor with bluff elements mounted on its stator and rotor. The experimental results show that, besides the rotational speed, the spacing of the rotor pins has the most significant effect on the cavitation intensity and effectiveness, while the pin diameter and the surface roughness are less significant design parameters. The present paper uses a simplified CFD approach to investigate the conditions in the reactor and to select the optimal among a number of geometry variations.
", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "computational fluid dynamics", "02 engineering and technology", "ra\u010dunalni\u0161ka dinamika teko\u010din", "hydrodynamic cavitation generators", "generatorji hidrodinamske kavitacije", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "kavitacija", "Editor's Choice", "cavitation", "numerical simulation", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "numeri\u010dne simulacije", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "cavitation", " computational fluid dynamics", " numerical simulation", " hydrodynamic cavitation generators", "kavitacija", " ra\u010dunalni\u0161ka dinamika teko\u010din", " numeri\u010dne simulacije", " generatorji hidrodinamske kavitacije", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532:519.2"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gosti\u0161a, Jurij, Dre\u0161ar, Primo\u017e, Ho\u010devar, Marko, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Chemical%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/cjce.24572", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/cjce.24572", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/cjce.24572"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/er.1853", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-11", "title": "Comparative Resource Analyses For Ethanol Produced From Corn And Sugarcane In Different Climatic Zones", "description": "SUMMARY Comparative analysis of resource input for ethanol produced from corn and sugarcane in temperate, dry, and tropical climate zones was conducted. Parameters such as the Net Energy Value (NEV), water requirement, land requirement, carbon dioxide emission with and without impact of changes in land use, and fertilizer released to the environment\u2014as surface runoff for nitrogen and phosphate, were compared for corn and sugarcane ethanol production. The estimates of NEV for corn ethanol varied from \u2212462 to 1757\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121, while those of sugarcane ethanol were between 16\u2009057 and 17\u2009092\u2009kJ\u2009l\u22121 for the three climatic zones considered in this study. The results of the study also indicate that ethanol produced from sugarcane uses less or comparable amount of resources in contrast to ethanol produced from corn. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Asfaw Beyene, Temesgen Garoma, Monia Ben-Khaled,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Energy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/er.1853", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/er.1853", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/er.1853"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/essoar.10508179.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2021-10-08", "title": "Neutrons fast and slow: Boron-based Large-scale Observation of Soil Moisture (BLOSM)", "description": "The ratio between slow or thermal ( 2.2 km/s) neutrons is known to be a good measure of the amount of water present in a radius of about 300m from the measurement. COSMOS detec...", "keywords": ["7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nick Van De Giesen, Edward van Amelrooij,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10508179.1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/essoar.10508179.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/essoar.10508179.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/essoar.10508179.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/essoar.10512902.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-26", "title": "Pre-industrial, present and future atmospheric soluble iron deposition and the role of aerosol acidity and oxalate under CMIP6 emissions", "description": "AbstractAtmospheric iron (Fe) deposition to the open ocean affects net primary productivity, nitrogen fixation, and carbon uptake. We investigate changes in soluble Fe (SFe) deposition from the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90industrial period to the late 21st century using the EC\uffe2\uff80\uff90Earth3\uffe2\uff80\uff90Iron Earth System model. EC\uffe2\uff80\uff90Earth3\uffe2\uff80\uff90Iron considers various sources of Fe, including dust, fossil fuel combustion, and biomass burning, and features comprehensive atmospheric chemistry, representing atmospheric oxalate, sulfate, and Fe cycles. We show that anthropogenic activity has changed the magnitude and spatial distribution of SFe deposition by increasing combustion Fe emissions and atmospheric acidity and oxalate levels. We report that SFe deposition has doubled since the early industrial era, using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 emission inventory. We highlight acidity as the main solubilization pathway for dust\uffe2\uff80\uff90Fe and oxalate\uffe2\uff80\uff90promoted processing for the solubilization of combustion\uffe2\uff80\uff90Fe. We project a global SFe deposition increase of 40% by the late 21st century relative to present day under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 3\uffe2\uff80\uff937.0, which assumes weak climate change mitigation policies. Conversely, SSPs with stronger mitigation pathways (1\uffe2\uff80\uff932.6 and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff934.5) result in 35% and 10% global decreases, respectively. Despite these differences, SFe deposition increases over the equatorial Pacific and decreases in the Southern Ocean (SO) for all SSPs. We further observe that deposition over the equatorial Pacific and SO are highly sensitive to future changes in dust emissions from Australia and South America, as well as from North Africa. Future studies should focus on the potential impact of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and human\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in dust and wildfires combined.A global biofuels program will potentially lead to intense pressures on land supply and cause widespread transformations in land use. These transformations can alter the Earth climate system by increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from land use changes and by changing the reflective and energy exchange characteristics of land ecosystems. Using an integrated assessment model that links an economic model with climate, terrestrial biogeochemistry, and biogeophysics models, we examined the biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects of possible land use changes from an expanded global second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation bioenergy program on surface temperatures over the first half of the 21st century. Our integrated assessment model shows that land clearing, especially forest clearing, has two concurrent effects\uffe2\uff80\uff94increased GHG emissions, resulting in surface air warming; and large changes in the land's reflective and energy exchange characteristics, resulting in surface air warming in the tropics but cooling in temperate and polar regions. Overall, these biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects will only have a small impact on global mean surface temperature. However, the model projects regional patterns of enhanced surface air warming in the Amazon Basin and the eastern part of the Congo Basin. Therefore, global land use strategies that protect tropical forests could dramatically reduce air warming projected in these regions.
", "keywords": ["Climate impacts", "Environmental Impact Assessment", "550", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Land use", "11. Sustainability", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50352"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/grl.50352", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/grl.50352", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/grl.50352"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-15", "title": "A Viable Technology To Generate Third-Generation Biofuel", "description": "AbstractFirst generation biofuels are widely available because the production technologies are well developed. However, growth of the raw materials conflicts with food security, so that first\uffe2\uff80\uff90 generation biofuels are not so promising. The second generation of biofuels will not compete directly with food but requires several energy intensive processes to produce them, and also increases land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change, which reduces its environmental and economic feasibility. The production of third\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuels avoids the issues met with first\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and second\uffe2\uff80\uff90 generation biofuels, namely food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel competition, land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change, etc., and is thus considered a viable alternative energy resource. On all dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economical), a life cycle assessment approach is most relevant to avoid issues in problem shifting. The utilization of organic waste and carbon dioxide in flue gases for the production of biomass further increases the sustainability of third generation biofuels, as it minimizes greenhouse gas emissions and disposal problems. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Chemical%20Technology%20%26amp%3B%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jctb.2666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jctb.2666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:14:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-27", "title": "Algal Biorefinery-Based Industry: An Approach To Address Fuel And Food Insecurity For A Carbon-Smart World", "description": "Food and fuel production are intricately interconnected. In a carbon-smart society, it is imperative to produce both food and fuel sustainably. Integration of the emerging biorefinery concept with other industries can bring many environmental deliverables while mitigating several sustainability-related issues with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel usage, land use change for fuel production and future food insufficiency. A new biorefinery-based integrated industrial ecology encompasses the different value chain of products, coproducts, and services from the biorefinery industries. This paper discusses a framework to integrate the algal biofuel-based biorefinery, a booming biofuel sector, with other industries such as livestock, lignocellulosic and aquaculture. Using the USA as an example, this paper also illustrates the benefits associated with sustainable production of fuel and food. Policy and regulatory initiatives for synergistic development of the algal biofuel sector with other industries can bring many sustainable solutions for the future existence of mankind.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "0303 health sciences", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Aquaculture", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Food Supply", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Chlorophyta", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Animal Husbandry", "0405 other agricultural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Grinson-George, Bobban Subhadra,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4207"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4207"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-12", "title": "High-solids anaerobic digestion requires a trade-off between total solids, inoculum-to-substrate ratio and ammonia inhibition", "description": "Increasing total solids in anaerobic digestion can reduce the methane yield by highly complex bio-physical\u2013chemical mechanisms. Therefore, understanding those mechanisms and their main drivers becomes crucial to optimize this waste treatment biotechnology. In this study, seven batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of increasing the initial total solids in high-solids anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. With inoculum-to-substrate ratio\u2009=\u20091.5 g VS/g VS and maximum total solids \u2264\u200919.6%, mono-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste showed a methane yield\u2009=\u2009174\u2013236 NmL CH4/g VS. With inoculum-to-substrate ratio \u2264\u20091.0 g VS/g VS and maximum total solids \u2265\u200924.0%, mono-digestion experiments acidified. Co-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and beech sawdust permitted to reduce the inoculum-to-substrate ratio to 0.16 g VS/g VS while increasing total solids up to 30.2%, though achieving a lower methane yield (117\u2013156 NmL CH4/g VS). At each inoculum-to-substrate ratio, higher total solids corresponded to higher ammonia and volatile fatty acid accumulation. Thus, a 40% lower methane yield for mono-digestion was observed at a NH3 concentration \u2265\u20092.3 g N\u2013NH3/kg reactor content and total solids\u2009=\u200915.0%. Meanwhile, co-digestion lowered the nitrogen content, being the risk of acidification exacerbated only at total solids \u2265\u200920.0%. Therefore, the biodegradability of the substrate, as well as the operational total solids and inoculum-to-substrate ratio, are closely interrelated parameters determining the success of methanogenesis, but also the risk of ammonia inhibition in high-solids anaerobic digestion.", "keywords": ["Environmental Engineering", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Organic fraction of municipal solid waste", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "500", "High-solids anaerobic digestion", "02 engineering and technology", "Co-digestion", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)", "Thermophilic", "13. Climate action", "Batch experiments", "11. Sustainability", "Environmental Chemistry", "Volatile fatty acids", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Batch experiments; Co-digestion; High-solids anaerobic digestion; Methane yield; Organic fraction of municipal solid waste; Thermophilic; Volatile fatty acids; Environmental Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)", "Methane yield", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/743139/1/Batch%20Manuscript%20last%20for%20IRIS.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02961893/file/Batch%20Manuscript_revf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13762-019-02264-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12155-012-9227-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-14", "title": "Biogas Production From Maize: Current State, Challenges And Prospects. 2. Agronomic And Environmental Aspects", "description": "Several European countries have expanded the traditional use of anaerobic digestion, i.e. waste treatment, to energy generation through attractive incentives. In some countries, it is further promoted by additional payments to generate biogas from biomass. This review aims to summarise agronomic aspects of methane production from maize, to address resulting abiotic environmental effects and to highlight challenges and prospects. The opportunities of biogas production are manifold, including the mitigation of climate change, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and diversification of farm income. Although the anaerobic digestion of animal manure is regarded as the most beneficial for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from manure storage, the energy output can be substantially enhanced by co-digesting manure and maize, which is the most efficient crop for substrate provision in many regions. Although first regarded as beneficial, the rush into biogas production strongly based on maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) is being questioned in view of its environmental soundness. Main areas of concern comprise the spatial concentration of biogas plant together with the high amount of digestate and resulting pollution of surface and ground water, emission of climate-relevant gases and detrimental effects of maize cultivation on soil organic matter degradation. Key challenges that have been identified to enhance the sustainability of maize-based biogas production include (1) the design of regionally adapted maize rotations, (2) an improved management of biogas residues (BR), (3) the establishment of a more comprehensive data base for evaluating soil C fluxes in maize production as well as GHG emissions at the biogas plant and during BR storage and (4) the consideration of direct and indirect land use change impact of maize-based biogas production.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Antje Herrmann", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-012-9227-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioEnergy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12155-012-9227-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12155-012-9227-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12155-012-9227-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=7.+Clean+energy&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=7.+Clean+energy&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=7.+Clean+energy&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=7.+Clean+energy&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 1161, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-02T00:13:35.305035Z"}