{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-10", "title": "Predicted Soil Organic Carbon Stocks And Changes In The Brazilian Amazon Between 2000 And 2030", "description": "Abstract Currently we have little understanding of the impacts of land use change on soil C stocks in the Brazilian Amazon. Such information is needed to determine impacts on the global C cycle and the sustainability of agricultural systems that are replacing native forest. The aim of this study was to predict soil carbon stocks and changes in the Brazilian Amazon during the period between 2000 and 2030, using the GEFSOC soil carbon (C) modelling system. In order to do so, we devised current and future land use scenarios for the Brazilian Amazon, taking into account: (i) deforestation rates from the past three decades, (ii) census data on land use from 1940 to 2000, including the expansion and intensification of agriculture in the region, (iii) available information on management practices, primarily related to well managed pasture versus degraded pasture and conventional systems versus no-tillage systems for soybean ( Glycine max ) and (iv) FAO predictions on agricultural land use and land use changes for the years 2015 and 2030. The land use scenarios were integrated with spatially explicit soils data (SOTER database), climate, potential natural vegetation and land management units using the recently developed GEFSOC soil C modelling system. Results are presented in map, table and graph form for the entire Brazilian Amazon for the current situation (1990 and 2000) and the future (2015 and 2030). Results include soil organic C (SOC) stocks and SOC stock change rates estimated by three methods: (i) the Century ecosystem model, (ii) the Rothamsted C model and (iii) the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) method for assessing soil C at regional scale. In addition, we show estimated values of above and belowground biomass for native vegetation, pasture and soybean. The results on regional SOC stocks compare reasonably well with those based on mapping approaches. The GEFSOC system provided a means of efficiently handling complex interactions among biotic-edapho-climatic conditions (>363,000 combinations) in a very large area (\u223c500\u00a0Mha) such as the Brazilian Amazon. All of the methods used showed a decline in SOC stock for the period studied; Century and RothC simulated values for 2030 being about 7% lower than those in 1990. Values from Century and RothC (30,430 and 25,000\u00a0Tg for the 0\u201320\u00a0cm layer for the Brazilian Amazon region were higher than those obtained from the IPCC system (23,400\u00a0Tg in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer). Finally, our results can help understand the major biogeochemical cycles that influence soil fertility and help devise management strategies that enhance the sustainability of these areas and thus slow further deforestation.", "keywords": ["land use change", "2. Zero hunger", "clay loam acrisol", "550", "330", "no-tillage", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "regional-scale", "15. Life on land", "matter dynamics", "soil organic carbon", "land-use change", "long-term experiments", "southern brazil", "tropical deforestation", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "regional estimates", "eastern amazonia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11258-007-9317-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-20", "title": "Soil Acidity And Nutrient Deficiency In Central Amazonian Heath Forest Soils", "description": "Experiments were carried out to test the effects of liming and nutrient additions on plant growth and soil processes such as C and N mineralisation in three contrasting forest types in central Amazonia: the stunted facies of heath forest (SHF), the tall facies of heath forest (THF) and the surrounding lowland evergreen rain forest (LERF). Calcium-carbonate additions increased soil respiration in the field plots in the SHF; in laboratory incubations, soil respiration was higher in the SHF when soils were fertilised with N, and in THF and LERF after S additions. The addition of N alone or in different combinations generally induced a net immobilisation of soil N. Net nitrification increased during the incubation in SHF and THF soils fertilised with N+P, and in LERF soils fertilised with either N, or P, or CaCO3. In a field experiment using ingrowth bags, a higher fine root production was observed in all forest types when bags were fertilised with CaCl2 or CaCO3, suggesting that Ca may be a limiting nutrient in these soils. Calcium-carbonate addition in a glasshouse bioassay experiment with rice showed an overall positive effect on the survival and growth of the seedlings. In other treatments where soil pH was not raised, the rice showed acute toxicity symptoms, poor root and shoot growth and high mortality. Similar results were yielded in a field experiment, using naturally established seedlings in the field plots in SHF, THF and LERF. It is concluded that the acute H+ ion toxicity is a major growth-limiting factor for non-adapted plants in heath forest soils in central Amazonia.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Survival", "Seedling", "Forest Soil", "Growth", "Soil Chemistry", "South America", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Root", "Amazonia", "Mortality", "Nutrient Limitation", "Acid Soil", "Heathland"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Luiz\u00e3o, Fl\u00e1vio Jesus, Luiz\u00e2o, Regina Celi Costa, Proctor, John,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-007-9317-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11258-007-9317-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11258-007-9317-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11258-007-9317-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-05", "title": "Effects Of Forest Conversion To Pasture On Soil Carbon Content And Dynamics In Brazilian Amazonia", "description": "Abstract Soils play an important role in the carbon cycle, and deforestation in the tropics affects both soil carbon storage and CO2 release into the atmosphere. The consequences of deforestation and conversion to pasture for soil carbon content and dynamics were examined in two soil types differing mainly by their texture. Two chronosequences were selected, each consisting of an intact forest and three pastures of different ages (4, 8, 15 years and 3, 9, 15 years, respectively). One chronosequence is located in the central part of the Brazilian Amazon basin, where the soils are clayey ferralsols, and the second in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon Basin, where the soils are sandy clayey acrisols. In the upper layer the C content of clayey soils was three times higher than in the sandy soils, but despite the differences in soil texture, the C distribution in the particle-size fractions was quite similar. In the two chronosequences, the conversion to pasture induced a slight increase in C content. Bulk density increases were greater on soils with lower clay contents. The 13 C measurements, which allowed to calculate the distribution of C derived from forest and from pasture, showed that all the particle-size fractions incorporated C derived from pasture and that a significant proportion of the young organic matter is rapidly trapped in the finest fractions. Although the proportions of pasture-derived C were higher in the sandy soils than in the clayey soils, the amounts of pasture-derived C in the particle-size fractions were 2\u20133 times larger in the clayey soils than in the sandy soils.", "keywords": ["rain-forest", "550", "ZONE TROPICALE", "c-13 natural abundance", "TEXTURE", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630", "Carbon Cycle", "C-13 isotope", "Amazonia", "EVOLUTION DES SOLS SOUS CULTURE", "STRUCTURE DU SOL", "soil carbon storage", "particle-size fractions", "Pasture", "cultivated oxisols", "ANALYSE ISOTOPIQUE", "SABLE", "eastern amazonia", "Deforestation", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Acrisol", "2. Zero hunger", "tropical soils Organic-matter dynamics", "Brasil", "size-fractions", "PATURAGE", "turnover", "Soil Carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "STOCK ORGANIQUE", "ARGILE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DEFORESTATION", "texture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Desjardins, T., Barros, E., Sarrazin, M., Girardin, C., Mariotti, A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-09", "title": "Enhanced canopy growth precedes senescence in 2005 and 2010 Amazonian droughts", "description": "Abstract Unprecedented droughts hit southern Amazonia in 2005 and 2010, causing a sharp increase in tree mortality and carbon loss. To better predict the rainforest's response to future droughts, it is necessary to understand its behavior during past events. Satellite observations provide a practical source of continuous observations of Amazonian forest. Here we used a passive microwave-based vegetation water content record (i.e., vegetation optical depth, VOD), together with multiple hydrometeorological observations as well as conventional satellite vegetation measures, to investigate the rainforest canopy dynamics during the 2005 and 2010 droughts. During the onset of droughts in the wet-to-dry season (May\u2013July) of both years, we found large-scale positive anomalies in VOD, leaf area index (LAI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) over the southern Amazonia. These observations are very likely caused by enhanced canopy growth. Concurrent below-average rainfall and above-average radiation during the wet-to-dry season can be interpreted as an early arrival of normal dry season conditions, leading to enhanced new leaf development and ecosystem photosynthesis, as supported by field observations. Our results suggest that further rainfall deficit into the subsequent dry season caused water and heat stress during the peak of 2005 and 2010 droughts (August\u2013October) that exceeded the tolerance limits of the rainforest, leading to widespread negative VOD anomalies over the southern Amazonia. Significant VOD anomalies were observed mainly over the western part in 2005 and mainly over central and eastern parts in 2010. The total area with significant negative VOD anomalies was comparable between these two drought years, though the average magnitude of significant negative VOD anomalies was greater in 2005. This finding broadly agrees with the field observations indicating that the reduction in biomass carbon uptake was stronger in 2005 than 2010. The enhanced canopy growth preceding drought-induced senescence should be taken into account when interpreting the ecological impacts of Amazonian droughts.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "550", "Canopy water content", "Amazonian droughts", "satellite", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Vapor pressure deficit", "Surface temperature", "03 medical and health sciences", "Passive microwave", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "Soil water deficit", "canopy water content", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://scholarworks.iupui.edu/bitstream/1805/17654/1/Liu_2018_enhanced.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-14", "title": "Beyond Reduced-Impact Logging: Silvicultural Treatments To Increase Growth Rates Of Tropical Trees", "description": "Abstract Use of reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques has repeatedly been shown to reduce damage caused by logging. Unfortunately, these techniques do not necessarily ameliorate the low growth rates of many commercial species or otherwise assure recovery of the initial volume harvested during the next cutting cycle. In this study, we analyze the effect of logging and application of additional silvicultural treatments (liana cutting and girdling of competing trees) on the growth rates on trees in general and on of future crop trees (FCTs) of 24 commercial timber species. The study was carried out in a moist tropical forest in Bolivia, where we monitored twelve 27-ha plots for 4 years. Plots received one of four treatments in which logging intensity and silvicultural treatments were varied: control (no logging); normal (reduced-impact) logging; normal logging and low-intensity silviculture; and, increased logging intensity and high-intensity silviculture. Tree growth rates increased with intensity of logging and silvicultural treatments. The growth rates of FCTs of commercial species were 50\u201360% higher in plots that received silvicultural treatments than in the normal logging and control plots. Responses to silvicultural treatments varied among functional groups. The largest increase in growth rates was observed in FCTs belonging to the partially shade-tolerant and the shade-tolerant groups. These results indicate that silvicultural treatments, in addition to the use of RIL techniques, are more likely to result in a higher percentage of timber volume being recovered after the first cutting cycle than RIL alone.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "0106 biological sciences", "Bolivia", "dry forest", "rain-forest", "Sustainable forest management", "01 natural sciences", "Tropical forest", "reduced-impact logging", "bolivia", "580", "silvicultural treatments", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainable forest management", "Reduced-impact logging", "Silvicultural treatments", "sustainable forestry", "trade-offs", "regeneration", "timber production", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "brazilian amazon", "Environmental Sciences", "management", "eastern amazon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-18", "title": "Landholders' perceptions on legal reserves and agricultural intensification: Diversity and implications for forest conservation in the eastern Brazilian Amazon", "description": "Open AccessLa protecci\u00f3n de los bosques en tierras de propiedad privada es una piedra angular del marco de la pol\u00edtica ambiental brasile\u00f1a. La legislaci\u00f3n brasile\u00f1a exige que todas las fincas del pa\u00eds mantengan y protejan las \u00e1reas forestales conocidas como Reservas Legales. Dado que las Reservas Legales tienen importantes implicaciones para la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques y la producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, es clave que entendamos las percepciones de los propietarios de tierras hacia las Reservas Legales. Aplicamos la metodolog\u00eda Q para identificar diferentes perspectivas de los propietarios medianos y grandes sobre las Reservas Legales y su relaci\u00f3n con la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en el municipio de Paragominas, en la Amazon\u00eda oriental. Realizamos 31 entrevistas en las que los propietarios ordenaron 36 declaraciones en una matriz de distribuci\u00f3n casi normal. Se identificaron tres grupos de propietarios de tierras: 1) los entusiastas de la planificaci\u00f3n del uso de la tierra (n = 16) estaban interesados en iniciativas de zonificaci\u00f3n para explorar dise\u00f1os de paisajes alternativos y legislaci\u00f3n que puedan ofrecer mejores resultados de conservaci\u00f3n y producci\u00f3n; 2) los partidarios de la agricultura basada en agroqu\u00edmicos (n = 7) ten\u00edan los puntos de vista m\u00e1s cr\u00edticos contra las Reservas Legales y percib\u00edan sus costos como m\u00e1s altos que los posibles beneficios ambientales y de calidad de vida; 3) los respondedores del mercado complacientes con las pol\u00edticas (n = 4) no mostraron inter\u00e9s en las reformas de las Reservas Legales y fueron el grupo m\u00e1s impulsado por el mercado. Si bien Paragominas ha logrado \u00e9xitos notables en detener la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran escala a trav\u00e9s de un pacto social de 'Municipio Verde', abordar la persistente degradaci\u00f3n y fragmentaci\u00f3n de los bosques en la regi\u00f3n sigue siendo una prioridad clave. Las iniciativas de gobernanza local que tienen en cuenta las percepciones de m\u00faltiples partes interesadas sobre la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques pueden fomentar el di\u00e1logo y el entendimiento mutuo para conservar y restaurar eficazmente las Reservas Legales. Los conocimientos sobre las percepciones de los grandes terratenientes sobre las Reservas Legales pueden informar dichos procesos de gobernanza para conciliar la protecci\u00f3n forestal y la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola sostenible en Paragominas.", "keywords": ["Amazonas (Brasil)", "Economics", "FOS: Political science", "SAO-FELIX", "Social Sciences", "NEEDS", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Reservas Forestales", "Natural resource economics", "conservation des for\u00eats", "FRONTIER", "Stakeholder", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Environmental resource management", "intensification", "Political science", "Legal Reserve", "Environmental planning", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Forest Reserves", "Corporate governance", "Geography", "Ecology", "[SDV.SA.AEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture", " economy and politics", "Forest protection", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Amazonas (Brazil)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "LAND CONFLICT", "STATE", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Management", "Programming language", "Economics", " Econometrics and Finance", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "d\u00e9boisement", "Biodiversity Conservation", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Forest Protection", "Forest conservation", "Economics and Econometrics", "propri\u00e9taire foncier", "Conservaci\u00f3n de la Diversidad Biol\u00f3gica", "Amazon rainforest", "Legislation", "Discrete Choice Models in Economics and Health Care", "Soil Science", "FOS: Law", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farmer perceptions", "SYSTEMS", "politique de l'environnement", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Legal Pluralism", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Protecci\u00f3n Forestal", "Agricultural intensification", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Q methodology", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "r\u00e9serve foresti\u00e8re", "r\u00e9serve naturelle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats", "BIODIVERSITY", "DEFORESTATION", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "Law", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-21", "title": "How Simulations of the Land Carbon Sink Are Biased by Ignoring Fluvial Carbon Transfers: A Case Study for the Amazon Basin", "description": "Summary Land-surface models are important tools for simulation of the past, present, and future capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to absorb anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, fluvial carbon (C) transfers are presently neglected in these models. Using the Amazon basin as a case study, we show that this negligence leads to significant underestimation of the net uptake of atmospheric C while terrestrial C storage changes are overestimated. These biases arise from the fact that C\u2014in reality, leached from soils and exported through the river network\u2014is instead represented as partly being respired and partly being stored in soils. Moreover, these biases scale mainly to the fluvial C export to the coast, despite aquatic CO2 emission to the atmosphere being the major pathway of riverine C exports. We further show that fluvial C transfers may change significantly in response to changes in either hydrology or in atmospheric C uptake by vegetation.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "NEE", "550", "0207 environmental engineering", "G\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s", "02 engineering and technology", "910", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "rivers", "land-surface modeling", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "carbon cycle", "NBP", "Amazon river", "fluvial carbon fluxes", "land carbon sink", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/315237/1/doi_298881.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/One%20Earth", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14620", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-18", "title": "Aquatic carbon fluxes dampen the overall variation of net ecosystem productivity in the Amazon basin: An analysis of the interannual variability in the boundless carbon cycle", "description": "Abstract

The river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain network plays an important role in the carbon (C) cycle of the Amazon basin, as it transports and processes a significant fraction of the C fixed by terrestrial vegetation, most of which evades as CO2 from rivers and floodplains back to the atmosphere. There is empirical evidence that exceptionally dry or wet years have an impact on the net C balance in the Amazon. While seasonal and interannual variations in hydrology have a direct impact on the amounts of C transferred through the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain system, it is not known how far the variation of these fluxes affects the overall Amazon C balance. Here, we introduce a new wetland forcing file for the ORCHILEAK model, which improves the representation of floodplain dynamics and allows us to closely reproduce data\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven estimates of net C exports through the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain network. Based on this new wetland forcing and two climate forcing datasets, we show that across the Amazon, the percentage of net primary productivity lost to the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain system is highly variable at the interannual timescale, and wet years fuel aquatic CO2 evasion. However, at the same time overall net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and C sequestration are highest during wet years, partly due to reduced decomposition rates in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90logged floodplain soils. It is years with the lowest discharge and floodplain inundation, often associated with El Nino events, that have the lowest NEP and the highest total (terrestrial plus aquatic) CO2 emissions back to atmosphere. Furthermore, we find that aquatic C fluxes display greater variation than terrestrial C fluxes, and that this variation significantly dampens the interannual variability in NEP of the Amazon basin. These results call for a more integrative view of the C fluxes through the vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90river\uffe2\uff80\uff90floodplain continuum, which directly places aquatic C fluxes into the overall C budget of the Amazon basin.Forests in seasonally dry areas of eastern Amazonia near Paragominas, Par\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil, maintain an evergreen forest canopy through an extended dry season by taking up soil water through deep (>1 m) roots. Belowground allocation of C in these deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests is very large (1900 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) relative to litterfall (460 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The presence of live roots drives an active carbon cycle deeper than l m in the soil. Although bulk C concentrations and 14C contents of soil organic matter at >l\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths are low, estimates of turnover from fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root inputs, CO2 production, and the 14C content of CO2 produced at depth show that up to 15% of the carbon inventory in the deep soil has turnover times of decades or less. Thus the amount of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling soil carbon between 1 and 8\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths (2\uffe2\uff80\uff933 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, out of 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9318 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) is significant compared to the amount present in the upper meter of soil (3\uffe2\uff80\uff934 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 out of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). A model of belowground carbon cycling derived from measurements of carbon stocks and fluxes, and constrained using carbon isotopes, is used to predict C fluxes associated with conversion of deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests to pasture and subsequent pasture management. The relative proportions and turnover times of active (including detrital plant material; 1\uffe2\uff80\uff933 year turnover), slow (decadal and shorter turnover), and passive (centennial to millennial turnover) soil organic matter pools are determined by depth for the forest soil, using constraints from measurements of C stocks, fluxes, and isotopic content. Reduced carbon inputs to the soil in degraded pastures, which are less productive than the forests they replace, lead to a reduction in soil carbon inventory and \uffce\uff9414C, in accord with observations. Managed pastures, which have been fertilized with phosphorous and planted with more productive grasses, show increases in C and 14C over forest values. Carbon inventory increases in the upper meter of managed pasture soils are partially offset by predicted carbon losses due to death and decomposition of fine forest roots at depths >1 m in the soil. The major adjustments in soil carbon inventory in response to land management changes occur within the first decade after conversion. Carbon isotopes are shown to be more sensitive indicators of recent accumulation or loss of soil organic matter than direct measurement of soil C inventories.

", "keywords": ["cycling", "decomposition", "model", "rooting", "carbon", "belowground carbon cycling", "carbon cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "soil", "pasture", "forest", "Amazonia", "soil organic matter", "death", "tropical soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Brazil", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1zb7d8kx/qt1zb7d8kx.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/95gb02148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/95gb02148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00259.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics In Regrowing Forest Of Eastern Amazonia", "description": "Summary

The future flora of Amazonia will include significant areas of secondary forest as degraded pastures are abandoned and secondary succession proceeds. The rate at which secondary forests regain carbon (C) stocks and re\uffe2\uff80\uff90establish biogeochemical cycles that resemble those of primary forests will influence the biogeochemistry of the region. Most studies have focused on the effects of deforestation on biogeochemical cycles. In this study, we present data on the recuperation of carbon stocks and carbon fluxes within a secondary forest of the eastern Amazon, and we compare these measurements to those for primary forest, degraded pasture, and productive pasture. Along a transect from a 23\uffe2\uff80\uff90y\uffe2\uff80\uff90old degraded pasture, through a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90y\uffe2\uff80\uff90old secondary forest, through a 16\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old secondary forest, and to a primary forest, the \uffce\uffb413C values of soil organic matter (SOM) in the top 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm of soil were \uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8321.0, \uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8326.5, \uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8327.4, and \uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8327.9\uffe2\uff80\uffb0, respectively, indicating that the isotopic signature of SOM from C3 forest plants was rapidly re\uffe2\uff80\uff90established. The degraded pasture also had significant inputs of C from C3 plants. Radiocarbon data indicated that most of the C in the top 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm of soil had been fixed by plants during the last 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83years. Differences in soil C inventory among land use types were small compared to uncertainties in their measurement. Root inputs were nearly identical in primary and secondary forests, and litterfall in the secondary forest was 88% of the litterfall rate of the primary forest. In contrast, the secondary forest had only 17% of the above ground biomass. Because of rapid cycling rates of soil C and rapid recovery of C fluxes to and from the soil, the below ground C cycle in this secondary forest was nearly identical with those of the unaltered primary forest.

", "keywords": ["forest", "Amazonia", "Ecology", "Life on Land", "13. Climate action", "carbon-13", "carbon-14", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental Sciences", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9dn6q5xv/qt9dn6q5xv.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00259.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00259.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00259.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00259.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-28", "title": "Impacts Of Experimentally Imposed Drought On Leaf Respiration And Morphology In An Amazon Rain Forest", "description": "Summary

1.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The Amazon region may experience increasing moisture limitation over this century. Leaf dark respiration (R) is a key component of the Amazon rain forest carbon (C) cycle, but relatively little is known about its sensitivity to drought.

2.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Here, we present measurements of R standardized to 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C and leaf morphology from different canopy heights over 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years at a rain forest subject to a large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale through\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall reduction (TFR) experiment, and nearby, unmodified Control forest, at the Caxiuan\uffc3\uffa3 reserve in the eastern Amazon.

3.\uffe2\uff80\uff82In all five post\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment measurement campaigns, mean R at 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C was elevated in the TFR forest compared to the Control forest experiencing normal rainfall. After 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of the TFR treatment, R per unit leaf area and mass had increased by 65% and 42%, respectively, relative to pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment means. In contrast, leaf area index (L) in the TFR forest was consistently lower than the Control, falling by 23% compared to the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment mean, largely because of a decline in specific leaf area (S).

4.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The consistent and significant effects of the TFR treatment on R, L and S suggest that severe drought events in the Amazon, of the kind that may occur more frequently in future, could cause a substantial increase in canopy carbon dioxide emissions from this ecosystem to the atmosphere.

", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "0301 basic medicine", "Through-fall exclusion experiment", "moisture transfer", "03 medical and health sciences", "Specific leaf area", "Amazonia", "Tropical forest", "Keywords: carbon cycle", "Climate change", "Para [Brazil] Climate change", "Caxiuana National Forest", "0303 health sciences", "leaf area index", "Night-time foliar carbon emissions", "exclusion experiment", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Leaf dark respiration", "forest canopy", "Moisture deficit", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Leaf area index", "carbon emission", "throughfall", "rainforest", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/5/f5625xPUB7833.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/7/01_Metcalfe_Impacts_of_experimentally_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Widespread reduction in sun-induced fluorescence from the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Ni\u00f1o", "description": "

The tropical carbon balance dominates year-to-year variations in the CO 2 exchange with the atmosphere through photosynthesis, respiration and fires. Because of its high correlation with gross primary productivity (GPP), observations of sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) are of great interest. We developed a new remotely sensed SIF product with improved signal-to-noise in the tropics, and use it here to quantify the impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o\uffc2\uffa0Amazon drought. We find that SIF was strongly suppressed over areas with anomalously high temperatures and decreased levels of water in the soil. SIF went below its climatological range starting from the end of the 2015 dry season (October) and returned to normal levels by February 2016 when atmospheric conditions returned to normal, but well before the end of anomalously low precipitation that persisted through June 2016. Impacts were not uniform across the Amazon basin, with the eastern part experiencing much larger (10\uffe2\uff80\uff9315%) SIF reductions than the western part of the basin (2\uffe2\uff80\uff935%). We estimate the integrated loss of GPP relative to eight previous years to be 0.34\uffe2\uff80\uff930.48 PgC in the three-month period October\uffe2\uff80\uff93November\uffe2\uff80\uff93December 2015.

This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "FLUXES", "El Ni\u00f1o-Southern Oscillation", "Amazon rainforest", "sun-induced fluorescence", "El Ni\u00f1o Southern Oscillation", "drought response", "Forests", "SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION", "01 natural sciences", "Fluorescence", "Trees", "SCIAMACHY", "03 medical and health sciences", "GOME-2", "ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE", "SATELLITE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "Amazone rainforest", "Articles", "15. Life on land", "tropical terrestrial carbon cycle", "gross primary production", "TERRESTRIAL CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE", "SIMULATIONS", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "CLIMATE", "13. Climate action", "BALANCE", "Remote Sensing Technology", "Sunlight", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Changes in surface hydrology, soil moisture and gross primary production in the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Ni\u00f1o", "description": "

The 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o event caused severe changes in precipitation across the tropics. This impacted surface hydrology, such as river run-off and soil moisture availability, thereby triggering reductions in gross primary production (GPP). Many biosphere models lack the detailed hydrological component required to accurately quantify anomalies in surface hydrology and GPP during droughts in tropical regions. Here, we take the novel approach of coupling the biosphere model SiBCASA with the advanced hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB to attempt such a quantification across the Amazon basin during the drought in 2015/2016. We calculate 30\uffe2\uff80\uff9340% reduced river discharge in the Amazon starting in October 2015, lagging behind the precipitation anomaly by approximately one month and in good agreement with river gauge observations. Soil moisture shows distinctly asymmetrical spatial anomalies with large reductions across the north-eastern part of the basin, which persisted into the following dry season. This added to drought stress in vegetation, already present owing to vapour pressure deficits at the leaf, resulting in a loss of GPP of 0.95 (0.69 to 1.20) PgC between October 2015 and March 2016 compared with the 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932014 average. Only 11% (10\uffe2\uff80\uff9312%) of the reduction in GPP was found in the (wetter) north-western part of the basin, whereas the north-eastern and southern regions were affected more strongly, with 56% (54\uffe2\uff80\uff9356%) and 33% (31\uffe2\uff80\uff9333%) of the total, respectively. Uncertainty on this anomaly mostly reflects the unknown rooting depths of vegetation.

This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.

", "keywords": ["El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "0207 environmental engineering", "Articles", "02 engineering and technology", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "tropical terrestrial carbon cycle", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Carbon Cycle", "Droughts", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "El Ni\u00f1o", "Seasons", "soil moisture", "Hydrology", "gross primary productivity", "Amazon", "river discharge", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-16", "title": "Drought Effects On Litterfall, Wood Production And Belowground Carbon Cycling In An Amazon Forest: Results Of A Throughfall Reduction Experiment", "description": "

The Amazon Basin experiences severe droughts that may become more common in the future. Little is known of the effects of such droughts on Amazon forest productivity and carbon allocation. We tested the prediction that severe drought decreases litterfall and wood production but potentially has multiple cancelling effects on belowground production within a 7-year partial throughfall exclusion experiment. We simulated an approximately 35\uffe2\uff80\uff9341% reduction in effective rainfall from 2000 through 2004 in a 1\uffe2\uff80\uff8aha plot and compared forest response with a similar control plot. Wood production was the most sensitive component of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) to drought, declining by 13% the first year and up to 62% thereafter. Litterfall declined only in the third year of drought, with a maximum difference of 23% below the control plot. Soil CO 2 efflux and its 14 C signature showed no significant treatment response, suggesting similar amounts and sources of belowground production. ANPP was similar between plots in 2000 and declined to a low of 41% below the control plot during the subsequent treatment years, rebounding to only a 10% difference during the first post-treatment year. Live aboveground carbon declined by 32.5\uffe2\uff80\uff8aMg\uffe2\uff80\uff8aha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 through the effects of drought on ANPP and tree mortality. Results of this unreplicated, long-term, large-scale ecosystem manipulation experiment demonstrate that multi-year severe drought can substantially reduce Amazon forest carbon stocks.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "wood production", "above-ground net primary productivity", "drought", "Medical and Health Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Disasters", "Soil", "Amazon", "litterfall", "global change", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Evolutionary Biology", "Tropical Climate", "Water", "Biological Sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1b27s752/qt1b27s752.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.0031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2007.0031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Shifts In Plant Respiration And Carbon Use Efficiency At A Large-Scale Drought Experiment In The Eastern Amazon", "description": "

Featured paper: See Editorial p553

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "550", "plant community", "carbon fixation", "Carbon use efficiency", "Cell Respiration", "Amazon rain forest", "drought", "Gross primary productivity", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "metabolism Amazon rain forest", "Trees", "Soil", "cell respiration", "Keywords: carbon", "partitioning", "Ecosystem", "ecosystem", "Carbon cycling", "Drought", "Bacteria", "article", "carbon dioxide", "net primary production", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "bacterium", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Net primary productivity", "Droughts", "carbon flux", "Carbon dioxide", "rainforest", "respiration", "Partitioning", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/5/f5625xPUB78382010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/7/01_Metcalfe_Shifts_in_plant_respiration_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/1678-4499.03914", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-08", "title": "Soil Attributes Under Different Crop Management Systems In An Amazon Oxisols", "description": "Soil biological properties have a high potential for use in assessing the impacts of crop systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of cropping systems on the biological attributes of an oxisol in the Amazonian state of Para. The treatments consisted of approximately 20-year-old secondary vegetation, recovered pasture, no-tillage systems (NT) maintained for 4 and 8 years after planting with corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.), and conventional tillage (CT) systems every 2 years after planting with rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soybean. The microbial biomass to nitrogen ratio was higher in the NT system (0.68 mg kg\u20131), and the NT system had greater microbial NT8. Thus, the contributions of organic matter from straw improved the soil quality in these areas. The total organic carbon (TOC) content was greater in the secondary forest and CT areas (46.7 and 48.0 mg kg\u20131, respectively), potentially due to the higher amounts of organic matter and organic matter mineralization in these areas. However, the largest TOC stocks were observed in the pasture, which corresponded with greater carbon storage (63.5 Mg ha\u20131). By contrast, the no-till systems were not efficient for storing C, with concentrations of 5.0 and 5.3 Mg ha\u20131 in NT-4 and NT-8, respectively. These results may reflect the short period that these systems were adopted and the vast microbial activity that was observed in these areas, with microbial quotients of 8.03 and 10.41% in NT-4 and NT-8, respectively.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Glycine max", "carbon stock", "no-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oryza sativa", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Amazon region", "Zea mays", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lopes, Elessandra Laura Nogueira, Fernandes, Antonio Rodrigues, Teixeira, Renato Alves, Sousa, Edna Santos de, Ruivo, Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.03914"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bragantia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/1678-4499.03914", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/1678-4499.03914", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/1678-4499.03914"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0044-59672010000100003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-05", "title": "Carbono Org\u00e2nico E Biomassa Microbiana Do Solo Em Plantios De Acacia Mangium No Cerrado De Roraima", "description": "

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de plantios de Acacia mangium, localizados no cerrado em Roraima, sobre o carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico e biomassa microbiana do solo. Foram realizadas amostragens de solo nas profundidades de 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm em dois plantios de A. mangium com cerca de cinco anos de idade, e em duas \uffc3\uffa1reas de Cerrado nativo consideradas refer\uffc3\uffaancia. Um dos plantios de A. mangium (localizado na Fazenda Cigolina) correspondeu a um plantio homog\uffc3\uffaaneo (espa\uffc3\uffa7amento de 3,6 m entre linhas e 2,0 m entre plantas) enquanto que o outro (localizado no Campo Experimental \uffc3\uff81gua Boa - CEAB) correspondeu a um plantio em faixas com duas linhas de plantio (espa\uffc3\uffa7amento de 6 m entre linhas, 2,5 m entre plantas e cerca de 30 m entre faixas). As amostras de solo foram analisadas quanto ao carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico, carbono da biomassa microbiana, respira\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o basal do solo e quociente metab\uffc3\uffb3lico, al\uffc3\uffa9m de atributos qu\uffc3\uffadmicos de fertilidade. Foi verificado que os plantios de A. mangium n\uffc3\uffa3o proporcionaram aumentos significativos do carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico do solo em compara\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0s \uffc3\uffa1reas de refer\uffc3\uffaancia. Entretanto, na m\uffc3\uffa9dia geral, esses plantios proporcionaram aumento do carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo e redu\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do quociente metab\uffc3\uffb3lico, indicando a possibilidade de ac\uffc3\uffbamulo de carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico no solo em longo prazo. Tamb\uffc3\uffa9m foi observado que, em compara\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o ao plantio da fazenda Cigolina e \uffc3\uffa0s \uffc3\uffa1reas de refer\uffc3\uffaancia, o carbono microbiano do solo foi maior e acompanhado de menor quociente metab\uffc3\uffb3lico no plantio de A. mangium no CEAB, mostrando que a estrutura de plantio exerceu influ\uffc3\uffaancia sobre a biomassa microbiana do solo.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "plantios florestais", "Amazonian", "forest plantation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "quociente metab\u00f3lico", "01 natural sciences", "Amaz\u00f4nia", "Respira\u00e7\u00e3o basal do solo", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil basal respiration", "qualidade do solo", "soil quality", "metabolic quotient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672010000100003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Amazonica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0044-59672010000100003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0044-59672010000100003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0044-59672010000100003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000600009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-11", "title": "Carbon Content In Amazonian Oxisols After Forest Conversion To Pasture", "description": "

Soil plays an important role in the C cycle, and substitution of tropical forest by cultivated land affects C dynamic and stock. This study was developed in an area of expansion of human settlement in the Eastern Amazon, in Itupiranga, State of Par\uffc3\uffa1, to evaluate the effects of native forest conversion to Brachiaria brizantha pasture on C contents of a dystrophic Oxisol. Soil samples were collected in areas of native forest (NF), of 8 to 10 year old secondary forest (SF), 1 to 2 year old SF (P1-2), 5 to 7 year old SF (P5-7), and of 10 to 12 year old SF (P10-12), and from under pastures, in the layers 0-2, 2-5 and 5-10 cm, to evaluate C levels and stocks and carry out separation of OM based on particle size. After deforestation, soil density increased to a depth of 5 cm, with greater increase in older pastures. Variation in C levels was greatest in the top soil layer; C contents increased with increasing pasture age. In the layers 2-5 and 5-10 cm, C content proved to be stable for the types of plant cover evaluated. Highest C concentrations were found in the silt fraction; however, C contents were highest in the clay fraction, independent of the plant cover. An increase in C associated with the sand fraction in the form of little decomposed organic residues was observed in pastures, confirming greater sensitivity of this fraction to change in soil use.

", "keywords": ["estoque de carbono no solo", "550", "floresta amaz\u00f4nica", "particle-size fractions", "tropical soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Amazon rain forest", "fracionamento granulom\u00e9trico", "solo tropical", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "soil carbon stock"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Silva da, M. L., /Desjardins, Thierry, /Sarrazin, Max, Melo de, V. S., Martins, P. F. D., Santos, E. R., Carvalho de, C. J. R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000600009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000600009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000600009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832009000600009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832012000600006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-02", "title": "Structural Sustainability Of Cambisol Under Different Land Use System", "description": "

Incongruous management techniques have been associated with some significant loss of agricultural land to degradation in many parts of the world. Land degradation results in the alteration of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, thereby posing a serious threat to sustainable agricultural development. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the changes in a Cambisol structure under six land use systems using the load bearing capacity model. Sampling was conducted in Amazonas Region, Brazil, in the following land use: a) young secondary forest; b) old secondary forest; c) forest; d) pasture; e) cropping, and f) agroforestry. To obtain the load bearing capacity models the undisturbed soil samples were collected in those land use systems and subjected to the uniaxial compression test. These models were used to evaluate which land use system preserved or degraded the Cambisol structure. The results of the bulk density and total porosity of the soil samples were not adequate to quantify structural degradation in Cambisol. Using the forest topsoil level (0-0.03 m) as a reference, it was observed that pasture land use system was most severe in the degradation of the soil structure while the structure were most preserved under old secondary forest, cropping system and forest. At the subsoil level (0.10-0.13 m depth), the soil structure was most degraded in the cropping land use system while it was most preserved in young secondary forest and pasture. At the 0.20-0.23 m depth, soil structure degradation was most severe in the old secondary forest system and well preserved in young secondary forest, cropping and agroforestry.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "bulk density", "Agriculture (General)", "degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da estrutura", "precompression stress", "Amazonas", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "S1-972", "12. Responsible consumption", "press\u00e3o de pr\u00e9-consolida\u00e7\u00e3o", "structure degradation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "densidade do solo", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Martins, Paula Cristina Caruana, Dias Junior, Moacir de Souza, Ajayi, Ayodele Ebenezer, Moreira, F\u00e1tima Maria de Souza,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832012000600006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832012000600006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832012000600006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832012000600006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v2d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:26Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-12-05", "title": "Data from: Contrasting drivers of aboveground woody biomass and aboveground woody productivity in lowland forests of Colombia", "description": "unspecified# Contrasting drivers of aboveground woody biomass and aboveground woody productivity in lowland forests of Colombia Tree census data collected at 39 1-ha forest inventory plots situated in the Orinoquia region and Amazonia region of Colombia. Plots were censused between 2005 and 2021. We aim to assess the importance of abiotic and biotic factors in controlling the variation in aboveground biomass stocks and fluxes. In each plot, all stems of trees and palms (hereafter trees) with tree diameter at breast height (DBH; tree diameter at 1.3 m height) \u2265 10 cm were measured. The aboveground biomass (AGB) of each tree was estimated using the allometric equation proposed by Chave et al. (2014). All plots were censused at least twice (elapsed time ranged between 2 and 10 years), and the aboveground woody productivity (AWP in Mg ha-1 y-1), and aboveground woody residence time (AWRT in y) of each plot were estimated. To estimate soil fertility, samples of soil A horizon (i.e., the mineral soil after removing the organic layer) were collected from a minimum of five points in each plot at a depth of 10\u201330 cm. The five samples from each plot were then combined and analyzed. We calculated three metrics of phylogenetic diversity: phylogenetic diversity *sensu stricto* (PD), Net Relatedness Index (NRI) and the Nearest Taxon Index (NTI). NRI and NTI were weighted by abundance. The PD of each plot was calculated as the total sum of the phylogenetic branch lengths connecting the co-occurring species in each plot along the minimum spanning path to the root of the tree. The NRI and NTI are based on the mean pairwise distance and the mean nearest pairwise distance, respectively. We found there were significant differences between flooded and Tierra firme forests in Aboveground biomass and Aboveground Woody Residence Time. These forests are gaining carbon as shown by a positive Aboveground biomass net change. The difference in Aboveground biomass net change between flooded and Tierra firme forests was marginally significant, being negative and with higher variability in flooded than in Tierra firme forests. Diversity, forest structure, climate, and soils were independently correlated with the spatial variation of the Aboveground biomass. when we sequentially removed the variables representing each independent hypothesis, forest structure, here represented by the number of trees with DBH \u2265 70 cm (D70) and mean wood density, had a pure total explained variation of 40 % and the strongest effect in determining the Aboveground biomass All independent variables selected were correlated with the spatial variation of the Aboveground biomass in Tierra firme. The full models for all plots and Tierra firme employed to assess the drivers of Aboveground productivity included soils and forest structure as the most important factors. In both cases, P, Mg, and the number of big trees (D70) were selected as the key drivers of Aboveground productivity. File data set structure: ID plot number, Plot name, Longitude (\u25e6), Latitude (\u25e6), Flooded/Terra firme, Mean annual temperature (\u25e6C)(MAT), Total annual precipitation (mm y-1)(TAP), Precipitation seasonality (PS), Number of individuals (ha-1)(Density), Mean wood density (gr cm-3)( WD_mean), Aboveground biomass (Mg ha-1)(AGB), Aboveground productivity (Mg ha-1 y-1)(AWP), Net carbon change (Mg ha-1 y-1)(Net_change), Elapsed time between censuses (y)( Time (y-1)), Number of genus per plot (Genus), Number of species per plot (Sp), Inverse of Simpson index (Simpson_inv), Net Relatedness Index (NRI), Nearest Taxon Index (NTI), Phylogenetic Diversity (PD), soil pH (pH), Calcium (mg kg-1)(Ca), Potasium\u00a0 (mg kg-1)(K), Magnesium\u00a0 (mg kg-1)(Mg), Sodium\u00a0 (mg kg-1)(Na), Aluminium (mg kg-1)(Al), Cation Excahnge Capacity (CEC), Phosporous (mg kg-1)(P), Organic carbon (%)(CO), Number of trees with DBH \u2265 70 cm ha-1 (D70), Maximum DBH (cm)(Dmax) Note: Plot number in red are the two plots selected from the 25-ha Amacayacu plot with aboveground biomass maximum and minimum values. In blue those for aboveground woody productivity", "keywords": ["productivity-diversity relationship", "FOS: Biological sciences", "soil fertility", "Orinoquia", "phylogenetic diversity", "variance partitioning", "Amazon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Casta\u00f1o, Nicolas, Pe\u00f1a, Miguel, Gonzalez-Caro, Sebastian, Aldana, Ana, Casas, Luisa, Correa, Diego, Gonz\u00e1lez-Abella, Juan, Pelaez, Natalia, Stevenson, Pablo, Sua, Sonia, Zuleta, Daniel, Duque, Alvaro,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v2d"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v2d", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v2d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v2d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-14", "title": "Contrasting composition of terrigenous organic matter in the dissolved, particulate and sedimentary organic carbon pools on the outer East Siberian Arctic Shelf", "description": "

Abstract. Fluvial discharge and coastal erosion of the permafrost-dominated East Siberian Arctic delivers large quantities of terrigenous organic carbon (Terr-OC) to marine waters. The composition and fate of the remobilized Terr-OC needs to be better constrained as it impacts the potential for a climate\u2013carbon feedback. In the present study, the bulk isotope (\u03b413C and \u039414C) and macromolecular (lignin-derived phenols) composition of the cross-shelf exported organic carbon (OC) in different marine pools is evaluated. For this purpose, as part of the SWERUS-C3 expedition (July\u2013September 2014), sediment organic carbon (SOC) as well as water column (from surface and near-bottom seawater) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) samples were collected along the outer shelves of the Kara Sea, Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea. The results show that the Lena River and the DOC may have a preferential role in the transport of Terr-OC to the outer shelf. DOC concentrations (740\u20133600\u202f\u00b5g\u202fL\u22121) were 1 order of magnitude higher than POC (20\u2013360\u202f\u00b5g\u202fL\u22121), with higher concentrations towards the Lena River plume. The \u03b413C signatures in the three carbon pools varied from \u221223.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202f\u2030 in the SOC, \u221226.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.2\u202f\u2030 in the DOC and \u221227.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202f\u2030 in the POC. The \u039414C values ranged between \u2212395\u202f\u00b1\u202f83 (SOC), \u2212226\u202f\u00b1\u202f92 (DOC) and \u2212113\u202f\u00b1\u202f122\u202f\u2030 (POC). These stable and radiocarbon isotopes were also different between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. Both DOC and POC showed a depleted and younger trend off the Lena River plume. Further, the Pacific inflow and the sea-ice coverage, which works as a barrier preventing the input of \u201cyoung\u201d DOC and POC, seem to have a strong influence in these carbon pools, presenting older and more enriched \u03b413C signatures under the sea-ice extent. Lignin phenols exhibited higher OC-normalized concentrations in the SOC (0.10\u20132.34\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC) and DOC (0.08\u20132.40\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC) than in the POC (0.03\u20131.14\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC). The good relationship between lignin and \u039414C signatures in the DOC suggests that a significant fraction of the outer-shelf DOC comes from \u201cyoung\u201d Terr-OC. By contrast, the slightly negative correlation between lignin phenols and \u039414C signatures in POC, with higher lignin concentrations in older POC from near-bottom waters, may reflect the off-shelf transport of OC from remobilized permafrost in the nepheloid layer. Syringyl\u202f\u2215\u202fvanillyl and cinnamyl\u202f\u2215\u202fvannillyl phenol ratios presented distinct clustering between DOC, POC and SOC, implying that those pools may be carrying different Terr-OC of partially different origin. Moreover, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid to vanillyl phenol ratios and p-coumaric acid to ferulic acid ratios, used as a diagenetic indicators, enhanced in POC and SOC, suggesting more degradation within these pools. Overall, the key contrast between enhanced lignin yields both in the youngest DOC and the oldest POC samples reflects a significant decoupling of terrestrial OC sources and pathways.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "ALKALINE CUO OXIDATION; SE LAPTEV SEA; LENA RIVER; TERRESTRIAL CARBON; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; EARLY DIAGENESIS; COASTAL EROSION; NEUTRAL SUGARS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AMAZON RIVER", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/6121/2016/bg-13-6121-2016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f10121125", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-10", "description": "

Agroforestry systems are important, globally affecting 1.2 billion people and covering 0.6 billion hectares. They are often cited for providing ecosystem services, such as augmenting soil fertility via N accumulation and increasing soil C stocks. Improved-fallow slash-and-mulch systems have the potential to do both, while reducing nutrient losses associated with burning. In the absence of burning, these systems also have the potential to grow trees through multiple rotations. This project collected soil, mulch, and biomass data over the course of one 9-year crop-fallow rotation and the first two years of the second rotation. A split-plot design was used to assess the effects of P + K fertilization and inclusion of an N-fixing tree species, Inga edulis, on crop and tree biomass production. Fertilization increased growth and nutrient accumulation during Rotation 1 by an average of 36%, ranging from 11% in Parkia multijuga to 52% in Ceiba pentandra. Residual P + K fertilization improved tree and crop growth 20 months into Rotation 2 by an average of 50%, ranging from 15% in Cedrela odorata to 73% in Schizolobium amazonicum. The improved-fallow slash-and-mulch system increased the rates of secondary succession biomass accumulation (11\uffe2\uff88\uff9215 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) by 41\uffe2\uff80\uff9364% compared to natural succession (7\uffe2\uff80\uff938 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Furthermore, P + K fertilization increased secondary-succession biomass accumulation by 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9324%. Nutrient accumulation through biomass production was adequate to replace nutrients exported via crop root and timber stem harvests.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nutrient content", "Amazonia", "soil N", "agroforestry system", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil C", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "N-fixing trees", "improved-fallow", "native trees", "slash-and-mulch"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/12/1125/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f10121125"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f10121125", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f10121125", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f10121125"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.11421746", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:22:15Z", "type": "Software", "title": "ConFire: State of Wildfires 2023/24", "description": "Project Overview: This is the first release of our Bayesian-based fire models, designed for fire prediction and analysis using Bayesian inference and simple fire models. The release here is the base code and information used in the 'State of Wildfire's report 2023/24'. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-218 Key Features: ConFire fire model now implemented with zero-inflated logistic link distribution Configuration files for near real-time, attribution and future projections for Greece, Canada, and NW Amazon. Utilizes various environmental and climatic data for isimip and Copernicus data store Robust statistical analysis now uses PyMC at version 5 and ArviZ. Installation and Usage: For detailed installation and usage instructions, please refer to the README, also in this repository archive. Acknowledgments: Special thanks to all contributors and the developers of the dependencies used in this project. Particularly Maria Lucia Ferreira Barbosa, Douglas Kelley, Chantelle Burton Full Changelog: https://github.com/douglask3/Bayesian_fire_models/compare/v0.1...SoW23_v0.1", "keywords": ["Canada", "Attribution", "Greece", "Amazonia", "Wildfire", "Climatic changes", "Fire", "Bayesian statistics", "Future projections"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Barbosa, Maria Lucia Ferreira, Kelley, Douglas, Burton, Chantelle, Anderson, Liana,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11421746"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.11421746", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.11421746", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.11421746"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.11460232", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:22:15Z", "type": "Software", "title": "ConFire: State of Wildfires 2023/24", "description": "Project Overview: This is the first release of our Bayesian-based fire models, designed for fire prediction and analysis using Bayesian inference and simple fire models. The release here is the base code and information used in the 'State of Wildfire's report 2023/24'. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-218 Key Features: ConFire fire model now implemented with zero-inflated logistic link distribution Configuration files for near real-time, attribution and future projections for Greece, Canada, and NW Amazon. Utilizes various environmental and climatic data for isimip and Copernicus data store Robust statistical analysis now uses PyMC at version 5 and ArviZ. Installation and Usage: For detailed installation and usage instructions, please refer to the README, also in this repository archive. Acknowledgments: Special thanks to all contributors and the developers of the dependencies used in this project. Particularly Maria Lucia Ferreira Barbosa, Douglas Kelley, Chantelle Burton Full Changelog: https://github.com/douglask3/Bayesian_fire_models/compare/v0.1...SoW23_v0.1", "keywords": ["Canada", "Attribution", "Greece", "Amazonia", "Wildfire", "Climatic changes", "Fire", "Bayesian statistics", "Future projections"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Barbosa, Maria Lucia Ferreira, Kelley, Douglas, Burton, Chantelle, Anderson, Liana,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11460232"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.11460232", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.11460232", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.11460232"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/287489", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-18", "title": "Aquatic carbon fluxes dampen the overall variation of net ecosystem productivity in the Amazon basin: An analysis of the interannual variability in the boundless carbon cycle", "description": "Abstract

The river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain network plays an important role in the carbon (C) cycle of the Amazon basin, as it transports and processes a significant fraction of the C fixed by terrestrial vegetation, most of which evades as CO2 from rivers and floodplains back to the atmosphere. There is empirical evidence that exceptionally dry or wet years have an impact on the net C balance in the Amazon. While seasonal and interannual variations in hydrology have a direct impact on the amounts of C transferred through the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain system, it is not known how far the variation of these fluxes affects the overall Amazon C balance. Here, we introduce a new wetland forcing file for the ORCHILEAK model, which improves the representation of floodplain dynamics and allows us to closely reproduce data\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven estimates of net C exports through the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain network. Based on this new wetland forcing and two climate forcing datasets, we show that across the Amazon, the percentage of net primary productivity lost to the river\uffe2\uff80\uff93floodplain system is highly variable at the interannual timescale, and wet years fuel aquatic CO2 evasion. However, at the same time overall net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and C sequestration are highest during wet years, partly due to reduced decomposition rates in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90logged floodplain soils. It is years with the lowest discharge and floodplain inundation, often associated with El Nino events, that have the lowest NEP and the highest total (terrestrial plus aquatic) CO2 emissions back to atmosphere. Furthermore, we find that aquatic C fluxes display greater variation than terrestrial C fluxes, and that this variation significantly dampens the interannual variability in NEP of the Amazon basin. These results call for a more integrative view of the C fluxes through the vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90river\uffe2\uff80\uff90floodplain continuum, which directly places aquatic C fluxes into the overall C budget of the Amazon basin.

Abstract. Fluvial discharge and coastal erosion of the permafrost-dominated East Siberian Arctic delivers large quantities of terrigenous organic carbon (Terr-OC) to marine waters. The composition and fate of the remobilized Terr-OC needs to be better constrained as it impacts the potential for a climate\u2013carbon feedback. In the present study, the bulk isotope (\u03b413C and \u039414C) and macromolecular (lignin-derived phenols) composition of the cross-shelf exported organic carbon (OC) in different marine pools is evaluated. For this purpose, as part of the SWERUS-C3 expedition (July\u2013September 2014), sediment organic carbon (SOC) as well as water column (from surface and near-bottom seawater) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) samples were collected along the outer shelves of the Kara Sea, Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea. The results show that the Lena River and the DOC may have a preferential role in the transport of Terr-OC to the outer shelf. DOC concentrations (740\u20133600\u202f\u00b5g\u202fL\u22121) were 1 order of magnitude higher than POC (20\u2013360\u202f\u00b5g\u202fL\u22121), with higher concentrations towards the Lena River plume. The \u03b413C signatures in the three carbon pools varied from \u221223.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202f\u2030 in the SOC, \u221226.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.2\u202f\u2030 in the DOC and \u221227.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202f\u2030 in the POC. The \u039414C values ranged between \u2212395\u202f\u00b1\u202f83 (SOC), \u2212226\u202f\u00b1\u202f92 (DOC) and \u2212113\u202f\u00b1\u202f122\u202f\u2030 (POC). These stable and radiocarbon isotopes were also different between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. Both DOC and POC showed a depleted and younger trend off the Lena River plume. Further, the Pacific inflow and the sea-ice coverage, which works as a barrier preventing the input of \u201cyoung\u201d DOC and POC, seem to have a strong influence in these carbon pools, presenting older and more enriched \u03b413C signatures under the sea-ice extent. Lignin phenols exhibited higher OC-normalized concentrations in the SOC (0.10\u20132.34\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC) and DOC (0.08\u20132.40\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC) than in the POC (0.03\u20131.14\u202fmg\u202fg\u22121\u202fOC). The good relationship between lignin and \u039414C signatures in the DOC suggests that a significant fraction of the outer-shelf DOC comes from \u201cyoung\u201d Terr-OC. By contrast, the slightly negative correlation between lignin phenols and \u039414C signatures in POC, with higher lignin concentrations in older POC from near-bottom waters, may reflect the off-shelf transport of OC from remobilized permafrost in the nepheloid layer. Syringyl\u202f\u2215\u202fvanillyl and cinnamyl\u202f\u2215\u202fvannillyl phenol ratios presented distinct clustering between DOC, POC and SOC, implying that those pools may be carrying different Terr-OC of partially different origin. Moreover, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid to vanillyl phenol ratios and p-coumaric acid to ferulic acid ratios, used as a diagenetic indicators, enhanced in POC and SOC, suggesting more degradation within these pools. Overall, the key contrast between enhanced lignin yields both in the youngest DOC and the oldest POC samples reflects a significant decoupling of terrestrial OC sources and pathways.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "ALKALINE CUO OXIDATION; SE LAPTEV SEA; LENA RIVER; TERRESTRIAL CARBON; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; EARLY DIAGENESIS; COASTAL EROSION; NEUTRAL SUGARS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AMAZON RIVER", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/6121/2016/bg-13-6121-2016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.14243/325138"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.14243/325138", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.14243/325138", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.14243/325138"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315237", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-21", "title": "How Simulations of the Land Carbon Sink Are Biased by Ignoring Fluvial Carbon Transfers: A Case Study for the Amazon Basin", "description": "Summary Land-surface models are important tools for simulation of the past, present, and future capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to absorb anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, fluvial carbon (C) transfers are presently neglected in these models. Using the Amazon basin as a case study, we show that this negligence leads to significant underestimation of the net uptake of atmospheric C while terrestrial C storage changes are overestimated. These biases arise from the fact that C\u2014in reality, leached from soils and exported through the river network\u2014is instead represented as partly being respired and partly being stored in soils. Moreover, these biases scale mainly to the fluvial C export to the coast, despite aquatic CO2 emission to the atmosphere being the major pathway of riverine C exports. We further show that fluvial C transfers may change significantly in response to changes in either hydrology or in atmospheric C uptake by vegetation.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "NEE", "550", "0207 environmental engineering", "G\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s", "02 engineering and technology", "910", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "rivers", "land-surface modeling", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "carbon cycle", "NBP", "Amazon river", "fluvial carbon fluxes", "land carbon sink", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/315237/1/doi_298881.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315237"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/One%20Earth", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315237", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315237", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315237"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "e410bc8fddbf2d708fc8fbc4e73c9d91", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:33:26Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil respiration in human-modified forests of Eastern Amazonia", "description": "This dataset includes measurements of soil respiration in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from January 2015 until November 2017. In December 2015, during the El Ni\u00f1o-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.", "keywords": ["brazilian-amazon", "forest-ecology", "forest-fire", "gb", "hmtf", "human-modified-tropical-forests", "land-use", "soil", "soil-respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/soil-respiration-in-human-modified-forests-of-eastern-amazonia"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "e410bc8fddbf2d708fc8fbc4e73c9d91", "name": "item", "description": "e410bc8fddbf2d708fc8fbc4e73c9d91", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e410bc8fddbf2d708fc8fbc4e73c9d91"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=AMAZON&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=AMAZON&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=AMAZON&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=AMAZON&offset=32", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 32, "numberReturned": 32, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-26T22:53:34.222899Z"}