{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:55:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-12", "title": "Long-Term Integrated Soil Fertility Management In South-Western Nigeria: Crop Performance And Impact On The Soil Fertility Status", "description": "Crop response, tree biomass production and changes in soil fertility characteristics were monitored in a long-term (1986\u20132006) alley-cropping trial in Ibadan, Nigeria. The systems included two alley cropping systems with Leucaena leucocephala and Senna siamea on the one hand and a control (no-trees) system on the other hand, all cropped annually with a maize- cowpea rotation. All systems had a plus and minus fertilizer treatment. Over the years, the annual biomass return through tree prunings declined steadily, but more drastically for Leucaena than for Senna. In 2002, the nitrogen contribution from Leucaena residues stabilized at about 200 kg N/ha/year, while the corresponding value for Senna was about 160 kg N/ha/year. On average, the four Leucaena prunings were more equal in biomass as well as in amounts of N, P and cations, while the first Senna pruning was always contributing up to 60% of the annual biomass or nutrient return. Maize crop yields declined steadily in all treatments, but the least so in the Senna + fertilizer treatment where in 2002 still 2.2 t/ha of maize were obtained. Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency was usually higher in the Senna treatment compared to the control or the Leucaena treatment. Added benefits due to the combined use of fertilizer N and organic matter additions were observed only for the Senna treatment and only in the last 6 years. At all other times, they remained absent or were even negative in the Leucaena treatments for the first 3 years. Most chemical soil fertility parameters decreased in all the treatments, but less so in the alley cropping systems. The presence of trees had a positive effect on remaining carbon stocks, while they were reduced compared to the 1986 data. Trees had a positive effect on the maintenance of exchangeable cations in the top soil. Exchangeable Ca, Mg and K \u2013 and hence ECEC \u2013 were only slightly reduced after 16 years of cropping in the tree-based systems, and even increased in the Senna treatments. In the control treatments, values for all these parameters reduced to 50% or less of the original values after 20 years. All the above points to the Senna-based alley system with fertilizers as the more resilient one. This is reflected in all soil fertility parameters, in added benefits due to the combined use of fertilizer nitrogen and organic residue application and in a more stable maize yield over the years, averaging 2.8 t/ha with maximal deviations from the average not exceeding 21%.", "keywords": ["alley cropping", "0106 biological sciences", "added benefits", "fertilizers", "senna siamea", "yields", "dry matter content", "fertilidad del suelo", "maize", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen use efficiency", "cowpeas", "ma\u00edz", "zea mays", "vigna unguiculata", "propiedades f\u00edsico - qu\u00edmicas suelo", "aplicaci\u00f3n de abonos", "hedgerow", "fijaci\u00f3n del nitr\u00f3geno", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "caup\u00ed", "soil chemicophysical properties", "nutrient", "soil fertility", "fertilizer application", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "biomasa", "leucaena leucocephala", "nitrogen fixation", "cultivo entre l\u00edneas", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "rendimiento", "contenido de materia seca"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://ciat-library.ciat.cgiar.org/Articulos_Ciat/D2-PDF.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-005-0194-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-27", "title": "Carbon Accumulation In The Biomass And Soil Of Different Aged Secondary Forests In The Humid Tropics Of Costa Rica", "description": "Open AccessMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda, Costa Rica", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "NATURAL REGENERATION", "PLANTACIONES", "Carbon pools", "Tree plantations", "Biomass models", "ARBOLES", "NATURAL RESERVES", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "BIOMASS", "CARBON", "PLANTATIONS", "RESERVAS NATURALES", "Medio Ambiente", "REGENERACION NATURAL", "TREES", "CARBONO", "Succession age", "Natural regeneration", "BIOMASA"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-23", "title": "Biochar But Not Earthworms Enhances Rice Growth Through Increased Protein Turnover", "description": "The aim of this work was to compare the effects of biochar and earthworms on rice growth and to investigate the possible interactions between both. In addition to classic macroscopic variables we also monitored some leaf-level cellular processes involved in protein turnover. Both biochar and earthworms significantly increased shoot biomass production. However, biochar had a higher effect on the number of leaves (\u00fe87%) and earthworms on leaf area (\u00fe89%). Biochar also significantly increased the leaf turnover. At the cellular level, biochar but not earthworms enhanced protein catabolism by an increase in leaf proteolytic activities. This could be related to the increased expression of three of the six genes tested related to protein catabolism, one serine protease gene OsSP2 (\u00fe24%), one aspartic acid protease gene, Oryzasin (\u00fe162%) and one cysteine protease gene OsCatB (\u00fe257%). Furthermore, biochar also enhanced the expression level of two genes linked to protein anabolism, coding for the small and large subunits of rubisco (\u00fe33% and \u00fe30%, for rbcS and rbcL, respectively), the most abundant protein in leaves. In conclusion, our data gives evidence that biochar increased rice biomass production through increased leaf protein turnover (both catabolism and anabolism) whereas earthworms also increased rice biomass production but not through changes in the rate of protein turnover. We hypothesize that earthworms increase nitrogen uptake at a low cost for the plant through a simultaneous increase in mineralization rate and root biomass, probably through the release in the soil of plant growth factors. This could allow plants to accumulate more biomass without an increase in nitrogen metabolism at the leaf level, and without having to support the consecutive energy cost that must bear plants in the biochar treatment. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "earthworms", "FAUNE DU SOL", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "AZOTE", "PROTEINE", "CROISSANCE", "ETUDE COMPARATIVE", "lombriz de tierra", "2. Zero hunger", "BIOMASSE", "BIOCHAR", "biomass", "carbon", "microbiology", "MACROFAUNE", "CHARBON DE BOIS", "carbono", "RIZICULTURE", "biomasa", "oryza sativa", "METABOLISME", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "carb\u00f3n vegetal", "LOMBRIC", "FEUILLE", "charcoal"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kam-Rigne Laossi, Juan Andr\u00e9s Cardoso, Patrick Lavelle, Patrick Lavelle, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, M.H. Cruz de Carvalho, S\u00e9bastien Barot,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-10", "title": "Nitrogen Fertilizer Equivalencies Of Organics Of Differing Quality And Optimum Combination With Inorganic Nitrogen Source In Central Kenya", "description": "Decline in crop yields is a major problem facing smallholder farmers in Kenya and the entire Sub-Saharan region. This is attributed mainly to the mining of major nutrients due to continuous cropping without addition of adequate external nutrients. In most cases inorganic fertilizers are expensive, hence unaffordable to most smallholder farmers. Although organic nutrient sources are available, information about their potential use is scanty. A field experiment was set up in the sub-humid highlands of Kenya to establish the chemical fertilizer equivalency values of different organic materials based on their quality. The experiment consisted of maize plots to which freshly collected leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia), Senna spectabilis (senna) and Calliandra calothyrsus (calliandra) (all with %N>3) obtained from hedgerows grown ex situ (biomass transfer) and urea (inorganic nitrogen source) were applied. Results obtained for the cumulative above ground biomass yield for three seasons indicated that a combination of both organic and inorganic nutrient source gave higher maize biomass yield than when each was applied separately. Above ground biomass yield production in maize (t ha\u22121) from organic and inorganic fertilization was in the order of senna+urea (31.2), tithonia+urea (29.4), calliandra+urea (29.3), tithonia (28.6), senna (27.9), urea (27.4), calliandra (25.9), and control (22.5) for three cumulative seasons. On average, the three organic materials (calliandra, senna and tithonia) gave fertilizer equivalency values for the nitrogen contained in them of 50, 87 and 118%, respectively. It is therefore recommended that tithonia biomass be used in place of mineral fertilizer as a source of nitrogen. The high equivalency values can be attributed to the synergetic effects of nutrient supply, and improved moisture and soil physical conditions of the mulch. However, for sustainable agricultural production, combination with mineral fertilizer would be the best option.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic", "biomass", "N fertilizer equivalency", "yields", "abonos nitrogenados", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "maize", "N-sources", "6. Clean water", "ma\u00edz", "12. Responsible consumption", "Inorganic", "zea mays", "nitrogen fertilizers", "biomasa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic fertilizers", "inorganic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "rendimiento"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01464.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-04", "title": "Response Of Plant Species Richness And Primary Productivity In Shrublands Along A North-South Gradient In Europe To Seven Years Of Experimental Warming And Drought: Reductions In Primary Productivity In The Heat And Drought Year Of 2003", "description": "Abstract<p>We used a nonintrusive field experiment carried out at six sites \uffe2\uff80\uff93 Wales (UK), Denmark (DK), the Netherlands (NL), Hungary (HU), Sardinia (Italy \uffe2\uff80\uff93 IT), and Catalonia (Spain \uffe2\uff80\uff93 SP) \uffe2\uff80\uff93 along a climatic and latitudinal gradient to examine the response of plant species richness and primary productivity to warming and drought in shrubland ecosystems. The warming treatment raised the plot daily temperature by ca. 1 \uffc2\uffb0C, while the drought treatment led to a reduction in soil moisture at the peak of the growing season that ranged from 26% at the SP site to 82% in the NL site. During the 7 years the experiment lasted (1999\uffe2\uff80\uff932005), we used the pin\uffe2\uff80\uff90point method to measure the species composition of plant communities and plant biomass, litterfall, and shoot growth of the dominant plant species at each site. A significantly lower increase in the number of species pin\uffe2\uff80\uff90pointed per transect was found in the drought plots at the SP site, where the plant community was still in a process of recovering from a forest fire in 1994. No changes in species richness were found at the other sites, which were at a more mature and stable state of succession and, thus less liable to recruitment of new species. The relationship between annual biomass accumulation and temperature of the growing season was positive at the coldest site and negative at the warmest site. The warming treatment tended to increase the aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) at the northern sites. The relationship between annual biomass accumulation and soil moisture during the growing season was not significant at the wettest sites, but was positive at the driest sites. The drought treatment tended to reduce the ANPP in the NL, HU, IT, and SP sites. The responses to warming were very strongly related to the Gaussen aridity index (stronger responses the lower the aridity), whereas the responses to drought were not. Changes in the annual aboveground biomass accumulation, litterfall, and, thus, the ANPP, mirrored the interannual variation in climate conditions: the most outstanding change was a decrease in biomass accumulation and an increase in litterfall at most sites during the abnormally hot year of 2003. Species richness also tended to decrease in 2003 at all sites except the cold and wet UK site. Species\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific responses to warming were found in shoot growth: at the SP site, Globularia alypum was not affected, while the other dominant species, Erica multiflora, grew 30% more; at the UK site, Calluna vulgaris tended to grow more in the warming plots, while Empetrum nigrum tended to grow less. Drought treatment decreased plant growth in several studied species, although there were some species such as Pinus halepensis at the SP site or C. vulgaris at the UK site that were not affected. The magnitude of responses to warming and drought thus depended greatly on the differences between sites, years, and species and these multiple plant responses may be expected to have consequences at ecosystem and community level. Decreases in biodiversity and the increase in E. multiflora growth at the SP site as a response to warming challenge the assumption that sensitivity to warming may be less well developed at more southerly latitudes; likewise, the fact that one of the studied shrublands presented negative ANPP as a response to the 2003 heat wave also challenges the hypothesis that future climate warming will lead to an enhancement of plant growth and carbon sequestration in temperate ecosystems. Extreme events may thus change the general trend of increased productivity in response to warming in the colder sites.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Onada de calor", "arctic ecosystems", "Matorral", "drought", "Biomasa vegetal", "heathland", "global warming", "01 natural sciences", "Sequ\u00eda", "Productividad primaria neta", "Forest-steppe", "Gradiente Europea", "Climate change", "Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Cambio clim\u00e1tico", "net primary productivity", "evergreen mediterranean forest", "species richness", "litterfall", "biodiversity", "European gradient", "Plant growth", "2. Zero hunger", "Global warming", "terrestrial ecosystems", "phillyrea-latifolia", "Biodiversity", "Sequera", "Crecimiento de las plantas", "6. Clean water", "Net primary productivity", "climate change", "Brezal", "Biomassa vegetal", "climate-change", "heat wave", "Bosc-estepa", "environmental-change", "Litterfall", "Shrubland", "Biodiversidad", "soil", "Riquesa d'esp\u00e8cies", "forest-steppe", "Heat wave", "Bruguerar", "carbon-cycle", "Riqueza de especies", "quercus-ilex", "14. Life underwater", "plant biomass", "Hojarasca", "Plant biomass", "Drought", "Escalfament global", "plant growth", "15. Life on land", "biodiversity; climate change; global warming; plant community; primary production; shrubland; species richness", " Benelux; Catalonia; Central Europe; Denmark; Eurasia; Europe; Hungary; Italy; Netherlands; Northern Europe; Sardinia; Scandinavia; Southern Europe; Spain; United Kingdom; Wales; Western Europe", " Calluna; Calluna vulgaris; Empetrum nigrum; Erica multiflora; Globularia alypum; Pinus halepensis; Biodiversity; Climate change; Drought; European gradient; Forest-steppe; Global warming; Heat wave; Heathland; Litterfall; Net primary productivity; Plant biomass; Plant growth; Shrubland; Species richness", "Gradient Europea", "Biodiversitat", "Creixement de les plantes", "Productivitat prim\u00e0ria neta", "13. Climate action", "cistus-albidus", "Calentamiento global", "Bosque-estepa", "shrubland", "Fullaraca", "Heathland", "Species richness", "Ola de calor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01464.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01464.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01464.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01464.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:01:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-08", "description": "Open AccessEn este estudio se evalu\u00f3 la biomasa a\u00e9rea en seis diferentes sistemas agroforestales de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) asociado con especies forestales maderables y frutales\u00a0; con el prop\u00f3sito de conocer el potencial de captura de carbono por cada sistema. El estudio se realiz\u00f3 en dos diferentes sitios ubicados en la regi\u00f3n San Mart\u00edn (Provinces de San Mart\u00edn et Mariscal C\u00e1ceres). Los sistemas agroforestales estimados presentaron edades de 5, 12 y 20 a\u00f1os. En cada sistema se establecieron aleatoriamente cinco cuadrantes de 100 m2 cada uno, evalu\u00e1ndose la biomasa vegetal total existente. Para evaluar la ecuaci\u00f3n alom\u00e9trica del cacao se muestrearon 7 plantas cuyas edades variaron de 01 hasta 22 a\u00f1os. Loas resultados en captura de carbono en cada sistema agroforestal var\u00edan desde 26,2 t C ha-1para el sistema de Pachiza de 5 a\u00f1os hasta 45,07 t C ha-1del sistema agroforestal de Pachiza de 12 a\u00f1os\u00a0; As\u00ed mismo, la captura de carbono en biomasa arb\u00f3rea de los \u00e1rboles vivos, oscil\u00f3 desde 12,09 t ha-1 hasta 35,5 t ha-1, seguido por la biomasa de hojarasca que presentaron valores desde 4 t ha-1 hasta 9,97 t ha-1\u00a0; mientras la biomasa de \u00e1rboles muertos en pie y ca\u00eddos muertos presentaron valores muy variables y bajos. Los sistemas agroforestales de 12 y 20 a\u00f1os representan el 66,7% de los sistemas que presentan reservas de carbono por encima de los 40 t C ha-1\u00a0; mientras que los sistemas de 5 a\u00f1os se encuentran con reservas de carbono por debajo de los 30 t C ha-1. Los sistemas agroforestales de 5 a\u00f1os ubicados en Juanjui y Pachiza presentaron el mayor flujo de carbono anual, generando el mayor beneficio econ\u00f3mico con cr\u00e9ditos por CO2 equivalente.", "keywords": ["cacao", "sistemas agroforestales", "Horticulture", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Humanities", "Cocoa Production", "Carbono", "cr\u00e9ditos de C", "Agroforestry systems", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "Geography", "Life Sciences", "carbon credits", "FOS: Humanities", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Cacao Agroforestry Management and Conservation", "biomasa", "13. Climate action", "Theobroma", "CO\u00b2", "Art"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Concha, Juanita Y., Alegre, Julio C., Pocomucha, Vicente,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecolog%C3%ADa%20Aplicada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "name": "item", "description": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0717-92002012000100001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:02:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-06", "description": "To explore the forest harvest effects on biologically active fractions of soil organic matter dynamics, we evaluated soil total carbon (C-total) and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) concentrations, and basal soil respiration (BSR) in old-growth forest (as control) and logged stands (logged one- and 20-yrs ago) in two regions (dry and wet regions) in temperate forests of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mean C-total values were higher in the Dry region than in the Wet region. Greater mean annual precipitation resulted in consistently lower BSR, but had inconsistent effects on the SMBC in dependence upon annual rainfall in the sampling year. In the dry region SMBC was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season, and BSR was higher in soils collected in the rainy season than those collected in the dry season. Forest logging consistently decreased C-total and SMBC concentrations and BSR. In contrast, rainfall seasonality in the Wet region did not affect SMBC concentration or BSR. On the other hand, in this region, the main response to the forest thinning application was an increase in the concentration of C-total. Overall, we conclude that the soil carbon pools and the effects of forest thinning on the biologically active fractions of soil organic matter will vary, depending on the details of the site's annual rainfall amount.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "microbial biomass", "respiraci\u00f3n basal del suelo", "Basal soil respiration", "materia org\u00e1nica l\u00e1bil", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "biomasa microbiana", "sustainable forest management", "13. Climate action", "manejo forestal sostenible", "Agrociencias", "basal soil respiration", "labile soil organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92002012000100001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bosque%20%28Valdivia%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0717-92002012000100001", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0717-92002012000100001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0717-92002012000100001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5424/fs/2010193-8858", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:04:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-06", "description": "<p>It is becoming more and more common in the Mediterranean basin to guard against forest fires by creating wooded firebreak areas by reducing the overstory density, pruning the remaining trees and slash mulching. Nevertheless, very few attempts have been made to analyse the effect of this practice upon tree growth and the productivity of the understory plant species in semi-arid areas by following a well defined experimental design over any length of time. To remedy this lack of information, during the spring of 2005 we thinned the overstory in a semi-arid Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) afforestation in SE Spain (planted in the winter of 1993-1994) from an initial density of about 1,500 trees per ha according to three different thinning regimes. The annual growth data of each stand (diameter at breast height, canopy cover and basal area) were measured in randomly situated plots of 20 \uffc3\uff97 20 m and the above-ground biomass of understory plant species was also harvested from quadrats of 0.5 \uffc3\uff97 0.5 m during the early summers of 2005 to 2009. Our results showed a positive and significant response from trees in thinned stands compared to the controls, in spite of periods of low-rainfall and plague stress that unfortunately occurred during the study period. There were also statistical differences in understory biomass production within the different areas of overstory thinning as a response to the new conditions. Nevertheless, this biomass was only a small fraction of the total above-ground biomass of the afforestation, which was much higher in control plots. These tree responses and structural changes to the afforestation could be of great interest because of their implications for forest management in the context of global change in an area where increases in temperature and reductions and irregularity in precipitation, together with higher fire risks, are forecast.</p>", "keywords": ["SE Spain", "forest management", "wooded firebreak areas; normal diameter; understory biomass; SE Spain", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "understory biomass", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "normal diameter", "\u00e1reas cortafuegos", "di\u00e1metro normal", "biomasa del sotobosque", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "wooded firebreak areas", "\u00e1reas cortafuegos; di\u00e1metro normal; biomasa del sotobosque; SE Espa\u00f1a.", "SE Espa\u00f1a.", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2010193-8858"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5424/fs/2010193-8858", "name": "item", "description": "10.5424/fs/2010193-8858", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5424/fs/2010193-8858"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-04T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=BIOMASA&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=BIOMASA&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=BIOMASA&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=BIOMASA&offset=8", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 8, "numberReturned": 8, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-31T10:00:44.427846Z"}