{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-07", "title": "Current use of copper, mineral oils and sulphur for plant protection in organic horticultural crops across 10 European countries", "description": "The use of several plant protection inputs of mineral origin, such as copper, sulphur or mineral oils is seen as contentious by many consumers and stakeholders within the organic sector. Although the use of these inputs is legal in organic systems and also applied in non-organic agriculture, their use by organic growers raises questions for organic practice, which aspires to be free from toxic, non-renewable chemicals. Data on the current use of permitted plant protection inputs is currently scarce, especially in horticulture where chemical inputs deserve special attention since horticultural products are often readily edible. A mapping of the use of copper, sulphur and mineral oils was conducted by collecting expert knowledge across 10 European countries during May\u2013October 2018, i.e. before the limitation of copper use to 4\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 from February 1, 2019. Results show that copper is widely used by Mediterranean organic growers in citrus, olive, tomato and potato production. The annual limit of 6\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 was not always respected. We also found that tomato producers apply high amounts of copper in winter crops in greenhouses. Mineral oils are applied to control scales, mites and whiteflies. Sulphur is also commonly used by organic vegetable growers, especially in greenhouses. We conclude that the high usage found in various different crops (especially Mediterranean crops) confirms the need for researching alternatives.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "plant protection", "571", "Crop health", " quality", " protection", "Mediterranean crops", "Greenhouse crops", "tomato", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy", "Organic-PLUSX", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Contentious inputs", "Vegetables", "FiBL60073", "Mediterranean crops", " Greenhouse crops", " Tomato", " Contentious inputs", " plant protection", "Abacus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unict.it/bitstream/20.500.11769/494877/1/Katsoulas2020_Article_CurrentUseOfCopperMineralOilsA%20%282%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Organic%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13165-020-00330-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-19", "title": "Application of Mycorrhiza and Soil from a Permaculture System Improved Phosphorus Acquisition in Naranjilla", "description": "Naranjilla (Solanum quitoense) is a perennial shrub plant mainly cultivated in Ecuador, Colombia, and Central America where it represents an important cash crop. Current cultivation practices not only cause deforestation and large-scale soil degradation but also make plants highly susceptible to pests and diseases. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can offer a possibility to overcome these problems. AMF can act beneficially in various ways, for example by improving plant nutrition and growth, water relations, soil structure and stability and protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the impact of AMF inoculation on growth and nutrition parameters of naranjilla has been assessed. For inoculation three European reference AMF strains (Rhizoglomus irregulare, Claroideoglomus claroideum, and Cetraspora helvetica) and soils originating from three differently managed naranjilla plantations in Ecuador (conventional, organic, and permaculture) have been used. This allowed for a comparison of the performance of exotic AMF strains (reference strains) versus native consortia contained in the three soils used as inocula. To study fungal communities present in the three soils, trap cultures have been established using naranjilla as host plant. The community structures of AMF and other fungi inhabiting the roots of trap cultured naranjilla were assessed using next generation sequencing (NGS) methods. The growth response experiment has shown that two of the three reference AMF strains, a mixture of the three and soil from a permaculture site led to significantly better acquisition of phosphorus (up to 104%) compared to uninoculated controls. These results suggest that the use of AMF strains and local soils as inoculants represent a valid approach to improve nutrient uptake efficiency of naranjilla and consequently to reduce inputs of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation process. Improved phosphorus acquisition after inoculation with permaculture soil might have been caused by a higher abundance of AMF and the presence of Piriformospora indica as revealed by NGS. A higher frequency of AMF and enhanced root colonization rates in the trap cultures supplemented with permaculture soil highlight the importance of diverse agricultural systems for soil quality and crop production.", "keywords": ["next generation sequencing", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "permaculture", "0303 health sciences", "Piriformospora indica", "Crop health", " quality", " protection", "Plant culture", "naranjilla", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Plant Science", "15. Life on land", "fungal communities", "SB1-1110", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "naranjilla", " arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", " fungal communities", " Piriformospora indica", " farming practices", " permaculture", " next generation sequencing", "farming practices", "Sciences exactes et naturelles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/333899/1/doi_317543.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1d2bcffe-e95f-4578-9b16-047834bc4724", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.09, 50.77], [8.09, 53.41], [15.18, 53.41], [15.18, 50.77], [8.09, 50.77]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Human health and safety"}, {"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Land use"}, {"id": "Human health and safety"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "plant pathology"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "plant pathology"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "crop health"}, {"id": "crop diseases"}, {"id": "mycotoxins"}, {"id": "Fusarium"}, {"id": "Verticillium"}, {"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of ZALF research activities\". Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF and Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. If access to actual data is requested, please contact the data owner/author because these underlay an embargo.", "updated": "2020-01-17", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-05-14", "language": "eng", "title": "Crop health agroforestry Beule 2019", "description": "This data obtained from paired cropland agroforestry and monoculture systems during 2016 to 2018. In each replicate plot of the agroforestry systems, harvest samples were taken within the crop row at distances of 1 m, 4 m, 7 m, and 24 m (Jena, Cottbus, and Braunschweig) or 1 m, 4 m, and 7 m (G\u00f6ttingen) from the tree row. In the monoculture systems, harvest samples were taken in each replicate plot. Harvest samples include barley and wheat grain, as well as oilseed rape plants.\nThe geographic locations of the study sites were made anonymous to enable anonymity of the land owners. The geographic locations of the study sites are available from the authors upon reasonable request.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Human health and safety", "Land use", "Boden", "Land use", "Human health and safety", "plant pathology", "plant pathology", "crop health", "crop diseases", "mycotoxins", "Fusarium", "Verticillium", "opendata"], "contacts": [{"name": "Lukas Beule", "organization": "University of Goettingen, Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lukas.beule@agr.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Ena Lehtsaar", "organization": "University of Goettingen, Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ena.lehtsaar@stud.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data'  - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Anna  Rathgeb", "organization": "University of Goettingen, Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "anna.rathgeb@agr.uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Petr Karlovsky", "organization": "University of Goettingen, Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "pkarlov@gwdg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "University of Goettingen, Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&doi=https://doi.org/10.20387/BonaRes-XPWF-EY08", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1d2bcffe-e95f-4578-9b16-047834bc4724", "name": "item", "description": "1d2bcffe-e95f-4578-9b16-047834bc4724", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1d2bcffe-e95f-4578-9b16-047834bc4724"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-17T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Crop+health&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Crop+health&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Crop+health&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Crop+health&offset=3", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 3, "numberReturned": 3, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-26T12:15:52.663556Z"}