{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-24", "title": "Control Of Bush Encroachment In Borana Zone Of Southern Ethiopia: Effects Of Different Control Techniques On Rangeland Vegetation And Tick Populations", "description": "Open AccessA study on effects of bush encroachment control techniques on rangeland productivity and tick population dynamics was conducted in Arero district of Borana zone, southern Ethiopia, for three consecutive years. The study targeted two main and dominant encroaching bush species in Borana rangeland, Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia mellifera, and their effects on some vegetation attributes and tick population dynamics. A hectare of rangeland encroached by these two acacia species was replicated/divided into three plots, and each plot was subdivided into five sub-plots to receive five treatments: cutting at 0.5 m above ground and pouring kerosene on stumps (T1), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and debarking the stumps down into the soil surface (T2), cutting at 0.5 m above ground alone (T3), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and dissecting the stumps (T4) and control (T5). Data on basal and litter covers, soil erosion and compaction, dead and re-sprouted encroaching tree/shrub species and nymph- and adult-stage tick populations were collected before and after treatment applications. The applied treatments significantly influenced (p < 0.05) basal cover, nymph- and adult-stage tick population and the two encroaching tree species. The results of this study showed that T3 and T2 were good in controlling A. drepanolobium in that order. T4 and T2 had a significant effect in controlling A. mellifera in their order. Controlling bush encroachment had also a positive effect in eradicating the tick population. The most dominant grass and non-grass species observed after the control actions were Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon aucheri, Abutilon hirtum, Pennisetum mezianum, Dyschoriste hildebrandtii, Zaleya pentandra and Eragrostis papposa. Therefore, controlling encroaching tree/shrub species had created a conducive grazing area with palatable herbaceous species for the livestock and unequivocally reduced tick population which play a role in reducing cattle milk production through closing off teats. The management of bush encroachment, if sustained, will contribute in stabilizing rangelands and help minimize the negative effects of feed and food crises in the future.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Population", "Lantana", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "01 natural sciences", "Basal area", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Rangeland Degradation", "Sociology", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "Pathology", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Demography", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Shrub", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Tick"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bikila Negasa, Bedasa Eba, Samuel Tuffa, Barecha Bayissa, Jaldesa Doyo, N. Van Husen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pastoralism", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-14", "title": "Managing Semi-Arid Rangelands For Carbon Storage: Grazing And Woody Encroachment Effects On Soil Carbon And Nitrogen", "description": "Open AccessHigh grazing intensity and wide-spread woody encroachment may strongly alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, the direction and quantity of these changes have rarely been quantified in East African savanna ecosystem. As shifts in soil C and N pools might further potentially influence climate change mitigation, we quantified and compared soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) content in enclosures and communal grazing lands across varying woody cover i.e. woody encroachment levels. Estimated mean SOC and TSN stocks at 0-40 cm depth varied across grazing regimes and among woody encroachment levels. The open grazing land at the heavily encroached site on sandy loam soil contained the least SOC (30 \u00b1 2.1 Mg ha-1) and TSN (5 \u00b1 0.57 Mg ha-1) while the enclosure at the least encroached site on sandy clay soil had the greatest mean SOC (81.0 \u00b1 10.6 Mg ha-1) and TSN (9.2 \u00b1 1.48 Mg ha-1). Soil OC and TSN did not differ with grazing exclusion at heavily encroached sites, but were twice as high inside enclosure compared to open grazing soils at low encroached sites. Mean SOC and TSN in soils of 0-20 cm depth were up to 120% higher than that of the 21-40 cm soil layer. Soil OC was positively related to TSN, cation exchange capacity (CEC), but negatively related to sand content. Our results show that soil OC and TSN stocks are affected by grazing, but the magnitude is largely influenced by woody encroachment and soil texture. We suggest that improving the herbaceous layer cover through a reduction in grazing and woody encroachment restriction are the key strategies for reducing SOC and TSN losses and, hence, for climate change mitigation in semi-arid rangelands.", "keywords": ["Cation-exchange capacity", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil water", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Wood", "Soil carbon", "Droughts", "Grazing", "climate change", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Research Article", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Plant Development", "Soil Science", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Environmental science", "soil", "savannas", "Animals", "grazing", "Agroforestry", "Woody plant", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil Fertility", "carbon", "Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Loam", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-29", "title": "Impacts of Farming Layer Constructions on Cultivated Land Quality under the Cultivated Land Balance Policy", "description": "

Cultivated Land Balance Policy (CLBP) has led to the \u201cbetter land occupied and worse land supplemented\u201d program. At the same time, the current field-scale cultivated land quality (CLQ) evaluation cannot meet the work requirements of the CLBP. To this end, this study selected 24 newly added farmland in Fuping County and performed eight different high quality farming layer construction experiments to improve the CLQ. A new comprehensive model was constructed on a field scale to evaluate the CLQ using different tests from multi-dimensional perspectives of soil fertility, engineering, environment, and ecology, and to determine the best test mode. The results showed that after the test, around 62% of the cultivated land improved by one level, and the average cultivated land quality level and quality index of the test area increased by 0.63 and 30.63, respectively. The treatment of \u201cwoody peat + rotten crop straw + biostimulation regulator II + conventional fertilization\u201d had the best effect on the improvement of organic matter, soil aggregates, and soil microbial activity, and was the best treatment method. In general, application of soil amendments, such as woody peat when constructing high quality farmland, could quickly improve CLQ, and field-scale CLQ evaluation model constructed from a multi-dimensional perspective could accurately assess the true quality of farmland and allow managers to improve and manage arable land resources under CLBP.

", "keywords": ["Scale (ratio)", "cultivated land quality evaluation", "Agricultural engineering", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Soil Evaluation", "Agricultural land", "Soil water", "Arable land", "cultivated land quality evaluation; field scale; high-quality farming layer; woody peat", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "S", "high-quality farming layer", "Life Sciences", "Land Suitability", "Land-Use Suitability Assessment Using GIS", "Land reclamation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "woody peat", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Agricultural Land Use", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Physical Sciences", "Quality (philosophy)", "field scale", "Cartography", "Soil Science", "Epistemology", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "Crop Suitability", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Soil science", "Peat", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Philosophy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2403/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122403"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11122403"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-67622011000100006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-07", "title": "Chemical Properties And Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In An Acrisol Under Agroforestry System And Slash And Burn Practices In Northern Piaui State", "description": "

A pr\uffc3\uffa1tica da agricultura de corte e queima tem causado a degrada\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do solo no Estado do Piau\uffc3\uffad, e isso tem estimulado a ado\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de alternativas sustent\uffc3\uffa1veis de uso da terra, como os Sistemas Agroflorestais. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar as mudan\uffc3\uffa7as nas caracter\uffc3\uffadsticas qu\uffc3\uffadmicas e nos estoques de carbono (COT) e nitrog\uffc3\uffaanio (NT) de um Argissolo Vermelo-Amarelo sob sistemas agroflorestais com seis (SAF6) e 10 (SAF10) anos de ado\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o, sistema com base ecol\uffc3\uffb3gica com tr\uffc3\uffaas anos de ado\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o (SE3), agricultura de corte e queima (ACQ) e floresta nativa (FN), no Norte piauiense. Foram coletadas amostras de solo nos per\uffc3\uffadodos seco e chuvoso na profundidade de 0-10 cm, para a avalia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos atributos qu\uffc3\uffadmicos do solo e dos estoques totais de carbono (COT) e nitrog\uffc3\uffaanio (NT). O SAF10 apresentou menor teor de Al+3 (0,02 cmol c dm-3). O teor de P no SAF10 (12,27 mg dm-3), no per\uffc3\uffadodo seco, foi seis a sete vezes maior do que ACQ e FN, respectivamente. Os maiores estoques de COT e NT foram observados no per\uffc3\uffadodo seco, respectivamente no SAF10 (48,54 Mg ha-1 e 4,43 Mg ha-1) e SAF6 (43,30 Mg ha-1 e 3,45 Mg ha-1). Os sistemas agroflorestais melhoraram a qualidade do solo e podem ser considerados como estrat\uffc3\uffa9gia conservacionista para o Norte do Piau\uffc3\uffad.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management and Soil quality", "Manejo do solo e Qualidade do solo", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agrofloresta", "Agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lima, Sandra Santana de, Leite, Luiz Fernando Carvalho, Oliveira, Francisco das Chagas, Costa, Daniela Batista da,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622011000100006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20%C3%81rvore", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-67622011000100006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-67622011000100006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-67622011000100006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f6072307", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-01", "description": "

Soil carbon (C) in three Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) agroforestry systems, afforestation (Ginkgo alone; G), and an agricultural cropping system were compared over a five-year period. The agroforestry systems were Ginkgo + Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) + Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.; GWP); Ginkgo + Mulberry (Morus alba L.; GM); and Ginkgo + Rapa (Brassica napus L.) + Peanut (GRP). The agricultural system consisted of wheat and peanut (WP). Total soil carbon (TSC), soil organic (SOC) and inorganic carbon (SIC), and the pools of five SOC chemical fractions were measured. TSC and SOC were always lower under WP than the G-based planting systems, and TSC in the latter increased significantly across years in the top 20 cm. Stocks of SIC under WP were significantly greater than the G-based systems, whereas SOC fractions tended to be lower. Most fractions increased across years but not in WP.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Inorganic carbon", "Agroecosystem", "agroecosystem", "organic carbon", "Ginkgo biloba", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "carbon fraction", "agroforestry", "Ginkgo biloba", "Afforestation", "afforestation", "Carbon fraction", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agroforestry", "soil carbon", "Organic carbon", "inorganic carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/6/7/2307/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f6072307"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f6072307", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f6072307", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f6072307"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:20:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-08", "description": "Open AccessEn este estudio se evalu\u00f3 la biomasa a\u00e9rea en seis diferentes sistemas agroforestales de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) asociado con especies forestales maderables y frutales\u00a0; con el prop\u00f3sito de conocer el potencial de captura de carbono por cada sistema. El estudio se realiz\u00f3 en dos diferentes sitios ubicados en la regi\u00f3n San Mart\u00edn (Provinces de San Mart\u00edn et Mariscal C\u00e1ceres). Los sistemas agroforestales estimados presentaron edades de 5, 12 y 20 a\u00f1os. En cada sistema se establecieron aleatoriamente cinco cuadrantes de 100 m2 cada uno, evalu\u00e1ndose la biomasa vegetal total existente. Para evaluar la ecuaci\u00f3n alom\u00e9trica del cacao se muestrearon 7 plantas cuyas edades variaron de 01 hasta 22 a\u00f1os. Loas resultados en captura de carbono en cada sistema agroforestal var\u00edan desde 26,2 t C ha-1para el sistema de Pachiza de 5 a\u00f1os hasta 45,07 t C ha-1del sistema agroforestal de Pachiza de 12 a\u00f1os\u00a0; As\u00ed mismo, la captura de carbono en biomasa arb\u00f3rea de los \u00e1rboles vivos, oscil\u00f3 desde 12,09 t ha-1 hasta 35,5 t ha-1, seguido por la biomasa de hojarasca que presentaron valores desde 4 t ha-1 hasta 9,97 t ha-1\u00a0; mientras la biomasa de \u00e1rboles muertos en pie y ca\u00eddos muertos presentaron valores muy variables y bajos. Los sistemas agroforestales de 12 y 20 a\u00f1os representan el 66,7% de los sistemas que presentan reservas de carbono por encima de los 40 t C ha-1\u00a0; mientras que los sistemas de 5 a\u00f1os se encuentran con reservas de carbono por debajo de los 30 t C ha-1. Los sistemas agroforestales de 5 a\u00f1os ubicados en Juanjui y Pachiza presentaron el mayor flujo de carbono anual, generando el mayor beneficio econ\u00f3mico con cr\u00e9ditos por CO2 equivalente.", "keywords": ["cacao", "sistemas agroforestales", "Horticulture", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Humanities", "Cocoa Production", "Carbono", "cr\u00e9ditos de C", "Agroforestry systems", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "Geography", "Life Sciences", "carbon credits", "FOS: Humanities", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Cacao Agroforestry Management and Conservation", "biomasa", "13. Climate action", "Theobroma", "CO\u00b2", "Art"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Concha, Juanita Y., Alegre, Julio C., Pocomucha, Vicente,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecolog%C3%ADa%20Aplicada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "name": "item", "description": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/app12094623", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-05", "title": "Opportunities for Low Indirect Land Use Biomass for Biofuels in Europe", "description": "

Sustainable biofuels are an important tool for the decarbonisation of transport. This is especially true in aviation, maritime, and heavy-duty sectors with limited short-term alternatives. Their use by conventional transport fleets requires few changes to the existing infrastructure and engines, and thus their integration can be smooth and relatively rapid. Provision of feedstock should comply with sustainability principles for (i) producing additional biomass without distorting food and feed markets and (ii) addressing challenges for ecosystem services, including biodiversity, and soil quality. This paper performs a meta-analysis of current research for low indirect land use change (ILUC) risk biomass crops for sustainable biofuels that benefited either from improved agricultural practices or from cultivation in unused, abandoned, or severely degraded land. Two categories of biomass crops are considered here: oil and lignocellulosic. The findings confirm that there are significant opportunities to cultivate these crops in European agro-ecological zones with sustainable agronomic practices both in farming land and in land with natural constraints (unused, abandoned, and degraded land). These could produce additional low environmental impact feedstocks for biofuels and deliver economic benefits to farmers.

", "keywords": ["advanced biofuels", "Technology", "Chemistry", " Multidisciplinary", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "CROP-ROTATION", "CARBON", "Engineering", "11. Sustainability", "land use change; low ILUC; oil crops; lignocellulosic crops; advanced biofuels; sustainability; marginal land; degraded land", "ALTERNATIVE FUELS", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "marginal land", "T", "Physics", "sustainability", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Chemistry", "Applied", "Physical Sciences", "TA1-2040", "low ILUC", "land use change", "330", "QH301-705.5", "QC1-999", "Materials Science", "Engineering", " Multidisciplinary", "Materials Science", " Multidisciplinary", "Physics", " Applied", "12. Responsible consumption", "CYCLE", "QD1-999", "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Science & Technology", "advanced biofuels; degraded land; land use change; lignocellulosic crops; low ILUC; marginal land; oil crops; sustainability", "15. Life on land", "AGROFORESTRY", "SOIL", "NITROGEN", "lignocellulosic crops", "YIELD", "oil crops", "13. Climate action", "CRAMBE-ABYSSINICA", "degraded land"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2995521/1/applsci-12-04623-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094623"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/app12094623", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/app12094623", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/app12094623"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/271651", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-28", "title": "Expansion of olive orchards and their impact on the cultivation and landscape through a case study in the countryside of Cordoba (Spain)", "description": "Open Access\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 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\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.", "keywords": ["Period (music)", "Soil Degradation", "Vascular Flora of Mediterranean Europe and North Africa", "Soil Science", "Orchard", "Plant Science", "Mediterranean", "Horticulture", "Genetic and Environmental Factors in Grapevine Cultivation", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Pathology", "Ecosystem services", "Landscape elements", "Agroforestry", "Irrigation", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Geography", "Ecology", "Physics", "Common agricultural policy", "Olive groves", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "Acoustics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Olive trees", "Agronomy", "Sustainability", "Archaeology", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Shifting cultivation", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Vegetation (pathology)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/271651"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Use%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/271651", "name": "item", "description": "10261/271651", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/271651"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy13020511", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-10", "title": "Effects of Different Soil Water and Heat Regulation Patterns on the Physiological Growth and Water Use in an Apple\u2013Soybean Intercropping System", "description": "

In this study, a typical apple\u2013soybean intercropping system was used to analyze the effects of different soil water and heat regulation modes on the spatial distribution of the soil water content (SWC), photosynthetic physiological characteristics, and growth. Three maximum irrigation levels [50% (W1), 65% (W2), and 80% (W3) of field capacity (FC)] and two mulching intervals [from seedling to podding stage (M1) and during the full stage (M2) of soybeans] were tested. The results showed that the SWC of W3M2 was the highest, while the W2M1 and W1M2 treatments used more deep soil water. Irrigation increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, and transpiration rate of leaves in the agroforestry system. In addition, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves under the W2 irrigation level increased after mulch removal in the later growth stage. At W1 and W2 irrigation levels, the soybean yield of half-stage mulching was 0.85\u201315.49% higher than that of full-stage mulching. Multiple regression analysis showed that grain yield under the W3M2 treatment reached the maximum value of the fitting equation. The photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, and grain yield under W2M1 reached 71\u201386% of the maximum value of the fitting equation, with the largest soil plant analysis development value. To effectively alleviate water competition in the apple\u2013soybean intercropping system, our results suggest adoption of the 80% FC upper irrigation limit (W3) combined with soybean M2 treatment in young apple trees\u2013soybean intercropping system during water abundant years. In addition, adoption of the 65% FC upper irrigation limit (W2) combined with the soybean M1 treatment in water deficit years could effectively improve soil water, heat environment, and promote growth.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "drip irrigation", "S", "interspecific competition", "mulching time", "Mulching time", "Agriculture", "Loess region in Shanxi province", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "agroforestry", "Interspecific competition", "Drip irrigation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wang, Lisha, Wang, Ruoshui, Luo, Chengwei, Dai, Houshuai, Xiong, Chang, Wang, Xin, Zhang, Meng, Xiao, Wan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/511/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/511/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020511"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy13020511", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy13020511", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy13020511"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-20", "title": "Multidecadal Change In Streamflow Associated With Anthropogenic Disturbances In The Tropical Andes", "description": "

Abstract. Andean headwater catchments are an important source of freshwater for downstream water users. However, few long-term studies exist on the relative importance of climate change and direct anthropogenic perturbations on flow regimes in these catchments. In this paper, we assess change in streamflow based on long time series of hydrometeorological data (1974\uffe2\uff80\uff932008) and land cover reconstructions (1963\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) in the Pangor catchment (282 km2) located in the tropical Andes. Three main land cover change trajectories can be distinguished during the period 1963\uffe2\uff80\uff932009: (1) expansion of agricultural land by an area equal to 14 % of the catchment area (or 39 km2) in 46 years' time, (2) deforestation of native forests by 11 % (or \uffe2\uff88\uff9231 km2) corresponding to a mean rate of 67 ha yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and (3) afforestation with exotic species in recent years by about 5 % (or 15 km2). Over the time period 1963\uffe2\uff80\uff932009, about 50 % of the 64 km2 of native forests was cleared and converted to agricultural land. Given the strong temporal variability of precipitation and streamflow data related to El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o\uffe2\uff80\uff93Southern Oscillation, we use empirical mode decomposition techniques to detrend the time series. The long-term increasing trend in rainfall is remarkably different from the observed changes in streamflow, which exhibit a decreasing trend. Hence, observed changes in streamflow are not the result of long-term change in precipitation but very likely result from anthropogenic disturbances associated with land cover change.

", "keywords": ["Technology", "Period (music)", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "Urban Flooding", "Precipitation", "02 engineering and technology", "Oceanography", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "land-use change", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "Climate change", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "Water Science and Technology", "Climatology", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Geography", "Ecology", "T", "Physics", "Hydrology (agriculture)", "Geology", "Programming language", "Hydrological Modeling and Water Resource Management", "Physical Sciences", "Cartography", "Land cover", "1443", "Hydrometeorology", "Drainage basin", "0207 environmental engineering", "Streamflow", "Environmental science", "G", "Global Flood Risk Assessment and Management", "Meteorology", "Afforestation", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Land use", " land-use change and forestry", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Acoustics", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Environmental sciences", "Geotechnical engineering", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Global Drought Monitoring and Assessment", "Land use"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fclim.2024.1344524", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-29", "title": "Quantification of soil organic carbon: the challenge of biochar-induced spatial heterogeneity", "description": "Introduction

Soil organic carbon (SOC) content can vary significantly across a given plot. Therefore, a representative sampling is a prerequisite to obtain meaningful results from analysis and of utter importance when SOC quantification is used to quantify (temporary) carbon dioxide removal (CDR). However, certain management practices aiming to increase SOC further increase the level of heterogeneity and may challenge representative sampling schemes. This includes concentrated root-zone application of biochar, which immediately increases SOC with the input of biochar-C and may promote the local enrichment of non-biochar SOC over time.

Methods

Here, we used numerical modelling to quantify the number of single sampling points (soil cores) needed to achieve a representative sample of biochar-C and total SOC on a plot after application of biochar in rows, e.g., for growing vegetables, or in the circumference of trees in agroforestry systems.

Results

After row application of 5\uffe2\uff80\uff89t\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 biochar in soil with rather low SOC content (26\uffe2\uff80\uff89t\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921), 140 soil cores (per 0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha plot) where necessary to achieve representative sampling of C-stocks (\uffc2\uffb15% error) in 90% of the repeated sampling simulation cases. Compared to realistic and cost-effective soil sampling scenarios in agronomic practice, we conclude that concentrated root zone application of biochar makes representative sampling for quantification of SOC in soils with low baseline C-stocks virtually impossible.

Discussion

This finding calls into question the soil-sampling and SOC-analysis-based (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cresult-based\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) monitoring of SOC as a (temporary) CDR when biochar might have been applied. Considering the rapid scaling of biochar production and use in agriculture, this is a considerable challenge for SOC certification. Instead, action-based incentives, rewarding farmers for carrying out specific practices, could be applied to promote carbon farming practices.Since agriculture directly contributes to global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, integrating trees into agricultural landscapes through agroforestry systems is a viable adaptive strategy for climate change mitigation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the carbon (C) sequestration and financial benefits of C sequestration according to Quebec\uffe2\uff80\uff99s Cap-and-Trade System for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Allowances (C & T System) or the Syst\uffc3\uffa8me de plafonnement et d\uffe2\uff80\uff99\uffc3\uffa9change de droits d\uffe2\uff80\uff99\uffc3\uffa9mission de gaz \uffc3\uffa0 effet de serre du Qu\uffc3\uffa9bec (SPEDE) program for two experimental 10-year-old tree-based intercropping (TBI) systems in southern Quebec, Canada. We estimated total C stored in the two TBI systems with hybrid poplar and hardwoods and adjacent non-TBI systems under agricultural production, considering soil, crop and crop roots, litterfall, tree and tree roots as C stocks. The C sequestration of the TBI and adjacent non-TBI systems were compared and the market value of the C payment was evaluated using the net present value (NPV) approach. The TBI systems had 33% to 36% more C storage than adjacent non-TBI systems. The financial benefits of C sequestration after 10 years of TBI practices amounted to of $2,259\uffe2\uff80\uff93$2,758 CAD ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and $1,568\uffe2\uff80\uff93$1,913 CAD ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for St. Edouard and St. Paulin sites, respectively. We conclude that valorizing the C sequestration of TBI systems could be an incentive to promote the establishment of TBI for the purpose of GHG mitigation in Quebec, Canada.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "cap-and-trade system", "330", "hybrid poplar", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "carbon budget", "temperate agroforestry", "hybrid poplar; temperate agroforestry; cap-and-trade system; soil carbon storage; carbon budget", "13. Climate action", "soil carbon storage", "Meteorology. Climatology", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QC851-999"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/7/2/17/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos7020017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/atmos7020017", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/atmos7020017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/atmos7020017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f10121125", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-10", "description": "

Agroforestry systems are important, globally affecting 1.2 billion people and covering 0.6 billion hectares. They are often cited for providing ecosystem services, such as augmenting soil fertility via N accumulation and increasing soil C stocks. Improved-fallow slash-and-mulch systems have the potential to do both, while reducing nutrient losses associated with burning. In the absence of burning, these systems also have the potential to grow trees through multiple rotations. This project collected soil, mulch, and biomass data over the course of one 9-year crop-fallow rotation and the first two years of the second rotation. A split-plot design was used to assess the effects of P + K fertilization and inclusion of an N-fixing tree species, Inga edulis, on crop and tree biomass production. Fertilization increased growth and nutrient accumulation during Rotation 1 by an average of 36%, ranging from 11% in Parkia multijuga to 52% in Ceiba pentandra. Residual P + K fertilization improved tree and crop growth 20 months into Rotation 2 by an average of 50%, ranging from 15% in Cedrela odorata to 73% in Schizolobium amazonicum. The improved-fallow slash-and-mulch system increased the rates of secondary succession biomass accumulation (11\uffe2\uff88\uff9215 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) by 41\uffe2\uff80\uff9364% compared to natural succession (7\uffe2\uff80\uff938 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Furthermore, P + K fertilization increased secondary-succession biomass accumulation by 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9324%. Nutrient accumulation through biomass production was adequate to replace nutrients exported via crop root and timber stem harvests.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nutrient content", "Amazonia", "soil N", "agroforestry system", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil C", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "N-fixing trees", "improved-fallow", "native trees", "slash-and-mulch"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/12/1125/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f10121125"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f10121125", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f10121125", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f10121125"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4236/ajps.2014.56101", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-25", "description": "The aim of the work was to evaluate the productivity, leaf nutrient content and soil nutrient con- centration in maize (Zea mays L.) grown in sequence with black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb.) under Leucaena diversifolia alley cropping agroforestry system (AFS) and traditional management system/sole crop (without trees-TS), after two years of cultivation following a randomized block design. The experiment was carried out in the Brazilian Association of Biodynamic Agriculture, in Botucatu\u2014Sao Paulo, Brazil. Treatments were: control (C), chemical fertilizer application (F), biomass of L. diversifolia alley cropping application (B), biomass of L. diversifolia alley cropping + chemical fertilizer application (B + F). In the second year of management it was observed that black oat yield was higher in treatments B + F and F with significant difference in relation to the others treatments in both systems, followed by treatment B. Between systems, only treatment B showed significant difference, with higher yield value corresponding to AFS, reflecting the efficien- cy of AFS to promote soil fertility. Maize production presented the second year of cultivation an increasing trend in all treatments in both production systems. This result may be due to the cumu- lative effect of mineralization and maize straw and oats, along the experiment. How productivity was higher in the AFS system, could also be occurring effect of biological nitrogen fixation, water retention and reduction of extreme microclimate through the rows of L. diversifolia. Comparing the AFS and TS, it was observed that the concentration of N in leaf tissue was higher in the AFS treatments, probably due to nitrogen fixation performed through the rows of L. diversifolia, that is a nitrogen fixing tree species. After two years, carbon stocked in soil show higher values in the treatments biomass + fertilizer and biomass application, in both systems, AFS and TS. * Corresponding author.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agroforestry system", "Mineral nutrition", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Acacia melanoxylon", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bertalot, Maria Jos\u00e9 Alves, Guerrini, Irae Amaral, Mendoza, Eduardo, Pinto, Mauro S. V.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2014.56101"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Plant%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4236/ajps.2014.56101", "name": "item", "description": "10.4236/ajps.2014.56101", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4236/ajps.2014.56101"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.0zpc86711", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:37Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Agroforestry carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emission rates in central Alberta, Canada", "description": "Open AccessThe current dataset replaces a previous version and has been modified for clarity and carefully reviewed for accuracy.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "deadwood", "FOS: Agricultural sciences", "Sustainable agriculture", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "climate change mitigation", "sustainable agriculture", "soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "ecosystem carbon sequestration", "11. Sustainability", "agroforestry systems", "Greenhouse gas emissions"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0zpc86711"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.0zpc86711", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.0zpc86711", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.0zpc86711"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-10-3691-2013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-14", "title": "A meta-analysis on the impacts of partial cutting on forest structure and carbon storage", "description": "

Abstract. Partial cutting, which removes some individual trees from a forest, is one of the major and widespread forest management practices that can significantly alter both forest structure and carbon (C) storage. Using 746 observations from 82 publications, we synthesized the impacts of partial cutting on three variables associated with forest structure (i.e. mean annual growth of diameter at breast height (DBH), basal area (BA), and volume) and four variables related to various C stock components (i.e. aboveground biomass C (AGBC), understory C, forest floor C, and mineral soil C). Results shows that the growth of DBH elevated by 112% after partial cutting, compared to the uncut control, while stand BA and volume reduced immediately by 34% and 29%, respectively. On average, partial cutting reduced AGBC by 43%, increased understory C storage by 392%, but did not show significant effects on C storages on forest floor and in mineral soil. All the effects on DBH growth, stand BA, volume, and AGBC intensified linearly with cutting intensity (CI) and decreased linearly with the number of recovery years (RY). In addition to the strong impacts of CI and RY, other factors such as climate zone and forest type also affected forest responses to partial cutting. The data assembled in this synthesis were not sufficient to determine how long it would take for a complete recovery after cutting because long-term experiments were rare. Future efforts should be tailored to increase the duration of the experiments and balance geographic locations of field studies.

", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "0106 biological sciences", "Sustainable forest management", "Volume (thermodynamics)", "Diameter at breast height", "Forest Carbon Sequestration", "Estimation of Forest Biomass and Carbon Stocks", "Quantum mechanics", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Basal area", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Life", "Forest structure", "QH501-531", "Development and Impacts of Bioenergy Crops", "FOS: Mathematics", "Climate change", "Carbon stock", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "QH540-549.5", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "QE1-996.5", "Global and Planetary Change", "Understory", "Forest management", "Ecology", "Geography", "Physics", "Confidence interval", "Statistics", "Canopy", "Life Sciences", "Geology", "Forestry", "15. Life on land", "Clearcutting", "Climate Change Impacts on Forest Carbon Sequestration", "Forest Site Productivity", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Tree Height-Diameter Models", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Biomass Estimation", "Animal science", "Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3691-2013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-10-3691-2013", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-10-3691-2013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-10-3691-2013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1h4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:44Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: No evidence of foliar disease impact on crop root functional strategies and soil microbial communities: What does this mean for organic coffee?", "description": "Global climate change is increasing pest and pathogen pressures on plant communities, deteriorating optimal plant functioning. In plant communities, root functional trait expression and microbial communities are important indicators of plant functioning belowground, and, when confronted with pathogens aboveground, can simultaneously reflect plant defence strategies. Yet, while research is continuing to emerge on the response of root functional traits and microbial processes to pathogens aboveground, little work has investigated these interactions in tree-crops, or the role organic amendments play\u00a0in moderating these relationships.\u00a0The main objective of this study is to\u00a0disentangle the dynamic effects of pathogens and amendments on root functional traits (i.e., specific root length and area, root diameter, root length density, root nitrogen, and root carbon to nitrogen ratio) and root endophytic fungal communities. As a model, we use Coffea arabica\u00a0(coffee)\u00a0variety Caturra along a gradient of Coffee Leaf Rust \u2013 a foliar disease prominent in coffee systems \u2013 under contrasting but widespread amendment regimes in biodiverse\u00a0agroforestry systems. We found that root trait expression varies along established conservation and collaboration gradients, where fungal endophyte community composition varies significantly as a function of root traits. Belowground resource acquisition strategies do not change with foliar disease incidence, suggesting they may be decoupled. Rather, amendment regimes differentially shape root trait expression and microbial communities, where coffee plants under organic amendments, regardless of foliar disease incidence, expressed greater acquisitive traits and enhanced collaboration with symbiotic fungi. This is an important first step in disentangling the dynamic inter-relationships between plant traits, endophytes, and pathogens, generating new questions on the role of amendments in sustainable pathogen management in biodiverse agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "coffee (Coffea arabica)", "13. Climate action", "fungal root endophytes", "coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix)", "root functional traits", "FOS: Agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "15. Life on land", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gagliardi, Stephanie, Avelino, Jacques, Fulthorpe, Roberta, Virginio Filho, Elias de Melo, Isaac, Marney,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1h4"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1h4", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1h4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1h4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10060735", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:09Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Carbon storage in old hedgerows: The importance of below-ground biomass", "description": "Dataset to the manuscript: Drexler, S., Thiessen, E., & Don, A. (2023). Carbon storage in old hedgerows: The importance of below-ground biomass. GCB Bioenergy. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13112 Drexler_et_al_2023-cn_biomass: contains the data on the biomass\u00a0C/N measurements Drexler_et_al_2023-overallstocks: contains the calculated carbon\u00a0stocks per subplot for all carbon pools Drexler_et_al_2023-soc_cropland: contains the calculated soil organic carbon stocks (0-100cm soil depth) of the reference cropland Drexler_et_al_2023-soc_weight_fine_roots: contains the raw data on the dry weight of the fine roots and the raw data on the soil samples (C/N data, dry weight, stone/root fraction) per subplot and sampling depth Drexler_et_al_2023-weight_above_ground_biomass: contains the raw\u00a0data on the dry weight of the harvestable biomass and biomass of the mature trees per subplot Drexler_et_al_2023-weight_coarse_roots_litter: contains the raw\u00a0data on the dry weight of the coarse roots, litter and stumps per subplot", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "root sampling", "below-ground biomass", "carbon accounting", "climate-smart agriculture", "15. Life on land", "agroforestry", "root carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Drexler, Sophie, Thiessen, Eiko, Don, Axel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10060735"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10060735", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10060735", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10060735"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10203450", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Quantification of soil organic carbon: the challenge of biochar-induced spatial heterogeneity", "description": "R-script and output from model on spatially discrete biochar application and its influence on representative SOC sampling. An additional document to explain the data curation is also available ('Comment on Data curation').", "keywords": ["modelling", "pyrogenic carbon capture and storage", "representative sampling", "biochar carbon removal", "15. Life on land", "root-zone application", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "ITHAKA", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10203450"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10203450", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10203450", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10203450"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10391086", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-15", "title": "Agroforestry and the Sustainable Finance Initiative", "description": "Open AccessPolicy Briefing #28 (v2) responds to an EU consultation on the Sustainable Finance Initiative. It focuses on the need for agroforestry to be recognised alongside forestry and wetland restoration in Annex 1 of the Climate Delegated Act of the SFI (the \u201ctaxonomy\u201d). For the purposes of the SFI, 'agroforestry' describes the planned use of trees and shrubs on agricultural land. Given the correct incentives, agroforestry can be a very attractive option for farmers and landowners who do not wish to change the legal designation of their land to 'forest' through 'afforestation'.\u00a0 Agricultural land was defined in Article 4 of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation as including agroforestry, and agroforestry definitions are given in the CAP Strategic Plans of all Member States.\u00a0 Agroforestry should therefore be included in Annex 1 of the SFI\u00a0 'Climate Delegated Act' as a new section titled \u201c2.2 Agroforestry Establishment and Restoration\u201d. Possible technical screening criteria are provided, including: agroforestry plans, climate benefit analysis, guarantee of permanence, audit and group assessment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lawson, Gerry, Muraru, Constantin, Drca, Maja, de Boeck, Anna, Gassner, Anja,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10391086"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/EURAF%20Policy%20Briefing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10391086", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10391086", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10391086"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10394497", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:11Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2023-12-15", "title": "Agroforestry and the Sustainable Finance Initiative", "description": "Open AccessPolicy Briefing #28 (v2) responds to an EU consultation on the Sustainable Finance Initiative. It focuses on the need for agroforestry to be recognised alongside forestry and wetland restoration in Annex 1 of the Climate Delegated Act of the SFI (the \u201ctaxonomy\u201d). For the purposes of the SFI, 'agroforestry' describes the planned use of trees and shrubs on agricultural land. Given the correct incentives, agroforestry can be a very attractive option for farmers and landowners who do not wish to change the legal designation of their land to 'forest' through 'afforestation'.\u00a0 Agricultural land was defined in Article 4 of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation as including agroforestry, and agroforestry definitions are given in the CAP Strategic Plans of all Member States.\u00a0 Agroforestry should therefore be included in Annex 1 of the SFI\u00a0 'Climate Delegated Act' as a new section titled \u201c2.2 Agroforestry Establishment and Restoration\u201d. Possible technical screening criteria are provided, including: agroforestry plans, climate benefit analysis, guarantee of permanence, audit and group assessment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lawson, Gerry, Muraru, Constantin, Drca, Maja, de Boeck, Anna, Gassner, Anja,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10394497"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10394497", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10394497", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10394497"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13771253", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:22:35Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Initial approach to monitoring reporting and verification (MRV) of agroforestry carbon farming in the EU", "description": "Open AccessPolicy Briefing #20 (v3) responds to the provisionally approved text of the Carbon Removals Certification Framework (CRCF). Delegated and Implementing Acts will now be produced by the Commission, aiming to implement 'permanent carbon removals', 'removals in harvested products' and 'carbon-farming'. This Briefing gives advice on how the Delegated Act on 'monitoring, reporting and verification of carbon farming' could be approached for the activity of 'agricultural soils and agroforestry'. Sixteen monitoring criteria are listed in the agreed CRCF. Most can be addressed by IPCC rules, existing carbon-farming protocols, and improved biophysical modelling. The last two criteria deal with the demonstration of 'no significant harm' in five areas of sustainability and a 'positive co-benefit' in the area of 'biodiversity and ecosystems'. Techniques and indicators for these criteria remain to be developed. It is vital that procedures and data used to monitor carbon farming and national reporting of GHG emissions are shared, and that carbon farming initiatives can contribute in a robust and verifiable manner to the achievement of national emission reduction targets. Most importantly, the CRCF should be attractive enough for Member States to collectively reach the LULUCF target of 310 Mt CO2e removals by 2030, or even the 420 Mt CO2e total removals in the land sector by 2040, suggested in initial drafts of the Communication on Europe's 2040 climate target (COM-2024-63).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "carbon farming", "DigitAF", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "LAWSON, Gerry, Monteleone, Daniel, Rocha, Ana, Dupraz, Christian, H\u00fcbner, Rico, Torres Guerrero, Carlos Alberto,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13771253"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13771253", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13771253", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13771253"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-09-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11382/559832", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:25:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-14", "title": "Agroforestry policy development in England: a question of knowledge transference", "description": "Agroecology as a concept for reimagining food systems has grown in popularity and is now used in several food and agriculture policy frameworks around the world. While there is a significant body of research around agroecology, its origins, applications, and as a much-needed transition pathway to sustainable food systems, there is limited understanding on how agroecology may be situated within policy frameworks and how agroecological knowledge may be used to inform decision-making. In England, as the Government\u2019s post-Brexit subsidy scheme \u2013 the Environmental Land Management Scheme (ELMs) \u2013 is developed, various sectoral actors are employing different frameworks in attempts to deliver multiple objectives around land use, food, agriculture and biodiversity. This paper reviews 3 influential frameworks (Sustainable Development Goals, Ecosystem Services, FAO\u2019s 10 Principles of Agroecology) and assesses the degree to which they contribute to the development of agroecologically-oriented policy in England. With a specific focus on agroforestry as an exemplar agroecological approach, this paper contributes to the limited policy literature on agroecology. Using thematic and content analysis, nine policy documents pertaining to agroforestry were reviewed, resulting in a \u2018degree of embeddedness\u2019 being assigned to each framework. Results showed that all three frameworks had a low degree of embeddedness in policy; in other words, none of the frameworks considered have been coherently integrated into current policy documents. With such urgency to halt environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, climate breakdown and food insecurity, the apparent lack of knowledge transfer within critical policy documents is noteworthy. This paper concludes with a set of broad policy recommendations, applicable at both the EU and national level, alongside a set of recommendations specifically for agroforestry policy development in England.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Agroecology; Agroforestry; Policy development; Food systems", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/559832/1/1-s2.0-S0264837723004027-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11382/559832"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Use%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11382/559832", "name": "item", "description": "11382/559832", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11382/559832"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/00fqh-scr74", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-28", "title": "Expansion of olive orchards and their impact on the cultivation and landscape through a case study in the countryside of Cordoba (Spain)", "description": "Open Access\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.", "keywords": ["Period (music)", "Soil Degradation", "Vascular Flora of Mediterranean Europe and North Africa", "Soil Science", "Orchard", "Plant Science", "Mediterranean", "Horticulture", "Genetic and Environmental Factors in Grapevine Cultivation", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Pathology", "Ecosystem services", "Landscape elements", "Agroforestry", "Irrigation", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Geography", "Ecology", "Physics", "Common agricultural policy", "Olive groves", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "Acoustics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Olive trees", "Agronomy", "Sustainability", "Archaeology", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Shifting cultivation", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Vegetation (pathology)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/00fqh-scr74"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Use%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/00fqh-scr74", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/00fqh-scr74", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/00fqh-scr74"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:23:38Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Realistic soil carbon sequestration considering food security and climate change", "description": "This dataset contains soil organic carbon stocks as described in Keel et al. Global Change Biology (submitted) Annual soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks (t C ha-1, 0-30 cm depth) of Swiss agricultural soils simulated with the model RothC for the years 2020-2100. Simulations were performed for 240 strata (regions with similar agricultural production types, climatic conditions and clay content). The SOC stocks are weighted averages across strata for the national scale.
Each column contains SOC stocks for a specific combination of a climate model chains (nine in total) and an emission scenario (three in total: RCP 26, RCP 45, RCP 85) (specified in column header). The results include simulated SOC stocks for a baseline scenario and five soil carbon sequestration (SCS) scenarios (cover crops, biochar amendment at two rates, biochar amendment based on biomass from two agroforestry scenarios).
The SCS scenarios were only performed on cropland, therefore there is only a single file for grassland (the baseline scenario).
All simulations (i.e. baseline as well as the five scenarios) account for changes in crop shares and organic matter additions associated with growing food demand as well as climate change. The scenarios are described in Keel et al. Global Change Biology (submitted) CL_baseline: Baseline scenario for cropland (CL)
GL_baseline: Baseline scenario for permanent grassland (GL)
CL_cover_crops: Cover crop scenario for cropland
CL_biochar_I: Biochar I scenario for cropland
CL_biochar_II: Biochar II scenario for cropland
CL_agroforestry_I: Agroforestry I scenario for cropland
CL_agroforestry_II: Agroforestry II scenario for cropland", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil organic carbon", " negative emission technology", " carbon dioxide removal", " 4p1000", " climate change", " population growth", " food security", " soil carbon modelling", " biomass availability", " RothC", " biochar", " cover crops", " agroforestry", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Keel, Sonja G.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6413955"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6413955", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6413955"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:23:41Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Crop Diversification and Soil Biodiversity", "description": "Adoption of new management practices to increase crop production and quality (Crop Diversification and Soil Biodiversity) This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop diversification", "15. Life on land", "crop rotation", "", "agroforestry", "soil", "biodiversity"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zornoza, Ra\u00fal", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6907241"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6907241"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8231085", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:23:55Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Agroforestry & the 2040 AFOLU net-zero target", "description": "Open AccessPolicy Briefing #26 is a contribution to the DG CLIMA consultation on 2040 climate targets. It suggests that, if the EU's target of 3 billion additional trees\u00a0 by 2030 were planted in agroforestry systems at the density of 150 (50-400) trees/ha, with 1 million ha planted each year to 2050, that a long-term average of 192 Mt CO2 yr-1 could be sequestered during the lifetime of the plantations. This is close to the current levels of LULUCF sequestration across the EU (212 Mt CO2e in 2021). However, trees grow slowly when they are first planted and the potential contribution of these agroforestry systems would take time to develop. Taking, for example, a generic agroforestry plantation at 150 trees/ha, a rotation length of 30 years, and 1 million hectares planted per annum across Europe from 2025 to 2050: it is estimated that sequestration would be only 2 Mt CO2 in 2030, but that this would rise to 81 Mt in 2030 and 188 Mt CO2 in 2050.\u00a0 Agroforestry can be carried out by planting trees in lines within parcels, or in hedges, windbreaks [1] and copses at parcel boundaries.\u00a0 It is thought that this scale of planting is economically feasible on most of the 169 Million ha of agricultural land which exists in the Europe (EEA-39) with zero tree cover, and that any reductions in agricultural yield would be moderate, and compensated by carbon sequestration and other environmental or animal-welfare benefits.\u00a0 This Briefing is being sent to the Agricultural Departments of all Member States: it is hoped they take advantage of the EU\u2019s request that CAP Strategic Plans be revised to deliver on the new LULUCF targets.\u00a0 Agroforestry programmes are possibly the best option to achieve this.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "15. Life on land", "agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gerry LAWSON, Sonja KAY, Michael den HERDER, Paul Burgess,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8231085"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8231085", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8231085", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8231085"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.60692/2ezcc-55g95", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-28", "title": "Impacts of Farming Layer Constructions on Cultivated Land Quality under the Cultivated Land Balance Policy", "description": "

Cultivated Land Balance Policy (CLBP) has led to the \u201cbetter land occupied and worse land supplemented\u201d program. At the same time, the current field-scale cultivated land quality (CLQ) evaluation cannot meet the work requirements of the CLBP. To this end, this study selected 24 newly added farmland in Fuping County and performed eight different high quality farming layer construction experiments to improve the CLQ. A new comprehensive model was constructed on a field scale to evaluate the CLQ using different tests from multi-dimensional perspectives of soil fertility, engineering, environment, and ecology, and to determine the best test mode. The results showed that after the test, around 62% of the cultivated land improved by one level, and the average cultivated land quality level and quality index of the test area increased by 0.63 and 30.63, respectively. The treatment of \u201cwoody peat + rotten crop straw + biostimulation regulator II + conventional fertilization\u201d had the best effect on the improvement of organic matter, soil aggregates, and soil microbial activity, and was the best treatment method. In general, application of soil amendments, such as woody peat when constructing high quality farmland, could quickly improve CLQ, and field-scale CLQ evaluation model constructed from a multi-dimensional perspective could accurately assess the true quality of farmland and allow managers to improve and manage arable land resources under CLBP.

", "keywords": ["Scale (ratio)", "cultivated land quality evaluation", "Agricultural engineering", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Soil Evaluation", "Agricultural land", "Soil water", "Arable land", "cultivated land quality evaluation; field scale; high-quality farming layer; woody peat", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "S", "high-quality farming layer", "Life Sciences", "Land Suitability", "Land-Use Suitability Assessment Using GIS", "Land reclamation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "woody peat", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Agricultural Land Use", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Physical Sciences", "Quality (philosophy)", "field scale", "Cartography", "Soil Science", "Epistemology", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "Crop Suitability", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Soil science", "Peat", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Philosophy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2403/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.60692/2ezcc-55g95"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.60692/2ezcc-55g95", "name": "item", "description": "10.60692/2ezcc-55g95", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.60692/2ezcc-55g95"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/309081", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-10", "title": "Effects of Different Soil Water and Heat Regulation Patterns on the Physiological Growth and Water Use in an Apple\u2013Soybean Intercropping System", "description": "

In this study, a typical apple\u2013soybean intercropping system was used to analyze the effects of different soil water and heat regulation modes on the spatial distribution of the soil water content (SWC), photosynthetic physiological characteristics, and growth. Three maximum irrigation levels [50% (W1), 65% (W2), and 80% (W3) of field capacity (FC)] and two mulching intervals [from seedling to podding stage (M1) and during the full stage (M2) of soybeans] were tested. The results showed that the SWC of W3M2 was the highest, while the W2M1 and W1M2 treatments used more deep soil water. Irrigation increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, and transpiration rate of leaves in the agroforestry system. In addition, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves under the W2 irrigation level increased after mulch removal in the later growth stage. At W1 and W2 irrigation levels, the soybean yield of half-stage mulching was 0.85\u201315.49% higher than that of full-stage mulching. Multiple regression analysis showed that grain yield under the W3M2 treatment reached the maximum value of the fitting equation. The photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, and grain yield under W2M1 reached 71\u201386% of the maximum value of the fitting equation, with the largest soil plant analysis development value. To effectively alleviate water competition in the apple\u2013soybean intercropping system, our results suggest adoption of the 80% FC upper irrigation limit (W3) combined with soybean M2 treatment in young apple trees\u2013soybean intercropping system during water abundant years. In addition, adoption of the 65% FC upper irrigation limit (W2) combined with the soybean M1 treatment in water deficit years could effectively improve soil water, heat environment, and promote growth.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "drip irrigation", "S", "interspecific competition", "mulching time", "Mulching time", "Agriculture", "Loess region in Shanxi province", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "agroforestry", "Interspecific competition", "Drip irrigation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agroforestry"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wang, Lisha, Wang, Ruoshui, Luo, Chengwei, Dai, Houshuai, Xiong, Chang, Wang, Xin, Zhang, Meng, Xiao, Wan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/511/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/511/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10261/309081"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/309081", "name": "item", "description": "10261/309081", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/309081"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/3TMNON", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:36Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Replication Data for: Assessing the Downstream Socioeconomic and Land Health Impacts of Agroforestry in Kenya", "description": "Agroforestry is widely purported to improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers, rehabilitate degraded landscapes, and enhance the provisioning of critical ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration. Yet, the evidence base supporting these longer-term impacts is weak. Using a quasi-experimental evaluation design based on a theory-based and mixed methods framework, we investigated both the downstream and intermediate effects of a nine year effort led by Vi Agroforestry (herein Vi), a Swedish non-governmental organization (NGO), to promote agroforestry in large sections of Bungoma and Kakamega counties in western Kenya. In particular, we compared two sets of households against various outcome measures along the causal chain: those belonging to (a) 226 pre-existing farmer groups operating in 60 targeted programme villages; and (b) 206 pre-existing farmer groups operating in 61 geospatially matched comparison (non-programme) villages. To further counter selection bias, we combined several econometric analytical methods, including two-stage least squares regression (2SLS), with difference-in-differences estimation. In addition, to triangulate key findings and interrogate impact pathways, unforeseen outcomes, and unexpected quantitative results, we carried out semi-structured in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of 40 purposively selected programme participants. We also applied process tracing to investigate the linkages between Vi\u2019s programme and previous agroforestry research carried out by the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). We found these research-to-programme linkages to be strong, and that greater\u2014albeit variable and generally modest\u2014programme exposure and agroforestry uptake took place among the farmer groups Vi targeted. Similarly, significant, yet again variable, effects were also identified for agroforestry product income, fuelwood access, and milk yields among dairy farmers. Soil organic carbon (estimated through remote sensing) increased at a higher rate overall in the sampled farm plots of the programme villages, but, ironically, so too did soil erosion. Finally, we found limited evidence that the programme significantly bolstered food security, shock resilience, and education progression and spending. However, we identified statistically significant\u2014although, again, modest\u2014 programme effects for our asset and consumption expenditure measures (which includes our primary outcome variable), particularly among households represented by female programme participants.", "keywords": ["FOS: Economics and business", "Agricultural Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Impact assessment", "Social Sciences", "Econometrics", "Agroforestry", "Kenya"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Karl Hughes, Seth Morgan, Baylis, Kathy, Oduol, Judith, Smith-Dumont, Emilie, Tor-Gunnar Vagen, Mutemi, Mary, Mutemi, Mary, LePage, Claire, Kegode, Hilda,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/3TMNON"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/3TMNON", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/3TMNON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/3TMNON"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10044/1/99543", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-05", "title": "Opportunities for Low Indirect Land Use Biomass for Biofuels in Europe", "description": "

Sustainable biofuels are an important tool for the decarbonisation of transport. This is especially true in aviation, maritime, and heavy-duty sectors with limited short-term alternatives. Their use by conventional transport fleets requires few changes to the existing infrastructure and engines, and thus their integration can be smooth and relatively rapid. Provision of feedstock should comply with sustainability principles for (i) producing additional biomass without distorting food and feed markets and (ii) addressing challenges for ecosystem services, including biodiversity, and soil quality. This paper performs a meta-analysis of current research for low indirect land use change (ILUC) risk biomass crops for sustainable biofuels that benefited either from improved agricultural practices or from cultivation in unused, abandoned, or severely degraded land. Two categories of biomass crops are considered here: oil and lignocellulosic. The findings confirm that there are significant opportunities to cultivate these crops in European agro-ecological zones with sustainable agronomic practices both in farming land and in land with natural constraints (unused, abandoned, and degraded land). These could produce additional low environmental impact feedstocks for biofuels and deliver economic benefits to farmers.

", "keywords": ["advanced biofuels", "Technology", "Chemistry", " Multidisciplinary", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "630", "CROP-ROTATION", "CARBON", "Engineering", "11. Sustainability", "land use change; low ILUC; oil crops; lignocellulosic crops; advanced biofuels; sustainability; marginal land; degraded land", "ALTERNATIVE FUELS", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "marginal land", "T", "Physics", "sustainability", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Chemistry", "Applied", "Physical Sciences", "TA1-2040", "low ILUC", "land use change", "330", "QH301-705.5", "QC1-999", "Materials Science", "Engineering", " Multidisciplinary", "Materials Science", " Multidisciplinary", "Physics", " Applied", "12. Responsible consumption", "CYCLE", "QD1-999", "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Science & Technology", "advanced biofuels; degraded land; land use change; lignocellulosic crops; low ILUC; marginal land; oil crops; sustainability", "15. Life on land", "AGROFORESTRY", "SOIL", "NITROGEN", "lignocellulosic crops", "YIELD", "oil crops", "13. Climate action", "CRAMBE-ABYSSINICA", "degraded land"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2995521/1/applsci-12-04623-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10044/1/99543"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10044/1/99543", "name": "item", "description": "10044/1/99543", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10044/1/99543"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/349362", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-25", "title": "Subsoiling for planting trees in dehesa system: long-term effects on soil organic carbon", "description": "Abstract

Incorporating trees into agricultural systems, including grasslands, increases the soil organic carbon sequestration and contributes to climate change mitigation. Site preparation for tree establishment is a common practice that can involve a variety of techniques and agricultural implements such as subsoiling. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of subsoiling on soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations and stocks in a Mediterranean grassland afforested with holm oaks 22\uffc2\uffa0years ago and now converted into a Dehesa agroforestry system. The study was conducted in a dehesa farm in Southwest Spain. Soil samples were taken at six depths under 10 tree canopies within and outside the original subsoiling line. Subsoiling significantly decreased SOC concentration. Mean SOC concentration in the first 20\uffc2\uffa0cm was 30% lower at the subsoiling line. SOC stocks for the first 60\uffc2\uffa0cm were 2660\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 within the subsoiling line and 4320\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 outside the line. There was a clear reduction in SOC concentration and stock with increasing depth. Root abundance and deeper rooting increased with subsoiling but did not translate into sufficient carbon accumulation in the soil, which is moderate even after 22\uffc2\uffa0years. This study reveals that, in the long term, there is a trade-off in CO2 sequestration between tree planting and soil subsoiling, highlighting the need for further research into the potential benefits and detriments of subsoiling.1100 m a.s.l. from the Babia G\u00f3ra National Park in southern Poland. Sampling points were taken up to a maximum depth of 100 cm. The results in this study revealed that the SOC reserves in the mountain soils of the Babi G\u00f3ra National Park are characterized by their great variability (from 50.10 t ha\u22121 to 905.20 t ha\u22121). In the conditions of this study, the type of soil is the dominant factor determining soil organic carbon stock, which coupled with topographic factors influence soil and vegetation conditions. This explains such diversity in the accumulation of soil organic carbon in different mountain soils in the areas. The largest carbon stock was recorded in histosols (>550 t C ha\u22121), which are located in the lower part of the national park. The third block of the research focused on two field studies in one of the most important agroforestry systems across the Mediterranean, dehesa. The first study (Chapter 4) is located in a dehesa in Hinojosa del Duque in C\u00f3rdoba, Spain: Dehesa is an agro-silvo-pastoral system which combines open land and low density trees (holm oaks). In this first study we investigated two adjacent dehesas on the same soil type but different characteristics. One was a pastureland with young holm oaks (planted in 1995 with a density of 70 trees ha\u22121 at 12 m x 12 m spacing. The area had been grazed by Merino sheep since 2000, at a grazing rate of 3 sheep per hectare. The second, adjacent area is a cultivated pasture with mature oaks with a minimum age of 90-100 years widely spaced (1.2 trees ha\u22121). Every three years, a mixture of peas and oats is grown for hay. Tillage is used for the preparation of this seeding except in the immediate vicinity (about 0.3-0.4 m) of the tree trunk. The first dehesa at higher tree density was part of this second dehesa, and so both had the same characteristics until year 1995. Both dehesas were sampled simultaneously in 2017. Sampling points were taken under and outside the canopy projection up to a maximum depth of 100 cm divided into 8 sections (0-2 cm, 2-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm, and 80- 100 cm). The results showed that a change in dehesa type from an old low density dehesa combining pasture with seeding every 3 years to a one only pastured with increased tree growth (70 trees ha), showed no significant differences in carbon concentration after 22 years\u2019 sicen implanting the more dense dehesa. A clear stratification of carbon was observed in the soil profile, particularly in the top 10 cm of the soil, as well as an effect of the adult tree which resulted in a higher concentration under the tree canopy in the middle soil depth section (20-40 cm) in the mature dehesa. Significant difference in carbon stock was only observed in the top 0-2 cm (5.86\u00b10.56 t ha1 vs 3.24\u00b10.37 t ha1, been higher in the newly planted dehesa. To our knowledge this is the first study evaluating in dehesa the distribution of soil organic carbon into this four (unprotected and physically, chemically and biochemically protected) fractions. Our results showed how most of the carbon in the two dehesas was stored in the unprotected fraction, been its relative contribution higher in the top 0-2 cm o the pastured dehesa and in the below canopy area of the mature trees in the cropped dehesa. This indicates that much of the fraction contained in these soils is particularly vulnerable to hypothetical changes to less sustainable managements. The second study in dehesa (Chapter 5) was located in the municipality of Pozoblanco in the north of the province of Cordoba. In this area three areas of continuous extensive grazing for more than 50 years with cattle, sheep, and pigs were identified, and three areas with different intensity were studied. These areas were: I) Intensive grazing management. II) moderate grazing management and III) no grazing (area excluded for more than 20 years). Sampling points were taken at each of the three areas up to a maximum depth of 30 cm divided into 5 sections (0-2 cm, 2-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm). Concentrations at different grazing intensities showed, as expected, higher carbon concentrations at the surface soil layer (0-2 cm) average of 1.59\u00b10.44%, decreasing to 0.48\u00b10.15% in the deeper section of the soil profile at 20-30 cm. Contradicting our initial hypothesis, no differences in soil organic carbon concentration were detected among the three areas with different grazing intensities, The total carbon stock was analyzed in the whole soil profile (0-30 cm), indicating non significant differences among the two grazed areas, average value of 27 t ha\u22121, or the area without grazing 26 t ha\u22121. As in the previous dehesa, the dominant fraction was the unprotected carbon. However, in this case the relative differences in the soil organic carbon concentration between the unprotected fraction and the physically and the chemically protected fractions was larger than in the first dehesa, particularly because the protected fractions tended to show a higher concentration than in the dehesa studied in Chapter 4. Using the empirical results from the study of the second dehesa, we developed a spectral library and predictive equations of concentration of soil organic carbon using Vis-NIR (Chapter 6) from this dataset. The accuracy of the SOC predictive models was very good, with R2 higher than 0.95 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) higher than 4.54, respectively. Refinement of VIS-NIR techniques, such as the one discussed in Chapter 6, could increase our ability to provide more affordable and robust technologies to measure large numbers of samples with the required accuracy, although it is less clear how to address other important sources of variability, such as soil depth, soil type, bulk density, and rock content. To reduce this uncertainty will be of great relevance to continue performing detailed experiments to better quantify on the effect of land use and cropping systems on soil organic carbon content, such as those described in chapters 3, 5 and 5. To date, these experiments are irreplaceable to test specific hypothesis relevant at local level (like the time to increase soil organic carbon stock after planting at higher density, Chapter 4), but also to create a corpus of available data which could improve, or lead to new ones, conceptual or numerical simulation models that can systematize our understanding of the soil organic carbon cycle and eventually reduce the need for large-scale sampling to verify the evolution of soil organic carbon in agricultural systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon", "11. Sustainability", "Agricultural systems", "15. Life on land", "Agroforestry", "Land-use", "Organic carbon", "Forest systems", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Reyna-Bowen, Lizardo", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10396/21088"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10396/21088", "name": "item", "description": "10396/21088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10396/21088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10396/27039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:24:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-18", "title": "The influence of tree and soil management on soil organic carbon stock and pools in dehesa systems", "description": "This study evaluated the effect on SOC concentration, stock and fractions in a dehesa divided into two areas of similar soil type but different soil management. The first area was a pastured dehesa (P) with young Holm oaks, planted in 1995 (70 trees ha\u22121, 12 m \u00d7 12 m) and, since 2000, grazed by sheep (3 sheep ha\u22121) with an average period of grazing of six months a year. Prior to this it was managed in the same way as the second adjacent area. The second area was a cropped dehesa (C) with widely spaced mature Holm oak (14 trees in a 12-ha dehesa), on which a mixture of vetch and oats was cultivated every three years and tilled with a chisel plough. After 22 years both dehesas showed similar SOC stock distribution amongst areas with different soil management, with approximately 40 t ha\u22121 in the top 100 cm of the soil. The P dehesa only showed higher SOC stock than the C dehesa on the surface 0\u20132 cm (5.86 \u00b1 0.56 t ha-1vs 3.24 \u00b1 0.37 t ha\u22121). The influence of the trees, increasing SOC concentration and content when compared to the area outside the canopy projection, was only detected under the mature trees in the C dehesa. In the area outside the tree canopy, both systems showed a similar distribution of soil organic carbon among their different fractions, with the unprotected fraction being the dominant one, followed by the physically and chemically protected fractions. In the C dehesa, the mature trees\u2019 presence significantly modified the distribution of soil organic carbon in their surroundings, increasing the relevance of the unprotected fraction. The distribution of soil organic carbon in the unprotected and physically and chemically protected fractions were strongly correlated to the overall organic carbon concentration in the soil, indicating the rapid response of these three fractions to management, with the biochemically protected fraction showing no correlation, suggesting a high resilience to the changes in carbon budget. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Grazing", "Shift from cultivation to grazing", "Crop rotation", "Tree plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic carbon fractions", "Agroforestry", "Organic carbon", "Holm oak"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10396/27039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10396/27039", "name": "item", "description": "10396/27039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10396/27039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11ed4c8c-24a5-41ec-9805-b742e2c39ef1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2025-12-05", "type": "Service", "created": "2024-07-22", "language": "eng", "title": "Web Map Service of the dataset 'Cropland agroforestry 2023'", "description": "This Web Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'Cropland agroforestry 2023'", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Soil", "agroforestry systems", "Crop yield", "Quality", "Wood", "Forests", "land use", "energy resources", "agroforestry", "yield", "crop production", "wood", "crop production", "Germany", "Lower Saxony", "Braunschweig", "Dibbesdorf"], "contacts": [{"name": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "organization": "ZALF", "position": "Computation and Data Service Platform - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Maren Langhof", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "maren.langhof@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Carsten Reuse", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "carsten.reuse@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "J\u00f6rg Michael Greef", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "joerg-michael.greef@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "infoMapAccessService"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "Crop yield"}, {"id": "Quality"}, {"id": "Wood"}, {"id": "Forests"}, {"id": "land use"}, {"id": "energy resources"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "yield"}, {"id": "crop production"}, {"id": "wood"}, {"id": "crop production"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Germany"}, {"id": "Lower Saxony"}, {"id": "Braunschweig"}, {"id": "Dibbesdorf"}], "scheme": "individual"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=18ae78f2-851f-4969-8d12-ba016454d4d3", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/ID_7077/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11ed4c8c-24a5-41ec-9805-b742e2c39ef1", "name": "item", "description": "11ed4c8c-24a5-41ec-9805-b742e2c39ef1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11ed4c8c-24a5-41ec-9805-b742e2c39ef1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-12-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "121894a5-d63a-49cd-9fa0-86ba550360bf", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.55, 52.09], [8.55, 53.36], [10.27, 53.36], [10.27, 52.09], [8.55, 52.09]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. (e.g. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL's research activities.\u201d Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, BonaRes Module A-Project- SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does BonaRes Module A-Project and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or dam-age arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project-SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner/author.)", "updated": "2021-03-16", "type": "Service", "created": "2017-10-19", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset \"Grassland yield and quality, leaf litter input, and wood yield in a short rotation coppice agroforestry systemin Lower Saxony, Germany, in 2015, 2016, and 2017\"", "description": "This WMS Service includes the spatial information extracted from the dataset \"Grassland yield and quality, leaf litter input, and wood yield in a short rotation coppice agroforestry systemin Lower Saxony, Germany, in 2015, 2016, and 2017\"", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Yields", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "leaves", "agroforestry", "Quality", "grasslands", "Alley cropping", "agroforestry systems", "silvicultural systems", "Crop yield"], "contacts": [{"name": "Maren Langhof", "organization": "Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "maren.langhof@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Bundesallee 58"], "city": "Braunschweig", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "38116", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "J\u00f6rg-Michael Greef", "organization": "Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "joerg-michael.greef@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Bundesallee 58"], "city": "Braunschweig", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "38116", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Anita Swieter", "organization": "Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "anita.swieter@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Bundesalle 58"], "city": "Braunschweig", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "38116", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI)", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "infoMapAccessService"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Yields"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "leaves"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "Quality"}, {"id": "grasslands"}, {"id": "Alley cropping"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "silvicultural systems"}, {"id": "Crop yield"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&doi=1c276ada-742c-4390-9a07-8d278d0afdeb", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/SIGNAL_ID_7008_GRAS_LAUB_HOLZ_MS/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/SIGNAL_ID_7008_GRAS_LAUB_HOLZ_MS/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/SIGNAL_ID_7008_GRAS_LAUB_HOLZ_MS/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/SIGNAL_ID_7008_GRAS_LAUB_HOLZ_MS/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "121894a5-d63a-49cd-9fa0-86ba550360bf", "name": "item", "description": "121894a5-d63a-49cd-9fa0-86ba550360bf", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/121894a5-d63a-49cd-9fa0-86ba550360bf"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:76472", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:25:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-16", "title": "Urban greenspaces and nearby natural areas support similar levels of soil ecosystem services", "description": "Abstract

Greenspaces are important for sustaining healthy urban environments and their human populations. Yet their capacity to support multiple ecosystem services simultaneously (multiservices) compared with nearby natural ecosystems remains virtually unknown. We conducted a global field survey in 56 urban areas to investigate the influence of urban greenspaces on 23 soil and plant attributes and compared them with nearby natural environments. We show that, in general, urban greenspaces and nearby natural areas support similar levels of soil multiservices, with only six of 23 attributes (available phosphorus, water holding capacity, water respiration, plant cover, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and arachnid richness) significantly greater in greenspaces, and one (available ammonium) greater in natural areas. Further analyses showed that, although natural areas and urban greenspaces delivered a similar number of services at low (>25% threshold) and moderate (>50%) levels of functioning, natural systems supported significantly more functions at high (>75%) levels of functioning. Management practices (mowing) played an important role in explaining urban ecosystem services, but there were no effects of fertilisation or irrigation. Some services declined with increasing site size, for both greenspaces and natural areas. Our work highlights the fact that urban greenspaces are more similar to natural environments than previously reported and underscores the importance of managing urban greenspaces not only for their social and recreational values, but for supporting multiple ecosystem services on which soils and human well-being depends.This study evaluates the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) under perennial crops across the globe. It quantifies the effect of change from annual to perennial crops and the subsequent temporal changes in SOC stocks during the perennial crop cycle. It also presents an empirical model to estimate changes in the SOC content under crops as a function of time, land use, and site characteristics. We used a harmonized global dataset containing paired\uffe2\uff80\uff90comparison empirical values of SOC and different types of perennial crops (perennial grasses, palms, and woody plants) with different end uses: bioenergy, food, other bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90products, and short rotation coppice. Salient outcomes include: a 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period encompassing a change from annual to perennial crops led to an average 20% increase in SOC at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm (6.0\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa04.6\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha gain) and a total 10% increase over the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm soil profile (5.7\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa010.9\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha). A change from natural pasture to perennial crop decreased SOC stocks by 1% over 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm (\uffe2\uff88\uff922.5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa04.2\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha) and 10% over 0\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm (\uffe2\uff88\uff9213.6\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa08.9\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha). The effect of a land use change from forest to perennial crops did not show significant impacts, probably due to the limited number of plots; but the data indicated that while a 2% increase in SOC was observed at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm (16.81\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa055.1\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha), a decrease in 24% was observed at 30\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm (\uffe2\uff88\uff9240.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa016.8\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha). Perennial crops generally accumulate SOC through time, especially woody crops; and temperature was the main driver explaining differences in SOC dynamics, followed by crop age, soil bulk density, clay content, and depth. We present empirical evidence showing that the FAO perennialization strategy is reasonable, underscoring the role of perennial crops as a useful component of climate change mitigation strategies.

Cultivated Land Balance Policy (CLBP) has led to the \u201cbetter land occupied and worse land supplemented\u201d program. At the same time, the current field-scale cultivated land quality (CLQ) evaluation cannot meet the work requirements of the CLBP. To this end, this study selected 24 newly added farmland in Fuping County and performed eight different high quality farming layer construction experiments to improve the CLQ. A new comprehensive model was constructed on a field scale to evaluate the CLQ using different tests from multi-dimensional perspectives of soil fertility, engineering, environment, and ecology, and to determine the best test mode. The results showed that after the test, around 62% of the cultivated land improved by one level, and the average cultivated land quality level and quality index of the test area increased by 0.63 and 30.63, respectively. The treatment of \u201cwoody peat + rotten crop straw + biostimulation regulator II + conventional fertilization\u201d had the best effect on the improvement of organic matter, soil aggregates, and soil microbial activity, and was the best treatment method. In general, application of soil amendments, such as woody peat when constructing high quality farmland, could quickly improve CLQ, and field-scale CLQ evaluation model constructed from a multi-dimensional perspective could accurately assess the true quality of farmland and allow managers to improve and manage arable land resources under CLBP.

", "keywords": ["Scale (ratio)", "cultivated land quality evaluation", "Agricultural engineering", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Soil Evaluation", "Agricultural land", "Soil water", "Arable land", "cultivated land quality evaluation; field scale; high-quality farming layer; woody peat", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "S", "high-quality farming layer", "Life Sciences", "Land Suitability", "Land-Use Suitability Assessment Using GIS", "Land reclamation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "woody peat", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Agricultural Land Use", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Physical Sciences", "Quality (philosophy)", "field scale", "Cartography", "Soil Science", "Epistemology", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "Crop Suitability", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Soil science", "Peat", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Philosophy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2403/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3217045336"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3217045336", "name": "item", "description": "3217045336", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3217045336"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2bf65e24-66c2-46ff-b315-997e1682c087", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.73, 50.81], [10.73, 51.17], [11.2, 51.17], [11.2, 50.81], [10.73, 50.81]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "net primary productivity"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Agroforstwirtschaft"}, {"id": "Produktivit\u00e4t"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. BonaRes SIGNAL, Site: Dornburg, biomass production were created as part of the BonaRes SIGNAL activities.\u201d\nAlthough every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, BonaRes SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does BonaRes BonaRes SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner/author.", "updated": "2019-02-13", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2017-09-19", "language": "eng", "title": "BonaRes SIGNAL, Site: Dornburg, biomass production", "description": "This data was collected in cropland agroforestry (=alley cropping of poplar clone max 1 with summber barley) at Dornburg/Germany during 2016. Data was taken at 4 replicates each in the tree strip component of agroforestry (=T), the cropland of component of agroforestry at differnt distances from the tree stip (=1m, 4m, 7m) and at the conventional cropland (=Conv). Components of agroforestry were also weighted accoring to their field size representation (AF_weight, assigning AF, 1m, 4m and 7m with the weight of 6/15, 3/15, 3/15 and 3/15 respectively). We measured productivity as dry mass of harvested (plot combine) corn and straw as well as aboveground biomass production of trees (calculated with allometric equations of the form dry mass = a x dbh^b and adjusted to a subsample of 25 harvested trees within the observed dbh range) plus leaf litter in the tree strip (taken from litter one litter trap per replicate). This dataset is used in file 2e640f11-3faf-478c-9fd5-3bb76ccce664.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["net primary productivity", "agroforestry", "Agroforstwirtschaft", "Produktivit\u00e4t", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Carolin Rudolf", "organization": "TLL Th\u00fcringen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "carolin.rudof@tll.th\u00fcringen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Andrea Biert\u00fcmpfel", "organization": "TLL Th\u00fcringen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andrea.biertuempfel@tll.thueringen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Edzo Veldkamp", "organization": "University of G\u00f6ttingen, PTS", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "TLL Th\u00fcringen", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&doi=2bf65e24-66c2-46ff-b315-997e1682c087", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2bf65e24-66c2-46ff-b315-997e1682c087", "name": "item", "description": "2bf65e24-66c2-46ff-b315-997e1682c087", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2bf65e24-66c2-46ff-b315-997e1682c087"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3008362674", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:26:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-18", "title": "The influence of tree and soil management on soil organic carbon stock and pools in dehesa systems", "description": "Open AccessThis work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Grazing", "Shift from cultivation to grazing", "Crop rotation", "Tree plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic carbon fractions", "Agroforestry", "Organic carbon", "Holm oak"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lizardo Reyna-Bowen, Lizardo Reyna-Bowen, Jes\u00fas Fern\u00e1ndez-Habas, Pilar Fern\u00e1ndez-Rebollo, Jos\u00e9 A. G\u00f3mez,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3008362674"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3008362674", "name": "item", "description": "3008362674", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3008362674"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3418ee89-8331-49a9-b3d2-e14b8fde88be", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[6.06, 49.4], [6.06, 54.83], [13.73, 54.83], [13.73, 49.4], [6.06, 49.4]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. To cite the complete datacollection: Schmidt et al. (2019). BonaRes SIGNAL, sites, measuring points, (Version 1.0). Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-4984-ZWYR To cite the individual table: Schmidt et al. (2019). BonaRes SIGNAL, sites, measuring points, (Version 1.0). Table: BonaRes-SIGNAL: Research site shapes. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-4984-ZWYR", "updated": "2021-08-12", "type": "Service", "created": "2018-12-10", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset 'BonaRes-SIGNAL: Research site shapes'", "description": "This WMS Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'WMS Service of the dataset 'BonaRes-SIGNAL: Research site shapes''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Soil", "trees", "ecosystem services", "agroforestry systems", "farming systems", "production systems"], "contacts": [{"name": "Marcus Schmidt", "organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mschmidh@gwdg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Edzo Veldkamp", "organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "eveldka@gwdg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "infoMapAccessService"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "trees"}, {"id": "ecosystem services"}, {"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "farming systems"}, {"id": "production systems"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=3418ee89-8331-49a9-b3d2-e14b8fde88be", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/ID_7034_SIGNAL_SITE_SHAPES/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/ID_7034_SIGNAL_SITE_SHAPES/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/ID_7034_SIGNAL_SITE_SHAPES/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Signal/ID_7034_SIGNAL_SITE_SHAPES/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3418ee89-8331-49a9-b3d2-e14b8fde88be", "name": "item", "description": "3418ee89-8331-49a9-b3d2-e14b8fde88be", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3418ee89-8331-49a9-b3d2-e14b8fde88be"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "52740521-a702-44ac-a5c5-b24a54ede7f6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.28, 51.05], [8.28, 52.72], [14.63, 52.72], [14.63, 51.05], [8.28, 51.05]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "postharvest control"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "natural enemies"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-09-10", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-07-02", "language": "eng", "title": "Spatial and temporal aphid predation data for four temperate alley-cropping agroforestry sites from 2023", "description": "This dataset is provided by the SIGNAL subproject \u201cMacrofauna diversity and pest control in temperate agroforestry systems\u201d and contains aphid predation data from aphid cards of four cropland alley-cropping sites in Northern Germany. Each site comprised of an alley-cropping agroforestry system (AF) and an adjacent open cropland system (OC) serving as a reference land-use system without trees. At each agroforestry system, three subplots were established and arranged along linear transects orthogonal to the orientation of the tree row, spanning from the edge of the tree row to the center of the crop row. Each subplot in the agroforestry systems contained a transect with sampling points at 1, 7, and 24 m (center of the crop row) distance from the tree row edge into the crop row. Open cropland systems had three subplots (sampling point) with a minimum distance of 25 m between each other and at least 30 m to the field margins. At each sampling point two aphid cards were laid out. In total, 24 aphid cards (18 agroforestry, 6 open cropland) were set up at each site. Aphid cards were manufactured using conventional sand paper (grain-size 400) folded up like a gable. On one of the rough interior sides six glue dots (UHU, Max Repair; Universal) were placed with a distance of 1 cm to each other. After placing adult black bean aphids (Aphis fabae) alive on the glue dots, aphid cards were immediately frozen at -20\u00b0C. Aphids, which were lost before exposure were counted and excluded from evaluation. Aphid cards were exposed for 48h in May and five weeks later (35 days) in June. After exposure, aphid cards were evaluated under the microscope regarding the type of damage they received (abducted, chewing marks).\n\nResearch domain: Ecology of Agricultural Landscapes\n\nResearch question: None", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "agroforestry", "postharvest control", "opendata", "natural enemies", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Sagolla, Viktoria", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Viktoria.sagolla@uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3786-8868", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Schuldt, Andreas", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andreas.schuldt@forst.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Beule, Lukas", "organization": "Organisation: Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lukas.beule@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Schuldt, Andreas", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andreas.schuldt@forst.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Organisation: Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI);Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=52740521-a702-44ac-a5c5-b24a54ede7f6", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/SIGNAL_Trappingdesign_2023.JPG", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "52740521-a702-44ac-a5c5-b24a54ede7f6", "name": "item", "description": "52740521-a702-44ac-a5c5-b24a54ede7f6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/52740521-a702-44ac-a5c5-b24a54ede7f6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "5a8b3308-8378-4e3a-9050-34cf1bd24b1e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.28, 51.05], [8.28, 52.72], [14.63, 52.72], [14.63, 51.05], [8.28, 51.05]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "postharvest control"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "natural enemies"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-09-17", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-07-02", "language": "eng", "title": "Spatial and temporal seed predation data for four temperate alley-cropping agroforestry sites from 2023", "description": "This dataset is provided by the SIGNAL subproject \u201cMacrofauna diversity and pest control in temperate agroforestry systems\u201d and contains seed predation data from seed cards of four cropland alley-cropping sites in Northern Germany. Each site comprised of an alley-cropping agroforestry system (AF) and an adjacent open cropland system (OC) serving as a reference land-use system without trees. At each agroforestry system, three subplots were established and arranged along linear transects orthogonal to the orientation of the tree row, spanning from the edge of the tree row to the center of the crop row. Each subplot in the agroforestry systems contained a transect with sampling points at 1, 7, and 24 m (center of the crop row) distance from the tree row edge into the crop row. Open cropland systems had three subplots (sampling point) with a minimum distance of 25 m between each other and at least 30 m to the field margins. At each sampling point two different seed cards were laid out. One card with weed seeds (Avena fatua) and another one with crop seeds (Hordeum vulgare). In total, 12 seed cards (9 agroforestry, 3 open cropland) of each type were set up at each site. Seed cards were manufactured using conventional sand paper (grain-size 400), labeled on the smooth side. The rough side was covered with repositionable spray adhesive (3M spray mount, art. no. 6065) and 10 seeds of the respective species were positioned in the middle of the cards. The glue was left to dry and covered with sand to avoid arthropods getting stuck on remaining glue. Seeds, which were lost before exposure were counted and excluded from evaluation. Seed cards were exposed for 48h in May and five weeks later (35 days) in June. After exposure, seed cards were evaluated on site by counting remaining seeds.\n\nResearch domain: Ecology of Agricultural Landscapes\n\nResearch question: None", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "agroforestry", "postharvest control", "opendata", "Boden", "natural enemies"], "contacts": [{"name": "Sagolla, Viktoria", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Viktoria.sagolla@uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0009-0006-3786-8868", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Schuldt, Andreas", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andreas.schuldt@forst.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Beule, Lukas", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lukas.beule@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Schuldt, Andreas", "organization": "Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andreas.schuldt@forst.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI);Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=5a8b3308-8378-4e3a-9050-34cf1bd24b1e", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/Seed_cards_2023.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "5a8b3308-8378-4e3a-9050-34cf1bd24b1e", "name": "item", "description": "5a8b3308-8378-4e3a-9050-34cf1bd24b1e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/5a8b3308-8378-4e3a-9050-34cf1bd24b1e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-09-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "684716c6-8083-4c17-97ff-860e521ecb02", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[6.06, 49.4], [6.06, 54.83], [13.73, 54.83], [13.73, 49.4], [6.06, 49.4]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "trees"}, {"id": "ecosystem services"}, {"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "farming systems"}, {"id": "production systems"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. To cite the complete datacollection: Schmidt et al. (2019). BonaRes SIGNAL, sites, measuring points, (Version 1.0). Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-4984-ZWYR To cite the individual table: Schmidt et al. (2019). BonaRes SIGNAL, sites, measuring points, (Version 1.0). Table: BonaRes-SIGNAL: Research site shapes. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-4984-ZWYR", "updated": "2021-08-12", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-12-10", "language": "eng", "title": "BonaRes-SIGNAL: Research site shapes", "description": "Child table of BonaRes SIGNAL, sites, measuring points.\nThese data contain the shape files of the research sites used in the BonaRes-SIGNAL project.\n\nResearch domain: The area of research is soil ecology, innovative agriculture and sustainable land use.\n\nResearch question: The aim of SIGNAL is to evaluate whether and under which site conditions agroforestry is a more sustainable alternative to conventional monocropping.\n\nMore Information can be found in the parent dataset: https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-4984-ZWYR", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "trees", "ecosystem services", "agroforestry systems", "farming systems", "production systems", "opendata", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Marcus Schmidt", "organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mschmidh@gwdg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Edzo Veldkamp", "organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "eveldka@gwdg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=684716c6-8083-4c17-97ff-860e521ecb02", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/98a99b69-eec4-4208-9a33-b71b2b1cc81f", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "684716c6-8083-4c17-97ff-860e521ecb02", "name": "item", "description": "684716c6-8083-4c17-97ff-860e521ecb02", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/684716c6-8083-4c17-97ff-860e521ecb02"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "7b63e5cc-2a6d-4bca-b420-6a838da41d94", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3], [10.6, 52.3]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "crop yield"}, {"id": "quality"}, {"id": "wood"}, {"id": "land use"}, {"id": "energy resources"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "yields"}, {"id": "crop production"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "leaf"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-07-10", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-07", "language": "eng", "title": "Cropland agroforestry 2021", "description": "Data were collected at a short rotation coppice agroforestry site established at Wendhausen (Lower Saxony, Germany) in 2008. At this site, 10 m wide poplar strips (\"Max 1\" (P. nigra L. x P. maximowiczii Henry)) are alternating with 48 m wide crop alleys. Yield and selected quality parameters of annual crop plants were assessed. The total amount of litter per square meter was assessed during the whole period of litterfall. The biomass yield of the poplar short-rotation coppice was estimated.\n\nLanghof, M; Schmiedgen, A. (2023). 13 years of biomass production from three poplar clones in a temperate short-rotation alley cropping agroforestry system. Biomass and Bioenergy. 175: 106853. Accepted", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "agroforestry systems", "crop yield", "quality", "wood", "land use", "energy resources", "agroforestry", "yields", "crop production", "opendata", "leaf", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Maren Langhof", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "maren.langhof@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "J\u00f6rg Michael Greef", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "joerg-michael.greef@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Andrea Schmiedgen", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "andrea.schmiedgen@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Anita Swieter", "organization": "-", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "A.Swieter@lk-wf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "-;Julius K\u00fchn-Institut", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=7b63e5cc-2a6d-4bca-b420-6a838da41d94", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "7b63e5cc-2a6d-4bca-b420-6a838da41d94", "name": "item", "description": "7b63e5cc-2a6d-4bca-b420-6a838da41d94", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/7b63e5cc-2a6d-4bca-b420-6a838da41d94"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-10T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Agroforestry&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Agroforestry&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Agroforestry&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Agroforestry&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 151, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-03T08:35:31.851908Z"}