Climate and land use models predict that tropical deforestation and conversion to cropland will produce a large flux of soil carbon (C) to the atmosphere from accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the C flux from the deep tropical soils on which most intensive crop agriculture is now expanding remains poorly constrained. To quantify the effect of intensive agriculture on tropical soil C, we compared C stocks, radiocarbon, and stable C isotopes to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth from forests and soybean cropland created from former pasture in Mato Grosso, Brazil. We hypothesized that soil disturbance, higher soil temperatures (+2\uffc2\uffb0C), and lower OM inputs from soybeans would increase soil C turnover and deplete C stocks relative to nearby forest soils. However, we found reduced C concentrations and stocks only in surface soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm) of soybean cropland compared with forests, and these differences could be explained by soil mixing during plowing. The amount and \uffce\uff9414C of respired CO2 to 50\uffc2\uffa0cm depth were significantly lower from soybean soils, yet CO2 production at 2\uffc2\uffa0m deep was low in both forest and soybean soils. Mean surface soil \uffce\uffb413C decreased by 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 between 2009 and 2013 in soybean cropland, suggesting low OM inputs from soybeans. Together these findings suggest the following: (1) soil C is relatively resistant to changes in land use and (2) conversion to cropland caused a small, measurable reduction in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling C pool through reduced OM inputs, mobilization of older C from soil mixing, and/or destabilization of SOM in surface soils.
", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "2. Zero hunger", "Life on Land", "land use", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Geophysics", "Tropical forest", "Isotopes", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon", "Brazil", "isotopes", "Research Articles", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4jm295dz/qt4jm295dz.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2017JG004269", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2017JG004269", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2017jg004269", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:13:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-18", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics in Soybean Cropland and Forests in Mato Grosso, Brazil", "description": "AbstractClimate and land use models predict that tropical deforestation and conversion to cropland will produce a large flux of soil carbon (C) to the atmosphere from accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the C flux from the deep tropical soils on which most intensive crop agriculture is now expanding remains poorly constrained. To quantify the effect of intensive agriculture on tropical soil C, we compared C stocks, radiocarbon, and stable C isotopes to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth from forests and soybean cropland created from former pasture in Mato Grosso, Brazil. We hypothesized that soil disturbance, higher soil temperatures (+2\uffc2\uffb0C), and lower OM inputs from soybeans would increase soil C turnover and deplete C stocks relative to nearby forest soils. However, we found reduced C concentrations and stocks only in surface soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm) of soybean cropland compared with forests, and these differences could be explained by soil mixing during plowing. The amount and \uffce\uff9414C of respired CO2 to 50\uffc2\uffa0cm depth were significantly lower from soybean soils, yet CO2 production at 2\uffc2\uffa0m deep was low in both forest and soybean soils. Mean surface soil \uffce\uffb413C decreased by 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 between 2009 and 2013 in soybean cropland, suggesting low OM inputs from soybeans. Together these findings suggest the following: (1) soil C is relatively resistant to changes in land use and (2) conversion to cropland caused a small, measurable reduction in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling C pool through reduced OM inputs, mobilization of older C from soil mixing, and/or destabilization of SOM in surface soils.250 microm, 250-53 microm, and <53 microm)-corresponding to macroaggregate, microaggregate, and silt-and-clay size fractions-and analyzed for C content. The total SOC stock did not vary among systems (mean: 302 Mg/ha). On average, 72% of SOC was in macroaggregate-size, 20% in microaggregate-size, and 8% in silt-and-clay size fractions in soil. Sonication of aggregates showed that occlusion of C in soil aggregates could be a major mechanism of C protection in these soils. Considering the low level of soil disturbances in cacao AFSs, the C contained in the macroaggregate fraction might become stabilized in the soil. The study shows the role of cacao AFSs in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emission through accumulation and retention of high amounts of organic C in the soils and suggests the potential benefit of this environmental service to the nearly 6 million cacao farmers worldwide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cacao", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Brazil", "Carbon", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9420-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-009-9420-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-009-9420-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-009-9420-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-08", "title": "C And N Content In Density Fractions Of Whole Soil And Soil Size Fraction Under Cacao Agroforestry Systems And Natural Forest In Bahia, Brazil", "description": "Agroforestry systems (AFSs) have an important role in capturing above and below ground soil carbon and play a dominant role in mitigation of atmospheric CO(2). Attempts has been made here to identify soil organic matter fractions in the cacao-AFSs that have different susceptibility to microbial decomposition and further represent the basis of understanding soil C dynamics. The objective of this study was to characterize the organic matter density fractions and soil size fractions in soils of two types of cacao agroforestry systems and to compare with an adjacent natural forest in Bahia, Brazil. The land-use systems studied were: (1) a 30-year-old stand of natural forest with cacao (cacao cabruca), (2) a 30-year-old stand of cacao with Erythrina glauca as shade trees (cacao\u00a0+\u00a0erythrina), and (3) an adjacent natural forest without cacao. Soil samples were collected from 0-10\u00a0cm depth layer in reddish-yellow Oxisols. Soil samples was separated by wet sieving into five fraction-size classes (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm, 1000-2000\u00a0\u03bcm, 250-1000\u00a0\u03bcm, 53-250\u00a0\u03bcm, and <53\u00a0\u03bcm). C and N accumulated in to the light (free- and intra-aggregate density fractions) and heavy fractions of whole soil and soil size fraction were determined. Soil size fraction obtained in cacao AFS soils consisted mainly (65 %) of mega-aggregates (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm) mixed with macroaggregates (32-34%), and microaggregates (1-1.3%). Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N content increased with increasing soil size fraction in all land-use systems. Organic C-to-total N ratio was higher in the macroaggregate than in the microaggregate. In general, in natural forest and cacao cabruca the contribution of C and N in the light and heavy fractions was similar. However, in cacao\u00a0+\u00a0erythrina the heavy fraction was the most common and contributed 67% of C and 63% of N. Finding of this study shows that the majority of C and N in all three systems studied are found in macroaggregates, particularly in the 250-1000\u00a0\u03bcm size aggregate class. The heavy fraction was the most common organic matter fraction in these soils. Thus, in mature cacao AFS on highly weathered soils the main mechanisms of C stabilization could be the physical protection within macroaggregate structures thereby minimizing the impact of conversion of forest to cacao AFS.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cacao", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Particle Size", "Brazil", "Erythrina", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-11", "title": "Soil Biological Attributes In Arsenic-Contaminated Gold Mining Sites After Revegetation", "description": "Recovery of arsenic contaminated areas is a challenge society faces throughout the world. Revegetation associated with microbial activity can play an essential role in this process. This work investigated biological attributes in a gold mining area with different arsenic contents at different sites under two types of extant revegetation associated with cover layers of the soil: BS, Brachiaria sp. and Stizolobium sp., and LEGS, Acacia crassicarpa, A. holosericea, A. mangium, Sesbania virgata, Albizia lebbeck and Pseudosamanea guachapele. References were also evaluated, comprising the following three sites: B1, weathered sulfide substrate without revegetation; BM, barren material after gold extraction and PRNH (private reserve of natural heritage), an uncontaminated forest site near the mining area. The organic and microbial biomass carbon contents and substrate-induced respiration rates for these sites from highest to lowest were: PRNH > LEGS > BS > B1 and BM. These attributes were negatively correlated with soluble and total arsenic concentration in the soil. The sites that have undergone revegetation (LEGS and BS) had higher densities of bacteria, fungi, phosphate solubilizers and ammonium oxidizers than the sites without vegetation. Principal component analysis showed that the LEGS site grouped with PRNH, indicating that the use of leguminous species associated with an uncontaminated soil cover layer contributed to the improvement of the biological attributes. With the exception of acid phosphatase, all the biological attributes were indicators of soil recovery, particularly the following: microbial carbon, substrate-induced respiration, density of culturable bacteria, fungi and actinobacteria, phosphate solubilizers and metabolic quotient.", "keywords": ["Arsenic - Contamination", "Microbial biomass", "Quociente microbial", "01 natural sciences", "Mining", "Arsenic", "Photometry", "Respira\u00e7\u00e3o induzida por substrato", "Soil", "Substrate-induced respiration", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Microbial quotient", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Ars\u00eanico - Contamina\u00e7\u00e3o", "Spectrophotometry", " Atomic", "Biomassa microbiana", "Phosphate solubilizers", "Solubilizantes de fosfato", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-14", "title": "Beyond Reduced-Impact Logging: Silvicultural Treatments To Increase Growth Rates Of Tropical Trees", "description": "Abstract Use of reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques has repeatedly been shown to reduce damage caused by logging. Unfortunately, these techniques do not necessarily ameliorate the low growth rates of many commercial species or otherwise assure recovery of the initial volume harvested during the next cutting cycle. In this study, we analyze the effect of logging and application of additional silvicultural treatments (liana cutting and girdling of competing trees) on the growth rates on trees in general and on of future crop trees (FCTs) of 24 commercial timber species. The study was carried out in a moist tropical forest in Bolivia, where we monitored twelve 27-ha plots for 4 years. Plots received one of four treatments in which logging intensity and silvicultural treatments were varied: control (no logging); normal (reduced-impact) logging; normal logging and low-intensity silviculture; and, increased logging intensity and high-intensity silviculture. Tree growth rates increased with intensity of logging and silvicultural treatments. The growth rates of FCTs of commercial species were 50\u201360% higher in plots that received silvicultural treatments than in the normal logging and control plots. Responses to silvicultural treatments varied among functional groups. The largest increase in growth rates was observed in FCTs belonging to the partially shade-tolerant and the shade-tolerant groups. These results indicate that silvicultural treatments, in addition to the use of RIL techniques, are more likely to result in a higher percentage of timber volume being recovered after the first cutting cycle than RIL alone.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "0106 biological sciences", "Bolivia", "dry forest", "rain-forest", "Sustainable forest management", "01 natural sciences", "Tropical forest", "reduced-impact logging", "bolivia", "580", "silvicultural treatments", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainable forest management", "Reduced-impact logging", "Silvicultural treatments", "sustainable forestry", "trade-offs", "regeneration", "timber production", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "brazilian amazon", "Environmental Sciences", "management", "eastern amazon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-18", "title": "Landholders' perceptions on legal reserves and agricultural intensification: Diversity and implications for forest conservation in the eastern Brazilian Amazon", "description": "Open AccessLa protecci\u00f3n de los bosques en tierras de propiedad privada es una piedra angular del marco de la pol\u00edtica ambiental brasile\u00f1a. La legislaci\u00f3n brasile\u00f1a exige que todas las fincas del pa\u00eds mantengan y protejan las \u00e1reas forestales conocidas como Reservas Legales. Dado que las Reservas Legales tienen importantes implicaciones para la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques y la producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, es clave que entendamos las percepciones de los propietarios de tierras hacia las Reservas Legales. Aplicamos la metodolog\u00eda Q para identificar diferentes perspectivas de los propietarios medianos y grandes sobre las Reservas Legales y su relaci\u00f3n con la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en el municipio de Paragominas, en la Amazon\u00eda oriental. Realizamos 31 entrevistas en las que los propietarios ordenaron 36 declaraciones en una matriz de distribuci\u00f3n casi normal. Se identificaron tres grupos de propietarios de tierras: 1) los entusiastas de la planificaci\u00f3n del uso de la tierra (n = 16) estaban interesados en iniciativas de zonificaci\u00f3n para explorar dise\u00f1os de paisajes alternativos y legislaci\u00f3n que puedan ofrecer mejores resultados de conservaci\u00f3n y producci\u00f3n; 2) los partidarios de la agricultura basada en agroqu\u00edmicos (n = 7) ten\u00edan los puntos de vista m\u00e1s cr\u00edticos contra las Reservas Legales y percib\u00edan sus costos como m\u00e1s altos que los posibles beneficios ambientales y de calidad de vida; 3) los respondedores del mercado complacientes con las pol\u00edticas (n = 4) no mostraron inter\u00e9s en las reformas de las Reservas Legales y fueron el grupo m\u00e1s impulsado por el mercado. Si bien Paragominas ha logrado \u00e9xitos notables en detener la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran escala a trav\u00e9s de un pacto social de 'Municipio Verde', abordar la persistente degradaci\u00f3n y fragmentaci\u00f3n de los bosques en la regi\u00f3n sigue siendo una prioridad clave. Las iniciativas de gobernanza local que tienen en cuenta las percepciones de m\u00faltiples partes interesadas sobre la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques pueden fomentar el di\u00e1logo y el entendimiento mutuo para conservar y restaurar eficazmente las Reservas Legales. Los conocimientos sobre las percepciones de los grandes terratenientes sobre las Reservas Legales pueden informar dichos procesos de gobernanza para conciliar la protecci\u00f3n forestal y la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola sostenible en Paragominas.", "keywords": ["Amazonas (Brasil)", "Economics", "FOS: Political science", "SAO-FELIX", "Social Sciences", "NEEDS", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Reservas Forestales", "Natural resource economics", "conservation des for\u00eats", "FRONTIER", "Stakeholder", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Environmental resource management", "intensification", "Political science", "Legal Reserve", "Environmental planning", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Forest Reserves", "Corporate governance", "Geography", "Ecology", "[SDV.SA.AEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture", " economy and politics", "Forest protection", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Amazonas (Brazil)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "LAND CONFLICT", "STATE", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Management", "Programming language", "Economics", " Econometrics and Finance", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "d\u00e9boisement", "Biodiversity Conservation", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Forest Protection", "Forest conservation", "Economics and Econometrics", "propri\u00e9taire foncier", "Conservaci\u00f3n de la Diversidad Biol\u00f3gica", "Amazon rainforest", "Legislation", "Discrete Choice Models in Economics and Health Care", "Soil Science", "FOS: Law", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farmer perceptions", "SYSTEMS", "politique de l'environnement", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Legal Pluralism", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Protecci\u00f3n Forestal", "Agricultural intensification", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Q methodology", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "r\u00e9serve foresti\u00e8re", "r\u00e9serve naturelle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats", "BIODIVERSITY", "DEFORESTATION", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "Law", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-01-27", "title": "Change In Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In Soil Under 13 Years Of Conventional Or Zero Tillage In Southern Brazil", "description": "The objective of this study was to determine in a long-term experiment (13 years) the effect of three different crop rotations (R1: wheat (Triticum aestivum)\u2013soybean (Glycine max), R2: wheat\u2013soybean\u2013vetch (Vicia villosa)\u2013maize (Zea mays), and R3: wheat\u2013soybean\u2013oat (Avena sativa)\u2013soybean\u2013vetch\u2013maize) under zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) on the stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) in a clayey Oxisol soil of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. At the end of 13 years, soil samples were taken to a depth of 100 cm, and analysed for bulk density, chemical composition and 13 C natural abundance. Under a continuous sequence of wheat (winter) and soybean (summer) the stock of soil organic C to 100 cm depth under ZT (168 Mg ha \u22121 ) was not significantly different (LSD at P = 0.05 of 11 Mg ha \u22121 ) to that under CT (168 Mg ha \u22121 ). However, in the rotations with vetch planted as a winter green-manure crop (R2 and R3), soil C stocks were approximately 17 Mg ha \u22121 higher under ZT than under CT. Between 46 and 68% of this difference occurred at 30\u201385 cm depth. The 13 C abundance data indicated that under ZT the decomposition of the original native SOM was not affected by the different composition of crops in the different rotations, but under CT the rotations R2 and R3, which included vetch and maize, stimulated the decay of the original native SOM compared to the continuous wheat/soybean sequence (R1). It appears that the contribution of N2 fixation by the leguminous green manure (vetch) in the cropping system was the principal factor responsible for the observed C accumulation in the soil under ZT, and that most accumulated C was derived from crop roots. \u00a9 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Soil nutrients", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "Carbon-13", "Green manure crops", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Crop rotations", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "Zero tillage", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Field Scale", "Conservation tillage", "Tillage methods", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sisti, C. P. J., dos Santos, H. P., Kohhann, R., Alves, B. J. R., Urquiaga, S., Boddey, R. M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-24", "title": "Soil Microbial Properties After Long-Term Swine Slurry Application To Conventional And No-Tillage Systems In Brazil", "description": "Swine waste can be used as an agricultural fertilizer, but large amounts may accumulate excess nutrients in soil or contaminate the surrounding environment. This study evaluated long-term soil amendment (15 years) with different levels of swine slurry to conventional (plow) tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) soils. Long-term swine slurry application did not affect soil organic carbon. Some chemical properties, such as calcium, base saturation, and aluminum saturation were significantly different within and between tillages for various application rates. Available P and microbial parameters were significantly affected by slurry addition. Depending on tillage, soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity increased up to 120 m(3) ha(-1) year(-1) in all application rates. The NT system had higher microbial biomass and activity than CT at all application levels. There was an inverse relationship between the metabolic quotient (qCO2) and MBC, and the qCO2 was 53% lower in NT than CT. Swine slurry increased overall acid phosphatase activity, but the phosphatase produced per unit of microbial biomass decreased. A comparison of data obtained in the 3rd and 15th years of swine slurry application indicated that despite slurry application the CT system degraded with time while the NT system had improved values of soil quality indicators. For these Brazilian oxisols, swine slurry amendment was insufficient to maintain soil quality parameters in annual crop production without additional changes in tillage management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Swine", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Brazil", "Soil Microbiology", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Elcio L. Balota, Oswaldo Machineski, Karima I.A. Hamid, Ines F.U. Yada, Graziela M.C. Barbosa, Andre S. Nakatani, Mark S. Coyne,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-14", "title": "Soil Carbon, Nitrogen And Phosphorus Changes Under Sugarcane Expansion In Brazil", "description": "Historical data of land use change (LUC) indicated that the sugarcane expansion has mainly displaced pasture areas in Central-Southern Brazil, globally the largest producer, and that those pastures were prior established over native forests in the Cerrado biome. We sampled 3 chronosequences of land use comprising native vegetation (NV), pasture (PA), and sugarcane crop (SC) in the sugarcane expansion region to assess the effects of LUC on soil carbon, nitrogen, and labile phosphorus pools. Thirty years after conversion of NV to PA, we found significant losses of original soil organic matter (SOM) from NV, while insufficient new organic matter was introduced from tropical grasses into soil to offset the losses, reflecting in a net C emission of 0.4 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1). These findings added to decreases in (15)N signal indicated that labile portions of SOM are preserved under PA. Afterwards, in the firsts five years after LUC from PA to SC, sparse variations were found in SOM levels. After more than 20 years of sugarcane crop, however, there were losses of 40 and 35% of C and N stocks, respectively, resulting in a rate of C emission of 1.3 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1) totally caused by the respiration of SOM from C4-cycle plants. In addition, conversion of pastures to sugarcane mostly increased (15)N signal, indicating an accumulation of more recalcitrant SOM under sugarcane. The microbe- and plant-available P showed site-specific responses to LUC as a function of different P-input managements, with the biological pool mostly accounting for more than 50% of the labile P in both anthropic land uses. With the projections of 6.4 Mha of land required by 2021 for sugarcane expansion in Brazil to achieve ethanol's demand, this explanatory approach to the responses of SOM to LUC will contribute for an accurate assessment of the CO\u2082 balance of sugarcane ethanol.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Saccharum", "3. Good health", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.11.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-04", "title": "Tillage Effect On C Stocks Of A Clayey Oxisol Under A Soybean-Based Crop Rotation In The Brazilian Cerrado Region", "description": "Abstract A large area (180\u00a0Mha) of central Brazil is occupied by a savanna biome known as the Cerrado. Annual rainfall in this region varies from 1200 to 2000\u00a0mm, although there is a long (\u223c5 month) dry season with almost no rain. This region is regarded by Brazilians as their agricultural frontier and there is a steady growth in the area dedicated to permanent cropping in the region, which today is estimated to occupy 14\u00a0Mha. Owing to the dearth of long-term experiments, the impact of continuous cropping on soil carbon stocks remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different tillage systems (zero till (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT)) on the change in soil carbon stocks over a 20-year period of the same crop sequence compared to that under a neighbouring area of native vegetation (NV). Only approximately 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 of soil carbon in the 0\u2013100\u00a0cm depth interval was lost under continuous ZT. However, under CT systems losses were greater (up to 30\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121) when the mouldboard plough was used and/or tillage was performed twice a year. We did not have access to instrumentation to accurately assess soil charcoal but the C/N data and peroxide and dichromate oxidative techniques suggested that \u223c40% of soil C was in this form. The 13C natural abundance of soil profiles indicated that residues of crops (maize) and the spontaneous annual fallow of Brachiaria spp. resulted in integration of significant C4 residues to a depth of at least 40\u00a0cm. It would appear that zero tillage, which is already widely adopted in the Cerrado region of Brazil, will have only a small negative long-term impact on soil C stocks, but ploughing, especially more than once a year, will lead to considerably larger soil C losses.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cerrado region", "Zero tillage", "Charcoal", "Disc plough", "Mouldboard plough", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil carbon accumulation", "13C", "Soybean", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.11.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.11.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.11.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.11.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.07.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-08", "title": "Storage And Forms Of Organic Carbon In A No-Tillage Under Cover Crops System On Clayey Oxisol In Dryland Rice Production (Cerrados, Brazil)", "description": "The management and enhancement of soil organic carbon (SOC) is very important for agriculture (fertility) as well as for the environment (carbon (C) sequestration). Consequently, changes in soil management may alter SOC content. No-tillage (NT) practices are potential ways to increase SOC. We studied the SOC from agricultural soils in the Cerrados in Central Brazil. We compared two different tillage systems: conservation agriculture with no-tillage under cover crops (NT) and disc tillage (DT) for 5 years in a context of rainfed rice production. The soil is a dark red oxisol with high clay content (about 40%). The objectives of the study were: (i) to evaluate the short-term (5 years) impact of tillage systems on SOC stocks in an oxisol and (ii) to better understand the dynamics of SOC in different fractions of this soil. We first studied the initial situation in 1998, and compared it to the 2003 situation. NT with cover crop (Crotalaria) was found to increase the storage of C in the topsoil layer (0-10 cm) compared to DT. The difference observed for the 0-10 cm layer under NT in comparison with DT represented C enrichment under no-tillage amounting to 0.35 Mg C ha-1 year-1 and corresponding to less than 10% of cover crops residues returned to the soil. A particle-size fractionation of soil organic matter (SOM) showed that differences in total SOC between NT and DT mainly affected the 0-2 \u00b5m fraction and, to a smaller extent the 2-20 \u00b5m fraction. This specific enrichment of SOC in the silt and clay fraction was attributed to (i) the storage of a water soluble C in the field and (ii) the effect of soil biota and especially fauna activity. The mean residence time of carbon associated with the fine fractions being rather long, it might be assumed that the preferential storage in fine fractions resulted in a long-term carbon storage. This study suggests a positive short-term effect of a no-tillage system on C sequestration in an oxisol. \u00a9 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2858", "Oryza sativa", "fractionnement", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "SOIL ORGANIC CARBON", "01 natural sciences", "630", "CERRADOS", "PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONATION OF SOM", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "culture sous couvert v\u00e9g\u00e9tal", "no tillage", "OXISOL", "ferralsol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8511", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "Cerrados", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1977", "non-travail du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "particle size fractionation of SOM", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3074", "oxisol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1070", "13. Climate action", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25706", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NO-TILLAGE", "Crotalaria", "carbone", "Brazil", "RIZ", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.07.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.07.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-31", "title": "Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In A Brazilian Clayey Oxisol: 13-Year Effects Of Integrated Crop-Livestock Management Systems", "description": "Abstract Integrated crop\u2013livestock management systems (ICLS) have been increasingly recommended in Brazilian agroecosystems. However, knowledge of their effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and stocks is still limited. The study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ICLS under two tillage and fertilization regimes on SOC and TN concentrations and stocks in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil layer, in comparison with continuous crops or pasture. The following soil management systems were studied: continuous pasture; continuous crop; 4 years\u2019 crop followed by 4 years\u2019 pasture and vice-versa. The adjacent native Cerrado area was used as a control. Under the rotation and continuous crop systems there were two levels of soil tillage (conventional and no-tillage) and fertility (maintenance and corrective fertility). The stock calculations were done using the equivalent soil mass approach. The land use systems had a significant effect on the concentrations of SOC and TN in the soil, but no effect was observed for the soil tillage and fertilizer regimes. For these two latter, some significant discrepancies appeared in the distribution of SOC and TN concentrations in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer. Carbon storage was 60.87\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under Cerrado, and ranged from 52.21\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under the ICLS rotation to 59.89\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 with continuous cropping. The decrease in SOC stocks was approximately 8.5 and 7.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 , or 14 and 12%, for continuous pasture and ICLS respectively. No-tillage for 10 years after the conversion of conventional tillage to no-tillage under the continuous crop system, and 13 years of conventional tillage in continuous cropping did not result in significant changes in SOC stocks. The SOC and TN stocks in surface layers, using the equivalent soil mass approach rather than the equivalent depth, stress the differences induced by the calculation method. As soil compaction is the principal feature of variability of stocks determinations, the thickness should be avoid in these types of studies.", "keywords": ["Carbon and nitrogen sequestration", "Crop-pasture rotation", "2. Zero hunger", "Brazilian Cerrado", "No-tillage", "NIR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Marchao, R. L., /Becquer, Thierry, /Brunet, Didier, Balbino, L. C., Vilela, L., /Brossard, Michel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-04", "title": "Determination Of The Quality Index Of A Paleudult Under Sunflower Culture And Different Management Systems", "description": "Soil is an essential resource for life and its properties are susceptible to be modified by tillage systems. The impact of management practices on soil functions can be assessed through a soil quality index. It is interesting to assess soil quality in different soil types. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the soil quality index of a Paleudult under different management conditions and sunflower culture. The experiment was carried out in Botucatu (SP, Brazil), in an 11-year non-tilled area used for growing soybean and maize during summer and black oat or triticale in winter. Four management systems were considered: no-tillage with a hoe planter (NTh), no-tillage with a double-disk planter (NTd), reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT). Soil samples were taken from the planting lines at harvest time. To determine the soil quality indices, following the methodology proposed by Karlen and Stott (1994), three main soil functions were assessed: soil capacity for root development, water storage capacity of the soil and nutrient supply capacity of the soil. The studied Paleudult was considered a soil with good quality under all the observed management systems. However, the soil quality indices varied between treatments being 0.64, 0.68, 0.86 and 0.79 under NTh, NTd, RT and CT, respectively. Physical attributes such as resistance to penetration and macroporosity increased the soil quality index in RT and CT compared to NTh and NTd. The soil quality indices obtained suggested that the evaluated soil is adequate for sunflower production under our study conditions. In view of the SQI values, RT is the most suitable management for this site since it preserves soil quality and provides an acceptable sunflower yield.", "keywords": ["Yield", "Sao Paulo [Brazil]", "Glycine max", "Avena strigosa", "maize", "Triticosecale", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "soil type", "Soil health", "Sustainable development", "Rating", "soybean", "Agricultural machinery", "Productivity", "macropore", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "soil nutrient", "Agriculture", "water storage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "Quality assurance", "6. Clean water", "Management", "Soil productivity", "Fish", "Sustainability", "Indicators of soil quality", "Botucatu", "tillage", "Soils", "dicotyledon", "Helianthus", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2011.01.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es103240z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-31", "title": "Including Carbon Emissions From Deforestation In The Carbon Footprint Of Brazilian Beef", "description": "Effects of land use changes are starting to be included in estimates of life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, so-called carbon footprints (CFs), from food production. Their omission can lead to serious underestimates, particularly for meat. Here we estimate emissions from the conversion of forest to pasture in the Legal Amazon Region (LAR) of Brazil and present a model to distribute the emissions from deforestation over products and time subsequent to the land use change. Expansion of cattle ranching for beef production is a major cause of deforestation in the LAR. The carbon footprint of beef produced on newly deforested land is estimated at more than 700 kg CO(2)-equivalents per kg carcass weight if direct land use emissions are annualized over 20 years. This is orders of magnitude larger than the figure for beef production on established pasture on non-deforested land. While Brazilian beef exports have originated mainly from areas outside the LAR, i.e. from regions not subject to recent deforestation, we argue that increased production for export has been the key driver of the pasture expansion and deforestation in the LAR during the past decade and this should be reflected in the carbon footprint attributed to beef exports. We conclude that carbon footprint standards must include the more extended effects of land use changes to avoid giving misleading information to policy makers, retailers, and consumers.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Forestry", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "Food Industry", "Cattle", "Animal Husbandry", "Brazil", "Carbon Footprint", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es103240z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es103240z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es103240z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es103240z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/95gb02148", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-04", "title": "Belowground Cycling Of Carbon In Forests And Pastures Of Eastern Amazonia", "description": "
Forests in seasonally dry areas of eastern Amazonia near Paragominas, Par\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil, maintain an evergreen forest canopy through an extended dry season by taking up soil water through deep (>1 m) roots. Belowground allocation of C in these deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests is very large (1900 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) relative to litterfall (460 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The presence of live roots drives an active carbon cycle deeper than l m in the soil. Although bulk C concentrations and 14C contents of soil organic matter at >l\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths are low, estimates of turnover from fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root inputs, CO2 production, and the 14C content of CO2 produced at depth show that up to 15% of the carbon inventory in the deep soil has turnover times of decades or less. Thus the amount of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling soil carbon between 1 and 8\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths (2\uffe2\uff80\uff933 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, out of 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9318 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) is significant compared to the amount present in the upper meter of soil (3\uffe2\uff80\uff934 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 out of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). A model of belowground carbon cycling derived from measurements of carbon stocks and fluxes, and constrained using carbon isotopes, is used to predict C fluxes associated with conversion of deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests to pasture and subsequent pasture management. The relative proportions and turnover times of active (including detrital plant material; 1\uffe2\uff80\uff933 year turnover), slow (decadal and shorter turnover), and passive (centennial to millennial turnover) soil organic matter pools are determined by depth for the forest soil, using constraints from measurements of C stocks, fluxes, and isotopic content. Reduced carbon inputs to the soil in degraded pastures, which are less productive than the forests they replace, lead to a reduction in soil carbon inventory and \uffce\uff9414C, in accord with observations. Managed pastures, which have been fertilized with phosphorous and planted with more productive grasses, show increases in C and 14C over forest values. Carbon inventory increases in the upper meter of managed pasture soils are partially offset by predicted carbon losses due to death and decomposition of fine forest roots at depths >1 m in the soil. The major adjustments in soil carbon inventory in response to land management changes occur within the first decade after conversion. Carbon isotopes are shown to be more sensitive indicators of recent accumulation or loss of soil organic matter than direct measurement of soil C inventories.
", "keywords": ["cycling", "decomposition", "model", "rooting", "carbon", "belowground carbon cycling", "carbon cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "soil", "pasture", "forest", "Amazonia", "soil organic matter", "death", "tropical soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Brazil", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1zb7d8kx/qt1zb7d8kx.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/95gb02148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/95gb02148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es301851x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-27", "title": "Biofuels That Cause Land-Use Change May Have Much Larger Non-Ghg Air Quality Emissions Than Fossil Fuels", "description": "Although biofuels present an opportunity for renewable energy production, significant land-use change resulting from biofuels may contribute to negative environmental, economic, and social impacts. Here we examined non-GHG air pollution impacts from both indirect and direct land-use change caused by the anticipated expansion of Brazilian biofuels production. We synthesized information on fuel loading, combustion completeness, and emission factors, and developed a spatially explicit approach with uncertainty and sensitivity analyses to estimate air pollution emissions. The land-use change emissions, ranging from 6.7 to 26.4 Tg PM(2.5), were dominated by deforestation burning practices associated with indirect land-use change. We also found Brazilian sugar cane ethanol and soybean biodiesel including direct and indirect land-use change effects have much larger life-cycle emissions than conventional fossil fuels for six regulated air pollutants. The emissions magnitude and uncertainty decrease with longer life-cycle integration periods. Results are conditional to the single LUC scenario employed here. After LUC uncertainty, the largest source of uncertainty in LUC emissions stems from the combustion completeness during deforestation. While current biofuels cropland burning policies in Brazil seek to reduce life-cycle emissions, these policies do not address the large emissions caused by indirect land-use change.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Fossil Fuels", "Ethanol", "Glycine max", "Air Pollution", "Biofuels", "Uncertainty", "Environment", "Models", " Theoretical", "01 natural sciences", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es301851x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es301851x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es301851x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es301851x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/13-0290.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-26", "title": "Carbon Accumulation And Nitrogen Pool Recovery During Transitions From Savanna To Forest In Central Brazil", "description": "The expansion of tropical forest into savanna may potentially be a large carbon sink, but little is known about the patterns of carbon sequestration during transitional forest formation. Moreover, it is unclear how nutrient limitation, due to extended exposure to fire\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven nutrient losses, may constrain carbon accumulation. Here, we sampled plots that spanned a woody biomass gradient from savanna to transitional forest in response to differential fire protection in central Brazil. These plots were used to investigate how the process of transitional forest formation affects the size and distribution of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. This was paired with a detailed analysis of the nitrogen cycle to explore possible connections between carbon accumulation and nitrogen limitation. An analysis of carbon pools in the vegetation, upper soil, and litter shows that the transition from savanna to transitional forest can result in a fourfold increase in total carbon (from 43 to 179 Mg C/ha) with a doubling of carbon stocks in the litter and soil layers. Total nitrogen in the litter and soil layers increased with forest development in both the bulk (+68%) and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90available (+150%) pools, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the upper layers. However, the analyses of nitrate concentrations, nitrate\uffe2\uff80\uff8a:\uffe2\uff80\uff8aammonium ratios, plant stoichiometry of carbon and nitrogen, and soil and foliar nitrogen isotope ratios suggest that a conservative nitrogen cycle persists throughout forest development, indicating that nitrogen remains in low supply relative to demand. Furthermore, the lack of variation in underlying soil type (>20 cm depth) suggests that the biogeochemical trends across the gradient are driven by vegetation. Our results provide evidence for high carbon sequestration potential with forest encroachment on savanna, but nitrogen limitation may play a large and persistent role in governing carbon sequestration in savannas or other equally fire\uffe2\uff80\uff90disturbed tropical landscapes. In turn, the link between forest development and nitrogen pool recovery creates a framework for evaluating potential positive feedbacks on savanna\uffe2\uff80\uff93forest boundaries.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Brazil", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0290.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/13-0290.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/13-0290.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/13-0290.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-28", "title": "Recent increasing frequency of compound summer drought and heatwaves in Southeast Brazil", "description": "AbstractAn increase in the frequency of extremely hot and dry events has been experienced over the past few decades in South America, and particularly in Brazil. Regional climate change projections indicate a future aggravation of this trend. However, a comprehensive characterization of drought and heatwave compound events, as well as of the main land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere mechanisms involved, is still lacking for most of South America. This study aims to fill this gap, assessing for the first time the historical evolution of compound summer drought and heatwave events for the heavily populated region of Southeast Brazil and for the period of 1980\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. The main goal is to undertake a detailed analysis of the surface and synoptic conditions, as well as of the land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere coupling processes that led to the occurrence of individual and compound dry and hot extremes. Our results confirm that the S\uffc3\uffa3o Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais states have recorded pronounced and statistically significant increases in the number of compound summer drought and heatwave episodes. In particular, the last decade was characterized by two austral summer seasons (2013/14 and 2014/15) with outstanding concurrent drought and heatwave conditions stemmed by severe precipitation deficits and a higher-than-average occurrence of blocking patterns. As result of these land and atmosphere conditions, a high coupling (water-limited) regime was imposed, promoting the re-amplification of hot spells that resulted in mega heatwave episodes. Our findings reveal a substantial contribution of persistent dry conditions to heatwave episodes, highlighting the vulnerability of the region to climate change.
", "keywords": ["heatwaves", "Sustainability and the Environment", "droughts", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "Q", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Southeast Brazil", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "compound events", "GE1-350", "Renewable Energy", "Public Health", "TD1-1066", "General Environmental Science", "climate extremes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/abe0eb"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-022-09515-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-07", "title": "The influence of soil dry-out on the record-breaking hot 2013/2014 summer in Southeast Brazil", "description": "AbstractThe 2013/2014 summer in Southeast Brazil was marked by historical unprecedented compound dry and hot (CDH) conditions with profound socio-economic impacts. The synoptic drivers for this event have already been analyzed, and its occurrence within the context of the increasing trend of CDH conditions in the area evaluated. However, so far, the causes for these record temperatures remain poorly understood. Here, a detailed characterization of the 2013/2014 austral summer season over Southeast Brazil is proposed, emphasizing the role played by land\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere interactions in temperature escalation. We demonstrate that a strong soil moisture\uffe2\uff80\uff93temperature coupling regime promoted record-breaking temperatures levels exceeding almost 5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C over the previous highest record, and played a key role in triggering an outstanding \uffe2\uff80\uff98mega-heatwave\uffe2\uff80\uff99 that lasted for a period of around 20\uffc2\uffa0days. This pronounced soil desiccation occurred within a current climate change trend defined by drier and hotter conditions in the region. The soil dry-out, coupled with strong radiative processes and low entrainment of cooler air masses through mesoscale sea-breeze circulation processes, led to a water-limited regime and to an enhancement of sensible heat fluxes that, ultimately, resulted in a sharp increase of surface temperatures.
", "keywords": ["HEAT WAVES", "Hot Temperature", "DROUGHTS", "IMPACT", "Science", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Soil", "TEMPERATURE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Atmosphere", "MORTALITY", "Q", "R", "PAULO", "15. Life on land", "EVAPORATION", "CLIMATE", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Medicine", "HEATWAVES", "Seasons", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09515-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09515-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-022-09515-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-022-09515-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-022-09515-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1073/pnas.1220608110", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-28", "title": "Conversion Of The Amazon Rainforest To Agriculture Results In Biotic Homogenization Of Soil Bacterial Communities", "description": "The Amazon rainforest is the Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s largest reservoir of plant and animal diversity, and it has been subjected to especially high rates of land use change, primarily to cattle pasture. This conversion has had a strongly negative effect on biological diversity, reducing the number of plant and animal species and homogenizing communities. We report here that microbial biodiversity also responds strongly to conversion of the Amazon rainforest, but in a manner different from plants and animals. Local taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of soil bacteria increases after conversion, but communities become more similar across space. This homogenization is driven by the loss of forest soil bacteria with restricted ranges (endemics) and results in a net loss of diversity. This study shows homogenization of microbial communities in response to human activities. Given that soil microbes represent the majority of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and are intimately involved in ecosystem functions, we argue that microbial biodiversity loss should be taken into account when assessing the impact of land use change in tropical forests.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical Climate", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Rain", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "Humans", "Cattle", "Brazil", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1220608110"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1073/pnas.1220608110", "name": "item", "description": "10.1073/pnas.1220608110", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1073/pnas.1220608110"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Widespread reduction in sun-induced fluorescence from the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Ni\u00f1o", "description": "The tropical carbon balance dominates year-to-year variations in the CO 2 exchange with the atmosphere through photosynthesis, respiration and fires. Because of its high correlation with gross primary productivity (GPP), observations of sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) are of great interest. We developed a new remotely sensed SIF product with improved signal-to-noise in the tropics, and use it here to quantify the impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o\uffc2\uffa0Amazon drought. We find that SIF was strongly suppressed over areas with anomalously high temperatures and decreased levels of water in the soil. SIF went below its climatological range starting from the end of the 2015 dry season (October) and returned to normal levels by February 2016 when atmospheric conditions returned to normal, but well before the end of anomalously low precipitation that persisted through June 2016. Impacts were not uniform across the Amazon basin, with the eastern part experiencing much larger (10\uffe2\uff80\uff9315%) SIF reductions than the western part of the basin (2\uffe2\uff80\uff935%). We estimate the integrated loss of GPP relative to eight previous years to be 0.34\uffe2\uff80\uff930.48 PgC in the three-month period October\uffe2\uff80\uff93November\uffe2\uff80\uff93December 2015.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "FLUXES", "El Ni\u00f1o-Southern Oscillation", "Amazon rainforest", "sun-induced fluorescence", "El Ni\u00f1o Southern Oscillation", "drought response", "Forests", "SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION", "01 natural sciences", "Fluorescence", "Trees", "SCIAMACHY", "03 medical and health sciences", "GOME-2", "ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE", "SATELLITE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "Amazone rainforest", "Articles", "15. Life on land", "tropical terrestrial carbon cycle", "gross primary production", "TERRESTRIAL CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE", "SIMULATIONS", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "CLIMATE", "13. Climate action", "BALANCE", "Remote Sensing Technology", "Sunlight", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0408", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Changes in surface hydrology, soil moisture and gross primary production in the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Ni\u00f1o", "description": "The 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o event caused severe changes in precipitation across the tropics. This impacted surface hydrology, such as river run-off and soil moisture availability, thereby triggering reductions in gross primary production (GPP). Many biosphere models lack the detailed hydrological component required to accurately quantify anomalies in surface hydrology and GPP during droughts in tropical regions. Here, we take the novel approach of coupling the biosphere model SiBCASA with the advanced hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB to attempt such a quantification across the Amazon basin during the drought in 2015/2016. We calculate 30\uffe2\uff80\uff9340% reduced river discharge in the Amazon starting in October 2015, lagging behind the precipitation anomaly by approximately one month and in good agreement with river gauge observations. Soil moisture shows distinctly asymmetrical spatial anomalies with large reductions across the north-eastern part of the basin, which persisted into the following dry season. This added to drought stress in vegetation, already present owing to vapour pressure deficits at the leaf, resulting in a loss of GPP of 0.95 (0.69 to 1.20) PgC between October 2015 and March 2016 compared with the 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932014 average. Only 11% (10\uffe2\uff80\uff9312%) of the reduction in GPP was found in the (wetter) north-western part of the basin, whereas the north-eastern and southern regions were affected more strongly, with 56% (54\uffe2\uff80\uff9356%) and 33% (31\uffe2\uff80\uff9333%) of the total, respectively. Uncertainty on this anomaly mostly reflects the unknown rooting depths of vegetation.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.
", "keywords": ["El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "0207 environmental engineering", "Articles", "02 engineering and technology", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "tropical terrestrial carbon cycle", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Carbon Cycle", "Droughts", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "El Ni\u00f1o", "Seasons", "soil moisture", "Hydrology", "gross primary productivity", "Amazon", "river discharge", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1574-6941.12018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-26", "title": "Acidobacterial Community Responses To Agricultural Management Of Soybean In Amazon Forest Soils", "description": "This study focused on the impact of land-use changes and agricultural management of soybean in Amazon forest soils on the abundance and composition of the acidobacterial community. Quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) assays and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene were applied to study the acidobacterial community in bulk soil samples from soybean croplands and adjacent native forests, and mesocosm soil samples from soybean rhizosphere. Based on qPCR measurements, Acidobacteria accounted for 23% in forest soils, 18% in cropland soils, and 14% in soybean rhizosphere of the total bacterial signals. From the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacteria domain, the phylum Acidobacteria represented 28% of the sequences from forest soils, 16% from cropland soils, and 17% from soybean rhizosphere. Acidobacteria subgroups 1-8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 18, 22, and 25 were detected with subgroup 1 as dominant among them. Subgroups 4, 6, and 7 were significantly higher in cropland soils than in forest soils, which subgroups responded to decrease in soil aluminum. Subgroups 6 and 7 responded to high content of soil Ca, Mg, Mn, and B. These results showed a differential response of the Acidobacteria subgroups to abiotic soil factors, and open the possibilities to explore acidobacterial subgroups as early-warning bioindicators of agricultural soil management effects in the Amazon area.", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Glycine max", "Agriculture", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "15. Life on land", "Acidobacteria", "Trees", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "international", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Rhizosphere", "Brazil", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/FEMS%20Microbiology%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1574-6941.12018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1574-6941.12018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1574-6941.12018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-28", "title": "Impacts Of Experimentally Imposed Drought On Leaf Respiration And Morphology In An Amazon Rain Forest", "description": "Summary1.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The Amazon region may experience increasing moisture limitation over this century. Leaf dark respiration (R) is a key component of the Amazon rain forest carbon (C) cycle, but relatively little is known about its sensitivity to drought.
2.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Here, we present measurements of R standardized to 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C and leaf morphology from different canopy heights over 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years at a rain forest subject to a large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale through\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall reduction (TFR) experiment, and nearby, unmodified Control forest, at the Caxiuan\uffc3\uffa3 reserve in the eastern Amazon.
3.\uffe2\uff80\uff82In all five post\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment measurement campaigns, mean R at 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C was elevated in the TFR forest compared to the Control forest experiencing normal rainfall. After 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of the TFR treatment, R per unit leaf area and mass had increased by 65% and 42%, respectively, relative to pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment means. In contrast, leaf area index (L) in the TFR forest was consistently lower than the Control, falling by 23% compared to the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment mean, largely because of a decline in specific leaf area (S).
4.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The consistent and significant effects of the TFR treatment on R, L and S suggest that severe drought events in the Amazon, of the kind that may occur more frequently in future, could cause a substantial increase in canopy carbon dioxide emissions from this ecosystem to the atmosphere.
", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "0301 basic medicine", "Through-fall exclusion experiment", "moisture transfer", "03 medical and health sciences", "Specific leaf area", "Amazonia", "Tropical forest", "Keywords: carbon cycle", "Climate change", "Para [Brazil] Climate change", "Caxiuana National Forest", "0303 health sciences", "leaf area index", "Night-time foliar carbon emissions", "exclusion experiment", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Leaf dark respiration", "forest canopy", "Moisture deficit", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Leaf area index", "carbon emission", "throughfall", "rainforest", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/5/f5625xPUB7833.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/7/01_Metcalfe_Impacts_of_experimentally_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-08", "title": "Towards An Integrated Global Framework To Assess The Impacts Of Land Use And Management Change On Soil Carbon: Current Capability And Future Vision", "description": "AbstractIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 methodologies commonly underpin project\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale carbon accounting for changes in land use and management and are used in frameworks for Life Cycle Assessment and carbon footprinting of food and energy crops. These methodologies were intended for use at large spatial scales. This can introduce error in predictions at finer spatial scales. There is an urgent need for development and implementation of higher tier methodologies that can be applied at fine spatial scales (e.g. farm/project/plantation) for food and bioenergy crop greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting to facilitate decision making in the land\uffe2\uff80\uff90based sectors. Higher tier methods have been defined by IPCC and must be well evaluated and operate across a range of domains (e.g. climate region, soil type, crop type, topography), and must account for land use transitions and management changes being implemented. Furthermore, the data required to calibrate and drive the models used at higher tiers need to be available and applicable at fine spatial resolution, covering the meteorological, soil, cropping system and management domains, with quantified uncertainties. Testing the reliability of the models will require data either from sites with repeated measurements or from chronosequences. We review current global capability for estimating changes in soil carbon at fine spatial scales and present a vision for a framework capable of quantifying land use change and management impacts on soil carbon, which could be used for addressing issues such as bioenergy and biofuel sustainability, food security, forest protection, and direct/indirect impacts of land use change. The aim of this framework is to provide a globally accepted standard of carbon measurement and modelling appropriate for GHG accounting that could be applied at project to national scales (allowing outputs to be scaled up to a country level), to address the impacts of land use and land management change on soil carbon.
", "keywords": ["land use change", "Environmental Impact Assessment", "550", "ecosystem model", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "upland grassland", "soil", "stock change", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "forest biomass", "Environmental assessment and monitoring", "soil carbon", "organic-matter", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "model", "Ecology", "land management", "assimilated carbon", "land use", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "long-term experiments", "southern brazil", "monitoring", "high temporal resolution", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biodiversity conservation", "environment", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Shifts In Plant Respiration And Carbon Use Efficiency At A Large-Scale Drought Experiment In The Eastern Amazon", "description": "Featured paper: See Editorial p553
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "550", "plant community", "carbon fixation", "Carbon use efficiency", "Cell Respiration", "Amazon rain forest", "drought", "Gross primary productivity", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "metabolism Amazon rain forest", "Trees", "Soil", "cell respiration", "Keywords: carbon", "partitioning", "Ecosystem", "ecosystem", "Carbon cycling", "Drought", "Bacteria", "article", "carbon dioxide", "net primary production", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "bacterium", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Net primary productivity", "Droughts", "carbon flux", "Carbon dioxide", "rainforest", "respiration", "Partitioning", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/5/f5625xPUB78382010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79387/7/01_Metcalfe_Shifts_in_plant_respiration_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03319.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0098523", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-04", "title": "Biochar From Sugarcane Filtercake Reduces Soil Co2 Emissions Relative To Raw Residue And Improves Water Retention And Nutrient Availability In A Highly-Weathered Tropical Soil", "description": "In Brazil, the degradation of nutrient-poor Ferralsols limits productivity and drives agricultural expansion into pristine areas. However, returning agricultural residues to the soil in a stabilized form may offer opportunities for maintaining or improving soil quality, even under conditions that typically promote carbon loss. We examined the use of biochar made from filtercake (a byproduct of sugarcane processing) on the physicochemical properties of a cultivated tropical soil. Filtercake was pyrolyzed at 575\u00b0C for 3 h yielding a biochar with increased surface area and porosity compared to the raw filtercake. Filtercake biochar was primarily composed of aromatic carbon, with some residual cellulose and hemicellulose. In a three-week laboratory incubation, CO2 effluxes from a highly weathered Ferralsol soil amended with 5% biochar (dry weight, d.w.) were roughly four-fold higher than the soil-only control, but 23-fold lower than CO2 effluxes from soil amended with 5% (d.w.) raw filtercake. We also applied vinasse, a carbon-rich liquid waste from bioethanol production typically utilized as a fertilizer on sugarcane soils, to filtercake- and biochar-amended soils. Total CO2 efflux from the biochar-amended soil in response to vinasse application was only 5% of the efflux when vinasse was applied to soil amended with raw filtercake. Furthermore, mixtures of 5 or 10% biochar (d.w.) in this highly weathered tropical soil significantly increased water retention within the plant-available range and also improved nutrient availability. Accordingly, application of sugarcane filtercake as biochar, with or without vinasse application, may better satisfy soil management objectives than filtercake applied to soils in its raw form, and may help to build soil carbon stocks in sugarcane-cultivating regions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Q", "R", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Saccharum", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "Charcoal", "8. Economic growth", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098523"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0098523", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0098523", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0098523"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/1477-7525-12-60", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-27", "title": "Health-Related Quality Of Life And Related Factors Of Military Police Officers", "description": "The present study aimed to determine the effect of demographic characteristics, occupation, anthropometric indices, and leisure-time physical activity levels on coronary risk and health-related quality of life among military police officers from the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.The sample included 165 military police officers who fulfilled the study\u2019s inclusion criteria. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Short Form Health Survey were used, in addition to a spreadsheet of socio-demographic, occupational and anthropometric data. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive analysis followed by Spearman Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis using the backward method.The waist-to-height ratio was identified as a risk factor low health-related quality of life. In addition, the conicity index, fat percentage, years of service in the military police, minutes of work per day and leisure-time physical activity levels were identified as risk factors for coronary disease among police officers.These findings suggest that the Military Police Department should adopt an institutional policy that allows police officers to practice regular physical activity in order to maintain and improve their physical fitness, health, job performance, and quality of life.", "keywords": ["Adult", "Male", "Health Status", "Coronary Disease", "Motor Activity", "Young Adult", "03 medical and health sciences", "Leisure Activities", "0302 clinical medicine", "Risk Factors", "Surveys and Questionnaires", "Humans", "10. No inequality", "Research", "Public Health", " Environmental and Occupational Health", "Middle Aged", "Body Height", "Police", "3. Good health", "Skinfold Thickness", "Military Personnel", "8. Economic growth", "Quality of Life", "Female", "Waist Circumference", "0305 other medical science", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-12-60"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Health%20and%20Quality%20of%20Life%20Outcomes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/1477-7525-12-60", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/1477-7525-12-60", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/1477-7525-12-60"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s1806-66902014000500007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-10-29", "title": "Soil Fertility Status, Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks Under Cover Crops And Tillage Regimes", "description": "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cover crops on the soil's chemical fertility, in particular its carbon and nitrogen content, in a Typic Acrustox under conventional and no-tillage corn systems. We hypothesized that the no-tillage system associates with cover crops maintains or increases soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and enhance soil fertility. The no-tillage system did not present higher carbon and nitrogen stocks than conventional tillage, but resulted in higher concentrations of exchangeable bases, higher CEC, and higher base saturation in the surface soil layer, mainly under use of Canavalia brasiliensis. Carbon and nitrogen stocks (up to 40 cm depth) differ significantly between the different cover crop species. The use of Mucuna pruriens and Canavalia brasiliensis allows maintain or increase soil C and N stocks. The no-tillage system results in higher accumulation of soil organic matter (0-5 cm), and appears very likely to enhance soil fertility. The use of Canavalia brasiliensis and Mucuna pruriens in succession to corn promotes carbon sequestration and can be used to enhance soil quality in Cerrado agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture (General)", "Intensifica\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica", "Agricultura de baixa emiss\u00e3o de carbono", "Cerrado", "Ecological intensification", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "No-tillage system", "15. Life on land", "S1-972", "Brazilian Cerrado", "Sistema plantio direto", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Low carbon agriculture", "14. Life underwater"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Carvalho, Arminda Moreira de, March\u00e3o, Rob\u00e9lio Leandro, Souza, Kleberson Worslley, Bustamante, Mercedes Maria da Cunha,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-66902014000500007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20Agron%C3%B4mica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s1806-66902014000500007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s1806-66902014000500007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s1806-66902014000500007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACTThe area under no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) in Brazil reached 22 million ha in 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005, of which approximately 45% was located in the southern states. From the 1970s to the mid\uffe2\uff80\uff901980s, this region was a source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere due to decrease of soil carbon (C) stocks and high consumption of fuel by intensive tillage. Since then, NT has partially restored the soil C lost and reduced the consumption of fossil fuels. To assess the potential of C accumulation in NT soils, four long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments (7\uffe2\uff80\uff9319 yr) in subtropical soils (Paleudult, Paleudalf, and Hapludox) varying in soil texture (87\uffe2\uff80\uff93760 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921of clay) in agroecologic southern Brazil zones (central region, northwest basaltic plateau in Rio Grande Sul, and west basaltic plateau in Santa Catarina) and with different cropping systems (soybean and maize) were investigated. The lability of soil organic matter (SOM) was calculated as the ratio of total organic carbon (TOC) to particulate organic carbon (POC), and the role of physical protection on stability of SOM was evaluated. In general, TOC and POC stocks in native grass correlated closely with clay content. Conversely, there was no clear effect of soil texture on C accumulation rates in NT soils, which ranged from 0.12 to 0.59 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921The C accumulation was higher in NT than in conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (CT) soils. The legume cover crops pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp] and velvet beans (Stizolobium cinereumPiper & Tracy) in NT maize cropping systems had the highest C accumulation rates (0.38\uffe2\uff80\uff930.59 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The intensive cropping systems also were effective in increasing the C accumulation rates in NT soils (0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff930.34 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) when compared to the double\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop system used by farmers. These results stress the role of N fixation in improving the tropical and subtropical cropping systems. The physical protection of SOM within soil aggregates was an important mechanism of C accumulation in the sandy clay loam Paleudult under NT. The cropping system and NT effects on C stocks were attributed to an increase in the lability of SOM, as evidenced by the higher POC to TOC ratio, which is very important to C and energy flux through the soil.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Fossil Fuels", "Time Factors", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "Carbon", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Organic Chemicals", "Brazil", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Evandro Spagnollo, Paulo Cesar Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, Ben-Hur Costa de Campos, Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado, Cim\u00e9lio Bayer, Milton da Veiga,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0233"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0233"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2010.0162", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-26", "description": "Silvopastoral management of fast-growing tree plantations is becoming popular in the Brazilian Cerrado (savanna). To understand the influence of such systems on soil carbon (C) storage, we studied C content in three aggregate size classes in six land-use systems (LUS) on Oxisols in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The systems were a native forest, a treeless pasture, 24- and 4-yr-old eucalyptus ( sp.) plantations, and 15- and 4-yr-old silvopastures of fodder grass plus animals under eucalyptus. From each system, replicated soil samples were collected from four depths (0-10, 10-20, 20-50, and 50-100 cm), fractionated into 2000- to 250-, 250- to 53-, and <53-\u03bcm size classes representing macroaggregates, microaggregates, and silt + clay, respectively, and their C contents determined. Macroaggregate was the predominant size fraction under all LUS, especially in the surface soil layers of tree-based systems. In general, C concentrations (g kg soil) in the different aggregate size fractions did not vary within the same depth. The soil organic carbon (SOC) stock (Mg C ha) to 1-m depth was highest under pasture compared with other LUS owing to its higher soil bulk density. The soils under all LUS had higher C stock compared with other reported values for managed tropical ecosystems: down to 1 m, total SOC stock values ranged from 461 Mg ha under pasture to 393 Mg ha under old eucalyptus. Considering the possibility for formation and retention of microaggregates within macroggregates in low management-intensive systems such as silvopasture, the macroaggregate dynamics in the soil seem to be a good indicator of its C storage potential.", "keywords": ["Carbon Sequestration", "Eucalyptus", "Livestock", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Carbon", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Particle Size", "Fertilizers", "Brazil", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2010.0162"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2010.0162", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2010.0162", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2010.0162"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f10010043", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-10", "title": "Decreasing the Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions of Excavator-Based Harvesters with a Machine Control System", "description": "Compared with purpose-built units, excavator-based harvesters offer many advantages, but they also face one main limitation: a much higher fuel consumption, which also results in higher CO2 emission levels. The fuel efficiency of excavator-based harvesters can be increased by a better interface between the excavator and the harvester head. This study aimed to determine the performance of a new adaptation kit, specifically designed to improve the communication between these two components. The new kit offers real-time adjustment between the power demand of the harvester head and the power output of the excavator, which should help reducing fuel consumption while stabilizing hydraulic fluid temperature. The test was conducted on 53 excavator-based harvesters purchased and managed by a large Brazilian company. Time use, fuel consumption and production were monitored continuously for one full month, before and after installation of the kit. Overall, the study covered 40,000 h of work, during which the harvesters cut, processed, and debarked 4.5 million trees, or 650,000 m3 of wood, under bark. Fuel consumption amounted to 900,000 liters. After installing the adaptation kit, productivity increased 6%, while fuel consumption per hour decreased 3.5%. Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions per product unit decreased 10%, as an average. The effect of random variability typical of an observational study prevented formulating an accurate figure for the amount of fuel that can be saved by installing the adaptation kit. Yet, one may confidently state that, in most cases, installing the kit results in a reduction of fuel use, and that such reduction is most often in the range from \uffe2\uff88\uff9210 to \uffe2\uff88\uff9220% on a per m3 basis.
", "keywords": ["productivity", "logging; productivity; eucalypt; plantation; Brazil", "600", "plantation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "FoR 0607 (Plant Biology)", "logging", "12. Responsible consumption", "eucalypt", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "FoR 0705 (Forestry Sciences)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FoR 0602 (Ecology)", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/1/43/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f10010043"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f10010043", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f10010043", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f10010043"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6zf", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:33Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Abandoned pastures and restored savannahs have distinct patterns of plant-soil feedback and nutrient cycling compared with native Brazilian savannahs.", "description": "Around 40% of the original Brazilian savannah territory is occupied by pastures dominated by fast-growing exotic C4 grasses, which impact ecosystem nutrient cycling. The restoration of these areas depends on the re-establishment of soil processes. We assessed how restoration of abandoned pastures through direct seeding of native species and land-management practices (burning and ploughing) affect soil nutrient cycling dynamics compared to native savannahs. We compared the activity of soil enzymes related to carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling, as well as soil microbial biomass and soil chemical properties, such as pH and the concentration of N, P, potassium (K) and soil organic matter, among abandoned pastures, native savannah and restored areas. Abandoned pastures had faster nutrient turnover than native savannah, dominated by slow-growing native species. This pattern was evident from the overall higher biomass-specific enzyme activity in abandoned pastures than in native savannah. Compared with native savannah, restored areas had similar levels of soil enzyme activity, but lower microbial biomass and soil organic matter. Synthesis and application: The low enzyme activity in restored areas was likely related to a reduced soil organic carbon concentration due to practices such as burning and ploughing, rather than plant-soil feedback. The lower immobilization of nutrients in microbial biomass and lower retention of nutrients in restored areas, compared with native savannah, is expected to favour the re-establishment of fast-growing exotic species. Furthermore, the modifications of soil chemical and microbial properties related to abandonment of pastures did not influence restoration outcomes, because land-management practices applied prior to direct seedling had a major impact on the soil microbial community and soil fertility. Therefore, restoration of abandoned pastures should consider a greater focus on restoring soil carbon and nutrient cycling.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil enzyme activity", "13. Climate action", "Nutrient cycling dynamics", "Brazilian savannah", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Cerrado", "Tropical grassland", "15. Life on land", "soil microbiota", "ecosystem restoration"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D'Angioli, Andr\u00e9, Giles, Andr\u00e9, Costa, Patr\u00edcia, Wolfsdorf, Gabriel, Pecoral, Lu\u00edsa, Verona, Larissa, Piccolo, Fernanda, Sampaio, Alexandre, Schmidt, Isabel, Rowland, Lucy, Lambers, Hans, Kandeler, Ellen, Oliveira, Rafael, Abrah\u00e3o, Anna,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6zf"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6zf", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6zf", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6zf"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.1127666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:22:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics In Soybean Cropland And Forests In Mato Grosso, Brazil", "description": "Open AccessThese files contain the carbon content, radiocarbon, and stable isotope data for soils collected to 2 m deep in forest and soybean cropland in Mato Grosso, Brazil.", "keywords": ["soil carbon", " agriculture", " land use", " Brazil", " tropical forest", " isotopes", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nagy, R. Chelsea, Porder, Stephen, Brando, Paulo, Davidson, Eric, Figueira, Adelaine Michela e Silva, Neill, Christopher, Riskin, Shelby, Trumbore, Susan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1127666"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.1127666", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.1127666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.1127666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.1127667", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:22:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics In Soybean Cropland And Forests In Mato Grosso, Brazil", "description": "Open AccessThese files contain the carbon content, radiocarbon, and stable isotope data for soils collected to 2 m deep in forest and soybean cropland in Mato Grosso, Brazil.", "keywords": ["soil carbon", " agriculture", " land use", " Brazil", " tropical forest", " isotopes", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nagy, R. Chelsea, Porder, Stephen, Brando, Paulo, Davidson, Eric, Figueira, Adelaine Michela e Silva, Neill, Christopher, Riskin, Shelby, Trumbore, Susan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1127667"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.1127667", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.1127667", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.1127667"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14036322", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:22:25Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-11-04", "title": "Geochemistry of soils and eroded suspended sediments from two large rural catchments in southern Brazil for studies on Suspended Sediment Fingerprinting", "description": "1. Introduction This dataset comes from a research project entitled 'Water and pollutants, from cropfields to cities: evaluation and improved of soil management technologies in a catchment network ' supported by the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (process n\u00b010/0034-0). The project was carried out between 2010 and 2014 under the coordination of Jos\u00e9 Miguel Reichert and Danilo Rheinheimer dos Santos, professors at the Federal University of Santa Maria. One of the aims of this project was to understand the main pollutant transfer process from hillslopes to fluvial systems in large rural catchments representative of the agricultural production system in Southern Brazil. In this context, the Suspended Sediment Fingerprinting (SSF) was extremely useful for quantifying the origin of the sediment yield monitored at the outlet of these catchments. Among the various works carried out in this project, we highlight Tales Tiecher's doctoral thesis (Tiecher, 2015) that explored the SSF in many catchments, including the Concei\u00e7\u00e3o and Guapor\u00e9 river basins. 2. Material and Methods The catchments represent the magnitude of erosive and hydrological processes representative of Southern Brazil. The Concei\u00e7\u00e3o catchment has a drainage area of 804 km2 (28\u00b027\u203222\u2033S and 53\u00b058\u203224\u2033 W). According to K\u00f6ppen, the climate is Cfa type, with an annual rainfall between 1,750 and 2,000 mm. Geology is riodacithe basalt, with a formation of deep and highly weathered soils (Oxisols, Ultisols, and Alfisols). The relief is characterized by gentle slopes (6\u20139 %) on top and hillside slopes and higher steepness (10\u201314%) near the drainage channels. Farming based on the production of soybeans (Glycine max) in summer and wheat (Triticumspp.), oats (Avena strigosa), and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in winter. The Guapor\u00e9 catchment has a drainage area of 1,980 km2 (28\u00b054\u203241\u2033S and 51\u00b057\u203210\u2033W), it covers part of the meridional plateau border. The climate is classified as Cfa, with annual rainfall varies between 1,400 and 2,000 mm. Geology is characterized by volcanic lava flows, and topography is undulating to hilly. Due to variations in landscape, several classes of soils (Entisols, Luvisol, Cambisol, Oxisol, Ultisol, and Chernosol). The land use is highly heterogeneous. In the upper third of the catchment, there is a predominance of soybean cultivated under no-tillage soil management. In the other two-thirds (middle and lower parts), land use and soil management are very heterogeneous. The main land uses are tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and maize (Zea mays) crops, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), as well as pastures for dairy cattle. The contribution of unpaved roads is relevant to the sediment yield in both catchments (Didon\u00e9 et al., 2014). Composite samples of potential sediment sources (cropland, unpaved roads, and stream channel banks) were collected. Sediment source samples were taken from the surface soil layer (0\u20130.05 m) of cropland and unpaved roads and on exposed sites located along the river channel network. Each sample was composed of at least 10 subsamples. To obtain representative samples of suspended sediment transported in the catchment\u2019s outlet were used three strategies: (1) to collect flood suspended sediments (FSS) through the manual sampling (USDH-48) at different periods during the rising and falling stages of floods; (2) to deploy time-integrated suspended sediment samplers (TISS), by installing the device developed by Phillips et al. (2000) at different sites within the catchments; to collect fine-bed sediment (FBS) with a suction stainless sampler limiting the loss of fine material at the bed river. Source and sediment samples were oven\u2010dried at 50 \u00b0C, gently disaggregated using a pestle and mortar, and then sieved to 62,5 \u03bcm. The geochemical tracers evaluated were total organic carbon estimated by wet oxidation (K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4) and the total concentration of Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after microwave\u2010assisted digestion with concentrated HCl and HNO3 (ratio 3:1) for 9.5 min at 182 \u00b0C (Tiecher, 2015; Tiecher et al. 2017, 2018). \u00a0 3. Final remarks \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The SSF results provided by this dataset (Tiecher, 2015) combined with sediment yield monitoring were very important for the assessment and modeling studies in these two catchments that took place after that (Didon\u00e9 et al., 2015; 2017). In addition, other studies have explored the same sample bank, expanding upon the array of tracer properties and increasing our understanding about the mechanisms of sediment and pollutant transfer in these catchments (Le Gall et al. 2017; Zafar et al., 2017; Ramon et al., 2020). \u00a04. References \u00a0Didon\u00e9, E. J., Minella, J. P. G., Reichert, J. M., Merten G. H., Dalbianco, L., Barros, C. A. P., Ramon, R. (2014) Impact of no-tillage agricultural systems on sediment yield in two large catchments in southern Brazil. J Soils Sediments 14:1287\u20131297. Didon\u00e9, E.J., Minella, J.P.G., Evrard, O. (2017). Measuring and modelling soil erosion and sediment yields in a large cultivated catchment under no-till of Southern Brazil. Soil Tillage Res. 174, 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.05.011 Didon\u00e9, E. J.; Minela, J. P. G.; Merten, G. H. (2015). Quantifying soil erosion and sediment yield in a catchment in southern Brazil and implications for land conservation. J. Soils Sediments 11, 2334-2346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-015-1160-0 le Gall, M., Evrard, O., Dapoigny, A., Tiecher, T., Zafar, M., Minella, J. P. G., Laceby, J. P., & Ayrault, S. (2017). Tracing sediment sources in a subtropical agricultural catchment of southern Brazil cultivated with conventional and conservation farming practices. Land Degradation and Development, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2662 Ramon, R., Evrard, O., Laceby, J. P., Caner, L., Inda, A. v., Barros, C. A. P., Minella, J. P. G., & Tiecher, T. (2020). Combining spectroscopy and magnetism with geochemical tracers to improve the discrimination of sediment sources in a homogeneous subtropical catchment. Catena, 195, 104800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104800 Tiecher, T. (2015). Fingerprinting sediment sources in agricultural catchments in Southern Brazil. Doctoral Dissertation in Soil Science. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS. Tiecher, T., Minella, J. P. G., Caner, L., Evrard, O., Zafar, M., Capoane, V., le Gall, M., & Santos, D. R. D. (2017). Quantifying land use contributions to suspended sediment in a large cultivated catchment of Southern Brazil (Guapor\u00e9 River, Rio Grande do Sul). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.004 Tiecher, T., Minella, J. P. G., Evrard, O., Caner, L., Merten, G. H., Capoane, V., Didon\u00e9, E. J., & dos Santos, D. R. (2018). Fingerprinting sediment sources in a large agricultural catchment under no-tillage in Southern Brazil (Concei\u00e7\u00e3o River). Land Degradation and Development, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2917. Zafar, M., Tiecher, T., Capoane, V., Troian, A., dos Santos, D.R. (2017). Characteristics, lability and distribution of phosphorus in suspended sediment from a subtropical catchment under diverse anthropic pressure in Southern Brazil. Ecol. Eng. 100, 28\u201345.", "keywords": ["No-tiilage", "Fingerprinting approach", "Soil erosion", "Sediment yield", "Sediment quality", "Brazil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tiecher, Tales, Minella, Jean P G, Reichert, Jos\u00e9 Miguel, dos Santos, Danilo R, Bender, Marcos, Didon\u00e9, Elizeu, Barros, Cl\u00e1udia A., Dalbianco, Leandro, Ramon, Rafael, Capone, Viviane,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14036322"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14036322", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14036322", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14036322"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "31769934-038c-4873-ab14-4b6b66531103", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-157.9, -38.8], [-157.9, 29.1], [175.9, 29.1], [175.9, -38.8], [-157.9, -38.8]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Australia"}, {"id": "Bangladesh"}, {"id": "Belize"}, {"id": "Benin"}, {"id": "Brazil"}, {"id": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "China"}, {"id": "Colombia"}, {"id": "Costa Rica"}, {"id": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "Ecuador"}, {"id": "Egypt"}, {"id": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "French Guiana"}, {"id": "Guadeloupe"}, {"id": "Honduras"}, {"id": "Hong Kong"}, {"id": "India"}, {"id": "Indonesia"}, {"id": "Madagascar"}, {"id": "Malaysia"}, {"id": "Mexico"}, {"id": "Micronesia"}, {"id": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "New Zealand"}, {"id": "Nigeria"}, {"id": "Palau"}, {"id": "Panama"}, {"id": "Philippines"}, {"id": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "Singapore"}, {"id": "South Africa"}, {"id": "Sri Lanka"}, {"id": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "Thailand"}, {"id": "United States"}, {"id": "Vietnam"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2024-11-27T10:08:58", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "Global mangrove soil carbon: dataset and spatial maps", "description": "Model outputs were updated on Dec 20, 2017. This project used a machine learning data-driven model to predict the distribution of soil carbon under mangrove forests globally. Specifically this dataset contains: 1) a compilation of georeferenced and harmonized soil profile data under mangroves compiled from literature, reports and unpublished contributions 2) global mosaics of soil carbon stocks to 1m and 2m depths produced at 100 m resolution 3) tiled predictions of soil carbon stocks produced at 30 m resolution 4) shape file containing the tiling system 5) shape file containing country boundaries used for calculating national level statistics.\nFor detailed methodologies, please see the scientific paper (https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabe1c).", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["carbon", "soil profiles", "Soil science", "Australia", "Bangladesh", "Belize", "Benin", "Brazil", "Cameroon", "China", "Colombia", "Costa Rica", "Dominican Republic", "Ecuador", "Egypt", "El Salvador", "French Guiana", "Guadeloupe", "Honduras", "Hong Kong", "India", "Indonesia", "Madagascar", "Malaysia", "Mexico", "Micronesia", "Mozambique", "New Zealand", "Nigeria", "Palau", "Panama", "Philippines", "Saudi Arabia", "Singapore", "South Africa", "Sri Lanka", "Taiwan", "Thailand", "United States", "Vietnam"], "contacts": [{"name": "Jonathan Sanderman", "organization": "Woods Hole Research Centre", "position": "Associate scientist", "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "jsanderman@whrc.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Falmouth, Massachusetts", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "MA 02540", "country": "United States of America"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Tom Hengl", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Former staff", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "None"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "distancevalue": "30", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/OCYUIT", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabe1c", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/other/WD-Mangroves.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "31769934-038c-4873-ab14-4b6b66531103", "name": "item", "description": "31769934-038c-4873-ab14-4b6b66531103", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/31769934-038c-4873-ab14-4b6b66531103"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1969-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2015-09-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "1081ac75-78f7-4db3-b8cc-23b78a3aa769", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-172.5, -38.6], [-172.5, 64.9], [153.1, 64.9], [153.1, -38.6], [-172.5, -38.6]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Australia"}, {"id": "Botswana"}, {"id": "Brazil"}, {"id": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "China"}, {"id": "Colombia"}, {"id": "Costa Rica"}, {"id": "Cote d Ivoire"}, {"id": "Cuba"}, {"id": "Ecuador"}, {"id": "Finland"}, {"id": "France"}, {"id": "Gabon"}, {"id": "Germany"}, {"id": "Ghana"}, {"id": "Greece"}, {"id": "Hungary"}, {"id": "Spain"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2021-07-14T11:52:10", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "A Globally Distributed Soil Spectral Library Visible Near Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra", "description": "The ICRAF-ISRIC Soil VNIR Spectral Library contains visible near infrared spectra of 4,438 soils selected from the Soil Information System (ISIS) of the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC). The samples consist of all physically archived samples at ISRIC in 2004 for which soil attribute data was available. The spectra were measured at the World Agroforestry Center's (ICRAF) Soil and Plant Spectral Diagnostic Laboratory. The samples are from 58 countries spanning Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Associated attribute data, such as geographical coordinates, horizon (depth), and physical and chemical properties, are provided in a single relational database. The purpose of the library is to provide a resource for research and applications for sensing soil quality both in the laboratory and from space.", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["soil profiles", "colour", "moisture", "texture", "spectroscopy data", "Soil science", "Australia", "Botswana", "Brazil", "Cameroon", "China", "Colombia", "Costa Rica", "Cote d Ivoire", "Cuba", "Ecuador", "Finland", "France", "Gabon", "Germany", "Ghana", "Greece", "Hungary", "Spain"], "contacts": [{"name": "Keith Shepherd", "organization": "World Agroforestry Centre", "position": "Senior scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "afsis.info@africasoils.net"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 30677"], "city": "Nairobi", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "00100", "country": "Kenya"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Stephan Mantel", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Sustainable land management", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "stephan.mantel@wur.nl"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "100000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/other/", "name": "Download", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://isric.org/explore/ISRIC-collections", "name": "Project webpage ISRIC", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.worldagroforestry.org/sd/landhealth/soil-plant-spectral-diagnostics-laboratory/soil-spectra-library", "name": "Project webpage ICRAF", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://worldagroforestry.org/sites/default/files/Description_ICRAF-ISRIC%20Soil%20VNIR%20Spectral%20Library.pdf", "name": "Report", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/other/ICRAF-ISRICVNIRSoilDatabase.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1081ac75-78f7-4db3-b8cc-23b78a3aa769", "name": "item", "description": "1081ac75-78f7-4db3-b8cc-23b78a3aa769", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1081ac75-78f7-4db3-b8cc-23b78a3aa769"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1996-11-01T00:00:00Z", "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10261/257597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:29Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Sustainable land use policies for agroforestry production in Spain in relation to other EU countries and the world", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Europe", "Soil", "Policy", "USA", "Brazil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Montanarella, Luca, Barron, Joseph Orr, Pissarra, Teresa Cristina T., Strauss, Peter, Mart\u00ednez Vilela, Armando, Fern\u00e1ndez Carrillo, Miguel \u00c1ngel, Cruse, Richard, Bautista, Susana, Cantero-Mart\u00ednez, Carlos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/257597"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/257597", "name": "item", "description": "10261/257597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/257597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1912/9633", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:25:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-18", "title": "Soil Carbon Dynamics in Soybean Cropland and Forests in Mato Grosso, Brazil", "description": "AbstractClimate and land use models predict that tropical deforestation and conversion to cropland will produce a large flux of soil carbon (C) to the atmosphere from accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the C flux from the deep tropical soils on which most intensive crop agriculture is now expanding remains poorly constrained. To quantify the effect of intensive agriculture on tropical soil C, we compared C stocks, radiocarbon, and stable C isotopes to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth from forests and soybean cropland created from former pasture in Mato Grosso, Brazil. We hypothesized that soil disturbance, higher soil temperatures (+2\uffc2\uffb0C), and lower OM inputs from soybeans would increase soil C turnover and deplete C stocks relative to nearby forest soils. However, we found reduced C concentrations and stocks only in surface soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm) of soybean cropland compared with forests, and these differences could be explained by soil mixing during plowing. The amount and \uffce\uff9414C of respired CO2 to 50\uffc2\uffa0cm depth were significantly lower from soybean soils, yet CO2 production at 2\uffc2\uffa0m deep was low in both forest and soybean soils. Mean surface soil \uffce\uffb413C decreased by 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 between 2009 and 2013 in soybean cropland, suggesting low OM inputs from soybeans. Together these findings suggest the following: (1) soil C is relatively resistant to changes in land use and (2) conversion to cropland caused a small, measurable reduction in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling C pool through reduced OM inputs, mobilization of older C from soil mixing, and/or destabilization of SOM in surface soils.