Increased fish pond production is associated with the generation of various waste including fish pond sediments. Fish pond sediments could be a valuable source of nutrients for growing plants, however they require further processing in order to be applied to soil. Composting is considered one of the methods for processing fish pond sediments. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of organic fish pond sediments to be managed through laboratory composting with selected waste materials and evaluate the fertilizing potential of the obtained compost. The scope included: (1) analysis of organic fish pond sediments, (2) laboratory composting of organic fish pond sediments with wheat straw and green grass, (3) analysis of the obtained composts, (4) preparation of growing media with selected additives, (5) analysis of the properties of the prepared growing media and (6) analysis of the effect of the investigated growing media on the growth ofPhaseolus vulgaris L.in pot experiments. The addition of cardboard waste and woodchips derived biochar to the obtained compost improved significantly the growth of the roots ofCardamine L. Also, the content of carbon and nitrogen in the compost mixtures increased. The addition of M1 (compost from organic fish pond sediments and 1% of biochar) to the soil had a significant impact on the growth of white beans.
Graphic Abstract
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Composting", "Fertilization", "Organic fish pond sediments", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic waste", "6. Clean water", "Organic aquaculture", "Organic fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20and%20Biomass%20Valorization", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12649-020-01074-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-28T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-28", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Arable Crop Rotations Is Mostly Determined By Autumn Field Management", "description": "Two main challenges facing organic arable farming are the supply of nitrogen (N) to the crop and the control of perennial weeds. Nitrate leaching from different organic arable crop rotations was investigated over three consecutive four-year crop rotations in a field experiment at three locations in Denmark (12 years in total). The experimental treatments were: i) crop rotation, ii) catch crop and iii) animal manure. Nitrate leaching was estimated from measured soil nitrate concentation in ceramic suction cells and modelled drainage. There were significant effects on annual N leaching of location (coarse sand > loamy sand > sandy loam) and catch crops (without > with). Including a grass-clover green manure on 25% of the area did not increase N leaching compared with crop rotations without green manure. Also the application of animal manure did not influence N leaching, probably because even in the manured treatments the application rate was lower than crop demand. The results identify management of crop and soil during autumn as the main determinant of N leaching. Nitrate leaching was lowest for a catch crop soil cover during autumn and winter (avg. 20 kg N ha-1), a soil cover of weeds/volunteers had on avg. 30 kg N ha-1, and the largest N leaching losses were found after stubble cultivation (avg. 55 kg N ha-1). The N leaching losses increased with increasing number of autumn soil cultivations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Askegaard, M, Olesen, J\u00f8rgen E, Rasmussen, Ilse Ankj\u00e6r, Kristensen, Kristian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-28T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-26", "title": "Management of poultry manure in Poland \u2013 Current state and future perspectives", "description": "This review aimed to analyse the current state of management practices for poultry manure in Poland and present future perspectives in terms of technologies allowing closing the loops for circular economy, and thus recovery of nutrients and energy. The scope of the review focused primarily on: (1) the analysis of poultry production and generation of poultry manure with special references to quantities, properties (e.g. fertilizing properties), seasonality, etc.; (2) the overview of current practices and methods for managing poultry manure including advantages and limitations; (3) the analysis of potential and realistic threats and risk related to managing poultry manure, and also (4) the analysis of promising technologies for converting poultry manure into added value products and energy. The review addressed the following technologies: composting of poultry manure to obtain fertilizers and soil improvers, anaerobic digestion of poultry manure for energy recovery, and also pyrolysis of poultry manure into different types of biochar that can be applied in agriculture, horticulture and industry. Poultry manure is rich in macro- and micronutrients but also can contain various contaminants such as antibiotics or pesticides, and thus posing a realistic threat to soil and living organisms when applied to soil directly or after biological treatment. The main challenge in poultry manure processing is to assure sufficient closing of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous loops and safe application to soil.", "keywords": ["LITTER", "Nitrogen", "SEWAGE-SLUDGE", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Circular", "ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION", "02 engineering and technology", "SORPTION", "Poultry manure", "Poultry", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "METHANE", "Nutrient and energy recovery", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Animals", "BIOGAS PRODUCTION", "ORGANIC FRACTION", "Fertilizers", "PRODUCTION", "2. Zero hunger", "BIOCHAR", "PYROLYSIS", "Composting", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Management", "Manure", "economy", "CHICKEN MANURE", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Poland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110327"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1079/sum2005326", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:18:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-06", "title": "Pore Characteristics And Hydraulic Properties Of A Sandy Loam Supplied For A Century With Either Animal Manure Or Mineral Fertilizers", "description": "Application of organic residues to soil is generally assumed to improve soil tilth. Only few studies have reported on the long-term effects on the more subtle aspects of soil porosity and no reports have considered the potential effects of organic amendments on the pore system in the subsoil. We sampled undisturbed soil cores (100 cm3 and 6280 cm3) in metal cylinders in differently fertilized plots in the long-term field experiments at Askov Experimental Station, Denmark. We selected the 0-60 cm soil layer of plots dressed for a century with either mineral fertilizers (labelled NPK) or animal manure (labelled AM). Both fertilization treatments were studied at two levels of nutrient application: 'normal' (labelled '1') and 1.5 times 'normal' (labelled '11/2'). Plots unfertilized for a century (labelled UNF) were included as a reference for some of the studies. Water retention, air permeability and air diffusivity were measured on the small cores, and we used the large cores for measuring near-saturated and saturated hydraulic conductivity. In the plough layer, the AM and NPK soils displayed identical pore volumes in size fractions larger as well as smaller than 30 micrometer, while the UNF soil had a significantly smaller volume of pores <30 micrometer. No clear trends were found in treatment effects on pore organization calculated from air diffusivity and air permeability measurements. No significant differences in hydraulic conductivity were found for plough layer soil. For the soil below ploughing depth, significantly larger macropore volumes and near-saturated hydraulic conductivities were found for soil receiving the higher ('11/2') amount of nutrients compared with the 'normally' dressed soil. This effect was independent of fertilization system (AM or NPK). We attribute the larger volume of macropores to the improved root growth conditions in the soil with the larger nutrient level. We conclude that addition of animal manure in rates realistic in agriculture has only a modest effect on soil pore characteristics of the plough layer soil compared with the use of mineral fertilizers. For the soil below ploughing depth, a high level of nutrient application rather than the use of animal manure may increase soil macroporosity and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Soil biology", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Soil quality", "Soil tillage", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1079/sum2005326"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1079/sum2005326", "name": "item", "description": "10.1079/sum2005326", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1079/sum2005326"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/acs.est.3c08734", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-10", "title": "Plastic Fruit Stickers in Industrial Composting\u2500Surface and Structural Alterations Revealed by Electron Microscopy and Computed Tomography", "description": "Often large quantities of plastics are found in compost, with price look-up stickers being a major but little-explored component in the contamination path. Stickers glued to fruit or vegetable peels usually remain attached to the organic material despite sorting processes in the composting plant. Here, we investigated the effects of industrial composting on the structural alterations of these stickers. Commercial polypropylene (PP) stickers on banana peels were added to a typical organic material mixture for processing in an industrial composting plant and successfully resampled after a prerotting (11 days) and main rotting step (25 days). Afterward, both composted and original stickers were analyzed for surface and structural changes via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and micro- and nano-X-ray computed tomography (CT) combined with deep learning approaches. The composting resulted in substantial surface changes and degradation in the form of microbial colonization, deformation, and occurrence of cracks in all stickers. Their pore volumes increased from 16.7% in the original sticker to 26.3% at the end of the compost process. In a similar way, the carbonyl index of the stickers increased. Micro-CT images additionally revealed structural changes in the form of large adhesions that penetrated the surface of the sticker. These changes were accompanied by delamination after 25 days of composting, thus overall hinting at the degradation of the stickers and the subsequent formation of smaller microplastic pieces.", "keywords": ["Technology", "ddc:600", "ddc:550", "Composting", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "540", "Polypropylenes", "01 natural sciences", "620", "Soil", "Fruit", "Microscopy", " Electron", " Scanning", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/600", "Tomography", " X-Ray Computed", "0210 nano-technology", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.3c08734"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c08734"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/acs.est.3c08734", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/acs.est.3c08734", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/acs.est.3c08734"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-56266-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-28T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-27", "title": "Determining the effect of exogenous organic materials on spatial distribution of maize yield", "description": "AbstractKnowledge on spatial distribution of crop yield in relation to fixed soil fertilisation with exogenous organic materials is essential for improving precise crop and soil management practices within a field. This study assessed the effect of various application rates and types of exogenous (recycled) organic materials (EOMs) containing different organic matter and nitrogen contents vs. mineral nitrogen on the yield of maize by means of linear regressions (trends), spatial kriging-interpolated maps, and Bland-Altman statistics. The experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on two soils, i.e. loam silt in Braszowice (Poland) and clay silt loam in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice (Czech Republic) under a cross-border cooperation project. The organic materials included compost from manure, slurry, and straw (Ag), industrial organic compost from sewage sludge (Ra), animal meal from animal by-products (Mb), and digestate from a biogas fries factory (Dg). The following 3 application rates of each EOM were adjusted according to the reference 100%\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89200\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921: 50 (50% N from EOM and 50% mineral N), 75 (75% N from EOM and 25% mineral N), and 100 (100% N from EOM). 100% mineral N was applied on control plots. All treatments were carried out in 4 replicates. The linear regressions between the EOM application rates and the maize yield were in general ascending in the Braszowice soil and descending in the more productive Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice soil. The spatial kriging-interpolated maps allowed separating zones of lower and higher yields with EOMs compared to the control. They were attributed in part to the different EOM application rates and soil water contents. The Bland-Altaman statistics showed that addition of 50% of N from EOMs in 2013 caused a decrease and an increase in the maize grain yield in Braszowice and Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, respectively, whereas the inverse was true with the 75 and 100% EOM additions. In 2014, the yield of maize for silage increased with the increasing EOM application rate in Braszowice and decreased in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, but it was smaller on all EOM-amended plots than in the control. As shown by the limits of agreement lines, the maize yields were more even in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice than Braszowice. These results provide helpful information for selection of the most yield-producing EOM rates depending on the site soil conditions and prevalent weather conditions.Fruit growers apply fertilizer at high rates with soil organic matter (SOM) below 2.0%. As organically certified fertilizers are costly, our objective was to compare the effects of two modes of organic nitrogen nutrition to conventional control on plum tree yield and soil properties. The orchard is located on a Vertisol soil, and planted to plums in 1998. The tested treatments were: A) conventional control, receiving an average of 350 kg of N/ha per year; B) fertilization using cattle manure compost (15 tons/ha per year) + feather meal (1 ton/ha per year); and C) a combination of the same amount of compost + 500 kg of feather meal/ha per year + leguminous cover crop (alfalfa, Medicago sativa cv. Gilboa). By 2003, the SOM of treatment A remained stable and that of treatments B and C increased by 36% and 91%, respectively. As a result, soil bulk density of treatments B and C declined with no change in A. During the first year, levels of soil nutrients were lower in treatments B and C than those in A, but they became higher after 2 to 3 years. Nitrification capacity of the soils of treatments B and C was higher than that of treatment A. This enabled a drastic reduction of the application rates of organic amendments without resulting a decline in the soil's nutrient content in the organic treatments over the next 3 years, due to continued mineralization of the SOM pool. Various soil microbial characteristics (microbial counts, total hydrolytic activity, functional richness, and diversity) were determined. In all these parameters the organic treatments showed higher levels than treatment A. Stem circumferences and yields were similar for all treatments. It can be concluded that soil productivity is affected by SOM, so that after achieving a threshold level of SOM, fertilization needs are reduced considerably.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Composting and manuring", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "Fruit and berries"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Raviv, Michael, Iviani, Ido, Laor, Yael,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.997b"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/HortScience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21273/hortsci.41.4.997b", "name": "item", "description": "10.21273/hortsci.41.4.997b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.997b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma15207205", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:20:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-17", "title": "Performance of biodegradable biochar-added and bio-based plastic clips for growing tomatoes.", "description": "Increasing quantities of waste from using conventional plastic in agriculture and horticulture is one of the most pressing issues nowadays. Conventional plastic accessories (e.g., mulching films, clips, pots, strings, etc.) are typically fossil-derived, non-biodegradable and difficult to recycle after their use. Therefore, there is a need for biodegradable and bio-based alternatives with similar properties to conventional plastics, which can be disposed of through degradation in water, soil or compost under specific conditions. This work investigated the properties and the performance of biodegradable biochar-added and bio-based stem and arch support clips. In addition, the investigated clips were composted with tomato residues during 16 week laboratory composting. The scope of this work included: (1) the production of stem and arch support clips in a pilot installation using injection molding technology, (2) an analysis of their chemical composition, biodegradability, disintegration and phytotoxicity, (3) an evaluation of their performance in the greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes and (4) an evaluation of the composting of the clips with on-farm organic waste as an end-of-waste management method. The stem support clips during industrial composting (58 \uffc2\uffb0C) degraded at 100% after 20 weeks, whereas during home composting (30 \uffc2\uffb0C) the degradation was slow, and after 48 weeks the maximum weight loss was 5.43%. Disintegration during industrial composting resulted in 100% fragmentation into particles with sizes less than 2 mm. Phytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the substrates after industrial and home composting did not have a negative effect on the growth of the test plants (i.e., mustard, wheat, cuckooflower). The biochar-added stem support clips proved to be satisfactory alternatives to conventional non-biodegradable, fossil-derived clips and can be disposed of through composting. However, more work is needed to determine the optimal conditions for composting to ensure rapid degradation of the clips in relevant environments.
", "keywords": ["Arch support clips", "2. Zero hunger", "Composting", "Horticulture", "Biodegradable plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "Biodegradation", "Stem support clips", "biodegradable plastics; biochar; biodegradation; composting; horticulture; stem support clips; arch support clips", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/20/7205/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/20/7205/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207205"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma15207205", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma15207205", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma15207205"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:21:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-23", "description": "The effectiveness in increasing N recovery by maize (Zea mays L.) of N fertiliser (0, 60, 120 kg N ha-1 annum-1) and aerobically composted cattle manure (0, 12.5 Mg ha-1 annum-1 or 37.5 Mg ha-1 applied only in the first year) was determined when the two N sources were applied separately or in combination. A field experiment was established on a moderately leached sandy loam soil (Typic Kandiustalf) over three seasons, and N uptake was determined fortnightly from 4 weeks after planting (WAP) until harvest. Net N recovery during plant growth increased with N application rate (up to 90 kg N ha-1 in first season and up to 60 kg N ha-1 in second and third seasons). Net N recovery from manure during the growing period was relatively poor. There was no net recovery (up to 12 WAP) from annual application of manure during the first season and from first year application of the large rate of manure in the second season. Combined application of manure and N fertiliser increased net N recovery in all growing seasons (up to 120 kg N ha-1) above that achieved by separate applications of both N sources. There was a manure by N fertiliser interaction that enhanced N recovery, in two treatment combinations during the first season (low manure rate) and in the second season, and this was attributed to some non-N nutrient effects of the manure. Highest percentage increases in total N recovery at harvesting were observed when manure was combined with the low N fertiliser rate (60 kg N ha-1) (av. 58% in first season, 63% in third season) and limited further increases were recorded when the N fertiliser rate was doubled (120 kg N ha-1) (av. 15% in first season, 32% in third season). It was concluded that aerobically composted cattle manure from the smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe was a poor source of N for maize growth in the short-term, even at high application rates. Combined application of manure with judicious use of N fertiliser can be positively exploited by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe and other countries of sub-Saharan Africa, to increase yields through enhanced efficiency of use of scarce nutrient resources. Key Words: Aerobic composting, N mineralisation, N recovery, Zea mays R\u00c9SUM\u00c9 L'efficacit\u00e9 dans l'augmentation de N du r\u00e9tablissement du ma\u00bfs (Zea mays L.) de fertilisant N (0, 60, 120 kg N ha-1 annum-1) et le fumier de vache a\u00e9robicallement compost\u00e9 (0, 12,5 Mg ha-1 appliqu\u00e9 seulement en premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e) \u00e9tait d\u00e9termin\u00e9e quand les deux sources de N \u00e9taient appliqu\u00e9es s\u00e9par\u00e9ment ou en combinaison. Une exp\u00e9rience sur le terrain \u00e9tait \u00e9tablie sur un filtre de terre de sol sable (Typic Kandiustalf) au del\u00e0 de trois saisons, et la consommation de N \u00e9tait d\u00e9termin\u00e9e bimensuellement \u00e1 partir de quatre semaines apr\u00e8s la plantation (WAP) jusqu'\u00e0 la r\u00e9colte. Le r\u00e9tablissement net de N pendant la croissance de la plante a augment\u00e9 avec le taux d'application de N (jusqu'\u00e0 90 kg N ha-1 en premi\u00e8re saison et jusqu'\u00e0 60 kg N ha-1 en seconde et troisi\u00e8me saisons). Le r\u00e9tablissement net de N \u00e1 partir du fumier durant la p\u00e9riode de croissance \u00e9tait relativement pauvre. Il n'y avait pas r\u00e9tablissement (jusqu'\u00e0 12 WAP)\u00e1 partir de l'application annuelle durant la premi\u00e8re saison et \u00e1 partir de la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e d'application du large taux de fumier dans la seconde saison. L'application combin\u00e9e du fumier et du fertilisant N a augment\u00e9 le r\u00e9tablissement net dans toutes les saisons de croissance (jusqu'\u00e0 120 kg N ha-1) au del\u00e0 de celui accomplit par les applications s\u00e9par\u00e9es de deux sources de N. Il y avait un fumier par l'interaction du fertilisant N qui a am\u00e9lior\u00e9 le r\u00e9tablissement de N, dans deux combinaisons de traitement pendant la premi\u00e8re saison (faible taux de fumier) et dans la seconde saison, et ceci \u00e9tait attribu\u00e9 aux non effets des substances N du fumier. Les augmentations \u00e9lev\u00e9es du pourcentage dans le r\u00e9tablissement total de N \u00e1 la r\u00e9colte \u00e9taient observ\u00e9es quand le fumier \u00e9tait combin\u00e9 avec le faible taux de fertilisant N (60 kg N ha-1) (av. 58% en premi\u00e8re saison, 63% en troisi\u00e8me saison) et davantage augmentations \u00e9taient enregistr\u00e9es quand le taux de fertilisant \u00e9tait doubl\u00e9 (120 kg N ha-1) (av. 15% en premi\u00e8re saison, 32% en troisi\u00e8me saison). Il \u00e9tait conclu que le fumier de vache a\u00e9robicallement compost\u00e9 des fermiers des petites surfaces du Zimbabwe \u00e9tait une pauvre source de N pour la croissance de ma\u00bfs \u00e0 court terme, m\u00eame aux taux d'application \u00e9lev\u00e9s. L'application combin\u00e9e du fumier avec un usage judicieux du fertilisant N peut \u00eatre positivement exploit\u00e9e par les petits fermiers au Zimbabwe et autres pays de l'Afrique sub-Saharienne, pour augmenter les rendements \u00e0 travers l'efficacit\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9e de l'usage des rares ressources des substances. Mots Cl\u00e9s: Compost a\u00e9robic, min\u00e9ralisation de N, r\u00e9tablissement de N, Zea mays African Crop Science Journal Vol.11(4) 2003: 289-300", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "r\u00e9tablissement de N", "Compost a\u00e9robic", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "min\u00e9ralisation de N", "01 natural sciences", "N mineralisation", "N recovery", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Aerobic composting", " N mineralisation", " N recovery", " Zea mays", "Aerobic composting"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nyamangara, J., Piha, M.I., Giller, K.E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/African%20Crop%20Science%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "name": "item", "description": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/399158", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:23:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-17", "title": "Plastic input and dynamics in industrial composting", "description": "Green and biowaste, processed within large facilities into compost, is a key fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural soils. However, due to improper waste disposal of plastic, its residues often remain or even lead to the formation ofmicroplastics (1\u00a0\u00b5m - 5\u00a0mm, MiPs) in the final compost product. To better understand the processes, we first quantified 'macroplastics' (> 20\u00a0mm, MaPs) input via biowaste collection into an industrial composting plant, and, then determined MiP concentrations at five stages during the composting process (before and after shredding and screening processes), and in the water used for irrigation. The total concentrations of MaPs in the biowaste collected from four different German districts ranged from 0.36 to 1.95\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste, with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) representing the most abundant types. The 'non-foil' and 'foil' plastics occurred in similar amounts (0.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste), with an average load of 0.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1 and 0.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1, respectively. Only 0.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg MaP t-1 biowaste was biodegradable plastic. Compost treatment by shredding tripled the total number of MaPs and MiPs to 33 items kg-1, indicating an enrichment of particles during the process and potential fragmentation. Noticeably, a substantial amount of small MiPs (up to 22,714\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02,975 particles L-1) were found in the rainwater used for compost moistening, being thus an additional, generally overlooked plastic source for compost. Our results highlight that reducing plastic input via biowaste is key for minimizing MiP contamination of compost.", "keywords": ["ddc:550", "Composting", "Industrial Waste", "600", "Biowaste", "Irrigation water", "Microplastic pollution", "620", "Refuse Disposal", "Soil", "Waste Management", "Fragmentation", "Germany", "Life Science", "Fertilizers", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/399158"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/399158", "name": "item", "description": "10261/399158", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/399158"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2996829913", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-28T16:24:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-27", "title": "Determining the effect of exogenous organic materials on spatial distribution of maize yield", "description": "AbstractKnowledge on spatial distribution of crop yield in relation to fixed soil fertilisation with exogenous organic materials is essential for improving precise crop and soil management practices within a field. This study assessed the effect of various application rates and types of exogenous (recycled) organic materials (EOMs) containing different organic matter and nitrogen contents vs. mineral nitrogen on the yield of maize by means of linear regressions (trends), spatial kriging-interpolated maps, and Bland-Altman statistics. The experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on two soils, i.e. loam silt in Braszowice (Poland) and clay silt loam in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice (Czech Republic) under a cross-border cooperation project. The organic materials included compost from manure, slurry, and straw (Ag), industrial organic compost from sewage sludge (Ra), animal meal from animal by-products (Mb), and digestate from a biogas fries factory (Dg). The following 3 application rates of each EOM were adjusted according to the reference 100%\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89200\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921: 50 (50% N from EOM and 50% mineral N), 75 (75% N from EOM and 25% mineral N), and 100 (100% N from EOM). 100% mineral N was applied on control plots. All treatments were carried out in 4 replicates. The linear regressions between the EOM application rates and the maize yield were in general ascending in the Braszowice soil and descending in the more productive Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice soil. The spatial kriging-interpolated maps allowed separating zones of lower and higher yields with EOMs compared to the control. They were attributed in part to the different EOM application rates and soil water contents. The Bland-Altaman statistics showed that addition of 50% of N from EOMs in 2013 caused a decrease and an increase in the maize grain yield in Braszowice and Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, respectively, whereas the inverse was true with the 75 and 100% EOM additions. In 2014, the yield of maize for silage increased with the increasing EOM application rate in Braszowice and decreased in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, but it was smaller on all EOM-amended plots than in the control. As shown by the limits of agreement lines, the maize yields were more even in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice than Braszowice. These results provide helpful information for selection of the most yield-producing EOM rates depending on the site soil conditions and prevalent weather conditions. 20\u00a0mm, MaPs) input via biowaste collection into an industrial composting plant, and, then determined MiP concentrations at five stages during the composting process (before and after shredding and screening processes), and in the water used for irrigation. The total concentrations of MaPs in the biowaste collected from four different German districts ranged from 0.36 to 1.95\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste, with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) representing the most abundant types. The 'non-foil' and 'foil' plastics occurred in similar amounts (0.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste), with an average load of 0.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1 and 0.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1, respectively. Only 0.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg MaP t-1 biowaste was biodegradable plastic. Compost treatment by shredding tripled the total number of MaPs and MiPs to 33 items kg-1, indicating an enrichment of particles during the process and potential fragmentation. Noticeably, a substantial amount of small MiPs (up to 22,714\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02,975 particles L-1) were found in the rainwater used for compost moistening, being thus an additional, generally overlooked plastic source for compost. Our results highlight that reducing plastic input via biowaste is key for minimizing MiP contamination of compost.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Waste Management", "ddc:550", "Composting", "Germany", "Life Science", "Industrial Waste", "600", "Fertilizers", "Plastics", "620", "Refuse Disposal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/39693994"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "39693994", "name": "item", "description": "39693994", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/39693994"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11044595", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:27:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-10", "title": "Plastic Fruit Stickers in Industrial Composting\u2500Surface and Structural Alterations Revealed by Electron Microscopy and Computed Tomography", "description": "Often large quantities of plastics are found in compost, with price look-up stickers being a major but little-explored component in the contamination path. Stickers glued to fruit or vegetable peels usually remain attached to the organic material despite sorting processes in the composting plant. Here, we investigated the effects of industrial composting on the structural alterations of these stickers. Commercial polypropylene (PP) stickers on banana peels were added to a typical organic material mixture for processing in an industrial composting plant and successfully resampled after a prerotting (11 days) and main rotting step (25 days). Afterward, both composted and original stickers were analyzed for surface and structural changes via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and micro- and nano-X-ray computed tomography (CT) combined with deep learning approaches. The composting resulted in substantial surface changes and degradation in the form of microbial colonization, deformation, and occurrence of cracks in all stickers. Their pore volumes increased from 16.7% in the original sticker to 26.3% at the end of the compost process. In a similar way, the carbonyl index of the stickers increased. Micro-CT images additionally revealed structural changes in the form of large adhesions that penetrated the surface of the sticker. These changes were accompanied by delamination after 25 days of composting, thus overall hinting at the degradation of the stickers and the subsequent formation of smaller microplastic pieces.", "keywords": ["Technology", "ddc:600", "ddc:550", "Composting", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "540", "Polypropylenes", "01 natural sciences", "620", "Soil", "Fruit", "Microscopy", " Electron", " Scanning", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/600", "Tomography", " X-Ray Computed", "0210 nano-technology", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.3c08734"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11044595"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11044595", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11044595", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11044595"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC6934453", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:27:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-27", "title": "Determining the effect of exogenous organic materials on spatial distribution of maize yield", "description": "Abstract
Knowledge on spatial distribution of crop yield in relation to fixed soil fertilisation with exogenous organic materials is essential for improving precise crop and soil management practices within a field. This study assessed the effect of various application rates and types of exogenous (recycled) organic materials (EOMs) containing different organic matter and nitrogen contents vs. mineral nitrogen on the yield of maize by means of linear regressions (trends), spatial kriging-interpolated maps, and Bland-Altman statistics. The experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on two soils, i.e. loam silt in Braszowice (Poland) and clay silt loam in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice (Czech Republic) under a cross-border cooperation project. The organic materials included compost from manure, slurry, and straw (Ag), industrial organic compost from sewage sludge (Ra), animal meal from animal by-products (Mb), and digestate from a biogas fries factory (Dg). The following 3 application rates of each EOM were adjusted according to the reference 100%\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89200\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921: 50 (50% N from EOM and 50% mineral N), 75 (75% N from EOM and 25% mineral N), and 100 (100% N from EOM). 100% mineral N was applied on control plots. All treatments were carried out in 4 replicates. The linear regressions between the EOM application rates and the maize yield were in general ascending in the Braszowice soil and descending in the more productive Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice soil. The spatial kriging-interpolated maps allowed separating zones of lower and higher yields with EOMs compared to the control. They were attributed in part to the different EOM application rates and soil water contents. The Bland-Altaman statistics showed that addition of 50% of N from EOMs in 2013 caused a decrease and an increase in the maize grain yield in Braszowice and Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, respectively, whereas the inverse was true with the 75 and 100% EOM additions. In 2014, the yield of maize for silage increased with the increasing EOM application rate in Braszowice and decreased in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, but it was smaller on all EOM-amended plots than in the control. As shown by the limits of agreement lines, the maize yields were more even in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice than Braszowice. These results provide helpful information for selection of the most yield-producing EOM rates depending on the site soil conditions and prevalent weather conditions.