This study sought to quantify the influence of \uffe2\uff80\uff98carbon farming\uffe2\uff80\uff99 practices on soil carbon stocks, in comparison with conventional grazing and cropping, in northern New South Wales. The study had two components: assessment of impacts of organic amendments on soil carbon and biological indicators in croplands on Vertosols of the Liverpool Plains; and assessment of the impact of grazing management on soil carbon in Chromosols of the Northern Tablelands. The organic amendment sites identified for the survey had been treated with manures, composts, or microbial treatments, while the conventional management sites had received only chemical fertilisers. The rotational grazing sites had been managed so that grazing was restricted to short periods of several days, followed by long rest periods (generally several months) governed by pasture growth. These were compared with sites that were grazed continuously. No differences in total soil carbon stock, or soil carbon fractions, were observed between sites treated with organic amendments and those treated with chemical fertiliser. There was some evidence of increased soil carbon stock under rotational compared with continuous grazing, but the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stocks were not significantly different in either of the management contrasts, but tended to show higher values in organic treatments and rotational grazing. The enzymatic activities of \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase and leucine-aminopeptidase were significantly higher in rotational than continuous grazing but statistically similar for the cropping site treatments. Relative abundance and community structure, measured on a subset of the cropping sites, showed a higher bacteria\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89fungi ratio and provided evidence that microbial process rates were significantly higher in chemically fertilised sites than organic amendment sites, suggesting enhanced mineralisation of organic matter under conventional management. The higher enzyme activity and indication of greater efficiency of microbial populations on carbon farming sites suggests a greater potential to build soil carbon under these practices. Further research is required to investigate whether the indicative trends observed reflect real effects of management.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Land Capability and Soil Degradation", "550", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Land capability and soil productivity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr13043"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr13043", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr13043", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr13043"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-05", "title": "Soil Warming And Co2 Enrichment Induce Biomass Shifts In Alpine Tree Line Vegetation", "description": "AbstractResponses of alpine tree line ecosystems to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming are poorly understood. We used an experiment at the Swiss tree line to investigate changes in vegetation biomass after 9\uffc2\uffa0years of free air CO2 enrichment (+200\uffc2\uffa0ppm; 2001\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) and 6\uffc2\uffa0years of soil warming (+4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C; 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932012). The study contained two key tree line species, Larix decidua and Pinus uncinata, both approximately 40\uffc2\uffa0years old, growing in heath vegetation dominated by dwarf shrubs. In 2012, we harvested and measured biomass of all trees (including root systems), above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground understorey vegetation and fine roots. Overall, soil warming had clearer effects on plant biomass than CO2 enrichment, and there were no interactive effects between treatments. Total plant biomass increased in warmed plots containing Pinus but not in those with Larix. This response was driven by changes in tree mass (+50%), which contributed an average of 84% (5.7\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) of total plant mass. Pinus coarse root mass was especially enhanced by warming (+100%), yielding an increased root mass fraction. Elevated CO2 led to an increased relative growth rate of Larix stem basal area but no change in the final biomass of either tree species. Total understorey above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground mass was not altered by soil warming or elevated CO2. However, Vaccinium myrtillus mass increased with both treatments, graminoid mass declined with warming, and forb and nonvascular plant (moss and lichen) mass decreased with both treatments. Fine roots showed a substantial reduction under soil warming (\uffe2\uff88\uff9240% for all roots <2\uffc2\uffa0mm in diameter at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm soil depth) but no change with CO2 enrichment. Our findings suggest that enhanced overall productivity and shifts in biomass allocation will occur at the tree line, particularly with global warming. However, individual species and functional groups will respond differently to these environmental changes, with consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Models", " Statistical", "Temperature", "Larix", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Tundra", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-19", "title": "Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, And Forest Carbon In The Oregon Coast Range", "description": "AbstractForests provide important ecological, economic, and social services, and recent interest has emerged in the potential for using residue from timber harvest as a source of renewable woody bioenergy. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term consequences of such intensive harvest are unclear, particularly as forests face novel climatic conditions over the next century. We used a simulation model to project the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of management and climate change on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground forest carbon storage in a watershed in northwestern Oregon. The multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90ownership watershed has a diverse range of current management practices, including little\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90no harvesting on federal lands, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cutting on industrial land, and a mix of practices on private nonindustrial land. We simulated multiple management scenarios, varying the rate and intensity of harvest, combined with projections of climate change. Our simulations project a wide range of total ecosystem carbon storage with varying harvest rate, ranging from a 45% increase to a 16% decrease in carbon compared to current levels. Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy caused a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933% decrease in ecosystem carbon relative to conventional harvest practices. Soil carbon was relatively insensitive to harvest rotation and intensity, and accumulated slowly regardless of harvest regime. Climate change reduced carbon accumulation in soil and detrital pools due to increasing heterotrophic respiration, and had small but variable effects on aboveground live carbon and total ecosystem carbon. Overall, we conclude that current levels of ecosystem carbon storage are maintained in part due to substantial portions of the landscape (federal and some private lands) remaining unharvested or lightly managed.\uffc2\uffa0Increasing the intensity of harvest for bioenergy on currently harvested land, however,\uffc2\uffa0led to a relatively small reduction in the ability of forests to store carbon. Climate change is unlikely to substantially alter carbon storage in these forests, absent shifts in disturbance regimes.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon dioxide mitigation", "Forest ecology -- Oregon -- Oregon Coast Range", "Forest biomass", "13. Climate action", "Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)", "Biomass energy", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climatic change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-31", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Nutrient Application And Crop Rotation On Soil Organic Matter Quality Assessed By Nmr Spectroscopy", "description": "AbstractCrop and land management practices affect both the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) and hence are driving forces for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of tillage, fertilizer application and crop rotation onSOCin an agricultural area of southern Norway, where a soil fertility and crop rotation experiment was initiated in 1953 and a second experiment on tillage practices was initiated in 1983. The first experiment comprised 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr crop rotations with cereals only and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr cereal and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr grass rotations with recommended (base) and more than the recommended (above base) fertilizer application rates; the second experiment dealt with autumn\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed (conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till) plots and direct\uffe2\uff80\uff90drilled plots (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till). Soil samples at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depths were collected in autumn 2009 and analysed for their C and N contents. The quality ofSOMin the top layer was determined by13C solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90stateNMRspectroscopy. TheSOCstock did not differ significantly because of rotation or fertilizer application types, even after 56\uffc2\uffa0yr. However, the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed a significantly higherSOCstock than the conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm depth after the 26\uffc2\uffa0yr of experiment, but it was not significantly different at the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. In terms of quality,SOMwas found to differ by tillage type, rate of fertilizer application and crop rotation. The no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed an abundance of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C, while conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system indicated an apparently indirect enrichment in alkyl C, suggesting a more advanced stage ofSOMdecomposition. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term quantitative and qualitative effects onSOMsuggest that adopting a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system and including grass in crop rotation and farmyard manure in fertilizer application may contribute to preserve soil fertility and mitigate climate change.
", "keywords": ["Fertilizer application", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", " fertilizer application", " soil organic carbon (SOC)", " soil organic matter (SOM)", " tillage", " NMR spectroscopy.", "NMR spectroscopy", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10138/578894", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:21:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-31", "title": "Comparison between lower-cost and conventional eddy covariance setups for CO2 and evapotranspiration measurements above monocropping and agroforestry systems", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Physical sciences", "Evapotranspiration", "Lower-cost eddy covariance", "Carbon dioxide flux", "Agroforestry", "Gas analyzer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10138/578894"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10138/578894", "name": "item", "description": "10138/578894", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10138/578894"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-11", "title": "Atributos F\u00edsicos, Qu\u00edmicos E Biol\u00f3gicos De Solo De Cerrado Sob Diferentes Sistemas De Uso E Manejo", "description": "\uffc3\uff80 medida que o conhecimento do sistema plantio direto se amplia, verifica-se que o uso de indicadores qu\uffc3\uffadmicos isolados n\uffc3\uffa3o permite melhor caracteriza\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos solos, sendo necess\uffc3\uffa1rio utilizar um conjunto de indicadores da qualidade do solo com a entrada de outros atributos, entre eles os f\uffc3\uffadsicos e os biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de sistemas de manejo e uso do solo nos atributos f\uffc3\uffadsicos, qu\uffc3\uffadmicos e biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos de um Latossolo Vermelho distr\uffc3\uffb3fico e um Neossolo Quartzar\uffc3\uffaanico \uffc3\uffb3rtico sob Cerrado, no entorno do Parque Nacional das Emas. Os aspectos avaliados no Latossolo foram: Cerrado nativo, pastagem, milheto em preparo convencional, nabo forrageiro em plantio direto e sorgo em plantio direto. No Neossolo: Cerrado nativo, pastagem nativa, integra\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o agricultura-pecu\uffc3\uffa1ria, pastagem cultivada, plantio direto com soja no ver\uffc3\uffa3o e plantio direto com milho no ver\uffc3\uffa3o. As amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0 a 10 cm. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco parcelas de 150 m\uffc2\uffb2, sendo coletadas 10 subamostras aleat\uffc3\uffb3rias. As an\uffc3\uffa1lises qu\uffc3\uffadmicas, f\uffc3\uffadsicas e biol\uffc3\uffb3gicas foram realizadas no Laborat\uffc3\uffb3rio de Solos da UFG/CJ. Os manejos promoveram altera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es na densidade do solo, volume total de poros, macroporos e resist\uffc3\uffaancia do solo \uffc3\uffa0 penetra\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o no Neossolo e no Latossolo, excetuando-se neste o volume total de poros. Houve pequena varia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nos atributos qu\uffc3\uffadmicos nos dois solos, com o Cerrado apresentando maior acidez potencial e menor teor de c\uffc3\uffa1tions troc\uffc3\uffa1veis e P. Os atributos biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos do solo foram alterados pelos sistemas de manejo, sendo mais prejudicados em sistemas com maior revolvimento do solo. A an\uffc3\uffa1lise can\uffc3\uffb4nica dos dados demonstrou que os atributos f\uffc3\uffadsicos foram os de menor import\uffc3\uffa2ncia por apresentar maior coeficiente de pondera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nas vari\uffc3\uffa1veis can\uffc3\uffb4nicas. Os atributos do solo, isoladamente, pouco contribu\uffc3\uffadram para a avalia\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da qualidade do solo: no entanto, quando se usou a an\uffc3\uffa1lise multivariada, subsidiaram a constata\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos manejos do solo mais sustent\uffc3\uffa1veis.
", "keywords": ["C fra\u00e7\u00e3o leve", "multivariate analysis", "an\u00e1lise multivariada", "plantio direto", "light carbon fraction", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil quality", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832009000100016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10433/20153", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:21:47Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Atlas mundial de los principales factores que controlan el carbono del suelo en un contexto de cambio clim\u00e1tico.", "description": "El carbono (C) es un componente esencial de la matriz del suelo que juega una funci\u00f3n vital en m\u00faltiples servicios ecosist\u00e9micos, desde la regulaci\u00f3n clim\u00e1tica hasta proporcionar suelos f\u00e9rtiles que permitan la seguridad alimentaria. Sin embargo, el cambio clim\u00e1tico y la gesti\u00f3n inadecuada del manejo del suelo est\u00e1n provocando p\u00e9rdidas aceleradas del C almacenado en los suelos de los ecosistemas terrestres, con repercusiones importantes en el clima de la Tierra. A pesar de su importancia, en la actualidad tenemos un conocimiento escaso sobre los factores que controlan los distintos componentes que forman el C almacenado en el suelo y que est\u00e1n asociados con su persistencia en un contexto de cambio clim\u00e1tico (protecci\u00f3n mineral, diversidad de la materia org\u00e1nica [SOM], recalcitrancia bioqu\u00edmica y respiraci\u00f3n heter\u00f3trofa de los microbios del suelo). En esta tesis, se investigaron los principales factores que influyen en la acumulaci\u00f3n de C a nivel global, mediante la utilizaci\u00f3n de suelos provenientes de varios muestreos estandarizados en todos los biomas terrestres. En primer lugar, nuestros resultados mostraron una menor diversidad de la SOM como consecuencia de la acumulaci\u00f3n de restos vegetales despu\u00e9s de millones de a\u00f1os de formaci\u00f3n ecosist\u00e9mica. Las correlaciones positivas entre la diversidad de la SOM y contenido de C en el suelo sugieren que el desarrollo de suelos milenarios m\u00e1s simples podr\u00eda estar asociado con las p\u00e9rdidas t\u00edpicamente observadas de las funciones ecosist\u00e9micas (incluida la acumulaci\u00f3n de C en el suelo) durante la retrogresi\u00f3n. En este contexto, el desarrollo de las comunidades vegetales es determinado por las condiciones clim\u00e1ticas. Nuestro segundo cap\u00edtulo revel\u00f3 que, independientemente del contenido de nutrientes en la capa superficial del suelo, el reservorio de la biomasa vegetal es mayor cuando las condiciones de temperatura y precipitaci\u00f3n permiten el crecimiento de las plantas. Por otra parte, frente a los bien establecidos mecanismos de persistencia, el microbioma del suelo emergi\u00f3 como el principal factor que controla las p\u00e9rdidas de C a la atm\u00f3sfera en escenarios de calentamiento. De hecho, nuestro cuarto cap\u00edtulo tambi\u00e9n revel\u00f3 que incrementar el n\u00famero de factores de cambio global est\u00e1 relacionado negativamente con el almacenamiento y los factores de persistencia del C a nivel global. Por \u00faltimo, propusimos que nuevas herramientas basadas en un enfoque microbiano podr\u00edan mejorar la diversidad de la SOM en tierras degradadas, y, por consiguiente, incrementar las reservas mundiales de C en el menor tiempo posible. En conjunto, los resultados presentados en esta tesis aportan informaci\u00f3n valiosa para orientar nuestros esfuerzos hacia medidas de gesti\u00f3n concretas y efectivas destinadas a construir y preservar el C en los ecosistemas terrestres.", "keywords": ["Carbono", "Cambio clim\u00e1tico", "Microbiolog\u00eda"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S\u00e1ez Sandino, Tadeo", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10433/20153"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10433/20153", "name": "item", "description": "10433/20153", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10433/20153"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.pb271", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:19:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Interactions among roots, mycorrhizae and free-living microbial communities differentially impact soil carbon processes", "description": "unspecifiedPlant roots, their associated microbial community and free-living soil microbes interact to regulate the movement of carbon from the soil to the atmosphere, one of the most important and least understood fluxes of terrestrial carbon. Our inadequate understanding of how plant\u2013microbial interactions alter soil carbon decomposition may lead to poor model predictions of terrestrial carbon feedbacks to the atmosphere. Roots, mycorrhizal fungi and free-living soil microbes can alter soil carbon decomposition through exudation of carbon into soil. Exudates of simple carbon compounds can increase microbial activity because microbes are typically carbon limited. When both roots and mycorrhizal fungi are present in the soil, they may additively increase carbon decomposition. However, when mycorrhizas are isolated from roots, they may limit soil carbon decomposition by competing with free-living decomposers for resources. We manipulated the access of roots and mycorrhizal fungi to soil in situ in a temperate mixed deciduous forest. We added 13C-labelled substrate to trace metabolized carbon in respiration and measured carbon-degrading microbial extracellular enzyme activity and soil carbon pools. We used our data in a mechanistic soil carbon decomposition model to simulate and compare the effects of root and mycorrhizal fungal presence on soil carbon dynamics over longer time periods. Contrary to what we predicted, root and mycorrhizal biomass did not interact to additively increase microbial activity and soil carbon degradation. The metabolism of 13C-labelled starch was highest when root biomass was high and mycorrhizal biomass was low. These results suggest that mycorrhizas may negatively interact with the free-living microbial community to influence soil carbon dynamics, a hypothesis supported by our enzyme results. Our steady-state model simulations suggested that root presence increased mineral-associated and particulate organic carbon pools, while mycorrhizal fungal presence had a greater influence on particulate than mineral-associated organic carbon pools. Synthesis. Our results suggest that the activity of enzymes involved in organic matter decomposition was contingent upon root\u2013mycorrhizal\u2013microbial interactions. Using our experimental data in a decomposition simulation model, we show that root\u2013mycorrhizal\u2013microbial interactions may have longer-term legacy effects on soil carbon sequestration. Overall, our study suggests that roots stimulate microbial activity in the short term, but contribute to soil carbon storage over longer periods of time.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "roots", "13. Climate action", "simulation model", "carbon dynamics", "Rhizosphere", "stable isotope", "plant-soil (belowground) interactions", "15. Life on land", "extra-cellular enzyme activity", "mycorrhizae"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Moore, Jessica A. M., Jiang, Jiang, Patterson, Courtney M., Wang, Gangsheng, Mayes, Melanie A., Classen, Aim\u00e9e T.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pb271"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.pb271", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.pb271", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.pb271"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13374006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:04Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Microbial biomass and water-extractable carbon on Mt. Kilimanjaro", "description": "This dataset presents the value of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and water-extractable carbon (WOC) at study plots under KiLi project. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and water-extractable organic carbon (WOC) \u2013 as sensitive and important parameters for soil fertility and C turnover \u2013 are strongly affected by land-use changes all over the world. These effects are particularly distinct upon conversion of natural to agricultural ecosystems due to very fast carbon (C) and nutrient cycles and high vulnerability, especially in the tropics. The objective of this study was to use the unique advantage of Mt. Kilimanjaro \u2013 altitudinal gradient leading to different tropical ecosystems but developed all on the same soil parent material \u2013 to investigate the effects of land-use change and elevation on MBC and WOC contents during a transition phase from dry to wet season. Down to a soil depth of 50\u00a0cm, we compared MBC and WOC contents of 2 natural (Ocotea\u00a0and\u00a0Podocarpus forest), 3 seminatural (lower montane forest, grassland, savannah), 1 sustainably used (homegarden) and 2 intensively used (maize field, coffee plantation) ecosystems on an elevation gradient from 950 to 2850\u00a0m a.s.l. The KiLi project (2010-2018) is a German Science Foundation (DFG) funded research unit (DFG research unit FOR1246) that focuses on biodiversity and ecosystem processes along altitudinal and disturbance gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania, Africa), capitalizing on its world-wide unique range of climatic and vegetation zones. The research unit comprises 2 central projects and 7 subprojects from various disciplines. On a total of 60 study sites in both natural and human-disturbed ecosystems biodiversity (e.g. plants, soil arthropods, ants, bees, frogs, lizards, bats, birds), related ecosystem processes (decomposition, seed dispersal, pollination, herbivory, predation), and biogeochemical processes and properties of ecosystems (climate, soil properties and nutrient status, regulation of water and carbon fluxes, trace gas emissions, primary productivity, functional diversity) are analyzed.", "keywords": ["land-use change", "microbial carbon dynamics", "tropical ecosystem", "andosol", "elevation gradient", "water-extractable carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13374006"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13374006", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13374006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13374006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14252610", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:15Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Turfgrass pedogenesis under low maintenance: an experimental analysis with Festuca rubra subspecies at different fertilization levels", "description": "unspecifiedThatchMatThickeness.csv (Frc = Festuca rubra commutata, Frt = Festuca rubra trichophylla, Frr = Festuca rubra rubra) spec = subspecies var = variety rep = replicate number Nfert = N fertilization (kg N ha-1) thatch1 = thatch thickness at 18-5-2018 (cm) thatch2 = thatch thickness at 26-10-2018 (cm) thatch3 = thatch thickness at 17-5-2019 (cm) thatch4 =\u00a0 thatch thickness at 29-10-2019 (cm) thatch5 = thatch thickness at 10-6-2020 (cm) thatch6 = thatch tcicknesss at 16-6-2021 (cm) mat1 = mat thickness at 18-5-2018 (cm) mat2 = mat thickness at 26-10-2018 (cm) mat3 = mat thickness at 17-5-2019 (cm) mat4 =\u00a0 mat thickness at 29-10-2019 (cm) mat5 = mat thickness at 10-6-2020 (cm) mat6 = mat tcicknesss at 16-6-2021 (cm)", "keywords": ["Festuca rubra", "festuca rubra", "fertilization", "carbon", "soil layers", "pedogenesis", "turfgrass", "microbes", "Turfgrass", "nitrogen", "Carbon", "organic matter"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Evers, Maurice, De Caluwe, Hannie, Visser, Eric J.W., De Kroon, Hans,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14252610"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14252610", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14252610", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14252610"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) Zenodo Repository", "description": "Overview Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) is a collection of 31 datasets from a field- and farm-scale soil mapping context. These datasets are 'ready-to-use' for modeling purposes, as they include target soil properties and features in a tidy tabular format. Three target soil properties are present in every dataset: (1) soil organic matter (SOM) or soil organic carbon (SOC), (2) pH, and (3) clay content, while the features for modeling are dataset-specific. The primary goal of `LimeSoDa` is to enable more reliable benchmarking of machine learning methods in digital soil mapping and pedometrics. All the associated materials and data from LimeSoDa can be downloaded in this data repository. However, for a more in-depth analysis, we refer to the published paper 'LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping' by Schmidinger et al. (2025). You may also use our R\u00a0and Python package likewise called LimeSoDa. \u00a0 Citation Upon usage of datasets from LimeSoDa, please cite our associated paper: Schmidinger, J., Vogel, S., Barkov, V., Pham, A.-D., Gebbers, R., Tavakoli, H., Correa, J., Tavares, T.R., Filippi, P., Jones, E. J., Lukas, V., Boenecke, E., Ruehlmann, J., Schroeter, I., Kramer, E., Paetzold, S., Kodaira, M., Wadoux, A.M.J.-C., Bragazza, L., Metzger, K., Huang, J., Valente, D.S.M., Safanelli, J.L., Bottega, E.L., Dalmolin, R.S.D., Farkas, C., Steiger, A., Horst, T. Z., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Scholten, T., Stumpf, F., Rosso, P., Costa, M.M., Zandonadi, R.S., Wetterlind, J. & Atzmueller, M. (2025). LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Soil Organic Carbon", "Pedometrics", "pH", "Soil Organic Matter", "Clay", "Remote sensing", "Digital Soil Mapping"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:25Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "HWSD2_Climate_and_Socioeconomic_agriculturalsoil_dataset_mainland_portugal", "description": "The study uses the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD v2.0) developed by FAO and IIASA for biophysical models and agroecological queries. This database consolidates information from various sources, including the European Soil Database, the 1:1 million soil map of China, and national soil maps from Afghanistan, Ghana, and T\u00fcrkiye. It has a spatial resolution of around 1 km and is revised in 2013 and 2023. HWSD v2.0 includes detailed information on soil mapping units, general soil unit information, and specific physical and chemical soil unit characteristics across seven depth layers. The database fields cover a wide range of attributes, such as soil texture, bulk density, organic carbon content, pH, and cation exchange capacity. The harmonization process ensures that data from different sources is standardized and integrated, providing a consistent and reliable dataset for various applications. However, the HWSD v2.0 has some limitations, such as combining soil inventories gathered at different times, scales, and precision, which may affect its reliability for national studies. It is recommended to use national-level harmonized soil databases for more accurate results in specific regions. For Portugal's mainland, the data presented in the HWSD v2.0 dataset is sourced from the European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC), which contains various metrics of chemical and physical soil properties. Out of the 2882 Portuguese parishes, only 22 are left out, representing 0.76% percent of the total number of parishes. The study uses several datasets to analyze land use and occupation in Portugal. The Land Use and Occupation Map (COS2007v3.0) is a detailed thematic map of land use and occupation for mainland Portugal, developed by the Directorate-General for Territory (DGT). The data is organized hierarchically and includes 83 classes of land use and occupation. The CHELSA database, maintained by the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), provides bioclimatic indexes for precipitation and average temperature over various temporal intervals and variables. The National Institute of Statistics (INE) provides data on agricultural machinery distribution across different geographical locations. The dataset covers the total number of agricultural machines, as well as specific categories such as wheeled and tracked tractors, motor cultivators, power hoes, motor mowers, and combine harvesters. The dataset also examines the distribution of farms with access to irrigation based on geographical location. The burned land data from 1975 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of fire occurrences and their impact over time. This data is crucial for understanding long-term patterns, assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention measures, and informing future land management and policy decisions. Lastly, the population density dataset from the 2021 Census and the 2011 Census provides a decennial comparison of total population density across different geographical regions. These data are essential for understanding the evolution of land use and occupation in Portugal and their implications for environmental and agricultural consequences.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Total organic carbon", "Land use", "Soil use", "Atmospheric precipitation", "Soil type", "Organic carbon", "Land surface temperature"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Almeida Santos, R. G. F.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15328215", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:28Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "1000 Soils Pilot Dataset, version 8, May 2025", "description": "This record hosts data generated by the 1000 Soils Pilot. Data will be updated as more become available. Please see the most recent data upload for current data. A beta visualization tool is available for some data types at\u00a0https://shinyproxy.emsl.pnnl.gov/app/1000soils. Please submit any suggestions or comments through the 'contact' tab. We are actively working to improve visualizations and value all feedback. Data completed include: Geochemistry, texture, respiration, and enzyme activities FTICR-MS organic matter chemistry Microbial biomass C and N TOC/TDN of water-extractable OM X-ray computed tomography (derived metrics available here, raw data available upon request) Metagenomes; a variety of data formats are available upon request Soil hydraulic properties Data in progress: LC-MS/MS in development, timeline TBD, inquire for status 1000S_processed_BGC_summary.csv contains all available biogeochemical data; microbial biomass C and N; and TOC/TDN of water-extractable OM; and\u00a0 1000S_Tomography.xslx contains a summary of data generated via X-ray computed tomography. icr_v2_corems2.csv contains FTICR-MS data processed by CoreMS version 2. These data are merged by formula across instrument runs to enable cross-sample comparisons. Technical replicates are merged by retaining peaks present in 2 out of 3 replicates. 1000Soils_Metadata_Site_Mastersheet_v1.csv contains site information. Soil Hydraulics_corrected_02042025.xlsx contains soil hydraulics information. Readme File_v4.xlsx is the readme file. Please contact the MONet project (monet.emsl@pnnl.gov) or Emily Graham (emily.graham@pnnl.gov) with questions. The following file and all raw data are\u00a0available upon request: icr_by_mass_for_single_sample_analysis_only.csv\u00a0contains FTICR-MS data processed by CoreMS and is intended for usage in the calculation of biochemical transformations within samples only. These data are not acceptable for cross-sample comparison of masses because they are from multiple instrument runs. For more information, please see: https://www.emsl.pnnl.gov/monet and https://sc-data.emsl.pnnl.gov/monet Acknowledgment:\u00a0 Soil data were provided by the Molecular Observation Network (MONet) at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (https://ror.org/04rc0xn13), a DOE Office of Science user facility sponsored by the Biological and Environmental Research program under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. The work (proposal: 10.46936/10.25585/60008970) conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute (https://ror.org/04xm1d337), a DOE Office of Science user facility, is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.\u00a0 The Molecular Observation Network (MONet) database is an open, FAIR, and publicly available compilation of the molecular and microstructural properties of soil. Data in the MONet open science database can be found at\u00a0https://sc-data.emsl.pnnl.gov/.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "13. Climate action", "FTICR-MS", "biogeochemistry", "carbon", "molecular", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15328215"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15328215", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15328215", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15328215"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4287780", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Forest carbon prospecting for climate change mitigation: Version 1.0", "description": "This data package includes the two 1-km resolution global maps (.tif) of tropical forests between ~23.44\u00b0N and 23.44\u00b0S produced from the study: 1) investible forest carbon (in tCO2e ha-1y-1) and 2) forest carbon return-on-investment (Net Present Value in USD ha-1y-1) over a 30-year timeframe. It also includes the R script to reproduce these layers and their uncertainties. Investible Forest Carbon: The investible forest carbon map was produced based on the total volume of CO2e associated with the three main carbon pools in the tropics, namely aboveground carbon, belowground carbon and soil organic carbon. This is followed by the application of key Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) criteria including additionality, to determine the magnitude and areas of investible forest carbon across the tropics. Aboveground carbon. A stoichiometric factor of 0.475 was applied to recent spatial data on aboveground carbon biomass to obtain carbon stock based on established carbon accounting methodologies. An uncertainty analyses was also performed to account for potential variability in stoichiometric factor. Subsequently, a conversion factor of 3.67 was applied to the carbon stock layer to obtain the volume of CO2e associated with this carbon pool. Belowground carbon. Belowground carbon biomass was firstly derived by applying two allometric equations relating to root to shoot biomass to the most recent spatial dataset on aboveground carbon biomass following established carbon accounting methodologies. The two equations are: Belowground biomass = 0.489\u00d7aboveground biomass^0.89; and Belowground biomass = 0.26\u00d7aboveground biomass A stoichiometric factor of 0.475 was subsequently applied to the estimated belowground carbon biomass to obtain the carbon stock. An uncertainty analyses was then performed to determine the mean, minimum and maximum values for belowground carbon. Following that, a conversion factor of 3.67 was applied to the carbon stock layer to obtain the volume of CO2e associated with this carbon pool. Soil Organic Carbon. Organic carbon density of the topsoil layer (0-30 cm) was obtained from the European Soil Data Centre as it represented the best data available for soil organic carbon. A conversion factor of 3.67 was subsequently applied to derive the volume of CO2e associated with this carbon pool. Applying VCS criteria. The criterion of additionality is a pre-condition for carbon credits to be certified under the VCS. This implies that only the volume of forest carbon that are under imminent threat of decline or loss if left unprotected by a conservation intervention can be certified under the VCS. The volume of forest carbon under threat of loss was based on the best available data on predicted deforestation rates across the tropics (through to the year 2029), and annualized over predicted 15-year period. The estimated annual deforestation rates was then applied to the total volume of CO2e associated with tropical forests as estimated above, deriving the volume of CO2e that would be certifiable and thus investible under the VCS. In addition, a conservative 10-year decay estimate was assumed for the estimate of the belowground carbon pool, and lands that will likely not be certifiable for other reasons, including recently deforested areas (i.e. for the period of 2010-2017), a well as human settlements, were excluded. Lastly, the VCS requirement to set aside buffer credits of 20% was accounted for to consider the risk of non-permanence associated with Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) projects. Return-on-Investment. From the investible forest carbon map, the relative profitability of these areas was then modelled to produce a global forest carbon return-on-investment map based on their NPV. The NPV of returns were based on several simplifying assumptions following established values from previous studies. Cost of project establishment. The cost of project establishment was estimated to be at $25 ha-1. This was based on a range of costs that are key to the development of a project, including but not limited to project design, governance and planning, enforcement, zonation, land tenure and acquisition, surveying and research. Cost for annual maintenance. The cost for annual maintenance was estimated to be $10 ha-1, which included aspects such as in education and communication, monitoring, sustainable livelihoods, marketing, finance and administration. Carbon price. A constant carbon price of $5.8 t-1CO\u00ad2e for the first five years was applied. This price was based on an average price of carbon for avoided deforestation projects reported recently by Forest Trends\u2019 Ecosystem Marketplace (i.e. for the period 2006 \u2013 2018). Subsequently, a 5% price appreciation was applied annually over a project timeframe of 30 years. Discount rate. We calculated NPV of annual and accumulated profits over 30 years based on a 10% risk-adjusted discount rate. Further details for these datasets and their uncertainties are presented in Koh et. al. For questions or issues on the spatial data layers, please contact Yiwen Zeng (zengyiwen@nus.edu.sg).", "keywords": ["Carbon stocks", "Climate change mitigation", "13. Climate action", "Carbon finance", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Koh, Lian Pin, Zeng, Yiwen, Sarira, Tasya Vadya, Siman, Kelly,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4287780"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4287780", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4287780", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4287780"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Eddy Covariance data from ICOS-associated station IT-NIV \u2013 August-November 2019", "description": "RestrictedData stored here refer to Eddy Covariance (EC) data measured in 2019 between August and November at the Alpine CZO (Critical Zone Observatory, hereafter CZO@Nivolet) which was established at the Nivolet Plain (Piani del Nivolet) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (GPNP), located in the western Italian Alps. The EC site (IT-NIV) is an ICOS-associated station. CZO@Nivolet is aimed at investigating the cross-scale interactions between climatic shifts and ecosystem functions multiple scales, involving multidisciplinary studies. The main research questions that we aim to answer are concerning: (a) the effect of bedrock lithology, soil physics and chemisty, topographic hetereogenity, biotic components and meteo-climatic parameters in modulating CO2 flux in alpine grassland; and (b) what are the controlling factors of organic C and weathering under geologic substrates and different topographic positions. The investigations started in 2017. In 2019, the EC tower was added to deeply study CO2, H20, latent and sensible heat exchanges between soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide fluxes and environmental variables are recorded during the snow-free season to estimate carbon storage and explore CO2 fluxes drivers in high-altitude grasslands. Further developments will regard the integration of different techniques (Eddy Covariance, Remote Sensing, Flux chambers) to improve both spatial and temporal extent of carbon fluxes estimates to finally assess grasslands' productivity.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "alpine grassland", "15. Life on land", "Gran Paradiso National Park", "Mountain", "EO_Data", "Eddy Covariance", "Net Ecosystem Exchange", "ecosystem-atmosphere carbon exchange"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vivaldo, Gianna, Raco, Brunella, Baneschi, Ilaria, Giamberini, Maria Silvia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4487144"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4487144", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4487144"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7656722", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:20:58Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data for: The effect of land-use change on soil C, N, P, and their stoichiometries: A global synthesis", "description": "Open AccessData description This dataset includes detailed information about five different types of land use change reported in \u201cThe effect of land-use change on soil C, N, P, and their stoichiometries: A global synthesis (Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108402)\u201d. Lists of five different types of land use change 1) conversion of primary forest to cropland 2) conversion of primary forest to grassland 3) conversion of cropland to forest 4) conversion of grassland to forest 5) conversion of grassland to cropland Lists of detailed information Land use change (pre-LUC, post-LUC) Country, Location, Geographic position (Longitude, Latitude) Altitude (m) Climate zone Weather [rainfall (mm yr-1) and temperature (\u00b0C)] Reported time of change (years) Vegetation type (pre-LUC, post-LUC) Fertilizer (pre-LUC, post-LUC: type, application; change) Soil sampling depth (cm) Soil type [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil pH, bulk density, CEC [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil organic carbon [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil total nitrogen [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil total phosphorus [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil C:N [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil C:P [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Soil N:P [units, pre-LUC, post-LUC, change rate (%)] Reference Data collection method We analyzed five different types of LUC: 1) conversion of primary forest to cropland, 2) conversion of primary forest to grassland, 3) conversion of cropland to forest, 4) conversion of grassland to forest, and 5) conversion of grassland to cropland. We classified primary forest as forest that had not previously been cleared and used for other land uses. The conversion of cropland or grassland to forest includes naturally generated and intentionally planted forest. Cropland is land used for growing agricultural crops and may include short pasture phases, and grassland is land used continuously for grazing purposes, but may include occasional and repeated pasture-renewal phases. While we tried to make categorical distinctions between these land-use types, land uses are often more fluid in practice, which may not always have been stated in the publications underlying our data compilation. When a paper reported both contents and stocks, we used the stock-based measure. We used reported stocks if the original work had already been corrected to equivalent soil mass (Ellert and Bettany, 1995) or if corrected stocks had been reported in previous reviews or meta-analyses (Don et al., 2011; Poeplau et al., 2011; Guo and Gifford, 2002). Where bulk-density correction had not been applied, we tried to make those corrections to estimate changes to equivalent soil mass if studies provided sufficient information on soil bulk density and depth, using the method of Zhang et al. (2004). If that was not possible, we used the reported SOC, TN, or TP contents. Acknowledgements We thank scientists who measured, analyzed, and published the data compiled for this study. We are especially grateful to Drs. Axel Don, Christopher Poeplau, Lex Bouwman, and Gaihe Yang, who provided their global meta-data through personal communication. D.-G.K. acknowledges support from the IAEA CRP D15020. M.U.F.K and L.L.L. were supported by the Strategic Science Investment Fund (SSIF) of New Zealand\u2019s Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "land-use change", " greenhouse gas emissions", " soil", " carbon", " nitrogen", " phosphorus", " stoichiometry", " time", " temperature", " rainfall", " forest type", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7656722"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7656722", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7656722", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7656722"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8320433", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:21:04Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Carbon storage and carbon-equivalent albedo impact for US forests, by age and forest type", "description": "These tables document estimates of carbon storage (Mg/ha +/- Standard Error) and carbon-equivalent albedo impacts (same units) of US forests by age and forest type (Healey et al., in review). Carbon estimates are derived from field measurements made by the USDA Forest Service on approximately 125,000 forested field plots (Domke et al., 2022). Soil organic carbon is omitted from these estimates, but all other above- and below-ground pools are included. Albedo impacts (time-dependent emissions equivalent, TDEE; Bright et al., 2016) were developed by applying atmospheric kernels (Bright and O'Halloran) to a new Landsat blue sky albedo product for the Landsat archive (Erb et al., 2022), as described by Healey et al. (in review). Standard error is supplied for each age/forest type bin for carbon storage, but upper and lower standard error bounds are specified for TDEE because log transformation creates an asymmetrical uncertainty envelope. Bright, Bogren, Bernier, Astrup, (2016). Carbon-equivalent metrics for albedo changes in land management contexts: Relevance of the time dimension. Ecol. Appl. 26, 1868\u20131880 Bright, R. M., & O'Halloran, T. L. (2019). Developing a monthly radiative kernel for surface albedo change from satellite climatologies of Earth's shortwave radiation budget: CACK v1. 0. Geoscientific Model Development, 12(9), 3975-3990. Domke, Walters, Nowak, Greenfield, Smith, Nichols, Ogle, Coulston, Wirth (2022). Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals From Forest Land, Woodlands, Urban Trees, and Harvested Wood Products in the United States, 1990\u20132020. (US Dept. Ag. For. Service, Madison, WI; https://doi.org/10.2737/FS-RU-382). Erb, Li, Sun, Paynter, Wang, & Schaaf, (2022). Evaluation of the Landsat-8 Albedo Product across the Circumpolar Domain. Remote Sensing, 14(21), 5320. Healey, Yang, Erb, Bright, Domke, Frescino, Schaaf, (in review) New satellite observations expose albedo dynamics offsetting half of carbon storage benefits in US forests.", "keywords": ["climate change", "forest carbon", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "Landsat", "albedo"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Healey, Sean, Yang, Zhiqiang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8320433"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8320433", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8320433", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8320433"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:21:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-02-28", "title": "GMCSD-2. Global Mangrove Carbon, 2000 to 2012, 1 Arc-second, 1 m soil.", "description": "Open AccessGlobal Mangrove Carbon, 2000 to 2012, 1 Arc-Second, 1 m Soil, mid, EQ5.Annual stocks.
Each of these 13 years is 3TB when extracted. So that is 39 TB as a tif.
We needed to use file geodatabase format to compress enough to post on the Dataverse. Hence no TIffs.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Raster", "ArcGIS file Geodatabase rasters", "Global Mangrove Carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hamilton, Stuart", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11369/372709", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:21:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-07", "title": "Soil resources and element stocks in drylands to face global issues", "description": "Abstract
Drylands (hyperarid, arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid ecosystems) cover almost half of Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s land surface and are highly vulnerable to environmental pressures. Here we provide an inventory of soil properties including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stocks within the current boundaries of drylands, aimed at serving as a benchmark in the face of future challenges including increased population, food security, desertification, and climate change. Aridity limits plant production and results in poorly developed soils, with coarse texture, low C:N and C:P, scarce organic matter, and high vulnerability to erosion. Dryland soils store 646 Pg of organic C to 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89m, the equivalent of 32% of the global soil organic C pool. The magnitude of the historic loss of C from dryland soils due to human land use and cover change and their typically low C:N and C:P suggest high potential to build up soil organic matter, but coarse soil textures may limit protection and stabilization processes. Restoring, preserving, and increasing soil organic matter in drylands may help slow down rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide by sequestering C, and is strongly needed to enhance food security and reduce the risk of land degradation and desertification.Climate and land use models predict that tropical deforestation and conversion to cropland will produce a large flux of soil carbon (C) to the atmosphere from accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the C flux from the deep tropical soils on which most intensive crop agriculture is now expanding remains poorly constrained. To quantify the effect of intensive agriculture on tropical soil C, we compared C stocks, radiocarbon, and stable C isotopes to 2\uffc2\uffa0m depth from forests and soybean cropland created from former pasture in Mato Grosso, Brazil. We hypothesized that soil disturbance, higher soil temperatures (+2\uffc2\uffb0C), and lower OM inputs from soybeans would increase soil C turnover and deplete C stocks relative to nearby forest soils. However, we found reduced C concentrations and stocks only in surface soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm) of soybean cropland compared with forests, and these differences could be explained by soil mixing during plowing. The amount and \uffce\uff9414C of respired CO2 to 50\uffc2\uffa0cm depth were significantly lower from soybean soils, yet CO2 production at 2\uffc2\uffa0m deep was low in both forest and soybean soils. Mean surface soil \uffce\uffb413C decreased by 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 between 2009 and 2013 in soybean cropland, suggesting low OM inputs from soybeans. Together these findings suggest the following: (1) soil C is relatively resistant to changes in land use and (2) conversion to cropland caused a small, measurable reduction in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling C pool through reduced OM inputs, mobilization of older C from soil mixing, and/or destabilization of SOM in surface soils.
", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "2. Zero hunger", "Life on Land", "land use", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Geophysics", "Tropical forest", "Isotopes", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon", "Brazil", "isotopes", "Research Articles", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4jm295dz/qt4jm295dz.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2017JG004269", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2017JG004269", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2017JG004269"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2017gb005693", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:14:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-02", "title": "Release of Black Carbon From Thawing Permafrost Estimated by Sequestration Fluxes in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Recipient", "description": "AbstractBlack carbon (BC) plays an important role in carbon burial in marine sediments globally. Yet the sequestration of BC in the Arctic Ocean is poorly understood. Here we assess the concentrations, fluxes, and sources of soot BC (SBC)\uffe2\uff80\uff94the most refractory component of BC\uffe2\uff80\uff94in sediments from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), the World's largest shelf sea system. SBC concentrations in the contemporary shelf sediments range from 0.1 to 2.1\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0dw, corresponding to 2\uffe2\uff80\uff9312% of total organic carbon. The 210Pb\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived fluxes of SBC (0.42\uffe2\uff80\uff9311\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) are higher or in the same range as fluxes reported for marine surface sediments closer to anthropogenic emissions. The total burial flux of SBC in the ESAS (~4,000\uffc2\uffa0Gg\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) illustrates the great importance of this Arctic shelf in marine sequestration of SBC. The radiocarbon signal of the SBC shows more depleted yet also more uniform signatures (\uffe2\uff88\uff92721 to \uffe2\uff88\uff92896\uffe2\uff80\uffb0; average of \uffe2\uff88\uff92774\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa062\uffe2\uff80\uffb0) than of the non\uffe2\uff80\uff90SBC pool (\uffe2\uff88\uff92304 to \uffe2\uff88\uff92728\uffe2\uff80\uffb0; average of \uffe2\uff88\uff92491\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa0163\uffe2\uff80\uffb0), suggesting that SBC is coming from an, on average, 5,900\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa0300\uffc2\uffa0years older and more specific source than the non\uffe2\uff80\uff90SBC pool. We estimate that the atmospheric BC input to the ESAS is negligible (~0.6% of the SBC burial flux). Statistical source apportionment modeling suggests that the ESAS sedimentary SBC is remobilized by thawing of two permafrost carbon (PF/C) systems: surface soil permafrost (topsoil/PF; 25\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa08%) and Pleistocene ice complex deposits (ICD/PF; 75\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa08%). The SBC contribution to the total mobilized permafrost carbon (PF/C) increases with increasing distance from the coast (from 5 to 14%), indicating that the SBC is more recalcitrant than other forms of translocated PF/C. These results elucidate for the first time the key role of permafrost thaw in the transport of SBC to the Arctic Ocean. With ongoing global warming, these findings have implications for the biogeochemical carbon cycle, increasing the size of this refractory carbon pool in the Arctic Ocean.Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was ~1.6% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.Climate change in the western United States has increased the frequency of extreme fire weather events and is projected to increase the area burned by wildfire in the coming decades. This changing fire regime, coupled with increased high\uffe2\uff80\uff90severity fire risk from a legacy of fire exclusion, could destabilize forest carbon (C), decrease net ecosystem exchange (NEE), and consequently reduce the ability of forests to regulate climate through C sequestration. While management options for minimizing the risk of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90severity fire exist, little is known about the longer\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon consequences of these actions in the context of continued extreme fire weather events. Our goal was to compare the impacts of extreme wildfire events on carbon stocks and fluxes in a watershed in the Sierra National Forest. We ran simulations to model wildfire under contemporary and extreme fire weather conditions, and test how three management scenarios (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90management, thin\uffe2\uff80\uff90only, thin and maintenance burning) influence fire severity, forest C stocks and fluxes, and wildfire C emissions. We found that the effects of treatment on wildfire under contemporary fire weather were minimal, and management conferred neither significant reduction in fire severity nor increases in C stocks. However, under extreme fire weather, the thin and maintenance burning scenario decreased mean fire severity by 25%, showed significantly greater C stability, and unlike the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90management and thin\uffe2\uff80\uff90only management options, the thin and maintenance burning scenario showed no decrease in NEE relative to the contemporary fire weather scenarios. Further, under extreme fire weather conditions, wildfire C emissions were lowest in the thin and maintenance burning scenario, (reduction of 13.7\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha over the simulation period) even when taking into account the C costs associated with prescribed burning. Including prescribed burning in thinning operations may be critical to maintaining C\uffc2\uffa0stocks and reducing C emissions in the future where extreme fire weather events are more frequent.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "13. Climate action", "Forest management -- Environmental aspects", "Wildfires -- West (U.S.) -- Effect of climatic changes on", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/esm_fac/article/1188/viewcontent/Krofcheck_et_al_2017_Ecosphere__1_.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1663"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1663", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1663", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1663"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:14:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-13", "title": "Plant-Soil Interactions And Acclimation To Temperature Of Microbial-Mediated Soil Respiration May Affect Predictions Of Soil Co2 Efflux", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Life Sciences", " general", "Carbon cycle modeling", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecosystem ecology", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biogeosciences", "Ecosystems", "6. Clean water", "general", "13. Climate action", "Earth Sciences", "Environmental Chemistry", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Earth-Surface Processes", "Water Science and Technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt74h8k7gh/qt74h8k7gh.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-05", "title": "The Effect Of Clear Cutting On Podzolisation And Soil Carbon Dynamics In Boreal Forests (Middle Taiga Zone, Russia)", "description": "Abstract Boreal forests are one of the most important terrestrial carbon sink, and a large portion of C is allocated in soil for long-term storage. However forest harvesting may quickly affect soil carbon stocks and dynamics, especially where organic substances drive the soil-forming processes, such as in Podzols. To evaluate the effects of clear cutting on carbon dynamics and podzolisation process over a short time period, a pristine boreal forest (Komi Republic, Russian Federation) and a recently clear cut site (5\u00a0year-old) were selected. Soils are polygenic: podzolisation occurs within the clay-depleted eluvial horizon, formed by a previous lessivage process. Because podzolisation can start only after the eluvial horizon has reached a sort of threshold, bisequal soils allow to individuate comparable pedogenic conditions prior to anthropogenic disturbances. After harvesting, C storage tended to increase in the upper part of the soil profile (organic layer and podzolic sequum) from 2.2 to 5.0\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02. The abundance of woody materials on the forest floor together with an increase in soil water saturation, discernible by the vegetation survey and iron fractionation, prevented litter degradation and allowed organic matter accumulation at the soil surface. Fulvic acids (FA) in the organic layer of the pristine site showed a low incorporation of polysaccharide and proteinaceous moieties, confirming a higher degradation of the humified fraction than at the clear cut site. The lack of disturbances allowed a selection of FA with the more oxidised and mobile fractions accumulating in the deeper horizons, as currently observed in Podzols. Almost no differences were instead found in the chemical composition of FA along the profile from the clear cut site. A larger portion of FA showed the tendency to migrate through the profile after clear cutting even below the Bhs horizon (C-fulvic acid/C-humic acid >\u00a01) with a marked increase in the FA-carbon stocks with respect to the pristine forest soil (0.66 and 0.30\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 down to 30\u00a0cm, respectively). Clear cutting also affected Al and Fe dynamics. The reducing conditions acted upon soil mineral surfaces and enhanced Fe mobilisation probably both in the ionic form and complexed with organic matter. The Al dynamics was instead more related to short term transformations of the layer silicate phases. Traces of a poorly crystalline chlorite were detectable in the Bhs in the pristine forest, but at the clear site only hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite was present. The high amounts of organic acids that migrated through the Bhs after clear cutting may have partially complexed the Al from pedogenic chlorite, giving rise to hydroxy-interlayered behaviour, as normally occurs in Podzol eluvial horizons from where the organic Al-complexes migrate. Our findings suggested that if this trend proceeds further the whole podzolic sequum may migrate downwards. This may have important implication on C budget, as organic carbon will be transferred deeper in the soil profile limiting its losses at least over a short time period.", "keywords": ["BISEQUAL SOILS; CARBON STOCKS; CLAY MINERALOGY; FULVIC ACIDS; NORWAY SPRUCE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/100698/2/Falsone%20et%20al%202012%20Geoderma%20AperTO.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:14:12Z", "created": "2011-02-08", "title": "Biofuels, Greenhouse Gases And Climate Change", "description": "Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass, mostly in liquid form, within a time frame sufficiently short to consider that their feedstock (biomass) can be renewed, contrarily to fossil fuels. This paper reviews the current and future biofuel technologies, and their development impacts (including on the climate) within given policy and economic frameworks. Current technologies make it possible to provide first generation biodiesel, ethanol or biogas to the transport sector to be blended with fossil fuels. Still under-development 2nd generation biofuels from lignocellulose should be available on the market by 2020. Research is active on the improvement of their conversion efficiency. A ten-fold increase compared with current cost-effective capacities would make them highly competitive. Within bioenergy policies, emphasis has been put on biofuels for transportation as this sector is fast-growing and represents a major source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with fossil fuels, biofuel combustion can emit less greenhouse gases throughout their life cycle, considering that part of the emitted returns to the atmosphere where it was fixed from by photosynthesis in the first place. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is commonly used to assess the potential environmental impacts of biofuel chains, notably the impact on global warming. This tool, whose holistic nature is fundamental to avoid pollution trade-offs, is a standardised methodology that should make comparisons between biofuel and fossil fuel chains objective and thorough. However, it is a complex and time-consuming process, which requires lots of data, and whose methodology is still lacking harmonisation. Hence the life-cycle performances of biofuel chains vary widely in the literature. Furthermore, LCA is a site- and time- independent tool that cannot take into account the spatial and temporal dimensions of emissions, and can hardly serve as a decision-making tool either at local or regional levels. Focusing on greenhouse gases, emission factors used in LCAs give a rough estimate of the potential average emissions on a national level. However, they do not take into account the types of crop, soil or management practices, for instance. Modelling the impact of local factors on the determinism of greenhouse gas emissions can provide better estimates for LCA on the local level, which would be the relevant scale and degree of reliability for decision-making purposes. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of the processes involved, most notably emissions, is still needed to definitely improve the accuracy of LCA. Perennial crops are a promising option for biofuels, due to their rapid and efficient use of nitrogen, and their limited farming operations. However, the main overall limiting factor to biofuel development will ultimately be land availability. Given the available land areas, population growth rate and consumption behaviours, it would be possible to reach by 2030 a global 10% biofuel share in the transport sector, contributing to lower global greenhouse gas emissions by up to (IEA, 2006), provided that harmonised policies ensure that sustainability criteria for the production systems are respected worldwide. Furthermore, policies should also be more integrative across sectors, so that changes in energy efficiency, the automotive sector and global consumption patterns converge towards drastic reduction of the pressure on resources. Indeed, neither biofuels nor other energy source or carriers are likely to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic pressure on resources in a range that would compensate for this pressure growth. Hence, the first step is to reduce this pressure by starting from the variable that drives it up, i.e. anthropic consumptions.", "keywords": ["effet de serre", "BIOFUELS;ENERGY CROPS;PERENNIALS;LCA;GREENHOUSE GASES;CLIMATE CHANGE;POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORKS;BIOENERGY POTENTIAL;LAND-USE CHANGE;NITROUS OXIDE;CARBON DIOXIDE;AGRICULTURAL PRATICES \u00a0;AGRONOMIE;", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "dioxyde de carbone", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "biomasse", "pratique culturale", "\u00e9nergie", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "oxyde nitreux", "gaz trace", "\u00e9mission", "Agricultural sciences", "flux", "culture \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "cycle de vie", "biocarburant", "13. Climate action", "politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "impact sur l'environnement", "Sciences agricoles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-10", "title": "Hydroperiod, Soil Moisture And Bioturbation Are Critical Drivers Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes And Vary As A Function Of Landuse Change In Mangroves Of Sulawesi, Indonesia", "description": "The loss and degradation of mangroves can result in potentially significant sources of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. For mangrove rehabilitation carbon projects, quantifying GHG emissions as forests regenerate is a key accounting requirement. The current study is one of the first attempts to systematically quantify emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from: 1) aquaculture ponds, 2) rehabilitating mangroves, and 3) intact mangrove sites and frame GHG flux within the context of landuse change. In-situ static chamber measurements were made at three contrasting locations in Sulawesi, Indonesia. The influence of key biophysical variables known to affect GHG flux was also assessed. Peak GHG flux was observed at rehabilitating (32.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.1\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and intact, mature reference sites (43.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.5\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and a dry, exposed disused aquaculture pond (30.6\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1). Emissions were negligible at low productivity rehabilitating sites with high hydroperiod (mean 1.0\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and an impounded, operational aquaculture pond (1.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.2\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1). Heterogeneity in biophysical conditions and geomorphic position exerted a strong influence on GHG flux, with the longer hydroperiod and higher soil moisture content of seaward fringing mangroves correlated with decreased fluxes. A greater abundance of Mud lobster mounds and root structures in landward mangroves correlated to higher flux. When viewed across a landuse change continuum, our results suggest that the initial conversion of mangroves to aquaculture ponds releases extremely high rates of GHGs. Furthermore, the re-institution of hydrological regimes in dry, disused aquaculture ponds to facilitate tidal flushing is instrumental in rapidly mediating GHG flux, leading to a significant reduction in baseline emissions. This is an important consideration for forest carbon project proponents seeking to maximise creditable GHG emissions reductions and removals.", "keywords": ["Nitrous Oxide", "Aquaculture", "Carbon Dioxide", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "Indonesia", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Water Movements", "Seasons", "14. Life underwater", "Ponds", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-04", "title": "Soil carbon sequestration rates under Mediterranean woody crops using recommended management practices: A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract Mediterranean woody crops, such as olive and almond farming, and vineyards are usually cultivated in soils low in organic matter, with limited water availability and frequently on medium to steep slopes. Therefore, when conventionally cultivated, soils of these cropping systems are net sources of CO2 (throughout soil erosion and organic carbon mineralization). A promising option to sequester carbon (C) in these cropping systems is the implementation of recommended management practices (RMPs), which include plant cover in the inter-row area, minimum or no tillage and off- and on-farm organic matter amendments. However, the effects of RMPs on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in these cropping systems are widely overlooked, despite the critical importance of estimating their contribution on CO2 emissions for policy decisions in the agriculture sector in Mediterranean regions. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to derive a C response ratio, soil C sequestration rate and soil C sequestration efficiency under RMPs, compared to conventional management of olive and almond orchards, and vineyards (144 data sets from 51 references). RMPs included organic amendments (OA), plant cover (CC) and a combination of the two (CMP). The highest soil C sequestration rate (5.3\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 yr\u22121) was observed following the application OA in olive orchards (especially after olive mill pomace application), whereas CC management achieved the lowest C sequestration rates (1.1, 0.78 and 2.0\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 yr\u22121, for olive orchards, vineyards and almond orchards, respectively). Efficiency of soil C sequestration was greater than 100% after OA and CMP managements, indicating that: i) some of the organic C inputs were unaccounted for, and ii) a positive feedback effect of the application of these amendments on SOC retention (e.g. reduction of soil erosion) and on protective mechanisms of the SOC which reduce CO2 emissions. Soil C sequestration rate tended to be highest during the first years after the change of the management and progressively decreased. Studies performed in Mediterranean sub-climates of low annual precipitation had lower values of soil C sequestration rate, likely due to a lower biomass production of the crop and other plant cover. Soil C sequestration rates in olive farming were much higher than that of vineyards, mainly due to the application of higher annual doses of organic amendments. The relatively high sequestration rate combined with the relative large spatial extent of these cropping system areas suggests that the adoption of RMPs is a sustainable and efficient measure to mitigate climate change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "QH301 Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "recommended management practices", "carbon sequestration", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "QH301", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mediterranean woody crops", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:14:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-10", "title": "Predicted Soil Organic Carbon Stocks And Changes In The Brazilian Amazon Between 2000 And 2030", "description": "Abstract Currently we have little understanding of the impacts of land use change on soil C stocks in the Brazilian Amazon. Such information is needed to determine impacts on the global C cycle and the sustainability of agricultural systems that are replacing native forest. The aim of this study was to predict soil carbon stocks and changes in the Brazilian Amazon during the period between 2000 and 2030, using the GEFSOC soil carbon (C) modelling system. In order to do so, we devised current and future land use scenarios for the Brazilian Amazon, taking into account: (i) deforestation rates from the past three decades, (ii) census data on land use from 1940 to 2000, including the expansion and intensification of agriculture in the region, (iii) available information on management practices, primarily related to well managed pasture versus degraded pasture and conventional systems versus no-tillage systems for soybean ( Glycine max ) and (iv) FAO predictions on agricultural land use and land use changes for the years 2015 and 2030. The land use scenarios were integrated with spatially explicit soils data (SOTER database), climate, potential natural vegetation and land management units using the recently developed GEFSOC soil C modelling system. Results are presented in map, table and graph form for the entire Brazilian Amazon for the current situation (1990 and 2000) and the future (2015 and 2030). Results include soil organic C (SOC) stocks and SOC stock change rates estimated by three methods: (i) the Century ecosystem model, (ii) the Rothamsted C model and (iii) the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) method for assessing soil C at regional scale. In addition, we show estimated values of above and belowground biomass for native vegetation, pasture and soybean. The results on regional SOC stocks compare reasonably well with those based on mapping approaches. The GEFSOC system provided a means of efficiently handling complex interactions among biotic-edapho-climatic conditions (>363,000 combinations) in a very large area (\u223c500\u00a0Mha) such as the Brazilian Amazon. All of the methods used showed a decline in SOC stock for the period studied; Century and RothC simulated values for 2030 being about 7% lower than those in 1990. Values from Century and RothC (30,430 and 25,000\u00a0Tg for the 0\u201320\u00a0cm layer for the Brazilian Amazon region were higher than those obtained from the IPCC system (23,400\u00a0Tg in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer). Finally, our results can help understand the major biogeochemical cycles that influence soil fertility and help devise management strategies that enhance the sustainability of these areas and thus slow further deforestation.", "keywords": ["land use change", "2. Zero hunger", "clay loam acrisol", "550", "330", "no-tillage", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "regional-scale", "15. Life on land", "matter dynamics", "soil organic carbon", "land-use change", "long-term experiments", "southern brazil", "tropical deforestation", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "regional estimates", "eastern amazonia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-26", "title": "Comprehensive Comparison Of Gap-Filling Techniques For Eddy Covariance Net Carbon Fluxes", "description": "Abstract We review 15 techniques for estimating missing values of net ecosystem CO 2 exchange (NEE) in eddy covariance time series and evaluate their performance for different artificial gap scenarios based on a set of 10 benchmark datasets from six forested sites in Europe. The goal of gap filling is the reproduction of the NEE time series and hence this present work focuses on estimating missing NEE values, not on editing or the removal of suspect values in these time series due to systematic errors in the measurements (e.g., nighttime flux, advection). The gap filling was examined by generating 50 secondary datasets with artificial gaps (ranging in length from single half-hours to 12 consecutive days) for each benchmark dataset and evaluating the performance with a variety of statistical metrics. The performance of the gap filling varied among sites and depended on the level of aggregation (native half-hourly time step versus daily), long gaps were more difficult to fill than short gaps, and differences among the techniques were more pronounced during the day than at night. The non-linear regression techniques (NLRs), the look-up table (LUT), marginal distribution sampling (MDS), and the semi-parametric model (SPM) generally showed good overall performance. The artificial neural network based techniques (ANNs) were generally, if only slightly, superior to the other techniques. The simple interpolation technique of mean diurnal variation (MDV) showed a moderate but consistent performance. Several sophisticated techniques, the dual unscented Kalman filter (UKF), the multiple imputation method (MIM), the terrestrial biosphere model (BETHY), but also one of the ANNs and one of the NLRs showed high biases which resulted in a low reliability of the annual sums, indicating that additional development might be needed. An uncertainty analysis comparing the estimated random error in the 10 benchmark datasets with the artificial gap residuals suggested that the techniques are already at or very close to the noise limit of the measurements. Based on the techniques and site data examined here, the effect of gap filling on the annual sums of NEE is modest, with most techniques falling within a range of \u00b125\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0year \u22121 .", "keywords": ["Net ecosystem exchange (NEE)", "Gap-filling comparison", "550", "FLUXNET", "0207 environmental engineering", "Eddy covariance", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Carbon flux", "Review of gap-filling techniques", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-19", "title": "How will a drier climate change carbon sequestration in soils of the deciduous forests of Central Europe?", "description": "AbstractGlobal warming is accompanied by increasing water stress across much of our planet. We studied soil biological processes and changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in 30 Hungarian oak forest sites in the Carpathian Basin along a climatic gradient (mean annual temperature (MAT) 9.6\uffe2\uff80\uff9312.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C, mean annual precipitation (MAP) 545\uffe2\uff80\uff93725\uffc2\uffa0mm) but on similar gently sloped hillsides where the parent materials are loess and weathered dust inputs dating from the end of the ice age. The purpose of this research was to understand how a drying climate, predicted for this region, might regulate long-term SOC sequestration. To examine the effects of decreasing water availability, we compared soil parameters and processes in three categories of forest that represented the moisture extremes along our gradient and that were defined using a broken-stick regression model. Soil biological activity was significantly lower in the driest (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cdry\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) forests, which had more than double the SOC concentration in the upper 30\uffc2\uffa0cm layer (3.28\uffc2\uffa0g C/100\uffc2\uffa0g soil\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.11 SE) compared to soils of the wettest (\uffe2\uff80\uff9chumid\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) forests (1.32\uffc2\uffa0g C/100\uffc2\uffa0g soil\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.09 SE), despite the fact that annual surface litter production in humid forests was\uffe2\uff80\uff89~\uffe2\uff80\uff8937% higher than in dry forests. A two-pool SOM model constrained to fit radiocarbon data indicates that turnover times for fast and slow pools are about half as long in the humid soil compared to the dry soil, and humid soils transfer C twice as efficiently from fast to slow pools. Enzyme activity and fungal biomass data also imply shorter turnover times associated with faster degradation processes in the soils of humid forests. Thermogravimetry studies suggest that more chemically recalcitrant compounds are accumulating in the soils of dry forests. Taken together, our results suggest that the predicted climate drying in this region might increase SOC storage in Central European mesic deciduous forests even as litter production decreases.2 mm). The amount of CO2 evolved varied significantly between soils (p\u22640.0001); particle sizes (p\u22640.0001) and the interactions of biochar source (p\u22640.001) and forms of biochars (p\u22640.0001) with soil types. Averaged across soils and sources of biochar, CO2-C evolved from dust-sized biochar (281 mg kg(-1)) was significantly higher than pellet-sized biochar (226 mg kg(-1)). Coxville soils with SS biochar produced the greatest average CO2-C of 428 mg kg(-1) and Norfolk soils with PC had the lowest CO2-C production (93 mg kg(-1)). Measured rates of carbon mineralization also varied with soils and sources of biochar (Norfolk: PL>SS>SG\u2265PC; Coxville: PC>SG>SS>PL). The average net CO2-C evolved from the Coxville soils (385 mg kg(-1)) was about threefold more than the CO2-C evolved from the Norfolk soils (123 mg kg(-1)). Our results suggest different particle sizes and sources of biochar as well as soil type influence biochar stability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Hot Temperature", "Swine", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Poultry", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Particle Size", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-26", "title": "Poor Efficacy Of Herbicides In Biochar-Amended Soils As Affected By Their Chemistry And Mode Of Action", "description": "We evaluated wheat straw biochar produced at 450\u00b0C for its ability to influence bioavailability and persistence of two commonly used herbicides (atrazine and trifluralin) with different modes of action (photosynthesis versus root tip mitosis inhibitors) in two contrasting soils. The biochar was added to soils at 0%, 0.5% and 1.0% (w/w) and the herbicides were applied to those soil-biochar mixes at nil, half, full, two times, and four times, the recommended dosage (H(4)). Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) was grown in biochar amended soils for 1 month. Biochar had a positive impact on ryegrass survival rate and above-ground biomass at most of the application rates, and particularly at H(4). Within any given biochar treatment, increasing herbicide application decreased the survival rate and fresh weight of above-ground biomass. Biomass production across the biochar treatment gradient significantly differed (p<0.01) and was more pronounced in the case of atrazine than trifluralin. For example, the dose-response analysis showed that in the presence of 1% biochar in soil, the value of GR(50) (i.e. the dose required to reduce weed biomass by 50%) for atrazine increased by 3.5 times, whereas it increased only by a factor of 1.6 in the case of trifluralin. The combination of the chemical properties and the mode of action governed the extent of biochar-induced reduction in bioavailability of herbicides. The greater biomass of ryegrass in the soil containing the highest biochar (despite having the highest herbicide residues) demonstrates decreased bioavailability of the chemicals caused by the wheat straw biochar. This work clearly demonstrates decreased efficacy of herbicides in biochar amended soils. The role played by herbicide chemistry and mode of action will have major implications in choosing the appropriate application rates for biochar amended soils.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Bioavailability", "Herbicides", "Bound residue", "Weed control", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", "6. Clean water", "Trifluralin", "Persistence", "Biochar", "Soil", "Charcoal", "Lolium", "Atrazine", "Biomass", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.052"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-22", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Application To A Mediterranean Wheat Crop On Soil Microbial Activity And Greenhouse Gas Fluxes", "description": "Biochar has been recently proposed as a management strategy to improve crop productivity and global warming mitigation. However, the effect of such approach on soil greenhouse gas fluxes is highly uncertain and few data from field experiments are available. In a field trial, cultivated with wheat, biochar was added to the soil (3 or 6 kg m(-2)) in two growing seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) so to monitor the effect of treatments on microbial parameters 3 months and 14 months after char addition. N(2)O, CH(4) and CO(2) fluxes were measured in the field during the first year after char addition. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH (from 5.2 to 6.7) and the rates of net N mineralization, soil microbial respiration and denitrification activity in the first 3 months, but after 14 months treated and control plots did not differ significantly. No changes in total microbial biomass and net nitrification rate were observed. In char treated plots, soil N(2)O fluxes were from 26% to 79% lower than N(2)O fluxes in control plots, excluding four sampling dates after the last fertilization with urea, when N(2)O emissions were higher in char treated plots. However, due to the high spatial variability, the observed differences were rarely significant. No significant differences of CH(4) fluxes and field soil respiration were observed among different treatments, with just few exceptions. Overall the char treatments showed a minimal impact on microbial parameters and GHG fluxes over the first 14 months after biochar incorporation.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "Nitrous Oxide", "Biochar; CH; 4; CO; 2; Denitrification; N; 2; O; Nitrification;", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "CH4", "Bacteria", "N2O", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Gases", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-01", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Amendments On The Quality Of A Typical Midwestern Agricultural Soil", "description": "Abstract Biochar, a co-product of thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials into advanced biofuels, may be used as a soil amendment to enhance the sustainability of biomass harvesting. We investigated the impact of biochar amendments (0, 5, 10, and 20\u00a0g-biochar\u00a0kg\u2212\u00a01 soil) on the quality of a Clarion soil (Mesic Typic Hapludolls), collected (0\u201315\u00a0cm) in Boone County, Iowa. Repacked soil columns were incubated for 500\u00a0days at 25\u00a0\u00b0C and 80% relative humidity. On week 12, 5\u00a0g of dried and ground swine manure was incorporated into the upper 3\u00a0cm of soil for half of the columns. Once each week, all columns were leached with 200\u00a0mL of 0.001\u00a0M CaCl2. Soil bulk density increased with time for all columns and was significantly lower for biochar amended soils relative to the un-amended soils. The biochar amended soils retained more water at gravity drained equilibrium (up to 15%), had greater water retention at \u2212\u00a01 and \u22125\u00a0bars soil water matric potential, (13 and 10% greater, respectively), larger specific surface areas (up to 18%), higher cation exchange capacities (up to 20%), and pH values (up to 1 pH unit) relative to the un-amended controls. No effect of biochar on saturated hydraulic conductivity was detected. The biochar amendments significantly increased total N (up to 7%), organic C (up to 69%), and Mehlich III extractable P, K, Mg and Ca but had no effect on Mehlich III extractable S, Cu, and Zn. The results indicate that biochar amendments have the potential to substantially improve the quality and fertility status of Midwestern agricultural soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil Science", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "630", "333", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Black carbon", "Geochemistry", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Laird, David, Fleming, Pierce, Davis, Dedrick, Horton, Robert, Karlen, Douglas, Wang, Baiqun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-01", "title": "Organic Matter Stabilization In Soil Aggregates: Understanding The Biogeochemical Mechanisms That Determine The Fate Of Carbon Inputs In Soils", "description": "Abstract We studied the biochemical and biophysical processes of carbon sequestration in an intensive agroforestry system on two soils (Feralsol \u2013 Luero; Arenosol \u2013 Teso) in W. Kenya to elucidate the mechanisms associated with long-term carbon storage. Specifically, we looked at a top-down model (macro-aggregates form around organic matter particles and micro-aggregates form within the macro-aggregates) and a bottom-up model (micro-aggregates form independently and are incorporated into macro-aggregates) of soil aggregate formation. Soil samples were collected from experiments on improved tree fallows using different species and two tillage treatments; water-stable aggregates were extracted and sorted into three size classes: macro-aggregates (>\u00a0212\u00a0\u03bcm), meso-aggregates (53\u2013212\u00a0\u03bcm) and micro-aggregates (20\u201353\u00a0\u03bcm). Organic matter characterization of each fraction was based on 13C isotope abundance, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the abundance of polysaccharides. Improved fallows increased soil C by 0.28 and 0.26\u00a0kg m\u00ad2 in the top 20\u00a0cm of the soil profile in Luero and Teso, respectively. Tillage altered the distribution of aggregates among size classes. Changes in the \u03b413C signature in each fraction indicated that more of the new carbon was found in the macro-aggregates (35\u201370%) and meso-aggregates (18\u201349%) in Luero and less (9\u201317%) was found in the micro-aggregates. In Teso, about 40\u201380% of the new aggregate C was found in the meso-aggregates, 14\u201345% was found in the micro-aggregates and only 4\u201326% was found in the macro-aggregates. The meso-aggregates and macro-aggregates to a lesser extent, in both sites, were enriched in carboxylic-C and aromatic-C, indicating the importance of OM decomposition and plant-derived C in the stabilization of larger aggregates, supporting the top-down model of aggregate formation. Microbially derived polysaccharides play a leading role in the formation of stable micro-aggregates and carboxylic-C promotes stabilization through surface occlusion. This bottom-up process is essential to promote long-term carbon sequestration in soils. Additionally, the micro-aggregates at both sites were enriched in polysaccharides and had elevated ratios of galactose + mannose:arabinose + xylose than the other aggregate fractions, indicating the importance of microbial processes in the formation of stable micro-aggregates and supporting the bottom-up model.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Aggregates", "fallow", "C-13", "carbon", "Carbohydrates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "540", "630", "6. Clean water", "soil", "Improved", "FTIR", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-31", "title": "Land Use And Management Effects On Soil Organic Matter Fractions In Rhodic Ferralsols And Haplic Arenosols In Bindura And Shamva Districts Of Zimbabwe", "description": "Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major attribute of soil quality that responds to land management activities which is also important in the regulation of global carbon (C) cycling. This study evaluated bulk soil C and nitrogen (N) contents and C and N dynamics in three soil organic matter (SOM) fractions separated by density. The study was based on three tillage systems on farmer managed experiments (conventional tillage (CT), ripping (RP), direct seeding (DS)) and adjacent natural forest (NF) in Haplic Arenosols (sandy) and Rhodic Ferralsols (clayey) of Zimbabwe. Carbon stocks were significantly larger in forests than tillage systems, being significantly lower in sandy soils (15 and 14\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) than clayey soils (23 and 21\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) at 0\u201310 and 10\u201330\u00a0cm respectively. Nitrogen content followed the same trend. At the 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0.10, 0.24, 0.36\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 and 0.76, 0.54, 0.10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0.55, 0.40, 0.56\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 and 0.63, 0.65, 0.55\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 respectively. SOM fractions were dominated by mineral associated heavy fraction (MaHF) which accounted for 86\u201393% and 94\u201398% on sandy and clayey soils respectively. Tillage systems on sandy soils had the smallest average free light fraction (fLF) and occluded light fraction (oLF) C stocks (25.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3 g m\u2212\u00a02 and 7.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm when compared with corresponding NF (58.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04 g\u00a0m2 and 18.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Clayey soils, had the opposite, having all fLF C and N in tillage systems being higher (80.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0g\u00a0C m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) than NF (57.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Results suggest that oLF and MaHF C and N are better protected under DS and RP where they are less vulnerable to mineralisation while fLF contributes more in CT. Thus, DS and RP can be important in maintaining and improving soil quality although their practicability can be hampered by unsupportive institutional frameworks. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. The exploitation of the benefits of RP or DS and the corresponding sustainability of systems need support for surface cover retention which should also be extended to conventional tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pools", "microbial biomass", "assessment", "no-tillage", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "term changes", "carbon sequestration", "stabilization", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture", "soil organic matter", "tillage", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "density fractions", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:15:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-11", "title": "Rehabilitating Mangrove Ecosystem Services: A Case Study On The Relative Benefits Of Abandoned Pond Reversion From Panay Island, Philippines", "description": "Mangroves provide vital climate change mitigation and adaptation (CCMA) ecosystem services (ES), yet have suffered extensive tropics-wide declines. To mitigate losses, rehabilitation is high on the conservation agenda. However, the relative functionality and ES delivery of rehabilitated mangroves in different intertidal locations is rarely assessed. In a case study from Panay Island, Philippines, using field- and satellite-derived methods, we assess carbon stocks and coastal protection potential of rehabilitated low-intertidal seafront and mid- to upper-intertidal abandoned (leased) fishpond areas, against reference natural mangroves. Due to large sizes and appropriate site conditions, targeted abandoned fishpond reversion to former mangrove was found to be favourable for enhancing CCMA in the coastal zone. In a municipality-specific case study, 96.7% of abandoned fishponds with high potential for effective greenbelt rehabilitation had favourable tenure status for reversion. These findings have implications for coastal zone management in Asia in the face of climate change.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon Sequestration", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "coastal protection", "mangroves", "Philippines", "Aquatic Science", "15. Life on land", "Oceanography", "Pollution", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "rehabilitation", "carbon stocks", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "11. Sustainability", "14. Life underwater", "ecosystem services", "Ponds", "abandoned aquaculture ponds", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Marine%20Pollution%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.049", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:18:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9plication pour\u00a0: Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France", "description": "These data concern the study 'Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France' Karimi B, Terrat S, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Horrigue W, Leli\u00e8vre M, Nowak V, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Bispo A, Maron PA, Bour\u00e9 NCP, Ranjard L. Sci Adv. 2018 Jul 4;4(7):eaat1808. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1808 and is based on data from the RMQS program (French Soil Quality Monitoring Network). The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site. These soil analyses were carried out by the Soil Analysis Laboratory of INRAE (Arras, France). The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009 and the second campaign has begun in 2016. At each site, 25 core samples were taken by layer with an auger within a 20 m \u00d7 20 m plot and combined into a composite sample. Analyses used in this study only concern the surface layer (generally 0\u201330 cm layer) of samplings from the first campaign in metropolitan France. The dataset published contains all the raw data used in the statistical analysis in order to make them available for any further study. The table contains soil properties, observations on land use, and coordinates. We warn the user that coordinates published here are not the right coordinates, the RMQS site can be located until 1 km around this point. Real coordinates can not be made publicly available because of confidential information.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "silt", "Earth and Environmental Science", "cation exchange capacity", "Evapotranspiration", "Soils and soil sciences", "pH", "land use", "clay", "sand", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil", "air temperature", "soil organic carbon", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "calcium carbonate", "phosphorus content", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences", "altitude"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas, Boulonne, Line, Rati\u00e9, C\u00e9line, Arrouays, Dominique, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Bispo, Antonio, Jolivet, Claudy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/JCONRJ", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:18:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "National soil carbon stock map integrated into FAO's global map", "description": "La carte de la France m\u00e9tropolitaine (hors Corse) des stocks de carbone dans les sols a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e par l\u2019INRA dans le cadre d\u2019un exercice mondial pilot\u00e9 par le Partenariat Mondial sur les Sols h\u00e9berg\u00e9 par l\u2019Organisation des Nations-Unies pour l\u2019alimentation et l\u2019agriculture, la FAO. La carte ainsi produite, en suivant les sp\u00e9cifications d\u00e9cid\u00e9es par cette instance, a \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9e \u00e0 la carte mondiale des stocks de carbone. Elle exploite une pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente production r\u00e9alis\u00e9e dans le cadre du programme Global Soil Map (Mulder et al. 2016) et r\u00e9sulte d\u2019un travail de cartographie num\u00e9rique par mod\u00e9lisation r\u00e9alis\u00e9 \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es ponctuelles issues des deux programmes nationaux IGCS et RMQS du GIS Sol. La carte transmise \u00e0 la FAO estime sur une grille de 1 km de r\u00e9solution les stocks de carbone sur 30 cm. Elle fournit des indications pr\u00e9cieuses quant \u00e0 la distribution spatiale et la variabilit\u00e9 des stocks de carbone dans les sols fran\u00e7ais, avec toutefois des zones o\u00f9 les estimations pr\u00e9sentent de forts niveaux d\u2019incertitude, notamment en r\u00e9gion montagneuse. Ce travail confirme les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes publications nationales puisque les stocks les plus faibles sont observ\u00e9s en Languedoc-Roussillon (r\u00e9gion fortement viticole et caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par un climat chaud et des sols peu \u00e9pais) et dans quelques zones de culture tr\u00e8s intensive (Beauce Chartraine, Nord). Les stocks de carbone faibles \u00e0 moyens (40-50 t/ha) sont caract\u00e9ristiques des sols des grandes plaines de culture intensive de France ainsi que des sols limoneux comme, par exemple, le grand Bassin parisien, une partie du Bassin aquitain, le Toulousain et le sillon Rhodanien. Les stocks de carbone moyennement \u00e9lev\u00e9s (50-70 t/ha) sont caract\u00e9ristiques des grandes r\u00e9gions foresti\u00e8res ou fourrag\u00e8res de France (Bretagne, Est, Massif central, Normandie) et les stocks de carbone les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s correspondent \u00e0 des situations climatiques (sols situ\u00e9s en altitude), min\u00e9ralogiques (sols volcaniques du Massif central) ou hydriques extr\u00eames (marais de l\u2019Ouest, delta du Rh\u00f4ne).", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "effet de serre", "horizons de surface", "sol", "Soils and soil sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "France", "carbone", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "stock de carbone organique", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Martin, Manuel", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/JCONRJ"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/JCONRJ", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/JCONRJ", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/JCONRJ"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-18", "title": "Risk reductions during pyrene biotransformation and mobilization in a model plant-bacteria-biochar system", "description": "The productive application of motile microorganisms for degrading hydrophobic contaminants in soil is one of the most promising processes in modern remediation due to its sustainability and low cost. However, the incomplete biodegradation of the contaminants and the formation of the intermediary metabolites in the process may increase the toxicity in soil during bioremediation, and motile inoculants may mobilize the pollutants through biosorption. Therefore, controlling these factors should be a fundamental part of soil remediation approaches. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sources of risk associated with the cometabolism-based transformation of 14C-labeled pyrene by inoculated Pseudomonas putida G7 and identify ways to minimize risk. Our model scenario examined the increase in bioaccessibility to a distant source of contamination facilitated by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots. A biochar trap for mobilized pollutant metabolites and bacteria has also been employed. The experimental design consisted of pots filled with a layer of sand with 14C-labeled pyrene (88 mg kg-1) as a contamination focus located several centimeters from the inoculation point. Half of the pots included a biochar layer at the bottom. The pots were incubated in a greenhouse with sunflower plants and P. putida G7 bacteria. Pots with sunflower plants showed a higher biodegradation of pyrene, its mobilization as metabolites through the percolate and the roots, and bacterial mobilization toward the source of contamination, also resulting in increased pyrene transformation. In addition, the biochar layer efficiently reduced the concentrations of pyrene metabolites collected in the leachates. Therefore, the combination of plants, motile bacteria and biochar safely reduced the risk caused by the biological transformation of pyrene.", "keywords": ["Risk", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Pyrenes", "Bacteria", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "01 natural sciences", "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons", "6. Clean water", "Sunflower", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "Biodegradation", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Bioremediation", "Biotransformation", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161600"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-18", "title": "Benchmarking soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration provides more robust soil health assessment than the SOC/clay ratio at European scale", "description": "Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) confers benefits to soil health, biodiversity, underpins carbon sequestration and ameliorates land degradation. One recommendation is to increase SOC such that the SOC to clay ratio (SOC/clay) exceeds 1/13, yet normalising SOC levels based on clay alone gives misleading indications of soil structure and the potential to store additional carbon. Building on work by Poeplau & Don (2023) to benchmark observed against predicted SOC, we advance an alternative indicator: the ratio between observed and 'typical' SOC (O/T SOC) for pan-European application. Here, 'typical' SOC is the average concentration in different pedo-climate zones, PCZs (which, unlike existing SOC indicators, incorporate land cover and climate, alongside soil texture) across Europe, determined from mineral (<20\u00a0% organic matter) topsoils (0-20\u00a0cm) sampled during 2009-2018 in LUCAS, Europe's largest soil monitoring scheme (n\u00a0=\u00a019,855). Regression tree modelling derived 12 PCZs, with typical SOC values ranging 5.99-39.65\u00a0g\u00a0kg-1. New index classes for comparison with SOC/clay grades were established from the quartiles of each PCZ's O/T SOC distribution; these were termed: 'Low' (below the 25th percentile), 'Intermediate' (between the 25th and 50th percentiles), 'High' (between the 50th and 75th percentiles), and 'Very high' (above the 75th percentile). Compared with SOC/clay, O/T SOC was less sensitive to clay content, land cover, and climate, less geographically skewed, and better reflected differences in soil porosity and SOC stock, supporting 2 EU Soil Health Mission objectives (consolidating SOC stocks; improving soil structure for crops and biota). These patterns held for 2 independent datasets, and O/T SOC grades were sensitive enough to reflect land management differences across several long-term field experiments. O/T SOC used in conjunction with several other physical, chemical and biological soil health indicators can help support the EU Soil Monitoring Law and achieve several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.", "keywords": ["soil monitoring", "pedo-climate zones", "clay", "soil carbon", "soil structure", "sustainable development goals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-23", "title": "Biochar But Not Earthworms Enhances Rice Growth Through Increased Protein Turnover", "description": "The aim of this work was to compare the effects of biochar and earthworms on rice growth and to investigate the possible interactions between both. In addition to classic macroscopic variables we also monitored some leaf-level cellular processes involved in protein turnover. Both biochar and earthworms significantly increased shoot biomass production. However, biochar had a higher effect on the number of leaves (\u00fe87%) and earthworms on leaf area (\u00fe89%). Biochar also significantly increased the leaf turnover. At the cellular level, biochar but not earthworms enhanced protein catabolism by an increase in leaf proteolytic activities. This could be related to the increased expression of three of the six genes tested related to protein catabolism, one serine protease gene OsSP2 (\u00fe24%), one aspartic acid protease gene, Oryzasin (\u00fe162%) and one cysteine protease gene OsCatB (\u00fe257%). Furthermore, biochar also enhanced the expression level of two genes linked to protein anabolism, coding for the small and large subunits of rubisco (\u00fe33% and \u00fe30%, for rbcS and rbcL, respectively), the most abundant protein in leaves. In conclusion, our data gives evidence that biochar increased rice biomass production through increased leaf protein turnover (both catabolism and anabolism) whereas earthworms also increased rice biomass production but not through changes in the rate of protein turnover. We hypothesize that earthworms increase nitrogen uptake at a low cost for the plant through a simultaneous increase in mineralization rate and root biomass, probably through the release in the soil of plant growth factors. This could allow plants to accumulate more biomass without an increase in nitrogen metabolism at the leaf level, and without having to support the consecutive energy cost that must bear plants in the biochar treatment. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "earthworms", "FAUNE DU SOL", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "AZOTE", "PROTEINE", "CROISSANCE", "ETUDE COMPARATIVE", "lombriz de tierra", "2. Zero hunger", "BIOMASSE", "BIOCHAR", "biomass", "carbon", "microbiology", "MACROFAUNE", "CHARBON DE BOIS", "carbono", "RIZICULTURE", "biomasa", "oryza sativa", "METABOLISME", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "carb\u00f3n vegetal", "LOMBRIC", "FEUILLE", "charcoal"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kam-Rigne Laossi, Juan Andr\u00e9s Cardoso, Patrick Lavelle, Patrick Lavelle, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, M.H. Cruz de Carvalho, S\u00e9bastien Barot,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-22", "title": "Enhanced Root Exudation Induces Microbial Feedbacks To N Cycling In A Pine Forest Under Long-Term Co2 Fumigation", "description": "
Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 187\uffe2\uff80\uff93194
AbstractThe degree to which rising atmospheric CO2 will be offset by carbon (C) sequestration in forests depends in part on the capacity of trees and soil microbes to make physiological adjustments that can alleviate resource limitation. Here, we show for the first time that mature trees exposed to CO2 enrichment increase the release of soluble C from roots to soil, and that such increases are coupled to the accelerated turnover of nitrogen (N) pools in the rhizosphere. Over the course of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, we measured in situ rates of root exudation from 420 intact loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) roots. Trees fumigated with elevated CO2 (200 p.p.m.v. over background) increased exudation rates (\uffce\uffbcg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83root\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) by 55% during the primary growing season, leading to a 50% annual increase in dissolved organic inputs to fumigated forest soils. These increases in root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C were positively correlated with microbial release of extracellular enzymes involved in breakdown of organic N (R2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.66; P\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.006) in the rhizosphere, indicating that exudation stimulated microbial activity and accelerated the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) turnover. In support of this conclusion, trees exposed to both elevated CO2 and N fertilization did not increase exudation rates and had reduced enzyme activities in the rhizosphere. Collectively, our results provide field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based empirical support suggesting that sustained growth responses of forests to elevated CO2 in low fertility soils are maintained by enhanced rates of microbial activity and N cycling fuelled by inputs of root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C. To the extent that increases in exudation also stimulate SOM decomposition, such changes may prevent soil C accumulation in forest ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Plant Exudates", "Pinus taeda", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon Dioxide", "01 natural sciences", "Plant Roots", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Rhizosphere", "North Carolina", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01570.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1101/2023.06.28.546105", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-20T16:17:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-29", "title": "Construction and Characterisation of a Structured, Tuneable, and Transparent 3D Culture Platform for Soil Bacteria", "description": "2.AbstractWe have developed a tuneable workflow for the study of soil microbes in an imitative 3D soil environment that is compatible with routine and advanced optical imaging, is chemically customisable, and is reliably refractive index matched based on the metabolic profile of the study organism. We demonstrate our transparent soil pipeline with two representative soil organisms,Bacillus subtilisandStreptomyces coelicolor, and visualise their colonisation behaviours using fluorescence microscopy and mesoscopy. This spatially structured, 3D approach to microbial culture has the potential to further study the behaviour of other difficult-to-culture bacteria in conditions matching their native environment and could be expanded to study microbial interactions, such as interaction, competition, and warfare.
3.Graphical AbstractA step-by-step method for creating a tailored 3D culture medium for study of soil microbes.
The complete workflow can be split into three parts: Growth and observation, metabolic profiling to provide a stable refractive index matching solution, and production of the 3D soil environment. The 3D culture scaffold was created by cryomilling Nafion\uffe2\uff84\uffa2 resin pellets and size filtration. Chemical processing altered the surface chemistry of Nafion\uffe2\uff84\uffa2 particles and facilitated nutrient binding by titration of a defined liquid culture medium. Metabolic profiling determined non-metabolisable sugars and provided an inert refractive index matching substrate, which was added to the final nutrient titration. Inoculation and growth of the test strain allowed for downstream assessment of colonisation behaviours and community dynamicsin situby, for example, optical microscopy.