{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10261/179481", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:23:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-19", "title": "Molecular Fingerprinting of14C Dated Soil Organic Matter Fractions from Archaeological Settings in NW Spain", "description": "Abstract

This paper evaluates the complexities of radiocarbon (14C) dates from soil organic matter (SOM) in archaeological scenarios. The aqueous NaOH-insoluble residual SOM from Neolithic to medieval sites in NW Spain produced consistently older calibrated14C ages than NaOH-extractable SOM. Using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS), we analyzed the molecular composition of these SOM fractions, aiming to understand the differences in14C ages and to gain insight on SOM dynamics in relation to age fractionation. The molecular composition of the NaOH-extractable SOM, which accounts for roughly two-thirds of total SOM, has a larger proportion of microbial detritus than the NaOH-insoluble SOM. This might suggest that the discrepancies between the two fractions is due to microbial rejuvenation in the extractable fraction, leading to14C results that are younger than the activity that is to be dated. However, archaeological evidence presented here unambiguously shows that the14C age of the extractable SOM provides the more accurate age for the targeted activity, and that the insoluble fraction contains inherited old carbon. After statistical data evaluation using Partial Least Squares-Regression (PLS-R), it is concluded that this inherited SOM is a mixture of Black Carbon from wild and/or domestic fires and recalcitrant aliphatic SOM.We investigated how the legacy of warming and summer drought affected microbial communities in five different replicated long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (>10\uffc2\uffa0years) field experiments across Europe (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90FP7 INCREASE infrastructure). To focus explicitly on legacy effects (i.e., indirect rather than direct effects of the environmental factors), we measured microbial variables under the same moisture and temperature in a brief screening, and following a pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90incubation at stable conditions. Specifically, we investigated the size and composition of the soil microbial community (PLFA) alongside measurements of bacterial (leucine incorporation) and fungal (acetate in ergosterol incorporation) growth rates, previously shown to be highly responsive to changes in environmental factors, and microbial respiration. We found no legacy effects on the microbial community size, composition, growth rates, or basal respiration rates at the effect sizes used in our experimental setup (0.6\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C, about 30% precipitation reduction). Our findings support previous reports from single short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term ecosystem studies thereby providing a clear evidence base to allow long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, broad\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale generalizations to be made. The implication of our study is that warming and summer drought will not result in legacy effects on the microbial community and their processes within the effect sizes here studied. While legacy effects on microbial processes during perturbation cycles, such as drying\uffe2\uff80\uff93rewetting, and on tolerance to drought and warming remain to be studied, our results suggest that any effects on overall ecosystem processes will be rather limited. Thus, the legacies of warming and drought should not be prioritized factors to consider when modeling contemporary rates of biogeochemical processes in soil.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "Hot Temperature", "Bacteria", "soil C cycle", "Climate Change", "global climate change", "warming adaptation", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "6. Clean water", "ecosystem service", "Droughts", "Europe", "Leucine", "13. Climate action", "temperature acclimation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "Seasons", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Acetic Acid"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12338"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12338", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12338", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12338"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-10", "title": "Conversion Of Grassy Cerrado Into Riparian Forest And Its Impact On Soil Organic Matter Dynamics In An Oxisol From Southeast Brazil", "description": "Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible changes in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics after establishing riparian forests on soils previously under Brazilian savannah (\u201ccerrado\u201d). We selected a site with a homogeneous Typic Acric Red\u2013Yellow Latosol (Anionic Acrustox). Part of this site was maintained under native vegetation (grassy cerrado C 4 -dominated), and part was planted with riparian species (C 3 ) in 1992. Litter and soil samples were collected and analysed (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, \u03b4 13 C isotopic analysis, and SOM density fractionation). Due to the predominance of grasses, carbon input was mainly below ground in cerrado. In such a soil, the decomposition process was more efficient, and much C and N were transferred to the heavy fraction. When forest was planted, there was a change from belowground to aboveground litter input (largely superficial), leading to higher C and N stocks in the light and lower stocks in the heavy fraction (resulting in lower stocks for bulk soil). The introduction of the C 3 vegetation decreased the soil \u03b4 13 C signature. It has occurred particularly in the topsoil (0\u20135 cm) due to the deposition of C 3 litter on the soil surface. At the same time, the presence of cerrado-remaining C below 5 cm maintained higher \u03b4 13 C values in this layer. During the 8 years after forest plantation, the input mode influenced both the \u03b4 13 C distribution with depth, and the C replacement: between 0 and 2.5 cm, nearly 50% of cerrado-derived C was replaced by forest-derived C, while below 5 cm, replacement was around 20%. The relatively rapid C dynamics in this Oxisol (27% replacement in the top 20 cm after 8 years of forest plantation) shows that, under tropical conditions, significant changes may occur in a short period of time.", "keywords": ["delta-c-13", "decomposition", "c-13 natural-abundance", "particle-size fractions", "turnover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "vegetation changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "stable carbon isotope", "density fractions", "ratios", "nitrogen"], "contacts": [{"organization": "de Alcantara, F.A., Buurman, P., Furtini Neto, A.E., Curi, N., Roscoe, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-04", "title": "Tree species identity is the predominant modulator of the effects of soil fauna on leaf litter decomposition", "description": "Open AccessLa faune du sol est l'un des principaux moteurs de la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle locale et mondiale, mais le r\u00f4le des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres dans la m\u00e9diation des effets de la faune du sol sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re reste insaisissable. Nous avons men\u00e9 une exp\u00e9rience sur le terrain en utilisant des sacs de liti\u00e8re avec trois tailles de maille diff\u00e9rentes qui ont permis l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la microfaune (0,1 mm), \u00e0 la micro et m\u00e9sofaune (2 mm) et \u00e0 la faune totale du sol (5 mm) pour \u00e9valuer la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re foliaire de deux esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires (MA) et de trois esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des champignons ectomycorhiziens (ECM) dans six sites de jardins communs danois. Nous avons \u00e9galement \u00e9valu\u00e9 comment les diff\u00e9rences dans la qualit\u00e9 initiale de la liti\u00e8re, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol et la composition de la communaut\u00e9 microbienne parmi les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres peuvent affecter la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re ainsi que les effets de la faune du sol sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que (1) la perte de masse de la liti\u00e8re variait consid\u00e9rablement selon la taille des mailles et les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, avec des taux de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re (k) allant de 0,273 \u00e0 3,482\u00a0; (2) l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la m\u00e9sofaune augmentait significativement la liti\u00e8re k de 0,658 pour la MA et de 0,396 pour les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres ECM sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la faune du sol, respectivement de 255 et 92%, tandis que l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la m\u00e9so- et \u00e0 la macrofaune augmentait k de 265 et 108% pour les arbres AM et ECM, respectivement\u00a0; (3) l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, l'association mycorhizienne, la qualit\u00e9 initiale de la liti\u00e8re, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s du sol, la composition des communaut\u00e9s microbiennes et la biomasse de la faune du sol ambiant \u00e9taient tous des facteurs influen\u00e7ant significativement la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re, mais l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres \u00e9tait le facteur dominant ind\u00e9pendamment de la taille des mailles des sacs de liti\u00e8re\u00a0; et (4) les effets de la m\u00e9sofaune sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re \u00e9taient principalement contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par l'identit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres, la concentration initiale en Mg de la liti\u00e8re et le rapport lignine\u00a0:N, tandis que le petit impact suppl\u00e9mentaire de l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la macrofaune n'\u00e9tait pas bien expliqu\u00e9 par aucun des facteurs \u00e9valu\u00e9s. Dans l'ensemble, nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres affectent la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re via une stimulation diff\u00e9rente du fonctionnement de la faune du sol, et que les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la MA et \u00e0 la mec diff\u00e8rent dans le degr\u00e9 auquel la faune du sol stimule la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re. Cependant, le mod\u00e8le n'\u00e9tait pas enti\u00e8rement coh\u00e9rent car les taux de d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re pour la chaux associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la mec \u00e9taient stimul\u00e9s dans la m\u00eame mesure que les taux pour les esp\u00e8ces d'arbres associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la MA, le fr\u00eane et l'\u00e9rable. Dans l'ensemble, nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que les communaut\u00e9s de m\u00e9so- et de macrofaune du sol peuvent am\u00e9liorer les effets des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres sur la d\u00e9composition de la liti\u00e8re ainsi que l'incorporation de la liti\u00e8re C dans le sol min\u00e9ral.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "0106 biological sciences", "Litter quality", "Microfauna", "Plant Science", "Soil mesofauna", "01 natural sciences", "Plant litter", "Soil fauna", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil biology", "Microbial community", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Litter", "Soil water", "Wood Decomposition", "Saproxylic Insect Ecology and Forest Management", "Plant Interactions", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "Ecology", "Soil property", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fauna", "Insect Science", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Common garden", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Litterbag mesh size"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120396"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC7593201", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:27:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-22", "title": "Background insect herbivory increases with local elevation but makes minor contribution to element cycling along natural gradients in the Subarctic", "description": "Abstract

Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was ~1.6% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.50\u00a0cm) was significantly higher in the 3-weekly watering treatment as compared to the weekly watering treatment. This might be beneficial to Quercus suber, the tree component in this ecosystem, as its extensive tree root system enables water acquisition from deeper soil layers. However, manipulation of the within-season precipitation variability, with a shift to fewer, but larger rain events, without change in total precipitation amount, had no significant effect on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) and species composition, with average values of peak biomass of 385\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 and 222\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 for ANPP and BNPP, respectively. The experimental precipitation patterns did not result in significant differences in the vegetation gas exchange between the two watering treatments. The CO2 and H2O exchange parameters correlated well with air temperature. In addition, evapotranspiration showed a good correlation with SWC. Incorporating the data of SWC in the conceptual \u2018bucket model\u2019 showed that, independently of the watering regime, soil water availability during the life-cycle of these annual plants did not reach severe water stress conditions, which can explain the lack of a significant treatment effect in our study. In addition, our results showed that the annual plant community in these Mediterranean ecosystems is well adapted to short-term drought, through their phenological patterns and physiological adaptations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Mediterranean Ecosystem", "species composition", "precipitation variability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "primary productivity", "climate change", "herbaceous understorey", "vegetation gas exchange", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2015gb005239", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:13:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-12-19", "title": "Toward More Realistic Projections Of Soil Carbon Dynamics By Earth System Models", "description": "Abstract

Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real\uffe2\uff80\uff90world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first\uffe2\uff80\uff90order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and flux\uffe2\uff80\uff90based data sets through data assimilation is among the highest priorities for near\uffe2\uff80\uff90term research to reduce biases among ESMs. Third, external variables are represented inconsistently among ESMs, leading to differences in modeled soil C dynamics. We recommend the implementation of traceability analyses to identify how external variables and model parameterizations influence SOC dynamics in different ESMs. Overall, projections of the terrestrial C sink can be substantially improved when reliable data sets are available to select the most representative model structure, constrain parameters, and prescribe forcing fields.

", "keywords": ["550", "LAND MODELS", "Oceanography", "HETEROTROPHIC RESPIRATION", "01 natural sciences", "Atmospheric Sciences", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "ORGANIC-CARBON", "Geoinformatics", "GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE", "DATA-ASSIMILATION", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY", "CMIP5", "MICROBIAL MODELS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "500", "Earth system models", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS", "Climate Action", "Geochemistry", "Climate change impacts and adaptation", "realistic projections", "13. Climate action", "recommendations", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon dynamics", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation", "Environmental Sciences", "PARAMETER-ESTIMATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1pw7g2r2/qt1pw7g2r2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005239"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2015gb005239", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2015gb005239", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2015gb005239"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ece3.6803", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-22", "title": "Background insect herbivory increases with local elevation but makes minor contribution to element cycling along natural gradients in the Subarctic", "description": "Abstract

Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was ~1.6% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "OPEROPHTERA-BRUMATA", "MOTH HERBIVORY", "insect herbivory", "NUTRIENT RESORPTION", "EPIRRITA-AUTUMNATA", "PLANT DEFENSES", "space\u2010for\u2010time substitution", "carbon cycling", "01 natural sciences", "fast cycle versus slow cycle", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "MOUNTAIN BIRCH", "Subarctic mountain birch forest", "QH540-549.5", "Original Research", "Ekologi", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "Ecology", "LEAF-AREA INDEX", "space-for-time substitution", "nutrient cycling", "15. Life on land", "Climate Science", "ECOSYSTEM CARBON", "13. Climate action", "Klimatvetenskap"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.6803"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6803"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ece3.6803", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ece3.6803", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ece3.6803"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-02", "title": "Land Use Intensification In The Humid Tropics Increased Both Alpha And Beta Diversity Of Soil Bacteria", "description": "Abstract

Anthropogenic pressures on tropical forests are rapidly intensifying, but our understanding of their implications for biological diversity is still very limited, especially with regard to soil biota, and in particular soil bacterial communities. Here we evaluated bacterial community composition and diversity across a gradient of land use intensity in the eastern Amazon from undisturbed primary forest, through primary forests varyingly disturbed by fire, regenerating secondary forest, pasture, and mechanized agriculture. Soil bacteria were assessed by paired\uffe2\uff80\uff90end Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4 region). The resulting sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) at a 97% similarity threshold. Land use intensification increased the observed bacterial diversity (both OTU richness and community heterogeneity across space) and this effect was strongly associated with changes in soil pH. Moreover, land use intensification and subsequent changes in soil fertility, especially pH, altered the bacterial community composition, with pastures and areas of mechanized agriculture displaying the most contrasting communities in relation to undisturbed primary forest. Together, these results indicate that tropical forest conversion impacts soil bacteria not through loss of diversity, as previously thought, but mainly by imposing marked shifts on bacterial community composition, with unknown yet potentially important implications for ecological functions and services performed by these communities.

", "keywords": ["Rios de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de comunidade bacteriana", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Bacteria", "Biodiversidade subterr\u00e2nea", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Below\u2010ground biodiversity", "High\u2010throughput sequencing", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Sequenciamento de alto rendimento", "Rivers of bacterial community composition", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82660/1/de_Carvalho_et_al_2016_raw_pdf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecy.1513", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecy.1513"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.3656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-07", "title": "Herbivores stimulate respiration from labile and recalcitrant soil carbon pools in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park", "description": "Abstract

Quantifying the effects of grazing on soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition is of crucial importance for understanding soil C dynamics. However, less attention has been paid to the pool\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific SOC decomposition and the underlying factors associated with each C pool, representing critical knowledge gaps on soil C dynamics. In this study, we applied a state\uffe2\uff80\uff90of\uffe2\uff80\uff90the\uffe2\uff80\uff90art Bayesian data assimilation technique to re\uffe2\uff80\uff90analyze previous soil incubation data to examine how herbivores influenced the fraction and cumulative respiration of labile and recalcitrant soil C pools from seven edaphically diverse sites in Yellowstone National Park, whereas those variables were not explored in the earlier study. Our results showed that grazing significantly increased cumulative respiration from both labile and recalcitrant C pools. Greater cumulative respiration from the labile C pool was related to grazers increasing labile C pool fractions, while higher cumulative respiration from the recalcitrant C pool was associated with grazers accelerating the decomposition rate of the recalcitrant C pool. Cumulative respiration from both labile and recalcitrant C pools was positively correlated with shoot biomass, soil gravimetric moisture, and soil C and nitrogen content. Our results underscore how knowledge of pool\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific SOC decomposition can provide a better mechanistic understanding of soil C dynamics along topo\uffe2\uff80\uff90edaphic gradients in grazed grassland.Dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition exerts a direct control on its degradation and subsequent persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Yet, under certain conditions, the degradation patterns of DOM cannot be solely explained by its composition, highlighting the relevance of environmental conditions for DOM degradation. Here, we experimentally assessed the relative influence of composition vs. environment on DOM degradation by performing degradation bioassays using three contrasting DOM sources inoculated with a standardized bacterial inoculum under five distinct environments. The DOM degradation kinetics modeled using reactivity continuum models showed that composition was more important than environment in determining the bulk DOM decay patterns. Changes in DOM composition resulted from the interaction between DOM source and environment. The role of environment was stronger on shaping the bacterial community composition, but the intrinsic nature of the DOM source exerted stronger control on the DOM degradation function.

", "keywords": ["LAKES", "0301 basic medicine", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Oceanografi", " hydrologi och vattenresurser", "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "CARBON", "River sediments", "Oceanography", " Hydrology and Water Resources", "03 medical and health sciences", "Compostos org\u00e0nics", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[CHIM] Chemical Sciences", "Organic compounds", "RIVER", "[CHIM]Chemical Sciences", "14. Life underwater", "DOM", "Ecologia fluvial", "0303 health sciences", "MOLECULAR SIGNATURES", "PERSISTENCE", "Sediments fluvials", "SHIFTS", "6. Clean water", "Stream ecology", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY", "13. Climate action", "PATTERNS", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Limnology%20and%20Oceanography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/lno.11606", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/lno.11606", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/bf00010794", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-29", "title": "Nutrient And Carbon-Dioxide Release By Interacting Species Of Straw-Decomposing Fungi", "description": "Pairs of fungi were incubated on wheat straw in microcosms for 10 weeks. Release of Na+, K+ and NH4+-N was similar from all combinations, but Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO43--P release depended on the species. In Agrocybe gibberosa/Chaetomium globosum and Sphaerobolus stellatus/Chaetomium globosum combinations, there was evidence of interactions which suppressed the predicted rate of phosphate release, and in all the mixed species combinations there were interactions which increased the rate of fungal respiration above that of the more combative fungus in pure culture. ei]{gnR}{fnMerckx}", "keywords": ["decomposition", "nutrients", "fungal interactions", "straw", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "respiration"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Robinson, Clare H., Dighton, J., Frankland, Juliet C., Coward, P. A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00010794"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/bf00010794", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/bf00010794", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/bf00010794"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/pl00008869", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-10", "title": "Combined Effects Of Atmospheric Co2 And N Availability On The Belowground Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics Of Aspen Mesocosms", "description": "It is uncertain whether elevated atmospheric CO2 will increase C storage in terrestrial ecosystems without concomitant increases in plant access to N. Elevated CO2 may alter microbial activities that regulate soil N availability by changing the amount or composition of organic substrates produced by roots. Our objective was to determine the potential for elevated CO2 to change N availability in an experimental plant-soil system by affecting the acquisition of root-derived C by soil microbes. We grew Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen) cuttings for 2 years under two levels of atmospheric CO2 (36.7 and 71.5 Pa) and at two levels of soil N (210 and 970 \u00b5g N g-1). Ambient and twice-ambient CO2 concentrations were applied using open-top chambers, and soil N availability was manipulated by mixing soils differing in organic N content. From June to October of the second growing season, we measured midday rates of soil respiration. In August, we pulse-labeled plants with 14CO2 and measured soil 14CO2 respiration and the 14C contents of plants, soils, and microorganisms after a 6-day chase period. In conjunction with the August radio-labeling and again in October, we used 15N pool dilution techniques to measure in situ rates of gross N mineralization, N immobilization by microbes, and plant N uptake. At both levels of soil N availability, elevated CO2 significantly increased whole-plant and root biomass, and marginally increased whole-plant N capital. Significant increases in soil respiration were closely linked to increases in root biomass under elevated CO2. CO2 enrichment had no significant effect on the allometric distribution of biomass or 14C among plant components, total 14C allocation belowground, or cumulative (6-day) 14CO2 soil respiration. Elevated CO2 significantly increased microbial 14C contents, indicating greater availability of microbial substrates derived from roots. The near doubling of microbial 14C contents at elevated CO2 was a relatively small quantitative change in the belowground C cycle of our experimental system, but represents an ecologically significant effect on the dynamics of microbial growth. Rates of plant N uptake during both 6-day periods in August and October were significantly greater at elevated CO2, and were closely related to fine-root biomass. Gross N mineralization was not affected by elevated CO2. Despite significantly greater rates of N immobilization under elevated CO2, standing pools of microbial N were not affected by elevated CO2, suggesting that N was cycling through microbes more rapidly. Our results contained elements of both positive and negative feedback hypotheses, and may be most relevant to young, aggrading ecosystems, where soil resources are not yet fully exploited by plant roots. If the turnover of microbial N increases, higher rates of N immobilization may not decrease N availability to plants under elevated CO2.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "root-: biomass-", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "nitrogen-fixation", "Environmental-Sciences)", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "biomass-", "nitrogen-cycle", "nitrogen-", "Microorganisms-", "carbon-14", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "C Cycle", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Key Words Atmospheric CO2", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Populus Tremuloides Michx", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon-dioxide: atmospheric-", "plant-nutrition", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "global-climate-change", "microbe- (Microorganisms-)", "7727-37-9: NITROGEN", "chemical-composition", "carbon-sequestration", "mineral-uptake", "soil-biology", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "poplars-", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "carbon-dioxide", "Populus-tremuloides [trembling-aspen] (Salicaceae-)", "carbon-cycle", "Health Sciences", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "soil-respiration", "content", "Plantae-", "14762-75-5: CARBON-14", "mineralization-", "Molecular", "forest-soils", "15. Life on land", "Rhizodeposition", "soil-flora", "N Cycle", "13. Climate action", "cuttings-", "roots-", "Legacy", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Dicots-", "ecosystems-"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mikan, Carl J., Zak, Donald R., Kubiske, Mark E., Pregitzer, Kurt S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00008869"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/pl00008869", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/pl00008869", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/pl00008869"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-08-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-024-01939-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Interplay between Livestock Grazing and Aridity on the Ecological and Nutritional Value of Forage in Semi-arid Mediterranean Rangelands (NE Spain)", "description": "Abstract

Rangeland-based livestock production constitutes a primary source of livelihood for many inhabitants of dryland regions. Their subsistence relies heavily on maintaining the productivity, biodiversity and services of these ecosystems. Harsh environmental conditions (e.g., drought) combined with land use intensification (e.g., overgrazing) make dryland ecosystems vulnerable and prone to degradation. However, the interplay between livestock grazing intensity and aridity conditions in driving the conservation and nutritional value of forage in arid and semi-arid rangelands is still not fully understood. In this study, we performed structural equation models (SEM) to assess the simultaneous direct and indirect effects of livestock grazing intensity and aridity level on community structure, diversity, biomass, forage production, forage C:N ratio and forage fiber composition in two semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, NE Spain. Not surprisingly, we found that higher livestock grazing intensity led to lower community plant cover, especially when combined with higher aridity. However, both increasing grazing intensity and aridity were associated with higher forage production after one year of grazing exclusion. We did not find any adverse effect of livestock grazing on plant diversity, although plant species composition differed among grazing intensity levels. On the other hand, we found an aridity-driven trade-off in regard of the nutritional value of forage. Specifically, higher aridity was associated with a decrease in the least digestible fiber fraction (i.e., lignin) and an increase in forage C:N ratio. More interestingly, we found that livestock grazing modulated this trade-off by improving the overall forage nutritional value. Altogether, our results provide further insights into the management of semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, pointing out that maintaining traditional rangeland-based livestock production may be a sustainable option as long as rangeland conservation (e.g., community plant cover) is not severely compromised.Conversion of arable land (maize) to pasture will affect the soil organic matter (SOM) content. Changes in the SOM content were studied using a size- and density-fractionation method and C-13 analysis. Twenty-six years of maize cropping had resulted in a depletion of carbon stored in the macro-organic fractions (>150 mu m) and an increase in the 250 mu m), light (b.d. 150 mu m) and light (b.d. 150 mu m; b.d. >1.13 g cm(-3)) in the 0- to 20-cm layer was still 40-50% lower than in the continuous pasture plots. Average half-life times calculated from C-13 analyses ranged from 7 years in the light fractions to 56 years in heavy fractions. Fractionation results and C-13 data indicated that mechanical disturbance (plowing) during maize cropping had resulted in vertical displacement of dispersed soil carbon from the 0- to 20-cm layer down to 60-80 cm. Conversion of arable land to pasture, therefore, not only causes a regeneration of the soil carbon content, it also reduces the risk of contaminant transport by dispersed soil carbon.

", "keywords": ["land use change", "DECOMPOSITION", "2. Zero hunger", "C-13 analyses", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Maize", "C-13 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE", "CULTIVATION", "pasture", "13C analyses", "VERTISOLS", "SIZE", "SYSTEMS", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic matter", "Fractionation", "fractionation", "Land use change", "CARBON TURNOVER", "FRACTIONS", "organic matter", "STORAGE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R\u00f6mkens, P.F.A.M., van der Plicht, J., Hassink, J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050494"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050494", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050494", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050494"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-11", "title": "The Influence Of Nutrient Availability On Soil Organic Matter Turnover Estimated By Incubations And Radiocarbon Modeling", "description": "We investigated the decomposability of soil organic matter (SOM) along a chronosequence of rainforest sites in Hawaii that form a natural fertility gradient and at two long-term fertilization experiments. To estimate turnover times and pool sizes of organic matter, we used two independent methods: (1) long-term incubations and (2) a three-box soil model constrained by radiocarbon measurements. Turnover times of slow-pool SOM (the intermediate pool between active and passive pools) calculated from incubations ranged from 6 to 20 y in the O horizon and were roughly half as fast in the A horizon. The radiocarbon-based model yielded a similar pattern but slower turnover times. The calculation of the 14C turnover times is sensitive to the lag time between photosynthesis and incorporation of organic C into SOM in a given horizon. By either method, turnover times at the different sites varied two- or threefold in soils with the same climate and vegetation community. Turnover times were fastest at the sites of highest soil fertility and were correlated with litter decay rates and primary productivity. However, experimental fertilization at the two least-fertile sites had only a small and inconsistent effect on turnover, with N slowing turnover and P slightly speeding it at one site. These results support studies of litter decomposition in suggesting that while plant productivity can respond rapidly to nutrient additions, decomposition may respond much more slowly to added nutrients.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "decomposition", "Ecology", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "C-14", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Zoology", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9186j2fw/qt9186j2fw.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-16", "title": "Nutrient Addition Prompts Rapid Destabilization Of Organic Matter In An Arctic Tundra Ecosystem", "description": "Nutrient availability in the arctic is expected to increase in the next century due to accelerated decomposition associated with warming and, to a lesser extent, increased nitrogen deposition. To explore how changes in nutrient availability affect ecosystem carbon (C) cycling, we used radiocarbon to quantify changes in belowground C dynamics associated with long-term fertilization of graminoid-dominated tussock tundra at Toolik Lake, Alaska. Since 1981, yearly fertilization with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) has resulted in a shift to shrub-dominated vegetation. These combined changes have altered the quantity and quality of litter inputs, the vertical distribution and dynamics of fine roots, and the decomposition rate of soil organic C. The loss of C from the deep organic and mineral soil has more than offset the C accumulation in the litter and upper organic soil horizons. In the litter and upper organic horizons, radiocarbon measurements show that increased inputs resulted in overall C accumulation, despite being offset by increased decomposition in some soil pools. To reconcile radiocarbon observations in the deeper organic and mineral soil layers, where most of the ecosystem C loss occurred, both a decrease in input of new root material and a dramatic increase of decomposition rates in centuries-old soil C pools were required. Therefore, with future increases in nutrient availability, we may expect substantial losses of C which took centuries to accumulate.", "keywords": ["tundra", "decomposition", "Ecology", "carbon dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "radiocarbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nowinski, Nicole S, Trumbore, Susan E, Schuur, Edward AG, Mack, Michelle C, Shaver, Gaius R,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9p9291hz/qt9p9291hz.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-020-00512-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-21", "title": "Effects of Litter Quality Diminish and Effects of Vegetation Type Develop During Litter Decomposition of Two Shrub Species in an Alpine Treeline Ecotone", "description": "Because climate change is predicted to have a strong impact on high-altitude ecosystems, a better knowledge of litter decomposition in alpine ecosystems is critical to improve our predictions of the effect of climate change on ecosystem processes and services such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and below-ground biodiversity. To evaluate the effects of vegetation types [alpine shrubland (AS) and alpine meadow (AM)] and litter quality on litter decomposition and related biochemical processes, the decomposition of leaf litter of two dominant shrub species, Sorbus rufopilosa (SR, high quality) and Rhododendron lapponicum (RL, low quality), was studied using the litterbag method in an alpine treeline ecotone on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. After 1 year of decomposition, cellulolytic enzyme activities and gram-negative bacterial biomass were higher in shrubland than in meadow. However, higher fungal biomass, fungal/bacteria ratio and ligninolytic activity were observed in meadow than in shrubland after 2 years of decomposition. During the first year of decomposition, litter decomposition was faster in shrubland than in meadow probably due to the home-field advantage (HFA) effect and the bacteria-dominated decomposition, whereas in later decomposition stages, litter decomposition was faster in meadow than in shrubland, as the HFA effect diminished and fungal-dominated decomposition of recalcitrant components took over. These results indicated that litter quality effects were generally strongest in the first year and diminished in later stages when the effect of vegetation type in incubation sites developed.", "keywords": ["Lignocellulolytic enzyme", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Litter quality", "Litter decomposition", "500", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "01 natural sciences", "Alpine treeline ecotone", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "13. Climate action", "Microbial community", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00512-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-020-00512-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-020-00512-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-020-00512-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-12", "title": "Pulse, Shunt and Storage: Hydrological Contraction Shapes Processing and Export of Particulate Organic Matter in River Networks", "description": "Abstract

Streams and rivers act as landscape-scale bioreactors processing large quantities of terrestrial particulate organic matter (POM). This function is linked to their flow regime, which governs residence times, shapes organic matter reactivity and controls the amount of carbon (C) exported to the atmosphere and coastal oceans. Climate change impacts flow regimes by increasing both flash floods and droughts. Here, we used a modelling approach to explore the consequences of lateral hydrological contraction, that is, the reduction of the wet portion of the streambed, for POM decomposition and transport at the river network scale. Our model integrates seasonal leaf litter input as generator of POM, transient storage of POM on wet and dry streambed portions with associated decomposition and ensuing changes in reactivity, and transport dynamics through a dendritic river network. Simulations showed that the amount of POM exported from the river network and its average reactivity increased with lateral hydrological contraction, due to the combination of (1) low processing of POM while stored on dry streambeds, and (2) large shunting during flashy events. The sensitivity analysis further supported that high lateral hydrological contraction leads to higher export of higher reactivity POM, regardless of transport coefficient values, average reactivity of fresh leaf litter and differences between POM reactivity under wet and dry conditions. Our study incorporates storage in dry streambed areas into the pulse-shunt concept (Raymond and others in Ecology 97(1):5\uffe2\uff80\uff9316, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1684.1), providing a mechanistic framework and testable predictions about leaf litter storage, transport and decomposition in fluvial networks.Global warming is accompanied by increasing water stress across much of our planet. We studied soil biological processes and changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in 30 Hungarian oak forest sites in the Carpathian Basin along a climatic gradient (mean annual temperature (MAT) 9.6\uffe2\uff80\uff9312.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C, mean annual precipitation (MAP) 545\uffe2\uff80\uff93725\uffc2\uffa0mm) but on similar gently sloped hillsides where the parent materials are loess and weathered dust inputs dating from the end of the ice age. The purpose of this research was to understand how a drying climate, predicted for this region, might regulate long-term SOC sequestration. To examine the effects of decreasing water availability, we compared soil parameters and processes in three categories of forest that represented the moisture extremes along our gradient and that were defined using a broken-stick regression model. Soil biological activity was significantly lower in the driest (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cdry\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) forests, which had more than double the SOC concentration in the upper 30\uffc2\uffa0cm layer (3.28\uffc2\uffa0g C/100\uffc2\uffa0g soil\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.11 SE) compared to soils of the wettest (\uffe2\uff80\uff9chumid\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) forests (1.32\uffc2\uffa0g C/100\uffc2\uffa0g soil\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.09 SE), despite the fact that annual surface litter production in humid forests was\uffe2\uff80\uff89~\uffe2\uff80\uff8937% higher than in dry forests. A two-pool SOM model constrained to fit radiocarbon data indicates that turnover times for fast and slow pools are about half as long in the humid soil compared to the dry soil, and humid soils transfer C twice as efficiently from fast to slow pools. Enzyme activity and fungal biomass data also imply shorter turnover times associated with faster degradation processes in the soils of humid forests. Thermogravimetry studies suggest that more chemically recalcitrant compounds are accumulating in the soils of dry forests. Taken together, our results suggest that the predicted climate drying in this region might increase SOC storage in Central European mesic deciduous forests even as litter production decreases.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SOM", " C sequestration", " Soil enzyme activity", " Radiocarbon", " Climosequence", " Decomposition", " Climate change", " Forest soil", " Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Istvan Fekete, Imre Berki, Kate Lajtha, Susan Trumbore, Ornella Francioso, Paola Gioacchini, Daniela Montecchio, Gabor Varb\u0131ro \u0301, Aron Beni, Marianna Makadi, Ibolya Demeter, Balazs Madarasz, Katalin Juhos, Zsolt Kotroczo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/795544/1/Fekete2021_Article_HowWillADrierClimateChangeCarb.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-020-00728-w"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10994-018-5744-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-11", "title": "Ensembles for multi-target regression with random output selections", "description": "We address the task of multi-target regression, where we generate global models that simultaneously predict multiple continuous variables. We use ensembles of generalized decision trees, called predictive clustering trees (PCTs), in particular bagging and random forests (RF) of PCTs and extremely randomized PCTs (extra PCTs). We add another dimension of randomization to these ensemble methods by learning individual base models that consider random subsets of target variables, while leaving the input space randomizations (in RF PCTs and extra PCTs) intact. Moreover, we propose a new ensemble prediction aggregation function, where the final ensemble prediction for a given target is influenced only by those base models that considered it during learning. An extensive experimental evaluation on a range of benchmark datasets has been conducted, where the extended ensemble methods were compared to the original ensemble methods, individual multi-target regression trees, and ensembles of single-target regression trees in terms of predictive performance, running times and model sizes. The results show that the proposed ensemble extension can yield better predictive performance, reduce learning time or both, without a considerable change in model size. The newly proposed aggregation function gives best results when used with extremely randomized PCTs. We also include a comparison with three competing methods, namely random linear target combinations and two variants of random projections.", "keywords": ["Ensemble methods", "Predictive clustering trees", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Structured outputs", "02 engineering and technology", "Multi-target regression", "Output space decomposition"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-018-5744-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Machine%20Learning", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10994-018-5744-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10994-018-5744-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10994-018-5744-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0860-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-29", "title": "Leaf Litter Manipulations Alter Soil Physicochemical Properties And Tree Growth In A Neotropical Savanna", "description": "This study was aimed to assess the role that leaf litter play in nutrient cycling, nutrient soil availability and ecosystem processes in an oligotrophic tropical savanna. A four\u00a0year experiment was performed in a Neotropical savanna from the Brazilian plateau (cerrado), in which litter levels were modified, and the resulting changes in biophysical and chemical soil properties were studied. Changes in organic matter decomposition, soil respiration and stem growth of the six most common tree species were also monitored. Compared to litter removal plots, double litter plots had lower maximum soil temperature and higher soil water content, and litter decomposition rates in one of three species studied, consistent with higher soil respiration rates observed in this treatment. With the exception of Ca, there were no significant differences in nutrients between the removal, natural and double litter plots, even though most nutrients tended to increase in the double litter plots by the end of the experimental period, while in the control plots nutrient levels remained relatively constant. Of the six tree species used for growth analysis, only one, Sclerolobium paniculatum, a fast growing species with shallow roots, had a significant increase in stem growth due to litter addition. Preliminary results over four\u00a0years indicate that litter removal and addition resulted in some significant changes and tendencies that indicate that litter is effectively altering ecosystem processes. The information obtained also suggest that nutrient cycling in plots with natural litter levels (control plots) was in a closed loop; most nutrients released by litter decomposition and mineralization were absorbed and reutilized immediately by the plants, thus minimizing nutrient leakage outside the system.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "TREE GROWTH", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "NUTRIENT CYCLING", "SOIL FERTILITY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "01 natural sciences", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION RATES", "SOIL RESPIRATION", "TROPICAL SAVANNAS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0860-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0860-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0860-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0860-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-015-2528-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-28", "title": "How Does Soil Particulate Organic Carbon Respond To Grazing Intensity In Permanent Grasslands?", "description": "Modification in grazing intensity causes functional changes in permanent grasslands, e.g. in carbon (C) cycling. However, we still know little about how the soil organic C of permanent grasslands responds to grazing intensity. In a grassland experiment with three levels of grazing intensity, we monitored root and rhizome C stocks, particulate organic C stocks, total soil C stocks, above-ground net primary production and plant species groups abundance over 7\u00a0years. A simple model was used to estimate the mortality of roots and rhizomes, decomposition rates of particulate organic C, and C fluxes under different grazing intensities. After 7\u00a0years, low grazing intensity and no grazing led to a modification in above-ground vegetation (production, plant species composition, nitrogen content) and a reduction in C transferred between roots and particulate organic matter fractions, while the C stocks of root and rhizomes, particulate organic matter and total soil were not significantly affected by grazing intensity. However, particulate organic C showed a strong interannual variability. Particulate organic C could have reacted more slowly than expected to changes in grazing intensity, or a marked interannual variability of particulate organic C stocks, through an increase in decomposition rates in all the grazing treatments, could have slowed down the accumulation of particulate organic C and masked the effect of the grazing intensity treatments.", "keywords": ["580", "Carbon cycling", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition rates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Particulate organic matter", "13. Climate action", "Grazing intensity", "Grassland ecosystem", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2528-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-015-2528-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-015-2528-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-015-2528-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Heterogeneous kinetics of timber charring at the microscale", "description": "Abstract Timber is becoming a popular construction material even for high-rise buildings despite its poorly understood fire behaviour. In a fire, timber\u2014a natural polymer\u2014degrades in the thermochemical process of charring, causing it to lose structural strength. In spite of significant research on the physics of charring, the chemical kinetics\u2014reactions and kinetic parameters for pyrolysis and oxidation\u2014remains a scientific challenge to model accurately. Current kinetic models are either computationally too expensive or neglect key chemical pathways. Here we derive a new appropriate kinetic model for fire science at the microscale using a novel methodology. First, we built a kinetic model for each component of timber (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from literature studies and experiments of the components. Then, we combined these three models into one kinetic model (8 reactions, 8 chemical species) for timber. This approach accounts for chemical differences among timber species. However, the timber model is only able to reproduce the trend in the experiments when literature parameters are used. Using multi-objective inverse modelling, we extract a new set of optimised kinetic parameters from 16 high-quality experiments from the literature. The novel optimised kinetic model is able to reproduce these 16 and a further 64 (blind predictions) experiments nearly within the experimental uncertainty, spanning different heating rates (1\u201360\u2009K/min), oxygen concentrations (0\u201360 %), and even isothermal experiments (220\u2013300\u2009\u00b0C). Furthermore, the model outperforms current kinetic models for fire science in accuracy across a wide range of conditions without an increase in complexity. Incorporated into a model of heat and mass transfer, this new and optmised kinetic model could improve the understanding of timber burning and has the potenial to lead to safer designs of timber buildings.", "keywords": ["Technology", "Engineering", " Chemical", "Energy & Fuels", "THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS", "Charring", "0904 Chemical Engineering", "Chemical", "Timber", "02 engineering and technology", "WOOD", "7. Clean energy", "0201 civil engineering", "REACTION-MECHANISMS", "COMBUSTION", "Engineering", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Biomass", "Science & Technology", "Energy", "Chemistry", " Analytical", "FAST BIOMASS PYROLYSIS", "CELLULOSE PYROLYSIS", "Analytical", "Fire", "THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION", "620", "MODEL", "Chemistry", "Kinetics", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "INTRINSIC KINETICS", "DEGRADATION BEHAVIOR", "0301 Analytical Chemistry", "Pyrolysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Analytical%20and%20Applied%20Pyrolysis", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-016-3073-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-10", "title": "Response Of Soil Microbial Community To Afforestation With Pure And Mixed Species", "description": "\u00a9 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.Objectives: Afforestation changes soil chemical properties over several decades. In contrast, microbial community structure can be shifted within the first decade and so, the direct effects of tree species can be revealed. The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of soil microbial community composition 10\u00a0years after afforestation by trees with contrasting functional traits. Methods: The study was conducted at the BangorDIVERSE temperate forest experiment. Soil samples were collected under single, two and three species mixtures of alder and birch, beech and oak - early and secondary successional species, respectively, and contiguous agricultural field. Soil was analysed for total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents, and microbial community structure (phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) analysis). Results and conclusions: The total PLFAs content (370\u2013640\u00a0nmol\u00a0g\u22121soil) in forest plots increased for 30 to 110\u00a0% compared to the agricultural soil (290\u00a0nmol\u00a0g\u22121soil). In contrast, soil C, N and C/N ratios were altered over 10\u00a0years much less - increased only up to 20\u00a0% or even decreased (for beech forest). Afforestation increased bacterial PLFAs by 20\u2013120\u00a0%, whereas it had stronger impact on the development of fungal communities (increased by 50\u2013200\u00a0%). These effects were proved for all forests, but were more pronounced under the monocultures compared to mixtures. This indicates that species identity has a stronger effect than species diversity. Principal component analysis of PLFAs revealed that under mono and three species mixtures similar microbial communities were formed. In contrast, gram-positive PLFAs and actinomycete PLFAs contributed mainly to differentiation of two species mixtures from other forests. Thus, at the early afforestation stage: i) soil biological properties are altered more than chemical, and ii) tree species identity affects more than species amount on both processes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "Microbial biomarkers", "Plant microbial interactions", "Soil solution", "Tree identity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Woodland", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Land use change", "Ammonium and nitrate", "Forest composition"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3073-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-016-3073-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-016-3073-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-016-3073-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-024-06959-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-01", "title": "Tree functional group mediates the effects of nutrient addition on soil nutrients and fungal communities beneath decomposing wood", "description": "\u00a9 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.Background: Deadwood contains a large reservoir of carbon and nutrients in forest ecosystems, its decomposition has considerable effects on forest soil chemistry and biota. Tree functional group and nutrient inputs both have a significant influence on wood decomposition rates. However, little is known about how these factors interactively influence soil biogeochemistry through wood decomposition. Methods: We examined the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition on wood decomposition of different angiosperm and gymnosperm tree species in a three-year period in a subtropical forest. We explored the outcomes for the underlying soil nutrients, microbial biomass, and saprotrophic fungal communities. Result: We found that P addition, rather than N, significantly increased total C, P, as well as microbial biomass C and P concentrations in the soil beneath deadwood. These effects were particularly pronounced in the soil beneath angiosperm wood compared to gymnosperm wood, likely related to the higher decomposition rates of angiosperm wood and its sensitivity to P. Similarly, the presence and abundance of soil saprotrophic fungal communities was strongly associated with P addition, where specific fungal responses were more pronounced under angiosperm wood than gymnosperm wood. Conclusion: Our study underscores the pivotal role of tree functional group in modulating the response of soil nutrient dynamics and fungal community structure beneath decomposing wood in a subtropical forest. These insights are critical for developing predictive models of soil nutrient cycles, which can help manage forest ecosystems more effectively in the face of global environmental changes.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Soil nutrient concentrations", "Carbon cycling", "570", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Saprotrophic fungi", "Wood decomposition", "Tree functional group", "630", "Nutrient addition experiment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06959-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-024-06959-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-024-06959-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-024-06959-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2020gb006719", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-18", "title": "Stream Dissolved Organic Matter in Permafrost Regions Shows Surprising Compositional Similarities but Negative Priming and Nutrient Effects", "description": "Abstract

Permafrost degradation is delivering bioavailable dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients to surface water networks. While these permafrost subsidies represent a small portion of total fluvial DOM and nutrient fluxes, they could influence food webs and net ecosystem carbon balance via priming or nutrient effects that destabilize background DOM. We investigated how addition of biolabile carbon (acetate) and inorganic nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) affected DOM decomposition with 28\uffe2\uff80\uff90day incubations. We incubated late\uffe2\uff80\uff90summer stream water from 23 locations nested in seven northern or high\uffe2\uff80\uff90altitude regions in Asia, Europe, and North America. DOM loss ranged from 3% to 52%, showing a variety of longitudinal patterns within stream networks. DOM optical properties varied widely, but DOM showed compositional similarity based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT\uffe2\uff80\uff90ICR MS) analysis. Addition of acetate and nutrients decreased bulk DOM mineralization (i.e., negative priming), with more negative effects on biodegradable DOM but neutral or positive effects on stable DOM. Unexpectedly, acetate and nutrients triggered breakdown of colored DOM (CDOM), with median decreases of 1.6% in the control and 22% in the amended treatment. Additionally, the uptake of added acetate was strongly limited by nutrient availability across sites. These findings suggest that biolabile DOM and nutrients released from degrading permafrost may decrease background DOM mineralization but alter stoichiometry and light conditions in receiving waterbodies. We conclude that priming and nutrient effects are coupled in northern aquatic ecosystems and that quantifying two\uffe2\uff80\uff90way interactions between DOM properties and environmental conditions could resolve conflicting observations about the drivers of DOM in permafrost zone waterways.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "550", "permafrost regions", "thermokarst", "vaikutukset", "ta1171", "geosciences", "ikirouta", "carbon cycling", "551", "ravinteet", "01 natural sciences", "nutrients", "cryosphere and high-latitude processes", "Biology", "Research Articles", "organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "compositional similarities", "nutrients and nutrient cycling", "hiilen kierto", "ravinteiden kierr\u00e4tys", "15. Life on land", "rivers", "6. Clean water", "nutrient effects", "13. Climate action", "orgaaninen aines", "1171 Geotieteet", "SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation", "joet", "permafrost"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/context/biology_facpub/article/2820/viewcontent/2020GB006719.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gb006719"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2020gb006719", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2020gb006719", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2020gb006719"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-24", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming On Soil Respiration And Biomass In Quercus Variabilis Blume And Pinus Densiflora Sieb. Et Zucc. Seedlings", "description": "AbstractKey messageIn the open-field warming experiment using infrared heaters, 3\u00a0\u00b0C warming affected soil respiration more in the deciduousQuercus variabilisBlume plot than in the evergreenPinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc. plot, but did not affect the plant biomass in either species.ContextUnderstanding the species-specific responses of belowground carbon processes to warming is essential for the accurate prediction of forest carbon cycles in ecosystems affected by future climate change.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the effect of experimental warming on soil CO2 efflux, soil-air CO2 concentration, and plant biomass for two taxonomically different temperate tree species.MethodsExperimental warming was conducted in an open-field planted with Q. variabilis and P. densiflora seedlings. Infrared heaters increased the air temperature by 3\u00a0\u00b0C in the warmed plots compared with the air temperature in the control plots over a 2-year period.ResultsThe increase in air and soil temperature stimulated soil CO2 efflux by 29 and 22\u00a0% for the Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, respectively. Seasonal variation in the warming effect on soil CO2 efflux was species-specific. Soil CO2 efflux was also positively related to both soil temperature and soil water content. The soil moisture deficit decreased the difference in soil CO2 efflux between the control and warmed plots. Warming did not affect soil CO2 concentration and plant biomass in either species; however, the mean soil CO2 concentration was positively correlated with root and total biomass.ConclusionWarming increased soil CO2 efflux in both Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, while the increase showed remarkable seasonal variations and different magnitudes for the two species.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "soil temperature", "evergreen tree", "soil water", "Red pine", "seedling", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "Pinus resinosa", "Climate change", "Pinus densiflora", "seasonal variation", "concentration (composition)", "Quercus variabilis", "Oriental oak", "carbon dioxide", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "air temperature", "carbon flux", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "coniferous tree", "phytomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experimental warming", "soil moisture", "deciduous tree"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-15", "title": "Biodiversity, Carbon Stocks And Sequestration Potential In Aboveground Biomass In Smallholder Farming Systems Of Western Kenya", "description": "Abstract While Carbon (C) sequestration on farmlands may contribute to mitigate CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere, greater agro-biodiversity may ensure longer term stability of C storage in fluctuating environments. This study was conducted in the highlands of western Kenya, a region with high potential for agroforestry, with the objectives of assessing current biodiversity and aboveground C stocks in perennial vegetation growing on farmland, and estimating C sequestration potential in aboveground C pools. Allometric models were developed to estimate aboveground biomass of trees and hedgerows, and an inventory of perennial vegetation was conducted in 35 farms in Vihiga and Siaya districts. Values of the Shannon index ( H ), used to evaluate biodiversity, ranged from 0.01 in woodlots through 0.4\u20130.6 in food crop plots, to 1.3\u20131.6 in homegardens. Eucalyptus saligna was the most frequent tree species found as individual trees (20%), in windrows (47%), and in woodlots (99%) in Vihiga and the most frequent in woodlots (96%) in Siaya. Trees represented the most important C pool in aboveground biomass of perennial plants growing on-farm, contributing to 81 and 55% of total aboveground farm C in Vihiga and Siaya, respectively, followed by hedgerows (13 and 39%, respectively) and permanent crop stands (5 and 6%, respectively). Most of the tree C was located in woodlots in Vihiga (61%) and in individual trees growing in or around food crop plots in Siaya (57%). The homegardens represented the second C pool in importance, with 25 and 33% of C stocks in Vihiga and Siaya, respectively. Considering the mean total aboveground C stocks observed, and taking the average farm sizes of Vihiga (0.6\u00a0ha) and Siaya (1.4\u00a0ha), an average farm would store 6.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0farm \u22121 in Vihiga and 12.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0farm \u22121 in Siaya. At both sites, the C sequestration potential in perennial aboveground biomass was estimated at ca. 16\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 . With the current market price for carbon, the implementation of Clean Development Mechanism Afforestation/Reforestation (CDM A/R) projects seems unfeasible, due to the large number of small farms (between 140 and 300) necessary to achieve a critical land area able to compensate the concomitant minimum transaction costs. Higher financial compensation for C sequestration projects that encourage biodiversity would allow clearer win\u2013win scenarios for smallholder farmers. Thus, a better valuation of ecosystem services should encourage C sequestration together with on-farm biodiversity when promoting CDM A/R projects.", "keywords": ["550", "petite exploitation agricole", "DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE", "EXPLOITATION AGRICOLE", "01 natural sciences", "agroforestry", "eucalyptus saligna", "biodiversit\u00e9", "sistemas de explotaci\u00f3n", "STOCKAGE", "allocation", "soil fertility management", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "arbre", "AGROFORESTERIE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949", "trees", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "VILLAGE", "CARBONE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "agroforestry systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources fonci\u00e8res", "ecology", "agroforesteria", "UTILISATION DU SOL", "environment", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2683", "570", "BIOMETRIE", "productivity", "arboles", "REFORESTATION", "secuestro de carbono", "utilisation des terres", "ARBRE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7887", "farming systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "forests", "BIOMASSE", "BIODIVERSITE", "SYSTEME DE CULTURE", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "COMPOSITION FLORISTIQUE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7113"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-02", "title": "Microplastic fiber and drought effects on plants and soil are only slightly modified by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "description": "Abstract

Microplastics are increasingly recognized as a factor of global change. By altering soil inherent properties and processes, ripple-on effects on plants and their symbionts can be expected. Additionally, interactions with other factors of global change, such as drought, can influence the effect of microplastics. We designed a greenhouse study to examine effects of polyester microfibers, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and drought on plant, microbial and soil responses. We found that polyester microfibers increased the aboveground biomass of Allium cepa under well-watered and drought conditions, but under drought conditions the AM fungal-only treatment reached the highest biomass. Colonization with AM fungi increased under microfiber contamination, however, plant biomass did not increase when both AM fungi and fibers were present. The mean weight diameter of soil aggregates increased with AM fungal inoculation overall but decreased when the system was contaminated with microfibers or drought stressed. Our study adds additional support to the mounting evidence that microplastic fibers in soil can affect the plant-soil system by promoting plant growth, and favoring key root symbionts, AM fungi. Although soil aggregation is usually positively influenced by plant roots and AM fungi, and microplastic promotes both, our results show that plastic still had a negative effect on soil aggregates. Even though there are concerns that microplastic might interact with other factors of global change, our study revealed no such effect for drought.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Organic matter decomposition", "Drought", "Microplastic", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "Root traits", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Soil aggregation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-25", "title": "Tire abrasion particles negatively affect plant growth even at low concentrations and alter soil biogeochemical cycling", "description": "Abstract

Tire particles (TPs) are a major source of microplastic on land, and considering their chemical composition, they represent a potential hazard for the terrestrial environment. We studied the effects of TPs at environmentally relevant concentrations along a wide concentration gradient (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93160 mg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and tested the effects on plant growth, soil pH and the key ecosystem process of litter decomposition and soil respiration. The addition of TPs negatively affected shoot and root growth already at low concentrations. Tea litter decomposition slightly increased with lower additions of TPs but decreased later on. Soil pH increased until a TP concentration of 80 mg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and leveled off afterwards. Soil respiration clearly increased with increasing concentration of added TPs. Plant growth was likely reduced with starting contamination and stopped when contamination reached a certain level in the soil. The presence of TPs altered a number of biogeochemical soil parameters that can have further effects on plant performance. Considering the quantities of yearly produced TPs, their persistence, and toxic potential, we assume that these particles will eventually have a significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["570", "Soil respiration ; Soil pH ; Litter decomposition ; Microplastic pollution ; Tire particles ; Soil Pollution", " Control", " and Remediation ; Research Article ; Plant growth", "Litter decomposition", "Soil respiration", "Soil pH", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microplastic pollution", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Tire particles", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plant growth", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:21:02Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2025-08-10", "title": "Herbivore grazing mitigates the negative effects of nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon in low-diversity grassland", "description": "1. Changes in soil carbon (C) sequestration in grassland ecosystems have important impacts on the global C cycle. As such, it is important that researchers better understand the underlying mechanisms affecting soil C. Increasing evidence has shown that atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can cause dramatic changes in grassland soil C. It remains unclear whether herbivore grazing, a primary means to manage and utilize grassland resources, can regulate the effects of N deposition on soil C, and whether these effects are dependent on plant community diversity. 2. Here, we examined the joint effects of herbivore grazing and N-addition on soil organic C (SOC) stocks in two types of communities with low and high plant diversity, respectively. 3. Our results showed that the effects of N-addition and its combination with herbivore grazing on grassland SOC were inconsistent in the two types of communities. In the low-diversity community, N-addition greatly decreased SOC stocks, while grazing significantly increased it. Additionally, the grazing-induced increase in soil C stocks in presence of N-addition was so great that it completely counteracted the significant decline in SOC induced by N-addition. However, in the high-diversity community, we observed no effects of N-addition on SOC and grazing increased SOC only in the absence of N-addition and had no significant effect in presence of N-addition. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study suggests that increased N deposition can trigger a remarkable reduction in soil C sequestration in grasslands with low plant diversity, but that herbivore grazing can offset this decline, which may help to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions caused by atmospheric N deposition. As a result, we suggest that moderate herbivore grazing should be considered as an effective grassland management measure for maintaining and improving grassland soil C sequestration as the increasing global change such as elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, N deposition, and biodiversity losses threat.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic carbon", "global carbon cycle", "13. Climate action", "grassland management", "herbivore grazing", "atmospheric nitrogen deposition", "15. Life on land", "plant community composition"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Li, Guangyin, Cai, Jinting, Song, Xuxin, Pan, Xiaobin, Pan, Duofeng, Jiang, Shicheng, Sun, Jinyan, Zhang, Minna, Wang, Ling,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-29", "title": "Short Term Effects Of Bioenergy By-Products On Soil C And N Dynamics, Nutrient Availability And Biochemical Properties", "description": "Abstract The shift towards a biobased economy will probably trigger the application of bioenergy by-products to the soil as either amendments or fertilizers. However, limited research has been done to determine how this will influence C and N dynamics and soil functioning. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different bioenergy by-products on C and N mineralisation, nutrient availability and microbial content and activity of amended soil and compare them to other more commonly used organic amendments. Two agricultural soils were amended (0.5% w/w) with four different bioenergy by-products (anaerobic digestate, rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue, biochar) and three other commonly used organic amendments (sewage sludge and two composts) and incubated at 20\u00a0\u00b0C in the laboratory for 30 days. During incubation, soil CO2 and N2O evolution were measured every 4\u00a0h by an automatic chromatographic system. After 2, 7 and 30 days of incubation, soil samples were analysed for K2SO4\u2013extractable C, N, NO3\u2212, NH4+ and P, microbial biomass C and three enzymatic activities (\u03b2-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase). Soil amendment led to a general increase in soil respiration, available N and P and microbial content and activity, but with remarkably different dynamics and values. Particularly, rapeseed meal and the bioethanol by-product led to N2O emissions and the greatest increases in soil respiration, N availability and enzymatic activity compared with the other amendments. The exception was represented by biochar that did not cause any significant variation with respect to the control, but promoted C accumulation. According to their impact on soil biochemical properties, the materials can be ranked as follows: rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue\u00a0>\u00a0anaerobic digestate, sewage sludge\u00a0>\u00a0composts\u00a0>\u00a0biochar. For each measured parameter, soil properties did not affect the response pattern found for the different treatments, but modified the magnitude of the response. In particular, soil respiration and enzymatic activity were higher in the slightly acidic soil, while greater values of available P were found in the alkaline soil. This study clearly indicates that the impact on GHG emissions and soil functioning of bioenergy by-products needs to be taken into account for a correct life cycle assessment of the bioenergy chain. Moreover, when properly managed, they may represent an effective alternative to usual amendments to improve the quality and nutrient balance of amended soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop residues", "decomposition", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "enzyme-activities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "composts", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "organic amendments", "13. Climate action", "nitrous-oxide emission", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Galvez, A., Sinicco, T., Cayuela, M.L, Mingorance, M.D., Fornasier, F., Mondini, C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-16", "title": "Uncropped Field Margins To Mitigate Soil Carbon Losses In Agricultural Landscapes", "description": "Fil: D'acunto, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiologicas y Ecologicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition", "13. Climate action", "Field Margins", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agricultural Intensification", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "Pampas", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D'acunto, Luciana, Semmartin, Mar\u00eda Gisela, Ghersa, Claudio Marco,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-20", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Management On Chemical And Biological Parameters In Agricultural Soils", "description": "Abstract A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in The Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and biological soil properties and soil health. Soils from thirteen accredited organic farms and conventionally managed neighboring farms were analyzed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analyses, a nematode community analysis and an enquiry about different management practices among the farmers. Organic management, known primarily for the abstinence of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, resulted in significantly lower levels of both nitrate and total soluble nitrogen in the soil, higher numbers of bacteria of different trophic groups, as well as larger species richness in both bacteria and nematode communities and more resilience to a drying\u2013rewetting disturbance in the soil. The organic farmers plough their fields less deeply and tend to apply more organic carbon to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher organic carbon content in their soils. The levels of ammonium, organic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus did not differ, significantly between the soils under different management. Fifty percent of the conventional Dutch farmers also used organic fertilizers and the numbers of farmers using a green crop fertilizer did not differ between the two management types. Soil type \u2013 clayey or sandy soil \u2013 in general had a much stronger effect on the soil characteristics than management type. The soil type influenced pH, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and organic carbon levels as well as numbers of oligotrophic bacteria and of different groups of nematodes, and different diversity indices. With the collected data set certain soil characteristics could also be attributed to the use of different management practices like plow depth, crop or cover crop type or to the management history of the soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "microbial-populations", "species composition", "plant", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maturity index", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "diversity", "communities", "gradient gel-electrophoresis", "low-input", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Diepeningen, A.D., de Vos, O.J., Korthals, G.W., van Bruggen, A.H.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-30", "title": "Soil Priming By Sugar And Leaf-Litter Substrates: A Link To Microbial Groups", "description": "The impact of elevated CO2 on leaf-litter and root exudate production may alter soil carbon storage capacities for the future. In particular when so-called \u2018priming effects\u2019, the counterintuitive loss of soil carbon following input of organic carbon substrates, are taken into consideration. Here we investigate the dynamics of priming effects and ask whether the source of primed carbon is microbial biomass or soil organic matter and whether specific microbial groups, as identified by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers, may be important in causing them. We measured \u03b413C within soil CO2 efflux and PLFA biomarkers following C3 soil priming effects caused by additions of C4 sugar-cane sucrose and maize (Zea mays L.) leaf-litter chopped and ground. All additions caused an initial pulse of priming effect CO2 and a later pulse of substrate-derived CO2, showing that priming effects can be induced rapidly following changes in substrate supply. Priming effects persisted over 32 days and led to a loss of soil carbon, with an increase in soil carbon decomposition of 169% following sucrose addition, 44% following chopped maize and 67% following ground maize additions. An increased concentration of soil-derived carbon within specific PLFA biomarkers provided evidence that a source of the primed carbon was soil organic matter. Certain Gram negative bacteria, identified by PLFA biomarkers (16:1\u03c95, 16:1\u03c97), showed increased uptake of soil carbon for both sucrose and maize treatments and may be directly linked to priming effects. Our study provides evidence that substrate carbon inputs to soil induce rapid changes in specific microbial groups, which in turn increase soil carbon metabolism.", "keywords": ["priming effect", "2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "leaf-litter", "13. Climate action", "PLFA", "stable isotopes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil carbon", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nottingham, Andrew T., Griffiths, Howard, Chamberlain, Paul M., Stott, Andrew W., Tanner, Edmund V. J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-15", "title": "Is There A Linear Relationship Between Priming Effect Intensity And The Amount Of Organic Matter Input?", "description": "C-labeling abstract Inputs of fresh organic matter (FOM) are known to affect the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) mineral- ization. SOM mineralization can be accelerated or decelerated by FOM inputs. This phenomenon, known as the Priming effect (PE), may largely influence the carbon (C) storage capacity of soils. However, the link between PE intensity and FOM inputs is not clearly understood. Indeed, almost all the studies about PE used only one FOM amount which is generally largely below the amount of FOM observed in field conditions. In our study, we incubated soil amended with three levels of 13 C-labeled straw as FOM and a control without FOM amendment for 80 days. The three levels used were in the same range as the natural FOM inputs observed on our sampling site. Various levels of mineral nitrogen were added within each level of straw supply so that the final input C:N ratios ranged among 44, 30 and 20. CO2 and i 13 C-CO2 were measured during the experiment allowing us to distinguish the FOM respired CO2 from the SOM respired CO2. We observed that PE intensity did not increase linearly with increasing FOM additions. Moreover, decreasing the input C:N ratios did not systematically affect PE intensity probably because of shifts in the microbial characteristics such as their C:N ratio or their assimilation yields. These results suggest that PE is a saturating function of FOM inputs that is only weakly influenced by initial N availability. Our results may be explained (i) by the existence of a limited SOM pool subject to PE (ii) or by the occurrence of two simultaneous and antagonistic mechanisms: an increase of the total active microbial biomass accel- erating SOM mineralization (i.e. a positive PE) and a preferential substrate utilization of FOM over SOM decreasing SOM mineralization (i.e. a negative PE). Finally, irrespective of the mechanisms implied, our results suggest that the importance of positive PE relatively to the amount of FOM may decrease when FOM inputs increase, which is favorable to carbon sequestration in soils. Indeed, in the case of the lower amount of FOM, the PE corresponded to 6.25% of the total amount of CO2 mineralized at the end of the experiment while, for the higher amount of FOM, the PE corresponded to 5% of the total amount of CO2 mineralized at the end of the experiment.", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Soil organic matter mineralization", "Straw", "(13)C-labeling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "MECHANISMS", "GLUCOSE", "CARBON", "SOIL", "NITROGEN", "MODEL", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Carbon storage", "SUBSTRATE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Priming effect", "MINERALIZATION", "ROOTS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Composition&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Composition&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Composition&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Composition&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 363, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T06:16:40.577232Z"}