{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00686.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-22", "title": "Nitrogen Dynamics In Oak Model Ecosystems Subjected To Air Warming And Drought On Two Different Soils", "description": "Abstract

Being tolerant to heat and drought, oaks are promising candidates for future forestry in view of climate change inCentralEurope. Air warming is expected to increase, and drought decrease soilNavailability and thusNsupply to trees. Here, we conducted a model ecosystem experiment, in which mixed stands of young oaks (Quercus robur,Q.\uffc2\uffa0petraeaandQ.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens) were grown on two different soils and subjected to four climate treatments during three growing seasons: air warming by 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C, drought periods (average precipitation reduction of 43\uffe2\uff80\uff9360%), a combination of these two treatments, and a control. In contrast to our hypotheses, neither air warming nor drought significantly affectedNavailability, whereas total amounts, vertical distribution and availability of soilNshowed substantial differences between the two soils. While air warming had no effect on tree growth andNaccumulation, the drought treatment reduced tree growth and increased, or tended to increase,Naccumulation in the reduced biomass, indicating that growth was not limited byN. Furthermore,15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelling revealed that this accumulation was associated with an increased uptake of nitrate. On the basis of our results, climate change effects onNdynamics are expected to be less important in oak stands than reduced soil water availability.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Hot Temperature", "Nitrogen", "Climate", "Rain", "Quercus petraea", "Nitrate", "Global Warming", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Quercus", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "Stress", " Physiological", "Climate change", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Nitrates", "Air", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "15N tracer", "Recovery rate", "Quercus pubescens", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Quercus robur", "Ammonium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00686.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00686.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00686.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00686.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01057.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-22", "title": "Effect Of Component Densities On The Productivity Of Soybean/Maize And Soybean/Sorghum Intercrop", "description": "Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during the wet seasons of 1986 and 1987 at the Yandev Agricultural Experiment Station to investigate the effects of component density on the yield of sorghum or maize intercropped with soybean. Seed yield of the monocrops of sorghum, maize and soybean were higher than the individual components in the intercrops. Yields of component crops in the intercrop varied significantly with the components population density. The sorghum/soybean intercrops which had LER (Land Equivalent Ratio) up to 1.40 in 1986 and 1.35 in 1987 were more productive than soybean/maize intercrop with maximum LER of 1.28 and 1.34 respectively during 1986 and 1987. Similarly the ATER (Area X Time Equivalent Ratio) of sorghum/soybean was greater than in soybean/maize. However, for maximum productivity of sorghum or maize intercropped with soybean, optimum population of one component crop plus 1/2 optimum population of the companion crop is recommended depending on which of the crop is regarded as main or minor crop.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T. O. Oseni, J. C. Norman, U. R. Pal,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01057.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agronomy%20and%20Crop%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01057.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01057.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01057.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02157.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-30", "title": "Soil Fertility And Fine Root Dynamics In Response To 4 Years Of Nutrient (N, P, K) Fertilization In A Lowland Tropical Moist Forest, Panama", "description": "Abstract

The question of how tropical trees cope with infertile soils has been challenging to address, in part, because fine root dynamics must be studiedin situ. We used annual fertilization with nitrogen (N as urea, 12.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921), phosphorus (P as superphosphate, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83P\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and potassium (K as KCl, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83K\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) within 38\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha of old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth lowland tropical moist forest in Panama and examined fine root dynamics with minirhizotron images. We expected that added P, above all, would (i) decrease fine root biomass but, (ii) have no impact on fine root turnover. Soil in the study area was moderately acidic (pH\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff835.28), had moderate concentrations of exchangeable base cations (13.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83cmol\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), low concentrations of Bray\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable phosphate (PO4\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff832.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and modest concentrations of KCl\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable nitrate (NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff835.0\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and KCl\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable ammonium (NH4\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff8315.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Added N increased concentrations of KCl\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable NO3and acidified the soil by one pH unit. Added P increased concentrations of Bray\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable PO4and P in the labile fraction. Concentrations of exchangeable K were elevated in K addition plots but reduced by N additions. Fine root dynamics responded to added K rather than added P. After 2 years, added K decreased fine root biomass from 330 to 275\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922. The turnover coefficient of fine roots <1\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm diameter ranged from 2.6 to 4.4 per year, and the largest values occurred in plots with added K. This study supported the view that biomass and dynamics of fine roots respond to soil nutrient availability in species\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich, lowland tropical moist forest. However, K rather than P elicited root responses. Fine roots smaller than 1\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm have a short lifetime (<140 days), and control of fine root production by nutrient availability in tropical forests deserves more study.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02157.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Austral%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02157.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02157.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02157.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2006.01116.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-22", "title": "The Role Of Intercropping Different Cereal Species In Controlling Lepidopteran Stemborers On Maize In Kenya", "description": "

Abstract:\uffe2\uff80\uff82 The effects of mixed cropping systems containing maize, sorghum, millet and beans on infestations of cereals by lepidopteran stemborers and on associated parasitoids, as well as on yields and land equivalent ratios (LER) were assessed during four consecutive rainy seasons at two sites in the semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid eastern region of Kenya. Systems containing the non\uffe2\uff80\uff90host bean were more efficient in reducing pest densities than those with millet or sorghum only. Higher parasitism in diversified systems compared to monocrops was due to density\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent effects rather than superior suitability of such systems to parasitoids. The maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93bean system, which had the highest proportion of bean plants, had LERs >1.65 while most other systems had LERs <1. It is concluded that mixed cropping with several cereal species has little advantages in terms of yield loss abatement due to stemborers and land use efficiency. However, including the drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant crops such as sorghum and millet in the system stabilizes food security in drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90prone areas such as eastern Kenya.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J. M. Songa, Nanqing Jiang, C. O. Omwega, Fritz Schulthess,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2006.01116.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2006.01116.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2006.01116.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2006.01116.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00628.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-25", "title": "Change In Soil Carbon Cycling For Stand Development Of Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica) Plantations Following Clear-Cutting", "description": "

Soil carbon cycling was studied in Japanese cedar plantations with different stand ages after clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting and was analyzed by a compartment model. The amount of biomass and the litterfall rate increased rapidly with the growth of Japanese cedar, which were approximated by a simple logistic function of stand age. The accumulation of A0 layer decreased from 21\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 to 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 during the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83years following clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting, and then recovered to nearly the same level as before clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting within 20\uffe2\uff80\uff83years after clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting, although the amount of soil carbon in the mineral soil recovered more than 40\uffe2\uff80\uff83years after clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting. The total and mineral soil respiration rates increased rapidly after clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting and gradually decreased in young stands and stabilized in old stands. The relative decomposition rate of the A0 layer and organic matters in mineral soil was high in the young stands because of the relatively high soil temperature rather than the soil moisture content. After the closing up of the canopy, the relative decomposition rates of the A0 layer and humus in the mineral soil stabilized at 0.14 to 0.16\uffe2\uff80\uff83y\uffe2\uff80\uff931 and 0.005 to 0.013\uffe2\uff80\uff83y\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. Consequently, soil carbon cycling was strongly affected by clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting. The amount of soil carbon rapidly decreased because of the cessation of litterfall and the increase of the relative decomposition rate of the A0 layer and humus, and recovered gradually to the level before clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting with the growth of the cedar plantation. The change in soil carbon cycling with stand development was partly caused by the change in soil temperature and moisture content but was mainly caused by the amount of cedar litterfall which changed significantly in the early stage of the stand following clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting, and became slower and leveled off in the late stage with stabilization of the environmental conditions and litterfall rate.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kaneyuki Nakane, Katsuyuki Shutou,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00628.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00628.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00628.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00628.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01334.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-02", "title": "Seasonal Drought And Dry-Season Irrigation Influence Leaf-Litter Nutrients And Soil Enzymes In A Moist, Lowland Forest In Panama", "description": "

Abstract\uffe2\uff80\uff83 Climatic conditions should not hinder nutrient release from decomposing leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90litter (mineralization) in the humid tropics, even though many tropical forests experience drought lasting from several weeks to months. We used a dry\uffe2\uff80\uff90season irrigation experiment to examine the effect of seasonal drought on nutrient concentrations in leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall and in decomposing leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90litter. In the experiment, soil in two 2.25\uffe2\uff80\uff90ha plots of old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth lowland moist forest on Barro Colorado Island, Republic of Panama, was watered to maintain soil water potential at or above field capacity throughout the 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90month dry season. Wet\uffe2\uff80\uff90season leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall had greater concentrations of nitrogen (N, 13.5\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and calcium (Ca, 15.6\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and lower concentrations of sulfur (S, 2.51\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and potassium (K, 3.03\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) than dry\uffe2\uff80\uff90season leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall (N\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa011.6\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921, Ca\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa013.6\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921, S\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa02.98\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921, K\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa05.70\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Irrigation did not affect nutrient concentrations or nutrient return from forest trees to the forest floor annually (N\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa018\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, phosphorus (P)\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa01.06\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, S\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa03.5\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, Ca\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa018.9\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, magnesium\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa06.5\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, K\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa05.7\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). Nutrient mineralization rates were much greater during the wet season than the dry season, except for K, which did not vary seasonally. Nutrient residence times in forest\uffe2\uff80\uff90floor material were longer in control plots than in irrigated plots, with values approximately equal to that for organic matter (210 in control plots vs 160 in irrigated plots). Calcium had the longest residence time. Forest\uffe2\uff80\uff90floor material collected at the transition between seasons and incubated with or without leaching in the laboratory did not display large pulses in nutrient availability. Rather, microorganisms immobilized nutrients primarily during the wet season, unlike observations in tropical forests with longer dry seasons. Large amounts of P moved among different pools in forest\uffe2\uff80\uff90floor material, apparently mediated by microorganisms. Arylsulfatase and phosphatase enzymes, which mineralize organically bound nutrients, had high activity throughout the dry season. Low soil moisture levels do not hinder nutrient cycling in this moist lowland forest.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01334.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Austral%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01334.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01334.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01334.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00030.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-26", "title": "Influence Of Sorghum/Maize/Cowpea Intercropping On The Insect Situation At Mbita/Kenya", "description": "Abstract

Field experiments on the influence of intercropping sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), maize (Zea mays L.), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) on insect pests were carried out from 1983 to 1985 at Mbita Research Station of the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) on the shores of Lake Victoria, South Nyanza, Kenya. During that period the shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff90fly (Atherigona soccata Rond.), various stem borers (Chilo partellus Swinhoe, Busseola fusca Fuller, Eldana saccharina Wlk., and Sesamia calamistis Hmps.) appeared on their appropriate host plants. In cowpeas thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, Hydatothrips adolfifriederici Karny) and aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) caused severe damage. Reduction in stem borer population was achieved by intercropping cereals with cowpea. Significant differences in thrips population on cowpea influorescences were counted: 2950 adults/100 buds in pure cowpea and 1701 adults/100 buds in a sorghum/cowpea/maize intercrop.

Zusammenfassung

Zum Einflu\uffc3\uff9f von Sorghum/Mais/Kundebohne\uffe2\uff80\uff90Mischanbau auf die Schadinsektensituation in Mbita, Kenia

An der Versuchsstation Mbita des International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) am Viktoriasee, S\uffc3\uffbcd\uffe2\uff80\uff90Nyanza/Kenia, wurden 1983\uffe2\uff80\uff931985 Untersuchungen zum Einflu\uffc3\uff9f von Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), Mais (Zea mays L.) und Kundebohnen (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) im Mischanbau auf Sch\uffc3\uffa4dlinge durchgef\uffc3\uffbchrt. W\uffc3\uffa4hrend dieser Zeit traten an Sorghum die Sch\uffc3\uffb6\uffc3\uff9flingsfliege (Atherigona soccata Rond.) und an beiden Getreidearten verschiedene Stengelbohrer (Chilo partellus Swinhoe, Busseola fusca Fuller, Eldana saccharina Wlk. und Sesamia calamistis Hmps.) auf. An Kundebohnen verursachten Thripse (Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, Hydatothrips adolfifriederici Karny) und Blattl\uffc3\uffa4use (Aphis craccivora Koch) starke Sch\uffc3\uffa4den. Eine deutliche Reduktion der Stengelbohrerpopulation wurde durch den Mischanbau von Getreide und Kundebohnen erreicht. Signifikante Unterschiede ergaben sich in der Thripspopulation an Kundebohnenbl\uffc3\uffbcten: 2950 Adulte/100 Knospen wurden in den Reinsaaten und 1701 Adulte/100 Knospen in den Mischkulturen aus Sorghum/Kundebohnen/Mais ausgez\uffc3\uffa4hlt.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "H. Hindorf, A. Dissemond,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00030.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00030.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00030.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00030.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1990-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01747.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-23", "title": "Plant-Mediated Effects Of Drought On Aphid Population Structure And Parasitoid Attack", "description": "Abstract

The effects of predicted climate change on aphid\uffe2\uff80\uff93natural enemy interactions have principally considered the effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration and air temperature. However, increased incidence of summer droughts are also predicted in Northern Europe, which could affect aphid\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interactions and aphid antagonists. We investigated how simulated summer drought affected the bird cherry\uffe2\uff80\uff93oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L., and its natural enemy the parasitoid wasp Aphidius ervi. Drought and, to a greater extent, aphids reduced barley ( Hordeum vulgare) dry mass by 33% and 39%, respectively. Drought reduced leaf and root nitrogen concentrations by 13% and 28%, respectively, but foliar amino acid concentrations and composition remained similar. Aphid numbers were unaffected by drought, but population demography changed significantly; adults constituted 41% of the population on drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated plants, but only 26% on those receiving ambient irrigation. Nymphs constituted 56% and 69% of the population on these plants, respectively, suggesting altered aphid development rates on drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90stressed plants. Parasitism rates were significantly lower on drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90stressed plants (9\uffc2\uffa0attacks\uffc2\uffa0h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 compared with 35 attacks h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 on ambient\uffe2\uff80\uff90irrigated plants), most likely because of lower incidence of nymphs and more adults, the latter being more difficult to parasitize. Any physiological changes in individual aphids did not affect parasitoid preferences, suggesting that attacks were postponed because of drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in aphid demography. This study demonstrates the potential for sporadic climate change events, such as summer drought, to be disruptive to herbivore\uffe2\uff80\uff93antagonist interactions.

", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "droughts", "Aphidius ervi", "820501 - Barley", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "climatic changes", "Rhopalosiphum padi", "13. Climate action", "060202 - Community Ecology", "Hordeum vulgare"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01747.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01747.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01747.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01747.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1442-8903.2006.00262.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-06", "title": "Bitou Bush Control (After Fire) In Bundjalung National Park On The New South Wales North Coast", "description": "

Bitou Bush has already invaded extensive coastal dunes in subtropical and temperate eastern Australia. Can it be treated at a large enough scale to make a difference? Results to date of a targeted aerial spraying program (applied after wildfire at Bundjalung National Park) are showing strong recovery of high conservation value dunal vegetation along 35 km of the northern New South Wales coastline.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Damien Hofmeyer, Jeff Thomas, Andrew S. Benwell,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2006.00262.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Management%20%26amp%3B%20Restoration", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1442-8903.2006.00262.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1442-8903.2006.00262.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2006.00262.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01124.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-17", "title": "Multiple Nutrients Limit Litterfall And Decomposition In A Tropical Forest", "description": "Abstract

To explore the importance of 12 elements in litter production and decomposition, we fertilized 36 1600\uffe2\uff80\uff83m2\uffe2\uff80\uff90plots with combinations of N, P, K, or micronutrients (i.e. B, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, S, Zn) for 6\uffe2\uff80\uff83years in a lowland Panamanian forest. The 90% of litter falling as leaves and twigs failed to increase with fertilization, but reproductive litter (fruits and flowers) increased by 43% with N. K enhanced cellulose decomposition; one or more micronutrients enhanced leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90litter decomposition; P enhanced both. Our results suggest tropical forests are a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90Liebig world of multiple nutrient limitations, with at least four elements shaping rates of litterfall and decomposition. Multiple metallomic enzymes and cofactors likely create gradients in the break down of leaf litter. Selection favours individuals that make more propagules, and even in an N\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich forest, N is a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90substitutable resource for reproduction.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Tropical Climate", "Nitrogen", "Potassium", "Phosphorus", "Micronutrients", "15. Life on land", "Cellulose", "Fertilizers", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01124.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01124.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01124.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01124.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01759.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-11", "title": "Direct And Indirect Effects Of Climate On Decomposition In Native Ecosystems From Central Argentina", "description": "

Abstract\uffe2\uff80\uff83Climate affects litter decomposition directly through temperature and moisture, determining the ecosystem potential decomposition, and indirectly through its effect on plant community composition and litter quality, determining litter potential decomposition. It would be expected that both the direct and indirect effects of climate on decomposition act in the same direction along gradients of actual evapotranspiration (AET). However, studies from semiarid ecosystems challenge this idea, suggesting that the climatic conditions that favour decomposition activity, and the consequent ecosystem potential decomposition, do not necessarily lead to litter being easier to decompose. We explored the decomposition patterns of four arid to subhumid native ecosystems with different AET in central\uffe2\uff80\uff90western Argentina and we analysed if ecosystem potential decomposition (climatic direct effect), nutrient availability and leaf litter potential decomposition (climatic indirect effect) all increased with AET. In general, the direct effect of climate (AET) on decomposition (i.e. ecosystem potential decomposition), showed a similar pattern to nutrient availability in soils (higher for xerophytic and mountain woodlands and lower for the other ecosystems), but different from the pattern of leaf litter potential decomposition. However, the range of variation in the ecosystem potential decomposition was much higher than the range of variation in litter potential decomposition, indicating that the direct effect of climate on decomposition was far stronger than the indirect effect through litter quality. Our results provide additional experimental evidence supporting the direct control of climate over decomposition, and therefore nutrient cycling. For the ecosystems considered, those with the highest AET are the ecosystems with the highest potential decomposition. But what is more interesting is that our results suggest that the indirect control of climate over decomposition through vegetation characteristics and decomposability does not follow the same trend as the direct effect of climate. This finding has important implications in the prediction of the effects of climate change on semiarid ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Gradients", "Arid Ecosystems", "Nutrients", "Litter Quality", "15. Life on land", "Actual Evapotranspiration", "Ionic Exchange Resins", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01759.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Austral%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01759.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01759.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01759.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00635.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-16", "title": "Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity For Dependent Animal Communities", "description": "Abstract

While population genetic diversity has broad application in species conservation, no studies have examined the community\uffe2\uff80\uff90level consequences of this diversity. We show that population genetic diversity (generated by interspecific hybridization) in a dominant riparian tree affects an arthropod community composed of 207 species. In an experimental garden, plant cross type structured the arthropod community of individual trees, and among stands in the wild, plant genetic diversity accounted for nearly 60% of the variation in arthropod diversity. While previous experimental garden studies have demonstrated the effects of plant genotype on arthropod communities, our study extends these findings from individual trees in an experimental garden to natural stands of cottonwoods where plant population genetic diversity was a significant factor structuring arthropod diversity. These findings argue that the preservation of genetic diversity in a dominant species is far more important than previously realized, and may be particularly important in hybridizing systems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00635.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00635.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00635.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00635.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-08-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-22", "title": "Enhanced Root Exudation Induces Microbial Feedbacks To N Cycling In A Pine Forest Under Long-Term Co2 Fumigation", "description": "

Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 187\uffe2\uff80\uff93194

Abstract

The degree to which rising atmospheric CO2 will be offset by carbon (C) sequestration in forests depends in part on the capacity of trees and soil microbes to make physiological adjustments that can alleviate resource limitation. Here, we show for the first time that mature trees exposed to CO2 enrichment increase the release of soluble C from roots to soil, and that such increases are coupled to the accelerated turnover of nitrogen (N) pools in the rhizosphere. Over the course of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, we measured in situ rates of root exudation from 420 intact loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) roots. Trees fumigated with elevated CO2 (200 p.p.m.v. over background) increased exudation rates (\uffce\uffbcg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83root\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) by 55% during the primary growing season, leading to a 50% annual increase in dissolved organic inputs to fumigated forest soils. These increases in root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C were positively correlated with microbial release of extracellular enzymes involved in breakdown of organic N (R2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.66; P\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.006) in the rhizosphere, indicating that exudation stimulated microbial activity and accelerated the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) turnover. In support of this conclusion, trees exposed to both elevated CO2 and N fertilization did not increase exudation rates and had reduced enzyme activities in the rhizosphere. Collectively, our results provide field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based empirical support suggesting that sustained growth responses of forests to elevated CO2 in low fertility soils are maintained by enhanced rates of microbial activity and N cycling fuelled by inputs of root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C. To the extent that increases in exudation also stimulate SOM decomposition, such changes may prevent soil C accumulation in forest ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Plant Exudates", "Pinus taeda", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon Dioxide", "01 natural sciences", "Plant Roots", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Rhizosphere", "North Carolina", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-14", "title": "Global Negative Vegetation Feedback To Climate Warming Responses Of Leaf Litter Decomposition Rates In Cold Biomes", "description": "Abstract

Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the first quantitative analysis of the major climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change\uffe2\uff80\uff90related drivers of litter decomposition rates in cold northern biomes worldwide. Leaf litters collected from the predominant species in 33 global change manipulation experiments in circum\uffe2\uff80\uff90arctic\uffe2\uff80\uff90alpine ecosystems were incubated simultaneously in two contrasting arctic life zones. We demonstrate that longer\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale changes to leaf litter decomposition will be driven primarily by both direct warming effects and concomitant shifts in plant growth form composition, with a much smaller role for changes in litter quality within species. Specifically, the ongoing warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced expansion of shrubs with recalcitrant leaf litter across cold biomes would constitute a negative feedback to global warming. Depending on the strength of other (previously reported) positive feedbacks of shrub expansion on soil carbon turnover, this may partly counteract direct warming enhancement of litter decomposition.

", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Sweden", "0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Plant Development", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Cold Climate", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Alpine; carbon; circum-arctic; global change; growth form; litter turnover; mass loss; vegetation change.", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-02", "title": "Thermal Adaptation Of Soil Microbial Respiration To Elevated Temperature", "description": "Abstract

In the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term heterotrophic soil respiration is strongly and positively related to temperature. In the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, its response to temperature is uncertain. One reason for this is because in field experiments increases in respiration due to warming are relatively short\uffe2\uff80\uff90lived. The explanations proposed for this ephemeral response include depletion of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling, soil carbon pools and thermal adaptation of microbial respiration. Using a >\uffe2\uff80\uff8315\uffe2\uff80\uff83year soil warming experiment in a mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude forest, we show that the apparent \uffe2\uff80\uff98acclimation\uffe2\uff80\uff99 of soil respiration at the ecosystem scale results from combined effects of reductions in soil carbon pools and microbial biomass, and thermal adaptation of microbial respiration. Mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific respiration rates were lower when seasonal temperatures were higher, suggesting that rate reductions under experimental warming likely occurred through temperature\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in the microbial community. Our results imply that stimulatory effects of global temperature rise on soil respiration rates may be lower than currently predicted.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Hot Temperature", "Physiological", "adaptation", "carbon cycling", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "climate warming", "thermal biology", "Soil", "Biomass", "Adaptation", "Soil Microbiology", "Evolutionary Biology", "Ecology", "temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "Climate Action", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Ecological Applications", "Regression Analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Seasons", "microbial community", "Acclimation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1kz5j4pn/qt1kz5j4pn.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-23", "title": "Shrub Encroachment Can Reverse Desertification In Semi-Arid Mediterranean Grasslands", "description": "Abstract

The worldwide phenomenon of shrub encroachment in grass\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated dryland ecosystems is commonly associated with desertification. Studies of the purported desertification effects associated with shrub encroachment are often restricted to relatively few study areas, and document a narrow range of possible impacts upon biota and ecosystem processes. We conducted a study in degraded Mediterranean grasslands dominated by Stipa tenacissima to simultaneously evaluate the effects of shrub encroachment on the structure and composition of multiple biotic community components, and on various indicators of ecosystem function. Shrub encroachment enhanced vascular plant richness, biomass of fungi, actinomycetes and other bacteria, and was linked with greater soil fertility and N mineralization rates. While shrub encroachment may be a widespread phenomenon in drylands, an interpretation that this is an expression of desertification is not universal. Our results suggest that shrub establishment may be an important step in the reversal of desertification processes in the Mediterranean region.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Mediterranean Region", "Shrub encroachment", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Stipa tenacissima", "Semi-arid", "13. Climate action", "Ecosystem functioning", "Desert Climate", "Plant successional dynamics", "Global change", "Desertification", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-12", "title": "Introduced Grazers Can Restrict Potential Soil Carbon Sequestration Through Impacts On Plant Community Composition", "description": "

Ecology Letters(2010) 13: 959\uffe2\uff80\uff93968

Abstract

Grazing occurs over a third of the earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s land surface and may potentially influence the storage of 109Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921of greenhouse gases as soil C. Displacement of native herbivores by high densities of livestock has often led to overgrazing and soil C loss. However, it remains unknown whether matching livestock densities to those of native herbivores can yield equivalent soil C sequestration. In the Trans\uffe2\uff80\uff90Himalayas we found that, despite comparable grazing intensities, watersheds converted to pastoralism had 49% lower soil C than watersheds which retain native herbivores. Experimental grazer\uffe2\uff80\uff90exclusion within each watershed type, show that this difference appears to be driven by indirect effects of livestock diet selection, leading to vegetation shifts that lower plant production and reduce likely soil C inputs from vegetation byc.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83gC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Our results suggest that while accounting for direct impacts (stocking density) is a major step, managing indirect impacts on vegetation composition are equally important in influencing soil C sequestration in grazing ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Greenhouse Effect", "Population Density", "0106 biological sciences", "Plant Development", "Biodiversity", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Diet", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", " Domestic", "Animals", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sumanta Bagchi, Mark E. Ritchie,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01547.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-15", "title": "Soil Fungal Pathogens And The Relationship Between Plant Diversity And Productivity", "description": "One robust result from many small-scale experiments has been that plant community productivity often increases with increasing plant diversity. Most frequently, resource-based or competitive interactions are thought to drive this positive diversity-productivity relationship. Here, we ask whether suppression of plant productivity by soil fungal pathogens might also drive a positive diversity-productivity relationship. We created plant assemblages that varied in diversity and crossed this with a \u00b1 soil fungicide treatment. In control (non-fungicide treated) assemblages there was a strong positive relationship between plant diversity and above-ground plant biomass. However, in fungicide-treated assemblages this relationship disappeared. This occurred because fungicide increased plant production by an average of 141% at the lower ends of diversity but boosted production by an average of only 33% at the higher ends of diversity, essentially flattening the diversity-productivity curve. These results suggest that soil pathogens might be a heretofore unappreciated driver of diversity-productivity relationships.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Host-Pathogen Interactions", "Fungi", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biodiversity", "Biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01547.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01547.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01547.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01547.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-10", "title": "Forest Productivity Under Elevated Co2 And O3: Positive Feedbacks To Soil N Cycling Sustain Decade-Long Net Primary Productivity Enhancement By Co2", "description": "The accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere, and hence the rate of climate warming, is sensitive to stimulation of plant growth by higher concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Here, we synthesise data from a field experiment in which three developing northern forest communities have been exposed to factorial combinations of elevated CO2 and O3. Enhanced net primary productivity (NPP) (c. 26% increase) under elevated CO2 was sustained by greater root exploration of soil for growth-limiting N, as well as more rapid rates of litter decomposition and microbial N release during decay. Despite initial declines in forest productivity under elevated O3, compensatory growth of O3-tolerant individuals resulted in equivalent NPP under ambient and elevated O3. After a decade, NPP has remained enhanced under elevated CO2 and has recovered under elevated O3 by mechanisms that remain un-calibrated or not considered in coupled climate-biogeochemical models simulating interactions between the global C cycle and climate warming.", "keywords": ["Forest Productivity", "0106 biological sciences", "N\u2010Cycle Feedbacks", "Elevated CO 2", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "Elevated O 3", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global C Cycle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00253.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-19", "title": "Effects Of Altitude On Aphid-Mediated Processes In The Canopy Of Norway Spruce", "description": "

Abstract\uffe2\uff80\uff83 1\uffe2\uff80\uff82The abundance of aphids and their honeydew are important in shaping the ecology of food web interactions and nutrient cycling in forests of Norway spruce. Here, the effects of the different environmental conditions at two study sites located at different altitudes (500\uffe2\uff80\uff83m, 765\uffe2\uff80\uff83m a.s.l.), in the Fichtelgebirge, north\uffe2\uff80\uff90eastern Bavaria, Germany, on the abundance of Cinara pilicornis and their influence on epiphytic microorganisms on shoots of Picea abies were compared. Subsequent changes in throughfall fluxes were measured over a period of 12\uffe2\uff80\uff83weeks beneath infested and reference trees. In a laboratory experiment, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on microbial mortality and C and N concentrations in leachates were determined.

2\uffe2\uff80\uff82The warmer and drier conditions at the low altitude site favoured an early onset to aphid multiplication in spring compared with the high altitude site, where aphid numbers peaked 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83weeks later.

3\uffe2\uff80\uff82The presence of honeydew was associated with a significant increase in the total number of cultured epiphytic filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria in 12 of the 18 sample units, indicating better culturability or growth, whereas altitude had no significant effect on cultured cell numbers. By contrast to the reference trees, the high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and hexose\uffe2\uff80\uff90C fluxes beneath infested trees at the peak in aphid abundance, in June and July, resulted in a concomitant decrease in the fluxes of total inorganic nitrogen beneath infested trees (low altitude: \uffe2\uff88\uff9219.7%; high altitude: \uffe2\uff88\uff9252.3%). Fluxes of organic nitrogen were significantly higher beneath infested trees at the time of infestation. Similarly, potassium fluxes in throughfall increased 1.6\uffe2\uff80\uff932.0\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold in response to aphid infestation.

4\uffe2\uff80\uff82The exposure of infested and uninfested shoots of Norway spruce to UV\uffe2\uff80\uff90A and UV\uffe2\uff80\uff90B radiation only weakly affected epiphytic microbial mortality and did not affect the concentrations of the different nitrogen compound in leachates. However, bacteria, tended to be more active in the leachates collected from infested shoots, which resulted in the higher concentrations of aminosugar\uffe2\uff80\uff90N. The aphids had a more pronounced effect on the concentrations of DOC in leachates, with average DOC concentrations being 4.2\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold higher than in leachates from uninfested shoots.

5\uffe2\uff80\uff82It is suggested that, even at very low densities, aphids exert a strong influence via honeydew on the performance of microorganisms, and nutrient and energy flow, in spruce forests.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Eva M\u00fchlenberg, Bernhard Stadler, Bernhard Stadler,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00253.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00253.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00253.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00253.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-02", "title": "Effect Of Cropping Systems On Cereal Stemborers In The Cool-Wet And Semi-Arid Ecozones Of The Amhara Region Of Ethiopia", "description": "Abstract

1\uffe2\uff80\uff82Field experiments were conducted on maize and sorghum at three locations in the Amhara state of Ethiopia to determine the effects of mixed cropping on stemborer infestation, borer natural enemies and grain yields. In the cool\uffe2\uff80\uff90wet ecozone of western Amhara, sole maize was compared with maize intercropped with faba bean, mustard, potatoes and cowpea. In the semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid ecozone of eastern Amhara, the trial was conducted on both maize and sorghum with the companion crops haricot bean, sesame, cowpea and sweet potatoes.

2\uffe2\uff80\uff82The results showed that the predominant borer species in western and eastern Amhara were, respectively, Busseola fusca and Chilo partellus. In Addis Zemen, western Amhara, maize intercropped with mustard and potatoes had significantly lower pest numbers and percent tunnelling than other intercrops and the maize monocrop during the vegetative stage. In eastern Amhara, the cropping system did not significantly affect pest densities but damage to stem, ear or heads tended to be greatest when cereals were intercropped with sweet potatoes.

3\uffe2\uff80\uff82Parasitism of C. partellus by the braconid Cotesia flavipes was greater on maize than sorghum, and on maize it was greater with sweet potatoes than in other intercrops or sole maize. Cocoon mass number per plant did not vary significantly between treatments.

4\uffe2\uff80\uff82There were significant differences between treatments in yields of both sorghum and maize (per plant and per unit area) with the lowest yields observed when they were intercropped with a tuber crop.

5\uffe2\uff80\uff82The results suggest that simultaneous planting of the crop species selected has little advantage over monocropped maize.

", "keywords": ["Cool-wet and semi-arid ecozones", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "571", "Intercrops", "Stemborers", "Natural enemies", "Maize and sorghum", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Amhara", "Borer damage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kairu, E. W., Wale, M., Schulthess, F., Omwega, C. O.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1467-9493.1995.tb00069.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-26", "title": "Fallow And Fertility Under Subsistence Cultivation In The Papua New Guinea Highlands: Ii. Soil Fertility", "description": "ABSTRACT

The farming regime of the Wola people of Nipa District in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea features the cultivation of some land semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90permanently under non\uffe2\uff80\uff90perennial crops within the broad context of a swidden regime. An investigation of the fertility status of the soils they cultivate \uffe2\uff80\uff94Inceptisols variably affected by falls of volcanic ash \uffe2\uff80\uff94 suggests how these farmers avoid the soil constraints that might otherwise prompt long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term fallowing of sites under such a tropical subsistence agricultural regime. While organic matter and the elements N and K all decline significantly with time under cultivation, they settle at new equilibria which may not signify deficiencies for some crops. The other major nutrient P also falls significantly over time, although levels are relatively low throughout. Other nutrients show no significant variation. These findings comply with the wide variety of crops observed under cultivation early in the life of gardens, followed later by a virtual sweet potato mono\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop. This crop is able to continue yielding adequately in the long term, following a decline in nutrient availability, notably because they remain in favourable ratios for tuberisation and because of its tolerance of low P conditions.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Paul Sillitoe", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9493.1995.tb00069.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Singapore%20Journal%20of%20Tropical%20Geography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1467-9493.1995.tb00069.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1467-9493.1995.tb00069.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1467-9493.1995.tb00069.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01357.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-21", "title": "Tree Canopies Explain Fire Effects On Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Carbon In A Savanna Ecosystem", "description": "AbstractQuestions

What are the independent and interactive effects of fire and tree canopies on soil nutrient and C pools in savannas? Does fire differentially affect total and labile pools of C and N? How do these effects differ between nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor, broad\uffe2\uff80\uff90leaved savannas on sandy soils of granitic origin, and nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich, fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90leaved savannas on clay\uffe2\uff80\uff90enriched basalts?

Location

Kruger National Park, South Africa.

Methods

We investigated long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of fire and tree canopies on total soil C and N, labile C, plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90available N and P, and acid phosphatase enzymes at two sites in Kruger National Park, one on granitic and one on basaltic soil. We sampled soils from plots that form part of a 50\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr landscape\uffe2\uff80\uff90level controlled burning experiment. In addition to the two soil types, we sampled across three burning treatments (no burns, annual burns and triennial burns) in replicated blocks, both under and between tree canopies.

Results

There was little evidence for direct effects of fire on any of the variables tested on either soil type, with the exception of C mineralization rates on basalt, which suggested a smaller pool of labile C in frequently burned than in unburned plots. Tree canopies were positively associated with sizes of total and labile soil pools of N and C, and negatively associated with plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90available P, particularly on nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich basalts.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that variation in tree canopy cover is the dominant biotic driver of soil N, P and C dynamics in these savanna systems, despite the frequent occurrence of fire. Given the negative effects of fire on size of individual trees in this ecosystem, this suggests that the role of fire on nutrient cycling may be mediated primarily through its effects on canopy cover. This effect is likely to be magnified in nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich savannas where tree canopy effects on soil nutrient dynamics are strongest.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michelle C. Mack, Ricardo M. Holdo, Ricardo M. Holdo, Stephen G. Arnold,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01357.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01357.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01357.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01357.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03989.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-29", "title": "Interactions Between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi And Foliar-Feeding Insects In Plantago-Lanceolata L", "description": "summary

A field experiment was conducted to investigate whether infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has any effect on herbivory by foliar\uffe2\uff80\uff90feeding insects. Plantsof PI ant ago laureolataL. were grown in a randomized block design and natural levels of mycorrhizal infection reduced by the application of the granular fungicide iprodione. Plant growth responses were examined and herbivore bioassays performed by rearing both a chewing and sucking insect on the leaves of mycorrhizal and fungicide\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated plants.

Fungicide application successfully reduced mycorrhizal infection, and this led to reductions in foliar biomass, caused by lower leaf number. However, fungicide\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated plants suffered consistently higher levels of damage by centralist chewing and leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90mining insects, which colonized the plants. The chewing insect bioassay confirmed the field results, in that larvae ofArttia cajaL. (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) consumed more leaf material from plants in which infection was reduced.

There was no evidence that AM fungi altered food quality for the chewing insect. Instead, infection caused an increase in the carbon/nutrient balance, which in turn led to increased levels of the carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff90based feeding deterrents, aucubin and catalpol,

The sucking insect,Mvzus perskae(Sulzer) reacted in an opposite fashion to the ehewtr. with performance being greater on mycorrhizal plants. Again, there was no evidence that an alteration in food Quality was the cause, and in this case infection may result in changes in leaf morphology which benefit the insect.

We suggest that under conditions of high light and low nutrient availability. AM infection can alter the carbon/nutrient balance of plants, leading to an increased allocation to carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff90based defences. This can have important consequences for insect herbivore performance and the patterns of herbivory in field situations.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alan C. Gange, H. M. West,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03989.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03989.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03989.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03989.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-29", "title": "Atmospheric Co2, Soil Nitrogen And Turnover Of Fine Roots", "description": "summary

In most natural ecosystems a significant portion of carbon fixed through photosynthesis is allocated to the production and maintenance of fine roots, the ephemeral portion of the root system that absorbs growth\uffe2\uff80\uff90limiting moisture and nutrients. In turn, senescence of fine roots can be the greatest source of C input to forest soils. Consequently, important questions in ecology entail the extent to which increasing atmospheric CO2may alter the allocation of carbon to, and demography of, fine roots. Using microvideo and image analysis technology, we demonstrate that elevated atmospheric CO2increases the rates of both fine root production and mortality. Rates of root mortality also increased substantially as soil nitrogen availability increased, regardless of CO2concentration. Nitrogen greatly influenced the proportional allocation of carbon to leaves vs. fine roots. The amount of available nitrogen in the soil appears to be the most important factor regulating fine root demography inPopulustrees.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Atmospheric CO 2", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "Turnover", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon Allocation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01452.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-23", "title": "Four Years Of Simulated Climate Change Reduces Above-Ground Productivity And Alters Functional Diversity In A Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "AbstractQuestions

How does above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground grassland biomass production respond to change in multiple climate drivers over a 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr period? Can climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced patterns of biomass response be explained by shifts in plant community structure? Does sustained climate change affect the relationships between abundance of functional groups, community\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale leaf traits and above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground production?

Location

Perennial grassland in the French Massif Central.

Methods

Monoliths extracted from the study grassland were exposed to a simulated climate change corresponding to the air temperature, atmospheric CO 2 and summer rainfall conditions projected for 2080. We examined impacts of climate treatments on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass and community structure for 4\uffc2\uffa0yr, and investigated the relationship between biomass production, species diversity and three key functional traits: specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content and leaf N content.

Results

Both warming and simultaneous application of warming, summer drought and elevated CO 2 were associated with an increase in annual above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass at the start of the study, but biomass responses became progressively negative over the course of the experiment. Decreases in vegetation N exports were also observed over time, possibly due to reduced soil N availability under climate change. Taxonomic diversity showed no response to climate treatments, but the relative abundance of grasses decreased under both warming and simultaneous application of warming, summer drought and elevated CO 2 after 3\uffc2\uffa0yr. In parallel, legume relative abundance increased in all warmed treatments. Functional diversity responses varied depending on climate treatment and leaf trait. In the control treatment, patterns of variation in annual plant biomass were best explained by functional diversity during the study period. However, in warmed treatments, variation in annual plant biomass was more closely linked to the functional traits of dominant species.

Conclusions

Continuous, multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90year exposure to projected climate conditions has a negative impact on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass in our grassland study system. Our data suggest that climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced decreases in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass may be driven by changes in the relative abundance of plant functional groups, and could also reflect changes in soil nutrient availability. Unlike species diversity, community\uffe2\uff80\uff90level leaf traits and functional diversity appear to play an important role for above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass production, and may have indirect effects on ecosystem stability in changing climates.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant biomass", "Drought", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Air warming", "Plant functional traits", "Community composition", "Elevated CO2", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01452.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01452.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01452.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01452.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02836.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-02", "title": "Dispersal, Germination And Early Establishment Of Halophytes And Glycophytes On A Grazed And Abandoned Salt-Marsh Gradient", "description": "Summary

In a study of an abandoned salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh on Schiermonnikoog in the Netherlands, including an area where cattle grazing had been resumed, it was discovered that upper salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh and dune species did not spread to the lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh. Glass\uffe2\uff80\uff90house experiments, carried out on germination and dry matter production under increasing salinities, suggested that the high salinity of the lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh was an important factor. On a grazed area of formerly abandoned salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh, lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh species spread to the upper salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh and dune. This could be partly due to the better germination of lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh species than upper salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh and dune species, since the salinity of the uppermost cm was higher temporarily and locally in the grazed than in the abandoned salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh. The canopy structure determining the amount of light reaching the soil also seemed to be an important factor enabling lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh species to spread. In experiments, in which seeds of different taxa were sown into vegetation, lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh species became established, particularly in the grazed area. The results of glass\uffe2\uff80\uff90house experiments, on germination and dry matter production under a range of light intensities, were consistent with studies of early establishment in upper salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh and dune species in both the grazed and abandoned areas. Tidal seed dispersal resulted in the occurrence of lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh species in the seed bank and seedling populations in the low and open canopy of the grazed upper salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh and dune. Seed transport by cattle and geese could be important in the dispersal of some halophytes of the lower salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90marsh.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jan Bakker, Martijn Dijkstra, P. T. Russchen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02836.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02836.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02836.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02836.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1985-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-29", "title": "Response Of Red Alder Seedlings To Co2 Enrichment And Water-Stress", "description": "summary

Red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) is a nitrogen\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixing pioneer tree species of the Pacific Northwest of North America. We investigated the response of different seed sources of red alder to elevated atmospheric CO2 and to varied levels of water stress. Seeds were stratified, germinated and grown for up to 147 d under ambient (350 //.I I\uffe2\uff88\uff921) or elevated (700 ftl I\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2.

There were no significant interactions of seed source latitude with either treatment, although seedlings from more northerly sources were larger. Elevated CO2 and low moisture stress resulted in larger plants with more leaf area; effects of the two factors appeared additive. Effects of both factors on biomass allocation, including root: shoot ratios, were small or nonsignificant. Elevated CO2 decreased specific nitrogenase activity and generally increased photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (g). The ratio A: g, potential water use efficiency, also increased when plants were under water stress. Elevated CO2 appears to improve drought tolerance in red alder.

Overall, these results indicate that red alder would benefit in total plant growth from increased ambient CO2 and could tolerate changes in precipitation.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chih-Hao Niu, Samuel S. Chan, David E. Hibbs, Michael A. Castellano,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03058.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-29", "title": "Increased Growth Efficiency Of Quercus-Alba Trees In A Co2-Enriched Atmosphere", "description": "summary

Forests have a prominent role in the global carbon cycle, but their response to a changing atmosphere cannot be measured directly. Experimental observations of small trees in CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90enriched atmospheres must be interpreted carefully if they are to be relevant to the potential responses of forest trees. We grew1white oak (Quercus albaL.) saplings for four complete growing seasons in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers with different partial pressures of atmospheric CO2White oak saplings produced 58% more dry mass in 50 Pa CO2and 135% more in 65 Pa, compared with plants in ambient (35 Pa) CO2Although this result might suggest a substantial potential for increased carbon storage in forests, the large difference in growth rate could be attributed to a stimulation of growth very early in the experiment. There was not a sustained effect of C2on relative growth rate after the first year, and the increased absolute growth rate could persist only so long as leaf area could increase, a condition that would not occur indefinitely in a forest. Nevertheless, annual stem wood production per unit area (growth efficiency) was 37 %, greater in elevated CO2. This increase in growth efficiency, a response that is consistent across diverse studies, implies a potential increase in carbon sequestration by forests, subject to critical assumptions about forest canopy development in a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90enriched atmosphere

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03058.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03058.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03058.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03058.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-28", "title": "Response Of An Understory Plant Community To Elevated [Co2] Depends On Differential Responses Of Dominant Invasive Species And Is Mediated By Soil Water Availability", "description": "\u2022\u2002 Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations are likely to have direct effects on terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we describe effects of elevated concentrations of CO2 on an understory plant community in terms of production and community composition. \u2022\u2002 In 2001 and 2002 total and species-specific above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) were estimated by harvesting above-ground biomass within an understory community receiving ambient [CO2 ] and elevated [CO2 ] at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) facility. \u2022\u2002 During a wet year, community composition differed between plots receiving ambient [CO2 ] and elevated [CO2 ], but total ANPP did not differ. By contrast, during a drier year, community composition did not differ, but total ANPP was greater in elevated than ambient [CO2 ] plots. These patterns were driven by the response of two codominant species, Lonicera japonica and Microstegium vimineum, both considered invasive species in the south-eastern United States. The ANPP of L. japonica was consistently greater under elevated [CO2 ], whereas the response of M. vimineum to CO2 enrichment differed between years and mediated total community response. \u2022\u2002 These data suggest that community and species responses to a future, CO2 -enriched atmosphere may be mediated by other environmental factors and will depend on individual species responses.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "CO2 enrichment", "understory communities", "Microstegium vimineum", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Lonicera japonica", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "invasive species"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Belote, R, Weltzen, J, Norby, R,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Co2 Enrichment And Warming Of The Atmosphere Enhance Both Productivity And Mortality Of Maple Tree Fine Roots", "description": "Summary \u2022 Fine roots are the key link for plant water and nutrient uptake, soil carbon (C) input and soil microbial activity in forest ecosystems, and play a critical role in regulating ecosystem C balance and its response to global change. \u2022 Red maple ( Acer rubrum ) and sugar maple ( Acer saccharum ) seedlings were grown for four growing seasons in open-top chambers and exposed to ambient or elevated carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] in combination with ambient or elevated temperature. Fine-root production and mortality were monitored using minirhizotrons, and root biomass was determined from soil cores. \u2022 Both elevated [CO 2 ] and temperature significantly enhanced production and mortality of fine roots during spring and summer of 1996. At the end of the experiment in September 1997, fine root biomass was significantly lower in elevated temperature chambers, but there were no effects of elevated [CO 2 ] or the interactions between elevated [CO 2 ] and temperature. \u2022 Deciduous trees have dynamic root systems, and their activity can be enhanced by CO 2 enrichment and climatic warming. Static measures of root response, such as soil core data, obscure the dynamic nature, which is critical for understanding the response of forest C cycling to global change.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Evaluating Ecosystem Responses To Rising Atmospheric Co2 And Global Warming In A Multi-Factor World", "description": "Summary

Analyses of ecosystem responses to global change must embrace the reality of multiple, interacting environmental factors. Ecosystem models demonstrate the importance of examining the combined effects of the gradually rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the climatic change that attends it. Models to forecast future changes need data support to be useful, and data\uffe2\uff80\uff93model fusion has become essential in global change research. There is a wealth of information on plant responses to CO2 and temperature, but there have been few ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale experiments investigating the combined or interactive effects of CO2 enrichment and warming. Factorial experiments to investigate interactions can be difficult to design, conduct, and interpret, and their results may not support predictions at the ecosystem scale \uffe2\uff80\uff93 in the context of global change they will always be case studies. An alternative approach is to gain a thorough understanding of the modes of action of single factors, and rely on our understanding (as represented in models) to inform us of the probable interactions. Multifactor (CO2\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0temperature) experiments remain important, however, for testing concepts, demonstrating the reality of multiple\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor influences, and reminding us that surprises can be expected.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-05", "title": "Legume Species Identity And Soil Nitrogen Supply Determine Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixation Responses To Elevated Atmospheric [Co2]", "description": "In nitrogen (N)-limited systems, the response of symbiotic N fixation to elevated atmospheric [CO2] may be an important determinant of ecosystem responses to this global change. Experimental tests of the effects of elevated [CO2] have not been consistent. Although rarely tested, differences among legume species and N supply may be important. In a field free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment, we determined, for four legume species, whether the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2] on symbiotic N fixation depended on soil N availability or species identity. Natural abundance and pool-dilution 15N methods were used to estimate N fixation. Although N addition did, in general, decrease N fixation, contrary to theoretical predictions, elevated [CO2] did not universally increase N fixation. Rather, the effect of elevated [CO2] on N fixation was positive, neutral or negative, depending on the species and N addition. Our results suggest that legume species identity and N supply are critical factors in determining symbiotic N-fixation responses to increased atmospheric [CO2].", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "Minnesota", "Fabaceae", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Nitrogen Fixation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Symbiosis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-25", "title": "Antecedent Moisture And Seasonal Precipitation Influence The Response Of Canopy-Scale Carbon And Water Exchange To Rainfall Pulses In A Semi-Arid Grassland", "description": "The influences of prior monsoon-season drought (PMSD) and the seasonal timing of episodic rainfall ('pulses') on carbon and water exchange in water-limited ecosystems are poorly quantified. *In the present study, we estimated net ecosystem exchange of CO(2) (NEE) and evapotranspiration (ET) before, and for 15 d following, experimental irrigation in a semi-arid grassland during June and August 2003. Rainout shelters near Tucson, Arizona, USA, were positioned on contrasting soils (clay and sand) and planted with native (Heteropogon contortus) or non-native invasive (Eragrostis lehmanniana) C4 bunchgrasses. Plots received increased ('wet') or decreased ('dry') monsoon-season (July-September) rainfall during 2002 and 2003. Following a June 2003 39-mm pulse, species treatments had similar NEE and ET dynamics including 15-d integrated NEE (NEE(pulse)). Contrary to predictions, PMSD increased net C uptake during June in plots of both species. Greater flux rates after an August 2003 39-mm pulse reflected biotic activity associated with the North American Monsoon. Furthermore, August NEE(pulse) and ecosystem pulse-use efficiency (PUE(e) = NEE(pulse)/ET(pulse)) was greatest in Heteropogon plots. PMSD and rainfall seasonal timing may interact with bunchgrass invasions to alter NEE and ET dynamics with consequences for PUE(e) in water-limited ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Climate", "Rain", "Arizona", "Water", "Plant Transpiration", "Carbon Dioxide", "Eragrostis", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Data Interpretation", " Statistical", "Seasons", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.17529", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-04", "title": "Common mechanisms explain nitrogen-dependent growth of Arctic shrubs over three decades despite heterogeneous trends and declines in soil nitrogen availability", "description": "Summary

Heterogeneity has been observed in the responses of Arctic shrubs to climate variability over recent decades, which may reflect landscape\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale variability in belowground resources. At a northern fringe of tall shrub expansion (Yuribei, Yamal Peninsula, Russia), we sought to determine the mechanisms relating nitrogen (N) limitation to shrub growth over decadal time.

We analysed the ratio of 15N to 14N isotopes in wood rings of 10 Salix lanata individuals (399 measurements) to reconstruct annual point\uffe2\uff80\uff90based bioavailable N between 1980 and 2013. We applied a model\uffe2\uff80\uff90fitting/model\uffe2\uff80\uff90selection approach with a suite of competing ecological models to assess the most\uffe2\uff80\uff90likely mechanisms that explain each shrub\uffe2\uff80\uff99s individual time\uffe2\uff80\uff90series.

Shrub \uffce\uffb415N time\uffe2\uff80\uff90series indicated declining (seven shrubs), increasing (two shrubs) and no trend (one shrub) in N availability. The most appropriate model for all shrubs included N\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent growth of linear rather than saturating form. Inclusion of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks better explained ring width and \uffce\uffb415N for eight of 10 individuals.

Although N trajectories were individualistic, common mechanisms of varying strength confirmed the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependency of shrub growth. The linear mechanism may reflect intense scavenging of scarce N; the importance of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks suggests that shrubs subvert the microbial bottleneck by actively controlling their environment.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Soil", "Arctic Regions", "Nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "Climate", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.17529"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17529"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.17529", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.17529", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.17529"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Relationships Between Needle Nitrogen Concentration And Photosynthetic Responses Of Douglas-Fir Seedlings To Elevated Co2 And Temperature", "description": "Summary \u2022 Here we examined correlations between needle nitrogen concentration ([N]) and photosynthetic responses of Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) seedlings to growth in elevated temperatures and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO 2 ]). \u2022 Seedlings were grown in sunlit, climate-controlled chambers at ambient or ambient +3.5 \u00b0 C and ambient or ambient +180 \u00b5mol mol \u2212 1 CO 2 in a full factorial design. Photosynthetic parameters and needle [N] were measured six times over a 21-month period. \u2022 Needle [N] varied seasonally, and accounted for 30\u201050% of the variation in photosynthetic parameters. Across measurement periods, elevated temperature increased needle [N] by 26% and light-saturated net photosynthetic rates by 17%. Elevated [CO 2 ] decreased needle [N] by 12%, and reduced net photosynthetic rates measured at a common [CO 2 ], maximum carboxylation activity ( V c,max ) and electron transport capacity ( J max ), indicating photosynthetic acclimatization. Even so, elevated [CO 2 ] enhanced net photosynthesis, and this effect increased with needle [N]. \u2022 These results suggest that needle [N] may regulate photosynthetic responses of Douglas-fir to climate change. Further, needle [N] may be altered by climate change. However, effects of elevated [CO 2 ] on photosynthesis may be similar across growth temperatures.", "keywords": ["Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0106 biological sciences", "Douglas fir -- Growth", "13. Climate action", "Botany", "Acclimatization (Plants)", "Atmospheric carbon dioxide -- Physiological effect", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-02", "title": "Tropospheric O3 Compromises Net Primary Production In Young Stands Of Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch And Sugar Maple In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Concentrations of atmospheric CO(2) and tropospheric ozone (O(3)) are rising concurrently in the atmosphere, with potentially antagonistic effects on forest net primary production (NPP) and implications for terrestrial carbon sequestration. Using free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technology, we exposed north-temperate forest communities to concentrations of CO(2) and O(3) predicted for the year 2050 for the first 7 yr of stand development. Site-specific allometric equations were applied to annual nondestructive growth measurements to estimate above- and below-ground biomass and NPP for each year of the experiment. Relative to the control, elevated CO(2) increased total biomass 25, 45 and 60% in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-maple communities, respectively. Tropospheric O(3) caused 23, 13 and 14% reductions in total biomass relative to the control in the respective communities. Combined fumigation resulted in total biomass response of -7.8, +8.4 and +24.3% relative to the control in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-sugar maple communities, respectively. These results indicate that exposure to even moderate levels of O(3) significantly reduce the capacity of NPP to respond to elevated CO(2) in some forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "aspen", "carbon dioxide", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "pollution", "Biomass", "Forest Sciences", "global change", "Betula", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kurt S. Pregitzer, Mark E. Kubiske, David F. Karnosky, George R. Hendrey, John S. King, John S. King, Christian P. Giardina, Vanessa S. Quinn, Evan P. McDonald,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02290.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-04", "title": "Altered ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles by plant invasion: a meta-analysis", "description": "Plant invasion potentially alters ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. However, the overall direction and magnitude of such alterations are poorly quantified. Here, 94 experimental studies were synthesized, using a meta-analysis approach, to quantify the changes of 20 variables associated with C and N cycles, including their pools, fluxes, and other related parameters in response to plant invasion. Pool variables showed significant changes in invaded ecosystems relative to native ecosystems, ranging from a 5% increase in root carbon stock to a 133% increase in shoot C stock. Flux variables, such as above-ground net primary production and litter decomposition, increased by 50-120% in invaded ecosystems, compared with native ones. Plant N concentration, soil NH+4 and NO-3 concentrations were 40, 30 and 17% higher in invaded than in native ecosystems, respectively. Increases in plant production and soil N availability indicate that there was positive feedback between plant invasion and C and N cycles in invaded ecosystems. Invasions by woody and N-fixing plants tended to have greater impacts on C and N cycles than those by herbaceous and nonN-fixing plants, respectively. The responses to plant invasion are not different among forests, grasslands, and wetlands. All of these changes suggest that plant invasion profoundly influences ecosystem processes.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02290.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02290.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02290.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02290.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-05", "title": "Co2enrichment Increases Carbon And Nitrogen Input From Fine Roots In A Deciduous Forest", "description": "* Greater fine-root production under elevated [CO2] may increase the input of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to the soil profile because fine root populations turn over quickly in forested ecosystems. * Here, the effect of elevated [CO)] was assessed on root biomass and N inputs at several soil depths by combining a long-term minirhizotron dataset with continuous, root-specific measurements of root mass and [N]. The experiment was conducted in a CO(2)-enriched sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) plantation. * CO2) enrichment had no effect on root tissue density or [N] within a given diameter class. Root biomass production and standing crop were doubled under elevated [CO2]. Though fine-root turnover declined under elevated [CO2], fine-root mortality was also nearly doubled under CO2 enrichment. Over 9 yr, root mortality resulted in 681 g m(-2) of extra C and 9 g m(-2) of extra N input to the soil system under elevated [CO2]. At least half of these inputs were below 30 cm soil depth. * Increased C and N input to the soil under CO2 enrichment, especially below 30 cm depth, might alter soil C storage and N mineralization. Future research should focus on quantifying root decomposition dynamics and C and N mineralization deeper in the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Liquidambar", "North America", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02643.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-09", "title": "Precipitation Timing And Magnitude Differentially Affect Aboveground Annual Net Primary Productivity In Three Perennial Species In A Chihuahuan Desert Grassland", "description": "

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02695.xCommentary p 5

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "aboveground annual net primary productivity (ANPP)", "desert grasslands", "Rain", "global climate change", "Chihuahuan desert", "Opuntia", "precipitation", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "Texas", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Liliaceae", "Biomass", "Desert Climate"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02643.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02643.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02643.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02643.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-12-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Shifts In Plant Respiration And Carbon Use Efficiency At A Large-Scale Drought Experiment In The Eastern Amazon", "description": "

Featured paper: See Editorial p553

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "550", "plant community", "carbon fixation", "Carbon use efficiency", "Cell Respiration", "Amazon rain forest", "drought", "Gross primary productivity", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "metabolism Amazon rain forest", "Trees", "Soil", "cell respiration", "Keywords: carbon", "partitioning", "Ecosystem", "ecosystem", "Carbon cycling", "Drought", "Bacteria", "article", "carbon dioxide", "net primary production", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "bacterium", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Net primary productivity", "Droughts", "carbon flux", "Carbon dioxide", "rainforest", "respiration", "Partitioning", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/5/f5625xPUB78382010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/7/01_Metcalfe_Shifts_in_plant_respiration_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-19", "title": "Drought Alters Carbon Fluxes In Alpine Snowbed Ecosystems Through Contrasting Impacts On Graminoids And Forbs", "description": "\u2022 Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of drought events in alpine ecosystems with the potential to affect carbon turnover. \u2022 We removed intact turfs from a Nardus stricta alpine snowbed community and subjected half of them to two drought events of 8 d duration under controlled conditions. Leachate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured throughout the 6 wk study period, and a (13)CO(2) pulse enabled quantification of fluxes of recent assimilate into shoots, roots and leachate and ecosystem CO(2) exchange. \u2022 The amount of DOC in leachate from droughted cores was 62% less than in controls. Drought reduced graminoid biomass, increased forb biomass, had no effect on bryophytes, and led to an overall decrease in total above-ground biomass compared with controls. Net CO(2) exchange, gross photosynthesis and the amount of (13)CO(2) fixed were all significantly less in droughted turfs. These turfs also retained proportionally more (13)C in shoots, allocated less (13)C to roots, and the amount of dissolved organic (13)C recovered in leachate was 57% less than in controls. \u2022 Our data show that drought events can have significant impacts on ecosystem carbon fluxes, and that the principal mechanism behind this is probably changes in the relative abundance of forbs and grasses.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "leachate", "Carbon Isotopes", "Nardus stricta", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "net CO2 exchange", "dissolved organic carbon", "01 natural sciences", "plant diversity", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Snow", "13CO(2)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-08", "title": "Seven Years Of Carbon Dioxide Enrichment, Nitrogen Fertilization And Plant Diversity Influence Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In A Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "\u2022 We tested the prediction that the abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are influenced by resource availability and plant community composition by examining the joint effects of carbon dioxide (CO(2) ) enrichment, nitrogen (N) fertilization and plant diversity on AM fungi. \u2022 We quantified AM fungal spores and extramatrical hyphae in 176 plots after 7 yr of treatment with all combinations of ambient or elevated CO(2) (368 or 560 ppm), with or without N fertilization (0 or 4 g Nm(-2) ), and one (monoculture) or 16 host plant species (polyculture) in the BioCON field experiment at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Minnesota, USA. \u2022 Extramatrical hyphal lengths were increased by CO(2) enrichment, whereas AM spore abundance decreased with N fertilization. Spore abundance, morphotype richness and extramatrical hyphal lengths were all greater in monoculture plots. A structural equation model showed AM fungal biovolume was most influenced by CO(2) enrichment, plant community composition and plant richness, whereas spore richness was most influenced by fungal biovolume, plant community composition and plant richness. \u2022 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi responded to differences in host community and resource availability, suggesting that mycorrhizal functions, such as carbon sequestration and soil stability, will be affected by global change.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Minnesota", "Hyphae", "Poaceae", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Soil", "Mycorrhizae", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "grassland ecology", "grasslands", "carbon dioxide", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Spores", " Fungal", "15. Life on land", "plant diversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-20", "title": "Growth And Community Responses Of Alpine Dwarf Shrubs To In Situ Co2 Enrichment And Soil Warming", "description": "Summary \u2022Rising CO2 concentrations and the associated global warming are expected to have large impacts on high-elevation ecosystems, yet long-term multifactor experiments in these environments are rare. \u2022We investigated how growth of dominant dwarf shrub species (Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium gaultherioides and Empetrum hermaphroditum) and community composition in the understorey of larch and pine trees responded to 9\u00a0yr of CO2 enrichment and 3\u00a0yr of soil warming at the treeline in the Swiss Alps. \u2022Vaccinium myrtillus was the only species that showed a clear positive effect of CO2 on growth, with no decline over time in the annual shoot growth response. Soil warming stimulated V. myrtillus growth even more than elevated CO2 and was accompanied by increased plant-available soil nitrogen (N) and leaf N concentrations. Growth of Vaccinium gaultherioides and E. hermaphroditum was not influenced by warming. Vascular plant species richness declined in elevated CO2 plots with larch, while the number of moss and lichen species decreased under warming. \u2022Ongoing environmental change could lead to less diverse plant communities and increased dominance of the particularly responsive V. myrtillus in the studied alpine treeline. These changes are the consequence of independent CO2 and soil warming effects, a result that should facilitate predictive modelling approaches.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-11", "title": "Regional And Local Patterns Of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Diversity And Community Structure Along An Altitudinal Gradient In The Hyrcanian Forests Of Northern Iran", "description": "Summary

Altitudinal gradients strongly affect the diversity of plants and animals, yet little is known about the altitudinal effects on the distribution of microorganisms, including ectomycorrhizal fungi.

By combining morphological and molecular identification methods, we addressed the relative effects of altitude, temperature, precipitation, host community and soil nutrient concentrations on species richness and community composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi in one of the last remaining temperate old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth forests in Eurasia.

Molecular analyses revealed 367 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi along three altitudinal transects. Species richness declined monotonically with increasing altitude. Host species and altitude were the main drivers of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community composition at both the local and regional scales. The mean annual temperature and precipitation were strongly correlated with altitude and accounted for the observed patterns of richness and community.

The decline of ectomycorrhizal fungal richness with increasing altitude is consistent with the general altitudinal richness patterns of macroorganisms. Low environmental energy reduces the competitive ability of rare species and thus has a negative effect on the richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Because of multicollinearity with altitude, the direct effects of climatic variables and their seasonality warrant further investigation at the regional and continental scales.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Geography", "Altitude", "Climate", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Biodiversity", "Iran", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Mycorrhizae", "Least-Squares Analysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04256.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-13", "title": "Litter Stoichiometric Traits Of Plant Species Of High-Latitude Ecosystems Show High Responsiveness To Global Change Without Causing Strong Variation In Litter Decomposition", "description": "\u2022 High-latitude ecosystems are important carbon accumulators, mainly as a result of low decomposition rates of litter and soil organic matter. We investigated whether global change impacts on litter decomposition rates are constrained by litter stoichiometry. \u2022 Thereto, we investigated the interspecific natural variation in litter stoichiometric traits (LSTs) in high-latitude ecosystems, and compared it with climate change-induced LST variation measured in the Meeting of Litters (MOL) experiment. This experiment includes leaf litters originating from 33 circumpolar and high-altitude global change experiments. Two-year decomposition rates of litters from these experiments were measured earlier in two common litter beds in sub-Arctic Sweden. \u2022 Response ratios of LSTs in plants of high-latitude ecosystems in the global change treatments showed a three-fold variation, and this was in the same range as the natural variation among species. However, response ratios of decomposition were about an order of magnitude lower than those of litter carbon/nitrogen ratios. \u2022 This implies that litter stoichiometry does not constrain the response of plant litter decomposition to global change. We suggest that responsiveness is rather constrained by the less responsive traits of the Plant Economics Spectrum of litter decomposability, such as lignin and dry matter content and specific leaf area.", "keywords": ["Sweden", "0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Altitude", "Climate Change", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "Quantitative Trait", " Heritable", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04256.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04256.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04256.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04256.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Arable Crop Rotations: Effects Of Location, Manure And Catch Crop", "description": "Nitrate leaching from crop rotations supporting organic grain production was investigated from 1997 to 2000 in a field experiment at three locations in Denmark on different soil types. Three experimental factors were included in the experiment in a factorial design: (1) proportion of N2-fixing crops in the rotation (crop rotation), (2) catch crop (with and without), and (3) manure (with and without). Three, four-course rotations were compared, two at each location. The nitrate leaching was measured using ceramic suction cells. Leaching losses from the crop rotation with grass\u2013clover green manure and without catch crops were 104, 54 and 35 kgNha21 yr21 on the coarse sand, the loamy sand, and the sandy loam, respectively. There was no effect of manure application or time of ploughing-in the grass\u2013clover green manure crop on the accumulated nitrate leaching from the entire rotation. Catch crops reduced nitrate leaching significantly, by 30\u201338%, on the sandy soils. At all locations catch crops reduced the annual averaged nitrate concentration to meet drinking water quality standards in the crop rotation with green manure. On the coarse sand there was a time lag between the onset of drainage and the start of N-uptake by the catch crop.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Production systems", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. Askegaard, M. Askegaard, J.E. Olesen, K. Kristensen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-13", "title": "Competition Between Native Populus Deltoides And Invasive Tamarix Ramosissima And The Implications For Reestablishing Flooding Disturbance", "description": "

Abstract: Changes in historical disturbance regimes have been shown to facilitate non\uffe2\uff80\uff90native plant invasions, but reinstatement of disturbance can be successful only if native colonizers are able to outcompete colonizing invasives. Reintroduction of flooding in the southwestern United States is being promoted as a means of reestablishing Populus deltoides subsp. wislizenii, but flooding can also promote establishment of an introduced, invasive species, Tamarix ramosissima. We investigated competition between Populus and Tamarix at the seedling stage to aid in characterizing the process by which Tamarix may invade and to determine the potential ability of Populus to establish itself with competitive pressure from Tamarix. We planted seedlings of Tamarix and Populus in five ratios at three densities for a total of 15 treatments. The growth response of each species was measured in terms of height, above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass, and tissue concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous. These measurements across treatments were modeled as three\uffe2\uff80\uff90dimensional response surfaces. For both species, Populus density was more important than Tamarix density for determining growth response. Both species were negatively affected by increasing numbers of Populus seedlings. Due to the larger size of the native Populus, we predict that its superior competitive ability can lead to its dominance when conditions allow native establishment. Our results suggest that even in the presence of an invader that positively responds to disturbance, reestablishment of historical flooding regimes and post\uffe2\uff80\uff90flood hydrology can restore this ecosystem by promoting its dominant plant species.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Conservation%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-12-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00064.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-15", "title": "Hydrologic, Edaphic, And Vegetative Responses To Microtopographic Reestablishment In A Restored Wetland", "description": "Abstract

Microtopography is a characteristic feature of many natural wetlands that is commonly lacking in restored wetlands (RWs). Consequently, it has been suggested that microtopography must be reestablished in RWs to accelerate the development of wetland function. The objective of this research was to examine responses of hydrology, soils, and vegetation to microtopographic reestablishment at a 3\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old RW site in North Carolina. Microtopography was reestablished by configuring hummocks (mounds) and hollows (depressions), on otherwise level terrain (flats) of intermediate elevation. For most of the 2003 growing season, mean water table depths were below the soil surface in the flats and 10 cm above the soil surface in the hollows. Analysis of variance revealed significant microtopography by time interactions for soil temperature (p< 0.05) and moisture (p< 0.001), indicating that differences between zones were not consistent throughout the growing season. Hummocks had significantly higher nitrate (p< 0.0001) and ammonium (p= 0.001) than flats and hollows for most of the growing season. Differences in microbial biomass carbon and denitrification enzyme activity across the microtopographic zones were not detected. Plant species richness was significantly different (p< 0.001) across the microtopographic zones, with hummocks < hollows < flats. Flats supported the greatest numbers of wetland species. Aboveground biomass differed significantly (p< 0.001) across the microtopographic zones and followed a different pattern than richness: hummocks < flats < hollows, owing to the growth of emergent wetland herbs in hollows.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00064.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Restoration%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00064.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00064.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00064.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1526-100x.2008.00421.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-28", "title": "Seasonal Effects Of Four Control Methods On The Invasive Morrow'S Honeysuckle (Lonicera Morrowii) And Initial Responses Of Understory Plants In A Southwestern Pennsylvania Old Field", "description": "Abstract

The first step in restoration often involves the removal of invasive plants, but few studies have determined if the response of plant communities matches management goals. The shrub Morrow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii Gray) is one of a suite of exotic bush honeysuckle species that have become pervasive woody invaders in eastern North America. In 2004, we tested four control methods (cut, mechanical removal, stump application of glyphosate, and foliar application of glyphosate) during late spring and early autumn within a degraded meadow at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Our restoration goals are to control Morrow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s honeysuckle, restore native vegetation, and mimic the conditions present in the mid\uffe2\uff80\uff901700s. We established forty\uffe2\uff80\uff90five 5 \uffc3\uff97 5\uffe2\uff80\uff93m plots to measure woody species; five plots of each treatment method were treated in spring, whereas the remaining five were treated in autumn. We maintained five control plots. Before control, mean density of Morrow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s honeysuckle was 67,920 \uffc2\uffb1 4,480 shrubs/ha. Foliar application of herbicide and mechanical removal were most effective at reducing the number of shrubs (\uffe2\uff89\uffa562%). Overall, our treatments were less successful (26\uffe2\uff80\uff9368% reduction) than reported control efforts of other bush honeysuckle species; the sheer number of shrubs coupled with their open habitat made control efforts difficult. Spring treatments, particularly cut and mechanical treatments, had higher metrics of herbaceous community quality. However, continued restoration efforts, including follow\uffe2\uff80\uff90up treatments, White\uffe2\uff80\uff90tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) control, and the planting of native seeds and saplings, should be employed to favor the establishment of native seedlings and herbs.

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