{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4373229", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-28", "title": "A Multiple Scattering Formulation for Elastic Wave Propagation in Space-Time Modulated Metamaterials", "description": "Space-time modulation of material parameters offers new possibilities for manipulating elastic wave propagation by exploiting time-reversal symmetry breaking. Here we propose and validate a general framework based on the multiple scattering theory to model space-time modulated elastic metamaterials, namely elastic waveguides equipped with modulated resonators. The formulation allows to consider an arbitrary distribution of resonators with a generic space-time modulation profile and compute the wavefield within and outside the resonators' region. Additionally, under appropriate assumptions, the same framework can be exploited to predict the waveguide dispersion relation. We demonstrate the capabilities of our formulation by revisiting the dynamics of two representative space-time modulated systems, e.g. the non-reciprocal propagation of (i) flexural waves along a metabeam and (ii) surface acoustic waves along a metasurface. Given its flexibility, the proposed method can pave the way towards the design of novel devices able to realize unidirectional transport of elastic energy for vibration isolation, signal processing and energy harvesting purposes.", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Applied Physics", "Physics - Classical Physics", "Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)", "02 engineering and technology", "INSPIRE", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/954744/1/1-s2.0-S0022460X2300648X-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4373229"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Sound%20and%20Vibration", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4373229", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4373229", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4373229"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4173912", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-28", "title": "How the Structure of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) Influences Their Binding Potency to the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated and Thyroid Hormone Receptors \u2013 an in Silico Screening Study", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>In this study, we investigated PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) binding potencies to nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs): peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) \u03b1, \u03b2, and \u03b3 and thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) \u03b1 and \u03b2. We have simulated the docking scores of 43 perfluoroalkyl compounds and based on these data developed QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) models for predicting the binding probability to five receptors. In the next step, we implemented the developed QSAR models for the screening approach of a large group of compounds (4464) from the NORMAN Database. The in silico analyses indicated that the probability of PFAS binding to the receptors depends on the chain length, the number of fluorine atoms, and the number of branches in the molecule. According to the findings, the considered PFAS group bind to the PPAR\u03b1, \u03b2, and \u03b3 only with low or moderate probability, while in the case of TR \u03b1 and \u03b2 it is similar except that those chemicals with longer chains show a moderately high probability of binding.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Fluorocarbons", "0303 health sciences", "Receptors", " Thyroid Hormone", "binding probability", "peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor", "QSAR", "PFAS", "H2020", "thyroid receptor", "Organic chemistry", "Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship", "molecular docking", "virtual screening", "PROMISCES", "MLR", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "perfluoroalkyl compounds", "QD241-441", "in silico", "Peroxisome Proliferators", "perfluoroalkyl compounds; PFAS; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; thyroid receptor; QSAR; MLR; in silico; binding probability; molecular docking; virtual screening"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/479/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/479/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4173912"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4173912", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4173912", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4173912"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kj4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:08Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Precipitation regime controls bryosphere carbon cycling similarly across contrasting ecosystems", "description": "In arctic and boreal ecosystems, ground bryophytes play an important role  in regulating carbon (C) exchange between vast belowground C stores and  the atmosphere. Climate is changing particularly fast in these  high-latitude regions, but it is unclear how altered precipitation regimes  will affect C dynamics in the bryosphere (i.e., the ground moss layer  including senesced moss, litter, and associated biota) and the closely  associated upper humus layer, and how these effects will vary across  contrasting environmental conditions. Here, we set up a greenhouse  experiment in which mesocosms were assembled containing samples of the  bryosphere, dominated by the feather moss Hylocomium splendens, and the  upper humus layer, that were collected from across a boreal forest  chronosequence in northern Sweden which varies strongly in nutrient  availability, productivity, and soil biota. We tested the effect of  variation in precipitation volume and frequency on CO2 exchange and  dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export, and on moss growth. As expected,  reduced precipitation volume and frequency lowered net CO2 efflux, DOC  export, and moss growth. However, by regulating moisture, the lower  bryosphere and humus layers often mediated how precipitation volume and  frequency interacted to drive C dynamics. For example, less frequent  precipitation reduced moss growth only when precipitation volume was low.  When volume was high, high moisture content of the humus layer helped  avoid moss desiccation. Variation in precipitation regime affected C  cycling consistently in samples collected across the chronosequence,  despite large environmental variation along the sequence. This suggests  that the bryosphere exerts a strong buffering effect on environmental  variation at the forest floor, which leads to similar responses of C  cycling to external perturbations across highly contrasting ecosystems. As  such, our study indicates that projected increases in droughts and ground  evapotranspiration in high-latitude regions resulting from climate change  will consistently reduce C losses from moss-dominated ecosystems.", "keywords": ["context-dependency", "13. Climate action", "net ecosystem exchange", "15. Life on land", "dissolved organic carbon", "moss"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Grau-Andr\u00e9s, Roger, Wardle, David, Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte, Kardol, Paul,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kj4"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kj4", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kj4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kj4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4681574", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-27", "title": "Is the organic carbon-to-clay ratio a reliable indicator of soil health?", "description": "Climate action plans under the Paris Climate Agreement and other national commitments aimed at improving soil-based ecosystem services require the operational monitoring of soil carbon (C). The European Union is aiming to enhance soil health, and as part of the proposed Soil Monitoring Law, the European Commission recommends the monitoring of the soil C loss indicator among other soil health indicators. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of the proposed soil C loss indicator by assessing its performance using the EU-wide 2009 LUCAS soil survey data. The proposed indicator is the soil organic carbon (SOC) to clay ratio, with a threshold value of 1:13. The results are also compared with the C stock changes reported by countries to the climate convention (UNFCCC). Our results reveal that the variation in SOC and clay content at European scale exceeds that of the data used to develop the proposed indicator. We also found that the variation in the SOC content was influenced not only by clay content but also by climate and land-use reflecting C input levels. Therefore, the defined threshold is inadequate for detecting degraded soils if the SOC and clay content are beyond the conditions used to establish the criteria. Furthermore, major discrepancies were observed between the soil carbon stock changes reported by the national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories and the proportions of degraded soils identified by using the soil C loss indicator. We conclude that employing a single indicator such as SOC:Clay ratio with one threshold value for all soils across various land covers, management practices, and climatic conditions, as defined by the European Commission for the Soil Monitoring Law, is inappropriate for monitoring soil C loss.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agricultural soil", "550", "Forest soil", " agricultural soil", "Science", "Q", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "Soil monitoring", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SOC:Clay ratio", "15. Life on land", "forest soil", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "soil monitoring", "LUCAS soil survey", "11. Sustainability", "soc:clay ratio", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "European mineral soils", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4681574"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4681574", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4681574", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4681574"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4887145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-06", "title": "Generic Method for the Detection of Short &amp; Long Chain Pfas Extended to the Lowest Concentration Levels of Sers Capability", "description": "The detection of the highly toxic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS, constitutes a challenging task in terms of developing a generic method that could be rapid and applicable simultaneously to both long and short-chain PFAS at ppt concentration level. In the present study, the method introduced by the USA Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, to detect surfactants, using methylene blue, MB, which is identified an ideal candidate for PFAS-MB ion pairing, is extended at the lowest concentration range by a simple additional step that involves the dissociation of the ion pairs in water. In this work, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, SERS, is applied via Ag nanocolloidal suspensions to probe MB and indirectly either/or both short-chain (perfluorobutyric acid, PFBA) and long-chain (perfluoloctanoic acid, PFOA) PFAS downt to 5\u00a0ppt. This method, which can be further optimized to sub-ppt level via a custom-made SERS-PFAS dedicated Raman system, offers the possibility to be applied to either specific PFAS (both short and long-chain) in a targeted analysis or to total PFAS in a non-targeted analysis at very low detection limits, following any type of MB detection method in aqueous solutions and obviously with any type of SERS substrate.", "keywords": ["Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)", "Surface Enhanced Raman 20 Scattering (SERS)", "ion pairing", "Fluorocarbons", "Surface-Active Agents", "Silver", "Limit of Detection", "Metal Nanoparticles", "Caprylates", "Spectrum Analysis", " Raman", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4887145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4887145", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4887145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4887145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4964793", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-05", "title": "The accurate determination of Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) removal efficiency by integrated-sonochemical system", "description": "Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is one of the most investigated Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for being the strongest compound to eliminate and having adverse health concerns. In this work, we have conducted the sonochemical treatment of PFOS simulated water under high (500\u00a0kHz) and low (22\u00a0kHz) frequencies while monitoring the operational parameters via an integrated sonochemical system. The integrated advanced sonochemical system includes software to monitor treatment power, solution temperature and frequency while allowing distinctive control of the reaction conditions. Considering the lack of calorimetric measurements in earlier studies and the difficulty in achieving comparative outcomes, precise calorimetric measurements and determination of electrical energy per order (E(EO)) were performed in this study. The complete PFOS removal was achieved under 500\u00a0kHz frequency with optimum parameters including initial pollutant concentration (5\u00a0mg/L), ultrasound power density (400\u00a0W/L) and solution temperature (25\u00a0\u00b0C) within 180\u00a0min of treatment. The removal and mineralization extents (defluorination) were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and ion-chromatography (IC) analysis. Under optimum conditions, 100\u00a0% removal and 99\u00a0% mineralization were achieved. The rate constant (k) ranged from 0.011 to 0.031 [Formula: see text] (first-order reaction), which increased with the increase in the power density. While the solution temperature did not significantly affect the PFOS removal efficiency, the initial concentration was found to have a prominent effect on the reaction rate constant. However, experiments at low frequency (22\u00a0kHz) showed negligible removal efficiency. The specific energy requirement for reaching 90\u00a0% removal while considering the power consumed by the ultrasonic system from the main electrical source was determined to be 700 [Formula: see text] , which is much lower than other reported work under similar conditions. This work will be useful for both laboratory and industrial upscaling while acting as a benchmark reference to follow.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "EEO", "PFAS", "Acoustics. Sound", "QC221-246", "Frequency", "lMineralization", "Remova", "Sonochemical", "Chemistry", "PFOS", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Original Research Article", "Removal", "QD1-999"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4964793"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4964793", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4964793", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4964793"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.5022374", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-15", "title": "Decadal Decline in Forest Floor Soil Organic Carbon after Clear-Cutting in Nordic and Canadian Forests", "description": "<p>Nordic and Canadian forests store substantial amounts of carbon (C) and are largely managed in a silvicultural system with clear-cut harvest. Previous meta-analyses of harvesting effects on soil C have shown short- to long-term declines after harvest, but effects of clear-cutting on boreal and northern temperate forest soil C stocks remain unresolved. We harmonized National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) data from Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Canada to examine soil C stocks up to 53 years following clear-cut harvest using a space-for-time approach. We analyzed forest floor and mineral soil C stocks in coniferous and deciduous/mixed forests. Coniferous forest floor C stocks decreased for \u223c30 years after clear-cutting: when at its lowest stock level, Picea and Pinus forest floor C stocks had decreased by 23 % and 14 % relative to initial stock levels, respectively. Picea forest floor C stocks then remained close to its lowest levels until 53 years after clear-cutting, while for Pinus-dominated forests they increased again and recovered to the pre-harvest level 48 years after clear-cutting. No C stock changes were detected in the 0\u201310 cm or 10\u201320 cm mineral soil layers, while a small increase in 55\u201365 cm mineral soil was detected in Podzol soils. Data was too limited to detect statistical signals of clear-cutting for deciduous/mixed forests. Our results shows that clear-cut harvest has substantial and long-lasting effects on northern temperate and boreal forest soil C storage, and that combining data from several NFSIs can help elucidate forest management effects on soil C storage.</p>", "keywords": ["Forest harvest", "Temperate", "National forest soil inventory", "Soil organic carbon", "Clear-cutting", "National forest inventory", "Boreal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5022374"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.5022374", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.5022374", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.5022374"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.5042274", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:57Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2024-12-09", "title": "Impact of Different Supervised Bare Soil Pixels Retrieval Approaches on Prediction of the Soil Organic Carbon", "description": "This study was to compare the performance of the index-based and unmixing-based classification approaches as well as their integration on discrimination of the bare soil pixels on Sentinel-2 (S2) and Landsat 8-OLI (L08-OLI) single-date scenes from dry and green vegetation within four local agricultural sites, in the Czech Republic. In conclusion, classification of soil cover using the integrated approach led to more accurate extraction of bare soil and higher performance SOC prediction models, on both types of satellite data. Considering all approaches, results obtained on S2 data were more accurate than those delivered on L08-OLI.\u00a0  The manuscript is about to be submitted after the final approval of all authors.", "keywords": ["Linear spectral unmixing", "EJP SOIL", "STEROPES", "Spectral indices", "Soil organic carbon", "Soil cover classification", "Airborne and satellite data"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Khosravi, Vahid, Gholizadeh, Asa, Castaldi, Fabio, Saberioon, Mohammadmehdi, Chapman Agyeman, Prince, \u017d\u00ed\u017eala, Daniel, Kode\u0161ov\u00e1, Radka, Bor\u016fvka, Lubo\u0161,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5042274"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.5042274", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.5042274", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.5042274"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6qg2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:08Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-07-07", "title": "Depth-dependent effects of Ericoid Mycorrhizal shrubs on soil carbon and nitrogen pools are accentuated under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Trees", "description": "unspecifiedWe worked in a 3,213-ha second-growth, mixed-hardwood forest in  Connecticut, USA (41\u00b057\u2019 N, 72\u00b007\u2019 W). We established 18 10-m radius  plots, each containing a pair of 1-m radius subplots (n =36), evenly  arrayed across three forest stands that contained areas of both high AM  and high EcM tree relative basal area as well as a patchy distribution of  the ErM shrub <em>Kalmia latifolia</em>.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0  \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Within each of the 18  plots, we established paired 1-m radius subplots with and without K.  latifolia in the understory ( \u201c+/- ErM subplot\u201d) within 2 m of the center  of the 10-m radius plot. In each 1-m radius subplot, we measured trees \u22651  cm diameter at breast height (DBH; 1.37 m). We also measured DBH of all  trees \u226520 cm DBH within 10 m and trees \u22655 cm DBH within 5 m of plot  center. We calculated the percentage of EcM tree basal area out of total  basal area, scaled to m2 ha-1. \u00a0  In June 2021, we collected and pooled two soil samples for each  of three depths within the 36 paired subplots (i.e. 18 +ErM and 18 -ErM  subplots). The three depths included: (1) the Oa horizon (depth varied  depending on the thickness of the horizon); (2) the top 10 cm of the A  horizon, beginning at the base of the Oa horizon; and (3) a second,  contiguous A horizon sample that reached a cumulative sampling depth of 30  cm, inclusive of the depth of the Oa horizon. For the organic layer, we  removed the litter layer (i.e. the Oi and Oe horizons) and collected and  pooled two 25 by 25-cm areas of the Oa horizon using a square template.  For the mineral layers, we collected two contiguous depth increments from  the A horizon within the footprint of the 25 by 25-cm areas using a  5.08-cm diameter hammer corer. In each instance, we recorded the exact  sampling depth. Two subplots did not have an Oa horizon, so we collected a  total of 106 samples (3 sites \u00d7 6 plots \u00d7 2 subplots \u00d7 3 depths \u2212 2 Oa  samples). Soils were stored at 4\u00b0C prior to their analysis.  \u00a0 To prepare the soil samples for  analysis, we weighed and homogenized each sample, air dried a  representative subsample of non-sieved soil, and passed the remaining  field-moist sample through a 4-mm sieve. Using the non-sieved subsample,  we estimated the mass and volume of roots and stones and calculated soil  bulk density values. For total soil organic matter (SOM) content, we  heated samples at 550\u00b0C for 12-h in a muffle furnace and calculated loss  on ignition. \u00a0 We used a  modified substrate-induced respiration method as an indicator of active  saprotrophic microbial biomass. Using autolyzed yeast extract solution as  a labile C substrate, we measured rates of CO2 efflux over a 4-h  incubation period with an Infra-Red Gas Analyzer and calculated the rate  of C-CO2 production per unit of equivalent soil dry mass. For  microbially-available C, we estimated potential CO2 production rates over  a 14-d incubation period. We measured CO2 efflux over 24-h periods at days  1, 5, 8, and 14 and integrated the four measurements to calculate  cumulative C-CO2 production. We estimated water holding capacity by  saturating each field-moist sample with water and allowing it to drain  freely for 2 h. To calculate the equivalent dry mass of field-moist  samples, we measured gravimetric water content by oven-drying the samples  to constant mass at 105\u00b0C. \u00a0  We separated the &gt;53 and &lt;53\u2009\u00b5m particle size  fractions to quantify particulate (POM) and mineral-associated soil  organic matter fractions. We passed air-dried samples through a 2-mm sieve  and then dispersed soil aggregates by shaking ~30 g of the sieved,  air-dried sample with 30\u2009mL of sodium hexametaphosphate (NaHMP) solution  for 18 h. We rinsed each sample over a 53-\u00b5m sieve with deionized water  until the water passing through the sieve ran clear. We oven-dried the  &gt;53-\u00b5m fraction retained on the top of the sieve and a  representative subsample of the &lt;53-\u00b5m fraction suspended in  solution at 70\u00b0C. To estimate the mass of the &lt;53-\u00b5m fraction, we  calculated the difference between the initial soil mass (105\u00b0C equivalent)  and the recovered mass of the &gt;53-\u00b5m fraction (105\u00b0C equivalent).  To convert air-dried soil mass to oven-dried mass we dried a subsample of  each air-dried sample at 105\u00b0C. Fractions were ground to a fine powder and  analyzed for total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations using a  Costech ESC 4010 Elemental Analyzer. \u00a0  We used an equivalent soil mass approach to calculate soil C,  N, SOM, microbial biomass, and microbially-available C stocks in three  equivalent soil mass layers as well as the sum of the three layers to  estimate cumulative stocks at the subplot level. Following this approach,  we report stocks to a standard soil mass and therefore allow the depth of  the equivalent soil mass layers to vary depending on soil bulk density. To  calculate equivalent soil mass stocks, we added or subtracted elemental  stocks of the deeper soil layer to the upper soil layer in 1-mm increments  until the soil mass from the upper layer is closest to that of the target  soil mass. We chose reference soil masses using the median or target field  sampling depth and the mean bulk density value for each of the three depth  increments to make them roughly equivalent to the sampled depths. Based on  this method, the organic layer had an equivalent mass of ~2.5 kg soil m-2  (median Oa depth = 2.5 cm; mean Oa bulk density = 0.10 g cm-3), the  surface mineral layer had an equivalent mass of ~37 kg soil m-2 (target  sampling depth = 10 cm; mean bulk density = 0.37 g cm-3), and the  subsurface mineral layer had an equivalent mass of ~126 kg soil m-2 (the  target sampling depth was 17.5 cm for a sample with a 2.5 cm Oa depth;  mean bulk density = 0.72 g cm-3). The cumulative equivalent soil mass for  the subplot-level stocks was the sum of the three layers, or ~166 kg soil  m-2.", "keywords": ["equivalent soil mass", "ericoid mycorrhizal fungi", "13. Climate action", "ectomycorrhizal fungi", "Particulate organic matter", "FOS: Biological sciences", "soil nitrogen", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Mineral-associated organic matter", "soil carbon stocks", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ward, Elisabeth", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6qg2"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6qg2", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6qg2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6qg2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21474/IJAR01/18360", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-05", "title": "MAIZE-SOYBEAN INTERCROPPING WITH ORGANIC FERTILIZATION AS A SOLUTION TO ENHANCE CROP AND SOIL PRODUCTIVITY", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>An ever-increasing population and a decreasing cultivated land are challenging global food security. There is a massive difference between domestic production and demand. It is critical to improve the various index of land in order to secure food for future generations. Intercropping maize and soybeans can be a successful approach for addressing the gap between supply and demand. Due to low crop production per unit area, insufficient crop diversity, a lack of quality seeds and fertilizers, poor crop management, and the unfavorable effects of climate change. The experiment was conducted to understand the relationship of maize-soybean intercropping system with farm yard manure as a source of fertilizer. Our results showed that the farm yard manure has positively affected the overall soil fertility and also improved the crops production. Farm yard manure addition has given more fruitful results under maize-soybean intercropping. Maize-soybean intercropping with farm yard manure had a significant impact on growth and grain yield of both maize and soybean. The agronomic parameters plant height, shoot dry matter yield, grain yield and nitrogen uptake were recorded highest in the farm yard manure treatment under maize-soybean intercropping. Similarly, soil building attributes soil pH, total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon and soil mineral nitrogen were positively affected by the interaction of farm yard manure and maize-soybean intercropping. Overall, we have concluded that maize-soybean intercropping system is most resilient cropping system with the implementation of farm yard manure to improve the crop productivity, soil health and to overcome the impact of climate change.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/18360"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Advanced%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21474/IJAR01/18360", "name": "item", "description": "10.21474/IJAR01/18360", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21474/IJAR01/18360"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture15010089", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-02", "title": "Soil Microarthropods as Tools for Monitoring Soil Quality: The QBS-ar Index in Three European Agroecosystems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The QBS-ar, based on the study of microarthropod community structure, is well known as a quick and low-cost indicator to monitor soil biological quality at the farm scale. Temperature fluctuations and other climate factors in European countries may indirectly influence soil microarthropod communities by altering resource availability and microhabitat conditions. In the context of the climate crisis, along with drought and erosion threats, especially in southern Europe, it is essential to define the limits and advantages of the QBS-ar index. We applied the QBS-ar index along a warm temperature gradient at three long-term experimental sites. Our results underlined that the QBS-ar is very sensitive for detecting soil quality and treatment effects. The results suggest that the choice of sampling season is a particularly vulnerable phase, especially for southern Mediterranean sites. Air temperature and cumulative precipitation, even in the months prior to sampling, are critical factors to consider when applying the QBS-ar index in European countries. Drought periods can negatively influence the results for soil microarthropod relative abundance; however, the presence of biological forms seems to provide useful information about the effects of treatments on soil quality. This paper lays the groundwork for scaled-up QBS-ar applications considering soils and several environmental characteristics of agroecosystems in Europe. The work can contribute to the development of applications of the index, facilitating and improving the monitoring of soil biology at the field scale. Furthermore, this study can open future perspectives for the application of QBS-ar on a larger scale thanks to the implementation and updating of an open-source database.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Soil", "Climate", "Agriculture (General)", "Biological indicators", "soil", " biological indicators", " conservative agriculture", " climate", "tla", " biologija tal", " trajnostno kmetijstvo", " monitoring", " kakovost tal", " klima", "biological indicators", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/631.4", "conservative agriculture", "climate", "Conservative agriculture", "soil", "S1-972"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/527970/1/agriculture-15-00089.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15010089"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture15010089", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture15010089", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture15010089"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/3544671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-16", "title": "Ecosystem Recovery In Amazon Caatinga Forest After Cutting, Cutting And Burning, And Bulldozer Clearing Treatments", "description": "A study of ecosystem recovery following forest cutting, forest cutting and burning, and forest clearing by bulldozing was conducted in Amazon caatinga forest in the upper Rio Negro Region of southern Venezuela. Ecosystem recovery was evaluated by measuring vegetation composition, biomass, nutrient accumulation, soil characteristics, and nutrient leaching. As disturbance increased in intensity, the early successional vegetation changed from primary forest trees (cut treatment) to successional woody species (cut and burned treatment) to forbs and grasses (bulldozed treatment). Soil nutrient levels were greater in both the cut and the cut and burned treatment plots than in the control forest three years after the disturbances presumably because of steady transfers of nutrients from the forest slash to the soil. Soil nutrient levels in the bulldozed plot were much lower than the control forest because of top soil removal. Aboveground biomass at three years was 1291 g m2 in the cut site, 870 g m2 in the cut and burned site, and 77 g m2 in the bulldozed site. Given these rates of biomass accumulation, approximately 100 yr will be required for both the cut and the cut and burned sites to reach biomass levels characteristic of mature caatinga forest, while more than 1000 yr will be necessary in the case of the bulldozed site.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Carl F. Jordan, Christopher Uhl, Rafael Herrera, Howard Clark, Kathleen Clark,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/3544671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oikos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/3544671", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/3544671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/3544671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1982-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21548/26-2-2129", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-24", "description": "This trial was conducted over a period of ten years on a sandy soil in a Sauvignon blanc/Ramsey vineyard in Lutzville (31\u00b035\u2019S, 18\u00b052\u2019E), situated in the semi-arid Olifants River Valley of the Western Cape. Twenty-three treatments were applied. Eight cover crop species that received the same amount of fertilizer were controlled chemically at the end of August or at the end of November. Two treatments were also applied in which Avena sativa L. v. Saia (\u2018Saia\u2019 oats) and Vicia dasycarpa Ten. (grazing vetch) were controlled mechanically during bud break.\u00a0 In addition to these eighteen treatments, two fertiliser application rates were applied to \u2018Saia\u2019 oats and grazing vetch. A mechanically cultivated control in which no cover crop was sown was included in the trial. Secale cereale L v. Henog and Ornithopus sativus L. v. Emena produced, on average, the highest amount of dry matter at the end of August (3.29 t/ha and 3.06 t/ha, respectively) after receiving on average 278 mm of water, of which 172 mm was supplied by means of a micro-sprinkler irrigation system. The average dry matter produced by Medicago truncatula Gaertn. v. Paraggio and \u2018Saia\u2019 oats at the end of August was not significantly lower than that of the firstmentioned two species. Under conditions of this experiment, it seemed that P and K at a concentration of 10 mg/kg and 78 mg/kg, respectively, in the top 300 mm soil layer supplied the needs of grazing vetch. Saia oats performed poorly unless 30 kg P, 30 kg K and 42 kg N were applied during establishment and the early growing phase. All the species, except M. truncatula Gaertn v. Parabinga, produced additional fibre from September to the end of November following a dry winter (rain and irrigation totaling 201 mm), while none produced additional fibre if the water supply was luxurious up to the end of August (rain and irrigation totaling 364 mm). The cover crops did not produce enough seeds to re-establish successfully over a period of five years. It will, however, be possible to reduce the seeding density of grazing vetch (40% after two seasons) and the two M. truncatula varieties (20% after five seasons) if the species were left to ripen their seeds.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cover crops", "Vineyards -- South Africa -- Management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fourie, J. C., Louw, P. J. E., Agenbag, G. A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21548/26-2-2129"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/South%20African%20Journal%20of%20Enology%20%26amp%3B%20Viticulture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21548/26-2-2129", "name": "item", "description": "10.21548/26-2-2129", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21548/26-2-2129"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture15080852", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-15", "title": "Evaluating Soil Degradation in Agricultural Soil with Ground-Penetrating Radar: A Systematic Review of Applications and Challenges", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil degradation is a critical challenge to global agricultural sustainability, driven by intensive land use, unsustainable farming practices, and climate change. Conventional soil monitoring techniques often rely on invasive sampling methods, which can be labor-intensive, disruptive, and limited in spatial coverage. In contrast, non-invasive geophysical techniques, particularly ground-penetrating radar, have gained attention as tools for assessing soil properties. However, an assessment of ground-penetrating radar\u2019s applications in agricultural soil research\u2014particularly for detecting soil structural changes related to degradation\u2014remains undetermined. To address this issue, a systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. A search was conducted across Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as relevant review articles and study reference lists, up to 31 December 2024. This process resulted in 86 potentially relevant studies, of which 24 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. The analysis revealed that the ground-penetrating radar allows the detection of structural changes associated with tillage practices and heavy machinery traffic in agricultural lands, namely topsoil disintegration and soil compaction, both of which are important indicators of soil degradation. These variations are reflected in changes in electrical permittivity and reflectivity, particularly above the tillage horizon. These shifts are associated with lower soil water content, increased soil homogeneity, and heightened wave reflectivity at the upper boundary of compacted soil. The latter is linked to density contrasts and waterlogging above this layer. Additionally, ground-penetrating radar has demonstrated its potential in mapping alterations in electrical permittivity related to preferential water flow pathways, detecting shifts in soil organic carbon distribution, identifying disruptions in root systems due to tillage, and assessing soil conditions potentially affected by excessive fertilization in iron oxide-rich soils. Future research should focus on refining methodologies to improve the ground-penetrating radar\u2019s ability to quantify soil degradation processes with greater accuracy. In particular, there is a need for standardized experimental protocols to evaluate the effects of monocultures on soil fertility, assess the impact of excessive fertilization effects on soil acidity, and integrate ground-penetrating radar with complementary geophysical and remote sensing techniques for a holistic approach to soil health monitoring.</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil compaction", "sustainable agriculture", "Agriculture (General)", "non-invasive geophysical techniques", "electrical permittivity", "soil structural changes", "topsoil disintegration", "S1-972"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/8/852/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15080852"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture15080852", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture15080852", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture15080852"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3832/ifor0418-0010039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-11", "title": "Effects Of Warmer And Drier Climate Conditions On Plant Composition And Biomass Production In A Mediterranean Shrubland Community", "description": "The last IPCC report predicts warmer and drier conditions for the future European climate and the Mediterranean basin could be highly sensible to future climatic change. In order to investigate how the forecast more stressing factors could affect Mediterranean shrubland ecosystems, an appropriate manipulation of the microclimate was carried out in an area covered by Mediterranean maquis aimed at extending the drought period and increasing the night-time temperature. Soil cover, plant growth, litterfall, leaf water status, and leaf nutritional status were monitored over three growing seasons. The manipulation altered the microclimate according to common scenarios, increasing mean annual night-time air temperature by about 1 \u00b0C and mean annual temperature by about 0.5 \u00b0C, and decreasing precipitation between 6-46% of the total rainfall during the growing seasons. A general increase of vegetation cover was observed in the whole community during the three years of experimentation. This positive temporal pattern was mainly observed in control and warming treatment, whereas in the drought treatment it was less evident. At species-specific level, a clear negative effect of drought treatment was observed for C. monspeliensis percentage cover. Shoot elongation was not significantly affected by the warming treatment. A significant negative effect of drought treatment was noticed in the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growing seasons. An increase of N and P concentrations in the drought treatment in Cistus was observed and it can be explained by the reduced shoot growth induced by the water shortage that we had observed in the same treatment. The absence of a concentration effect on the other two species could be the signal of the different behaviour with regard to a drier climate, and therefore could be a symptom of future change in species composition. We underline the need of long-term observation, because of the different responses of plants in the short and long- term conditions", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Mediterranean shrublands", "night-time warming", "Nigh time warming", "Forestry", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "Drought period extension; Mediterranean shrublands; Night-time warming; Plant production", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Mediterranean shrublands; plant production; nigh time warming; drought period extension", "Plant production", "Drought period extension", "13. Climate action", "mediterranean shrublands", "plant production", "Night-time warming", "Drought period extension.", "drought period extension", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniss.it/bitstream/11388/264131/1/De_Dato_G_Articolo_2006_Effects.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor0418-0010039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/iForest%20-%20Biogeosciences%20and%20Forestry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3832/ifor0418-0010039", "name": "item", "description": "10.3832/ifor0418-0010039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3832/ifor0418-0010039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wh.2019.300", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-19", "title": "Factors influencing the relationship between fluoride in drinking water and dental fluorosis: a ten-year systematic review and meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract                <p>The relationship between naturally fluoridated groundwater and dental fluorosis has received large attention from researchers around the world. Despite recognition that several factors influence this relationship, there is a lack of systematic studies analyzing the heterogeneity of these results. To fill such a gap, this study performs a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand which factors influence this relationship and how. Selected studies were sampled between 2007 and 2017 from Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus using keywords and Boolean operators. Results of the systematic review show that dental fluorosis affects individuals of all ages, with the highest prevalence below 11, while the impact of other factors (gender, environmental conditions, diet and dental caries) was inconclusive. Meta-regression analysis, based on information collected through systematic review, indicates that both fluoride in drinking water and temperature influence dental fluorosis significantly and that these studies might be affected by publication bias. Findings show that fluoride negatively affects people's health in less developed countries. The conclusions discuss policy tools and technological innovations that could reduce fluoride levels below that of the World Health Organization (WHO) (&amp;lt;1.5 mg/L).</p>", "keywords": ["fluoride", "Fluorosis", " Dental", "Drinking Water", "Dental Caries", "contaminated drinking water", " dental fluorosis", " fluoride", " meta-analysis", " systematic review", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "meta-analysis", "Fluorides", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "systematic review", "Prevalence", "Humans", "dental fluorosis", "Groundwater", "contaminated drinking water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86403/1/Akuno_Nocella_Milai_Gutierrez_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.uniss.it/bitstream/11388/228273/1/dental%20fluorosis.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.uniss.it/bitstream/11388/228273/5/jwh0170845.pdf"}, {"href": "http://iwaponline.com/jwh/article-pdf/17/6/845/637413/jwh0170845.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2019.300"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Water%20and%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wh.2019.300", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wh.2019.300", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wh.2019.300"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wst.2012.618", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-11", "description": "<p>This paper projects a positive outcome for large-scale algal biofuel and energy production when wastewater treatment is the primary goal. Such a view arises partly from a recent change in emphasis in wastewater treatment technology, from simply oxidising the organic matter in the waste (i.e. removing the biological oxygen demand) to removing the nutrients \uffe2\uff80\uff93 specifically nitrogen and phosphorus \uffe2\uff80\uff93 which are the root cause of eutrophication of inland waterways and coastal zones. A growing need for nutrient removal greatly improves the prospects for using new algal ponds in wastewater treatment, since microalgae are particularly efficient in capturing and removing such nutrients. Using a spreadsheet model, four scenarios combining algae biomass production with the making of biodiesel, biogas and other products were assessed for two of Australia\uffe2\uff80\uff99s largest wastewater treatment plants. The results showed that super critical water reactors and anaerobic digesters could be attractive pathway options, the latter providing significant savings in greenhouse gas emissions. Combining anaerobic digestion with oil extraction and the internal economies derived from cheap land and recycling of water and nutrients on-site could allow algal oil to be produced for less than US$1 per litre.</p>", "keywords": ["Wastewater", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Waste Management", "Chlorophyta", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Anaerobiosis", "Biomass", "Oils", "Carbon Footprint", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Greg Threlfall, Tim Grant, Kurt Liffman, Tony Priestley, David F. Batten, George Freischmidt, D.A. Paterson, Tom Beer, Lucas Rye,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.618"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wst.2012.618", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wst.2012.618", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wst.2012.618"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wst.2021.611", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-04", "title": "Determining the impact of flow velocities on reactive processes associated with Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2", "description": "Abstract                <p>This study focuses on the impact of infiltration rates on colloidal transport and reactive processes associated with Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 using water-saturated sediment columns. The infiltration rates influence the physical transport of bacteria by controlling the mean flow velocity. This, in turn, impacts biological processes in pore water owing to the higher or lower residence time of the bacteria in the column. In the present study, continuous injection of E. faecalis (suspended in saline water with varying conditions of dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentrations) into a lab-scale sediment column was performed at flow velocities of 0.02 cm min\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 0.078 cm min\uffe2\uff88\uff921, i.e., at residence times of 1\uffe2\uff80\uff935 hours. The impact of residence times on reactive processes is significant for field scale setups. A process-based model with a first-order rate coefficient for each biological process was fitted for each obtained condition-specific dataset from the experimental observations (breakthrough curves). The coefficients were converted to a dimensionless form to facilitate the comparison of biological processes. These results indicate that the processes of attachment and growth were flow-dependent. The growth process in the absence of dissolved oxygen was the most dominant process, with a Damkoehler number of approximately 48.</p>", "keywords": ["enterococcus", "Bacteria", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "6. Clean water", "bacteria transport", "colloidal transport", "damkoehler numbers", "Enterococcus faecalis", "Water Movements", "process-based model", "TD1-1066"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/85/1/485/985586/wst085010485.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.611"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wst.2021.611", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wst.2021.611", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wst.2021.611"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wcc.2024.064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-09-20", "title": "Model-based analysis of the impact of climate change on hydrology in the Guayas River basin (Ecuador)", "description": "ABSTRACT                <p>Worldwide climate change will most likely lead to drastic changes in hydrology and food production. In this study, the impact of climate change on the hydrological regime and the fate of pesticides in the Guayas River basin is investigated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool. Four general circulation models and three representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5) for three future periods were used to assess impact of climate change. Future projections showed a maximum increase in the average monthly precipitation of 40% in June, as well as an increase in an average minimum temperature of 3.85\uffc2\uffb0C for July and an average maximum temperature of 4.5\uffc2\uffb0C for August in 2080s. The model simulations based on RCP 8.5 scenario predict an increase in potential evapotranspiration by 11%, surface runoff of 39% and water yield of 33% in 2080s. The pesticide simulation showed the highest water concentrations during the wet season. Projections of trends in pesticide concentration indicate a similar trend to the current situation given the application rate remains the same. The results can be beneficial for the management and planning of the basin to mitigate flood and water quality-related impacts of food production and climate change.</p", "keywords": ["SOIL", "CALIBRATION", "climate change", "water balance", "WATER-QUALITY", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "PRECIPITATION", "Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)", "Guayas River basin", "pesticides", "general circulation models (GCMs)", "VALIDATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2024.064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Water%20and%20Climate%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wcc.2024.064", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wcc.2024.064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wcc.2024.064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wst.2018.398", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-04", "title": "Sensitivity analysis for an elemental sulfur-based two-step denitrification model", "description": "Abstract                <p>A local sensitivity analysis was performed for a chemically synthesized elemental sulfur (S0)-based two-step denitrification model, accounting for nitrite (NO2\uffe2\uff88\uff92) accumulation, biomass growth and S0 hydrolysis. The sensitivity analysis was aimed at verifying the model stability, understanding the model structure and individuating the model parameters to be further optimized. The mass specific area of the sulfur particles (a*) and hydrolysis kinetic constant (k1) were identified as the dominant parameters on the model outputs, i.e. nitrate (NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92), NO2\uffe2\uff88\uff92 and sulfate (SO42\uffe2\uff88\uff92) concentrations, confirming that the microbially catalyzed S0 hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step during S0-driven denitrification. Additionally, the maximum growth rates of the denitrifying biomass on NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 and NO2\uffe2\uff88\uff92 were detected as the most sensitive kinetic parameters.</p>", "keywords": ["Elemental sulfur", "Environmental Engineering", "0207 environmental engineering", "Biological surface-based hydrolysis; Elemental sulfur; Mathematical modeling; Sensitivity analysis; Two-step autotrophic denitrification; Environmental Engineering; Water Science and Technology", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Two-step autotrophic denitrification", "Bioreactors", "European Joint Doctorates", "European Commission", "Knowmad Institut", "Biological surface-based hydrolysis", "Nitrites", "Netherlands", "Water Science and Technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Aurora Universities Network", "EC", "Nitrates", "H2020", "Energy Research", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Mathematical modeling", "Sensitivity analysis", "Sulfur"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/724909/2/2018%20-%20Kostrytsia%20et%20al.%20-%20Water%20Science%20%26%20Technology%20-%20Sensitivity%20analysis%20for%20S0-based%20denitrification%20model.pdf"}, {"href": "http://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/78/6/1296/504647/wst078061296.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.398"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wst.2018.398", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wst.2018.398", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wst.2018.398"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.34", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-10", "title": "Phosphate-based treatments for conservation of stone", "description": "<p>To overcome the limitations of currently available protectives and consolidants for carbonate stones (such as marble and limestone), in 2011 the use of calcium phosphate was proposed. The idea is forming calcium phosphates (ideally hydroxyapatite) as the reaction product between the substrate and an aqueous solution of a phosphate salt, that the stone is treated with. In this paper, the studies aimed at identifying the best treatment conditions (in terms of nature and concentration of the phosphate precursor, solution pH, reaction time, ionic and organic additions) are first briefly summarized. Then, the efficacy of the phosphate treatment in protecting marble from dissolution in rain and restoring cohesion of weathered marble and limestone is discussed. Some recent studies on the use of the phosphate treatment on alternative substrates and some future steps for research on the topic are finally outlined.</p>", "keywords": ["Building construction", "Protection", "0103 physical sciences", "Cultural heritage", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Cultural heritage; Marble; Hydroxyapatite; Protection; Consolidation", "Marble", "Consolidation", "TH1-9745", "6. Clean water", "Hydroxyapatite"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sassoni, Enrico", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/628268/1/Sassoni%20%282017%29%20Review%20RTL.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.34"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/RILEM%20Technical%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.34", "name": "item", "description": "10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.34", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.34"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2166/wst.2022.179", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-01", "title": "Comparison of simple models for total nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff in FWS wetlands", "description": "Abstract                <p>Free water surface (FWS) wetlands can be used to treat agricultural runoff, thereby reducing diffuse pollution. However, as these are highly dynamic systems, their design is still challenging. Complex models tend to require detailed information for calibration, which can only be obtained when the wetland is constructed. Hence simplified models are widely used for FWS wetlands design. The limitations of these models in full-scale FWS wetlands is that these systems often cope with stochastic events with different input concentrations. In our study, we compared different simple transport and degradation models for total nitrogen under steady- and unsteady-state conditions using information collected from a tracer experiment and data from two precipitation events from a full-scale FWS wetland. The tanks-in-series model proved to be robust for simulating solute transport, and the first-order degradation model with non-zero background concentration performed best for total nitrogen concentrations. However, the optimal background concentration changed from event to event. Thus, to use the model as a design tool, it is advisable to include an upper and lower background concentration to determine a range of wetland performance under different events. Models under steady- and unsteady-state conditions with simulated data showed good performance, demonstrating their potential for wetland design.</p", "keywords": ["agricultural runoff", " design models", " free water surface wetlands", " modelling", " treatment wetlands", "Nitrogen", "treatment wetlands", "0207 environmental engineering", "Water", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "agricultural runoff", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "modelling", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "Denitrification", "design models", "free water surface wetlands", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/889925/1/wst085113301.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/85/11/3301/1062302/wst085113301.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2022.179"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2166/wst.2022.179", "name": "item", "description": "10.2166/wst.2022.179", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2166/wst.2022.179"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-08", "description": "Open AccessEn este estudio se evalu\u00f3 la biomasa a\u00e9rea en seis diferentes sistemas agroforestales de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) asociado con especies forestales maderables y frutales\u00a0; con el prop\u00f3sito de conocer el potencial de captura de carbono por cada sistema. El estudio se realiz\u00f3 en dos diferentes sitios ubicados en la regi\u00f3n San Mart\u00edn (Provinces de San Mart\u00edn et Mariscal C\u00e1ceres). Los sistemas agroforestales estimados presentaron edades de 5, 12 y 20 a\u00f1os. En cada sistema se establecieron aleatoriamente cinco cuadrantes de 100 m2 cada uno, evalu\u00e1ndose la biomasa vegetal total existente. Para evaluar la ecuaci\u00f3n alom\u00e9trica del cacao se muestrearon 7 plantas cuyas edades variaron de 01 hasta 22 a\u00f1os. Loas resultados en captura de carbono en cada sistema agroforestal var\u00edan desde 26,2 t C ha-1para el sistema de Pachiza de 5 a\u00f1os hasta 45,07 t C ha-1del sistema agroforestal de Pachiza de 12 a\u00f1os\u00a0; As\u00ed mismo, la captura de carbono en biomasa arb\u00f3rea de los \u00e1rboles vivos, oscil\u00f3 desde 12,09 t ha-1 hasta 35,5 t ha-1, seguido por la biomasa de hojarasca que presentaron valores desde 4 t ha-1 hasta 9,97 t ha-1\u00a0; mientras la biomasa de \u00e1rboles muertos en pie y ca\u00eddos muertos presentaron valores muy variables y bajos. Los sistemas agroforestales de 12 y 20 a\u00f1os representan el 66,7% de los sistemas que presentan reservas de carbono por encima de los 40 t C ha-1\u00a0; mientras que los sistemas de 5 a\u00f1os se encuentran con reservas de carbono por debajo de los 30 t C ha-1. Los sistemas agroforestales de 5 a\u00f1os ubicados en Juanjui y Pachiza presentaron el mayor flujo de carbono anual, generando el mayor beneficio econ\u00f3mico con cr\u00e9ditos por CO2 equivalente.", "keywords": ["cacao", "sistemas agroforestales", "Horticulture", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Humanities", "Cocoa Production", "Carbono", "cr\u00e9ditos de C", "Agroforestry systems", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "Geography", "Life Sciences", "carbon credits", "FOS: Humanities", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Cacao Agroforestry Management and Conservation", "biomasa", "13. Climate action", "Theobroma", "CO\u00b2", "Art"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Concha, Juanita Y., Alegre, Julio C., Pocomucha, Vicente,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecolog%C3%ADa%20Aplicada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "name": "item", "description": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2174/1874331501307010022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-13", "description": "It is expected that the agricultural intensification occurred in recent decades in the Argentine Rolling Pampa significantly alters the SOM reserves. Therefore, it is necessary to identify soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions to understand the functionality and stabilization of these reserves. Our objectives were to study the NT effect in two crop rotations, corn-double cropped wheat/soybean (MWS) and double cropped wheat/soybean (WS) on: 1) SOM and its particle size and biological fractions contents, 2) C and N stubble biomass and 3) some soil properties in order to explain the SOM differences found. The larger biomass residue remaining on the soil surface under NT promoted higher aggregate stability and lower soil temperature and pH. At 0-5 cm soil depth, NT exhibited higher C and N contents, for both uncomplexed and intimately associated to the mineral components fractions. However, the results indicated variations in the SOM protection according to the rotation: in MWS the high aggregate stability showed better physical protection, while in WS the greater cation exchange capacity and the lower value of N released by anaerobic incubation would indicate the presence of transformed SOM. At 5-20 cm soil depth, only in WS, C microbial biomass was higher with a low metabolic rate, indicating again the presence of highly decomposed SOM. The results obtained in WS under NT would indicate the possibility of achieving slower recycled of the SOM.", "keywords": ["Rotaci\u00f3n de Cultivos", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "soil organic matter fractions", "Plant Soil Relations", "Propiedades F\u00edsico-qu\u00edmicas Suelo", "Residuos de Cosechas", "Nitrogen", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Crop Residues", "Conventional Tillage", "Materia Org\u00e1nica", "Labranza Convencional", "630", "Regi\u00f3n Pampa Ondulada", "no tillage;crop rotations;soil organic matter fractions", "Crop Rotation", "no tillage", "crop rotations", "Carbono", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Zero Tillage", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitr\u00f3geno", "Soil Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Relaciones Planta Selo", "Carbon", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Organic Matter", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Organic Matter Fractions", "Biolog\u00eda del Suelo", "Fracciones de la Materia Org\u00e1nica", "Cero-labranza"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Irizar, A, Andriulo, Adrian Enrique, Mary, Bruno, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02642900/file/2013_Irizar_Open%20Agriculture%20Journal_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1874331501307010022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Open%20Agriculture%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2174/1874331501307010022", "name": "item", "description": "10.2174/1874331501307010022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2174/1874331501307010022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2261070", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-17", "title": "Growth-Limiting Nutrients In Sphagnum-Dominated Bogs Subject To Low And High Atmospheric Nitrogen Supply", "description": "The effects of increased nitrogen or phosphorus supply on the productivity of Sphagnum-dominated ombrotrophic bogs in northern and southern Sweden were studied. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in souther Sweden (high-N site) exceeds that in northern Sweden (low-N site) by about tenfold. Vertical height growth of the Sphagnum carpet was measured by the crankedwire method. Length growth of individuals was measured by autoradiography after labelling with  14 CO 2 . The results of both methods were significantly correlated, but the cranked-wire data were systematically lower. Productivity of Sphagnum at the low-N site increase almost fourfold after additional nitrogen supply (4 g N m \u22121  year \u22121 ), but no increase was found after additional phosphorus supply (0.4 g P m \u22122  year \u22121 ) (...)", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nils Malmer, Rien Aerts, Bo Wall\u00e9n,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2261070"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2261070", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2261070", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2261070"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1992-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22004/ag.econ.320304", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-16", "title": "INSPIRE Hackathons and SmartAfriHub \u2013 Roadmap for Addressing the Agriculture Data Challenges in Africa", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Digital farming holds enormous potential for agricultural development, and giving farmers the tools to boost productivity and profitability. Although the benefits of digitalization are numerous, farmers feel they are not the ones benefiting from the value of data collected on their farms. Several issues were identified as factors restricting farmers from benefiting from data-driven agriculture. From the farmers\u2019 perspective, there is a distinct lack of awareness of the issues surrounding farm data, and the complexity of these issues. This feeds into the imbalance that exists between individual farmers and larger agribusinesses wherein the former lack enough resources to address and analyse the significance of data, and so cannot take advantage of the value in it. There is also limited legislation for the generation, flow, exchange and use of data; where legislation does exist, it is not well understood by farmer organisations. From a policy perspective, moreover, there is very little guidance as to which agricultural data can be considered personal data, and therefore protected by privacy laws. This paper analyses the interactions and effects of the 5 Concepts: Open Agricultural Data, Open-Source Software, Citizen Science, privacy and legal and ethical issues that are assumed to advance the digitalization of African Food System (AFS and the enabling Digital Innovation Hub (DIH) - SmartAfriHub (https://www.smartafrihub.com/home).</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies", "Citizen Science", "Agricultural and Food Policy", "Open Data", "Africa Smart Agriculture", "1. No poverty", "15. Life on land", "Open-Source Software"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.320304"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agris%20on-line%20Papers%20in%20Economics%20and%20Informatics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22004/ag.econ.320304", "name": "item", "description": "10.22004/ag.econ.320304", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22004/ag.econ.320304"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/3544933", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-16", "title": "Differential Growth-Responses Of Cassiope-Tetragona, An Arctic Dwarf-Shrub, To Environmental Perturbations Among 3 Contrasting High Sites And Sub-Arctic Sites", "description": "Three populations of Cassiope tetragona (Ericaceae) were subjected to in situ environmental perturbations simulating predictions of global warming. The populations were selected to represent different parts of the range of the species, one growing in a high arctic coastal heath at Ny-Alesund (Svalbard, northern part of the species' range), one at a subarctic fellfield at 1150 m a.s.l. at Abisko, Swedish Lapland, and one in a subarctic tree-line heath at 450 m a.s.l. at Abisko, southern part of the species' range. The manipulations included nutrient addition, shading and two levels of temperature enhancement using passive greenhouses", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mats Havstr\u00f6m, Terry V. Callaghan, Sven Jonasson, Mats Havstrom,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/3544933"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oikos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/3544933", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/3544933", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/3544933"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21769/bioprotoc.3799", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-19", "title": "Low-cost and High-throughput RNA-seq Library Preparation for Illumina Sequencing from Plant Tissue", "description": "Transcriptome analysis can provide clues to biological processes affected in different genetic backgrounds or/and under various conditions. The price of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has decreased enough so that medium- to large-scale transcriptome analyses in a range of conditions are feasible. However, the price and variety of options for library preparation of RNA-seq can still be daunting to those who would like to use RNA-seq for their first time or for a single experiment. Among the criteria for selecting a library preparation protocol are the method of RNA isolation, nucleotide fragmentation to obtain desired size range, and library indexing to pool sequencing samples for multiplexing. Here, we present a high-quality and a high-throughput option for preparing libraries from polyadenylated mRNA for transcriptome analysis. Both high-quality and high-throughput protocol options include steps of mRNA enrichment through magnetic bead-enabled precipitation of the poly-A tail, cDNA synthesis, and then fragmentation and adapter addition simultaneously through Tn5-mediated 'tagmentation'. All steps of the protocols have been validated with Arabidopsis thaliana leaf and seedling tissues and streamlined to work together, with minimal cost in money and time, thus intended to provide a beginner-friendly start-to-finish RNA-seq library preparation for transcriptome analysis.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Arabidopsis thaliana", "QH301-705.5", "Plant", "580 Plants (Botany)", "Multiplexing", "Tagmentation", "03 medical and health sciences", "10126 Department of Plant and Microbial Biology", "10211 Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center", "RNA-seq", "Biology (General)", "Transcriptomics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt44f1027m/qt44f1027m.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.21769/bioprotoc.3799"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BIO-PROTOCOL", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21769/bioprotoc.3799", "name": "item", "description": "10.21769/bioprotoc.3799", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21769/bioprotoc.3799"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22323/1.028.0046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-07", "title": "Electron capture reactions in neutron star crusts: deep heating and observational constraints", "description": "We compute the nucleosynthesis in the outer crust of an accreting neutron star, starting with an rp-process distribution of nuclei and integrating to neutron-drip density. Our reaction network includes temperature-dependent continuum electron capture rates and realistic sources of heat loss by thermal neutrino emission from the crust and core. We show that, in contrast to previous calculations, electron captures into excited states and subsequent \u03b3-emission significantly increases the local heat deposited into the outer crust. This heating raises the crust temperature and reduces the critical accreted mass needed for unstable ignition of 12C + 12C, which is thought to trigger superbursts observed from some accreting neutron stars. As a result, the superburst recurrence time is shortened, which brings calculations of the superburst ignition depth closer to that inferred from observations.", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Edward F. Brown, Sanjib S. Gupta, Hendrik Schatz, Peter M\u00f6ller, Karl Ludwig Kratz,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20International%20Symposium%20on%20Nuclear%20Astrophysics%20-%20Nuclei%20in%20the%20Cosmos%20-%20IX%20%E2%80%94%20PoS%28NIC-IX%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22323/1.028.0046", "name": "item", "description": "10.22323/1.028.0046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22323/1.028.0046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "Physical, chemical and biological attributes of soil surface are significantly affected by tillage practices and crop rotation. The objective of this study was to determine the short-term (2006-2009) effects of conventional and conservational tillage practices on selected soil physical properties of a heavy clay soil under two wheat-corn and wheatlegume rotation in a semi-arid Mediterranean Region. Treatments included conventional tillage with residue incorporated in soil (CT1), conventional tillage with burned residue (CT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc-harrow (RT1), reduced tillage with rotary tiller (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) and no tillage (NT). Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected to determine saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC), bulk density (BD), mean weight diameter (MWD), available water content (AWC) and total porosity at 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths. The highest HC values of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths were obtained with CT1 (9.70\u00d710 -6 m s -1 , 8.74\u00d710 -6 m s -1 ) and CT2 (9.39\u00d710 -6 m s -1 , 8.58\u00d710 -6 m s -1 ) applications. CT2 treatment destructed the soil aggregates and resulted in greater bulk density and low total porosity at 0-10 cm depth. The available water content at 0-10 cm depth was significantly reduced with the CT1 (P<0.01) and CT2 applications (P<0.05). Although three years of no-tillage application in clay rich soils caused higher bulk density and low porosity, increase in MWD is an indication of soil and water conservation. Therefore, no till and reduced till applications should be adapted to the farmers\u2019 conditions for sustainability in agriculture.", "keywords": ["Physical properties", "Conventional tillage", "Notillage", "Rotation", "Residue burning", "Hydraulic conductivity", "Porosity", "Tillage systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Celik, I., Turgut, M. M., Acir, N.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22069/ijpp.2012.760"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Plant%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "name": "item", "description": "10.22069/ijpp.2012.760", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22069/ijpp.2012.760"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3832/ifor3682-014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-01", "title": "Historical fire ecology and its effect on vegetation dynamics of the Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, M\u00e9xico", "description": "Historical information on wildfires and dendrochronological studies offer meaningful clues about fire and climate regimes, factors that affect forest structure and dynamics. This study aimed to determine the effect of fire history on vegetation dynamics and successional pathways of areas under different fire management policies in the Lagunas de Montebello National Park (LMNP), Chiapas, M\u00e9xico. The selected study sites were El Parque area under fire exclusion policies since 1961; Tziscao-inhabited area under fire prohibition since 1984; and Antel\u00e1 area with a traditional agricultural fire management history. A Pinus oocarpa ring-width chronology was used as a proxy for climate variability to which wildfire occurrence was mapped and to determine the establishment patterns of this dominant species. Current vegetation composition and structure and fuel loads were determined to characterise the study sites. Large wildfires, like those occurring in 1984 and 1998, were associated with periods of high humidity followed by intense droughts; they were linked to strong El Ni\u00f1o events and severely impacted the LMNP. Vegetation dynamics indicated simplification of mesophyll forest (climax) to pine-oak-sweetgum forests, with Pinus dominating the overstorey in all sampling sites. Pine, oak and sweetgum species were the dominant juvenile trees in Antel\u00e1, El Parque and Tziscao, respectively. Late-successional seedlings (i.e., Prunus) were present in Antel\u00e1 and El Parque, while were absent from Tziscao where several wildfires had occurred. Fuel accumulation in sites within protected areas subject to fire exclusion policies was very high (40-68 t ha-1); in contrast, it was the lowest in rural Antel\u00e1 (24 t ha-1). Considering vegetation vulnerability to wildfires associated with extreme humid-dry climate events, increased fire hazard due to fuel accumulation, and the socio-ecological impacts of these events, we recommend revising the fire exclusion policies currently implemented in the LMNP and applying an integrated fire management approach that incorporates local socio-ecological conditions.", "keywords": ["Fuel Loads", "Dendrochronology", "Ecological Succession", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Historical Ecology", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fire Ecology", "10. No inequality", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3682-014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/iForest%20-%20Biogeosciences%20and%20Forestry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3832/ifor3682-014", "name": "item", "description": "10.3832/ifor3682-014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3832/ifor3682-014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2214/ajr.178.2.1780511a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-28", "title": "Exposing Radiation Exposure", "keywords": ["03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leo F.W. Martin", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.178.2.1780511a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Roentgenology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2214/ajr.178.2.1780511a", "name": "item", "description": "10.2214/ajr.178.2.1780511a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2214/ajr.178.2.1780511a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22323/2.20060201", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-13", "title": "Onto new horizons: insights from the WeObserve project to strengthen the awareness, acceptability and sustainability of Citizen Observatories in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>WeObserve delivered the first European-wide Citizen Observatory (CO) knowledge platform to share best practices, to address challenges and to inform practitioners, policy makers and funders of COs. We present key insights from WeObserve activities into leveraging challenges to create interlinked solutions, connecting with international frameworks and groups, advancing the field through communities of practice and practitioner networks, and fostering an enabling environment for COs. We also discuss how the new Horizon Europe funding programme can help to further advance the CO concept, and vice versa, how COs can provide a suitable mechanism to support the ambitions of Horizon Europe.</p></article>", "keywords": ["engagement with science and technology", "Citizen science", "Environmental communication", "01 natural sciences", "004", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/17498/1/JCOM_2006_2021_A01.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.22323/2.20060201"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Science%20Communication", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22323/2.20060201", "name": "item", "description": "10.22323/2.20060201", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22323/2.20060201"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22541/au.164212487.73179731/v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-14", "title": "Community assembly and metaphylogeography of soil biodiversity: insights from haplotype-level community DNA metabarcoding within an oceanic island", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p id='p1'>Most of our understanding of island diversity comes from the study of aboveground systems, while the patterns and processes of diversification and community assembly for belowground biotas remain poorly understood. Here we take advantage of a relatively young and dynamic oceanic island to advance our understanding of eco-evolutionary processes driving community assembly within soil mesofauna. Using whole organism community DNA (wocDNA) metabarcoding and the recently developed metaMATE pipeline, we have generated spatially explicit and reliable haplotype-level DNA sequence data for soil mesofaunal assemblages sampled across the four main habitats within the island of Tenerife. Community ecological and metaphylogeographic analyses have been performed at multiple levels of genetic similarity, from haplotypes to species and supraspecific groupings. Broadly consistent patterns of local-scale species richness across different insular habitats have been found, whereas local insular richness is lower than in continental settings. Our results reveal an important role for niche conservatism as a driver of insular community assembly of soil mesofauna, with only limited evidence for habitat shifts promoting diversification. Furthermore, support is found for a fundamental role of habitat in the assembly of soil mesofauna, where habitat specialism is mainly due to colonisation and the establishment of preadapted species. Hierarchical patterns of distance decay at the community level and metaphylogeographical analyses support a pattern of geographic structuring over limited spatial scales, from the level of haplotypes through to species and lineages, as expected for taxa with strong dispersal limitations. Our results demonstrate the potential for wocDNA metabarcoding to advance our understanding of biodiversity.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "island biogeography", "500", "Original Articles", "Biodiversity", "DNA", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Haplotypes", "Collembola", "DNA Barcoding", " Taxonomic", "14. Life underwater", "Acari", "Ecosystem", "mesofauna"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.164212487.73179731/v1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecular%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22541/au.164212487.73179731/v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.22541/au.164212487.73179731/v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22541/au.164212487.73179731/v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22541/au.162389526.68400631/v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-17", "title": "Convergent evolution of gene regulatory networks underlying plant adaptations to dry environments", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p id='p1'>Plants transitioned from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle during their evolution. On land, fluctuations on water availability in the environment became one of the major problems they encountered. The appearance of morpho-physiological adaptations to cope with and tolerate water loss from the cells was undeniably useful to survive on dry land. Some of these adaptations, such as carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), desiccation tolerance (DT) and root impermeabilization, appeared in multiple plant lineages. Despite being crucial for evolution on land, it has been unclear how these adaptations convergently evolved in the various plant lineages. Recent advances on whole genome and transcriptome sequencing are revealing that co-option of genes and gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is a common feature underlying the convergent evolution of these adaptations. In this review we address how the study of CCMs and DT have provided insight into convergent evolution of GRNs underlying plant adaptation to dry environments, and how these insights could be applied to currently emerging understanding of evolution of root impermeabilization through different barrier cell types. We discuss examples of co-option, conservation, and innovation of genes and GRNs at the cell, tissue and organ levels revealed by recent phylogenomic (comparative genomic) and comparative transcriptomic studies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Physiology", "desiccation tolerance", "exodermis", "Adaptation", " Biological", "Reviews", "Plant Science", "comparative genomics", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Genes", " Plant", "Biological Evolution", "03 medical and health sciences", "apoplastic barriers", "Gene Regulatory Networks", "Desert Climate"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/pce.14143"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.22541/au.162389526.68400631/v1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22541/au.162389526.68400631/v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.22541/au.162389526.68400631/v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22541/au.162389526.68400631/v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1353072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-13", "title": "Effects Of Phragmites Australis (Common Reed) Invasion On Aboveground Biomass And Soil Properties In Brackish Tidal Marsh Of The Mullica River, New Jersey", "description": "Phragmites australis (common reed) has been increasing in brackish tidal wetlands of the eastern United States coast over the last century. Whereas several researchers have documented changes in community structure, this research explores the effects of Phragmites expansion on aboveground biomass and soil properties. We used historical aerial photography and a global positioning system (GPS) to identify and age Phragmites patches within a high marsh dominated by shortgrasses (Spartina patens and Distichlis spicata). Plots along transects were established within the vegetation types to represent a gradient of species dominance and a variety of ages of the Phragmites plots. In comparison to neighboring shortgrass communities, Phragmites communities were found to have nearly 10 times the live aboveground biomass. They also had lower soil salinity at the surface, a lower water level, less pronounced microtopographic relief, and higher redox potentials. These soil factors were correlated with the age and biomass of Phragmites communities, were increasingly different with increasing Phragmites dominance along the transects, and were increasingly altered by the ages of Phragmites communities until the factors stabilized in plots of 8 yr to 15 yr of age. We propose that Phragmites expansion plays an important role in altering these soil properties and suggest a variety of mechanisms to explain these alterations.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lisamarie Windham, Richard G. Lathrop,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1353072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuaries", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1353072", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1353072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1353072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-05", "title": "Feasibility of Formulating Ecosystem Biogeochemical Models From Established Physical Rules", "description": "Abstract<p>To improve the predictive capability of ecosystem biogeochemical models (EBMs), we discuss the feasibility of formulating biogeochemical processes using physical rules that have underpinned the many successes in computational physics and chemistry. We argue that the currently popular empirically based approaches, such as multiplicative empirical response functions and the law of the minimum, will not lead to EBM formulations that can be continuously refined to incorporate improved mechanistic understanding and empirical observations of biogeochemical processes. Instead, we propose that EBM parameterizations, as a lossy data compression problem, can be better formulated using established physical rules widely used in computational physics and chemistry, and different biogeochemical processes can be more robustly integrated within a reactive\uffe2\uff80\uff90transport framework. Through several examples, we demonstrate how mathematical representations derived from physical rules can improve understanding of relevant biogeochemical processes and enable more effective communication between modelers, observationalists, and experimentalists regarding essential questions, such as what measurements are needed to meaningfully inform models and how can models generate new process\uffe2\uff80\uff90level hypotheses to test in empirical studies. Finally, while empirical models with more parameters are often less robust, physical rules\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can be more robust and show lower predictive equifinality, stemming from their enhanced consistency in representations of processes, interactions and spatial scaling.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Geophysics", "ecosystem biogeochemistry", "empirical response function", "biogeochemical modeling", "Earth Sciences", "soil carbon dynamics", "Oceanography", "Life Below Water", "physical rules", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5m29f2t9/qt5m29f2t9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2298/gensr1103607k", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-23", "title": "Genotype And Liming Effects On Cadmium Concentration In Maize (Zea Mays L.)", "description": "<p>Liming experiment with hydrated lime (73% CaO + 2-3% MgO + 21% water) in the    amounts 0, 5.0 and 20.0 t ha-1 was conducted in spring 2006 on acid soil.    Each plot of liming (414m2) was divided in four sub-plots for receiving four    replicates in level of the genotype. Six domestic maize hybrids (Os298P,    Tvrtko303, Os499, Os444, Os596 and Os552) originating from Agricultural    Institute Osijek was sown at beginning of May (basic plot 24 m2). The    ear-leaf samples of maize were collected at flowering and grain in maturity    stages. Mean grain yields of maize in the experiment were 11.63 and 4.83 t    ha-1, for the 2006 and the 2007 growing season, respectively. Unfavorable    weather characteristics in 2007 were main responsible for yield loss. Yield    differences between liming treatments and the control were in both years    non-significant. Liming effects on decreasing leaf-Cd in maize was found in    both years (2-year means: 0.095 and 0.066, for the control and mean of two    liming treatments, respectively). Considerable difference of leaf-Cd was    found among the maize hybrids and it was in range from 0.040 to 0.160 mg Cd    kg-1. Two hybrids (Os298P and Tvrtko 303) separated from remaining four    hybrids by the higher leaf-Cd (2-year means 0.141 and 0.043 mg Cd kg-1,    respectively). However, these differences are responsible for possible    harmful dietary effects only in case of using these hybrids as silage maize    because grain-Cd in maize was considerably lower (under detectable range =    &lt;0.02 mg Cd kg-1) and without effects on food contamination.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "Cadmium ; Grain ; Leaf ; Liming ; Maize hybrids", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr1103607k"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Genetika", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2298/gensr1103607k", "name": "item", "description": "10.2298/gensr1103607k", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2298/gensr1103607k"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2298/abs0904741f", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-23", "title": "Patterns And Relationships Of Plant Traits, Community Structural Attributes, And Eco-Hydrological Functions During A Subtropical Secondary Succession In Central Yunnan (Southwest China)", "description": "<p>Human-induced changes in land use lead to major changes in plant community composition and structure which have strong effects on eco-hydrological processes and functions. We here tested the hypothesis that changes in traits of living plants have resulted in changes in structural attributes of the community that influenced eco-hydrological functions by altering eco-hydrological processes. This was done in the context of a subtropical secondary forest suc?cession following land abandonment in Central Yunnan (Southwest China). During the succession, species with high specific leaf area (SLA), high leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), high specific root length (SRL), and low leaf dry matter content (LDMC) were progressively replaced by species with the opposite characteristics. The obtained results of correlation analyses were as follows: (1) Correlations were significant between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, and the leaf area index (LAI). Significant correlations were detected between LAI, canopy interception and stemflow, and surface runoff and soil erosion. (2) Significant correlations were also found between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, LDMC, and accumulated litter biomass. High accumulated litter biomass strongly increases the maximum water-retaining capac?ity of litter. However, significant correlations were not found between the maximum water-retaining capacity of litter and surface runoff and soil erosion. (3) Correlations were significant between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, and fine root biomass. Fine root biomass was not significantly related to the maximum water-retaining capacity of the soil, but was significantly related to surface runoff and soil erosion. These results suggest that canopy characteristics play a more important role in control of runoff and soil erosion at the studied site. It follows that plant functional traits are closely linked with canopy characteristics, which should be used as a standard for selecting species in restoration and revegetation for water and soil conservation.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "plant functional traits", "forest ecological hydrology", "QH301-705.5", "community structure", "Biology (General)", "15. Life on land", "water and soil conservation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2298/abs0904741f"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Archives%20of%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2298/abs0904741f", "name": "item", "description": "10.2298/abs0904741f", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2298/abs0904741f"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2298/zmspn1835053m", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-21", "title": "Strictly protected species of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Serbia in the face of climate change", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Climate change is happening. Due to a spectrum of possible conse?quences,    numerous studies examine the effects of global warming on species    distribution. This study examines the effects of changing climate on    distribution of selected strictly protected species of hoverflies in Serbia,    by using species distribution modelling. Ten species were included in the    analysis. Three species were predicted to lose a part of their range across    time, while for seven species the range expansion was predicted. Both in the    present time and in the future, mountainous regions have the highest species    richness, such as Golija, Kopaonik, and Prokletije in the western Serbia,    and mountains Stara Planina, Besna Kobila, Suva Planina, and Dukat in the    southeastern part of the country. However, beside climate change, there are    several other factors that might influence the distribution of strictly    pro?tected hoverflies in Serbia, such as intensive land use and degradation    of habitats. Addition?ally, global warming also affects flowering plants    that syrphids are dependent on, which could present another obstacle to    their future range expansions. These results can contribute to planning    future steps for the conservation of strictly protected hoverfly species.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1835053m"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Zbornik%20Matice%20srpske%20za%20prirodne%20nauke", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2298/zmspn1835053m", "name": "item", "description": "10.2298/zmspn1835053m", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2298/zmspn1835053m"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1351977", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-13", "title": "Are Spartina Marshes A Replaceable Resource - A Functional-Approach To Evaluation Of Marsh Creation Efforts", "description": "Marsh creation has come into increasing use as a measure to mitigate loss of valuable wetlands. However, few programs have addressed the functional ecological equivalence of man-made marshes and their natural counterparts. This study addresses structural and functional interactions in a man-made and two natural marshes. This was done by integrating substrate characteristics and marsh utilization by organisms of two trophic levels. Sediment properties, infaunal community composition, andFundulus heteroclitus marsh utilization were compared for a man-madeSpartina salt marsh (between ages 1 to 3 yr) in Dills Creek, North Carolina, and adjacent natural marshes to the east and west. East natural marsh and planted marsh sediment grain-size distributions were more similar to each other than to the west natural marsh due to shared drainage systems, but sediment organic content of the planted marsh was much lower than in either natural marsh. This difference was reflected in macrofaunal composition. Natural marsh sediments were inhabited primarily by subsurface, deposit-feeding oligochaetes whereas planted marsh sediments were dominated by the tube-building, surface-deposit feeding polychaetesStreblospio benedicti andManayunkia aestuarina. Infaunal differences were mirrored inFundulus diets. Natural marsh diets contained more detritus and insects, because oligochaetes, though abundant, were relatively inaccessible. Polychaetes and algae were major constituents of the planted marshFundulus diet. Though naturalmarsh fish may acquire a potentially less nutritive, detritus-based diet relative to the higher animal protein diet of the planted marsh fish,Fundulus abundances were markedly lower in the planted marsh than in the natural marshes, indicating fewer fish were being supported. LowerSpartina stem densities in the planted marsh may have provided inadequate protection from predation or insufficient spawning sites for the fundulids. After three years, the planted marsh remained functionally distinct from the adjacent natural marshes. Mitigation success at Dills Creek could have been improved by increasing tidal flushing, thereby enhancing, access to marine organisms and by mulching withSpartina wrack to increase sediment organic-matter content and porosity. Results from this study indicate that salt marshes should not be treated as a replaceable resource in the short term. The extreme spatial and temporal variability inherent to salt marshes make it virtually impossible to exactly replace a marsh by planting one on another site.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1351977"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuaries", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1351977", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1351977", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1351977"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1991-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1352723", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-13", "title": "Decomposition Rates Of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria) And Lyngbyei'S Sedge (Carex Lyngbyei) In The Fraser River Estuary", "description": "Using litter bag experiments in the Fraser River estuary in British Columbia, we tested for differences in the relative decomposition rates between leaves of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), an introduced exotic and a native sedge (Carex lyngbyei). The difference in the mean decay rate coefficient for the two species was significantly defferent (p<0.01) and the coefficient for purple loosestrife (0.0110 d\u22121) was nearly four times higher than for Lyngbyei's sedge (0.0028 d\u22121). This is the first estimate of the decay rate coefficient for purple loosestrife from an estuary. The rapid decay rate of loosestrife leaves suggests that they supply detritus to the ecosystem in autumn whereas the much slower decay rate of sedge implies that it supplies detritus throughout the winter and early spring. Consumer organisms important in juvenile salmon food webs appear to be adapted to take advantage of the detritus provided in these seasons. The findings have implications for habitat management because purple loosestrife has recently invaded estuaries of the northeast Pacific and may be outcompeting native sedges important in detrital-based food webs.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1352723"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuaries", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1352723", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1352723", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1352723"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1938874", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "description": "<p>Standing crop, rates of production, mortality, decomposition, and nitrogen dynamics of two size classes of fine roots (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9405 mm and 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uff943.0 mm diameter) were estimated for 1 yr in a 53\uffe2\uff80\uff94yr\uffe2\uff80\uff94old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantation and in an adjacent 80\uffe2\uff80\uff94yr\uffe2\uff80\uff94old mixed hardwood stand in north\uffe2\uff80\uff94central Massachusetts. Dry matter of live fine roots was higher in the hardwoods (mean = 6.1 Mg/ha; annual range 3.6\uffe2\uff80\uff948.6 Mg/ha) than in the plantation (mean = 5.1 Mg/ha; annual range 2.5\uffe2\uff80\uff947.8 Mg/ha.) Dead root mass was similar in the hardwoods (mean = 4.4 Mg/ha) and the plantation (mean = 4.0 Mg/ha). Nitrogen standing crop of live roots in the hardwoods was higher than in the plantation (mean = 65 kg/ha and 42 kg/ha, respectively). Net fine root production was estimated from changes in standing crop. Production estimates ranged from 4.1 to 11.4 Mg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 in the hardwoods and from 3.2 to 10.9 Mg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 in the plantation, depending on the assumptions made in the calculations. Concurrent estimates of total nitrogen requirement for this production ranged from 73 to 184 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 in the hardwoods and from 44 to 122 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 in the plantation. Decomposition, measured as mass loss from buried cloth bags, was \uffc2\uffb020% in 0.4\uffe2\uff80\uff94mm mesh bags and as high as 47% in 3\uffe2\uff80\uff94mm mesh bags after 1 yr. Integrating production and nitrogen requirements with estimates of decomposition rates and nitrogen mineralization for these ecosystems suggested that the lower estimates of production are more accurate.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1938874"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1938874", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1938874", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1938874"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1982-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2388455", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-04", "title": "Soil Organic-Matter In Secondary Forests Of Puerto-Rico", "description": "Soil organic matter content and loose litter were studied in secondary forests of the subtropical moistand wet-forest life zones of Puerto Rico to observe patterns due to life zone (climate), type of forest cover, soil group, and topography. Soil organic matter content in the top 23 cm ranged from 8.99 kg/m) in the moist-forest life zone to 7.30 kg/m' in the wet-forest life zone, a highly significant difference. Greater amounts of soil organic matter were found under higher timber volumes, but the trend was less pronounced in the wet forest. Significant interactions with life zone were found for organic matter among soil groups (deep volcanic, shallow volcanic, granitic, and limestone) and among forest classes (young secondary, late secondary, abandoned coffee, and active coffee shade). In secondary forests on granitic soils, highly significant differences of 12.98 and 7.32 kg/m2 of organic matter were found in wet and moist forests, respectively. Moreover, highly significant differences were observed by landform and slope in active coffee shade in wet forests, with the lowest values on convex land forms and slopes >45 percent. Mean loose litter storages in moist and wet forests were not significantly different, nor was there a significant interaction with life zone. Significant differences, however, were detected by timber volume class, soil group, and forest class. Within these highly disturbed wet and moist forests, greater timber volumes tended to be associated with greater loose litter accumulation. AFTER DISCOVERY OF THE ISLAND, the forests of Puerto Rico were cut for timber, cropland, and fuelwood, and by the mid1940s, undisturbed forests accounted for < 1 percent of the land area. Loss of soil organic matter and exposure of subsoils occurred under the widespread practice of slash and burn agriculture (Smith et al. 195 1). In the late 1940s, industrialization and the accompanying rural-tourban migration left much abandoned cropland and pasture in the mountainous interior. Today, a little over 30 percent of the island is covered by forest, much of it on these abandoned sites. Organic matter influences the physical and chemical properties of soil, commonly accounting for much of the cation-exchange capacity. It also influences the stability of soil aggregates, provides sustenance for soil microorganisms, and is a critical factor in soil fertility (Buckman & Brady 1960). In undisturbed conditions, soil organic matter in moistand wet-forest life zones (that is, with the temperature-to-precipitation ratio approaching unity) is roughly 40 kg/m2 (Brown & Lugo 1982). Clearing for agriculture leads to a decline in soil organic carbon, particularly in soils developed on highly weathered parent I Received 22 October 1984, revision accepted 15 October 1985. ma erials (Allen 1985). Although forest clearing continues at a rapid pace (Sommer 1976; Lanley & Clement 1979) and nearly 1.1 million km2 in the Caribbean, Central, and South America have been classified as forest fallow (Lanley & Gillis 1980), the dynamics of organic matter recovery in tropical soils have not been well documented on a regional basis. The initiation of a secondary forest inventory provided a unique opportunity to sample soils throughout the central part of Puerto Rico to relate loose litter and soil organic matter content to climate, vegetation cover, soil type, and topography. This information is needed for comparison with undisturbed soils under natural cover and to provide insights on soil organic matter dynamics after abandonment of farming in tropical regions.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ariel E. Lugo, Peter L. Weaver, Richard A. Birdsey,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2388455"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biotropica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2388455", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2388455", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2388455"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1987-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1310387", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-25", "title": "Detritus Accumulation Limits Productivity Of Tallgrass Prairie", "description": "allgrass prairie once occupied about three percent (ca. 575,000 km2) of the North American continent (Kiichler 1964, Figure 1), but now is found in only isolated remnants. With a few notable exceptions (e.g., Hadley and Kieckhefer 1963, Kucera et al. 1967), the eastern portion of the tallgrass prairie was converted into agroecosystems before scientists could evaluate the mechanisms responsible for its maintenance and productivity. The largest remnant of the tallgrass prairie that escaped the plow is represented by the Flint Hills on the southwestern edge of the biome, a region of approximately 10,000 km2 that extends from northeastern Kansas south into northeastern Oklahoma. An Oklaho-", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T. R. Seastedt, A. K. Knapp,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1310387"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioScience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1310387", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1310387", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1310387"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1986-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1352194", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-13", "title": "Long-Term Growth And Development Of Transplants Of The Salt-Marsh Grass Spartina-Alterniflora", "description": "The effect of transplant spacings (45, 60, and 90 cm) on establishment ofSpartina alterniflora along an eroding shoreline in North Carolina was evaluated and annual biomass production of the planted marsh was compared to a natural marsh. The 45- and 60-cm spacings were more successful for establishment on marginal sites that were near the lower elevation limits ofS. alterniflora. The 90-cm spacing was adequate where growing conditions were favorable. Measurements of aboveground growth indicated that there were no differences due to spacing by the end of the second growing season. Differences between spacing treatments in belowground dry weight persisted through three growing seasons. Annual aboveground and belowground standing crop of the transplanted marsh and a nearby natural marsh were compared over a ten-year period. During the early years of development, several characteristics of the transplanted vegetation differed from the natural marsh, but these differences diminished with time. Development of the aerial portion of the transplanted vegetation was rapid, with the most vigorous growth occurring in the second growing season. At that stage of development, the transplants were taller with more flowering stems and a greater standing crop. There were fewer but larger stems than in later years or in the natural marsh. Belowground standing crop increased over the first 3 growing seasons, reached an equilibrium level in 4 growing seasons, and remained constant during the remainder of the study. This indicated that annual production and decomposition of belowground material were about equal. Annual belowground production was estimated to be about 1.1 times the October standing crop of aboveground material. The results indicated that vegetation in a man-initiatedS. alterniflora marsh was effective in reducing shoreline erosion and was comparable to a natural marsh growing under similar environmental conditions. The ten-year sampling period was adequate to document that the transplanted marsh was equal in primary productivity and that it was persistent and self-sustaining.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ernest D. Seneca, W. W. Woodhouse, Stephen W. Broome,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1352194"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuaries", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1352194", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1352194", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1352194"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1986-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1478883", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Phosphorus Fertilization In A Phosphorus-Limited Fen: Effects Of Timing", "description": "<p>Abstract.  Phosphorus availability in low P\uffe2\uff80\uff90soils is primarily controlled by soil processes that are subject to seasonal fluctuation. There is evidence that summer drought causing low fen\uffe2\uff80\uff90water levels induces temporal high P\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability. We investigate here whether and how fen vegetation responds to P\uffe2\uff80\uff90pulses at different times in the season. Plots were fertilized with equal P\uffe2\uff80\uff90doses at three different times in the season. Four conclusions can be drawn from the experiment: 1. The vegetation is able to increase P\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake independent of the timing of fertilizer application; 2. Early\uffe2\uff80\uff90season fertilization stimulates growth and increases P\uffe2\uff80\uff90concentration in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground tissue while late\uffe2\uff80\uff90season fertilization does not stimulate growth but strongly increases above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground tissue concentration; 3. Timing effects cause differential species responses: the response of Carex demissa, a stress\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant species, is truly independent of timing, while Juncus articulatus, a CSR\uffe2\uff80\uff90type species (sensu Grime) profits more from early\uffe2\uff80\uff90season fertilization; 4. Timing effects persist over several years. The differences between the experimental treatment and the events it aimed to simulate are discussed. We expect that higher frequencies of drought events, that may be induced by climate change, will cause a shift from nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90stress tolerant towards stress\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant\uffe2\uff80\uff90competitor fen species.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bart Verhagen, Mohssine El-Kahloun, V\u00e9ronique Van Haesebroeck, Dirk Boeye,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1478883"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1478883", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1478883", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1478883"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-02-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1938722", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "description": "<p>In a montane rain forest a \uffc2\uffb02500 m in Venezuela we fertilized plots with N, with P, or N and P for 4.5 yr. We measured trunk growth in circumference in control plots and in those fertilized with N and P, and measured litterfall in all four treatments. There were five 12 x 12 m plots per treatment. N was applied at 225 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 and P at 75 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 for the first 2 yr, and subsequently N was applied at 150 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941 and P at 50 kg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr\uffe2\uff80\uff941. Rates of trunk growth in N and P fertilized plots were roughly doubled those in control plots (1.4 vs. 0.6 mm/yr). Total litterfall averaged 4.3 Mg\uffc2\uffb0ha\uffe2\uff80\uff941\uffc2\uffb0yr11 in the control plots. In the 4th yr after fertilization litterfall was significantly higher in plots fertilized with N + P (1.50 g\uffc2\uffb0m\uffe2\uff80\uff942\uffc2\uffb0d\uffe2\uff80\uff941) than in control plots (1.00 g\uffc2\uffb0m\uffe2\uff80\uff942\uffc2\uffb0d\uffe2\uff80\uff941). There were no significant differences in rates of litterfall between treatments during the first 3 yr after the first fertilization. The changes of rates of litterfall with time were significantly different between treatments. Litterfall in control plots fell by 9% per year, that in P\uffe2\uff80\uff94fertilized plots fell by 5% per year, and litterfall in N\uffe2\uff80\uff94 and in N + P\uffe2\uff80\uff94fertilized plots remained approximately constant. Nitrogen concentrations in litterfall were unaffected by fertilization with N or with P. Phosphorus concentrations were significantly increased by P fertilization. We conclude that N is more limiting that P in this forest.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1938722"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1938722", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1938722", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1938722"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1992-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1937812", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "The Effects Of Low-Level Consumption By Canopy Arthropods On The Growth And Nutrient Dynamics Of Black Locust And Red Maple Trees In The Southern Appalachians", "description": "<p>The effects of low\uffe2\uff80\uff94level consumption by canopy arthropods on foliage nutrient content, canopy leachates (throughfall), and biomass of 4\uffe2\uff80\uff94yr\uffe2\uff80\uff94old black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and red maple (Acer rubrum) were studied in the southern Appalachians of North Carolina. A carbaryl insecticide was used to reduce foliage consumption from \uffc2\uffb010 to \uffc2\uffb02% in black locust and from \uffc2\uffb04 to \uffc2\uffb01% in red maple. Phosphorus concentrations in untreated black locust foliage were significantly lower than those of insecticide\uffe2\uff80\uff94treated foliage early in summer, but equalled concentrations of treated foliage by late summer. Potassium concentrations in untreated red maple foliage were significantly reduced during late summer; calcium concentrations in untreated red maple foliage were significantly higher later in the summer. Potassium in throughfall from black locus trees (amount of K collected below the canopy minus bulk precipitation inputs) increases from 5.7 kg/ha for insecticide\uffe2\uff80\uff94protected trees to 9.8 kg/ha for unprotected trees (P &lt; .05). Potassium lossesw from unprotected red maple also increased. Black locust lost 0.3 kg/ha of sulfate\uffe2\uff80\uff94S from untreated trees, but adsorbed 0.4 kg/ha of sulfate\uffe2\uff80\uff94S in insecticide\uffe2\uff80\uff94treated trees (P &lt; .05). Total biomass production (net primary production per kilogram of preseason biomass) was unaffected by the low levels of herbivory observed here. Such nominal herbivory did not stimulate biomass and nutrient accretion by these tree species but did increase the cycling of K and perhaps other elements within these systems.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1937812"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1937812", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1937812", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1937812"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1983-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1936666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "description": "<p>A secondary succession sequence of 14 northern hardwoods stands was sampled for forest floor organic matter and nutrient content. During the first 15 yr following clear cutting, the forest floor decreased by 30.7 Mg/ha, a decline of over 50%. The decrease in the forest floor and slash (logging residue) may be greater than the increase in the living biomass. During the next 50 yr the forest floor increased by 28.0 Mg/ha and by year 64 was within 5% of an asymptote of 56.0 Mg/ha. Nutrients were analyzed in 6 of the 14 stands. Magnesium, potassium, and nitrogen concentrations showed no successional pattern. However, calcium concentrations were significantly higher in the stands in which forest floor mass was low. The initial decrease in forest floor mass is attributed to lower leaf and wood litter fall and to more rapid decay resulting from higher temperature, moisture content, and nutrient levels and to early successional litter being more easily decomposed. The recovery of the forest floor is explained primarily as resulting from the rapid increase in the quantity and diameter of wood litter fall. JABOWA, the northern hardwood forest growth simulator, predicts a maximum rate of increase in woody litter by years 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9420 with a leveling off by years 30\uffe2\uff80\uff9450. An apparent asynchrony in function of the forest floor and slash as nutrient sources may be important to the recovery process. During the first 15 yr the forest floor is a major source of nutrients, releasing a net amount of approximately 800 kg/ha of nitrogen. During this period nitrogen immobilization in the decay of slash may account for as much as one\uffe2\uff80\uff94half of the nitrogen released from the forest floor. After year 15 the forest floor is no longer a source but a sink for nutrients as nutrients and organic matter accumulate. By year 15 the slash probably shifts in function from a sink to a source, providing nitrogen for the continuing rapid nitrogen accumulation in vegetation beyond year 15.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "SD Forestry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "GE Environmental Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Covington, W. Wallace", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1936666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1936666", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1936666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1936666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1981-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=CA&offset=5950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=CA&offset=5950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=CA&offset=5900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=CA&offset=6000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 12728, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T09:33:16.220751Z"}