{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-18", "title": "The influence of tree and soil management on soil organic carbon stock and pools in dehesa systems", "description": "Open AccessThis work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. 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G\u00f3mez,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-31", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Root Distribution In A Temperate Arable Agroforestry System", "description": "To determine, for arable land in a temperate area, the effect of tree establishment and intercropping treatments, on the distribution of roots and soil organic carbon to a depth of 1.5\u00a0m. A poplar (Populus sp.) silvoarable agroforestry experiment including arable controls was established on arable land in lowland England in 1992. The trees were intercropped with an arable rotation or bare fallow for the first 11\u00a0years, thereafter grass was allowed to establish. Coarse and fine root distributions (to depths of up to 1.5\u00a0m and up to 5\u00a0m from the trees) were measured in 1996, 2003, and 2011. The amount and type of soil carbon to 1.5\u00a0m depth was also measured in 2011. The trees, initially surrounded by arable crops rather than fallow, had a deeper coarse root distribution with less lateral expansion. In 2011, the combined length of tree and understorey vegetation roots was greater in the agroforestry treatments than the control, at depths below 0.9\u00a0m. Between 0 and 1.5\u00a0m depth, the fine root carbon in the agroforestry treatment (2.56\u00a0t\u00a0ha-1) was 79% greater than that in the control (1.43\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121). Although the soil organic carbon in the top 0.6\u00a0m under the trees (161\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121) was greater than in the control (142\u00a0t\u00a0C ha\u22121), a tendency for smaller soil carbon levels beneath the trees at lower depths, meant that there was no overall tree effect when a 1.5\u00a0m soil depth was considered. From a limited sample, there was no tree effect on the proportion of recalcitrant soil organic carbon. The observed decline in soil carbon beneath the trees at soil depths greater than 60\u00a0cm, if observed elsewhere, has important implication for assessments of the role of afforestation and agroforestry in sequestering carbon.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Carbon fractions", "Populus", "550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agroforestry", "15. 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The first area was a pastured dehesa (P) with young Holm oaks, planted in 1995 (70 trees ha\u22121, 12 m \u00d7 12 m) and, since 2000, grazed by sheep (3 sheep ha\u22121) with an average period of grazing of six months a year. Prior to this it was managed in the same way as the second adjacent area. The second area was a cropped dehesa (C) with widely spaced mature Holm oak (14 trees in a 12-ha dehesa), on which a mixture of vetch and oats was cultivated every three years and tilled with a chisel plough. After 22 years both dehesas showed similar SOC stock distribution amongst areas with different soil management, with approximately 40 t ha\u22121 in the top 100 cm of the soil. The P dehesa only showed higher SOC stock than the C dehesa on the surface 0\u20132 cm (5.86 \u00b1 0.56 t ha-1vs 3.24 \u00b1 0.37 t ha\u22121). The influence of the trees, increasing SOC concentration and content when compared to the area outside the canopy projection, was only detected under the mature trees in the C dehesa. In the area outside the tree canopy, both systems showed a similar distribution of soil organic carbon among their different fractions, with the unprotected fraction being the dominant one, followed by the physically and chemically protected fractions. In the C dehesa, the mature trees\u2019 presence significantly modified the distribution of soil organic carbon in their surroundings, increasing the relevance of the unprotected fraction. The distribution of soil organic carbon in the unprotected and physically and chemically protected fractions were strongly correlated to the overall organic carbon concentration in the soil, indicating the rapid response of these three fractions to management, with the biochemically protected fraction showing no correlation, suggesting a high resilience to the changes in carbon budget. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. 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