{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:51Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9plication pour\u00a0: Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France", "description": "These data concern the study 'Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France' Karimi B, Terrat S, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Horrigue W, Leli\u00e8vre M, Nowak V, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Bispo A, Maron PA, Bour\u00e9 NCP, Ranjard L. Sci Adv. 2018 Jul 4;4(7):eaat1808. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1808 and is based on data from the RMQS program (French Soil Quality Monitoring Network). The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site. These soil analyses were carried out by the Soil Analysis Laboratory of INRAE (Arras, France). The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009 and the second campaign has begun in 2016. At each site, 25 core samples were taken by layer with an auger within a 20 m \u00d7 20 m plot and combined into a composite sample. Analyses used in this study only concern the surface layer (generally 0\u201330 cm layer) of samplings from the first campaign in metropolitan France. The dataset published contains all the raw data used in the statistical analysis in order to make them available for any further study. The table contains soil properties, observations on land use, and coordinates. We warn the user that coordinates published here are not the right coordinates, the RMQS site can be located until 1 km around this point. Real coordinates can not be made publicly available because of confidential information.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "silt", "Earth and Environmental Science", "cation exchange capacity", "Evapotranspiration", "Soils and soil sciences", "pH", "land use", "clay", "sand", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil", "air temperature", "soil organic carbon", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "calcium carbonate", "phosphorus content", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences", "altitude"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas, Boulonne, Line, Rati\u00e9, C\u00e9line, Arrouays, Dominique, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Bispo, Antonio, Jolivet, Claudy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-27", "title": "Response Of Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization In Typical Karst Soils Following The Addition Of 14c-Labeled Rice Straw And Caco3", "description": "Abstract<p>BACKGROUND: Organic substrates and calcium are important factors controlling organic matter turnover in Karst soils. To understand their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization, an incubation experiment was conducted involving a control treatment (CK), the addition of a 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw (T1), CaCO3 (T2), and both 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw and CaCO3 (T3) to two types of Karst soils (terra fusca and rendzina) and a red soil from southwestern China.</p><p>RESULTS: Cumulative mineralization of the rice straw over 100 days in rendzina (22.96 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and terra fusca (23.19 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) was higher than in the red soil (15.48 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921; P &lt; 0.05). Cumulative mineralization of native SOC decreased following addition of 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled rice straw in the rendzina and terra fusca but increased in the red soil (negative and positive priming effects on native SOC). The turnover times of 14C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled microbial biomass C (MBC) in the red soil, terra fusca and rendzina were 71 \uffc2\uffb1 2, 243 \uffc2\uffb1 20 and 254 \uffc2\uffb1 45 days, respectively. By adding CaCO3, the accumulation of SOC was greater in the Karst soils than in the red soil.</p><p>CONCLUSION: Although the interactions between rice straw decomposition and priming effects on native SOC are not yet understood, there was considerable variation between Karst and red soils. Soil calcium was a positive factor in maintaining SOC stability. MBC from rice straws was stable in terra fusca and rendzina, whereas it was active in the red soil. The Karst soils (terra fusca and rendzina) used in this study benefited SOC accumulation. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2011 Society of Chemical Industry</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Carbon Isotopes", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Calcium", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Soil Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Carbon Cycle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4647"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4647", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4647"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-18", "title": "Dynamics of nitrous oxide with depth in groundwater: Insights from ambient groundwater and laboratory incubation experiments (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Aquifers under agricultural areas are considered to be an indirect source of nitrous oxide emission (N2O) to the atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas (GHGs) characterized with the highest global warning potential and acts as a stratospheric ozone depletion agent. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the aquifer is controlled by overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The current study aims to obtain better insight concerning the factors controlling the distribution of N2O concentration along a vertical dimension in the aquifer, and to capture and quantify the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes in the groundwater system. Low-flow groundwater sampling technique was undertaken at different depths in the aquifer to collect groundwater samples aiming at obtaining information about ambient aquifer hydrogeochemical conditions and their effect on the accumulation of GHGs. Afterwards, laboratory stable isotope experiments, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope, were applied to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Ambient studies suggest that the occurrence of N transformation was related to denitrification while laboratory incubation experiments did not detect it. Such controversial results might be explained by the discrepancy between real aquifer conditions and lab design studies. Thus, additional in situ tracer experiments should be carried out in areas where natural groundwater fluxes do not flush the injected tracer too rapidly. In addition, it would be useful to conduct microbiological studies to obtain better insight into the nature of subsurface biofilm biotope.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous Oxide", "N stable isotope analysis", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "Low-flow sampling", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Greenhouse gases", "Belgium", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Laboratories", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Contaminant%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-03", "title": "Changes In The Chemical Composition Of An Acidic Soil Treated With Marble Quarry And Marble Cutting Wastes", "description": "Soil acidity greatly affects the availability of plant nutrients. The level of soil acidity can be adjusted by treating the soil with certain additives. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of marble quarry waste (MQW) and marble cutting waste (MCW) on the chemical composition and the acidity of a soil. Marble wastes at different rates were applied to an acid soil. Their effectiveness in neutralizing the soil pH was compared with that of agricultural lime. The changes in the chemical composition of the soil were also evaluated with column test at the end of a 75-day incubation period. The results indicated that the MQW and MCW applications significantly increased the soil pH (from 4.71 up to 6.54), the CaCO3 content (from 0.33% up to 0.75%), and the exchangeable Ca (from 14.79 cmol kg(-1) up to 21.18 cmol kg(-1)) and Na (from 0.57 cmol kg(-1) up to 1.07 cmol kg(-1)) contents, but decreased the exchangeable K (from 0.46 cmol kg(-1) down to 0.28 cmol kg(-1)), the plant-available P (from 25.56 mg L(-1) down to 16.62 mg L(-1)), and the extractable Fe (from 259.43 mg L(-1) down to 55.4 mg L(-1)), Cu (from 1.97 mg L(-1) down to 1.42 mg L(-1)), Mn (from 17.89 mg L(-1) down to 4.61 mg L(-1)) and Zn (from 7.88 mg L(-1) down to 1.56 mg L(-1)) contents. In addition, the Cd (from 0.060 mg L(-1) down to 0.046 mg L(-1)), Ni (from 0.337 mg L(-1) down to 0.092 mg L(-1)) and Pb (from 28.00 mg L(-1) down to 20.08 mg L(-1)) concentrations decreased upon the treatment of the soil with marble wastes.", "keywords": ["Soil", "13. Climate action", "Industrial Waste", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u00d6ZTA\u015e, Ta\u015fk\u0131n, AROL, AL\u0130 \u0130HSAN, KALKAN, Ekrem, Tozsin, G\u00fcl\u015fen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-30", "title": "Field Evaluation Of In Situ Remediation Of A Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Lime And Red-Mud", "description": "We evaluated the effectiveness of lime and red mud (by-product of aluminium manufacturing) to reduce metal availability to Festuca rubra and to allow re-vegetation on a highly contaminated brown-field site. Application of both lime and red mud (at 3 or 5%) increased soil pH and decreased metal availability. Festuca rubra failed to establish in the control plots, but grew to a near complete vegetative cover on the amended plots. The most effective treatment in decreasing grass metal concentrations in the first year was 5% red mud, but by year two all amendments were equally effective. In an additional pot experiment, P application in combination with red mud or lime decreased the Pb concentration, but not total uptake of Pb in Festuca rubra compared to red mud alone. The results show that both red mud and lime can be used to remediate a heavily contaminated acid soil to allow re-vegetation.", "keywords": ["Festuca", "Geologic Sediments", "Time Factors", "Lime", "Phosphate", "Phosphorus", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Heavy metals", "Metals", " Heavy", "Clay", "Soil Pollutants", "Aluminum Silicates", "In situ remediation", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "Red mud", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.03.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-25", "title": "Chemical and mineralogical analyses on stones from Sagunto Castle (Spain)", "description": "For the first time, an archaeometric study was carried out on the carbonate rock ashlars of the Sagunto Castle. The studied site is one of the most important and best preserved Spanish archaeological and architectural monuments, characterized by different construction phases from the Roman period to Modern Ages. Forty samples collected from thirteen different structures of Sagunto Castle and two quarries, located in the Sagunto's hill were used for comparative purposes. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine their mineralogical and elemental composition. The obtained data show similar chemical and mineralogical features between the rocks outcropping in the city quarries and some of those employed to build the structures, suggesting that rocks could have been used to build the structures from different periods along the centuries.", "keywords": ["Building stone; Chemistry; Fortress; Middle ages; Mineralogy; Remains; Roman period", "Building stone; Fortress; Remains; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Roman period; Middle ages", "archaeometrics; carbonate rock ashlars; X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry", "01 natural sciences", "0104 chemical sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unica.it/bitstream/11584/298931.2/3/Ramaciotti%20et%20al%202018_1-s2.0-S2352409X18307454-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.03.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Archaeological%20Science%3A%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.03.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.03.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.03.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:18:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-19", "title": "Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Semi-Arid Soils Amended With Biochar Alone Or Combined With Mineral And Organic Fertilizers", "description": "Semi-arid soils cover a significant area of Earth's land surface and typically contain large amounts of inorganic C. Determining the effects of biochar additions on CO2 emissions from semi-arid soils is therefore essential for evaluating the potential of biochar as a climate change mitigation strategy. Here, we measured the CO2 that evolved from semi-arid calcareous soils amended with biochar at rates of 0 and 20tha(-1) in a full factorial combination with three different fertilizers (mineral fertilizer, municipal solid waste compost, and sewage sludge) applied at four rates (equivalent to 0, 75, 150, and 225kg potentially available Nha(-1)) during 182 days of aerobic incubation. A double exponential model, which describes cumulative CO2 emissions from two active soil C compartments with different turnover rates (one relatively stable and the other more labile), was found to fit very well all the experimental datasets. In general, the organic fertilizers increased the size and decomposition rate of the stable and labile soil C pools. In contrast, biochar addition had no effects on any of the double exponential model parameters and did not interact with the effects ascribed to the type and rate of fertilizer. After 182 days of incubation, soil organic and microbial biomass C contents tended to increase with increasing the application rates of organic fertilizer, especially of compost, whereas increasing the rate of mineral fertilizer tended to suppress microbial biomass. Biochar was found to increase both organic and inorganic C contents in soil and not to interact with the effects of type and rate of fertilizer on C fractions. As a whole, our results suggest that the use of biochar as enhancer of semi-arid soils, either alone or combined with mineral and organic fertilizers, is unlikely to increase abiotic and biotic soil CO2 emissions.", "keywords": ["Bioqu\u00edmica", "Mineral fertilizer", "Carbonates", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "Inorganic C", "11. Sustainability", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Air Pollutants", "Minerals", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic amendment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.103"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-08", "title": "Long-Term Impact Of Conservation Tillage On Stratification Ratio Of Soil Organic Carbon And Loss Of Total And Active Caco3", "description": "Open Access8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, 26 references. Thanks are due to J. Rodr\u00edguez for help with soil sampling.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Semi-arid climate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic matter", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage systems", "Soil nutrients and carbonates"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/acs.est.4c09261", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-04", "title": "Geochemical Decoupling of Iron and Zinc during Transformation of Zn-Bearing Ferrihydrite in Reducing Sediments", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0013-936X", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "zinc carbonate", "Iron", "Mossbauer spectroscopy", "X-ray absorption spectroscopy", "mineral transformation; Mossbauer spectroscopy; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; environmental speciation; green rust; zinc sulfide; zinc carbonate", "Ferric Compounds", "Zinc", "Spectroscopy", " Mossbauer", "green rust", "X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy", "zinc sulfide", "Oxidation-Reduction", "mineral transformation", "environmental speciation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lefebvre, Pierre, Grigg, Andrew R. C., Kretzschmar, Ruben,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c09261"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c09261"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/acs.est.4c09261", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/acs.est.4c09261", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/acs.est.4c09261"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2021jf006064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-09", "title": "Controls on Physical and Chemical Denudation in a Mixed Carbonate\u2010Siliciclastic Orogen", "description": "Abstract<p>Mixed siliciclastic\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbonate active orogens are common on Earth's surface, yet most studies have focused on erosion and weathering in silicate\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich landscapes. Relative to purely siliciclastic landscapes, the response of erosion and weathering to uplift may differ in mixed\uffe2\uff80\uff90lithology regions. However, our knowledge of weathering and erosion in mixed carbonate\uffe2\uff80\uff90silicate lithologies is limited and, thus, so is our understanding of the mechanistic coupling between uplift, weathering, and the carbon cycle. Here, we partition denudation fluxes into erosion and weathering fluxes of carbonates and silicates in the Northern Apennines\uffe2\uff80\uff94a mixed carbonate\uffe2\uff80\uff90siliciclastic active orogen\uffe2\uff80\uff94using dissolved solutes, the carbonate sand fraction, and existing 10Be denudation rates. Erosion generally dominates total denudation fluxes relative to weathering by an order of magnitude. Carbonate and silicate contributions to erosion vary between lithologic units, but weathering fluxes are systematically dominated by carbonates. Silicate weathering may be kinetically limited, whereas carbonate weathering may be limited by acid supply. Carbonate re\uffe2\uff80\uff90precipitation estimated by comparing ion ratios (Sr, Ca, Na) from rivers and bedrock suggests that up to 90% of dissolved Ca2+ is lost from carbonate\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich catchments. Corresponding [Ca2+] estimates for the weathering zone are high, likely driven by high soil CO2 partial pressures (pCO2); however, re\uffe2\uff80\uff90equilibration with atmospheric pCO2 in rivers converts solutes back into grains that become part of the physical denudation flux. Weathering limits in this landscape therefore differ between the subsurface weathering zone and riverine exports, and our findings suggest that carbon cycle models may overestimate the sensitivity to erosion of solute exports (Ca2+ and HCO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92) derived from carbonate weathering.</p>", "keywords": ["mountain landscapes", "550", "Italy", "13. Climate action", "chemical Weathering; Italy; erosion; mountain landscapes; carbonate precipitation; lithology", "15. Life on land", "chemical Weathering", "erosion", "carbonate precipitation", "lithology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2021JF006064"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jf006064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Earth%20Surface", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2021jf006064", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2021jf006064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2021jf006064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2002gb001925", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-05-23", "title": "Effects Of Co2and Nutrient Availability On Mineral Weathering In Controlled Tree Growth Experiments", "description": "<p>We sought to determine the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on mineral weathering reactions in midlatitude carbonate\uffe2\uff80\uff90bearing forest soils of differing nutrient availability. Increased plant growth and soil respiration under elevated atmospheric CO2 suggest increased rates of carbon cycling, which may affect mineral weathering. A randomized complete block experiment was conducted, where aspen and maple saplings were grown in open top chambers under two levels of atmospheric CO2 and soil N. Soil solution chemistry and soil gas PCO2 profiles beneath aspen were collected from planting (1997) to harvest (1999). Carbonate mineral weathering products (Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92) dominated solutions, which were saturated with respect to calcite. Soil PCO2 values at 25 cm depth were 41% higher in high N soils, but CO2 treatment was not significant. An ANOVA model tested treatment effects on spring 1998 solution chemistry. CO2 treatment had a significant effect on DIC, which was 12% higher in elevated than ambient CO2 chambers. Little effect of CO2 treatment was observed in low N soils. In high N soils, solutions had higher concentrations of carbonate weathering products (DIC, 15%; HCO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92, 27%; Ca2+, 3%, not significant; Mg2+, 5%, not significant). Soil N availability had a significant, positive, effect on mean concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92, SO42\uffe2\uff88\uff92, and DOC. The soil N treatment difference in solutes may result from differences in PCO2 and, additionally, NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 from organic matter decomposition. Our results suggest that increased carbonate weathering may occur under increased atmospheric CO2 and in fertile soils.</p>", "keywords": ["DIC", "Mineral Weathering", "Geological Sciences", "Science", "Carbonates", "Elevated Carbon Dioxide", "DOC", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil Solution", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2002gb001925"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2002gb001925", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2002gb001925", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2002gb001925"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-022-24124-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-15", "title": "Microfluidic study in a meter-long reactive path reveals how the medium\u2019s structural heterogeneity shapes MICP-induced biocementation", "description": "Abstract<p>Microbially induced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation (MICP) is one of the major sustainable alternatives to the artificial cementation of granular media. MICP consists of injecting the soil with bacterial- and calcium-rich solutions sequentially to form calcite bonds among the soil particles that improve the strength and stiffness of soils. The performance of MICP is governed by the underlying microscale processes of bacterial growth, reactive transport of solutes, reaction rates, crystal nucleation and growth. However, the impact of pore-scale heterogeneity on these processes during MICP is not well understood. This paper sheds light on the effect of pore-scale heterogeneity on the spatiotemporal evolution of MICP, overall chemical reaction efficiency and permeability evolution by combining two meter-long microfluidic devices of identical dimensions and porosity with homogeneous and heterogeneous porous networks and real-time monitoring. The two chips received, in triplicate, MICP treatment with an imposed flow and the same initial conditions, while the inlet and outlet pressures were periodically monitored. This paper proposes a comprehensive workflow destined to detect bacteria and crystals from time-lapse microscopy data at multiple positions along a microfluidic replica of porous media treated with MICP. CaCO3 crystals were formed 1\uffc2\uffa0h after the introduction of the cementation solution (CS), and crystal growth was completed 12\uffc2\uffa0h later. The average crystal growth rate was overall higher in the heterogeneous porous medium, while it became slower after the first 3\uffc2\uffa0h of cementation injection. It was found that the average chemical reaction efficiency presented a peak of 34% at the middle of the chip and remained above 20% before the last 90\uffc2\uffa0mm of the reactive path for the heterogeneous porous network. The homogeneous porous medium presented an overall lower average reaction efficiency, which peaked at 27% 420\uffc2\uffa0mm downstream of the inlet and remained lower than 12% for the rest of the microfluidic channel. These different trends of chemical efficiency in the two networks are due to a higher number of crystals of higher average diameter in the heterogeneous medium than in the homogeneous porous medium. In the interval between 480 and 900\uffc2\uffa0mm, the number of crystals in the heterogeneous porous medium is more than double the number of crystals in the homogeneous porous medium. The average diameters of the crystals were 23\uffe2\uff80\uff9346\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm in the heterogeneous porous medium, compared to 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm in the homogeneous porous medium across the whole chip. The permeability of the heterogeneous porous medium was more affected than that of the homogeneous system, while the pressure sensors effectively captured a higher decrease in the permeability during the first two hours when crystals were formed and a less prominent decrease during the subsequent seeded growth of the existing crystals, as well as the nucleation and growth of new crystals.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Bacteria", "Science", "Q", "Microfluidics", "R", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Article", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Medicine", "Chemical Precipitation", "Porosity", "Chemical Precipitation; Microfluidics; Calcium Carbonate/chemistry; Porosity; Soil; Bacteria"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-24124-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24124-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-022-24124-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-022-24124-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-022-24124-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1039/d4em00363b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-25", "title": "Low molecular weight organic acids stabilise siderite against oxidation and influence the composition of iron (oxyhydr)oxide oxidation products", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Siderite is stabilised against oxidation in the presence of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids (LMWOAs) with implications for iron mineral transformations and therefore contaminant and nutrient cycling.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Molecular Weight", "570", "Chemistry", "Minerals", "550", "Models", " Chemical", "Carbonates", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Ferric Compounds", "Iron Compounds"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/EM/D4EM00363B"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d4em00363b"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%3A%20Processes%20%26amp%3B%20Impacts", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1039/d4em00363b", "name": "item", "description": "10.1039/d4em00363b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1039/d4em00363b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale", "description": "Abstract                <p>Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO2 release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China. We observe an overall decrease in SIC stocks in topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) (11.33\uffc2\uffa0g C m\uffe2\uff80\uff932 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) from the 1980s to the 2010s. Total SIC stocks have decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc8.99\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.24% (1.37\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.37\uffc2\uffa0Pg C). The average SIC losses across China (0.046 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and in cropland (0.016 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) account for \uffe2\uff88\uffbc17.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff9324.0% of the terrestrial C sink and 57.1% of the soil organic carbon sink in cropland, respectively. Nitrogen deposition and climate change have profound influences on SIC cycling. We estimate that \uffe2\uff88\uffbc19.12%\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.47% of SIC stocks will be further lost by 2100. The consumption of SIC may offset a large portion of global efforts aimed at ecosystem carbon sequestration, which emphasizes the importance of achieving a better understanding of the indirect coupling mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon cycling and of effective countermeasures to minimize SIC loss.</p", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Cartography", "China", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Carbonate", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "soil inorganic carbon stocks", "Soil pH", "Environmental science", "Carbon sink", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "carbonate", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Soil acidification", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Geography", "Soil Water Retention", "Life Sciences", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Soil carbon", "Chemistry", "Sink (geography)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil acidification", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwab120"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/National%20Science%20Review", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/nsr/nwab120"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.70041", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-28", "title": "Coupling Infrared Isotopic Gas Analysis and Thermal Ramped Analysis to Characterise Soil Organic and Inorganic Carbon", "description": "ABSTRACT                   <p>                     Studying the soil organic and inorganic carbon (SOC and SIC) dynamics is essential to assess the carbon (C) sequestration potential of calcareous soils. Isotopic signatures (\uffce\uffb4                     13                     C) are used to assess the C origin of SOC or SIC. However, as measuring SOC and SIC contents, measuring \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SOC                     and \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SIC                     on a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90pretreated aliquot remains a challenge. Thermal analyses, like the Rock\uffe2\uff80\uff90Eval (RE) analysis, are promising to quantify SOC and SIC in a single analysis, but, to our knowledge, no development was conducted to assess \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SOC                     and \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SIC                     . We coupled a RE device to an isotopic gas analyser (Picarro) to continuously measure \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     CO2                     and approach \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SOC                     and \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SIC                     . We hypothesised that different carbonate mineralogies and/or crystal sizes in SIC involve fluctuations of the \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     CO2                     . Two calcareous soils, a lithogenic (calcite) and a biogenic (snail shell) carbonate, and five calcite/shell mixes were analysed with the RE\uffe2\uff80\uff90Picarro setup. Two distinct \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     CO2                     values were obtained before and after 650\uffc2\uffb0C and were consistent with the \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SOC                     and \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SIC                     obtained by EA\uffe2\uff80\uff90IRMS. The fluctuations of \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     CO2                     above 650\uffc2\uffb0C were higher with calcite/shell mixes than with pure carbonates. A \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     CO2                     fluctuation &gt;\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.2\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 could be a pertinent indicator to detect mixes of carbonate with different \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C in soils. The RE\uffe2\uff80\uff90Picarro setup is promising to assess SOC and SIC contents, \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SOC                     and \uffce\uffb4                     13                     C                     SIC                     and detect mixes of carbonate with different origin on a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90pretreated aliquot. Development is needed (i) on more soil and carbonate samples and (ii) to improve the precision and accuracy of the RE\uffe2\uff80\uff90Picarro setup.                   </p", "keywords": ["Calcareous soils", "550", "Mediterranean soils", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Lithogenic carbonate", "Biogenic carbonate", "Isotopic signature"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70041"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.70041", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.70041", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.70041"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:51Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Analyses physico-chimiques des sites du R\u00e9seau de Mesures de la Qualit\u00e9 des Sols (RMQS) du territoire m\u00e9tropolitain pour la 1\u00e8re campagne (2000-2009), avec coordonn\u00e9es th\u00e9oriques", "description": "Le R\u00e9seau de mesures de la qualit\u00e9 des sols (RMQS) est un programme national d\u2019\u00e9valuation et de suivi \u00e0 long terme de la qualit\u00e9 des sols fran\u00e7ais. Ce r\u00e9seau repose sur le suivi de 2240 sites repr\u00e9sentatifs des sols fran\u00e7ais et de leurs occupations, r\u00e9partis sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire fran\u00e7ais (m\u00e9tropole et outre-mer) selon une grille syst\u00e9matique de 16 km de c\u00f4t\u00e9. Les sites recouvrent diverses occupations (grandes cultures, prairies permanentes, for\u00eats, vignes et vergers, milieux peu anthropis\u00e9s, parcs urbains). Des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques, chimiques et biologiques des sols sont mesur\u00e9es sur chaque site, par campagne. Ces analyses sont associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la recherche des facteurs explicatifs de la variabilit\u00e9 spatiale et temporelle des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des sols (variables biophysiques, sources de contamination, historique de l\u2019occupation et des pratiques de gestion de chaque site). La premi\u00e8re campagne de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement en m\u00e9tropole s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e de 2000 \u00e0 2009. Cette campagne, ax\u00e9e sur la contamination des sols, a permis de cartographier les principaux param\u00e8tres p\u00e9dologiques (28 variables) ainsi que les teneurs en 12 \u00e9l\u00e9ments traces m\u00e9talliques (ETM) en extraction totale ou partielle et 70 polluants organiques persistants. L\u2019ensemble des pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements, mesures et observations r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur chaque site durant cette campagne est d\u00e9taill\u00e9 dans le Manuel de la premi\u00e8re campagne du R\u00e9seau de Mesures de la Qualit\u00e9 des Sols . La deuxi\u00e8me campagne a d\u00e9marr\u00e9 en 2016 et devrait s\u2019\u00e9tendre sur 12 ans. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es fourni comprend les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019analyses issus de 2171 sites de m\u00e9tropole, r\u00e9partis sur 2146 cellules et correspondant \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re campagne RMQS (2000 -2009) et pour les param\u00e8tres suivants : granulom\u00e9trie 5 fractions, carbone et azote totaux, capacit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9change cationique et cations \u00e9changeables, calcaire total, pH eau, phosphore assimilable (P2O5), fer libre, \u00e9l\u00e9ments majeurs totaux et \u00e9l\u00e9ments traces m\u00e9talliques totaux et une partie des ETM en extraction partielle, conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique et \u00e9l\u00e9ments solubles \u00e0 l\u2019eau pour une s\u00e9lection de sites concern\u00e9s. Les analyses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur des \u00e9chantillons composites pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s \u00e0 la tari\u00e8re selon deux couches de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement (0-30 cm ou couche travaill\u00e9e en sol cultiv\u00e9, appel\u00e9e composite de surface ou composite 1 et la couche sous-jacente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 50 cm, appel\u00e9e composite de sub-surface ou composite 2). Chaque \u00e9chantillon composite a \u00e9t\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 \u00e0 partir du m\u00e9lange de 25 pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements individuels pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s sur une surface d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage de 400 m\u00b2 selon un plan d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage al\u00e9atoire stratifi\u00e9 (voir description dans le manuel du RMQS). Une troisi\u00e8me couche de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement issue d\u2019\u00e9chantillons composites a pu \u00eatre constitu\u00e9e en for\u00eat ou en prairie, \u00e0 partir des horizons holorganiques (correspondant aux horizons p\u00e9dologiques OF et OH) lorsque ces horizons \u00e9taient suffisamment \u00e9pais (au moins 1 cm) et continus sur la surface d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage. English version The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site, during the first campaign et presently on the second campaign. The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009. This campaign focused on soil contamination assessment and made it possible to map key soil parameters (28 variables) as well as 12 trace metal elements and 70 persistent organic pollutants. The sampling method, measurements and observations on each site are described in the \u201cRMQS guidelines\u201d1 (in French: \u201cmanuel du RMQS\u201d). The second campaign started in 2016 and should last 12 years. The dataset includes the results of soil analyses from 2171 sites, spread over 2146 cells and corresponding to the first RMQS campaign (2000-2009). Analysed parameters are particle size analysis (5 fractions), total carbon and nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations, total calcium carbonates, pH in water, available P2O5, free iron, total major elements and trace elements (total and partial extraction). The soil tests were carried out on composite samples collected with an auger at two sampling layers: 0-30 cm or cultivated layer named \u201cupper layer\u201d or \u201clayer 1\u201d and 30-50 cm named \u201csubsoil layer\u201d or \u201clayer 2\u201d. Each composite sample was made up of 25 individual sample cores taken on a sampling area of 400 m\u00b2, using an unaligned systematic sampling design (see description in the RMQS guidelines). In some cases a third layer was made up of holorganic layers in forests or meadows, corresponding to pedological horizons OF and OH, when these layers were sufficiently thick, (at least 1 cm) and continuous over the sampling area.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "sol", "pH du sol", "p\u00e9dologie (geosciences)", "TER sciences du sol", "capacit\u00e9 d \u00e9change cationique", "fer", "carbonate", "granulom\u00e9trie du sol", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique", "p\u00e9dologie geosciences", "carbone du sol", "phosphore du sol", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "azote du sol", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Association marnaise de d\u00e9veloppement agricole et viticole, Association pour la Relance Agronomique en Alsace (ARAA), Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture des Ardennes, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Aube, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture du Calvados, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Charente, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Charente-Maritime, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture du Cher, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Corr\u00e8ze, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la C\u00f4te d'Or, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Creuse, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture des Deux-S\u00e8vres, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Eure, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Eure-et-Loir, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Haute-Marne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Haute-Vienne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Indre, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Loire-Atlantique, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Mayenne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Manche, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Mayenne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Ni\u00e8vre, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Orne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Sa\u00f4ne-et-Loire, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Seine-et-Marne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Seine-Maritime, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Vend\u00e9e, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Vienne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Yonne, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Lorraine, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Picardie, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Poitou-Charentes, Conseil G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Mayenne, \u00c9cole nationale d'ing\u00e9nieurs des travaux agricoles de Bordeaux (ENITAB), EDIACARA, \u00c9tablissement national d'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Genevois-Gomendy-Sol et Environnement, Groupe R\u00e9gional Agronomie P\u00e9dologie Environnement (GRAPE Franche-Comt\u00e9), Institut Forestier National (IFN), Institut National d'Horticulture d'Angers (INH), Institut National Polytechnique - Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure d'Agronomie de Toulouse (INP-ENSAT), Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), SCITERRE, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du Canal de Provence et d'Am\u00e9nagement de la R\u00e9gion Proven\u00e7ale (SCP), Sol Info Rh\u00f4ne Alpes - Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes (SIRA),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/QSXKGA"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/QSXKGA"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1594/pangaea.351631", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:02Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Calcium carbonate content of sediment core SO79-167KG", "keywords": ["sediment rock", "Sonne", "1994", "Box corer (Reineck)", "DEPTH", "Earth System Research", "Box corer Reineck", "Element analysis (Klosa", " 1994)", "DEPTH", " sediment/rock", "Calcium carbonate", "Element analysis Klosa", "SO79"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Weber, Michael E, Wiedicke-Hombach, Michael, Riech, Volkher, Erlenkeuser, Helmut,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.351631"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1594/pangaea.351631", "name": "item", "description": "10.1594/pangaea.351631", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1594/pangaea.351631"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1594/pangaea.902194", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:02Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters", "description": "Open AccessSupplement to: Hatton, Jade Elizabeth; Hendry, Katharine R; Hawkings, Jonathan; Wadham, Jemma; Opfergelt, Sophie; Kohler, Tyler; Yde, Jacob; Stibal, Marek; \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub (2019): Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters: the role of the subglacial weathering in the silicon cycle. Proceedings of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 475(2228)", "keywords": ["Silicon", "water", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea (ICY-LAB)", "silicon particulate amorphous", "electrical", "Chloride", "Chloride anion", "Sodium cation", "Temperature", " water", "Sulfate anion", "Silicon", " particulate amorphous", "particulate amorphous", "silicon dissolved", "DATE TIME", "Bicarbonate ion", "Magnesium", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea ICY LAB", "Glacier", "Fluoride", "LONGITUDE", "Ratio", "Calcium cation", "Conductivity", "Potassium cation", "pH", "Multiple investigations", "Sodium", "Temperature", "Suspended particulate matter", "\u03b430Si", "\u03b430Si", " silicon dissolved", "Conductivity", " electrical", "Sulfate", "Bicarbonate", "DATE/TIME", "13. Climate action", "Earth System Research", "LATITUDE", "Potassium", "Calcium", "\u03b430Si", " silicon particulate amorphous", "Magnesium cation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hatton, Jade Elizabeth, Hendry, Katharine R, Hawkings, Jonathan, Wadham, Jemma, Opfergelt, Sophie, Kohler, Tyler, Yde, Jacob, Stibal, Marek, \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.902194"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1594/pangaea.902194", "name": "item", "description": "10.1594/pangaea.902194", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1594/pangaea.902194"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "76f1bae3-cee1-4bc7-98b2-beb036d88d2b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-173.2, -78.5], [-173.2, 80.0], [178.5, 80.0], [178.5, -78.5], [-173.2, -78.5]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2023-12-08T11:18:44", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "WoSIS snapshot - July 2016", "description": "The aim of the World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) is to serve quality-assessed, geo-referenced soil data (point, polygon, and grid) to the international community upon their standardisation and harmonisation. So far, the focus has been on developing procedures for legacy point data with special attention to the selection of soil analytical and physical properties considered in the GlobalSoilMap specifications (e.g. organic carbon, soil pH, soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), coarse fragments (\u2009greater than\u2009\u202f2\u202fmm), cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, bulk density, and water holding capacity). Profile data managed in WoSIS were contributed by a wide range of soil data providers; the data have been described, sampled, and analysed according to methods and standards in use in the originating countries. Hence, special attention was paid to measures for soil data quality and the standardisation of soil property definitions, soil property values, and soil analytical method descriptions.\n\nAt the time of writing, the full WoSIS database contained some 118\u202f400 unique shared soil profiles, of which some 96\u202f000 are geo-referenced within defined limits. In total, this corresponds with over 31 million soil records, of which some 20\u202f% have so far been quality-assessed and standardised using the sequential procedure discussed in this paper.\n\nThe number of measured data for each property varies between profiles and with depth, generally depending on the purpose of the initial studies. Overall, the data lineage strongly determined which data could be standardised with acceptable confidence in accord with WoSIS procedures, corresponding to over 4 million records for 94\u202f441 profiles.\n\nThe downloadable ZIP file has the data in TSV (tab separated values). It contains the following files:\n- ReadmeFirst_WoSIS_2016.pdf (148.1 KB)\n- wosis_201607_attributes.txt (4.1 KB)\n- wosis_201607_layers.txt (679.1 MB)\n- wosis_201607_profiles.txt (8.8 MB)\n\nCitation:\nBatjes NH, Ribeiro E, van Oostrum A, Leenaars J, and Mendes de Jesus J 2016. Standardised soil profile data for the world (WoSIS, July 2016 snapshot), doi:10.17027/isric-wdcsoils.20160003.\nThe dataset accompanies the following data paper: Batjes NH, Ribeiro E, van Oostrum A, Leenaars J, Hengl T, and Mendes de Jesus J 2017. WoSIS: Providing standardised soil profile data for the world, Earth System Science Data 9, 1-14, doi:10.5194/essd-9-1-2017.", "formats": [{"name": "Niels H. Batjes"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["bulk density", "cation exchange capacity", "soil classification", "coarse fragments", "clay", "effective cation exchange capacity", "electrical conductivity", "organic carbon", "pH", "sand", "silt", "calcium carbonate", "texture", "water retention", "soil profiles", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Ad van Oostrum", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Guest researcher", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eloi Ribeiro", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data infodesk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "denominator": "100000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wosis_snapshot/WoSIS_2016_July.zip", "name": "Download zip", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-1-2017", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/wosis_snapshot/wosis_snapshot.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "76f1bae3-cee1-4bc7-98b2-beb036d88d2b", "name": "item", "description": "76f1bae3-cee1-4bc7-98b2-beb036d88d2b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/76f1bae3-cee1-4bc7-98b2-beb036d88d2b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1918-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2013-02-12T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "ca880bd4-cff8-11e9-8046-0cc47adaa92c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-173.2, -78.5], [-173.2, 80.0], [178.5, 80.0], [178.5, -78.5], [-173.2, -78.5]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "license": "Licenced per profile, as specified by data provider and indicated in the data", "updated": "2023-12-08T11:13:11", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "WoSIS snapshot - September 2019", "description": "The World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) provides quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad scale levels. Since the release of the first \u2018WoSIS snapshot\u2019, in July 2016, many new soil data were shared with us, registered in the ISRIC data repository, and subsequently standardised in accordance with the licences specified by the data providers. Soil profile data managed in WoSIS were contributed by a wide range of data providers, therefore special attention was paid to measures for soil data quality and the standardisation of soil property definitions, soil property values (and units of measurement), and soil analytical method descriptions.\n\nWe presently consider the following soil chemical properties (organic carbon, total carbon, total carbonate equivalent, total Nitrogen, Phosphorus (extractable-P, total-P, and P-retention), soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, coarse fragments, and water retention), grouped according to analytical procedures (aggregates) that are operationally comparable.\n\nFurther, for each profile, we provide the original soil classification (FAO, WRB, USDA, and version) and horizon designations insofar as these have been specified in the source databases. Measures for geographical accuracy (i.e. location) of the point data as well as a first approximation for the uncertainty associated with the operationally defined analytical methods are presented, for possible consideration in digital soil mapping and subsequent earth system modelling.\n\nThe present snapshot, referred to as \u2018WoSIS snapshot - September 2019\u2019, comprises 196,498 geo-referenced profiles originating from 173 countries. They represent over 832 thousand soil layers (or horizons), and over 6 million records. The actual number of observations for each property varies (greatly) between pro\ufb01les and with depth, this generally depending on the objectives of the initial soil sampling programmes.\n\nThe downloadable ZIP file has the data in TSV (tab separated values) and GeoPackage format. It contains the following files:\n- ReadmeFirst_WoSIS_2019dec04.pdf (546.7 KB)\n- wosis_201909.gpkg (2.2 GB, same data as in the tsv)\n- wosis_201909_attributes.tsv (8.7 KB)\n- wosis_201909_layers_chemical.tsv (893.5 MB)\n- wosis_201909_layers_physical.tsv (890.7 MB)\n- wosis_201909_profiles.tsv (18.8 MB)\n\nTo read the data in R, please, uncompress the ZIP file and specify the uncompressed folder. Then use read_tsv to read the TSV files, specifying the data types for each column (c = character, i = integer, n = number, d = double, l = logical, f = factor, D = date, T = date time, t = time).\n\nsetwd(\"/YourFolder/WoSIS_2019_September/\")\nattributes = readr::read_tsv('wosis_201909_attributes.tsv', col_types='cccciicd')\nprofiles = readr::read_tsv('wosis_201909_profiles.tsv', col_types='icccdddiicccciccccicccc')\nchemical = readr::read_tsv('wosis_201909_layers_chemical.tsv', col_types='iiddclcdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccc')\nphysical = readr::read_tsv('wosis_201909_layers_physical.tsv', col_types='iiddclcdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccccdccccc')\n\nFor more detailed instructions on how to read the data with R, please visit https://www.isric.org/accessing-wosis-using-r.\n\nCitation:\nBatjes N.H, Ribeiro E, and van Oostrum A.J.M, 2019. Standardised soil profile data for the world (WoSIS snapshot - September 2019), https://doi.org/10.17027/isric-wdcsoils.20190901.\nThe dataset accompanies the following data paper: Batjes N.H., Ribeiro E., and van Oostrum A.J.M., 2019. Standardised soil profile data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot - 2019). Earth System Science Data, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-299-2020.", "formats": [{"name": "Niels H. Batjes"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["bulk density", "cation exchange capacity", "soil classification", "coarse fragments", "clay", "effective cation exchange capacity", "electrical conductivity", "organic carbon", "pH", "sand", "silt", "calcium carbonate", "texture", "water retention", "soil profiles", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Guest researcher", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Ad van Oostrum", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ad.vanoostrum@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eloi Ribeiro", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Geoinformatic", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["P.O. Box 47"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6708 PB", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data infodesk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "100000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wosis_snapshot/WoSIS_2019_September.zip", "name": "Download zip", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-299-2020", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/wosis_snapshot/wosis_snapshot_201909.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ca880bd4-cff8-11e9-8046-0cc47adaa92c", "name": "item", "description": "ca880bd4-cff8-11e9-8046-0cc47adaa92c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ca880bd4-cff8-11e9-8046-0cc47adaa92c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1918-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2016-07-05T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "e50f84e1-aa5b-49cb-bd6b-cd581232a2ec", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-173.2, -78.5], [-173.2, 80.0], [178.5, 80.0], [178.5, -78.5], [-173.2, -78.5]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "license": "Licenced per profile, as specified by data provider and indicated in the data (CC-BY or CC-BY-NC)", "updated": "2025-02-05T09:26:02", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "WoSIS snapshot - December 2023", "description": "ABSTRACT:\n\nThe World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) provides quality-assessed and standardized soil profile data to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad scale levels. Since the release of the \u2018WoSIS snapshot 2019\u2019 many new soil data were shared with us, registered in the ISRIC data repository, and subsequently standardized in accordance with the licenses specified by the data providers. The source data were contributed by a wide range of data providers, therefore special attention was paid to the standardization of soil property definitions, soil analytical procedures and soil property values (and units of measurement).\n\nWe presently consider the following soil chemical properties (organic carbon, total carbon, total carbonate equivalent, total Nitrogen, Phosphorus (extractable-P, total-P, and P-retention), soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, coarse fragments, and water retention), grouped according to analytical procedures (aggregates) that are operationally comparable.\n\nFor each profile we provide the original soil classification (FAO, WRB, USDA, and version) and horizon designations as far as these have been specified in the source databases. \n\nThree measures for 'fitness-for-intended-use' are provided: positional uncertainty (for site locations), time of sampling/description, and a first approximation for the uncertainty associated with the operationally defined analytical methods. These measures should be considered during digital soil mapping and subsequent earth system modelling that use the present set of soil data. \n\n\nDATA SET DESCRIPTION:\n\nThe 'WoSIS 2023 snapshot' comprises data for 228k profiles from 217k geo-referenced sites that originate from 174 countries. The profiles represent over 900k soil layers (or horizons) and over 6 million records. The actual number of measurements for each property varies (greatly) between pro\ufb01les and with depth, this generally depending on the objectives of the initial soil sampling programmes. \n\nThe data are provided in TSV (tab separated values) format and as GeoPackage. The zip-file (446 Mb) contains the following files: \n\n- Readme_WoSIS_202312_v2.pdf: Provides a short description of the dataset, file structure, column names, units and category values (this file is also available directly under 'online resources'). The pdf includes links to tutorials for downloading the TSV files into R respectively Excel. See also 'HOW TO READ TSV FILES INTO R AND PYTHON' in the next section. \n \n- wosis_202312_observations.tsv: This file lists the four to six letter codes for each observation, whether the observation is for a site/profile or layer (horizon), the unit of measurement and the number of profiles respectively layers represented in the snapshot. It also provides an estimate for the inferred accuracy for the laboratory measurements.\n\n- wosis_202312_sites.tsv: This file characterizes the site location where profiles were sampled.\n\n- wosis_2023112_profiles: Presents the unique profile ID (i.e. primary key), site_id, source of the data, country ISO code and name, positional uncertainty, latitude and longitude (WGS 1984), maximum depth of soil described and sampled, as well as information on the soil classification system and edition. Depending on the soil classification system used, the number of fields will vary .\n\n- wosis_202312_layers: This file characterises the layers (or horizons) per profile, and lists their upper and lower depths (cm). \n\n- wosis_202312_xxxx.tsv : This type of file presents results for each observation (e.g. \u201cxxxx\u201d = \u201cBDFIOD\u201d ), as defined under \u201ccode\u201d in file wosis_202312_observation.tsv. (e.g. wosis_202311_bdfiod.tsv). \n\n- wosis_202312.gpkg: Contains the above datafiles in GeoPackage format (which stores the files within an SQLite database).\n\n\nHOW TO READ TSV FILES INTO R  AND PYTHON:\n\nA) To read the data in R, please uncompress the ZIP file and specify the uncompressed folder. \n\nsetwd(\"/YourFolder/WoSIS_2023_December/\")       ## For example: setwd('D:/WoSIS_2023_December/')\n\nThen use read_tsv to read the TSV files, specifying the data types for each column (c = character, i = integer, n = number, d = double, l = logical, f = factor, D = date, T = date time, t = time).\n\nobservations = readr::read_tsv('wosis_202312_observations.tsv', col_types='cccciid')  \nobservations          ## show columns and first 10 rows    \n\nsites = readr::read_tsv('wosis_202312_sites.tsv', col_types='iddcccc')\nsites   \n\nprofiles = readr::read_tsv('wosis_202312_profiles.tsv', col_types='icciccddcccccciccccicccci')\nprofiles \n\nlayers = readr::read_tsv('wosis_202312_layers.tsv', col_types='iiciciiilcc')\nlayers  \n\n## Do this for each observation 'XXXX', e.g. file 'Wosis_202312_orgc.tsv':\norgc = readr::read_tsv('wosis_202312_orgc.tsv', col_types='iicciilccdccddccccc')   \norgc\n\n\nNote: One may also use the following R code (example is for file 'observations.tsv'):\nobservations <- read.table(\"wosis_202312_observations.tsv\",\n sep = \"\\t\",\n header = TRUE,\n quote = \"\",\n comment.char = \"\",\n stringsAsFactors = FALSE\n )\n\n\nB) To read the files into python first decompress the files to your selected folder.  Then in python: \n\n# import the required library\nimport pandas as pd\n\n# Read the observations data\nobservations = pd.read_csv(\"wosis_202312_observations.tsv\", sep=\"\\t\")\n    # print the data frame header and some rows\n      observations.head()\n\n# Read the sites data\nsites = pd.read_csv(\"wosis_202312_sites.tsv\", sep=\"\\t\")\n\n# Read the profiles data\nprofiles = pd.read_csv(\"wosis_202312_profiles.tsv\", sep=\"\\t\")\n\n# Read the layers data\nlayers = pd.read_csv(\"wosis_202312_layers.tsv\", sep=\"\\t\")\n\n# Read the soil property data, e.g. 'cfvo' (do this for each observation)\ncfvo = pd.read_csv(\"wosis_202312_cfvo.tsv\", sep=\"\\t\")\n\n\nCITATION:\nCalisto, L., de Sousa, L.M., Batjes, N.H., 2023. Standardised soil profile data for the world (WoSIS snapshot \u2013 December 2023), https://doi.org/10.17027/isric-wdcsoils-20231130\n\nSupplement to:\nBatjes N.H., Calisto, L. and de Sousa L.M., 2023. Providing quality-assessed and standardised soil data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2023). Earth System Science Data,  https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024.", "formats": [{"name": "TSV and Geopackage"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["bulk density", "cation exchange capacity", "soil classification", "coarse fragments", "clay", "effective cation exchange capacity", "electrical conductivity", "organic carbon", "pH", "sand", "silt", "calcium carbonate", "texture", "soil profiles", "water retention", "total nitrogen", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Luis Calisto", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Database expert", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "luis.calisto@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Luis M. de Sousa", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Geoinformatic", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "luis.deSousa@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["P.O. Box 47"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6708 PB", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data infodesk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "100000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wosis_snapshot/WoSIS_2023_December.zip", "name": "Download zipped dataset", "description": "Zip file with the WoSIS December 2023 snapshot", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024", "name": "Scientific paper", "description": "Goes to landing page for ESSD snapshot paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis", "name": "Project webpage (FAQ)", "description": "Provides answers to frequently asked questions about WoSIS", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/sites/default/files/Readme_WoSIS_202312.pdf", "name": "ReadMe file for 'wosis_snapshot_2023'", "description": "This pdf report describes the 'wosis snapshot 2023' dataset and includes links to guidelines on how to import the TSV files into R resp. Excel.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/sites/default/files/wosis_latest_2023may.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "e50f84e1-aa5b-49cb-bd6b-cd581232a2ec", "name": "item", "description": "e50f84e1-aa5b-49cb-bd6b-cd581232a2ec", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e50f84e1-aa5b-49cb-bd6b-cd581232a2ec"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1918-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.17221/879/2013-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Soil Chemical Properties As Affected By Tillage And Crop Rotation In A Long-Term Field Experiment", "description": "Long-term field experiments are important for explaining tillage and rotation effects on soil fertility and to develop sustainable nutrient management strategies. An experiment was established in 1996 in Raasdorf (Austria) on chernozem with four tillage treatments (mouldboard ploughing (MP); no-till; deep conservation tillage and shallow conservation tillage) and two crop rotations. Soil samples were taken in November 2003 from 10 cm soil layers down to 40 cm to assess the effects on pH, carbonate content (CaCO3), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (Nt), potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and plant-available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Soil pH and CaCO3 were not affected by soil tillage. SOC, Nt, PMN, P and K increased in the uppermost soil layer with reduced tillage intensity. SOC, Nt, P and K were more evenly distributed in MP whereas a generally higher decline downwards the soil profile was observed with lower tillage intensity. Lower tillage intensity resulted in a decrease of P and K in 30-40 cm. Rotation affected pH and K distribution in the soil whereas the other parameters were not affected.", "keywords": ["soil organic carbon", "2. Zero hunger", "carbonate", "ph", "potassium", "Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "phosphorus", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "SB1-1110"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/879/2013-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/879/2013-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/879/2013-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/879/2013-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/705672", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-04", "title": "Geochemical Decoupling of Iron and Zinc during Transformation of Zn-Bearing Ferrihydrite in Reducing Sediments", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0013-936X", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "zinc carbonate", "Iron", "Mossbauer spectroscopy", "X-ray absorption spectroscopy", "mineral transformation; Mossbauer spectroscopy; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; environmental speciation; green rust; zinc sulfide; zinc carbonate", "Ferric Compounds", "Zinc", "Spectroscopy", " Mossbauer", "green rust", "X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy", "zinc sulfide", "Oxidation-Reduction", "mineral transformation", "environmental speciation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.4c09261"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/705672"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/705672", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/705672", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/705672"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5880/gfz.4.6.2021.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:41Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Major element stream water chemistry, compiled 10Be erosion rates, and analyses of weathering across an erosion-rate gradient in in southern Taiwan.", "description": "This dataset was used to analyse the link between chemical weathering and erosion rates across the southern tip of Taiwan. The weathering of silicate minerals is a key component of Earth\u2019s long-term carbon cycle, and it stabilises Earth\u2019s climate by sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere \u2013 thereby balancing CO2-emissions from the mantle. Conversely, the weathering of accessory carbonate and sulphides acts as a CO2 source. Chemical weathering is fundamentally dependent on the exposure of fresh minerals by erosion. With these data we investigated the link between the exposure of rocks by erosion and the chemical weathering of silicates, carbonates, and sulphides across a landscape with a significant erosion-rate gradient and comparatively little variation in runoff and lithology. This dataset includes new major element chemistry and water isotopes of river waters collected from across the southern tip of Taiwan as well as associated topographic and lithologic data (tab 1 in the excel table). Moreover, the data include a compilation of published 10Be-derived erosion rates from a subset of the sampled rivers (tab 2 in the excel file) and available major element chemistry from hotsprings in the region (tab 3 in the excel file). Using a mixing model, we derived the cation contributions from silicate and carbonate weathering as well as from hotspring and cyclic sources. Further, we estimated the erosion rates for each sample from the compiled 10Be data and the steepness of river channels, and we estimated saturation and pH in the weathering zone. For more information please refer to the associated data description file and especially to Bufe et al. (2021).", "keywords": ["erosion rate", "major element chemistry", "water isotopes", "EARTH SCIENCE &gt; SOLID EARTH &gt; GEOCHEMISTRY &gt; GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES &gt; ISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS", "EARTH SCIENCE SOLID EARTH GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS PROCESSES FLUVIAL PROCESSES WEATHERING", "Taiwan", "hot springs", "15. Life on land", "EARTH SCIENCE &gt; SOLID EARTH &gt; GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES &gt; FLUVIAL PROCESSES &gt; WEATHERING", "rivers", "silicate and carbonate weathering", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "EARTH SCIENCE &gt; SOLID EARTH &gt; GEOCHEMISTRY &gt; GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES &gt; CHEMICAL WEATHERING", "EARTH SCIENCE SOLID EARTH GEOCHEMISTRY GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES ISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS", "EARTH SCIENCE SOLID EARTH GEOCHEMISTRY GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES CHEMICAL WEATHERING", "Natural Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bufe, Aaron, Hovius, Niels, Emberson, Robert, Rugenstein, Jeremy K. C. , Galy, Albert, Hassenruck-Gudipati, Hima J., Chang, Jui-Ming,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5880/gfz.4.6.2021.001"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5880/gfz.4.6.2021.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.5880/gfz.4.6.2021.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5880/gfz.4.6.2021.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.57745/2V46MF", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:38Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale d'Epoisses : Donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es dans le cadre des \u00e9tudes de sol du r\u00e9seau CAREX", "description": "Ces donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es pour la caract\u00e9risation des sols et de leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale INRAE d'Epoisse (commune de Breteni\u00e8re, C\u00f4te d'Or, France). L\u2019\u00e9tude a port\u00e9 sur 120 ha. Les donn\u00e9es contiennent des informations ponctuelles issues d\u2019observations et d\u2019analyses sur 92 sondages et 12 profils p\u00e9dologiques. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es contient \u00e9galement des donn\u00e9es surfaciques : r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9s \u00e9lectriques spatiales, carte des types de sols classifi\u00e9s par Unit\u00e9s Typologiques de Sols (UTS).", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "pH du sol", "structure du sol", "potentiel matriciel", "masse volumique du sol", "horizon", "type de sol", "carbonate", "granulometrie du sol", "carbone organique du sol", "propriet\u00e9s physico-chimiques du sol", "g\u00e9ologie", "azote total", "r\u00e9sisitivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique", "carte p\u00e9dologique", "r\u00e9tention hydrique du sol", "propriet\u00e9 hydrique du sol", "capacit\u00e9 au champ", "teneur en argile", "capacit\u00e9 d \u00e9change cationique", "carbone total", "hydromorphie", "point fl\u00e9trissement permanent", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "propriet\u00e9s physico chimiques du sol", "r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel p\u00e9dologique", "unit\u00e9 typologique de sol UTS", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "texture", "occupation du sol", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Seger, Maud, Girot, Ghislain, Mistou, Marie-No\u00ebl, Laloua, Didier, Le Lay, Christian, Gaillard, Herv\u00e9, Ubertosi, Marjorie, Coffin, Arnaud, Hugard, Rodolphe,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.57745/2V46MF"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.57745/2V46MF", "name": "item", "description": "10.57745/2V46MF", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.57745/2V46MF"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:38Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Unite Exp\u00e9rimentale RGCO de Ploudaniel  : Donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es dans le cadre des \u00e9tudes de sol du r\u00e9seau CAREX", "description": "Ces donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es pour la caract\u00e9risation des sols et de leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale INRAE RGCO de Ploudaniel. L\u2019\u00e9tude a port\u00e9 sur 67 ha. Les donn\u00e9es contiennent des informations ponctuelles issues d\u2019observations et d\u2019analyses sur 69 sondages et 14 profils p\u00e9dologiques. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es contient \u00e9galement des donn\u00e9es surfaciques : r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9s \u00e9lectriques spatiales, carte des types de sols classifi\u00e9s par Unit\u00e9s Typologiques de Sols (UTS).", "keywords": ["pH du sol", "structure du sol", "potentiel matriciel", "masse volumique du sol", "horizon", "type de sol", "carbonate", "carbone organique du sol", "propriet\u00e9s physico-chimiques du sol", "g\u00e9ologie", "phosphore du sol", "azote total", "point de fl\u00e9trissement permanent", "carte p\u00e9dologique", "r\u00e9tention hydrique du sol", "propriet\u00e9 hydrique du sol", "capacit\u00e9 au champ", "teneur en argile", "carbone total", "granulom\u00e9trie du sol", "hydromorphie", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel p\u00e9dologique", "unit\u00e9 typologique de sol UTS", "r\u00e9sisitivit\u00e9 \u00e9l\u00e9ctrique", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "texture", "occupation du sol"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mistou Marie-Noel, Girot Ghislain, Seger Maud, Laloua Didier, Le Lay Christian, Gaillard Herv\u00e9, Heller Renaud, Sherif Rehanna, Kermarrec Dominique, Levardois Kevin, Chauvin Jean-Eric,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.57745/HRCQL8"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "name": "item", "description": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.57745/HRCQL8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/VKYEDY", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:01Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-01-01", "title": "Replication data: CO2 venting in Rice at early and late season growth", "description": "Open AccessHere we tested the hypotheses: (a) CO2 venting mechanism is effective in relieving Zn stress only in soils whose Zn deficiency is linked to high organic matter content and strongly reducing conditions, and (b) Zn deficiency tolerant genotypes are better in venting out CO2 as a strategy for overcoming stress from bicarbonate toxicity.    Location: IRRI Screenhouse and Laboratory  Years: 2016", "keywords": ["Agricultural Sciences", "carbon dioxide venting", "bicarbonate toxicity", "zinc deficiency", "carbon dioxide", "Oryza sativa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Goloran, Johnvie", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/VKYEDY"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/VKYEDY", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/VKYEDY", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/VKYEDY"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2158/1353729", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-25", "title": "Chemical and mineralogical analyses on stones from Sagunto Castle (Spain)", "description": "For the first time, an archaeometric study was carried out on the carbonate rock ashlars of the Sagunto Castle. The studied site is one of the most important and best preserved Spanish archaeological and architectural monuments, characterized by different construction phases from the Roman period to Modern Ages. Forty samples collected from thirteen different structures of Sagunto Castle and two quarries, located in the Sagunto's hill were used for comparative purposes. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine their mineralogical and elemental composition. The obtained data show similar chemical and mineralogical features between the rocks outcropping in the city quarries and some of those employed to build the structures, suggesting that rocks could have been used to build the structures from different periods along the centuries.", "keywords": ["Building stone; Chemistry; Fortress; Middle ages; Mineralogy; Remains; Roman period", "Building stone; Fortress; Remains; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Roman period; Middle ages", "archaeometrics; carbonate rock ashlars; X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry", "01 natural sciences", "0104 chemical sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unica.it/bitstream/11584/298931.2/3/Ramaciotti%20et%20al%202018_1-s2.0-S2352409X18307454-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2158/1353729"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Archaeological%20Science%3A%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2158/1353729", "name": "item", "description": "2158/1353729", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2158/1353729"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/262547", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-18", "title": "Dynamics of nitrous oxide with depth in groundwater: Insights from ambient groundwater and laboratory incubation experiments (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Aquifers under agricultural areas are considered to be an indirect source of nitrous oxide emission (N2O) to the atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas (GHGs) characterized with the highest global warning potential and acts as a stratospheric ozone depletion agent. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the aquifer is controlled by overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The current study aims to obtain better insight concerning the factors controlling the distribution of N2O concentration along a vertical dimension in the aquifer, and to capture and quantify the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes in the groundwater system. Low-flow groundwater sampling technique was undertaken at different depths in the aquifer to collect groundwater samples aiming at obtaining information about ambient aquifer hydrogeochemical conditions and their effect on the accumulation of GHGs. Afterwards, laboratory stable isotope experiments, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope, were applied to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Ambient studies suggest that the occurrence of N transformation was related to denitrification while laboratory incubation experiments did not detect it. Such controversial results might be explained by the discrepancy between real aquifer conditions and lab design studies. Thus, additional in situ tracer experiments should be carried out in areas where natural groundwater fluxes do not flush the injected tracer too rapidly. In addition, it would be useful to conduct microbiological studies to obtain better insight into the nature of subsurface biofilm biotope.", "keywords": ["Sciences aquatiques & oc\u00e9anologie", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Nitrous Oxide", "01 natural sciences", "Low-flow sampling", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Calcium Carbonate", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Belgium", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Aquatic sciences & oceanology", "N stable isotope analysis", "Life sciences", "Nitrification", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Sciences du vivant", "Denitrification", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "Laboratories"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/262547/2/Dynamics%20of%20nitrous%20oxide%20with%20depth%20in%20groundwater%20insights%20from%20ambient%20groundwater.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/262547"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Contaminant%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/262547", "name": "item", "description": "2268/262547", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/262547"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "24bf52b6-568b-494f-ade8-e19a1947e4fe", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-54.52, 2.05], [-54.52, 51.15], [9.56, 51.15], [9.56, 2.05], [-54.52, 2.05]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "MensMeu"}], "scheme": "Source"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "France"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/country"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "calcium carbonate"}], "scheme": "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330883"}], "updated": "28-5-2015", "type": "Dataset", "created": "28-5-2015", "language": "fre", "title": "Cartogram of total limestone content", "description": "Map of the contents in total lime. The data come from the soil analysis results of the 2200 sites of the Soil Quality Measurement Network, during the first sampling campaign.", "formats": [{"name": "ogc:wms"}, {"name": "canonical"}], "keywords": ["soil degradation processes", "National", "MensMeu", "France", "calcium carbonate"], "contacts": [{"name": "Marion Bardy", "organization": "INRA InfoSol", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "infosol@orleans.inra.fr"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "France"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agroenvgeo.data.inra.fr/geoserver/gissol_rmqs/wms?", "name": "eneur_calc_tot_rmqs", "protocol": "ogc:wms", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://github.com/ejpsoil/ejpsoildatahub/tree/main/datasets/mensmeu/France/24bf52b6-568b-494f-ade8-e19a1947.yml", "name": "Source of the record", "protocol": "canonical", "rel": "canonical"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "24bf52b6-568b-494f-ade8-e19a1947e4fe", "name": "item", "description": "24bf52b6-568b-494f-ade8-e19a1947e4fe", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/24bf52b6-568b-494f-ade8-e19a1947e4fe"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "25d0cf4d-1865-4d2a-be32-40a1b2483936", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-9.8, 36.8], [-9.8, 42.2], [-6.1, 42.2], [-6.1, 36.8], [-9.8, 36.8]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Portugal"}], "scheme": "Place"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "Data coverage"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Raw data / Geochemical mapping"}], "scheme": "Database type"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "All contaminants (not specified)"}], "scheme": "Contaminants"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico - Marine, Environmental and Technology Center (MARETEC)"}], "scheme": "Organization"}], "license": "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "updated": "2025-05-07T12:34:51.172Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "InfoSolo Legacy Database", "description": "The current version includes harmonized soil data from a set of 9934 horizons/layers studied in 3461 soil profiles across the country between 1966 and 2014. Data on elemental concentrations, and other soil properties such as organic carbon content, pH, CEC, etc.\n\nDownloadable as an ArcGIS or QGIS file.", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["calcium", "calcium carbonate", "phosphorus", "cation exchange capacity", "magnesium", "nitrogen", "organic carbon", "potassium", "sodium", "bulk density", "soil depth", "pH", "texture", "water holding capacity", "soil profiles", "nutrients", "Existing database", "National data coverage", "Soil science", "Portugal", "National", "Raw data / Geochemical mapping", "All contaminants (not specified)", "Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico - Marine", " Environmental and Technology Center (MARETEC)"], "contacts": [{"name": "Maria da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Gon\u00e7alves", "organization": "National Institute of Agricultural and Veterinary Research (Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria)", "position": "Investigator", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "maria.goncalves@iniav.pt"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, Avenida Rep\u00fablica"], "city": "Oeiras", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "2784\u2011505", "country": "Portugal"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Tiago Ramos", "organization": "Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico - Marine, Environmental and Technology Center (MARETEC)", "position": "Investigator", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "tiagobramos@tecnico.ulisboa.pt"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Avenida Rovisco Pais, n\u00ba 1"], "city": "Lisbon", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "1049-001", "country": "Portugal"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "10000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/25d0cf4d-1865-4d2a-be32-40a1b2483936", "name": "INFOSOLO - Soil Profile Data for Portugal", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.07.020", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/external/PT-INFOSOLO.zip", "name": "Download zip", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/external/PT-INFOSOLO.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "25d0cf4d-1865-4d2a-be32-40a1b2483936", "name": "item", "description": "25d0cf4d-1865-4d2a-be32-40a1b2483936", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/25d0cf4d-1865-4d2a-be32-40a1b2483936"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1966-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-12-12T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "3132814296", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:15Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters", "description": "Open AccessSupplement to: Hatton, Jade Elizabeth; Hendry, Katharine R; Hawkings, Jonathan; Wadham, Jemma; Opfergelt, Sophie; Kohler, Tyler; Yde, Jacob; Stibal, Marek; \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub (2019): Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters: the role of the subglacial weathering in the silicon cycle. Proceedings of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 475(2228)", "keywords": ["Silicon", "water", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea (ICY-LAB)", "silicon particulate amorphous", "electrical", "Chloride", "Chloride anion", "Sodium cation", "Temperature", " water", "Sulfate anion", "Silicon", " particulate amorphous", "particulate amorphous", "silicon dissolved", "DATE TIME", "Bicarbonate ion", "Magnesium", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea ICY LAB", "Glacier", "Fluoride", "LONGITUDE", "Ratio", "Calcium cation", "Conductivity", "Potassium cation", "pH", "Multiple investigations", "Sodium", "Temperature", "Suspended particulate matter", "\u03b430Si", "\u03b430Si", " silicon dissolved", "Conductivity", " electrical", "Sulfate", "Bicarbonate", "DATE/TIME", "13. Climate action", "Earth System Research", "LATITUDE", "Potassium", "Calcium", "\u03b430Si", " silicon particulate amorphous", "Magnesium cation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hatton, Jade Elizabeth, Hendry, Katharine R, Hawkings, Jonathan, Wadham, Jemma, Opfergelt, Sophie, Kohler, Tyler, Yde, Jacob, Stibal, Marek, \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3132814296"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3132814296", "name": "item", "description": "3132814296", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3132814296"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3138664797", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-18", "title": "Dynamics of nitrous oxide with depth in groundwater: Insights from ambient groundwater and laboratory incubation experiments (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Aquifers under agricultural areas are considered to be an indirect source of nitrous oxide emission (N2O) to the atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas (GHGs) characterized with the highest global warning potential and acts as a stratospheric ozone depletion agent. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the aquifer is controlled by overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The current study aims to obtain better insight concerning the factors controlling the distribution of N2O concentration along a vertical dimension in the aquifer, and to capture and quantify the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes in the groundwater system. Low-flow groundwater sampling technique was undertaken at different depths in the aquifer to collect groundwater samples aiming at obtaining information about ambient aquifer hydrogeochemical conditions and their effect on the accumulation of GHGs. Afterwards, laboratory stable isotope experiments, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope, were applied to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Ambient studies suggest that the occurrence of N transformation was related to denitrification while laboratory incubation experiments did not detect it. Such controversial results might be explained by the discrepancy between real aquifer conditions and lab design studies. Thus, additional in situ tracer experiments should be carried out in areas where natural groundwater fluxes do not flush the injected tracer too rapidly. In addition, it would be useful to conduct microbiological studies to obtain better insight into the nature of subsurface biofilm biotope.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous Oxide", "N stable isotope analysis", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "Low-flow sampling", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Greenhouse gases", "Belgium", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Laboratories", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3138664797"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Contaminant%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3138664797", "name": "item", "description": "3138664797", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3138664797"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3178537690", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale", "description": "Abstract                <p>Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO2 release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China. We observe an overall decrease in SIC stocks in topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) (11.33\uffc2\uffa0g C m\uffe2\uff80\uff932 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) from the 1980s to the 2010s. Total SIC stocks have decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc8.99\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.24% (1.37\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.37\uffc2\uffa0Pg C). The average SIC losses across China (0.046 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and in cropland (0.016 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) account for \uffe2\uff88\uffbc17.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff9324.0% of the terrestrial C sink and 57.1% of the soil organic carbon sink in cropland, respectively. Nitrogen deposition and climate change have profound influences on SIC cycling. We estimate that \uffe2\uff88\uffbc19.12%\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.47% of SIC stocks will be further lost by 2100. The consumption of SIC may offset a large portion of global efforts aimed at ecosystem carbon sequestration, which emphasizes the importance of achieving a better understanding of the indirect coupling mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon cycling and of effective countermeasures to minimize SIC loss.</p", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Cartography", "China", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Carbonate", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "soil inorganic carbon stocks", "Soil pH", "Environmental science", "Carbon sink", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "carbonate", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Soil acidification", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Geography", "Soil Water Retention", "Life Sciences", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Soil carbon", "Chemistry", "Sink (geography)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil acidification", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3178537690"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/National%20Science%20Review", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3178537690", "name": "item", "description": "3178537690", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3178537690"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "480ace54-f743-4173-854c-35a020bc8170", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-173.2, -78.5], [-173.2, 80.0], [178.5, 80.0], [178.5, -78.5], [-173.2, -78.5]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "license": "Licenced per profile, as specified by data provider and indicated in the data", "updated": "2024-11-26T15:27:23", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "WoSIS latest - Calcium carbonate equivalent total", "description": "The content of carbonate in a liming material or calcareous soil calculated as if all of the carbonate is in the form of CaCO3 (in the fine earth fraction*); also known as inorganic carbon (g/kg).\n  \nWoSIS_latest is a 'dynamic dataset' that contains the most recent complement of quality-assessed and standardised soil data served from WoSIS (ISRIC World Soil Information Service). The source data were shared by a wide range of data providers (see: https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/wosis-contributing-institutions-and-experts).\n\nBeing dynamic, the contents of 'wosis_latest' will change once new point data are acquired, cleansed and standardised, additional soil properties are considered, and/or when possible amendments are required.\n\nStatic snapshots of 'wosis_latest' are released at irregular intervals for consistent citation purposes and to discuss methodological changes; the last snapshot is available at https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024.\n\nFor general information about WoSIS please see the FAQ-page at https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}, {"name": "OGC:WFS"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}], "keywords": ["calcium carbonate", "soil profiles", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Data infodesk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Luis Calisto", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Database Expert", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "luis.calisto@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Luis de Sousa", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "luis.deSousa@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "denominator": "100000"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.isric.org/mapserv?map=/map/wosis_latest.map", "name": ":wosis_latest_tceq", "description": "WoSIS latest - Calcium carbonate equivalent total", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.isric.org/mapserv?map=/map/wosis_latest.map", "name": "wosis_latest_tceq", "description": "WoSIS latest - Calcium carbonate equivalent total", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/480ace54-f743-4173-854c-35a020bc8170/attachments/WoSIS%20latest%20-%20Calcium%20carbonate%20equivalent%20total.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "480ace54-f743-4173-854c-35a020bc8170", "name": "item", "description": "480ace54-f743-4173-854c-35a020bc8170", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/480ace54-f743-4173-854c-35a020bc8170"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1918-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2013-02-12T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "PMC9666553", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-15", "title": "Microfluidic study in a meter-long reactive path reveals how the medium\u2019s structural heterogeneity shapes MICP-induced biocementation", "description": "Abstract<p>Microbially induced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation (MICP) is one of the major sustainable alternatives to the artificial cementation of granular media. MICP consists of injecting the soil with bacterial- and calcium-rich solutions sequentially to form calcite bonds among the soil particles that improve the strength and stiffness of soils. The performance of MICP is governed by the underlying microscale processes of bacterial growth, reactive transport of solutes, reaction rates, crystal nucleation and growth. However, the impact of pore-scale heterogeneity on these processes during MICP is not well understood. This paper sheds light on the effect of pore-scale heterogeneity on the spatiotemporal evolution of MICP, overall chemical reaction efficiency and permeability evolution by combining two meter-long microfluidic devices of identical dimensions and porosity with homogeneous and heterogeneous porous networks and real-time monitoring. The two chips received, in triplicate, MICP treatment with an imposed flow and the same initial conditions, while the inlet and outlet pressures were periodically monitored. This paper proposes a comprehensive workflow destined to detect bacteria and crystals from time-lapse microscopy data at multiple positions along a microfluidic replica of porous media treated with MICP. CaCO3 crystals were formed 1\uffc2\uffa0h after the introduction of the cementation solution (CS), and crystal growth was completed 12\uffc2\uffa0h later. The average crystal growth rate was overall higher in the heterogeneous porous medium, while it became slower after the first 3\uffc2\uffa0h of cementation injection. It was found that the average chemical reaction efficiency presented a peak of 34% at the middle of the chip and remained above 20% before the last 90\uffc2\uffa0mm of the reactive path for the heterogeneous porous network. The homogeneous porous medium presented an overall lower average reaction efficiency, which peaked at 27% 420\uffc2\uffa0mm downstream of the inlet and remained lower than 12% for the rest of the microfluidic channel. These different trends of chemical efficiency in the two networks are due to a higher number of crystals of higher average diameter in the heterogeneous medium than in the homogeneous porous medium. In the interval between 480 and 900\uffc2\uffa0mm, the number of crystals in the heterogeneous porous medium is more than double the number of crystals in the homogeneous porous medium. The average diameters of the crystals were 23\uffe2\uff80\uff9346\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm in the heterogeneous porous medium, compared to 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm in the homogeneous porous medium across the whole chip. The permeability of the heterogeneous porous medium was more affected than that of the homogeneous system, while the pressure sensors effectively captured a higher decrease in the permeability during the first two hours when crystals were formed and a less prominent decrease during the subsequent seeded growth of the existing crystals, as well as the nucleation and growth of new crystals.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Bacteria", "Science", "Q", "Microfluidics", "R", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Article", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Medicine", "Chemical Precipitation", "Porosity", "Chemical Precipitation; Microfluidics; Calcium Carbonate/chemistry; Porosity; Soil; Bacteria"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-24124-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC9666553"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC9666553", "name": "item", "description": "PMC9666553", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC9666553"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "Dirvo\u017eemio-karbonatingumas-ir-r\u016bg\u0161tingumas", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[21.06, 53.91], [21.06, 56.37], [26.59, 56.37], [26.59, 53.91], [21.06, 53.91]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "MensMeu"}], "scheme": "Source"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Lithuania"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/country"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "calcium carbonate"}], "scheme": "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330883"}], "license": "no conditions apply", "updated": "1-4-2011", "type": "Dataset", "created": "1-4-2011", "language": "lit", "title": "Soil carbonation and acidity", "description": "The National atlas of the Republic of Lithuania in digital format. Soil carbonate content and acidity", "formats": [{"name": "ogc:wms"}, {"name": "canonical"}], "keywords": ["soil type", "basic soil properties", "National", "MensMeu", "Lithuania", "calcium carbonate"], "contacts": [{"name": "J. Ma\u017evila", "organization": "Nacionalin\u0117 \u017eem\u0117s tarnyba prie \u017dem\u0117s \u016bkio ministerijos", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "e.indilaite@gis-centras.lt"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "Lithuania"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://192.168.166.27:8080/geoserver/Atlasas_Tema-2/wms?service=WMS&version=1.1.0&request=GetMap&layers=Atlasas_Tema-2:22_5", "name": "WMS", "protocol": "ogc:wms", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://github.com/ejpsoil/ejpsoildatahub/tree/main/datasets/mensmeu/Lithuania/Dirvozemio-karbonatingumas-ir-ru.yml", "name": "Source of the record", "protocol": "canonical", "rel": "canonical"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "Dirvo\u017eemio-karbonatingumas-ir-r\u016bg\u0161tingumas", "name": "item", "description": "Dirvo\u017eemio-karbonatingumas-ir-r\u016bg\u0161tingumas", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Dirvo\u017eemio-karbonatingumas-ir-r\u016bg\u0161tingumas"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "Karbonatgehalt-in-Oberb\u00f6den-\u00d6sterreichs", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.48, 46.43], [9.48, 49.04], [16.98, 49.04], [16.98, 46.43], [9.48, 46.43]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "MensMeu"}], "scheme": "Source"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Austria"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/country"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "calcium carbonate"}], "scheme": "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330883"}], "license": "filled online order form", "updated": "2004-01-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "01-01-2004", "language": "ger", "title": "Carbonate content in Austrian topsoils", "description": "Topsoil Carbonate content of Austria", "formats": [{"name": "application/xls"}, {"name": "application/pdf"}, {"name": "canonical"}], "keywords": ["soil type", "basic soil properties", "National", "MensMeu", "Austria", "calcium carbonate"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "umweltbundesamt enviroment agency Austria", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "boden@umweltbundesamt.at"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "Austria"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umweltthemen/boden/boris/boris-datenzugang", "name": "XLS", "protocol": "application/xls", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/themen/boden/boris/karbonatgehalt_referenzwerteband.pdf", "name": "PDF", "protocol": "application/pdf", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://github.com/ejpsoil/ejpsoildatahub/tree/main/datasets/mensmeu/Austria/Karbonatgehalt-in-Oberboden-Oste.yml", "name": "Source of the record", "protocol": "canonical", "rel": "canonical"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "Karbonatgehalt-in-Oberb\u00f6den-\u00d6sterreichs", "name": "item", "description": "Karbonatgehalt-in-Oberb\u00f6den-\u00d6sterreichs", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Karbonatgehalt-in-Oberb\u00f6den-\u00d6sterreichs"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "M\u00e9sztartalom", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "MensMeu"}], "scheme": "Source"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Hungary"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/country"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "calcium carbonate"}], "scheme": "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330883"}], "license": "no conditions apply", "updated": "2019-01-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-01-01", "language": "hun", "title": "Lime content", "description": "CaCO3 content (%) in soil in depths 0-5 cm, 5-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-60cm, 60-100 cm, 100-200 cm, 0-30 cm", "formats": [{"name": "ogc:wms"}, {"name": "image/jpg"}, {"name": "canonical"}], "keywords": ["soil type", "basic soil properties", "National", "MensMeu", "Hungary", "calcium carbonate"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": null, "position": null, "roles": ["distributor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://maps.rissac.hu:6443/arcgis/services/dosoremi_web_mercator2/MapServer/WmsServer?", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "L\u00e1szl\u00f3 P\u00e1sztor", "organization": "Institute for Soil Sciences,", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "pasztor@rissac.hu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "Hungary"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.rissac.hu:6443/arcgis/services/dosoremi_web_mercator2/MapServer/WMSServer", "name": "6,7,8", "protocol": "ogc:wms", "rel": null}, {"href": "http://dosoremi.hu/tablazat.html", "name": "JPG", "protocol": "image/jpg", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://github.com/ejpsoil/ejpsoildatahub/tree/main/datasets/mensmeu/Hungary/Mesztartalom-xtuuojio.yml", "name": "Source of the record", "protocol": "canonical", "rel": "canonical"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "M\u00e9sztartalom", "name": "item", "description": "M\u00e9sztartalom", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/M\u00e9sztartalom"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8824702", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale", "description": "Abstract                <p>Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO2 release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China. We observe an overall decrease in SIC stocks in topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) (11.33\uffc2\uffa0g C m\uffe2\uff80\uff932 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) from the 1980s to the 2010s. Total SIC stocks have decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc8.99\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.24% (1.37\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.37\uffc2\uffa0Pg C). The average SIC losses across China (0.046 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and in cropland (0.016 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) account for \uffe2\uff88\uffbc17.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff9324.0% of the terrestrial C sink and 57.1% of the soil organic carbon sink in cropland, respectively. Nitrogen deposition and climate change have profound influences on SIC cycling. We estimate that \uffe2\uff88\uffbc19.12%\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.47% of SIC stocks will be further lost by 2100. The consumption of SIC may offset a large portion of global efforts aimed at ecosystem carbon sequestration, which emphasizes the importance of achieving a better understanding of the indirect coupling mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon cycling and of effective countermeasures to minimize SIC loss.</p", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Cartography", "China", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Carbonate", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "soil inorganic carbon stocks", "Soil pH", "Environmental science", "Carbon sink", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "carbonate", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Soil acidification", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Geography", "Soil Water Retention", "Life Sciences", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Soil carbon", "Chemistry", "Sink (geography)", "13. 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These data were created as part of ZALF research activities\". Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF and Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. If access to actual data is requested, please contact the data owner/author because these underlay an embargo. Please cite as: Barkusky et al. 2018, LTFE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, Table \"Laboratory data (soil)\". 10.20387/BonaRes-BSVY-R418\n\nThis data/file was excluded from further dissemination and should no longer be used.", "updated": "2020-12-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-05-17", "language": "eng", "title": "Long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg from 1963 to 2009 - Laboratory data (soil)", "description": "This data/file has been withdrawn by the author and is no longer available for free reuse.\n\nAuthor's statement: The published LTE-data was withdrawn and replaced by an updated Version.The usability of the tables is enhanced and the experiment can be analyzed in the new Version as a single factorial experiment. The tables FAKTOR_1_STUFE and FAKTOR_2_STUFE were not longer necessary.\n\nTable with laboratory data of soil samples", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Landwirtschaft", "Langzeitversuch", "Laboruntersuchung", "Boden", "Soil analysis", "Field experimentation", "agriculture", "Soil analysis", "Soil analysis", "Elements", "Carbon", "Nitrogen", "Sulphur", "Phosphorus", "analysis", "composition", "aquaculture", "methodology", "Potassium", "Magnesium", "Manganese", "Lead", "Calcium", "Calcium carbonate", "Texture", "Sand", "silt", "Clay", "Ammonium", "Titanium", "Cadmium", "Ions", "Nitrates", "Copper", "Molybdenum", "Zinc", "Nitrates", "Dauerfeldversuch", "Dauerversuch", "Langzeitfeldversuch", "Langzeitversuch", "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch", "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch", "DFV", "DDV", "DV", "Long-Term Field Experiment", "Long-Term Experiment", "Long-Term Trial", "Long-Term Field Trial", "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment", "Long-Term Soil Experiment", "LTFE", "LTE", "LTSE", "Aqua regia"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data'  - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "AG - Versuchswesen Service Experimental Station M\u00fcncheberg", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Dietmar Barkusky", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ltfe-map.bonares.de/", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=9daca6bc-d1da-466d-bca4-b64c2b1ea116", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/v140_mun.PNG", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/05dda4f7-17f9-4b57-bf1d-21a51725eada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "9daca6bc-d1da-466d-bca4-b64c2b1ea116", "name": "item", "description": "9daca6bc-d1da-466d-bca4-b64c2b1ea116", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/9daca6bc-d1da-466d-bca4-b64c2b1ea116"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1963-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2009-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "e6621805-d558-43ce-931f-e6d13374ead3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[14.11, 52.51], [14.11, 52.52], [14.13, 52.52], [14.13, 52.51], [14.11, 52.51]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Landwirtschaft"}, {"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Laboruntersuchung"}, {"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil analysis"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Field experimentation"}, {"id": "agriculture"}, {"id": "Soil analysis"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil analysis"}, {"id": "Elements"}, {"id": "Carbon"}, {"id": "Nitrogen"}, {"id": "Sulphur"}, {"id": "Phosphorus"}, {"id": "analysis"}, {"id": "composition"}, {"id": "aquaculture"}, {"id": "methodology"}, {"id": "Potassium"}, {"id": "Magnesium"}, {"id": "Manganese"}, {"id": "Lead"}, {"id": "Calcium"}, {"id": "Calcium carbonate"}, {"id": "Texture"}, {"id": "Sand"}, {"id": "silt"}, {"id": "Clay"}, {"id": "Ammonium"}, {"id": "Titanium"}, {"id": "Cadmium"}, {"id": "Ions"}, {"id": "Nitrates"}, {"id": "Copper"}, {"id": "Molybdenum"}, {"id": "Zinc"}, {"id": "Nitrates"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Dauerfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch"}, {"id": "DFV"}, {"id": "DDV"}, {"id": "DV"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Soil Experiment"}, {"id": "LTFE"}, {"id": "LTE"}, {"id": "LTSE"}, {"id": "Aqua regia"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre (www.bonares.de). These data were created as part of ZALF research activities\". Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF and Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. If access to actual data is requested, please contact the data owner/author because these underlay an embargo. Please cite as: Barkusky et al. 2018, LTFE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, Table \"Laboratory data (soil)\". 10.20387/BonaRes-BSVY-R418 This data/file was excluded from further dissemination and should no longer be used. To cite the complete datacollection: Barkusky et al. (2021). LTE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, (Version 2.0). Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). DOI: 10.20387/bonares-8fhj-r52g To cite the individual table: Barkusky et al. (2021). LTE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, (Version 2.0). Table: V2_0_2012_BODENLABORWERTE. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). DOI: 10.20387/bonares-8fhj-r52g", "updated": "2021-05-03", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-05-17", "language": "eng", "title": "Long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg from (launched in 1963) - Laboratory data (soil)", "description": "Child table of long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg. \n\nTable with laboratory data of soil samples. General description about the V140 experiment can be found in the table V140 - Plots. More information about database schema, assorted literature overview, the detailed location plan, etc.can be found in the supplemental material.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Landwirtschaft", "Langzeitversuch", "Laboruntersuchung", "Boden", "Soil analysis", "Field experimentation", "agriculture", "Soil analysis", "Soil analysis", "Elements", "Carbon", "Nitrogen", "Sulphur", "Phosphorus", "analysis", "composition", "aquaculture", "methodology", "Potassium", "Magnesium", "Manganese", "Lead", "Calcium", "Calcium carbonate", "Texture", "Sand", "silt", "Clay", "Ammonium", "Titanium", "Cadmium", "Ions", "Nitrates", "Copper", "Molybdenum", "Zinc", "Nitrates", "Dauerfeldversuch", "Dauerversuch", "Langzeitfeldversuch", "Langzeitversuch", "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch", "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch", "DFV", "DDV", "DV", "Long-Term Field Experiment", "Long-Term Experiment", "Long-Term Trial", "Long-Term Field Trial", "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment", "Long-Term Soil Experiment", "LTFE", "LTE", "LTSE", "Aqua regia"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Experimental Station M\u00fcncheberg (Service)", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Experimental Infrastructure Platform", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Dietmar Barkusky", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ltfe-map.bonares.de/", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=e6621805-d558-43ce-931f-e6d13374ead3", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/v140_mun_v2.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e1562f46-4a0d-4d8a-ac13-44cb47366e36", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "e6621805-d558-43ce-931f-e6d13374ead3", "name": "item", "description": "e6621805-d558-43ce-931f-e6d13374ead3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e6621805-d558-43ce-931f-e6d13374ead3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1963-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2012-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "asaseandtetteh,2015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:34:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "description": "<p> It has been established that H+ secretion can be maintained in frog stomach in the absence of exogenous CO2 by using a nutrient bathing fluid containing 25 mM H2PO4 (pH approximately equal to 4.5) or by lowering the pH of a nonbuffered nutrient solution to about 3.0-3.6. Exogenous CO2 in the presence of these nutrient solutions uniformly caused a marked decrease in H+ secretion, PD, adn short-circuit current (Isc) and an increase in transmucosal resistance (R). Elevation of nutrient [k+] to 83 mM reduced R significantly but transiently without change in H+ when nutrient pH less than 5.0, whereas R returned to base line and H+ increased when nutrient pH greater than 5.0. Acidification of the nutrient medium in the presence of exogenous CO2 results in inhibition of the secretory pump, probably by decreasing intracellular pH, and also interferes with conductance at the nutrient membrane. Removal of exogenous CO2 from standard bicarbonate nutrient solution reduced by 50% the H+, PD, and Isc without change in R; K+-free nutrient solutions reverse these changes in Isc and PD but not in H+. The dropping PD and rising R induced by K+-free nutrient solutions in 5% CO2 - 95% O2 are returned toward normal by 100% O2. Our findings support an important role for exogenous CO2 in maintaining normal acid-base balance in frog mucosa by acting as an acidifying agent. </p>", "keywords": ["Acid-Base Equilibrium", "0301 basic medicine", "Rana catesbeiana", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Phosphates", "Electrophysiology", "Solutions", "Bicarbonates", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Gastric Mucosa", "Potassium", "Animals", "Anura"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William Silen, JG Forte, T E Machen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/asaseandtetteh,2015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Physiology-Legacy%20Content", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "asaseandtetteh,2015", "name": "item", "description": "asaseandtetteh,2015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/asaseandtetteh,2015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1975-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "bloszies,2016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:34:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "description": "<p> Effects of sodium nitrate were compared with sodium chloride loading on transport of electrolytes by the nephron. Maximal levels of free water clearance/clomerular filtration rate (CH2O/GFR) averaged 8.4% with nitrate loading and 14.4% with saline loading. Since ethacrynic acid and chlorothiazide exert their major natriuretic effect in the distal nephron, the increment in Na ad Cl reabsorbed beyond the proximal tubule. The administration of these agents resulted in an increase in fractional sodium excretion (CNa/GFR) of 21.1%, urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) of 1,126 mueq/min, and urinary chloride excretion (UClV) of 848 mueq/min during nitrate loading compared with an increase in CNa/GFR of 37.6%, UNaV of 2,362 mueq/min, and UClV of 2,397 mueq/min during saline loading. The smaller diuretic-induced increment in Na and Cl excretion in the nitrate studies suggests, as do the hydrated studies, that less Cl and Na are reabsorbed in the distal nephron during nitrate than saline loading. At every level of UNaV, fractional bicarbonate reabsorption was higher, urine pH was lower, and urinary potassium excretion (UKV) was higher in the nitrate studies. Thus, compared with saline loading, sodium nitrate decreases chloride and sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron. The higher hydrogen and potassium secretion in the nitrate studies may be consequent to the decreased ability of the distal nephron to reabsorb chloride. </p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Nitrates", "Sodium", "Biological Transport", "Chlorothiazide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Sodium Chloride", "Urine", "6. Clean water", "Diuresis", "3. Good health", "Bicarbonates", "Electrolytes", "03 medical and health sciences", "Dogs", "Ethacrynic Acid", "Kidney Tubules", "Chlorides", "Potassium", "Animals", "Glomerular Filtration Rate"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Marvin F. Levitt, T Kahn, J. P. Bosch, MH Goldstein,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/bloszies,2016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Physiology-Legacy%20Content", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "bloszies,2016", "name": "item", "description": "bloszies,2016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/bloszies,2016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1975-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "bravomartinez,2015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:34:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "description": "<p> It has been established that H+ secretion can be maintained in frog stomach in the absence of exogenous CO2 by using a nutrient bathing fluid containing 25 mM H2PO4 (pH approximately equal to 4.5) or by lowering the pH of a nonbuffered nutrient solution to about 3.0-3.6. Exogenous CO2 in the presence of these nutrient solutions uniformly caused a marked decrease in H+ secretion, PD, adn short-circuit current (Isc) and an increase in transmucosal resistance (R). Elevation of nutrient [k+] to 83 mM reduced R significantly but transiently without change in H+ when nutrient pH less than 5.0, whereas R returned to base line and H+ increased when nutrient pH greater than 5.0. Acidification of the nutrient medium in the presence of exogenous CO2 results in inhibition of the secretory pump, probably by decreasing intracellular pH, and also interferes with conductance at the nutrient membrane. Removal of exogenous CO2 from standard bicarbonate nutrient solution reduced by 50% the H+, PD, and Isc without change in R; K+-free nutrient solutions reverse these changes in Isc and PD but not in H+. The dropping PD and rising R induced by K+-free nutrient solutions in 5% CO2 - 95% O2 are returned toward normal by 100% O2. Our findings support an important role for exogenous CO2 in maintaining normal acid-base balance in frog mucosa by acting as an acidifying agent. </p>", "keywords": ["Acid-Base Equilibrium", "0301 basic medicine", "Rana catesbeiana", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Phosphates", "Electrophysiology", "Solutions", "Bicarbonates", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Gastric Mucosa", "Potassium", "Animals", "Anura"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William Silen, JG Forte, T E Machen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/bravomartinez,2015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Physiology-Legacy%20Content", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "bravomartinez,2015", "name": "item", "description": "bravomartinez,2015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/bravomartinez,2015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1975-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "cao,2013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:35:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-06", "description": "We conducted a controlled, prospective trial to evaluate the effectiveness of rapidly infusing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and salt-poor albumin into high-risk, premature infants in the first 2 hours of life. Fifty-three infants, randomized into one of four treatment groups, received 8 ml. per kilogram of a solution containing either (A) glucose in water, (B) salt-poor albumin, (C) NaHCO3, or (D) a combination of albumin and NaHCO3. After the initial infusion, the babies received no colloid or alkali solutions until 4 hours of age. We managed them supportively with warmth, appropriate oxygen administration, isotonic fluid infusion, and close monitoring. Among the infants who received alkali, 14 of 26 acquired the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 11 died, and four had intracranial hemorrhage. Among babies who received no alkali, RDS occurred in 11 of 27, 5 died, and none had intracranial hemorrhage. These results do not support the common practice of rapidly infusing NaHCO3 into high-risk, premature infants, and they suggest that the early management of such infants needs renewed critical evaluation.", "keywords": ["Male", "Respiratory Distress Syndrome", " Newborn", "Time Factors", "Sodium", "Infant", " Newborn", "Infant", " Premature", " Diseases", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Hawaii", "3. Good health", "Bicarbonates", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Albumins", "Humans", "Female", "Infusions", " Parenteral", "Prospective Studies", "Acidosis", "Cerebral Hemorrhage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lewis B. Harden, T. L. Clarke, Richard D. Bland,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/cao,2013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Survey%20of%20Anesthesiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "cao,2013", "name": "item", "description": "cao,2013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/cao,2013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1976-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "cheneta.,2013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:35:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-06", "description": "We conducted a controlled, prospective trial to evaluate the effectiveness of rapidly infusing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and salt-poor albumin into high-risk, premature infants in the first 2 hours of life. Fifty-three infants, randomized into one of four treatment groups, received 8 ml. per kilogram of a solution containing either (A) glucose in water, (B) salt-poor albumin, (C) NaHCO3, or (D) a combination of albumin and NaHCO3. After the initial infusion, the babies received no colloid or alkali solutions until 4 hours of age. We managed them supportively with warmth, appropriate oxygen administration, isotonic fluid infusion, and close monitoring. Among the infants who received alkali, 14 of 26 acquired the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 11 died, and four had intracranial hemorrhage. Among babies who received no alkali, RDS occurred in 11 of 27, 5 died, and none had intracranial hemorrhage. These results do not support the common practice of rapidly infusing NaHCO3 into high-risk, premature infants, and they suggest that the early management of such infants needs renewed critical evaluation.", "keywords": ["Male", "Respiratory Distress Syndrome", " Newborn", "Time Factors", "Sodium", "Infant", " Newborn", "Infant", " Premature", " Diseases", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Hawaii", "3. Good health", "Bicarbonates", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Albumins", "Humans", "Female", "Infusions", " Parenteral", "Prospective Studies", "Acidosis", "Cerebral Hemorrhage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lewis B. Harden, T. L. Clarke, Richard D. Bland,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/cheneta.,2013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Survey%20of%20Anesthesiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "cheneta.,2013", "name": "item", "description": "cheneta.,2013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/cheneta.,2013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1976-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, 90.0], [180.0, 90.0], [180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, -90.0]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "license": "Attribution 3.0 International (CC BY 3.0)", "updated": "2025-04-10T12:01:26", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "WISE derived soil properties on a 30 by 30 arc-seconds global grid (WISE30sec)", "description": "This harmonized dataset of derived soil properties for the world (WISE30sec) is comprised of a soil-geographical and a soil attribute component. The GIS dataset was created using the soil map unit delineations of the broad scale Harmonised World Soil Database, version 1.21, with minor corrections, overlaid by a climate zones map (K\u00f6ppen-Geiger) as co-variate, and soil property estimates derived from analyses of the ISRIC-WISE soil profile database for the respective mapped \u2018soil/climate\u2019 combinations. \n\nThe dataset considers 20 soil properties that are commonly required for global agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil gaseous emissions, and analyses of global environmental change. It presents \u2018best\u2019 estimates for: organic carbon content, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, effective CEC, total exchangeable bases (TEB), base saturation, aluminium saturation, calcium carbonate content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity, particle size distribution (content of sand, silt and clay), proportion of coarse fragments (less than 2 mm), bulk density, and available water capacity (-33 to -1500 kPa); also the dominant soil drainage class. \n\nSoil property estimates are presented for fixed depth intervals of 20 cm up to a depth of 100 cm, respectively of 50 cm between 100 cm to 200 cm (or less when appropriate) for so-called \u2018synthetic\u2019 profiles\u2019 (as defined by their \u2018soil/climate\u2019 class). The respective soil property estimates were derived from statistical analyses of data for some 21,000 soil profiles managed in a working copy of the ISRIC-WISE database; this was done using an elaborate scheme of taxonomy-based transfer rules complemented with expert-rules that consider the \u2018in-pedon\u2019 consistency of the predictions. The type of rules used was flagged to provide an indication of the possible confidence (i.e. lineage) in the derived data.\n\nBest estimates for each attribute are given as means and standard deviations (STD), as calculated for the sample populations that remained upon application of a robust data outlier detection scheme. Results of the analyses can be linked to the spatial data through the unique map unit (grid cell) identifier, which is a combination of the soil unit and climate class code. Most map units are comprised of up to ten different components; each of these with their own range of derived soil properties and associated statistical uncertainties. \n\nEstimates of global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to 200 cm are presented in the technical documentation as an example of possible application.\n\nFor citation use:\nBatjes NH 2016. Harmonised soil property values for broad-scale modelling (WISE30sec) with estimates of global soil carbon stocks. Geoderma 2016(269), 61-68 ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.01.034 )\n\nNote: \nThe chemical and physical soil property estimates generated for WISE30sec have been used to populate version 2.0 of the Harmonised World Soil Database (see https://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/54aebf11-ec73-4ff8-bf6c-ecff4b0725ea).", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["organic carbon", "nitrogen", "pH", "cation exchange capacity", "effective cation exchange capacity", "exchangeable bases", "base saturation", "aluminium", "calcium carbonate", "gypsum", "sodium", "sand", "silt", "clay", "available water capacity", "bulk density", "coarse fragments", "drainage", "nutrients", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data infodesk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+31 317 483 735"}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "distancevalue": "30", "distanceuom": "arc-second"}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.isric.org/projects/world-inventory-soil-emission-potentials-wise", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/400244", "name": "Report", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wise/wise_30sec_v1.zip", "name": "WISE30sec", "description": "Dataset and GIS files", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wise/wise30sec_soc_gis_files.zip", "name": "WISE30sec_SOC_GIS_files", "description": "Dataset and SOC GIS layers. See ReadMe1st (ISRIC-WISE30sec-2022feb21.pdf)  for installation procedure, technical details and addendum with estimates for SiC and TotN stocks (App. 14.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/wise/wise_30sec_v1.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc", "name": "item", "description": "dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1950-02-01T00:00:00Z", "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "gonzalezalfaro,2015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:36:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "description": "<p> It has been established that H+ secretion can be maintained in frog stomach in the absence of exogenous CO2 by using a nutrient bathing fluid containing 25 mM H2PO4 (pH approximately equal to 4.5) or by lowering the pH of a nonbuffered nutrient solution to about 3.0-3.6. Exogenous CO2 in the presence of these nutrient solutions uniformly caused a marked decrease in H+ secretion, PD, adn short-circuit current (Isc) and an increase in transmucosal resistance (R). Elevation of nutrient [k+] to 83 mM reduced R significantly but transiently without change in H+ when nutrient pH less than 5.0, whereas R returned to base line and H+ increased when nutrient pH greater than 5.0. Acidification of the nutrient medium in the presence of exogenous CO2 results in inhibition of the secretory pump, probably by decreasing intracellular pH, and also interferes with conductance at the nutrient membrane. Removal of exogenous CO2 from standard bicarbonate nutrient solution reduced by 50% the H+, PD, and Isc without change in R; K+-free nutrient solutions reverse these changes in Isc and PD but not in H+. The dropping PD and rising R induced by K+-free nutrient solutions in 5% CO2 - 95% O2 are returned toward normal by 100% O2. Our findings support an important role for exogenous CO2 in maintaining normal acid-base balance in frog mucosa by acting as an acidifying agent. </p>", "keywords": ["Acid-Base Equilibrium", "0301 basic medicine", "Rana catesbeiana", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Phosphates", "Electrophysiology", "Solutions", "Bicarbonates", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "Gastric Mucosa", "Potassium", "Animals", "Anura"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William Silen, JG Forte, T E Machen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/gonzalezalfaro,2015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Physiology-Legacy%20Content", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "gonzalezalfaro,2015", "name": "item", "description": "gonzalezalfaro,2015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/gonzalezalfaro,2015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1975-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Carbonate&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Carbonate&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Carbonate&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Carbonate&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 86, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-26T19:18:54.752260Z"}