Legume roots can be symbiotically colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. In Lotus japonicus, the latter occurs intracellularly by the cognate rhizobial partner Mesorhizobium loti or intercellularly with the Agrobacterium pusense strain IRBG74. Although these symbiotic programs show distinctive cellular and transcriptome signatures, some molecular components are shared. In this study, we demonstrate that 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase 1 (DAHPS1), the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of aromatic amino acids (AAAs), plays a critical role in root hair development and for AM and rhizobial symbioses in Lotus. Two homozygous DAHPS1 mutants (dahps1-1 and dahps1-2) showed drastic alterations in root hair morphology, associated with alterations in cell wall dynamics and a progressive disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. The altered root hair structure was prevented by pharmacological and genetic complementation. dahps1-1 and dahps1-2 showed significant reductions in rhizobial infection (intracellular and intercellular) and nodule organogenesis and a delay in AM colonization. RNAseq analysis of dahps1-2 roots suggested that these phenotypes are associated with downregulation of several cell wall\uffe2\uff80\uff93related genes, and with an attenuated signaling response. Interestingly, the dahps1 mutants showed no detectable pleiotropic effects, suggesting a more selective recruitment of this gene in certain biological processes. This work provides robust evidence linking AAA metabolism to root hair development and successful symbiotic associations.Forests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-14", "description": "Soil management is fundamental to all agricultural systems and fertilization practices have contributed substantially to the impressive increases in food production. Despite the pivotal role of soil microorganisms in agro-ecosystems, we still have a limited understanding of the complex response of the soil microbiota to organic and mineral fertilization in the very long-term. Here, we report the effects of different fertilization regimes (mineral, organic and combined mineral and organic fertilization), carried out for more than a century, on the structure and activity of the soil microbiome. Organic matter content, nutrient concentrations, and microbial biomass carbon were significantly increased by mineral, and even more strongly by organic fertilization. Pyrosequencing revealed significant differences between the structures of bacterial and fungal soil communities associated to each fertilization regime. Organic fertilization increased bacterial diversity, and stimulated microbial groups (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Zygomycota) that are known to prefer nutrient-rich environments, and that are involved in the degradation of complex organic compounds. In contrast, soils not receiving manure harbored distinct microbial communities enriched in oligotrophic organisms adapted to nutrient-limited environments, as Acidobacteria. The fertilization regime also affected the relative abundances of plant beneficial and detrimental microbial taxa, which may influence productivity and stability of the agroecosystem. As expected, the activity of microbial exoenzymes involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous mineralization were enhanced by both types of fertilization. However, in contrast to comparable studies, the highest chitinase and phosphatase activities were observed in the solely mineral fertilized soil. Interestingly, these two enzymes showed also a particular high biomass-specific activities and a strong negative relation with soil pH. As many soil parameters are known to change slowly, the particularity of unchanged fertilization treatments since 1902 allows a profound assessment of linkages between management and abiotic as well as biotic soil parameters. Our study revealed that pH and TOC were the majors, while nitrogen and phosphorous pools were minors, drivers for structure and activity of the soil microbial community. Due to the long-term treatments studied, our findings likely represent permanent and stable, rather than transient, responses of soil microbial communities to fertilization.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "long-term fertilization", "microbial biomass", "15. Life on land", "microbial activity", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "soil microbial communities", "soil nutrients", "454 pyrosequencing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01446"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.02597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-08", "title": "New Insights Into Cinnamoyl Esterase Activity of Oenococcus oeni.", "description": "Some strains of Oenococcus oeni possess cinnamoyl esterase activity that can be relevant in the malolactic stage of wine production liberating hydroxycinnamic acids that are precursors of volatile phenols responsible for sensory faults. The objective of this study was to better understand the basis of the differential activity between strains. After initial screening, five commercial strains of O. oeni were selected, three were found to exhibit cinnamoyl esterase activity (CE+) and two not (CE-). Although the use of functional annotation of genes revealed genotypic variations between the strains, no specific genes common only to the three CE+ strains could explain the different activities. Pasteurized wine was used as a natural source of tartrate esters in growth and metabolism experiments conducted in MRS medium, whilst commercial trans-caftaric acid was used as substrate for enzyme assays. Detoxification did not seem to be the main biological mechanism involved in the activity since unlike its phenolic cleavage products and their immediate metabolites (trans-caffeic acid and 4-ethylcatechol), trans-caftaric acid was not toxic toward O. oeni. In the case of the two CE+ strains OenosTM and CiNeTM, wine-exposed samples showed a more rapid degradation of trans-caftaric acid than the unexposed ones. The CE activity was present in all cell-free extracts of both wine-exposed and unexposed strains, except in the cell-free extracts of the CE- strain CH11TM. This activity may be constitutive rather than induced by exposure to tartrate esters. Trans-caftaric acid was totally cleaved to trans-caffeic acid by cell-free extracts of the three CE+ strains, whilst cell-free extracts of the CE- strain CH16TM showed significantly lower activity, although higher for the strains in experiments with no prior wine exposure. The EstB28 esterase gene, found in the genomes of the 5 strains, did not reveal any difference on the upstream regulation and transport functionality between the strains. This study highlights the complexity of the basis of this activity in wine related O. oeni population. Variable cinnamoyl esterases or/and membrane transport activities in the O. oeni strains analyzed and a possible implication of wine molecules could explain this phenomenon.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "tartrate esters", "cinnamoyl esterase", "Tartrate esters", "Hydroxycinnamic acids", "Wine", "hydroxycinnamic acids", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "03 medical and health sciences", "Cinnamoyl esterase", "wine", "Oenococcus oeni"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02597"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.02597", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.02597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-08", "title": "Long-term effects of early-life rumen microbiota modulation on dairy cow production performance and methane emissions", "description": "Rumen microbiota modulation during the pre-weaning period has been suggested as means to affect animal performance later in life. In this follow-up study, we examined the post-weaning rumen microbiota development differences in monozygotic twin-heifers that were inoculated (T-group) or not inoculated (C-group) (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff894 each) with fresh adult rumen liquid during their pre-weaning period. We also assessed the treatment effect on production parameters and methane emissions of cows during their 1st lactation period. The rumen microbiota was determined by the 16S rRNA gene, 18S rRNA gene, and ITS1 amplicon sequencing. Animal weight gain and rumen fermentation parameters were monitored from 2 to 12\uffe2\uff80\uff89months of age. The weight gain was not affected by treatment, but butyrate proportion was higher in T-group in month 3 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.04). Apart from archaea (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.084), the richness of bacteria (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.0001) and ciliate protozoa increased until month 7 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.004) and anaerobic fungi until month 11 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.005). The microbiota structure, measured as Bray\uffe2\uff80\uff93Curtis distances, continued to develop until months 3, 6, 7, and 10, in archaea, ciliate protozoa, bacteria, and anaerobic fungi, respectively (for all: p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001). Treatment or age \uffc3\uff97 treatment interaction had a significant (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.05) effect on 18 bacterial, 2 archaeal, and 6 ciliate protozoan taxonomic groups, with differences occurring mostly before month 4 in bacteria, and month 3 in archaea and ciliate protozoa. Treatment stimulated earlier maturation of prokaryote community in T-group before month 4 and earlier maturation of ciliate protozoa at month 2 (Random Forest: 0.75\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for bacteria and 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for protozoa). No treatment effect on the maturity of anaerobic fungi was observed. The milk production and quality, feed efficiency, and methane emissions were monitored during cow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s 1st lactation. The T-group had lower variation in energy-corrected milk yield (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001), tended to differ in pattern of residual energy intake over time (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.069), and had numerically lower somatic cell count throughout their 1st lactation period (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.081), but no differences between the groups in methane emissions (g/d, g/kg DMI, or g/kg milk) were observed. Our results demonstrated that the orally administered microbial inoculant induced transient changes in early rumen microbiome maturation. In addition, the treatment may influence the later production performance, although the mechanisms that mediate these effects need to be further explored.
", "keywords": ["microbiome modulation", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "ta412", "microbiome establishment", "Heifer", "dairy cow", "Rumen function", "Animal science", " dairy science", "Microbiology", "630", "Microbiome modulation", "QR1-502", "rumen function", "Microbiome establishment", "03 medical and health sciences", "Dairy cow", "heifer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in the Indian subcontinent", "description": "Mycorrhizal fungi (MF) are below-ground organisms playing a key role in terrestrial ecosystems as they regulate nutrient and carbon cycles, and influence soil structure and ecosystem multifunctionality. Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi are the two mycorrhizal types most relevant to worldwide ecosystems, but areas like the Indian sub-continent remain under-represented in global maps. The dataset presented here reports the available information regarding arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in cultivated and natural ecosystems of the Indian subcontinent. We have selected studies published in English in ISI Web of Science during the years 2005 - 2020 that provided a taxonomic classification of MF and their associated abundance in terms of percentage of root colonization or number of spores per quantity of soil. From the screening of 74 studies, we have recorded: i. the scientific or common name of the plant or the generic habitat sampled for MF identification; ii the MF genus and species; iii. the location of the study with associated altitude and geographic coordinates; iv. main soil physico-chemical properties (soil pH, texture, organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, available Phosphorus); climatic variables such as mean annual precipitation and temperature.<br><br>", "keywords": ["ecosystem management", "Asia", "Agricultural Sciences", "CGIAR Research Program on Water", " Land and Ecosystems", "Multifunctional Landscapes", "gesti\u00f3n de ecosistemas", "soil biology", "MYCORRHIZAE", "CGIAR Research Program", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "SOIL BIOLOGY", "BIODIVERSITY", "mycorrhizae", "biolog\u00eda del suelo"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Beggi, Francesca, Dasgupta, Debarshi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/HXAH87"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/HXAH87"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-8732814", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:25:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "Litter quality, mycorrhizal association, and soil properties regulate effects of tree species on the soil fauna community", "description": "Abstract Forest management, including selection of appropriate tree species to mitigate climate change and sustain biodiversity, requires a better understanding of factors that affect the composition of soil fauna communities. These communities are an integral part of the soil ecosystem and play an essential role in forest ecosystem functioning related to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Here, by performing a field study across six common gardens in Denmark, we evaluated the effects of tree species identity and mycorrhizal association (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (ECM)) on soil fauna (meso- and macrofauna) taxonomic and functional community composition by using diversity, abundance, and biomass as proxies. We found that (1) tree species identity and mycorrhizal association both showed significant effects on soil fauna communities, but the separation between community characteristics in AM and ECM tree species was not entirely consistent; (2) total soil fauna abundance, biomass, as well as taxonomic and functional diversity were generally significantly higher under AM tree species, as well as lime, with higher litter quality (high N and base cation and low lignin:N ratio); (3) tree species significantly influenced the properties of litter, forest floor, and soil, among which litter and/or forest floor N, P, Ca, and Mg concentrations, soil pH, and soil moisture predominantly affected soil fauna abundance, biomass, and taxonomic and functional diversity. Our results from this multisite common garden experiment provide strong and consistent evidence of positive effects of tree species with higher litter quality on soil fauna communities in general, which helps to better understand the effects of tree species selection on soil biodiversity and its functions related to forest soil carbon sequestration.", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "EARTHWORMS", "Diversity", "PH", "FOREST FLOOR", "Common garden experiment", "Soil meso- and macrofauna", "DIVERSITY", "Biology and Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "NITROGEN", "CARBON", "Taxonomic group", "FUNCTIONAL TRAITS", "Abundance", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Functional group", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BIODIVERSITY", "ABUNDANCE", "Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-8732814"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-8732814", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-8732814", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-8732814"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-003-1391-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-12-10", "title": "Carbon Availability Controls The Growth Of Detritivores (Lumbricidae) And Their Effect On Nitrogen Mineralization", "description": "Activity of soil decomposer microorganisms is generally limited by carbon availability, but factors controlling saprophagous soil animals remain largely unknown. In contrast to microorganisms, animals are unable to exploit mineral nutrient pools. Therefore, it has been suggested that soil animals, and earthworms in particular, are limited by the availability of nitrogen. In contrast to this view, a strong increase in density and biomass of endogeic earthworms in response to labile organic carbon addition has been documented in field experiments. The hypothesis that the growth of endogeic earthworms is primarily limited by carbon availability was tested in a laboratory experiment lasting for 10 weeks. In addition, it was investigated whether the effects of earthworms on microbial activity and nutrient mineralization depend on the availability of carbon resources. We manipulated food availability to the endogeic earthworm species Octolasion tyrtaeum by using two soils with different organic matter content, providing access to different amounts of soil, and adding labile organic carbon (glucose) enriched in (13)C. Glucose addition strongly increased the growth of O. tyrtaeum. From 8 to 17% of the total C in earthworm tissue was assimilated from the glucose added. Soil microbial biomass was not strongly affected by the addition of glucose, though basal respiration was significantly increased and up to 50% of the carbon added as glucose was incorporated into soil organic matter. The impact of earthworms on the mineralization and leaching of nitrogen depended on C availability. As expected, in C-limited soil, the presence of earthworms strongly increased nitrogen leaching. However, when C availability was increased by the addition of glucose, this pattern was reversed, i.e. the presence of O. tyrtaeum decreased nitrogen leaching and its availability to soil microflora. We conclude that irrespective of the total carbon content of soils, O. tyrtaeum was primarily limited by carbon, and that increased carbon availability allowed earthworms to be more effective in mobilizing N. The presence of earthworms increases C limitation of soil microorganisms, due to increased availability of N and P in earthworm casts or a direct depletion of easily available carbon resources by earthworms.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Carbon Isotopes", "Nitrogen", "Population Dynamics", "Biological Availability", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1391-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-003-1391-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-003-1391-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-003-1391-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-01", "title": "Effects Of Fire On Properties Of Forest Soils: A Review", "description": "Many physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biological soil properties can be affected by forest fires. The effects are chiefly a result of burn severity, which consists of peak temperatures and duration of the fire. Climate, vegetation, and topography of the burnt area control the resilience of the soil system; some fire-induced changes can even be permanent. Low to moderate severity fires, such as most of those prescribed in forest management, promote renovation of the dominant vegetation through elimination of undesired species and transient increase of pH and available nutrients. No irreversible ecosystem change occurs, but the enhancement of hydrophobicity can render the soil less able to soak up water and more prone to erosion. Severe fires, such as wildfires, generally have several negative effects on soil. They cause significant removal of organic matter, deterioration of both structure and porosity, considerable loss of nutrients through volatilisation, ash entrapment in smoke columns, leaching and erosion, and marked alteration of both quantity and specific composition of microbial and soil-dwelling invertebrate communities. However, despite common perceptions, if plants succeed in promptly recolonising the burnt area, the pre-fire level of most properties can be recovered and even enhanced. This work is a review of the up-to-date literature dealing with changes imposed by fires on properties of forest soils. Ecological implications of these changes are described.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "Fire", " Forest ecosystems", " Forest soils", " Soil ecology", " Soil properties.", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Fires", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "CERTINI, GIACOMO", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.095", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-10", "title": "The Cover Crop Determines The Amf Community Composition In Soil And In Roots Of Maize After A Ten-Year Continuous Crop Rotation", "description": "Intensive agricultural practices are responsible for soil biological degradation. By stimulating indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), cover cropping enhances soil health and promotes agroecosystem sustainability. Still, the legacy effects of cover crops (CCs) and the major factors driving the AM fungal community are not well known; neither is the influence of the specific CC. This work describes a field experiment established in Central Spain to test the effect of replacing winter fallow by barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or vetch (Vicia sativa L.) during the intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.). We examined the community composition of the AMF in the roots and rhizosphere soil associated with the subsequent cash crop after 10\u202fyears of cover cropping, using Illumina technology. The multivariate analysis showed that the AMF communities under the barley treatment differed significantly from those under fallow, whereas no legacy effect of the vetch CC was detected. Soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity, pH, Ca and microbial biomass carbon were identified as major factors shaping soil AMF communities. Specific AMF taxa were found to play a role in plant uptake of P, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cd, which may shed light on the functionality of these taxa. In our conditions, the use of barley as a winter CC appears to be an appropriate choice with respect to promotion of AMF populations and biological activity in agricultural soils with intercropping systems. However, more research on CC species and their legacy effect on the microbial community composition and functionality are needed to guide decisions in knowledge-based agriculture.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Diversity", "Cover cropping", "Grass", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Agriculture", "Hordeum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Zea mays", "Crop Production", "Legume", "Spain", "Long-term experiment", "Mycorrhizae", "Long-term experiments", "Rhizosphere", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Illumina technology", "Mediterranean climate", "Soil Microbiology", "Mycobiome"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.095"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.095", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.095", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.095"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-02", "title": "Land Use Intensification In The Humid Tropics Increased Both Alpha And Beta Diversity Of Soil Bacteria", "description": "AbstractAnthropogenic pressures on tropical forests are rapidly intensifying, but our understanding of their implications for biological diversity is still very limited, especially with regard to soil biota, and in particular soil bacterial communities. Here we evaluated bacterial community composition and diversity across a gradient of land use intensity in the eastern Amazon from undisturbed primary forest, through primary forests varyingly disturbed by fire, regenerating secondary forest, pasture, and mechanized agriculture. Soil bacteria were assessed by paired\uffe2\uff80\uff90end Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4 region). The resulting sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) at a 97% similarity threshold. Land use intensification increased the observed bacterial diversity (both OTU richness and community heterogeneity across space) and this effect was strongly associated with changes in soil pH. Moreover, land use intensification and subsequent changes in soil fertility, especially pH, altered the bacterial community composition, with pastures and areas of mechanized agriculture displaying the most contrasting communities in relation to undisturbed primary forest. Together, these results indicate that tropical forest conversion impacts soil bacteria not through loss of diversity, as previously thought, but mainly by imposing marked shifts on bacterial community composition, with unknown yet potentially important implications for ecological functions and services performed by these communities.
", "keywords": ["Rios de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de comunidade bacteriana", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Bacteria", "Biodiversidade subterr\u00e2nea", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Below\u2010ground biodiversity", "High\u2010throughput sequencing", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Sequenciamento de alto rendimento", "Rivers of bacterial community composition", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82660/1/de_Carvalho_et_al_2016_raw_pdf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.190", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-11", "title": "Response Of Microbial Community Structure And Function To Short-Term Biochar Amendment In An Intensively Managed Bamboo (Phyllostachys Praecox) Plantation Soil: Effect Of Particle Size And Addition Rate", "description": "Biochar incorporated into soil has been known to affect soil nutrient availability and act as a habitat for microorganisms, both of which could be related to its particle size. However, little is known about the effect of particle size on soil microbial community structure and function. To investigate short-term soil microbial responses to biochar addition having varying particle sizes and addition rates, we established a laboratory incubation study. Biochar produced via pyrolysis of bamboo was ground into three particle sizes (diameter size<0.05mm (fine), 0.05-1.0mm (medium) and 1.0-2.0mm (coarse)) and amended at rates of 0% (control), 3% and 9% (w/w) in an intensively managed bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) plantation soil. The results showed that the fine particle biochar resulted in significantly higher soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), available potassium (K) concentrations than the medium and coarse particle sizes. The fine-sized biochar also induced significantly higher total microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) concentrations by 60.28% and 88.94% than the medium and coarse particles regardless of addition rate, respectively. Redundancy analysis suggested that the microbial community structures were largely dependent of particle size, and that improved soil properties were key factors shaping them. The cumulative CO2 emissions from biochar-amended soils were 2-56% lower than the control and sharply decreased with increasing addition rates and particle sizes. Activities of \u03b1-glucosidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, \u03b2-xylosidase, N-acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase, peroxidase and dehydrogenase decreased by ranging from 7% to 47% in biochar-amended soils over the control, indicating that biochar addition reduced enzyme activities involved carbon cycling capacity. Our results suggest that biochar addition can affect microbial population abundances, community structure and enzyme activities, that these effects are particle size and rate dependent. The fine particle biochar may additionally produce a better habitat for microorganisms compared to the other particle sizes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Particle Size", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Soil Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "Carbon Cycle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.190"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.190", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.190", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.190"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-04", "title": "Fungal Community Composition And Metabolism Under Elevated Co2 And O-3", "description": "Atmospheric CO(2) and O(3) concentrations are increasing due to human activity and both trace gases have the potential to alter C cycling in forest ecosystems. Because soil microorganisms depend on plant litter as a source of energy for metabolism, changes in the amount or the biochemistry of plant litter produced under elevated CO(2) and O(3) could alter microbial community function and composition. Previously, we have observed that elevated CO(2) increased the microbial metabolism of cellulose and chitin, whereas elevated O(3) dampened this response. We hypothesized that this change in metabolism under CO(2) and O(3) enrichment would be accompanied by a concomitant change in fungal community composition. We tested our hypothesis at the free-air CO(2) and O(3) enrichment (FACE) experiment at Rhinelander, Wisconsin, in which Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, and Acer saccharum were grown under factorial CO(2) and O(3) treatments. We employed extracellular enzyme analysis to assay microbial metabolism, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to determine changes in microbial community composition, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) to analyze the fungal community composition. The activities of 1,4-beta-glucosidase (+37%) and 1,4,-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (+84%) were significantly increased under elevated CO(2), whereas 1,4-beta-glucosidase activity (-25%) was significantly suppressed by elevated O(3). There was no significant main effect of elevated CO(2) or O(3) on fungal relative abundance, as measured by PLFA. We identified 39 fungal taxonomic units from soil using DGGE, and found that O(3) enrichment significantly altered fungal community composition. We conclude that fungal metabolism is altered under elevated CO(2) and O(3), and that there was a concomitant change in fungal community composition under elevated O(3). Thus, changes in plant inputs to soil under elevated CO(2) and O(3) can propagate through the microbial food web to alter the cycling of C in soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Food Chain", "Extracellular Enzymes", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Polymerase Chain Reaction\u2013Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "01 natural sciences", "Soil Microbial Community", "Soil", "Ozone", "Health Sciences", "Acetylglucosaminidase", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "beta-Glucosidase", "Fatty Acids", "Fungi", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Fungal Metabolism", "Carbon", "Free-air CO 2 and O 3 Enrichment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Extracellular Space"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-28", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization And Yield Response Of Energy Crops After Fertilization With Biogas Residues In A Coastal Marsh Of Northern Germany", "description": "Abstract Anaerobic co-fermentation of animal slurries and crop silages leads to new types of biogas residues with an uncertain fertilizer value. Ammonia volatilization losses and crop productivity after supplying co-fermented biogas residues were investigated at a marshland site in Northern Germany. Due to the ecological risks of monocultures, maize (Zea mays) in monoculture as the dominant biogas crop in the marsh was tested against a crop rotation (maize, wheat (Triticum aestivum), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Biogas residues, applied by trail hoses, and CAN (mineral fertilizer) were used as nitrogen fertilizers. Ammonia losses at all application dates were investigated by an approach including passive flux samplers and a calibrated dynamic chamber method. Simultaneously a micrometeorological technique was used as a reference. A comparison of methods showed a close correlation (r2\u00a0=\u00a00.92) between micromet and passive flux sampler techniques. Ammonia volatilization losses (on average 15% NH4+-N applied) occurred mainly within the first 10\u00a0h. Concomitant with high ammonia losses, a significant yield depression of 5\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121 for ryegrass fertilized by biogas residues compared to CAN was observed. Little or no affect of biogas was observed for maize and wheat. The crop rotation had yields (34\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a02\u00a0year\u22121) that were comparable with the maize monoculture (31\u00a0t\u00a0DM\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a02\u00a0year\u22121).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Energy crops", "6. Clean water", "Co-fermentation", "Crop rotation", "Ammonia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Trail hoses", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-03", "title": "Energy And Climate Benefits Of Bioelectricity From Low-Input Short Rotation Woody Crops On Agricultural Land Over A Two-Year Rotation", "description": "AbstractShort-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) are a promising means to enhance the EU renewable energy sources while mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, there are concerns that the GHG mitigation potential of bioelectricity may be nullified due to GHG emissions from direct land use changes (dLUCs). In order to evaluate quantitatively the GHG mitigation potential of bioelectricity from SRWC we managed an operational SRWC plantation (18.4ha) for bioelectricity production on a former agricultural land without supplemental irrigation or fertilization. We traced back to the primary energy level all farm labor, materials, and fossil fuel inputs to the bioelectricity production. We also sampled soil carbon and monitored fluxes of GHGs between the SRWC plantation and the atmosphere. We found that bioelectricity from SRWCs was energy efficient and yielded 200\u2013227% more energy than required to produce it over a two-year rotation. The associated land requirement was 0.9m2kWhe-1 for the gasification and 1.1m2kWhe-1 for the combustion technology. Converting agricultural land into the SRWC plantation released 2.8 \u00b1 0.2tCO2eha\u22121, which represented \u223c89% of the total GHG emissions (256\u2013272gCO2ekWhe-1) of bioelectricity production. Despite its high share of the total GHG emissions, dLUC did not negate the GHG benefits of bioelectricity. Indeed, the GHG savings of bioelectricity relative to the EU non-renewable grid mix power ranged between 52% and 54%. SRWC on agricultural lands with low soil organic carbon stocks are encouraging prospects for sustainable production of renewable energy with significant climate benefits.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Physics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Eddy fluxes", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "GHG emissions", "Life cycle assessment", "Energy(all)", "13. Climate action", "Direct land use change", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Energy ratio", "Biology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "Civil and Structural Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Energy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Critical review of the impacts of grazing intensity on soil organic carbon storage and other soil quality indicators in extensively managed grasslands", "description": "Livestock grazing intensity (GI) is thought to have a major impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and soil quality indicators in grassland agroecosystems. To critically investigate this, we conducted a global review and meta-analysis of 83 studies of extensive grazing, covering 164 sites across different countries and climatic zones. Unlike previous published reviews we normalized the SOC and total nitrogen (TN) data to a 30\u00a0cm depth to be compatible with IPCC guidelines. We also calculated a normalized GI and divided the data into four main groups depending on the regional climate (dry warm, DW; dry cool, DC; moist warm, MW; moist cool, MC). Our results show that taken across all climatic zones and GIs, grazing (below the carrying capacity of the systems) results in a decrease in SOC storage, although its impact on SOC is climate-dependent. When assessed for different regional climates, all GI levels increased SOC stocks under the MW climate (+7.6%) whilst there were reductions under the MC climate (-19%). Under the DW and DC climates, only the low (+5.8%) and low to medium (+16.1%) grazing intensities, respectively, were associated with increased SOC stocks. High GI significantly increased SOC for C4-dominated grassland compared to C3-dominated grassland and C3-C4 mixed grasslands. It was also associated with significant increases in TN and bulk density but had no effect on soil pH. To protect grassland soils from degradation, we recommend that GI and management practices should be optimized according to climate region and grassland type (C3, C4 or C3-C4 mixed).", "keywords": ["330", "QH301 Biology", "630", "Article", "QH301", "NE/M021327/1", "Grazing intensity", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "grazing", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "NE/P019455/1", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "soil organic carbon", "Grazing", "grazing intensity", "total nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "NE/M016900/1", "NE/M019713/1", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BB/N013484/1", "grassland", "BB/N013468/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-29", "title": "Fluxes Of The Greenhouse Gases (Co2, Ch4 And N2o) Above A Short-Rotation Poplar Plantation After Conversion From Agricultural Land", "description": "The increasing demand for renewable energy may lead to the conversion of millions of hectares into bioenergy plantations with a possible substantial transitory carbon (C) loss. In this study we report on the greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, and N2O) measured using eddy covariance of a short-rotation bioenergy poplar plantation converted from agricultural fields. During the first six months after the establishment of the plantation (June-December 2010) there were substantial CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions (a total of 5.36 +/- 0.52 MgCO2eq ha(-1) in terms of CO2 equivalents). Nitrous oxide loss mostly occurred during a week-long peak emission after an unusually large rainfall. This week-long N2O emission represented 52% of the entire N2O loss during one and an half years of measurements. As most of the N2O loss occurred in just this week-long period, accurately capturing these emission events are critical to accurate estimates of the GHG balance of bioenergy. While initial establishment (June-December 2010) of the plantation resulted in a net CO2 loss into the atmosphere (2.76 +/- 0.16 Mg CO2eq ha(-1)), in the second year (2011) there was substantial net CO2 uptake (-3.51 +/- 0.56 Mg CO2eq ha(-1)). During the entire measurement period, CH4 was a source to the atmosphere (0.63 +/- 0.05 Mg CO2eq ha(-1) in 2010, and 0.49 +/- 0.05 Mg CO2eq ha(-1) in 2011), and was controlled by water table depth. Importantly, over the entire measurement period, the sum of the CH4 and N2O losses was much higher (3.51 +/- 0.52 Mg CO2eq ha(-1)) than the net CO2 uptake (-0.76 +/- 0.58 Mg CO2eq ha(-1)). As water availability was an important control on the GHG emission of the plantation, expected climate change and altered rainfall pattern could increase the negative environmental impacts of bioenergy. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["N2O fluxes", "2. Zero hunger", "Physics", "Water limitation", "Eddy covariance", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Land use change (LUC)", "Chemistry", "CO2 fluxes", "13. Climate action", "Bioenergy", "Biology", "CH4 fluxes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108823", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-20", "title": "Timing leaf senescence : a generalized additive models for location, scale and shape approach", "description": "Accurate estimations of phenophases in deciduous trees are important to understand forest ecosystems and their feedback on the climate. In particular, the timing of leaf senescence is of fundamental importance to trees' nutrient stoichiometry and drought tolerance and therefore to trees' vigor and fecundity. Nevertheless, there is no integrated view on the significance, and direction, of seasonal trends in leaf senescence, especially for years characterized by extreme weather events. Difficulties in the acquisition and analyses of hierarchical data can account for this. We collected four years of chlorophyll content index (CCI) measurements in thirty-eight individuals of four deciduous tree species (Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Populus tremula and Quercus robur) in Belgium, Norway and Spain, and analyzed these data using generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS). As a result, (I) the phenological strategy and seasonal trend of leaf senescence in these tree species could be clarified for exceptionally dry and warm years, and (II) the daily average (air) temperature, global radiation, and vapor pressure deficit could be established as main drivers behind the variation in the timing of the senescence transition date. Our results show that the onset of the re-organization phase in the leaf senescence, which we approximated and defined as local minima in the second derivative of a CCI graph, was in all species mainly negatively affected by the average temperature, global radiation and vapor pressure deficit. All together the variables explained 89 to 98% of the variability in the leaf senescence timing. An additional finding is that the generalized beta type 2 and generalized gamma distributions are well suited to model the chlorophyll content index, while the senescence transition date can be modeled using the normal-exponential-student-t, generalized gamma and zero-inflated Box-Cox Cole and Green distributions for beech, oak and birch, and poplar, respectively.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Physics", "ta1183", "Silver birch", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Generalized additive models for location", "Scale and shape", "European beech", "Pedunculate oak", "Chemistry", "Leaf senescence", "13. Climate action", "European aspen", "ta1181", "0101 mathematics", "Biology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108823"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108823", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108823", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108823"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-22", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Application To A Mediterranean Wheat Crop On Soil Microbial Activity And Greenhouse Gas Fluxes", "description": "Biochar has been recently proposed as a management strategy to improve crop productivity and global warming mitigation. However, the effect of such approach on soil greenhouse gas fluxes is highly uncertain and few data from field experiments are available. In a field trial, cultivated with wheat, biochar was added to the soil (3 or 6 kg m(-2)) in two growing seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) so to monitor the effect of treatments on microbial parameters 3 months and 14 months after char addition. N(2)O, CH(4) and CO(2) fluxes were measured in the field during the first year after char addition. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH (from 5.2 to 6.7) and the rates of net N mineralization, soil microbial respiration and denitrification activity in the first 3 months, but after 14 months treated and control plots did not differ significantly. No changes in total microbial biomass and net nitrification rate were observed. In char treated plots, soil N(2)O fluxes were from 26% to 79% lower than N(2)O fluxes in control plots, excluding four sampling dates after the last fertilization with urea, when N(2)O emissions were higher in char treated plots. However, due to the high spatial variability, the observed differences were rarely significant. No significant differences of CH(4) fluxes and field soil respiration were observed among different treatments, with just few exceptions. Overall the char treatments showed a minimal impact on microbial parameters and GHG fluxes over the first 14 months after biochar incorporation.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "Nitrous Oxide", "Biochar; CH; 4; CO; 2; Denitrification; N; 2; O; Nitrification;", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "CH4", "Bacteria", "N2O", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Gases", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-04", "title": "Tree species identity is the predominant modulator of the effects of soil fauna on leaf litter decomposition", "description": "Open AccessLa faune du sol est l'un des principaux moteurs de la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle locale et mondiale, mais le r\u00f4le des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres dans la m\u00e9diation des effets de la faune du sol sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re reste insaisissable. Nous avons men\u00e9 une exp\u00e9rience sur le terrain en utilisant des sacs de liti\u00e8re avec trois tailles de maille diff\u00e9rentes qui ont permis l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la microfaune (0,1 mm), \u00e0 la micro et m\u00e9sofaune (2 mm) et \u00e0 la faune totale du sol (5 mm) pour \u00e9valuer la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re foliaire de deux esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires (MA) et de trois esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des champignons ectomycorhiziens (ECM) dans six sites de jardins communs danois. Nous avons \u00e9galement \u00e9valu\u00e9 comment les diff\u00e9rences dans la qualit\u00e9 initiale de la liti\u00e8re, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol et la composition de la communaut\u00e9 microbienne parmi les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres peuvent affecter la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re ainsi que les effets de la faune du sol sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que (1) la perte de masse de la liti\u00e8re variait consid\u00e9rablement selon la taille des mailles et les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, avec des taux de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re (k) allant de 0,273 \u00e0 3,482\u00a0; (2) l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la m\u00e9sofaune augmentait significativement la liti\u00e8re k de 0,658 pour la MA et de 0,396 pour les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres ECM sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la faune du sol, respectivement de 255 et 92%, tandis que l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la m\u00e9so- et \u00e0 la macrofaune augmentait k de 265 et 108% pour les arbres AM et ECM, respectivement\u00a0; (3) l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, l'association mycorhizienne, la qualit\u00e9 initiale de la liti\u00e8re, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol, la composition des communaut\u00e9s microbiennes et la biomasse de la faune du sol ambiant \u00e9taient tous des facteurs influen\u00e7ant significativement la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re, mais l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres \u00e9tait le facteur dominant ind\u00e9pendamment de la taille des mailles des sacs de liti\u00e8re\u00a0; et (4) les effets de la m\u00e9sofaune sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re \u00e9taient principalement contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, la concentration initiale en Mg de la liti\u00e8re et le rapport lignine\u00a0:N, tandis que le petit impact suppl\u00e9mentaire de l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la macrofaune n'\u00e9tait pas bien expliqu\u00e9 par aucun des facteurs \u00e9valu\u00e9s. Dans l'ensemble, nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres affectent la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re via une stimulation diff\u00e9rente du fonctionnement de la faune du sol, et que les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la MA et \u00e0 la mec diff\u00e8rent dans le degr\u00e9 auquel la faune du sol stimule la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re. Cependant, le mod\u00e8le n'\u00e9tait pas enti\u00e8rement coh\u00e9rent car les taux de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re pour la chaux associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la mec \u00e9taient stimul\u00e9s dans la m\u00eame mesure que les taux pour les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la MA, le fr\u00eane et l'\u00e9rable. Dans l'ensemble, nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que les communaut\u00e9s de m\u00e9so- et de macrofaune du sol peuvent am\u00e9liorer les effets des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re ainsi que l'incorporation de la liti\u00e8re C dans le sol min\u00e9ral.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "0106 biological sciences", "Litter quality", "Microfauna", "Plant Science", "Soil mesofauna", "01 natural sciences", "Plant litter", "Soil fauna", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil biology", "Microbial community", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Litter", "Soil water", "Wood Decomposition", "Saproxylic Insect Ecology and Forest Management", "Plant Interactions", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "Ecology", "Soil property", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fauna", "Insect Science", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Common garden", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Litterbag mesh size"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Effects Of Liming On Soil Properties And Plant Performance Of Temperate Mountainous Grasslands", "description": "The application of lime or liming materials to acid-soil grasslands might help mitigate soil acidity, a major constraint to forage productivity in many temperate mountainous grasslands. Nowadays, in these mountainous grasslands, it is essential to promote agricultural practices to increase forage yield and nutritive value while preserving biodiversity and agroecosystem functioning. Two different field experiments were conducted in the Gorbeia Natural Park, northern Spain: (i) one in a calcareous mountainous grassland (Arraba) and (ii) the other in a siliceous mountainous grassland (Kurtzegan) to study the effects of a single application of two liming products, i.e. 2429 kg lime (164.3% CaCO(3)) ha(-1) and 4734 kg calcareous sand (84.3% CaCO(3)) ha(-1), applied one month before the beginning of the sheep grazing season (May-October), on soil chemical (pH, organic C, total N, C/N ratio, %Al saturation, Olsen P, exchangeable K(+) and Ca(2+)) and biological parameters (dehydrogenase, beta-glucosidase, urease, acid phosphatase and arylsulphatase activity) as well as on botanical diversity (graminoids, forbs, shrubs) and forage yield and nutritive value (crude protein, modified acid detergent fibre, digestibility). Untreated control plots were also included in the experiment. Soil sampling was carried out at the end of the sheep grazing season (6 months after liming treatment), while botanical composition was determined one year after treatments application. Although no increase in soil pH was observed in Arraba, liming significantly increased dehydrogenase activity (an indicator of soil microbial activity) by 30.4 and 86.7% at Arraba and Kurtzegan site, respectively. Liming treatments significantly improved forage yield and nutritive value in Arraba but not in Kurtzegan. Furthermore, no differences in soil biological quality, evaluated using the 'treated-soil quality index' as proposed in this work, were observed between treated and untreated soils, and between the two different lime treatments (lime, calcareous sand). It was concluded that, in acid-soil temperate mountainous grasslands, moderate liming treatments have no negative short-term effects either on soil quality or botanical composition, while resulting in improvements in forage yield and nutritive value under some conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Oxides", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Calcium Compounds", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Spain", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oxidoreductases", "Soil Microbiology", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41396-020-00750-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-06", "title": "Acidobacteria are active and abundant members of diverse atmospheric H2-oxidizing communities detected in temperate soils", "description": "AbstractSignificant rates of atmospheric dihydrogen (H2) consumption have been observed in temperate soils due to the activity of high-affinity enzymes, such as the group 1h [NiFe]-hydrogenase. We designed broadly inclusive primers targeting the large subunit gene (hhyL) of group 1h [NiFe]-hydrogenases for long-read sequencing to explore its taxonomic distribution across soils. This approach revealed a diverse collection of microorganisms harboring hhyL, including previously unknown groups and taxonomically not assignable sequences. Acidobacterial group 1h [NiFe]-hydrogenase genes were abundant and expressed in temperate soils. To support the participation of acidobacteria in H2 consumption, we studied two representative mesophilic soil acidobacteria, which expressed group 1h [NiFe]-hydrogenases and consumed atmospheric H2 during carbon starvation. This is the first time mesophilic acidobacteria, which are abundant in ubiquitous temperate soils, have been shown to oxidize H2 down to below atmospheric concentrations. As this physiology allows bacteria to survive periods of carbon starvation, it could explain the success of soil acidobacteria. With our long-read sequencing approach of group 1h [NiFe]-hydrogenase genes, we show that the ability to oxidize atmospheric levels of H2 is more widely distributed among soil bacteria than previously recognized and could represent a common mechanism enabling bacteria to persist during periods of carbon deprivation.The pedogenesis from the mineral substrate released upon glacier melting has been explained with the succession of consortia of pioneer microorganisms, whose structure and functionality are determined by the environmental conditions developing in the moraine. However, the microbiome variability that can be expected in the environmentally heterogeneous niches occurring in a moraine at a given successional stage is poorly investigated. In a 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89m2 area in the forefield of the Lobuche glacier (Himalayas, 5050\uffe2\uff80\uff89m above sea level), we studied six sites of primary colonization presenting different topographical features (orientation, elevation and slope) and harbouring greyish/dark biological soil crusts (BSCs). The spatial vicinity of the sites opposed to their topographical differences, allowed us to examine the effect of environmental conditions independently from the time of deglaciation. The bacterial microbiome diversity and their co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurrence network, the bacterial metabolisms predicted from 16S rRNA gene high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput sequencing, and the microbiome intact polar lipids were investigated in the BSCs and the underlying sediment deep layers (DLs). Different bacterial microbiomes inhabited the BSCs and the DLs, and their composition varied among sites, indicating a niche\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific role of the micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90environmental conditions in the bacterial communities' assembly. In the heterogeneous sediments of glacier moraines, physico\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical and micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic variations at the site\uffe2\uff80\uff90spatial scale are crucial in shaping the microbiome microvariability and structuring the pioneer bacterial communities during pedogenesis.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Pedogenesis", "0303 health sciences", "Glacier Foreland Succession", "Bacteria", "Biological soil crust", "15. Life on land", "Primary Colonization", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Glacier Moraines", "Cold Deserts", "Pioneer Bacterial Communities", "Ice Cover", "Soil moisture", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/949070/2/Rolli%20et%20al%202022%20Environmental%20micro%e2%80%90niche%20filtering%20shapes%20bacterial%20pioneer%20communities.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=302678/40A25368-9064-4886-B8E6-E7942511FA71.pdf&pub_id=302678"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.16268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.16268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.16268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.135", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-27", "title": "Biochar Decreased Microbial Metabolic Quotient And Shifted Community Composition Four Years After A Single Incorporation In A Slightly Acid Rice Paddy From Southwest China", "description": "While numerous studies both in laboratory and field have showed short term impacts of biochar on soil microbial community, there have been comparatively few reports addressing its long term impacts particular in field condition. This study investigated the changes of microbial community activity and composition in a rice paddy four years after a single incorporation of biochar at 20 and 40t/ha. The results indicated that biochar amendment after four years increased soil pH, soil organic C (SOC), total N and C/N ratio and decreased bulk density, particularly for the 40t/ha treatment compared to the control (0t/ha). Though no significant difference was observed in soil basal respiration, biochar amendment increased soil microbial biomass C and resulted in a significantly lower metabolic quotient. Besides, dehydrogenase and \u03b2-glucosidase activities were significantly decreased under biochar amendment relative to the control. The results of Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that biochar increased \u03b1-diversity of bacteria but decreased that of fungi and changed both bacterial and fungal community structures significantly. Biochar did not change the relative abundances of majority of bacteria at phylum level with the exception of a significant reduction of Actinobacteria, but significantly changed most of bacterial groups at genus level, particularly at 40t/ha. In contrast, biochar significantly decreased the relative abundances of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota by 11% and 66% and increased the relative abundances of Zygomycota by 147% at 40t/ha compared to the non-amended soil. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that biochar induced changes in soil chemical properties, such as pH, SOC and C/N, were important factors driving community composition shifts. This study suggested that biochar amendment may increase microbial C use efficiency and reduce some microorganisms that are capable of decomposing more recalcitrant soil C, which may help stabilization of soil organic matter in paddy soil in long term.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Microbiota", "Fungi", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bacterial Physiological Phenomena", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Seasons", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.135"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.135", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.135", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.135"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "ftunivhohenheim:oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:30:16Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Soil microorganisms as hidden miners of phosphorus in soils under different cover crop and tillage treatments", "description": "Phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting plant nutrients for agricultural production. The soil microbial community plays a key role in nutrient cycling, affecting access of roots to P, as well as mobilization and mineralization of organic P (Porg). This thesis aimed to better understand the potential of cover crops to enhance plant-soil-microbe interactions to improve the availability of P. This dissertation consists of a meta-analysis of and two field experiments. The used methods showed that microbial P, the activity of P-cycling enzymes and PLFAs increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and to a lesser extent also arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, increased their abundance with cover crops. However, saprotrophic fungi could benefit most from the substrate input derived from cover crop roots or litter. Enzyme-stable Porg shifted towards pools of a greater lability in the active soil compartments (rhizosheath and detritusphere). The effects of agricultural management, such as cover crop species choice and tillage, were detectable, but weaker compared to the effect of the presence of cover crops. With the obtained results, the research aims of this thesis could be successfully addressed. We were able to confirm that cover crops have the potential to improve main crops\u0092 access to P. Furthermore, we presented and discussed three pathways of P benefit. In the plant biomass pathway, P is cycled through cover crop biomass and becomes available for the main crop upon litter decomposition. The microbial enhancement pathway describes how the cover crop\u0092s interaction with soil microbes increases their abundance and activity, thereby increasing the availability of Porg. Some cover crop species seem to be capable of utilizing a biochemical modification pathway, where changes in the sorption capacity of the soil result in a greater quantity of plant-available phosphate. However, the latter pathway was apparently not important in the crop rotations used in our field experiments. The data also allowed us to characterize ways in which plant-soil-microbe interactions under cover crops affected the relationship of soil microbial functions to the enzymatic availability of Porg pools. Cover crops increased the abundance and activity of microbes, especially fungi, as well as microbial P. This enhancement in P-cycling potential shifted Porg toward pools of greater availability to added enzymes. However, the relation between enzymes and Porg pools is complex and is possibly affected by soil P composition and other site characteristics, indicating the need for further research in this area. Finally, we elucidated how the choice of cover crop species and agricultural management can shift the relative importance of the pathways for the P benefit of the main crop, while site-specific management allows farmers to adapt to local conditions and to optimize the functions of their agroecosystems. In conclusion, our results indicate that the pathways of cover crop derived P benefit take place simultaneously. We confirmed the potential of cover crop biomass for the cycling of P, and we suggest that our observed increases in the availability of soil Porg are related to microbial abundance and activity. The interactions of cover cropping and tillage indicate also that P benefit can be optimized by management decisions. Finally, these new insights into soil phosphorus cycling in agroecosystems have the potential to support further development of more sustainable agricultural systems. Phosphor (P) ist einer der wichtigsten limitierenden Naehrstoffe fuer das Pflanzenwachstum in der Landwirtschaft. Bodenmikroben spielen eine Schluesselrolle in Naehrstoffkreislaeufen, beeinflussen das Wachstum von Pflanzenwurzeln, die Mobilisierung sowie die Mineralisierung von organischem P (Porg) und somit den Zugang zu P. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war die Einschaetzung des Potentials von Zwischenfruechten zur Verbesserung der Interaktionen im System Pflanze-Boden-Mikroben und einer dadurch moeglichen Steigerung der P-Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfruechte. Diese Dissertation umfasst drei wissenschaftliche Veroeffentlichungen: Eine Literaturrecherche und Meta-Analyse sowie zwei selbst durchgefuehrte Feldexperimente. Die verwendeten Methoden zeigten, dass Zwischenfruechte den P-Gehalt in der mikrobiellen Biomasse, die Aktivitaet von Phosphatasen und mikrobielle Fettsaeuremarker (PLFAs) erhoehen, was auf ein gesteigertes Umsatzpotential von organischen Phosphorverbindungen hindeutet. Die Abundanz von grampositiven und gramnegativen Bakterien, sowie in geringerem Umfang auch von arbuskulaeren Mykorrhizapilzen, wurde durch Zwischenfruechte erhoeht. Gleichwohl waren saprotrophe Bodenpilze die mikrobielle Gruppe, die am meisten von der Substratzufuhr der Wurzeln und Streu profitieren konnte. Stabiles P wurde in den aktiven Bodenzonen der Rhizosphaere und Detritusphaere in labilere Porg-Pools transformiert. Bewirtschaftungseffekte, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht oder Bodenbearbeitung, waren erkennbar, aber wesentlich schwaecher ausgepraegt als der Zwischenfruchteffekt insgesamt. Unsere Ergebnisse bestaetigen, dass Zwischenfruchtanbau zur Steigerung der P - Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfrucht fuehren kann. Darueber hinaus konnten wir fuer den P- Vorteil drei grundsaetzliche Wirkungspfade aufzeigen, die in aktiven Bodenraeumen stattfinden. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084Pflanzenbiomasse\u0093 wird P aus dem Boden in die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht aufgenommen und waehrend der Zersetzung der Streu fuer die Hauptfrucht verfuegbar. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084mikrobielle Verstaerkung\u0093 steigert die Zwischenfrucht im Wurzelraum die Biomasse und Aktivitaet der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaft, wodurch diese die Verfuegbarkeit von Porg erhoehen kann. Durch den Wirkungspfad \u0084biochemische Modifikation\u0093 scheinen manche Zwischenfruchtarten in der Lage zu sein, ueber Wurzelexsudate die P-Sorption im Boden zu senken und dadurch den Anteil an pflanzenverfuegbarem Phosphat zu erhoehen. Weiterhin ermoeglichen die erhobenen Daten die Diskussion, inwiefern mikrobielle Funktionen und die Mineralisierbarkeit von Porg zusammenhaengen und wie die Interaktionen von Pflanzen beeinflusst werden. Zwischenfruechte steigerten sowohl die Abundanz und Aktivitaet von Mikroben, als auch die Menge an P in der mikrobiellen Biomasse. Diese Potentialsteigerung des P-Kreislaufs steigerte die Verfuegbarkeit des Porg fuer zugefuegte Enzyme. Es muss bedacht werden, dass die Rueckkopplungen zwischen Enzymaktivitaet und verschiedenen Porg-Pools komplex sind. Diese haengen von den lokalen Eigenschaften des Bodens, wie etwa der Zusammensetzung des P-Vorrats, ab und sollten durch zukuenftige Studien geklaert werden. Drittens zeigen unsere Untersuchungen, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht und die der Bewirtschaftung (z.B. Bodenbearbeitung oder Fruchtfolge) die relative Gewichtung der verschiedenen Pfade des P-Vorteils fuer die Hauptfrucht beeinflussen. Standortangepasste Zwischenfruchtsysteme erlauben es Landwirt:innen, die Funktionen ihres Agrooekosystems hinsichtlich der lokalen Bedingungen zu optimieren. Zusammenfassend bestaetigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass der P-Bedarf der Hauptfrucht ueber die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht gedeckt werden kann und zeigen auf, dass die charakterisierten drei Pfade des P-Vorteils durch Zwischenfruchtanbau parallel stattfinden. Schlie\u00dflich koennen die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ueber den Phosphorkreislauf, basierend auf der Kombination von bodenmikrobiologischen Methoden mit der Charakterisierung der Labilitaet von Porg, zur zukuenftigen Entwicklung einer nachhaltigeren Landwirtschaft beitragen.", "keywords": ["830", "Bodenmikrobiologie", "Fruchtfolge", "phosphorus mobilization", "Agriculture", "Phosphor", "N\u00e4hrstoffkreislauf", "Zwischenfrucht", "630", "soil microbiology", "Bodenmikroorganismus", "sustainable agriculture", "nutrient management", "ddc:630", "Phosphorkreislauf"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hallama, Moritz", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/ftunivhohenheim:oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ftunivhohenheim:oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "name": "item", "description": "ftunivhohenheim:oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ftunivhohenheim:oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120608", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-01", "title": "Tree species traits and mycorrhizal association shape soil microbial communities via litter quality and species mediated soil properties", "description": "Open AccessLes sols abritent une grande diversit\u00e9 de microbiote du sol, qui jouent un r\u00f4le crucial dans les processus \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques cl\u00e9s tels que la transformation de la liti\u00e8re et la min\u00e9ralisation, mais la fa\u00e7on dont les interactions complexes plante-sol fa\u00e7onnent la diversit\u00e9 et la composition du microbiote du sol reste insaisissable. Nous avons effectu\u00e9 le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age de l'amplicon de l'ADN isol\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de la couche arable min\u00e9rale de six arbres europ\u00e9ens communs plant\u00e9s dans des peuplements de monoculture de jardins communs multi-sites d'\u00e9rables \u00e0 feuilles larges et de fr\u00eanes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des mycorhizes arbusculaires (MA), de h\u00eatres \u00e0 feuilles larges, de chaux et de ch\u00eanes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des champignons ectomycorhiziens (MCE) et d'\u00e9pinettes de conif\u00e8res associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la MCE. L'objectif principal de cette \u00e9tude \u00e9tait d'\u00e9valuer les effets de l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, des traits et des associations mycorhiziennes sur la diversit\u00e9, la structure de la communaut\u00e9, la coh\u00e9sion et le changement dans l'abondance relative des groupes taxonomiques et fonctionnels de bact\u00e9ries, de champignons et de n\u00e9matodes du sol. Nos r\u00e9sultats ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les sols sous les feuillus abritaient une plus grande richesse en bact\u00e9ries, champignons et n\u00e9matodes que sous l'\u00e9pinette de Norv\u00e8ge. Les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres \u00e0 feuilles larges associ\u00e9es aux champignons de la MA ont montr\u00e9 une plus grande coh\u00e9sion des communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes et fongiques que les arbres \u00e0 feuilles larges associ\u00e9s aux champignons de la mec, mais la coh\u00e9sion des communaut\u00e9s de n\u00e9matodes \u00e9tait plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e sous les arbres associ\u00e9s aux champignons de la mec que sous les arbres associ\u00e9s aux champignons de la MA. Les bact\u00e9ries copiotrophes, les saprotrophes fongiques et les n\u00e9matodes bact\u00e9rivores \u00e9taient associ\u00e9s au fr\u00eane, \u00e0 l'\u00e9rable et \u00e0 la chaux ayant un pH du sol \u00e9lev\u00e9 et des indices de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re \u00e9lev\u00e9s, tandis que les bact\u00e9ries oligotrophes, les champignons ectomycorhiziens et les n\u00e9matodes fongivores \u00e9taient associ\u00e9s au h\u00eatre, au ch\u00eane et \u00e0 l'\u00e9pinette de Norv\u00e8ge qui avaient un pH du sol faible et des indices de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re faibles. Les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es aux champignons AM pr\u00e9sentaient une forte proportion de bact\u00e9ries copiotrophes et de champignons saprotrophes, tandis que les arbres associ\u00e9s aux champignons ECM pr\u00e9sentaient une abondance relative \u00e9lev\u00e9e de bact\u00e9ries oligotrophes, de champignons ECM et de n\u00e9matodes fongivores. Les diff\u00e9rentes abondances de ces groupes fonctionnels soutiennent l'\u00e9conomie nutritive plus inorganique des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres AM par rapport \u00e0 l'\u00e9conomie nutritive plus organique des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres ECM. La communaut\u00e9 bact\u00e9rienne a \u00e9t\u00e9 indirectement affect\u00e9e par la qualit\u00e9 de la liti\u00e8re via les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol, tandis que la communaut\u00e9 fongique a \u00e9t\u00e9 directement affect\u00e9e par la qualit\u00e9 de la liti\u00e8re et les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres. Les groupes fonctionnels des n\u00e9matodes refl\u00e9taient les communaut\u00e9s de bact\u00e9ries et de champignons, indiquant ainsi les groupes principaux et actifs des communaut\u00e9s microbiennes sp\u00e9cifiques aux esp\u00e8ces d'arbres. Notre \u00e9tude a sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 que l'identit\u00e9, les traits et l'association mycorhizienne des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres fa\u00e7onnent consid\u00e9rablement les communaut\u00e9s microbiennes via un effet direct de la chimie de la liti\u00e8re ainsi que via les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol m\u00e9di\u00e9es par la liti\u00e8re.", "keywords": ["Fagus sylvatica", "Soil Science", "Plant Science", "Plant litter", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil biology", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Saproxylic Insect Ecology and Forest Management", "Soil microbiota", "Symbiosis", "Plant Interactions", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Amplicon sequencing", "Beech", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Common garden experiment", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Ectomycorrhiza", "Insect Science", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Functional groups", "Community cohesion", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Trophic interactions", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Mycorrhiza"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120608"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120608", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120608", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120608"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:32:30Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Soil microorganisms as hidden miners of phosphorus in soils under different cover crop and tillage treatments", "description": "Phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting plant nutrients for agricultural production. The soil microbial community plays a key role in nutrient cycling, affecting access of roots to P, as well as mobilization and mineralization of organic P (Porg). This thesis aimed to better understand the potential of cover crops to enhance plant-soil-microbe interactions to improve the availability of P. This dissertation consists of a meta-analysis of and two field experiments. The used methods showed that microbial P, the activity of P-cycling enzymes and PLFAs increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and to a lesser extent also arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, increased their abundance with cover crops. However, saprotrophic fungi could benefit most from the substrate input derived from cover crop roots or litter. Enzyme-stable Porg shifted towards pools of a greater lability in the active soil compartments (rhizosheath and detritusphere). The effects of agricultural management, such as cover crop species choice and tillage, were detectable, but weaker compared to the effect of the presence of cover crops. With the obtained results, the research aims of this thesis could be successfully addressed. We were able to confirm that cover crops have the potential to improve main crops\u0092 access to P. Furthermore, we presented and discussed three pathways of P benefit. In the plant biomass pathway, P is cycled through cover crop biomass and becomes available for the main crop upon litter decomposition. The microbial enhancement pathway describes how the cover crop\u0092s interaction with soil microbes increases their abundance and activity, thereby increasing the availability of Porg. Some cover crop species seem to be capable of utilizing a biochemical modification pathway, where changes in the sorption capacity of the soil result in a greater quantity of plant-available phosphate. However, the latter pathway was apparently not important in the crop rotations used in our field experiments. The data also allowed us to characterize ways in which plant-soil-microbe interactions under cover crops affected the relationship of soil microbial functions to the enzymatic availability of Porg pools. Cover crops increased the abundance and activity of microbes, especially fungi, as well as microbial P. This enhancement in P-cycling potential shifted Porg toward pools of greater availability to added enzymes. However, the relation between enzymes and Porg pools is complex and is possibly affected by soil P composition and other site characteristics, indicating the need for further research in this area. Finally, we elucidated how the choice of cover crop species and agricultural management can shift the relative importance of the pathways for the P benefit of the main crop, while site-specific management allows farmers to adapt to local conditions and to optimize the functions of their agroecosystems. In conclusion, our results indicate that the pathways of cover crop derived P benefit take place simultaneously. We confirmed the potential of cover crop biomass for the cycling of P, and we suggest that our observed increases in the availability of soil Porg are related to microbial abundance and activity. The interactions of cover cropping and tillage indicate also that P benefit can be optimized by management decisions. Finally, these new insights into soil phosphorus cycling in agroecosystems have the potential to support further development of more sustainable agricultural systems. Phosphor (P) ist einer der wichtigsten limitierenden Naehrstoffe fuer das Pflanzenwachstum in der Landwirtschaft. Bodenmikroben spielen eine Schluesselrolle in Naehrstoffkreislaeufen, beeinflussen das Wachstum von Pflanzenwurzeln, die Mobilisierung sowie die Mineralisierung von organischem P (Porg) und somit den Zugang zu P. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war die Einschaetzung des Potentials von Zwischenfruechten zur Verbesserung der Interaktionen im System Pflanze-Boden-Mikroben und einer dadurch moeglichen Steigerung der P-Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfruechte. Diese Dissertation umfasst drei wissenschaftliche Veroeffentlichungen: Eine Literaturrecherche und Meta-Analyse sowie zwei selbst durchgefuehrte Feldexperimente. Die verwendeten Methoden zeigten, dass Zwischenfruechte den P-Gehalt in der mikrobiellen Biomasse, die Aktivitaet von Phosphatasen und mikrobielle Fettsaeuremarker (PLFAs) erhoehen, was auf ein gesteigertes Umsatzpotential von organischen Phosphorverbindungen hindeutet. Die Abundanz von grampositiven und gramnegativen Bakterien, sowie in geringerem Umfang auch von arbuskulaeren Mykorrhizapilzen, wurde durch Zwischenfruechte erhoeht. Gleichwohl waren saprotrophe Bodenpilze die mikrobielle Gruppe, die am meisten von der Substratzufuhr der Wurzeln und Streu profitieren konnte. Stabiles P wurde in den aktiven Bodenzonen der Rhizosphaere und Detritusphaere in labilere Porg-Pools transformiert. Bewirtschaftungseffekte, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht oder Bodenbearbeitung, waren erkennbar, aber wesentlich schwaecher ausgepraegt als der Zwischenfruchteffekt insgesamt. Unsere Ergebnisse bestaetigen, dass Zwischenfruchtanbau zur Steigerung der P - Verfuegbarkeit fuer die Hauptfrucht fuehren kann. Darueber hinaus konnten wir fuer den P- Vorteil drei grundsaetzliche Wirkungspfade aufzeigen, die in aktiven Bodenraeumen stattfinden. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084Pflanzenbiomasse\u0093 wird P aus dem Boden in die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht aufgenommen und waehrend der Zersetzung der Streu fuer die Hauptfrucht verfuegbar. UEber den Wirkungspfad \u0084mikrobielle Verstaerkung\u0093 steigert die Zwischenfrucht im Wurzelraum die Biomasse und Aktivitaet der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaft, wodurch diese die Verfuegbarkeit von Porg erhoehen kann. Durch den Wirkungspfad \u0084biochemische Modifikation\u0093 scheinen manche Zwischenfruchtarten in der Lage zu sein, ueber Wurzelexsudate die P-Sorption im Boden zu senken und dadurch den Anteil an pflanzenverfuegbarem Phosphat zu erhoehen. Weiterhin ermoeglichen die erhobenen Daten die Diskussion, inwiefern mikrobielle Funktionen und die Mineralisierbarkeit von Porg zusammenhaengen und wie die Interaktionen von Pflanzen beeinflusst werden. Zwischenfruechte steigerten sowohl die Abundanz und Aktivitaet von Mikroben, als auch die Menge an P in der mikrobiellen Biomasse. Diese Potentialsteigerung des P-Kreislaufs steigerte die Verfuegbarkeit des Porg fuer zugefuegte Enzyme. Es muss bedacht werden, dass die Rueckkopplungen zwischen Enzymaktivitaet und verschiedenen Porg-Pools komplex sind. Diese haengen von den lokalen Eigenschaften des Bodens, wie etwa der Zusammensetzung des P-Vorrats, ab und sollten durch zukuenftige Studien geklaert werden. Drittens zeigen unsere Untersuchungen, wie die Wahl der Zwischenfrucht und die der Bewirtschaftung (z.B. Bodenbearbeitung oder Fruchtfolge) die relative Gewichtung der verschiedenen Pfade des P-Vorteils fuer die Hauptfrucht beeinflussen. Standortangepasste Zwischenfruchtsysteme erlauben es Landwirt:innen, die Funktionen ihres Agrooekosystems hinsichtlich der lokalen Bedingungen zu optimieren. Zusammenfassend bestaetigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass der P-Bedarf der Hauptfrucht ueber die Biomasse der Zwischenfrucht gedeckt werden kann und zeigen auf, dass die charakterisierten drei Pfade des P-Vorteils durch Zwischenfruchtanbau parallel stattfinden. Schlie\u00dflich koennen die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ueber den Phosphorkreislauf, basierend auf der Kombination von bodenmikrobiologischen Methoden mit der Charakterisierung der Labilitaet von Porg, zur zukuenftigen Entwicklung einer nachhaltigeren Landwirtschaft beitragen.", "keywords": ["830", "Bodenmikrobiologie", "Fruchtfolge", "phosphorus mobilization", "Agriculture", "Phosphor", "N\u00e4hrstoffkreislauf", "Zwischenfrucht", "630", "soil microbiology", "Bodenmikroorganismus", "sustainable agriculture", "nutrient management", "ddc:630", "Phosphorkreislauf"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hallama, Moritz", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "name": "item", "description": "oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:opus.uni-hohenheim.de:2046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC5507504", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:28:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-13", "title": "Organic farming enhances soil microbial abundance and activity\u2014A meta-analysis and meta-regression", "description": "Population growth and climate change challenge our food and farming systems and provide arguments for an increased intensification of agriculture. A promising option is eco-functional intensification through organic farming, an approach based on using and enhancing internal natural resources and processes to secure and improve agricultural productivity, while minimizing negative environmental impacts. In this concept an active soil microbiota plays an important role for various soil based ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, erosion control and pest and disease regulation. Several studies have reported a positive effect of organic farming on soil health and quality including microbial community traits. However, so far no systematic quantification of whether organic farming systems comprise larger and more active soil microbial communities compared to conventional farming systems was performed on a global scale. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on current literature to quantify possible differences in key indicators for soil microbial abundance and activity in organic and conventional cropping systems. All together we integrated data from 56 mainly peer-reviewed papers into our analysis, including 149 pairwise comparisons originating from different climatic zones and experimental duration ranging from 3 to more than 100 years. Overall, we found that organic systems had 32% to 84% greater microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, total phospholipid fatty-acids, and dehydrogenase, urease and protease activities than conventional systems. Exclusively the metabolic quotient as an indicator for stresses on microbial communities remained unaffected by the farming systems. Categorical subgroup analysis revealed that crop rotation, the inclusion of legumes in the crop rotation and organic inputs are important farming practices affecting soil microbial community size and activity. Furthermore, we show that differences in microbial size and activity between organic and conventional farming systems vary as a function of land use (arable, orchards, and grassland), plant life cycle (annual and perennial) and climatic zone. In summary, this study shows that overall organic farming enhances total microbial abundance and activity in agricultural soils on a global scale.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Organic Agriculture", "Science", "Climate", "Microbiota", "Q", "R", "Fabaceae", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "Life Science", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Soil Microbiology", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC5507504"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC5507504", "name": "item", "description": "PMC5507504", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC5507504"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "00682004-c6b9-4c1d-8b40-3afff8bbec69", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[11.16, 47.52], [11.16, 47.52], [11.16, 47.52], [11.16, 47.52], [11.16, 47.52]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "environmental factors"}, {"id": "water"}, {"id": "Soil analysis"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil amendments"}, {"id": "Soil biology"}, {"id": "Temperature profile"}, {"id": "moisture content"}, {"id": "Temperature"}, {"id": "Soil temperature"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil profile"}, {"id": "soil moisture"}, {"id": "temperature"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "farming systems"}, {"id": "Grassland management"}, {"id": "Grassland soils"}, {"id": "grasslands"}, {"id": "permanent grasslands"}, {"id": "agriculture"}, {"id": "agricultural practices"}, {"id": "Climatic change"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. (e.g. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS's research activities.\u201d Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, BonaRes Module A-Project- SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does BonaRes Module A-Project-SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project-SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner/author.)", "updated": "2020-02-14", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-12-05", "language": "eng", "title": "SUSALPS temperature and volumetric soil water content Esterberg Subplot 3 in Esterberg intensiv", "description": "Grassland is a precious good. Grassland contributes to food security by providing fodder for dairy and beef farming, storing nutrients and increasing biodiversity. These functions that secure the fertility and yields of soil are jeopardized by climate change, especially in monane and alpine areas.\nIn SUSALPS, scientists, authorities and farmers work together to investigate the influence of climate change on i) plant biodiversity, ii) C and N storage, iii) greenhouse gas exchange, iv) socio economic conditions that influence decision making of farmers.\nA central experimental aspect is the translocation of soil mesocosms from higher elevation to lower elevation (Esterberg site at 1200m, Graswang site at 860m, Fendt at 600m, Bayreuth at 300m). To reflect the spatial heterogeneity of soils, mesocosms from three different subplots approx. 100-300m apart from each other are translocated. Since temperatures are higher and precipitation is lower in lower elevation, the translocated mesocosms experience climate change.\nThis dataset contains daily average soil temperature and volumetric soil water content in 5 and 15 cm depth.\nTreatment: Esterberg Subplot 3 in Esterberg intensiv\nDevice: Decagon 5TM\nTimescale: Daily average\nDepths: 5 and 15 cm", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["environmental factors", "water", "Soil analysis", "Soil", "soil amendments", "Soil biology", "Temperature profile", "moisture content", "Temperature", "Soil temperature", "soil profile", "soil moisture", "temperature", "farming systems", "Grassland management", "Grassland soils", "grasslands", "permanent grasslands", "agriculture", "agricultural practices", "Climatic change", "Boden", "opendata"], "contacts": [{"name": "Kiese, Ralf", "organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ralf.kiese@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Garmisch-Partenkirchen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "82467", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Kiese, Ralf", "organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ralf.kiese@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=00682004-c6b9-4c1d-8b40-3afff8bbec69", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/217290dd-a23f-4734-96d5-71b878a2fca8", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "00682004-c6b9-4c1d-8b40-3afff8bbec69", "name": "item", "description": "00682004-c6b9-4c1d-8b40-3afff8bbec69", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/00682004-c6b9-4c1d-8b40-3afff8bbec69"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2016-08-11T00:00:00Z", "2018-10-09T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.1002/eap.1648", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Crop rotations for increased soil carbon: perenniality as a guiding principle", "description": "AbstractMore diverse crop rotations have been promoted for their potential to remediate the range of ecosystem services compromised by biologically simplified grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90based agroecosystems, including increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). We hypothesized that functional diversity offers a more predictive means of characterizing the impact of crop rotations on SOC concentrations than species diversity per se. Furthermore, we hypothesized that functional diversity can either increase or decrease SOC depending on its associated carbon (C) input to soil. We compiled a database of 27 cropping system sites and 169 cropping systems, recorded the species and functional diversity of crop rotations, SOC concentrations (g C kg/soil), nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications (kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and estimated C input to soil (Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). We categorized crop rotations into three broad categories: grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, grain rotations with cover crops, and grain rotations with perennial crops. We divided the grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations into two sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90categories: cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations and those that included both cereals and a legume grain. We compared changes in SOC and C input using mean effect sizes and 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. Cover cropped and perennial cropped rotations, relative to grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, increased C input by 42% and 23% and SOC concentrations by 6.3% and 12.5%, respectively. Within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations decreased total C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9216%), root C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9212%), and SOC (\uffe2\uff88\uff925.3%) relative to cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. We found no effect of species diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. N fertilizer rates mediated the effect of functional diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only crop rotations: at low N fertilizer rates (\uffe2\uff89\uffa475\uffc2\uffa0kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), the decrease in SOC with cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations was less than at high N fertilizer rates. Our results show that increasing the functional diversity of crop rotations is more likely to increase SOC concentrations if it is accompanied by an increase in C input. Functionally diverse perennial and cover cropped rotations increased both C input and SOC concentrations, potentially by exploiting niches in time that would otherwise be unproductive, that is, increasing the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cperenniality\uffe2\uff80\uff9d of crop rotations.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "Poaceae", "sustainable agriculture", "Soil", "meta\u2010analysis", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "soil carbon", "Organic Chemicals", "perennials", "Fertilizers", "nitrogen fertilizer", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eap.1648", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eap.1648", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "07388e86-f38b-469a-9910-6e24af66bbf5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[11.07, 47.83], [11.07, 47.83], [11.07, 47.83], [11.07, 47.83], [11.07, 47.83]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "environmental factors"}, {"id": "water"}, {"id": "Soil analysis"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil amendments"}, {"id": "Soil biology"}, {"id": "Temperature profile"}, {"id": "moisture content"}, {"id": "Temperature"}, {"id": "Soil temperature"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil profile"}, {"id": "soil moisture"}, {"id": "temperature"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "farming systems"}, {"id": "Grassland management"}, {"id": "Grassland soils"}, {"id": "grasslands"}, {"id": "permanent grasslands"}, {"id": "agriculture"}, {"id": "agricultural practices"}, {"id": "Climatic change"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. (e.g. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS's research activities.\u201d Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, BonaRes Module A-Project- SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does BonaRes Module A-Project-SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project-SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner/author.)", "updated": "2020-02-14", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-12-05", "language": "eng", "title": "SUSALPS temperature and volumetric soil water content Graswang Subplot 1 in Fendt intensiv", "description": "Grassland is a precious good. Grassland contributes to food security by providing fodder for dairy and beef farming, storing nutrients and increasing biodiversity. These functions that secure the fertility and yields of soil are jeopardized by climate change, especially in monane and alpine areas. In SUSALPS, scientists, authorities and farmers work together to investigate the influence of climate change on i) plant biodiversity, ii) C and N storage, iii) greenhouse gas exchange, iv) socio economic conditions that influence decision making of farmers. A central experimental aspect is the translocation of soil mesocosms from higher elevation to lower elevation (Esterberg site at 1200m, Graswang site at 860m, Fendt at 600m, Bayreuth at 300m). To reflect the spatial heterogeneity of soils, mesocosms from three different subplots approx. 100-300m apart from each other are translocated. Since temperatures are higher and precipitation is lower in lower elevation, the translocated mesocosms experience climate change. This dataset contains daily average soil temperature and volumetric soil water content in 5 and 15 cm depth. Treatment: Graswang Subplot 1 in Fendt intensiv Device: Decagon 5TM Timescale: Daily average Depths: 5 and 15 cm", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["environmental factors", "water", "Soil analysis", "Soil", "soil amendments", "Soil biology", "Temperature profile", "moisture content", "Temperature", "Soil temperature", "soil profile", "soil moisture", "temperature", "farming systems", "Grassland management", "Grassland soils", "grasslands", "permanent grasslands", "agriculture", "agricultural practices", "Climatic change", "Boden", "opendata"], "contacts": [{"name": "Kiese, Ralf", "organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ralf.kiese@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Garmisch-Partenkirchen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "82467", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Kiese, Ralf", "organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ralf.kiese@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=07388e86-f38b-469a-9910-6e24af66bbf5", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/217290dd-a23f-4734-96d5-71b878a2fca8", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "07388e86-f38b-469a-9910-6e24af66bbf5", "name": "item", "description": "07388e86-f38b-469a-9910-6e24af66bbf5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/07388e86-f38b-469a-9910-6e24af66bbf5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2016-08-11T00:00:00Z", "2018-10-09T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-15", "title": "Microbial Community Structure And Oxidative Enzyme Activity In Nitrogen-Amended North Temperate Forest Soils", "description": "Large regions of temperate forest are subject to elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition which can affect soil organic matter dynamics by altering mass loss rates, soil respiration, and dissolved organic matter production. At present there is no general model that links these responses to changes in the organization and operation of microbial decomposer communities. Toward that end, we studied the response of litter and soil microbial communities to high levels of N amendment (30 and 80 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) in three types of northern temperate forest: sugar maple/basswood (SMBW), sugar maple/red oak (SMRO), and white oak/black oak (WOBO). We measured the activity of extracellular enzymes (EEA) involved directly in the oxidation of lignin and humus (phenol oxidase, peroxidase), and indirectly, through the production of hydrogen peroxide (glucose oxidase, glyoxal oxidase). Community composition was analyzed by extracting and quantifying phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) from soils. Litter EEA responses at SMBW sites diverged from those at oak-bearing sites (SMRO, BOWO), but the changes were not statistically significant. For soil, EEA responses were consistent across forests types: phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities declined as a function of N dose (33-73% and 5-41%, respectively, depending on forest type); glucose oxidase and glyoxal oxidase activities increased (200-400% and 150-300%, respectively, depending on forest type). Principal component analysis (PCA) ordinated forest types and treatment responses along two axes; factor 1 (44% of variance) was associated with phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities, factor 2 (31%) with glucose oxidase. Microbial biomass did not respond to N treatment, but nine of the 23 PLFA that formed >1 mol% of total biomass showed statistically significant treatment responses. PCA ordinated forest types and treatment responses along three axes (36%, 26%, 12% of variance). EEA factors 1 and 2 correlated negatively with PLFA factor 1 ( r = -0.20 and -0.35, respectively, n = 108) and positively with PLFA factor 3 ( r = +0.36 and +0.20, respectively, n = 108). In general, EEA responses were more strongly tied to changes in bacterial PLFA than to changes in fungal PLFA. Collectively, our data suggests that N inhibition of oxidative activity involves more than the repression of ligninase expression by white-rot basidiomycetes.", "keywords": ["Michigan", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Nature Conservation", "Microbiology", "Trees", "Soil", "Geoecology/Natural Processes", "Health Sciences", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Analysis of Variance", "Principal Component Analysis", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Enzymes", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-003-9001-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-009-9508-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-30", "title": "Comparative Resistance And Resilience Of Soil Microbial Communities And Enzyme Activities In Adjacent Native Forest And Agricultural Soils", "description": "Degradation of soil properties following deforestation and long-term soil cultivation may lead to decreases in soil microbial diversity and functional stability. In this study, we investigated the differences in the stability (resistance and resilience) of microbial community composition and enzyme activities in adjacent soils under either native tropical forest (FST) or in agricultural cropping use for 14 years (AGR). Mineral soil samples (0 to 5 cm) from both areas were incubated at 40 degrees C, 50 degrees C, 60 degrees C, or 70 degrees C for 15 min in order to successively reduce the microbial biomass. Three and 30 days after the heat shocks, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, cellulase and laccase activities, and phospholipid-derived fatty acids-based microbial community composition were measured. Microbial biomass was reduced up to 25% in both soils 3 days after the heat shocks. The higher initial values of microbial biomass, enzyme activity, total and particulate soil organic carbon, and aggregate stability in the FST soil coincided with higher enzymatic stability after heat shocks. FDA hydrolysis activity was less affected (more resistance) and cellulase and laccase activities recovered more rapidly (more resilience) in the FST soil relative to the AGR counterpart. In the AGR soil, laccase activity did not show resilience to any heat shock level up to 30 days after the disturbance. Within each soil type, the microbial community composition did not differ between heat shock and control samples at day 3. However, at day 30, FST soil samples treated at 60 degrees C and 70 degrees C contained a microbial community significantly different from the control and with lower biomass regardless of high enzyme resilience. Results of this study show that deforestation followed by long-term cultivation changed microbial community composition and had differential effects on microbial functional stability. Both soils displayed similar resilience to FDA hydrolysis, a composite measure of a broad range of hydrolases, supporting the concept of high functional redundancy in soil microbial communities. In contrast, the resilience of the substrate-specific activities of laccase and cellulase were lower in AGR soils, indicating a less diverse community of microorganisms capable of producing these enzymes and confirming that specific microbial functions are more sensitive measurements for evaluating change in the ecological stability of soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hot Temperature", "Laccase", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fluoresceins", "6. Clean water", "Trees", "Soil", "Cellulase", "Enzyme Stability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Brazil", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-009-9508-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-009-9508-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-009-9508-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-009-9508-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-007-0836-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-27", "title": "Microbial Responses To Nitrogen Addition In Three Contrasting Grassland Ecosystems", "description": "The effects of global N enrichment on soil processes in grassland ecosystems have received relatively little study. We assessed microbial community response to experimental increases in N availability by measuring extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) in soils from three grasslands with contrasting edaphic and climatic characteristics: a semiarid grassland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, USA (SEV), and mesic grasslands at Konza Prairie, Kansas, USA (KNZ) and Ukulinga Research Farm, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (SAF). We hypothesized that, with N enrichment, soil microbial communities would increase C and P acquisition activity, decrease N acquisition activity, and reduce oxidative enzyme production (leading to recalcitrant soil organic matter [SOM] accumulation), and that the magnitude of response would decrease with soil age (due to higher stabilization of enzyme pools and P limitation of response). Cellulolytic activities followed the pattern predicted, increasing 35-52% in the youngest soil (SEV), 10-14% in the intermediate soil (KNZ) and remaining constant in the oldest soil (SAF). The magnitude of phosphatase response did not vary among sites. N acquisition activity response was driven by the enzyme closest to its pH optimum in each soil: i.e., leucine aminopeptidase in alkaline soil, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in acidic soil. Oxidative enzyme activity varied widely across ecosystems, but did not decrease with N amendment at any site. Likewise, SOM and %C pools did not respond to N enrichment. Between-site variation in both soil properties and EEA exceeded any treatment response, and a large portion of EEA variability (leucine aminopeptidase and oxidative enzymes), 68% as shown by principal components analysis, was strongly related to soil pH (r = 0.91, P < 0.001). In these grassland ecosystems, soil microbial responses appear constrained by a molecular-scale (pH) edaphic factor, making potential breakdown rates of SOM resistant to N enrichment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "New Mexico", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Kansas", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Enzymes", "Soil", "South Africa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0836-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-007-0836-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-007-0836-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-007-0836-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126318", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-05", "title": "Designing a model to investigate cropping systems aiming to control both parasitic plants and weeds", "description": "Abstract Branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel) is a parasitic plant, which causes severe yield losses in major crops worldwide. Because of its broad host range, including numerous non-parasitic weed species, the persistence of its seeds in the soil, and the poor efficiency of available management techniques, broomrape management is complex. The objective of the present paper was to develop a broomrape-dynamics model to support the design of management strategies combining multiple techniques aiming at long-term control of broomrape. Towards this goal, we developed a simulation model with formalisms and parameters based on data from our own experiments and the literature. This model called PheraSys combines 1) a demographic submodel to predict broomrape seed bank dynamics, 2) a trophic-relationships submodel to predict the effect of parasitism on crops and weeds, and 3) a submodel of weed dynamics in agroecosystems to predict the growth of crops and weeds from cropping techniques and pedoclimate. Thanks to an individual representation of each host plant, PheraSys is able to simulate complex heterogeneous canopies. This model can be used as a tool to test management strategies including crop mixtures and relying on biological regulations by weeds.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Cropping systems", "Branched broomrape", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Biological regulation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Phelipanche ramose", "15. Life on land", "Weed", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Modelling", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Agroecology", "PheraSys"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126318"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126318", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126318", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126318"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/biot.202000165", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-21", "title": "Engineering Native and Synthetic Pathways in Pseudomonas putida for the Production of Tailored Polyhydroxyalkanoates", "description": "AbstractGrowing environmental concern sparks renewed interest in the sustainable production of (bio)materials that can replace oil\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived goods. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are isotactic polymers that play a critical role in the central metabolism of producer bacteria, as they act as dynamic reservoirs of carbon and reducing equivalents. PHAs continue to attract industrial attention as a starting point toward renewable, biodegradable, biocompatible, and versatile thermoplastic and elastomeric materials. Pseudomonas species have been known for long as efficient biopolymer producers, especially for medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain\uffe2\uff80\uff90length PHAs. The surge of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches in recent years offers the possibility of exploiting the untapped potential of Pseudomonas cell factories for the production of tailored PHAs. In this article, an overview of the metabolic and regulatory circuits that rule PHA accumulation in Pseudomonas putida is provided, and approaches leading to the biosynthesis of novel polymers (e.g., PHAs including nonbiological chemical elements in their structures) are discussed. The potential of novel PHAs to disrupt existing and future market segments is closer to realization than ever before. The review is concluded by pinpointing challenges that currently hinder the wide adoption of bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90based PHAs, and strategies toward programmable polymer biosynthesis from alternative substrates in engineered P. putida strains are proposed.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Biopolymer", "PHA", "Pseudomonas putida", "Polyhydroxyalkanoates", "Carbon", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Metabolic Engineering", "Pseudomonas", "Pathway engineering", "Metabolic engineering", "Synthetic biology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/biot.202000165"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.202000165"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biotechnology%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/biot.202000165", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/biot.202000165", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/biot.202000165"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.2199", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-27", "title": "Temperature and aridity regulate spatial variability of soil multifunctionality in drylands across the globe", "description": "AbstractThe relationship between the spatial variability of soil multifunctionality (i.e., the capacity of soils to conduct multiple functions; SVM) and major climatic drivers, such as temperature and aridity, has never been assessed globally in terrestrial ecosystems. We surveyed 236 dryland ecosystems from six continents to evaluate the relative importance of aridity and mean annual temperature, and of other abiotic (e.g., texture) and biotic (e.g., plant cover) variables as drivers of SVM, calculated as the averaged coefficient of variation for multiple soil variables linked to nutrient stocks and cycling. We found that increases in temperature and aridity were globally correlated to increases in SVM. Some of these climatic effects on SVM were direct, but others were indirectly driven through reductions in the number of vegetation patches and increases in soil sand content. The predictive capacity of our structural equation\uffc2\uffa0modelling was clearly higher for the spatial variability of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than for C\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and P\uffe2\uff80\uff90related soil variables. In the case of N cycling, the effects of temperature and aridity were both direct and indirect via changes in soil properties. For C and P, the effect of climate was mainly indirect via changes in plant attributes. These results suggest that future changes in climate may decouple the spatial availability of these elements for plants and microbes in dryland soils. Our findings significantly advance our understanding of the patterns and mechanisms driving SVM in drylands across the globe, which is critical for predicting changes in ecosystem functioning in response to climate change.Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees, which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.Trophic interactions within food webs affect species distributions, coexistence, and provision of ecosystem services but can be strongly impacted by climatic changes. Understanding these impacts is therefore essential for managing ecosystems and sustaining human well\uffe2\uff80\uff90being. Here, we conducted a global synthesis of terrestrial, marine, and freshwater studies to identify key gaps in our knowledge of climate change impacts on food webs and determine whether the areas currently studied are those most likely to be impacted by climate change. We found research suffers from a strong geographic bias, with only 3.5% of studies occurring in the tropics. Importantly, the distribution of sites sampled under projected climate changes was biased\uffe2\uff80\uff94areas with decreases or large increases in precipitation and areas with low magnitudes of temperature change were under\uffe2\uff80\uff90represented. Our results suggest that understanding of climate change impacts on food webs could be broadened by considering more than two trophic levels, responses in addition to species abundance and biomass, impacts of a wider suite of climatic variables, and tropical ecosystems. Most importantly, to enable better forecasts of biodiversity responses to climate change, we identify critically under\uffe2\uff80\uff90represented geographic regions and climatic conditions which should be prioritized in future research.Changes in substrate quality driven by climate, land use, or other forms of global change may represent a strong selective force on microbial communities. Invasion of new taxa into a community through dispersal, evolution, or recolonization could impact the outcome of this environmental selection. Here, we simulated substrate change with a trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90based model of microbial litter decomposition (DEMENTpy) to assess the legacy effects of past substrate quality and the impact of selection by a new substrate on community decomposition activity. Simulations were run with different levels of invasion, including invasion from communities long\uffe2\uff80\uff90adapted to the new substrate. Legacy effects were evident with substrate change for native communities differing in composition. Protein was the only substrate that exerted a strong enough selective force to affect community composition. Legacy effects disappeared when invaders came from substrates similar to the new substrate. Together, our simulations demonstrate that substrate quality changes associated with global change can lead to legacy effects on substrate degradation. In decomposing plant litter, such legacy effects can occur if substrate inputs shift to higher protein content and if invasion is low.The ecological drivers of soil biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere remain underexplored. Here, in a continental survey comprising 647 sites, across 58 degrees of latitude between tropical Australia and Antarctica, we evaluated the major ecological patterns in soil biodiversity and relative abundance of ecological clusters within a co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurrence network of soil bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Six major ecological clusters (modules) of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring soil taxa were identified. These clusters exhibited strong shifts in their relative abundances with increasing distance from the equator. Temperature was the major environmental driver of the relative abundance of ecological clusters when Australia and Antarctica are analyzed together. Temperature, aridity, soil properties and vegetation types were the major drivers of the relative abundance of different ecological clusters within Australia. Our data supports significant reductions in the diversity of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes in Antarctica vs. Australia linked to strong reductions in temperature. However, we only detected small latitudinal variations in soil biodiversity within Australia. Different environmental drivers regulate the diversity of soil archaea (temperature and soil carbon), bacteria (aridity, vegetation attributes and pH) and eukaryotes (vegetation type and soil carbon) across Australia. Together, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms driving soil biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere.Recent studies have shown that invasive earthworms can dramatically reduce native biodiversity, both above and below the ground. However, we still lack a synthetic understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind these changes, such as whether earthworm effects on soil chemical properties drive such relationships. Here, we investigated the effects of invasive earthworms on soil chemical properties (pH, water content, and the stocks and fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) by conducting a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis. Invasive earthworms generally increased soil pH, indicating that the removal of organic layers and the upward transport of more base\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich mineral soil caused a shift in soil pH. Moreover, earthworms significantly decreased soil water content, suggesting that the burrowing activities of earthworms may have increased water infiltration of and/or increased evapotranspiration from soil. Notably, invasive earthworms had opposing effects on organic and mineral soil for carbon and nitrogen stocks, with decreases in organic, and increases in mineral soil. Nitrogen fluxes were higher in mineral soil, whereas fluxes in organic soil were not significantly affected by the presence of invasive earthworms, indicating that earthworms mobilize and redistribute nutrients among soil layers and increase overall nitrogen loss from the soil. Invasive earthworm effects on element stocks increased with ecological group richness only in organic soil. Earthworms further decreased ammonium stocks with negligible effects on nitrate stocks in organic soil, whereas they increased nitrate stocks but not ammonium stocks in mineral soil. Notably, all of these results were consistent across forest and grassland ecosystems underlining the generality of our findings. However, we found some significant differences between studies that were conducted in the field (observational and experimental settings) and in the lab, such as that the effects on soil pH decreased from field to lab settings, calling for a careful interpretation of lab findings. Our meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis provides strong empirical evidence that earthworm invasion may lead to substantial changes in soil chemical properties and element cycling in soil. Furthermore, our results can help explain the dramatic effects of invasive earthworms on native biodiversity, for example, shifts towards the dominance of grass species over herbaceous ones, as shown by recent meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analyses.
", "keywords": ["Element flux", "Nitrogen", "Earthworm ecological group", "Forests", "Nitrate", "exotic earthworms", "Nutrient cycling", "nitrogen", "Article", "earthworm ecological group", "Soil", "nitrate", "Animals", "phosphorus", "soil carbon", "Oligochaeta", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "water content", "Exotic earthworms", "2. Zero hunger", "Water content", "Plan_S-Compliant-TA", "pH", "nutrient cycling", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "Soil carbon", "nitrification", "ammonium", "13. Climate action", "international", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "element flux", "Ammonium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2936"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2936"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecy.2936", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecy.2936", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecy.2936"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/etc.5400", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-09", "title": "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and the Need for a Meaningful Regulatory Plant Protection Product Testing Strategy", "description": "AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) perform key soil ecosystem services and, because of their symbiotic relationship with plant roots, may be exposed to the plant protection products (PPPs) applied to soils and crops. In 2017, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) released a scientific opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of PPPs for in-soil organisms, recommending the inclusion of AMF ecotoxicological testing in the PPP regulatory process. However, it is not clear how this can be implemented in a tiered, robust, and ecologically relevant manner. Through a critical review of current literature, we examine the recommendations made within the EFSA report and the methodologies available to integrate AMF into the PPP risk assessment and provide perspective and commentary on their agronomic and ecological relevance. We conclude that considerable research questions remain to be addressed prior to the inclusion of AMF into the in-soil organism risk assessment, many of which stem from the unique challenges associated with including an obligate symbiont within the PPP risk assessment. Finally, we highlight critical knowledge gaps and the further research required to enable development of relevant, reliable, and robust scientific tests alongside pragmatic and scientifically sound guidance to ensure that any future risk-assessment paradigm is adequately protective of the ecosystem services it aims to preserve. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1808\uffe2\uff80\uff931823. \uffc2\uffa9 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.Measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture are essential for understanding the complex soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93crop\uffe2\uff80\uff93climate processes, but there are practical and economic limits to the spatial and temporal extent over which measurements can be made. Therefore, N2O models have an important role to play. As models are comparatively cheap to run, they can be used to extrapolate field measurements to regional or national scales, to simulate emissions over long time periods, or to run scenarios to compare mitigation practices. Process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can also be used as an aid to understanding the underlying processes, as they can simulate feedbacks and interactions that can be difficult to distinguish in the field. However, when applying models, it is important to understand the conceptual process differences in models, how conceptual understanding changed over time in various models, and the model requirements and limitations to ensure that the model is well suited to the purpose of the investigation and the type of system being simulated. The aim of this paper is to give the reader a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90level overview of some of the important issues that should be considered when modeling. This includes conceptual understanding of widely used models, common modeling techniques such as calibration and validation, assessing model fit, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty assessment. We also review examples of N2O modeling for different purposes and describe three commonly used process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based N2O models (APSIM, DayCent, and DNDC).BACKGROUND: Denitrification is a microbial process that has received considerable attention during the past decade since it can result in losses of added nitrogen fertilisers from agricultural soils. Paddy soil has been known to have strong denitrifying activity, but the denitrifying microorganisms responsible for fertilisers in paddy soil are not well known. The objective of this study was to explore the impacts of 17\uffe2\uff80\uff90year application of inorganic and organic fertiliser (rice straw) on the abundance and composition of a nosZ\uffe2\uff80\uff90denitrifier community in paddy soil. Soil samples were collected from CK plots (no fertiliser), N (nitrogen fertiliser), NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilisers) and NPK + OM (NPK plus organic matter). The nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) community composition was analysed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, and the abundance was determined by quantitative PCR.
RESULTS: Both the largest abundance of nosZ\uffe2\uff80\uff90denitrifier and the highest potential denitrifying activity (PDA) occurred in the NPK + OM treatment with about four times higher than that in the CK and two times higher than that in the N and NPK treatments (no significant difference). Denitrifying community composition differed significantly among fertilisation treatments except for the comparison between CK and N treatments. Of the measured abiotic factors, total organic carbon was significantly correlated with the observed differences in community composition and abundance (P < 0.01 by Monte Carlo permutation).
CONCLUSION: This study shows that the addition of different fertilisers affects the size and composition of the nosZ\uffe2\uff80\uff90denitrifier community in paddy soil. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Carbon", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Denitrification", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "Fertilizers", "Oxidoreductases", "Monte Carlo Method", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4533"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4533", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4533", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4533"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.4645", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-12", "title": "Restricted Mineralization Of Fresh Organic Materials Incorporated Into A Subtropical Paddy Soil", "description": "AbstractBACKGROUND: Microbial activities involved in the dynamics of organic matter determine the potential for organic carbon (C) accumulation in soil. To understand this for paddy soil, an incubation experiment (25 \uffc2\uffb0C, 45% water\uffe2\uff80\uff90holding capacity) was established using 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelled glucose and rice straw (500 \uffc2\uffb5g C g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 soil) as substrates; an adjacent upland soil was used for comparison.
RESULTS: The amount of microbial biomass in the paddy soil was approximately 6 times larger and its turnover rate was 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff933 times faster than in the upland soil. These proportions of 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelled glucose and rice straw mineralized in the paddy soil were about 3% smaller (P < 0.01) than those in the upland soil. Also, there was no significant priming effect of fresh substrate additions on the mineralization of native organic C in the paddy soil, while the priming effect was significant in the upland soil.
CONCLUSION: Although the paddy soil contains a large amount of microbial biomass, which is also very active, the mineralization of fresh substrates is significantly restricted in this soil, along with a small priming effect. This favours the accumulation of organic C in paddy soils. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Tropical Climate", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "Glucose", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ping Zhou, John Keith Syers, Hongzhao Yuan, Yirong Su, Ling Li, Jinshui Wu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4645"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4645", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4645", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4645"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-27", "title": "Response Of Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization In Typical Karst Soils Following The Addition Of 14c-Labeled Rice Straw And Caco3", "description": "AbstractBACKGROUND: Organic substrates and calcium are important factors controlling organic matter turnover in Karst soils. To understand their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization, an incubation experiment was conducted involving a control treatment (CK), the addition of a 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw (T1), CaCO3 (T2), and both 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw and CaCO3 (T3) to two types of Karst soils (terra fusca and rendzina) and a red soil from southwestern China.
RESULTS: Cumulative mineralization of the rice straw over 100 days in rendzina (22.96 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and terra fusca (23.19 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) was higher than in the red soil (15.48 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921; P < 0.05). Cumulative mineralization of native SOC decreased following addition of 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw in the rendzina and terra fusca but increased in the red soil (negative and positive priming effects on native SOC). The turnover times of 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled microbial biomass C (MBC) in the red soil, terra fusca and rendzina were 71 \uffc2\uffb1 2, 243 \uffc2\uffb1 20 and 254 \uffc2\uffb1 45 days, respectively. By adding CaCO3, the accumulation of SOC was greater in the Karst soils than in the red soil.
CONCLUSION: Although the interactions between rice straw decomposition and priming effects on native SOC are not yet understood, there was considerable variation between Karst and red soils. Soil calcium was a positive factor in maintaining SOC stability. MBC from rice straws was stable in terra fusca and rendzina, whereas it was active in the red soil. The Karst soils (terra fusca and rendzina) used in this study benefited SOC accumulation. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Carbon Isotopes", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Calcium", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Soil Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Carbon Cycle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4647"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4647"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.5550", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-06", "title": "The Effect Of Rice Straw Incorporation Into Paddy Soil On Carbon Sequestration And Emissions In The Double Cropping Rice System", "description": "AbstractBACKGROUND: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, methane emission, and the net carbon sink represented by rice straw incorporated into soil (RIS) were studied using long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experimentation with rice straw incorporated into soil (LRIS) and short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experimentation with different patterns of rice straw incorporated into soil (SPRIS).
RESULTS: Soil organic carbon could be improved by RIS combined with soil ploughing. The increased rate of SOC deposition per cultivated layer was 0.10 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for 2.625 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 straw incorporated each season in LRIS and 0.36 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for 4.5 t straw ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 season\uffe2\uff88\uff921 incorporated in SPRIS; the apparent SOC conversion by rice straw (stubble) was reduced as the amount of incorporated straw increased. However, RIS methane emission from paddy fields also significantly exacerbated the CH4 emission flux observed during the early and late rice growing seasons, which was increased by 75.0% (P < 0.01) and 251.5% (P < 0.01), respectively, compared with combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertiliser (NPK). The apparent methane conversion of straw was almost uniform with a similar rice yield and soil cultivating mode. Among the patterns of RIS, methane emission was significantly reduced under straw covering untilled land, and this property led to the lowest apparent methane conversion.
CONCLUSION: RIS with ploughing and tilling resulted in negative carbon sequestration because of increased methane emissions. A combined NPK application with only rice stubble incorporation may be sustainable for a higher rice yield, but this approach has a reduced rate of negative carbon sequestration in the paddy field. Straw covering with no tillage was the best measure to realise high yield and low carbon emission for RIS. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
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