{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "0515739d9e03c40a437c287ece478832", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:13:49Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 6 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Successful raceme formation", "keywords": ["Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/0515739d9e03c40a437c287ece478832"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0515739d9e03c40a437c287ece478832", "name": "item", "description": "0515739d9e03c40a437c287ece478832", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0515739d9e03c40a437c287ece478832"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0acd9a1fdfc46a90c7ba4feaee4af826", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:13:52Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 2 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Census dates", "keywords": ["Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/0acd9a1fdfc46a90c7ba4feaee4af826"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0acd9a1fdfc46a90c7ba4feaee4af826", "name": "item", "description": "0acd9a1fdfc46a90c7ba4feaee4af826", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0acd9a1fdfc46a90c7ba4feaee4af826"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-10", "title": "Effect Of The Exotic Invasive Plant Solidago Gigantea On Soil Phosphorus Status", "description": "Invasions by exotic plant species can modify biogeochemical cycles and soil properties. We tested whether invasion by early goldenrod (Solidago gigantea, Asteraceae) modifies soil phosphorus pools at three sites in Belgium. Aboveground phytomass and soil samples (0\u201310 cm) were collected in early goldenrod patches and in adjacent, uninvaded, grassland vegetation. Soil P fractions varied between the three sites in line with corresponding differences in organic matter, carbonate and clay contents. In addition to site-specific impacts, plots invaded by goldenrods generally had higher concentrations of labile P [i.e. resin-extractable inorganic P (Pi) and bicarbonate-extractable Pi and organic P]. Soil CO2 release and alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterase activities were also higher in invaded plots, suggesting that the increase in labile Pi was due to enhanced mineralization. Phosphorus uptake by vegetation was 1.7\u20132.1 times higher in invaded plots, mostly due to the higher annual yield of S. gigantea. Altogether, the results indicate that S. gigantea enhances P turnover rates in invaded ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "ESPECE ALLOGENE", "SOL", "INVASION", "PHOSPHORE", "MINERALISATION", "INTRODUCTION D'ESPECES", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Sciences bio-m\u00e9dicales et agricoles", "PLANTE", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Sequential phosphorus fractionation", "Soil phosphorus availability", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "AZOTE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Early goldenrod", "Ecologie [v\u00e9g\u00e9tale]", "ESPECE ENVAHISSANTE", "Phosphomonoesterase activity", "Biological invasion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-10", "title": "Frequent Burning Promotes Invasions Of Alien Plants Into A Mesic African Savanna", "description": "Fire is both inevitable and necessary for maintaining the structure and functioning of mesic savannas. Without disturbances such as fire and herbivory, tree cover can increase at the expense of grass cover and over time dominate mesic savannas. Consequently, repeated burning is widely used to suppress tree recruitment and control bush encroachment. However, the effect of regular burning on invasion by alien plant species is little understood. Here, vegetation data from a long-term fire experiment, which began in 1953 in a mesic Zimbabwean savanna, were used to test whether the frequency of burning promoted alien plant invasion. The fire treatments consisted of late season fires, lit at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year intervals, and these regularly burnt plots were compared with unburnt plots. Results show that over half a century of frequent burning promoted the invasion by alien plants relative to areas where fire was excluded. More alien plant species became established in plots that had a higher frequency of burning. The proportion of alien species in the species assemblage was highest in the annually burnt plots followed by plots burnt biennially. Alien plant invasion was lowest in plots protected from fire but did not differ significantly between plots burnt triennially and quadrennially. Further, the abundance of five alien forbs increased significantly as the interval (in years) between fires became shorter. On average, the density of these alien forbs in annually burnt plots was at least ten times as high as the density of unburnt plots. Plant diversity was also altered by long-term burning. Total plant species richness was significantly lower in the unburnt plots compared to regularly burnt plots. These findings suggest that frequent burning of mesic savannas enhances invasion by alien plants, with short intervals between fires favouring alien forbs. Therefore, reducing the frequency of burning may be a key to minimising the risk of alien plant spread into mesic savannas, which is important because invasive plants pose a threat to native biodiversity and may alter savanna functioning.", "keywords": ["disturbance", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "kruger-national-park", "south-africa", "biological invasions", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "METIS-302982", "vegetation", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "evolution", "ecology", "propagule pressure", "ecosystems", "fire-management", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Invasions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10530-011-0102-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-15", "title": "Managing Invasions At The Cost Of Native Habitat? An Experimental Test Of The Impact Of Fire On The Invasion Of Chromolaena Odorata In A South African Savanna", "description": "<p>Successfully managing invasive plants in natural systems is extremely difficult. Recently however, progress has been made with an approach focused on changing ecosystem processes through the disturbance regime. We performed a large-scale (3 ha) full-factorial field experiment in densely invaded woodland in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, a savanna reserve in South Africa, to study the effect of fire on the control of the pan-tropical invasive exotic shrub Chromolaena odorata in combination with the conventional method, i.e. manual clearing and herbicide application. We show how fire interacted with the conventional clearing of C. odorata and induced an intense canopy fire that caused a shift from woodland to grassland. After 2.5 years of monitoring, grasses were still dominant and re-invasion minimal. It is important to note that fire without prior clearing did not have the same effect and was not successful in reducing densities of C. odorata. An integrated control practice targeting the species with mechanical and chemical methods, while simultaneously targeting its habitat through fire, effectively controlled dense C. odorata thickets during the course of the experiment. However, this approach transformed regular surface fires into high-intensity canopy fires that are rare in savannas. We discuss how this altered fire regime may threaten native habitats, including fire-sensitive forest patches and riverine woodlands within the savanna mozaic. This is an important dilemma for managers that should not be overlooked and asks for long-term data on the impact of control programs on the native vegetation.</p>", "keywords": ["ALIEN PLANTS", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "BURN AGRICULTURE", "Ecology", "Conservation", "15. Life on land", "Fire", "ECOLOGY", "01 natural sciences", "Integrative management", "Tree-grass dynamics", "Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park", "BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS", "EUPATORIUM-ODORATUM", "NATURE RESERVES", "ECOSYSTEMS", "Biological invasions", "NATIONAL-PARK", "ENVIRONMENTS FOLLOWING SLASH", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "TROPICAL SAVANNAS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-011-0102-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Invasions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10530-011-0102-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10530-011-0102-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10530-011-0102-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1365-2656.12746", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-18", "title": "Invasive earthworms erode soil biodiversity: A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract<p>   <p>Biological invasions pose a serious threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across ecosystems. Invasions by ecosystem engineers, in particular, have been shown to have dramatic effects in recipient ecosystems. For instance, invasion by earthworms, a below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground invertebrate ecosystem engineer, in previously earthworm\uffe2\uff80\uff90free ecosystems alters the physico\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical characteristics of the soil. Studies have shown that such alterations in the soil can have far\uffe2\uff80\uff90reaching impacts on soil organisms, which form a major portion of terrestrial biodiversity.</p>  <p>Here, we present the first quantitative synthesis of earthworm invasion effects on soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms and soil invertebrates based on 430 observations from 30 independent studies.</p>  <p>Our meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis shows a significant decline of the diversity and density of soil invertebrates in response to earthworm invasion with anecic and endogeic earthworms causing the strongest effects. Earthworm invasion effects on soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms were context\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent, such as depending on functional group richness of invasive earthworms and soil depth. Microbial biomass and diversity increased in mineral soil layers, with a weak negative effect in organic soil layers, indicating that the mixing of soil layers by earthworms (bioturbation) may homogenize microbial communities across soil layers.</p>  <p>Our meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis provides a compelling evidence for negative effects of a common invasive below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground ecosystem engineer on below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biodiversity of recipient ecosystems, which could potentially alter the ecosystem functions and services linked to soil biota.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["Biodiversity change", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil invertebrates", "Population Dynamics", "Soil micro-organisms", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Ecosystem engineer", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Introduced Species", "Biology", "Biological invasion", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Animal%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2656.12746", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2656.12746", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.13446", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-03", "title": "The unseen invaders: introduced earthworms as drivers of change in plant communities in North American forests (a meta-analysis)", "description": "Abstract<p>Globally, biological invasions can have strong impacts on biodiversity as well as ecosystem functioning. While less conspicuous than introduced aboveground organisms, introduced belowground organisms may have similarly strong effects. Here, we synthesize for the first time the impacts of introduced earthworms on plant diversity and community composition in North American forests. We conducted a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis using a total of 645 observations to quantify mean effect sizes of associations between introduced earthworm communities and plant diversity, cover of plant functional groups, and cover of native and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90native plants. We found that plant diversity significantly declined with increasing richness of introduced earthworm ecological groups. While plant species richness or evenness did not change with earthworm invasion, our results indicate clear changes in plant community composition: cover of graminoids and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90native plant species significantly increased, and cover of native plant species (of all functional groups) tended to decrease, with increasing earthworm biomass. Overall, these findings support the hypothesis that introduced earthworms facilitate particular plant species adapted to the abiotic conditions of earthworm\uffe2\uff80\uff90invaded forests. Further, our study provides evidence that introduced earthworms are associated with declines in plant diversity in North American forests. Changing plant functional composition in these forests may have long\uffe2\uff80\uff90lasting effects on ecosystem functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "NONNATIVE EARTHWORMS", "ECOSYSTEM ENGINEER", "introduced earthworms", "biological invasions", "SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT", "Forests", "01 natural sciences", "BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS", "GLOBAL METAANALYSIS", "HARDWOOD FORESTS", "Journal Article", "BIODIVERSITY CHANGE", "Animals", "ENDOGEIC EARTHWORMS", "earthworm invasion", "community composition", "Oligochaeta", "Ecosystem", "Biodiversity", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "plant diversity", "United States", "plant communities", "meta-analysis", "Environmental sciences", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "13. Climate action", "TEMPERATE FORESTS", "INVASIVE EARTHWORMS", "Introduced Species"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13446"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13446"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.13446", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.13446", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.13446"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-06", "title": "In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species", "description": "<p>One of the biggest challenges in classical biological control of invasive weeds is predicting the likelihood of success. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a North American plant species that has become invasive in Europe, causes economic losses due to health problems resulting from its huge amount of highly allergenic pollen and as a weed to agricultural crops resulting from high seed densities. Here we assessed whether the pollen and seed output of the annual A. artemisiifolia (at the end of the season) is related to in-season abundance of, or damage by, the accidentally introduced biological control agent Ophraella communa. We monitored the growth and leaf damage of individually labelled A. artemisiifolia plants at four locations in Northern Italy and recorded abundance of different O. communa life stages at regular intervals. We found that the in-season level of leaf damage by O. communa consistently helped to explain seed production in combination with plant volume and site throughout the season. Feeding damage, plant volume and site also explained pollen production by A. artemisiifolia six weeks before male flower formation. At three out of four sites, plants with more than 10% leaf damage in mid-June or early July had a very low likelihood of seed formation. Leaf damage proved to be a better explanatory variable than O. communa abundance. Our results suggest that the monitoring of the in-season leaf damage can help to project the local impact of O. communa on A. artemisiifolia at the end of the season and thus inform management regarding the needs for additional measures to control this prominent invader.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "herbivory", "QH301-705.5", "biological invasions", "common ragweed", "classical biological control", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", " biological invasions", " classical biological control", " common ragweed", " herbivory", " Ophraella communa", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Biological invasions; Classical biological control; Common ragweed; Herbivory; Ophraella communa;", "Ophraella communa", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", " Biological invasions", " Classical biological control", " Common ragweed", " Herbivory", " Ophraella communa", "", "Biology (General)", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/280756/2/10281-280756_VoR.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1735590/1/Augustinus%20et%20al.%20-%202020%20-%20In-season%20leaf%20damage%20by%20a%20biocontrol%20agent%20explai.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/NeoBiota", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "name": "item", "description": "10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "16041cf1163c84786fd6c1647a02cade", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:06Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 4 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Figure S1. Mean plant volume \u00b1 se of A. artemisiifolia plants measured during the experiment in the four experimental sites", "keywords": ["15. Life on land", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/16041cf1163c84786fd6c1647a02cade"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "16041cf1163c84786fd6c1647a02cade", "name": "item", "description": "16041cf1163c84786fd6c1647a02cade", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/16041cf1163c84786fd6c1647a02cade"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2318/1735590", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-06", "title": "In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species", "description": "<p>One of the biggest challenges in classical biological control of invasive weeds is predicting the likelihood of success. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a North American plant species that has become invasive in Europe, causes economic losses due to health problems resulting from its huge amount of highly allergenic pollen and as a weed to agricultural crops resulting from high seed densities. Here we assessed whether the pollen and seed output of the annual A. artemisiifolia (at the end of the season) is related to in-season abundance of, or damage by, the accidentally introduced biological control agent Ophraella communa. We monitored the growth and leaf damage of individually labelled A. artemisiifolia plants at four locations in Northern Italy and recorded abundance of different O. communa life stages at regular intervals. We found that the in-season level of leaf damage by O. communa consistently helped to explain seed production in combination with plant volume and site throughout the season. Feeding damage, plant volume and site also explained pollen production by A. artemisiifolia six weeks before male flower formation. At three out of four sites, plants with more than 10% leaf damage in mid-June or early July had a very low likelihood of seed formation. Leaf damage proved to be a better explanatory variable than O. communa abundance. Our results suggest that the monitoring of the in-season leaf damage can help to project the local impact of O. communa on A. artemisiifolia at the end of the season and thus inform management regarding the needs for additional measures to control this prominent invader.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "herbivory", "QH301-705.5", "biological invasions", "common ragweed", "classical biological control", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", " biological invasions", " classical biological control", " common ragweed", " herbivory", " Ophraella communa", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Biological invasions; Classical biological control; Common ragweed; Herbivory; Ophraella communa;", "Ophraella communa", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", " Biological invasions", " Classical biological control", " Common ragweed", " Herbivory", " Ophraella communa", "", "Biology (General)", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/280756/2/10281-280756_VoR.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1735590/1/Augustinus%20et%20al.%20-%202020%20-%20In-season%20leaf%20damage%20by%20a%20biocontrol%20agent%20explai.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2318/1735590"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/NeoBiota", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2318/1735590", "name": "item", "description": "2318/1735590", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2318/1735590"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|od______2659::2a8a43298bcb993af777dbeac4b266a8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:26:49Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 8 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Damage ~ abundance", "keywords": ["Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/50|od______2659::2a8a43298bcb993af777dbeac4b266a8"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "50|od______2659::2a8a43298bcb993af777dbeac4b266a8", "name": "item", "description": "50|od______2659::2a8a43298bcb993af777dbeac4b266a8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/50|od______2659::2a8a43298bcb993af777dbeac4b266a8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|od______2659::37b35091ac232736527db0060eb8c871", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:26:49Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 1 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Study sites", "keywords": ["15. Life on land", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. 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NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "p-values for O. communa", "keywords": ["Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. 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E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/5db6cf40c44eda93606b3719110ce8e0"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "5db6cf40c44eda93606b3719110ce8e0", "name": "item", "description": "5db6cf40c44eda93606b3719110ce8e0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/5db6cf40c44eda93606b3719110ce8e0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "727849ab554613d2c6722ef6e56ed177", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:27:22Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 9 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Successful seed formation", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Fogliatto, Silvia, Vidotto, Francesco, Smith, Tessa, Horvath, David, Bonini, Maira, Gentili, Rodolfo F., Citterio, Sandra, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, Schaffner, Urs,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/727849ab554613d2c6722ef6e56ed177"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "727849ab554613d2c6722ef6e56ed177", "name": "item", "description": "727849ab554613d2c6722ef6e56ed177", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/727849ab554613d2c6722ef6e56ed177"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "e20fa9068ed2004242f543e4060f4bac", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:30:12Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Supplementary material 8 from: Augustinus BA, Lommen STE, Fogliatto S, Vidotto F, Smith T, Horvath D, Bonini M, Gentili RF, Citterio S, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer H, Schaffner U (2020) In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species. 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NeoBiota 55: 117-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "description": "Figure S1. Mean plant volume \u00b1 se of A. artemisiifolia plants measured during the experiment in the four experimental sites", "keywords": ["15. Life on land", "Ambrosia artemisiifolia biological invasions classical biological control common ragweed herbivory Ophraella communa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Augustinus, Benno A., Lommen, Suzanne T. 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