Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees, which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.
Making agriculture sustainable is a global challenge. In the European Union (EU), the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is failing with respect to biodiversity, climate, soil, land degradation as well as socio\uffe2\uff80\uff90economic challenges.
The European Commission's proposal for a CAP post\uffe2\uff80\uff902020 provides a scope for enhanced sustainability. However, it also allows Member States to choose low\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambition implementation pathways. It therefore remains essential to address citizens' demands for sustainable agriculture and rectify systemic weaknesses in the CAP, using the full breadth of available scientific evidence and knowledge.
Concerned about current attempts to dilute the environmental ambition of the future CAP, and the lack of concrete proposals for improving the CAP in the draft of the European Green Deal, we call on the European Parliament, Council and Commission to adopt 10 urgent action points for delivering sustainable food production, biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation.
Knowledge is available to help moving towards evidence\uffe2\uff80\uff90based, sustainable European agriculture that can benefit people, nature and their joint futures.
The statements made in this article have the broad support of the scientific community, as expressed by above 3,600 signatories to the preprint version of this manuscript. The list can be found here (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3685632).
A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
", "keywords": ["330", "333.7 Landfl\u00e4chen", " Naturr\u00e4ume f\u00fcr Freizeit und Erholung", " Naturreservate", " Energie", "public goods", "ddc:320", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "SMART targets", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Article", "12. Responsible consumption", "GF1-900", "11. Sustainability", "evidence-based policy", "ddc:630", "European Green Deal", "QH540-549.5", "agriculture", "biodiversity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "ddc:333", "1. No poverty", "15. Life on land", "320", "Agronomy", "Environmental sciences", "climate change", "Human ecology. Anthropogeography", "13. Climate action", "evidence\u2010based policy", "Common Agricultural Policy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/People%20and%20Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/pan3.10080", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/pan3.10080", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/pan3.10080"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ppj2.20021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-01", "title": "Three-channel electrical impedance spectroscopy for field-scale root phenotyping", "description": "AbstractElectrical impedance spectroscopy has long been considered a promising technique for noninvasive, in\uffe2\uff80\uff90situ root investigation because of its sensitivity to anatomy and physiology. However, the complexity of the root system and its coupling with stem and soil have hindered the signal interpretation and methodological upscaling to field applications. This study addresses these key issues by introducing three\uffe2\uff80\uff90channel acquisitions and their interpretation through Cole\uffe2\uff80\uff93Cole fitting. This solution could successfully decouple the impedance response of stem, roots, and soil, as well as provide convenient parametrization and comparison of their impedance signals. The methodological solution was tested on 80 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 10 pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] plants, the first extensive and field investigation. The investigation provided evidence of (a) proximal current leakage in herbaceous root systems, extending recent laboratory results and previous indirect field studies. (b) Major role of the plant stem, which has been a substantial concern raised in numerous studies. (c) Minor contribution from the soil, addressing the doubts on the comparability of results obtained in different soil conditions. All together, these evidences lead to indirect correlations between impedance signals and root traits. The explored solution is expected to support the adoption of the impedance spectroscopy, in line with the diffusion of multichannel impedance meters and growing interest in root physiology and\uffc2\uffa0phenotyping.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant culture", "Plant Science", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "SB1-1110"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppj2.20021"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ppj2.20021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Plant%20Phenome%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ppj2.20021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ppj2.20021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ppj2.20021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007%2fs00374-010-0497-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-03", "title": "Crop Residues And Fertilizer Nitrogen Influence Residue Decomposition And Nitrous Oxide Emission From A Vertisol", "description": "Crop residues with high C/N ratio immobilize N released during decomposition in soil, thus reducing N losses through leaching, denitrification, and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted for 84\u00a0days under controlled conditions (24\u00b0C and moisture content 55% of water-holding capacity) to study the influence of sugarcane, maize, sorghum, cotton and lucerne residues, and mineral N addition, on N mineralization\u2013immobilization and N2O emission. Residues were added at the rate of 3\u00a0t C ha\u22121 to soil with, and without, 150\u00a0kg urea N\u00a0ha\u22121. The addition of sugarcane, maize, and sorghum residues without N fertilizer resulted in a significant immobilization of soil N. Amended soil had significantly (P\u2009<\u20090.05) lower NO 3 \u2212 \u2013N, which reached minimum values of 2.8\u00a0mg\u00a0N kg\u22121 for sugarcane (at day\u00a028), 10.3\u00a0mg\u00a0N kg\u22121 for maize (day\u00a07), and 5.9\u00a0mg\u00a0N kg\u22121 for sorghum (day\u00a07), compared to 22.7\u00a0mg\u00a0N kg\u22121 for the unamended soil (day\u00a07). During 84\u00a0days of incubation, the total mineral N in the residues\u2009+\u2009N treatments were decreased by 45\u00a0mg\u00a0N kg\u22121 in sugarcane, 34\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 in maize, 29\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 in sorghum, and 16\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 in cotton amended soil compared to soil\u2009+\u2009N fertilizer, although soil NO 3 \u2212 \u2013N increased by 7\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 in lucerne amended soil. The addition of residues also significantly increased amended soil microbial biomass C and N. Maximum emissions of N2O from crop residue amended soils occurred in the first 4\u20135\u00a0days of incubation. Overall, after 84\u00a0days of incubation, the cumulative N2O emission was 25% lower with cotton\u2009+\u2009N fertilizer, compared to soil\u2009+\u2009N fertilizer. The cumulative N2O emission was significantly and positively correlated with NO 3 \u2212 \u2013N (r\u2009=\u20090.92, P\u2009<\u20090.01) and total mineral N (r\u2009=\u20090.93, P\u2009<\u20090.01) after 84\u00a0days of incubation, and had a weak but significant positive correlation with cumulative CO2 in the first 3 and 5\u00a0days of incubation (r\u2009=\u20090.59, P\u2009<\u20090.05).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop residues", "Nitrous oxide", "571", "2404 Microbiology", "Vertisol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "Mineral N", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "1111 Soil Science", "Fertilizer N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Muhammad, W, Vaughan, SM, Dalal, RC, Menzies, NW,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007%2fs00374-010-0497-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007%2fs00374-010-0497-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007%2fs00374-010-0497-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007%2fs00374-010-0497-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-25", "title": "Alternation of wet and dry sides during partial rootzone drying irrigation enhances leaf ethylene evolution", "description": "Soil drying increases endogenous ABA and ACC concentrations in planta, but how these compounds interact to regulate stomatal responses to soil drying and re-watering is still unclear. To determine the temporal dynamics and physiological significance of root, xylem and leaf ABA and ACC concentrations in response to deficit irrigation (DI) or partial rootzone drying (PRD-F) and re-watering, these variables were measured in plants exposed to similar whole pot soil water contents. Both DI and PRD-F plants received only a fraction of the irrigation supplied to well-watered (WW) plants, either to all (DI) or part (PRD-F) of the rootzone of plants grown in split-pots. Both DI and PRD-F induced partial stomatal closure, increased root ABA and ACC accumulation consistent with local soil water content, but did not affect xylem or leaf concentrations of these compounds compared to WW plants. Two hours after re-watering all (DI-RW) or part of the rootzone (PRD-A) to the same soil water content, stomatal conductance returned to WW values or further decreased respectively. Re-watering the whole rootzone had no effect on xylem and leaf ABA and ACC concentrations, while re-watering the dry side of the pot in PRD plants had no effect on xylem and leaf ABA concentrations but increased xylem and leaf ACC concentrations and leaf ethylene evolution. Leaf water potential was similar between all irrigation treatments, with stomatal conductance declining as xylem ABA concentrations and leaf ACC concentrations increased. Prior to re-watering PRD plants, accounting for the spatial differences in soil water uptake best explained variation in xylem ACC concentration suggesting root-to-shoot ACC signalling, but this model did not account for variation in xylem ACC concentration after re-watering the dry side of PRD plants. Thus local (foliar) and long-distance (root-to-shoot) variation in ACC status both seem important in regulating the temporal dynamics of foliar ethylene evolution in plants exposed to PRD.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Irrigation", "Stomatal conductance", "Root-to-shoot signalling", "Ethylene", "Physiological significance", "Deficit irrigation", "Plant Science", "Leaf water", "F06 Irrigation", "01 natural sciences", "ACC", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Xylem", "15. Life on land", "F60 Plant physiology and biochemistry", "6. Clean water", "Horticulture", "13. Climate action", "Soil water", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Soil moisture heterogeneity", "Partial rootzone drying"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/144510/1/Juan_EEB_Manuscript_final.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20and%20Experimental%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00271-005-0026-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-04", "title": "Comparison Of Irrigation Strategies For Surface-Irrigated Corn In West Central Nebraska", "description": "Many farmers in West Central Nebraska have limited irrigation water supplies, and need to produce crops with less water. This study evaluated the impact of four water management strategies on grain yield of surface-irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) at North Platte, Nebraska. Treatments included: (1) no irrigation (DRYLAND), (2) one irrigation prior to tassel formation (EARLY), (3) one irrigation during the silk stage (LATE), and (4) irrigation following farmer\u2019s practices (FARMER). The study included three wet years (1992, 1993, and 1996) and 2 years with average annual rainfall for the area (1994 and 1995). Significant yield differences among treatments, and a yield response to irrigation, were only observed during the 2 years with average rainfall. During all years, the FARMER treatment was over-irrigated and resulted in considerable water losses by runoff and deep percolation. Grain yield response to irrigation during the three wet years was insignificant among the treatments, but significant during the dry years. The results of this study suggest that inducing stress is not a good strategy for increasing crop water productivity (yield per unit ETd) for corn and point out the need to minimize irrigation water losses and improve irrigation scheduling.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "571", "Soil Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "2312 Water Science and Technology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "1111 Soil Science", "Water Science and Technology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Payero, Jose O., Klocke, Norman L., Schneekloth, Joel P., Davison, Don R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-005-0026-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Irrigation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00271-005-0026-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00271-005-0026-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00271-005-0026-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-02-07", "title": "Impact Of Reduced Tillage On Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Soil Carbon Stocks In An Organic Grass-Clover Ley - Winter Wheat Cropping Sequence", "description": "Organic reduced tillage aims to combine the environmental benefits of organic farming and conservation tillage to increase sustainability and soil quality. In temperate climates, there is currently no knowledge about its impact on greenhouse gas emissions and only little information about soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in these management systems. We therefore monitored nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes besides SOC stocks for two years in a grass-clover ley - winter wheat - cover crop sequence. The monitoring was undertaken in an organically managed long-term tillage trial on a clay rich soil in Switzerland. Reduced tillage (RT) was compared with ploughing (conventional tillage, CT) in interaction with two fertilisation systems, cattle slurry alone (SL) versus cattle manure compost and slurry (MC). Median N2O and CH4 flux rates were 13\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N\u00a0m-2\u00a0h-1 and -2\u00a0\u03bcg CH4C\u00a0m-2\u00a0h-1, respectively, with no treatment effects. N2O fluxes correlated positively with nitrate contents, soil temperature, water filled pore space and dissolved organic carbon and negatively with ammonium contents in soil. Pulse emissions after tillage operations and slurry application dominated cumulative gas emissions. N2O emissions after tillage operations correlated with SOC contents and collinearly to microbial biomass. There was no tillage system impact on cumulative N2O emissions in the grass-clover (0.8-0.9\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O-N\u00a0ha-1, 369\u00a0days) and winter wheat (2.1-3.0\u00a0kg N2O-N\u00a0ha-1, 296\u00a0days) cropping seasons, with a tendency towards higher emissions in MC than SL in winter wheat. Including a tillage induced peak after wheat harvest, a full two year data set showed increased cumulative N2O emissions in RT than CT and in MC than SL. There was no clear treatment influence on cumulative CH4 uptake. Topsoil SOC accumulation (0-0.1\u00a0m) was still ongoing. SOC stocks were more stratified in RT than CT and in MC than SL. Total SOC stocks (0-0.5\u00a0m) were higher in RT than CT in SL and similar in MC. Maximum relative SOC stock difference accounted for +8.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha-1 in RT-MC compared to CT-SL after 13 years which dominated over the relative increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Under these site conditions, organic reduced tillage and manure compost application seems to be a viable greenhouse gas mitigation strategy as long as SOC is sequestered.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "7. Clean energy", "Soil quality", "Soil tillage", "Article", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Animal Science and Zoology", "Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-012-0752-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-22", "title": "Nitrogen Dynamics Of Anaerobically Digested Slurry Used To Fertilize Paddy Fields", "description": "To determine nitrogen (N) fate and environmental impact of applying anaerobic digestion slurry (ADS) to rice paddy (Oryza sativa L.), a field experiment was established using three treatments based on contrasting N application rate. The ADS (with ammonium-N accounting for >80 % of total N) treatment at a conventional application rate of 270 kg N ha\u22121 was compared to a negative control (no N fertilizer) and a positive control of urea applied at 270 kg N ha\u22121. The N budget showed the following distribution of applied N from ADS and urea: 41.3 \u00b1 5.1 % for ADS and 36.6 \u00b1 4.4 % for urea recovered by the rice plant (including straw, grain, and root), 16.4 \u00b1 3.7 % for ADS and 7.4 \u00b1 1.8 % for urea lost via ammonia volatilization, 0.26 \u00b1 0.15 % for ADS and 0.15 \u00b1 0.12 % for urea lost by direct N2O emission, 1.9 \u00b1 0.5 % for ADS and 2.3 \u00b1 0.8 % for urea leached downward, 0.70 \u00b1 0.15 % for ADS and 0.67 \u00b1 0.12 % for urea discharged with floodwater drainage, and 39.4 \u00b1 8.4 % for ADS and 53.0 \u00b1 9.1 % for urea retained by soil or lost by N2 emission. Compared to urea application, ADS application impacts the environment mainly through gaseous N losses rather than water N losses. ADS application had a positive impact on rice grain yield and reduced chemical fertilizer use. Considering the wide distribution of paddy fields and the ever-increasing quantities of ADS, ADS may serve as a valuable N source for rice cultivation, although mitigating ammonia and N2O losses should be further investigated.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ammonia volatilization", "Biological Sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Nitrogen-use efficiency", "6. Clean water", "Anaerobically digested slurry", "Denitrification", "Paddy field", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Zero Hunger", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt3d16p0gn/qt3d16p0gn.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-012-0752-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-012-0752-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-012-0752-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-012-0752-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "The Effect Of Pasture Utilization Rate On Stocks Of Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen In A Semi-Arid Tropical Grassland", "description": "The influence of grazing management on total soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (TN) in tropical grasslands is an issue of considerable ecological and economic interest. Here we have used linear mixed models to investigate the effect of grazing management on stocks of SOC and TN in the top 0.5 m of the soil profile. The study site was a long-term pasture utilization experiment, 26 years after the experiment was established for sheep grazing on native Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) pasture in northern Australia. The pasture utilization rates were between 0% (exclosure) and 80%, assessed visually. We found that a significant amount of TN had been lost from the top 0.1 m of the soil profile as a result of grazing, with 80% pasture utilization resulting in a loss of 84 kg ha\u22121 over the 26-year period. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on TN when greater soil depths were considered. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on stocks of SOC and soil particulate organic carbon (POC), or the C:N ratio at any depth; however, visual trends in the data suggested some agreement with the literature, whereby increased grazing pressure appeared to: (i) decrease SOC and POC stocks; and, (ii) increase the C:N ratio. Overall, the statistical power of the study was limited, and future research would benefit from a more comprehensive sampling scheme. Previous studies at the site have found that a pasture utilization rate of 30% is sustainable for grazing production on Mitchell grass; however, given our results, we conclude that N inputs (possibly through management of native N2-fixing pasture legumes) should be made for long-term maintenance of soil health, and pasture productivity, within this ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil nitrogen", "Pasture utilization", "Tropical grassland", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "630", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "Grazing management", "1103 Animal Science and Zoology", "Rangelands. Range management. Grazing", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10333-016-0558-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-27", "title": "Intermittent Drainage In Paddy Soil: Ecosystem Carbon Budget And Global Warming Potential", "description": "Intermittent drainage of rice fields alters soil redox potential and contributes to the reduction of CH4 emission and thus may reduce net global warming potential (GWP) during rice cultivation. Incorporation of green biomass helps maintaining soil organic matter, but may increase CH4 emission. We investigated net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB) and net GWP under two water management regimes\u2014continuous flooding and intermittent drainage\u2014having four biomass incorporation levels (0, 3, 6 and 12\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121). Water management and biomass incorporation level demonstrated significant (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) interaction effect on the NECB and GWP. Intermittent drainage decreased the NECB by ca. 6\u201346\u00a0% than continuous flooding under same rates of cover crop biomass (CCB) incorporation. Moreover, intermittent drainage reduced seasonal CH4\u2013C fluxes by ca. 54\u201358\u00a0% and net GWP by 35\u201358\u00a0% compared to continuous flooding. There was also no significant reduction in rice yield because of intermittent drainage under similar CCB. This implies that incorporation of 3\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 CCB and intermittent drainage could be a good option for reducing net GWP and higher grain yield.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Science and Technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-016-0558-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Paddy%20and%20Water%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10333-016-0558-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10333-016-0558-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10333-016-0558-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-012-9547-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-14", "title": "Soil N2o And Co2 Emissions From Cotton In Australia Under Varying Irrigation Management", "description": "Irrigation is known to stimulate soil microbial carbon and nitrogen turnover and potentially the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). We conducted a study to evaluate the effect of three different irrigation intensities on soil N2O and CO2 fluxes and to determine if irrigation management can be used to mitigate N2O emissions from irrigated cotton on black vertisols in South-Eastern Queensland, Australia. Fluxes were measured over the entire 2009/2010 cotton growing season with a fully automated chamber system that measured emissions on a sub-daily basis. Irrigation intensity had a significant effect on CO2 emission. More frequent irrigation stimulated soil respiration and seasonal CO2 fluxes ranged from 2.7 to 4.1 Mg-C ha\u22121 for the treatments with the lowest and highest irrigation frequency, respectively. N2O emission happened episodic with highest emissions when heavy rainfall or irrigation coincided with elevated soil mineral N levels and seasonal emissions ranged from 0.80 to 1.07 kg N2O-N ha\u22121 for the different treatments. Emission factors (EF = proportion of N fertilizer emitted as N2O) over the cotton cropping season, uncorrected for background emissions, ranged from 0.40 to 0.53 % of total N applied for the different treatments. There was no significant effect of the different irrigation treatments on soil N2O fluxes because highest emission happened in all treatments following heavy rainfall caused by a series of summer thunderstorms which overrode the effect of the irrigation treatment. However, higher irrigation intensity increased the cotton yield and therefore reduced the N2O intensity (N2O emission per lint yield) of this cropping system. Our data suggest that there is only limited scope to reduce absolute N2O emissions by different irrigation intensities in irrigated cotton systems with summer dominated rainfall. However, the significant impact of the irrigation treatments on the N2O intensity clearly shows that irrigation can easily be used to optimize the N2O intensity of such a system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "571", "550", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Fertilisation", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Irrigation management", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "1111 Soil Science", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.qut.edu.au/218966/1/Scheer_2013_FRES.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-012-9547-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-012-9547-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-012-9547-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-012-9547-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10457-016-9914-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-27", "title": "Effects Of Acacia Seyal And Biochar On Soil Properties And Sorghum Yield In Agroforestry Systems In South Sudan", "description": "We studied the effects of Acacia seyal Del. intercropping and biochar soil amendment on soil physico-chemical properties and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) yields in a two-year field experiment conducted on a silt loam site near Renk in South Sudan. A split-plot design with three replications was used. The main factor was tree-cropping system (dense acacia\u00a0+\u00a0sorghum, scattered acacia\u00a0+\u00a0sorghum, and sole sorghum) and biochar (0 and 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) was the subplot factor. The two acacia systems had lower soil pH, N and higher C/N ratios compared to the sole sorghum system. Biochar significantly increased soil C, exchangeable K+ contents, field capacity and available water content, but reduced soil exchangeable Ca2+ and effective CEC, and had no effect on soil pH. Acacia intercropping significantly reduced sorghum grain yields while biochar had no significant effect on sorghum yields. The land equivalent ratio (LER) for sorghum yield was 0.3 for both acacia systems in 2011, with or without biochar, but increased in 2012 to 0.6 for the scattered acacia system when combined with biochar. The reduction in sorghum yields by the A. seyal trees was probably due to a combination of competition for water and nutrients and shading. The lack of a yield response to biochar maybe due to insufficient time or too low a dosage. Further research is needed to test for the effects of tree intercropping and biochar and their interactions on soil properties and crop yields in drylands.", "keywords": ["BOREAL LOAMY SAND", "2. Zero hunger", "AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE", "Land equivalent ratio (LER)", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "NORTH KORDOFAN STATE", "Biochar", "BLUE-NILE REGION", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "CROP YIELDS", "BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN-FIXATION", "Savanna", "Acacia seyal", "TREES", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NERE PARKIA-BIGLOBOSA", "Tree intercropping", "BURKINA-FASO"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-9914-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10457-016-9914-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10457-016-9914-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10457-016-9914-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10460-009-9239-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-22", "title": "The Shifting Ground Of Swidden Agriculture On Palawan Island, The Philippines", "description": "Recent literature describing the process and pathways of the agrarian transition in Southeast Asia suggests that the rise of agricultural intensification and the growth of commodity markets will lead to the demise of swidden agriculture. This paper offers a longitudinal overview of the conditions that drive the agrarian transition amongst indigenous swidden cultivators and migrant paddy farmers in central Palawan Island, the Philippines. In line with regional agrarian change, we describe how a history of conservation policies has criminalized and pressured swidden farmers to adopt more intensive \u201cmodern\u201d agricultural practices. We examine how indigenous swidden cultivators adjust their practice in response to recent changes in policies, security of harvests, and socio-cultural values vis-a-vis intensification. Rather than suggest that this transition will lead to the demise of swidden, results reveal that farmers instead negotiate a shifting ground in which they lean on and value swidden as a means of negotiating agrarian change.", "keywords": ["Persistence", "2. Zero hunger", "Palawan Island", "Agrarian transition", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Indigenous", "333", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dressler, W, Pulhin, J,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-009-9239-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%20and%20Human%20Values", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10460-009-9239-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10460-009-9239-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10460-009-9239-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-14", "title": "Chronic Nitrogen Fertilization And Carbon Sequestration In Grassland Soils: Evidence Of A Microbial Enzyme Link", "description": "Chronic nitrogen (N) fertilization can greatly affect soil carbon (C) sequestration by altering biochemical interactions between plant detritus and soil microbes. In lignin-rich forest soils, chronic N additions tend to increase soil C content partly by decreasing the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes. In cellulose-rich grassland soils it is not clear whether cellulose-degrading enzymes are also inhibited by N additions and what consequences this might have on changes in soil C content. Here we address whether chronic N fertilization has affected (1) the C content of light versus heavier soil fractions, and (2) the activity of four extracellular enzymes including the C-acquiring enzyme \u03b2-1,4-glucosidase (BG; necessary for cellulose hydrolysis). We found that 19\u00a0years of chronic N-only addition to permanent grassland have significantly increased soil C sequestration in heavy but not in light soil density fractions, and this C accrual was associated with a significant increase (and not decrease) of BG activity. Chronic N fertilization may increase BG activity because greater N availability reduces root C:N ratios thus increasing microbial demand for C, which is met by C inputs from enhanced root C pools in N-only fertilized soils. However, BG activity and total root mass strongly decreased in high pH soils under the application of lime (i.e. CaCO3), which reduced the ability of these organo-mineral soils to gain more C per units of N added. Our study is the first to show a potential \u2018enzyme link\u2019 between (1) long-term additions of inorganic N to grassland soils, and (2) the greater C content of organo-mineral soil fractions. Our new hypothesis is that the \u2018enzyme link\u2019 occurs because (a) BG activity is stimulated by increased microbial C demand relative to N under chronic fertilization, and (b) increased BG activity causes more C from roots and from microbial metabolites to accumulate and stabilize into organo-mineral C fractions. We suggest that any combination of management practices that can influence the BG \u2018enzyme link\u2019 will have far reaching implications for long-term C sequestration in grassland soils.", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "DYNAMICS", "570", "\u03b2-1", "4-Glucosidase", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2304", "NUTRIENT RELEASE", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "Root C:N ratio", "Extracellular enzyme activity", "LITTER DECAY", "FOREST ECOSYSTEMS", "0399 Other Chemical Sciences", "0402 Geochemistry", "Environmental Chemistry", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "beta-1", "4-Glucosidase", "Earth-Surface Processes", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "Science & Technology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1904", "Geology", "sequestration", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "N DEPOSITION", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "PHOSPHORUS", "Fertilization", "Physical Sciences", "N ratio [Root C]", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil carbon sequestration", "Liming", "TURNOVER", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "Geosciences", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312", "Environmental Sciences", "RESPONSES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-021-00838-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-27", "title": "Soil organic matter turnover rates increase to match increased inputs in grazed grasslands", "description": "AbstractManaged grasslands have the potential to store carbon (C) and partially mitigate climate change. However, it remains difficult to predict potential C storage under a given soil or management practice. To study C storage dynamics due to long-term (1952\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) phosphorus (P) fertilizer and irrigation treatments in New Zealand grasslands, we measured radiocarbon (14C) in archived soil along with observed changes in C stocks to constrain a compartmental soil model. Productivity increases from P application and irrigation in these trials resulted in very similar C accumulation rates between 1959 and 2009. The \uffe2\uff88\uff8614C changes over the same time period were similar in plots that were both irrigated and fertilized, and only differed in a non-irrigated fertilized plot. Model results indicated that decomposition rates of fast cycling C (0.1 to 0.2\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) increased to nearly offset increases in inputs. With increasing P fertilization, decomposition rates also increased in the slow pool (0.005 to 0.008\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Our findings show sustained, significant (i.e. greater than 4 per mille) increases in C stocks regardless of treatment or inputs. As the majority of fresh inputs remain in the soil for less than 10\uffc2\uffa0years, these long term increases reflect dynamics of the slow pool. Additionally, frequent irrigation was associated with reduced stocks and increased decomposition of fresh plant material. Rates of C gain and decay highlight trade-offs between productivity, nutrient availability, and soil C sequestration as a climate change mitigation strategy.4+, P and K. Moreover, it stimulated plant growth and N, P and base cation contents at harvest, reducing the leaf water potential in the warmer period. These results demonstrate that also intensive cultivations in fertile soil can benefit from biochar amendment.", "keywords": ["Intensive agriculture", "Soil nutrients", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Intensive agriculture; Processing tomato yield and quality; Soil nutrients; Ecology; Animal Science and Zoology; Agronomy and Crop Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Processing tomato yield and quality", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-28", "title": "Management opportunities to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from Chinese agriculture", "description": "Open AccessL'agriculture repr\u00e9sente environ 11\u00a0% des \u00e9missions nationales de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre (GES) de la Chine. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'adoption de meilleures pratiques de gestion sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion, les agriculteurs chinois peuvent contribuer \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions tout en maintenant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire de leur grande population (>1 300 millions). Cet article pr\u00e9sente les r\u00e9sultats d'une \u00e9valuation ascendante visant \u00e0 quantifier le potentiel technique des mesures d'att\u00e9nuation pour l'agriculture chinoise \u00e0 l'aide d'une m\u00e9ta-analyse de donn\u00e9es provenant de 240 publications pour les terres cultiv\u00e9es, 67 publications pour les prairies et 139 publications pour le b\u00e9tail, et fournit le sc\u00e9nario de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour l'analyse des co\u00fbts des mesures d'att\u00e9nuation identifi\u00e9es. Les options de gestion pr\u00e9sentant le plus grand potentiel d'att\u00e9nuation pour le riz ou les syst\u00e8mes de culture \u00e0 base de riz sont le travail de conservation, l'irrigation contr\u00f4l\u00e9e\u00a0; le remplacement de l'ur\u00e9e par du sulfate d'ammonium, l'application d'inhibiteurs d'azote (N), l'application d'engrais \u00e0 teneur r\u00e9duite en azote, la culture int\u00e9gr\u00e9e du riz, du poisson et du canard et l'application de biochar. Une r\u00e9duction de 15\u00a0% de l'application moyenne actuelle d'engrais azot\u00e9s synth\u00e9tiques pour le riz en Chine, soit 231 kg N ha\u22121, entra\u00eenerait une diminution de 12\u00a0% des \u00e9missions directes d'oxyde nitreux (N2O) dans le sol. L'application combin\u00e9e d'engrais chimiques et organiques, le travail de conservation, l'application de biochar et l'application r\u00e9duite d'azote sont des mesures possibles qui peuvent r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions globales de GES des syst\u00e8mes de culture en montagne. Les apports d'engrais conventionnels pour les l\u00e9gumes de serre repr\u00e9sentent plus de 2 \u00e0 8 fois la demande optimale en nutriments des cultures. Une r\u00e9duction de 20 \u00e0 40\u00a0% de l'application d'engrais azot\u00e9s sur les cultures mara\u00eech\u00e8res peut r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de N2O de 32 \u00e0 121\u00a0%, sans avoir d'impact n\u00e9gatif sur le rendement. L'une des mesures d'att\u00e9nuation les plus importantes pour les prairies agricoles pourrait \u00eatre la conversion de terres cultiv\u00e9es \u00e0 faible rendement, en particulier sur les pentes, en terres arbustives ou en prairies, ce qui est \u00e9galement une option prometteuse pour r\u00e9duire l'\u00e9rosion des sols. En outre, l'exclusion du p\u00e2turage et la r\u00e9duction de l'intensit\u00e9 du p\u00e2turage peuvent augmenter la s\u00e9questration du COS et r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions globales tout en am\u00e9liorant les prairies largement d\u00e9grad\u00e9es. Pour la production animale, o\u00f9 le fourrage de mauvaise qualit\u00e9 est couramment nourri, l'am\u00e9lioration de la gestion des p\u00e2turages et de la qualit\u00e9 de l'alimentation peut r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de m\u00e9thane (CH4) de 11\u00a0% et 5\u00a0% en moyenne. Les compl\u00e9ments alimentaires peuvent r\u00e9duire davantage les \u00e9missions de CH4, les lipides (r\u00e9duction de 15\u00a0%) et les tanins ou saponines (r\u00e9duction de 11\u00a0%) pr\u00e9sentant le plus grand potentiel. Nous sugg\u00e9rons \u00e9galement les mesures d'att\u00e9nuation les plus rentables sur le plan \u00e9conomique, en nous appuyant sur les travaux connexes sur la construction de courbes de co\u00fbts marginaux de r\u00e9duction pour le secteur.", "keywords": ["China", "Livestock", "550", "Cropping", "MACC", "Soil Science", "Cropland", "Rice Water Management and Productivity Enhancement", "Plant Science", "Greenhouse gas", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Environmental science", "Meta-analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Research", "Tillage", "12. Responsible consumption", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Fertilizer", "Engineering", "11. Sustainability", "Agroforestry", "Waste management", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Technical potential", "Geography", "Ecology", "Economic potential", "Life Sciences", "Nutrient management", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Management", "Biochar", "Archaeology", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Aerobic Rice Systems", "Pyrolysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-14", "title": "Responses Of Soil Properties And Crop Yields To Different Inorganic And Organic Amendments In A Swiss Conventional Farming System", "description": "AbstractIn agro-ecosystems, fertilization practices are crucial for sustaining crop productivity. Here, based on a 50-year long-term experiment, we studied the influence of fertilization practices (inorganic and/or organic) and nitrogen (N) application rates on (i) soil physicochemical properties, (ii) microbial and earthworm communities and (iii) crop production. Our results showed that soil organic carbon content was increased by incorporation of crop residues (+2.45%) and farmyard manure application (+6.40%) in comparison to the use of mineral fertilizer alone. In contrast, soil carbon stock was not significantly affected by these fertilization practices. Overall, only farmyard manure application improved soil physicochemical properties compared to mineral fertilization alone. Soil microbial population was enhanced by the application of organic amendments as indicated by microbial biomass and phospholipid-derived fatty acids contents. The fertilization practices and the N application rates affected significantly both the biomass and composition of earthworm populations, especially the epigeic and endogeic species. Finally, farmyard manure application significantly increased crop yield (+3.5%) in comparison to mineral fertilization alone. Crop residue incorporation rendered variable but similar crop yields over the 50-year period. The results of this long-term experiment indicate that the use of organic amendments not only reduces the need for higher amount of mineral N fertilizer but also improves the soil biological properties with direct effects on crop yield.", "keywords": ["Cattle farmyard manure", " Crop residues", " N fertilization", " Microbial community", " Earthworms", "2. Zero hunger", "Cattle farmyard manure", "Crop residues", "Ecology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "N fertilization", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "13. Climate action", "Milj\u00f6- och naturv\u00e5rdsvetenskap", "Microbial community", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Animal Science and Zoology", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-017-3401-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-11", "title": "Biochemical Proxies Indicate Differences In Soil C Cycling Induced By Long-Term Tillage And Residue Management In A Tropical Agroecosystem", "description": "A potential benefit of conservation agriculture (CA) is soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual, yet recent studies indicate limited or no impact of CA on total SOC in tropical agroecosystems. We evaluated biochemical indicators of soil C cycling after 9\u00a0years (18 seasons) of contrasting tillage with and without maize residue retention in western Kenya. Potential activities of C-cycling enzymes (\u03b2-glucosidase, GLU; \u03b2-galactosidase, GAL; glucosaminidase, GLM; cellobiohydrolase, CEL), permanganate-oxidizable C (POXC), and soil organic matter (SOM) composition (by infrared spectroscopy) were measured. POXC tended to be greater under reduced tillage and residue retention, but did not significantly differ among treatments (\u2264 2% of SOC). Despite no significant differences in SOC concentrations or stocks, activities of all 4 C-cycling enzymes responded strongly to tillage, and to a lesser extent to residue management. Activities of GLU, GAL, and GLM were greatest under the combination of reduced tillage and residue retention relative to other treatments. Reduced tillage produced an enrichment in carboxyl C\u00a0=\u00a0O (+6%) and decreased polysaccharide C-O (\u22123.5%) relative to conventional tillage irrespective of residue management. Though enzyme activities and POXC are typically associated with SOC accrual, changes in soil C cycling at this site have not translated into significant differences in SOC after 9\u00a0years. Elevated enzyme activities may have offset potential SOC accumulation under CA. However, the ratio of C-cycling enzyme activities to SOC was higher under reduced tillage and residue retention relative to other treatments, indicating that stoichiometric scaling of SOC and enzyme activities does not explain absence of significant differences in SOC among tillage and residue managements. Potential factors that may explain the low SOC accrual rates in this tropical agroecosystem included the low, albeit realistic, levels of residue retention, nutrient limitations, and high temperatures favoring decomposition.", "keywords": ["glucosidase", "Conservation agriculture", "actividad enzim\u00e1tica", "residuos", "glucosidasa", "Tillage", "residue", "Enzyme activities", "2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Soil organic carbon", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Kenya", "agricultura de conservaci\u00f3n", "enzyme activity", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture", "Residue", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "labranza", "Glucosidase", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt3217p4kt/qt3217p4kt.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3401-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-017-3401-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-017-3401-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-017-3401-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-10", "title": "Tree stem and soil methane and nitrous oxide fluxes, but not carbon dioxide fluxes, switch sign along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest", "description": "Purpose
Tropical forests exchange large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; and nitrous oxide, N2O) with the atmosphere. Forest soils and stems can be either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O, but little is known about what determines the sign and magnitude of these fluxes. Here, we aimed to study how stem and soil GHG fluxes vary along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest.
Methods
Fluxes of GHG from 56 individual tree stems and adjacent soils were measured with manual static chambers. The topographic gradient was characterized by a soil moisture gradient, with one end in a wetland area (\u201cseasonally flooded\u201d; SF), the other end in an upland area (\u201cterra firme\u201d; TF) and in between a transitional area on the slope (SL).
Results
Tree stems and soils were always sources of CO2 with higher fluxes in SF compared to TF and SL. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O were more variable, even within one habitat. Results showed that, in TF, soils acted as sinks for N2O whereas, in SF and SL, they acted as sources. In contrast, tree stems which were predominantly sources of N2O in SF and TF, were sinks in SL. In the soil, N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by both temperature and soil water content, whereas CH4 fluxes were only significantly correlated with soil water content.
Conclusion
SF areas were major sources of the three gases, whereas SL and TF soils and tree stems acted as either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O. Our results indicate that tree stems represent overlooked sources of CH4 and N2O in tropical forests that need to be further studied to refine GHG budgets.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "550", "source", "Spatial variation", "Sink", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "spatial variation", "Source", "15. Life on land", "Stem", "630", "soil", "[SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "Soil", "Greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange", "13. Climate action", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "[SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "106022 Microbiology", "stem", "sink", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Biology", "greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-07", "title": "Aeromycological studies in the crops of the main cereals: A systematic review", "description": "Open AccessLes \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques sur les cultures c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8res permettent de d\u00e9terminer la variation temporelle des agents pathog\u00e8nes des plantes affectant la culture et de d\u00e9terminer le moment appropri\u00e9 pour appliquer les fongicides. Cependant, ce sujet n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 syst\u00e9matiquement revu. L'objectif de ce travail \u00e9tait d'analyser syst\u00e9matiquement toutes les \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur le ma\u00efs, le bl\u00e9, le riz, l'avoine, l'orge, le seigle, le sorgho et le millet. Une recherche syst\u00e9matique a \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e dans Scopus depuis le d\u00e9but de la base de donn\u00e9es jusqu'au 1er ao\u00fbt 2022. Les crit\u00e8res d'inclusion \u00e9taient qu'il s'agissait d'\u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques sur le bl\u00e9 ou le riz ou le ma\u00efs ou l'avoine ou le sorgho ou le seigle ou l'orge ou le millet et d'\u00e9tudes publi\u00e9es dans des revues \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture index\u00e9es dans Journal Citation Reports et r\u00e9dig\u00e9es en anglais ou en espagnol. Quarante-trois \u00e9tudes (21 sur le bl\u00e9, 15 sur le riz, 5 sur le ma\u00efs, 1 sur le sorgho et 2 sur l'orge) r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 tous les crit\u00e8res d'\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incluses (une des \u00e9tudes sur le ma\u00efs a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e sur le bl\u00e9). Aucune \u00e9tude a\u00e9romycologique n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9e chez l'avoine, le seigle et le millet. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 not\u00e9 que la plupart des recherches a\u00e9romycologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es sur les cultures de bl\u00e9 et principalement dans les pays des Am\u00e9riques. De plus, les propagules fongiques sont principalement collect\u00e9es par des m\u00e9thodes non viables, en utilisant divers types de collecteurs. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les \u00e9tudes visaient \u00e0 identifier un agent pathog\u00e8ne sp\u00e9cifique et non \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 des agents pathog\u00e8nes qui peuvent \u00eatre trouv\u00e9s. La relation des champignons identifi\u00e9s avec les param\u00e8tres m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques \u00e9tait variable dans les diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes. Cette revue syst\u00e9matique permet de r\u00e9sumer les \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es sur les cultures de bl\u00e9, de riz, de ma\u00efs, de sorgho et d'orge. Il sugg\u00e8re \u00e9galement o\u00f9 les futures \u00e9tudes dans ce domaine devraient \u00eatre dirig\u00e9es, en fonction des limites rencontr\u00e9es.", "keywords": ["Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology", "Agriculture (General)", "Health", " Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "Plant Science", "Crop", "S1-972", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Barley", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "TX341-641", "10. No inequality", "Biology", "Sorghum", "2. Zero hunger", "Corn", "Airborne spores", "Nutrition. Foods and food supply", "Life Sciences", "Phylogenetic Analysis", "Cell Biology", "15. Life on land", "2414.06 Hongos", "Agronomy", "3. Good health", "Wheat", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Rice", "Indoor Air Quality and Health Effects", "Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11769-018-0939-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-13", "title": "Effect Of Wetland Reclamation On Soil Organic Carbon Stability In Peat Mire Soil Around Xingkai Lake In Northeast China", "description": "Closed AccessLa teneur et la densit\u00e9 du carbone organique du sol (COS) et des fractions de COS labiles et stables dans le sol de tourbi\u00e8re dans les zones humides, les champs de soja et les rizi\u00e8res r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9es dans les zones humides autour du lac Xingkai dans le nord-est de la Chine ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es. Des \u00e9tudes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ues pour \u00e9tudier l'impact de la remise en \u00e9tat des zones humides pour la culture du soja et du riz sur la stabilit\u00e9 du SOC. Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration, la teneur en COS et la densit\u00e9 dans la couche sup\u00e9rieure du sol de 0 \u00e0 30 cm ont diminu\u00e9, et la teneur en COS et la densit\u00e9 dans le champ de soja \u00e9taient plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es que dans le champ de riz. La teneur et la densit\u00e9 des fractions de COS labiles ont \u00e9galement diminu\u00e9, et la densit\u00e9 des fractions de COS labiles et leurs rapports avec le COS dans les champs de soja \u00e9taient inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux observ\u00e9s dans les champs de paddy. Dans la couche de sol de 0 \u00e0 30 cm, les densit\u00e9s des fractions de COS labiles, \u00e0 savoir le carbone organique dissous (COD), le carbone de biomasse microbienne (MBC), le carbone facilement oxyd\u00e9 (roc) et le carbone facilement min\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (RMC), dans les champs de soja et de riz, se sont toutes r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9es inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 celles des zones humides de 34,00\u00a0% et 13,83\u00a0%, 51,74\u00a0% et 35,13\u00a0%, 62,24\u00a0% et 59,00\u00a0%, et 64,24\u00a0% et 17,86\u00a0%, respectivement. Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration, la densit\u00e9 de COS des micro-agr\u00e9gats (< 0,25 mm) en tant que fraction de COS stable et son rapport avec le COS dans les couches de sol de 0\u20135, 5\u201310, 10\u201320 et 20\u201330 cm ont augment\u00e9. La densit\u00e9 de COS des micro-agr\u00e9gats dans la couche de sol de 0 \u00e0 30 cm dans les champs de soja \u00e9tait de 50,83\u00a0% sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des rizi\u00e8res. En raison de la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration, la densit\u00e9 de COS et la densit\u00e9 de fraction de COS labile ont diminu\u00e9, mais apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration, la plupart des COS ont \u00e9t\u00e9 stock\u00e9s sous une forme plus complexe et stable. La culture du soja est plus respectueuse de la r\u00e9sidence durable du COS dans les sols que la riziculture.", "keywords": ["Soil Science", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Importance of Mangrove Ecosystems in Coastal Protection", "Soil water", "Paddy field", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Peat", "Total organic carbon", "Life Sciences", "Land reclamation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Bulk density", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Wetland Restoration", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Wetland", "Environmental chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lili Huo, Yuanchun Zou, Xianguo Lyu, Zhongsheng Zhang, Xuehong Wang, Yingli An,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-018-0939-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chinese%20Geographical%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11769-018-0939-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11769-018-0939-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11769-018-0939-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12155-008-9019-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-25", "title": "Soil Carbon Storage By Switchgrass Grown For Bioenergy", "description": "Life-cycle assessments (LCAs) of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) grown for bioenergy production require data on soil organic carbon (SOC) change and harvested C yields to accurately estimate net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To date, nearly all information on SOC change under switchgrass has been based on modeled assumptions or small plot research, both of which do not take into account spatial variability within or across sites for an agro-ecoregion. To address this need, we measured change in SOC and harvested C yield for switchgrass fields on ten farms in the central and northern Great Plains, USA (930 km latitudinal range). Change in SOC was determined by collecting multiple soil samples in transects across the fields prior to planting switchgrass and again 5 years later after switchgrass had been grown and managed as a bioenergy crop. Harvested aboveground C averaged 2.5\u00b1 0.7 Mg C ha \u22121 over the 5 year study. Across sites, SOC increased significantly at 0-30 cm (P=0.03) and 0-120 cm (P=0.07), with accrual rates of 1.1 and 2.9 Mg C ha \u22121 year \u22121 (4.0 and 10.6 Mg CO2 ha \u22121 year \u22121 ), respectively. Change in SOC across sites varied considerably, however, ranging from \u22120.6 to 4.3 Mg C ha \u22121 year \u22121 for the 0-30 cm depth. Such variation in SOC change must be taken into consideration in LCAs. Net GHG emissions from bioenergy crops vary in space and time. Such variation, coupled with an increased reliance on agriculture for energy production, underscores the need for long-term environmental monitor- ing sites in major agro-ecoregions.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Switchgrass", "Greenhouse gas balance", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "Plant Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Perennial biofeedstocks", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "630", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bioenergy", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Energy (miscellaneous)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liebig, Mark A., Schmer, Marty R., Vogel, Kenneth P., Mitchell, Robert B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-008-9019-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioEnergy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12155-008-9019-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12155-008-9019-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12155-008-9019-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-03", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration By Switchgrass And No-Till Maize Grown For Bioenergy", "description": "Net benefits of bioenergy crops, including maize and perennial grasses such as switchgrass, are a function of several factors including the soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestered by these crops. Life cycle assessments (LCA) for bioenergy crops have been conducted using models in which SOC information is usually from the top 30 to 40 cm. Information on the effects of crop management practices on SOC has been limited so LCA models have largely not included any management practice effects. In the first 9 years of a long-term C sequestration study in eastern Nebraska, USA, switchgrass and maize with best management practi- ces had average annual increases in SOC per hectare that exceed 2 Mg Cyear \ufffd1 (7.3 Mg CO2year \ufffd1 ) for the 0 to 150 soil depth. For both switchgrass and maize, over 50 % of the increase in SOC was below the 30 cm depth. SOC seques- tration by switchgrass was twofold to fourfold greater than that used in models to date which also assumed no SOC sequestration by maize. The results indicate that N fertilizer rates and harvest management regimes can affect the mag- nitude of SOC sequestration. The use of uniform soil C effects for bioenergy crops from sampling depths of 30 to 40 cm across agro-ecoregions for large scale LCA is questionable.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Switchgrass . Maize", "2. Zero hunger", "Switchgrass", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "soil carbon . Soil organic carbon . Bioenergy . Sustainability . Carbon sequestration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Carbon", "630", "Maize", "Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bioenergy", "soil carbon", "Agricultural Science", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Soil organic", "Energy (miscellaneous)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Follett, Ronald F., Vogel, Kenneth P., Varvel, Gary E., Mitchell, Robert B., Kimble, John,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioEnergy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12155-017-9858-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-03", "title": "Can Cover Crop Use Allow Increased Levels Of Corn Residue Removal For Biofuel In Irrigated And Rainfed Systems?", "description": "Corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal at high rates can result in negative impacts to soil ecosystem services. The use of cover crops could be a potential strategy to ameliorate any adverse effects of residue removal while allowing greater removal levels. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine changes in water erosion potential, soil organic C (SOC) and total N concentration, and crop yields under early- and late-terminated cover crop (CC) combined with five levels of corn residue removal after 3\u00a0years on rainfed and irrigated no-till continuous corn in Nebraska. Treatments were no CC, early- and late-terminated winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CC, and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% corn residue removal rates. Complete residue removal reduced mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable aggregates (5\u00a0cm depth) by 29% compared to no removal at the rainfed site only, suggesting increased water erosion risk at rainfed sites. Late-terminated CC significantly increased MWD of water-stable aggregates by 27 to 37% at both sites compared to no CC, but early-terminated CC had no effect. The increased MWD with late-terminated CC suggests that CC when terminated late can offset residue removal-induced risks of water erosion. Residue removal and CC did not affect SOC and total soil N concentration. Particulate organic matter increased with late-terminated CC at the irrigated site compared to no CC. Complete residue removal increased irrigated grain yield by 9% in 1\u00a0year relative to no removal. Late-terminated CC had no effect on corn yield except in 1\u00a0year when yield was 8% lower relative to no CC due to low precipitation at corn establishment. Overall, late-terminated CC ameliorates residue removal-induced increases in water erosion potential and could allow greater levels of removal without reducing corn yields in most years, in the short term, under the conditions of this study.", "keywords": ["330", "Plant Biology", "Winter rye", "Horticulture", "Aggregate stability", "Mean weight diameter", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Agronomy and Crop Sciences", "Agricultural Science", "Residue removal", "2. Zero hunger", "Late termination", "Plant Sciences", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Early termination", "Corn yield", "Cover crop", "Other Plant Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil organic C"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-017-9858-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioEnergy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12155-017-9858-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12155-017-9858-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12155-017-9858-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-08-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12155-015-9685-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-23", "title": "Sixteen-Year Biomass Yield And Soil Carbon Storage Of Giant Reed (Arundo Donax L.) Grown Under Variable Nitrogen Fertilization Rates", "description": "High and stable biomass yields for long periods (15\u201320\u00a0years) are indispensable for the successful establishment of a well-developed bioenergy sector. However, the effects of management practices, particularly nitrogen fertilization, on productivity and soil organic carbon (SOC) are difficult to understand, especially when considering that continuous harvesting cycles may have cumulative effects on the crop and its resources use capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different N fertilization levels on biomass production and SOC accumulation of giant reed over 16\u00a0years. Every year, starting from the second one, two N fertilization rates were applied: 80 (N80) and 160 (N160)\u2009kg N\u00a0ha\u22121. The control treatment (N0) was unfertilized. Nitrogen content and use capacity, and SOC gains were determined. Mean 16-year biomass yields were 16.2, 17.1, and 19.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 in the N0, N80, and N160 treatments, respectively. Variable yielding phases were observed in the N160 treatment with declining yields towards the last sampling season, whereas the N0 was characterized by increasing yields up to the fourth growing season; thereafter, declining yields were observed. Nitrogen concentration and removed N in the aboveground harvested biomass increased from N0 to N160 and as the stand become older. Mean total SOC stock gains were 1.0 and 0.6\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 in the N160 and N0 treatments, respectively. The largest SOC stocks were found in the topsoil, with the largest amount (12\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha\u22121 in 16\u00a0years) in the N160 treatment. In conclusion, long-term high N fertilization rates result in marginal increments in biomass productivity (about 3\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121), but in substantial increments in SOC, especially in surface soil layers. A farmer might prefer to grow giant reed without the burdens of fertilization despite the seemingly benefits on SOC and lower yields of unfertilized plots.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bioenergy; Biomass; Long-term; Marginal land; Soil carbon; Yield; Agronomy and Crop Science; Energy (miscellaneous); Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/566392/6/566392.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9685-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioEnergy%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12155-015-9685-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12155-015-9685-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12155-015-9685-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-18", "title": "Legumes For Mitigation Of Climate Change And The Provision Of Feedstock For Biofuels And Biorefineries. A Review", "description": "Humans are currently confronted by many global challenges. These include achieving food security for a rapidly expanding population, lowering the risk of climate change by reducing the net release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere due to human activity, and meeting the increasing demand for energy in the face of dwindling reserves of fossil energy and uncertainties about future reliability of supply. Legumes deliver several important services to societies. They provide important sources of oil, fiber, and protein-rich food and feed while supplying nitrogen (N) to agro-ecosystems via their unique ability to fix atmospheric N2 in symbiosis with the soil bacteria rhizobia, increasing soil carbon content, and stimulating the productivity of the crops that follow. However, the role of legumes has rarely been considered in the context of their potential to contribute to the mitigation of climate change by reducing fossil fuel use or by providing feedstock for the emerging biobased economies where fossil sources of energy and industrial raw materials are replaced in part by sustainable and renewable biomass resources. The aim of this review was to collate the current knowledge regarding the capacity of legumes to (1) lower the emissions of the key greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) compared to N-fertilized systems, (2) reduce the fossil energy used in the production of food and forage, (3) contribute to the sequestration of carbon (C) in soils, and (4) provide a viable source of biomass for the generation of biofuels and other materials in future biorefinery concepts. We estimated that globally between 350 and 500\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 could be emitted as a result of the 33 to 46\u00a0Tg\u00a0N that is biologically fixed by agricultural legumes each year. This compares to around 300\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 released annually from the manufacture of 100\u00a0Tg fertilizer N. The main difference is that the CO2 respired from the nodulated roots of N2-fixing legumes originated from photosynthesis and will not represent a net contribution to atmospheric concentrations of CO2, whereas the CO2 generated during the synthesis of N fertilizer was derived from fossil fuels. Experimental measures of total N2O fluxes from legumes and N-fertilized systems were found to vary enormously (0.03\u20137.09 and 0.09\u201318.16\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively). This reflected the data being collated from a diverse range of studies using different rates of N inputs, as well as the large number of climatic, soil, and management variables known to influence denitrification and the portion of the total N lost as N2O. Averages across 71 site-years of data, soils under legumes emitted a total of 1.29\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 during a growing season. This compared to a mean of 3.22\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 67 site-years of N-fertilized crops and pastures, and 1.20\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 33 site-years of data collected from unplanted soils or unfertilized non-legumes. It was concluded that there was little evidence that biological N2 fixation substantially contributed to total N2O emissions, and that losses of N2O from legume soil were generally lower than N-fertilized systems, especially when commercial rates of N fertilizer were applied. Elevated rates of N2O losses can occur following the termination of legume-based pastures, or where legumes had been green- or brown-manured and there was a rapid build-up of high concentrations of nitrate in soil. Legume crops and legume-based pastures use 35% to 60% less fossil energy than N-fertilized cereals or grasslands, and the inclusion of legumes in cropping sequences reduced the average annual energy usage over a rotation by 12% to 34%. The reduced energy use was primarily due to the removal of the need to apply N fertilizer and the subsequently lower N fertilizer requirements for crops grown following legumes. Life cycle energy balances of legume-based rotations were also assisted by a lower use of agrichemicals for crop protection as diversification of cropping sequences reduce the incidence of cereal pathogens and pests and assisted weed control, although it was noted that differences in fossil energy use between legumes and N-fertilized systems were greatly diminished if energy use was expressed per unit of biomass or grain produced. For a change in land use to result in a net increase C sequestration in soil, the inputs of C remaining in plant residues need to exceed the CO2 respired by soil microbes during the decomposition of plant residues or soil organic C, and the C lost through wind or water erosion. The net N-balance of the system was a key driver of changes in soil C stocks in many environments, and data collected from pasture, cropping, and agroforestry systems all indicated that legumes played a pivotal role in providing the additional organic N required to encourage the accumulation of soil C at rates greater than can be achieved by cereals or grasses even when they were supplied with N fertilizer. Legumes contain a range of compounds, which could be refined to produce raw industrial materials currently manufactured from petroleum-based sources, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, or food additives as valuable by-products if legume biomass was to be used to generate biodiesel, bioethanol, biojet A1 fuel, or biogas. The attraction of using leguminous material feedstock is that they do not need the inputs of N fertilizer that would otherwise be necessary to support the production of high grain yields or large amounts of plant biomass since it is the high fossil energy use in the synthesis, transport, and application of N fertilizers that often negates much of the net C benefits of many other bioenergy sources. The use of legume biomass for biorefineries needs careful thought as there will be significant trade-offs with the current role of legumes in contributing to the organic fertility of soils. Agricultural systems will require novel management and plant breeding solutions to provide the range of options that will be required to mitigate climate change. Given their array of ecosystem services and their ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lower the use of fossil energy, accelerate rates of C sequestration in soil, and provide a valuable source of feedstock for biorefineries, legumes should be considered as important components in the development of future agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "571", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Air and water emissions", "Greenhouses and coverings", "7. Clean energy", "Biorefinery", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "2305 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Biological N2 fixation", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-02", "title": "Biofuel From Plant Biomass", "description": "Abstract
Plant biomass can be used for multiple forms of bioenergy, and there is a very large potential supply, depending on which global assessment is most accurate in terms of land area that could be available for biomass production. The most suitable plant species must be identified before the potential biomass production in a particular region can be quantified. This in turn depends on the degree of climatic adaptation by those species. In the range of climates present in New Zealand, biomass crop growth has less restriction due to water deficit or low winter temperature than in most world regions. Biomass production for energy use in New Zealand would be best utilised as transport fuel since 70\uffc2\uffa0% of the country\uffe2\uff80\uff99s electricity generation is already renewable, but nearly all of its transport fossil fuel is imported. There is a good economic development case for transport biofuel production using waste streams and biomass crops. This review identified the most suitable crop species and assessed their production potential for use within the climatic range present in New Zealand. Information from published work was used as a basis for selecting appropriate crops in a 2-year selection and evaluation process. Where there were knowledge gaps, the location-specific selections were further evaluated by field measurements. The data presented have superseded much of the speculative information on the suitability of species for the potential development of a biofuel industry in New Zealand.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biomass crops", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Environmental Engineering", "High dry mass yield", "LCA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Energy crops", "Perennials", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Land use change", "Bioenergy potential"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huub Kerckhoffs, Richard Renquist,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-012-0128-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-28", "title": "Enhanced Wheat Yield By Biochar Addition Under Different Mineral Fertilization Levels", "description": "Climate change and global warming have worldwide adverse consequences. Biochar production and its use in agriculture can play a key role in climate change mitigation and help improve the quality and management of waste materials coming from agriculture and forestry. Biochar is a carbonaceous material obtained from thermal decomposition of residual biomass at relatively low temperature and under oxygen limited conditions (pyrolysis). Biochar is currently a subject of active research worldwide because it can constitute a viable option for sustainable agriculture due to its potential as a long-term sink for carbon in soil and benefits for crops. However, to date, the results of research studies on biochar effects on crop production show great variability, depending on the biochar type and experimental conditions. Therefore, it is important to identify the beneficial aspects of biochar addition to soil on crop yield in order to promote the adoption of this practice in agriculture. In this study, the effects of two types of biochar from agricultural wastes typical of Southern Spain: wheat straw and olive tree pruning, combined with different mineral fertilization levels on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum durum L. cv. Vitron) were evaluated. Durum wheat was pot-grown for 2 months in a growth chamber on a soil collected from an agricultural field near C\u00f3rdoba, Southern Spain. Soil properties and plant growth variables were studied in order to assess the agronomic efficiency of biochar. Our results show that biochar addition to a nutrientpoor, slightly acidic loamy sand soil had little effect on wheat yield in the absence of mineral fertilization. However, at the highest mineral fertilizer rate, addition of biochar led to about 20\u201330 % increase in grain yield compared with the use of the mineral fertilizer alone. Both biochars acted as a source of available P, which led to beneficial effects on crop production. In contrast, the addition of biochar resulted in decreases in available N and Mn. A maximum reduction in plant nutrient concentration of 25 and 80% compared to nonbiochar-treated soils for N and Mn, respectively, was detected. This fact was related to the own nature of biochar: low available nitrogen content, high adsorption capacity, and low mineralization rate for N; and alkaline pH and high carbonate content for Mn. Our results indicate that biochar-based soil management strategies can enhance wheat production with the environmental benefits of global warming mitigation. This can contribute positively to the viability and benefits of agricultural production systems. However, the nutrient\u2013biochar interactions should receive special attention due to the great variability in the properties of biochar-type materials.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Environmental Engineering", "Nitrogen", "Agricultural wastes", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Biochar", "Phosporus", "13. Climate action", "Wheat", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Grain yield", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Plant growth", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0128-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-012-0128-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-012-0128-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-012-0128-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-02", "title": "Comparison Of Soil Quality And Nutrient Budgets Between Organic And Conventional Kiwifruit Orchards", "description": "Three long-term (>10 years) systems of kiwifruit production were compared at 36 sites with respect to simple input/output nutrient budgets, extractable soil nutrient levels, soil organic matter status, the size and activity of the soil microbial biomass, earthworm numbers and key soil physical properties. These systems were (i) conventional production of the green-fleshed variety \u2018Hayward\u2019 (Green), (ii) organic production of \u2018Hayward\u2019 (Organic) and (iii) conventional production of the yellow/gold-fleshed variety \u2018Hort 16A\u2019 (Gold). Crop yields and nutrient removals were least for Organic and greatest for Gold, with Green being intermediate. The major nutrients removed in the harvested crop were K and N. Simple input/output nutrient budgets showed that inputs greatly exceeded removals in the harvested crop for all nutrients considered (i.e. N, P, S, K, Mg, Ca) in all three systems, suggesting nutrient inputs could be reduced. Soil organic C and total N content were greater under Organic and Gold than Green whilst extractable P was least under Organic. Soluble C, basal respiration and metabolic quotient were unaffected by production system whilst microbial biomass C and N were greatest under Organic. Within systems, organic C, total N, microbial biomass C and N and mineralisable N were greater between plant rows than below the vine canopies whilst the reverse was the case for metabolic quotient and extractable P. Soil bulk density was least and water content at field capacity and earthworm numbers were greatest under the organic systems. It was concluded that long-term soil fertility can be maintained adequately under organic management and added benefits are increased organic matter content, a larger microbial biomass and improved soil physical condition. Although Organic orchards generally produce less fruit than their Green counterparts, mainly because of fertiliser differences and the absence of synthetic growth regulators, comparatively good returns and surpluses can still be achieved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "070302 Agronomy", "Microbial biomass", "820205 Kiwifruit", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nutrient budgets", "630", "C1", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Kiwifruit", "Soil test values", "Organic production"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-05", "title": "Multi-Site Assessment Of The Effects Of Plastic-Film Mulch On The Soil Organic Carbon Balance In Semiarid Areas Of China", "description": "AbstractPlastic-film mulch is widely used to increase soil temperature and reduce water evaporation in vegetable production. In China, it is also extensively used for growing grain crops, especially in temperature and rainfall limited areas. However, it remains unclear whether the technology is sustainable in terms of maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC) balance. We assessed the effects of plastic-film mulch on the SOC balance in maize (Zea mays L.) production in a range of cold semiarid environments. We imposed four treatments: (i) no plastic-film mulch or straw incorporation, (ii) plastic-film mulch, (iii) straw incorporation in soil without mulch, and (v) straw incorporation plus mulch, in ridge\u2013furrow prepared fields at five sites along a hydrothermal gradient for up to six years. Maize root biomass across sites increased by 23\u201338% in mulched plots associated with the increase in aboveground biomass, indicating an increased SOC input, compared to that in non-mulched plots. The plastic-film mulch increased SOC mineralization, indicated by the stimulated decomposition of buried maize straw, and a 4\u20135% reduction in the concentration of light-fraction SOC (<1.8gcm\u22123), but the total SOC concentration and stock in the 0\u20130.15m soil layer did not change relative to no mulch after six years of continuous cropping. Plastic-film mulch did not affect the total non-cellulosic sugar content; however, it significantly increased the contribution of microbial-synthesized sugars to the total non-cellulosic sugars, indicating an intensified microbial action on the SOC pool compared to no mulch. Straw incorporation increased the root biomass, light and total SOC concentrations and non-cellulosic sugars, and changed the non-cellulosic sugar composition. We conclude that the increase in soil temperature and moisture by use of plastic-film mulch enhances productivity, but importantly maintains the SOC level in temperature- and rainfall-limited semiarid regions by balancing the increased SOC mineralization with increased root-derived C input.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Atmospheric Science", "Global and Planetary Change", "Root biomass", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil organic carbon level", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "Non-cellulosic carbohydrates", "Soil carbon mineralization", "Soil warming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-29", "title": "Inter-individual variability in spring phenology of temperate deciduous trees depends on species, tree size and previous year autumn phenology", "description": "We explored the inter-individual variability in bud-burst and its potential drivers, in homogeneous mature stands of temperate deciduous trees. Phenological observations of leaves and wood formation were performed weekly from summer 2017 to summer 2018 for pedunculate oak, European beech and silver birch in Belgium. The variability of bud-burst was correlated to previous' year autumn phenology (i.e. the onset of leaf senescence and the cessation of wood formation) and tree size but with important differences among species. In fact, variability of bud-burst was primarily related to onset of leaf senescence, cessation of wood formation and tree height for oak, beech and birch, respectively. The inter-individual variability of onset of leaf senescence was not related to the tree characteristics considered and was much larger than the inter-individual variability in bud-burst. Multi-species multivariate models could explain up to 66% of the bud-burst variability. These findings represent an important advance in our fundamental understanding and modelling of phenology and tree functioning of deciduous tree species.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "Atmospheric Science", "polno olistanje", "Broadleaved forest", "Silver birch", "Edellauvskog", "coloration", "01 natural sciences", "fenologija", "navadna bukev", "Pedunculate oak", "FAGUS-SYLVATICA", "PHLOEM", "Global and Planetary Change", "LEAF PHENOLOGY", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "VDP::\u00d8kologi: 488", "Physics", "Forestry", "VDP::Ecology: 488", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "dob", "navadna breza", "Chemistry", "Phenology", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/630*811", "rumenenje listov", "XYLEM", "MODELS", "Article", "leaf unfolding", "Fenologi", "Coloration", "nastanek lesa", "Biology", "Wood formation", "kambij", "Leaf unfolding", "RADIAL GROWTH", "15. Life on land", "listavci", "European beech", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "SENESCENCE", "13. Climate action", "wood formation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108088", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-22", "title": "Value of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence for quantifying hydrological states and fluxes: Current status and challenges", "description": "Abstract Predictions of hydrological states and fluxes, especially transpiration, are poorly constrained in hydrological models due to large uncertainties in parameterization and process description. Novel technologies like remote sensing of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)\u2014which provides information from the photosynthetic apparatus\u2014may help in constraining water cycle components. This paper discusses the nature of the plant physiological basis of the fluorescence signal and analyses the current literature linking hydrological states and fluxes to SIF. Given the connection between photosynthesis and transpiration, through the water use efficiency, SIF may serve as a pertinent constraint for hydrological models. The FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX) satellite, planned to be launched in 2023, is expected to provide spatially high-resolution measurements of red and far-red SIF complementing the products from existing satellite missions and the high-temporal resolution products from upcoming geostationary missions. This new data stream may allow us to better constrain plant transpiration, assess the impacts of water stress on plants, and infer processes occurring in the root zone through the soil-plant water column. To make optimal use of this data, progress needs to be made in 1) our process representation of spatially aggregated fluorescence signals from spaceborne SIF instruments, 2) integration of fluorescence processes in hydrological models\u2014particularly when paired with other satellite data, 3) quantifying the impact of soil moisture on SIF across scales, and 4) assessment of the accuracy of SIF measurements\u2014especially from space.", "keywords": ["Atmospheric Science", "Global and Planetary Change", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108088"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108088", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-02", "title": "Doubled-Up Legume Rotations Improve Soil Fertility And Maintain Productivity Under Variable Conditions In Maize-Based Cropping Systems In Malawi", "description": "Smallholder farmers in Malawi must cope with small farm size, low soil fertility and production risks associated with rainfed agriculture. Integration of legumes into maize-based cropping systems is advocated as a means to increase production of diverse nutrient-dense grains and improve soil fertility. It is difficult to achieve both aims simultaneously, however. Short-duration grain legumes rarely produce enough biomass to appreciatively improve soils, and long duration pigeonpea, commonly grown in Malawi as a dual purpose crop, produces little or no edible grain as a consequence of grain-filling into the dry season. A novel technology is the doubled-up legume rotation (DLR) system in which two legumes with complementary phenology are intercropped and grown in rotation with maize. Initial performance from on-farm research is favorable; however, it is crucial to understand competition for resources in mixed cropping systems under variable soil and climate conditions. We used soil and crop yield data from farmer participatory trials to parameterize the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) and evaluate its performance in simulating observed treatments at three locations in central Malawi. We used the calibrated APSIM model to investigate the performance of DLR and other maize-based systems across 26 growing seasons (1979\u20132005) in the three agroecologies. We simulated two DLR systems (maize rotated with a groundnut/pigeonpea or soybean/pigeonpea intercrop), maize rotated with groundnut or soybean, maize intercropped with pigeonpea, and continuous maize under a range of N fertilizer inputs. We extended findings to the household level by determining calorie and protein yields of these systems, and calculating the chance that an average household could meet their food requirements by dedicating all available farmland to a given system. Simulated maize grain yields in DLR and maize-grain legume rotations were essentially equivalent, and exceeded yields in maize/pigeonpea intercrop and sole cropped maize receiving comparable fertility inputs. All rotation systems were more likely to meet household calorie and protein needs than other systems receiving equivalent inputs. DLR systems accumulated higher total soil C and N over time than traditional rotation systems in areas where pigeonpea performed well. However, the effects of improved soil fertility on maize yields were counterbalanced by factors including N immobilization and water availability. We conclude that where growing conditions allow, DLR can harness the complementary phenology of pigeonpea to build soil quality for the future without reducing maize yields or compromising household food production in the immediate term.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "legumes", "forage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Animal Science and Zoology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "intensification", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-11", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Precipitation Manipulation And Nitrogen Addition On Soil Properties In California Grassland And Shrubland", "description": "Abstract Soil microbial communities and pools of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) play an important role in ecosystem responses to precipitation variability and N deposition. In southern California, ecosystem vulnerability to these environmental change drivers may differ for grassland versus shrubland vegetation types. We hypothesized that (1) these vegetation types would differ in their responses to precipitation and N manipulation; (2) reduced precipitation (\u201cdrought treatment\u201d) would have a negative effect on soil microbial abundance and alter microbial community composition, (3) these changes would be associated with reductions in soil C and N pools, (4) N addition would increase microbial abundance as well as soil C and N pools, and (5) combined drought and N deposition would have offsetting effects on soil properties. We tested these hypotheses at the Loma Ridge Global Change Experiment in southern California. Across vegetation types, we found that microbial biomass based on phospholipid fatty acids declined with drought and N addition. Microbial composition differed more strongly by vegetation type than with environmental change treatments. Added precipitation had little effect on microbial biomass but reduced labile C and N pools; these reductions were mitigated by N addition. Drought reduced labile forms of soil C and N, whereas N addition increased labile soil C pools and all soil N pools. Negative effects of drought and N addition were additive for microbial biomass, which could inhibit soil C cycling if both of these environmental changes occur together. Drought interacted with N addition to significantly increase the most labile N pool under the drought\u00a0+\u00a0N treatment, which suggests a build-up of available N under these conditions. These results imply that multiple environmental changes may combine non-additively to affect below-ground microorganisms and soil C and N pools, which may have important consequences for ecosystem services such as productivity, biodiversity, and soil quality in Mediterranean climate regimes of North America.", "keywords": ["Veterinary and Food Sciences", "Soil Science", "Microbial communities", "Shrubland", "veterinary and food sciences", "Carbon and nitrogen cycle", "11. Sustainability", "Global change", "2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural", "Drought", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Ecology", "Forestry Sciences", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1p4898qc/qt1p4898qc.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-22", "title": "Net Ecosystem Production And Carbon Balance Of An Src Poplar Plantation During Its First Rotation", "description": "AbstractTo evaluate the potential of woody bioenergy crops as an alternative energy source, there is need for a more comprehensive understanding of their carbon cycling and their allocation patterns throughout the lifespan. We therefore quantified the net ecosystem production (NEP) of a poplar (Populus) short rotation coppice (SRC) culture in Flanders during its second growing season.Eddy covariance (EC) techniques were applied to obtain the annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of the plantation. Further, by applying a component-flux-based approach NEP was calculated as the difference between the modelled gross photosynthesis and the respiratory fluxes from foliage, stem and soil obtained via upscaling from chamber measurements. A combination of biomass sampling, inventories and upscaling techniques was used to determine NEP via a pool-change-based approach.Across the three approaches, the net carbon balance ranged from 96 to 199\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0y\u22121 indicating a significant net carbon uptake by the SRC culture. During the establishment year the SRC culture was a net source of carbon to the atmosphere, but already during the second growing season there was a significant net uptake. Both the component-flux-based and pool-change-based approaches resulted in higher values (47\u2013108%) than the EC-estimation of NEE, though the results were comparable considering the considerable and variable uncertainty levels involved in the different approaches. The efficient biomass production \u2013 with the highest part of the total carbon uptake allocated to the aboveground wood \u2013 led the poplars to counterbalance the soil carbon losses resulting from land use change in a short period of time.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "NEE", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "Physics", "Carbon pools", "Forestry", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Net primary production", "Carbon budget", "Populus", "Carbon fluxes", "Biology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Waste Management and Disposal", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biomass%20and%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.05.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-13", "title": "Land use change to bioenergy: A meta-analysis of soil carbon and GHG emissions", "description": "AbstractA systematic review and meta-analysis were used to assess the current state of knowledge and quantify the effects of land use change (LUC) to second generation (2G), non-food bioenergy crops on soil organic carbon (SOC) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of relevance to temperate zone agriculture. Following analysis from 138 original studies, transitions from arable to short rotation coppice (SRC, poplar or willow) or perennial grasses (mostly Miscanthus or switchgrass) resulted in increased SOC (+5.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.8% and +25.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.7% respectively). Transitions from grassland to SRC were broadly neutral (+3.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.6%), whilst grassland to perennial grass transitions and forest to SRC both showed a decrease in SOC (\u221210.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.3% and \u221211.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a023.4% respectively). There were insufficient paired data to conduct a strict meta-analysis for GHG emissions but summary figures of general trends in GHGs from 188 original studies revealed increased and decreased soil CO2 emissions following transition from forests and arable to perennial grasses. We demonstrate that significant knowledge gaps exist surrounding the effects of land use change to bioenergy on greenhouse gas balance, particularly for CH4. There is also large uncertainty in quantifying transitions from grasslands and transitions to short rotation forestry. A striking finding of this review is the lack of empirical studies that are available to validate modelled data. Given that models are extensively use in the development of bioenergy LCA and sustainability criteria, this is an area where further long-term data sets are required.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Willow", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "LCA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Forestry", "Miscanthus", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biofuel", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Waste Management and Disposal", "Poplar", "SRC"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/378038/1/1-s2.0-S0961953415001853-main.pdf__tid%253Dae1c90f6-134f-11e5-9791-00000aab0f6c%2526acdnat%253D1434367044_8be90627ca3e084fd6c7146ec3705d66"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.05.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biomass%20and%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.05.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.05.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.05.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-20", "title": "Evaluation and analysis of deep percolation losses of drip irrigated citrus crops under non-saline and saline conditions in a semi-arid area", "description": "In arid and semi-arid regions, irrigation management is important to avoid water loss by soil evaporation and deep percolation (DP). In this context, estimating the irrigation water demand has been investigated by many studies in the Haouz plain. However, DP losses beneath irrigated areas in the plain have not been quantified. To fill the gap, this study evaluated DP over two drip-irrigated citrus orchards (Agafay and Saada) using both water balance and direct fluxmeter measurement methods, and explored the simple FAO-56 approach to optimise irrigation in order to both avoid crop water stress and reduce DP losses in case of non-saline and saline soils. The experimental measurements determined different terms of the water balance by using an Eddy-Covariance system, fluxmeter, soil moisture sensors and a meteorological station. Using the water balance equation and fluxmeter measurements, results showed that about 37% and 45% of supplied water was lost by DP in Saada and Agafay sites, respectively. The main cause of DP losses was the mismatch between irrigation and the real crop water requirement. For Agafay site, it was found that increased over-irrigation had the effect of reducing soil salinity by leaching salts. The applied FAO-56 model suggested an optimal irrigation scheduling by taking into account both rainfall and soil salinity. The recommended irrigations could save about 39% of supplied water in non-saline soil at Saada and from 30% to 47% in saline soil at Agafay.", "keywords": ["Fluxmeter", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Irrigation scheduling", "6. Clean water", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "FAO-56 approach", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Water balance", "Saline soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biosystems%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-01", "title": "Dataset on physico-chemical characteristics of Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs) gathered from various European countries", "description": "Many activities generate organic wastes, including urban activities (e.g., biowaste, sewage sludge), industry (e.g. vinasse) and agriculture (e.g., livestock manure, crop residues). Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs) are secondary raw materials, i.e., wastes and residues from agriculture, municipalities or industry, which are either used as such or further processed with different technologies. The large variability in the raw materials and production technologies increases the diversity of EOM characteristics, which in turn affect their efficacy when applied to soils. The datapaper presents the database \u201cPhysico-chemical characteristics of Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs)\u201d which is available in the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969793). The database is a non-relational database in column format established in the framework of the EJP SOIL EOM4SOIL project, which aimed at establishing a database on EOM\u2019s characteristics. The database gathered EOM characteristics collected in national databases and surveys from 6 European countries, and completed by data published in scientific articles. It describes physico-chemical characteristics of 126 types of EOMs encompassing urban, industrial and agricultural origins (e.g. urine, biowastes, sewage sludge, farmyard manures) and 91 characteristics (e.g. major elements, trace metals, emerging organic contaminants, pathogens, potentially mineralised C and N). There is an average of about 20 variables collected per type of EOM. Preliminary description of the EOM characteristics database is proposed in the present datapaper using descriptive statistics. The characteristics of the 126 types of EOMs provide valuable insights that can help farmers, policymakers, and agricultural consultants to optimize the use of these materials in fertilization and soil amendment practices. This knowledge is essential for better management of EOM application practices by the farmers in order to increase soil carbon stocks and reduce the reliance on mineral fertilizers.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Science (General)", "Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics", "Digestate", "R858-859.7", "Compost", "Urine", "Sludge Urine", "Sludge", "Biochar", "Livestock manure", "Q1-390", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Composition", "Data Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Data%20in%20Brief", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a LAPSUS_LS \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 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