{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-17", "title": "Soil Microbial Properties During Decomposition Of Pulse Crop And Legume Green Manure Residues In Three Consecutive Subsequent Crops", "description": "

Crop residue decomposition not only is mainly driven by, but also affects, soil microorganisms. However, soil microbial responses to legume crops are usually studied only in one subsequent crop. We compared the soil microbial effects of pea (Pisum sativa L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) pulse crops (grown for seed) with faba green manure (GM) and chickling vetch (Lathyrus sativus L.) GM crops in three subsequent crops. Soil microbial biomass C (MBC), \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase enzyme activity, and bacterial physiological (C substrate utilization) diversity were measured in the summer (rhizosphere and bulk soil) and fall (bulk soil) in all subsequent crops: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), canola (Brassica napus L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Residues of faba bean (grown for GM, herein called faba GM, or for seed, herein called faba bean) usually resulted in the most soil MBC and \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase activity relative to the other residues. Faba and vetch GM residues increased bulk soil MBC or \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase enzyme activity more than pulse crop residues in the first and (or) third subsequent crops. Soil MBC and \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase activities were often positively correlated with initial crop residue N concentrations and negatively correlated with initial C:N ratios or C concentrations. Bacterial physiological diversity was the least responsive to crop residues and was affected differently by sampling time. \uffce\uffb2-Glucosidase activity was always greater in the fall after crop harvest than in summer. Therefore, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase activity was a more sensitive and consistent biological indicator of crop residue effects, and perhaps soil health, than MBC or bacterial physiological diversity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "571", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2016-0039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0039", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2016-0039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-10", "title": "Distribution Of Soil Organic Carbon In The Light And Heavy Fractions For Six Shelterbelt Species And Their Adjacent Agricultural Fields In Saskatchewan", "description": "Agroforestry systems play an important role in the sequestration of carbon (C) to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. However, the extent of long-term C sequestration will depend on physical stabilization of the sequestered C. This study determined the influence of six major shelterbelt species on soil organic carbon (SOC) distribution in the light- and heavy-density fractions of bulk soil compared with adjacent agricultural fields. Soil samples were collected from the shelterbelts and adjacent agricultural fields and were separated into light and heavy fractions using sodium iodide solution (NaI, density\u2009=\u20091.6\u00a0g cm\u22123) and analyzed for their organic C stocks. Both the light and heavy fractions to a 50\u00a0cm soil depth contained higher SOC stocks for the shelterbelts (21 and 91 Mg C ha\u22121, respectively) compared with the adjacent agricultural fields (14 and 81 Mg C ha\u22121, respectively). Most SOC added at the 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil depth was in the form of labile light fraction (92%), whereas heavy fraction co...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ken C.J. Van Rees, Gurbir Singh Dhillon,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2017-0010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2017-0010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-08-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-13", "title": "Carbon Allocation And Fate In Paddy Soil Depending On Phosphorus Fertilization And Water Management: Results Of C-13 Continuous Labelling Of Rice", "description": "

We grew rice in phosphorus (P) deficient subtropical paddy soil in a field study and used 13CO2 continuous labelling to investigate photosynthetic carbon (C) partitioning and allocation under FLOOD versus WET/DRY conditions, with and without P fertilization (80\uffc2\uffa0mg P kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The plants and soil were sampled after each of three WET/DRY cycles to determine 13C allocation in above- and belowground plant biomass, microbial biomass, the rhizosphere, and bulk soil. Irrespective of water management, P-fertilized plants had higher biomass and P content and more total 13C in the rice-soil system, especially the 13C incorporation into the shoots (51%\uffe2\uff80\uff9396%), than samples without P fertilization. Root and bulk-soil 13C were largely independent of both P fertilization and water management. However, by the third sampling, P fertilization had increased the amount of 13C and microbial biomass 13C in the rhizosphere soil (RS) by 28% (WET/DRY) and 95% (FLOOD), and by 47% (WET/DRY) and 50% (FLOOD), respectively. The WET/DRY condition had significantly higher microbial biomass and 13C contents than FLOOD condition only in the RS. These results indicate that a well-established aboveground plant biomass following P fertilization is required to increase belowground C allocation. Thus, WET/DRY conditions, like FLOOD conditions, can provide moisture sufficient for unhindered P availability in rice-paddy system.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "330", "Microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "Paddy soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "14. Life underwater", "Rice photosynthesised C", "Phosphorus deficiency", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0094", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-01-24", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration By Shelterbelt Agroforestry Systems In Saskatchewan", "description": "Carbon (C) sequestration through the implementation of agroforestry practices is identified as one of the major strategies in the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to examine the soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration potential of major shelterbelt species, including green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), hybrid poplar (Populus spp.), Manitoba maple (Acer negundo), white spruce (Picea glauca), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and caragana (Caragana arborescens), ranging in age from 5 to 63\u00a0yr. Soil samples (0\u201350\u00a0cm) were collected for six major shelterbelt species and adjacent agricultural fields, and SOC concentration was determined. Shelterbelts had a significantly higher amount of SOC compared with adjacent agricultural fields, with an average difference of 18.6 Mg C ha\u22121 in the top 50\u00a0cm soil. An additional 3\u20138 Mg C ha\u22121 was contained in the tree litter layer. Younger shelterbelts (age less than 20 yr) tended to lose SOC in the early ...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gurbir Singh Dhillon, Ken C.J. Van Rees,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2016-0094"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0094", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2016-0094", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2016-0094"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0082", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Influence Of Long-Term Application Of Stockpiled Feedlot Manure With Straw Or Wood-Chip Bedding On Net Nitrogen Mineralization And Nitrification In A Clay Loam Soil", "description": "Little research has been conducted on the influence of land application of stockpiled feedlot manure (SM) containing either wood-chip (WD) or straw (ST) bedding on soil net N mineralization (Nm) and nitrification (Nn) rates during the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) silage growing season. The stockpiled manure containing ST or WD bedding at 77 Mg (dry weight) ha\u22121 yr\u22121 was annually applied for 13\u201316 yr to a clay loam soil in a field experiment in southern Alberta. The net Nm and Nn rates were measured using the \u201cin situ-soil core\u201d method over 30\u201333\u00a0d (Nm1, Nn1) and 46\u201350\u00a0d (Nm2, Nn2) in each of 4 yr (2011\u20132014). Net Nm1 rates were generally significantly (P\u2009\u2264\u20090.05) greater for ST (1.0\u20131.9\u00a0mg N kg\u22121 d\u22121) than WD (0.1\u20130.9\u00a0mg N kg\u22121 d\u22121). Net Nn1 rates were also generally significantly greater for ST (0.9\u20132.0\u00a0mg N kg\u22121 d\u22121) than WD (0.03\u20130.9\u00a0mg N kg\u22121 d\u22121). Similar trends were found for Nm2 and Nn2. The Nn rates, however, were limited by NH4 supply during the incubations as Nm:Nn ratios were typically <1 with re...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2017-0082"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0082", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2017-0082", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2017-0082"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x00-099", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "title": "Phosphorus Forms And Related Soil Chemistry Of Podzolic Soils On Northern Vancouver Island. Ii. The Effects Of Clear-Cutting And Burning", "description": "

When cedar-hemlock (CH) forests of northern Vancouver Island are clear-cut and replanted, growth of replanted trees is often poor. This growth check can be overcome with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization, suggesting that it may be because of deficiencies of these elements. A widely used site-preparation tool in these forests is slash burning. Because fire is known to alter nutrient cycling in forests, this burning may be contributing to the problem of poor seedling growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare P in forest floor and soils from clear-cut CH stands 10 years, 5 years, and immediately after burning to P concentrations and forms in undisturbed old growth CH stands. Analytical methods included extraction and digestion procedures, fractionation and31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Soon after burning, an 'ashbed effect' was noted, with increased pH and higher concentrations of available P in surface soil horizons. Available P concentrations and pH returned to preburn levels within 10 years. However, destruction of organic matter appeared to disrupt illuviation processes throughout the soil profile, producing long-term changes in organic matter, organic P, and organically complexed Fe and Al in lower mineral horizons. Total P concentrations were unchanged, but there was a shift from organic to inorganic P forms and changes in P forms with time at depth in the profile. These changes in P distribution and movement in the soil may contribute to the growth check observed in these forests.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x00-099"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x00-099", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x00-099", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x00-099"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x01-106", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Temporal And Spatial Variation Of Nitrogen Transformations In Nitrogen-Saturated Soils Of A Central Appalachian Hardwood Forest", "description": "

We studied temporal and spatial patterns of soil nitrogen (N) dynamics from 1993 to 1995 in three watersheds of Fernow Experimental Forest, W.V.: WS7 (24-year-old, untreated); WS4 (mature, untreated); and WS3 (24-year-old, treated with (NH4)2SO4 since 1989 at the rate of 35 kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha–1\uffc2\uffb7year–1). Net nitrification was 141, 114, and 115 kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha–1\uffc2\uffb7year–1, for WS3, WS4, and WS7, respectively, essentially 100% of net N mineralization for all watersheds. Temporal (seasonal) patterns of nitrification were significantly related to soil moisture and ambient temperature in untreated watersheds only. Spatial patterns of soil water NO3– of WS4 suggest that microenvironmental variability limits rates of N processing in some areas of this N-saturated watershed, in part by ericaceous species in the herbaceous layer. Spatial patterns of soil water NO3– in treated WS3 suggest that later stages of N saturation may result in higher concentrations with less spatial variability. Spatial variability in soil N variables was lower in treated WS3 versus untreated watersheds. Nitrogen additions have altered the response of N-processing microbes to environmental factors, becoming less sensitive to seasonal changes in soil moisture and temperature. Biotic processes responsible for regulating N dynamics may be compromised in N-saturated forest ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-106"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x01-106", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x01-106", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x01-106"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x01-162", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "title": "Douglas-Fir Soil C And N Properties A Decade After Termination Of Urea Fertilization", "description": "

Chemical and microbial soil properties were assessed in paired unfertilized and urea fertilized (>89 g N\uffc2\uffb7m–2) plots in 13 second-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands distributed throughout western Washington and Oregon. A decade following the termination of fertilization, fertilized plots averaged 28% higher total N in the O layer than unfertilized plots, 24% higher total N in surface (0–5 cm) mineral soil, and up to four times the amount of extractable ammonium and nitrate. Decreased pH (0.2 pH units) caused by fertilization may have been due to nitrification or enhanced cation uptake. In some soil layers, fertilization decreased cellulase activity and soil respiration but increased wood decomposition. There was no effect of fertilization on concentrations of light and heavy fractions, labile carbohydrates, and phosphatase and xylanase activities. No increase in soil organic C was detected, although variability precluded observing an increase of less than ~15%. Lack of a regionwide fertilization influence on soil organic C contrasts with several site-specific forest and agricultural studies that have shown C increases resulting from fertilization. Overall, the results indicate a substantial residual influence on soil N a decade after urea fertilization but much more limited influence on soil C processes and pools.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Phillip Sollins, Christopher W. Swanston, Bruce A. Caldwell, H. N. Chappell, Peter S. Homann,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-162"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x01-162", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x01-162", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x01-162"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x02-186", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-19", "title": "Whole-Seedling Biomass Allocation, Leaf Area, And Tissue Chemistry For Douglas-Fir Exposed To Elevated Co2and Temperature For 4 Years", "description": "

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were grown under ambient or elevated ( ambient + 180 \uffc2\uffb5mol\uffc2\uffb7mol–1) CO2 and ambient or elevated (ambient + 3.5\uffc2\uffb0C) temperature in outdoor, sunlit chambers with a field soil. After 4 years, seedlings were harvested and measured for leaf area, leaf, fine root (<1 mm diameter), and structural (buds, branches, stems, main root, and lateral roots >1 mm in diameter) dry masses, and leaf and fine root C/N ratio, percent sugar, and percent cellulose. Elevated CO2 did not affect biomass production or allocation for any plant organ but increased specific leaf mass, leaf C/N ratio, and percent sugar and decreased the ratio of leaf area to structural weight and leaf percent cellulose. Elevated temperature tended to reduce biomass allocation to leaves and leaf sugar concentration. Fine root percent sugar tended to increase with elevated temperature but only at elevated CO2. Therefore, for Douglas-fir seedlings growing under naturally limiting soil moisture and nutrition conditions, elevated CO2 and temperature may have little impact on biomass or leaf area except for reduced specific leaf mass with elevated CO2 and reduced biomass allocation to leaves with elevated temperature. However, both elevated CO2 and temperature may alter leaf chemistry.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Erica VanEss, Claudia Wise, David M. Olszyk, Mark Johnson, Annick Benson, Marjorie J. Storm, Paul T. Rygiewicz, Richard King, David T. Tingey,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-186"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x02-186", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x02-186", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x02-186"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x01-126", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "title": "Forest Soil Characteristics In A Chronosequence Of Harvested Douglas-Fir Forests", "description": "

This study was designed to measure the microbiological and chemical characteristics of forest soils in a chronosequence of harvested Douglas-fir (Pseusotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands in different climatic settings. Mineral soil samples were collected along transects running from old-growth (OG) forests into harvested stands of ages 5, 15, and 40 years (5YS, 15YS, and 40YS, respectively) in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the central Oregon Cascade Mountains. We took litter depth measurements and cores to test for the presence of mycorrhizal mats at each sampling location. Denitrification potential was significantly lower in OG than in 5YS, and litter depth, forest floor respiration rate, and concentration of ectomycorrhizal mats were significantly greater in OG than in 5YS. Values were intermediate in 15YS and similar to those measured in OG in 40YS. No significant stand-age differences occurred in soil organic matter, soil moisture, pH, mineralizable N, laboratory soil respiration rate, or extractable ammonium. Sample variability was generally lowest in OG forests and highest in 5YS, and no consistent autocorrelations were observed for any of the variables at lags of 5 m or greater. We found no second-level interactions between stand age and location in ANOVA analyses, suggesting that, within the limits of this study, climate did not influence soil response to disturbance and subsequent recovery; however, several soil properties were affected by site location and, therefore, climate.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Robert P. Griffiths, Alan K. Swanson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-126"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x01-126", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x01-126", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x01-126"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x02-009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-10-01", "title": "Aboveground Biomass And Nutrient Accumulation 20 Years After Clear-Cutting A Southern Appalachian Watershed", "description": "

In 1975, we initiated a long-term interdisciplinary study of forest watershed ecosystem response to clear-cutting and cable logging in watershed 7 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. This paper describes [Formula: see text]20 years of change in species composition, aboveground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and nutrient pools in the 59-ha mixed hardwood forest of watershed 7 following commercial clear-cutting in winter 1977. We measured woody species in 24 permanently marked plots before cutting in 1974 and during subsequent years (1977–1997). By 1997 ([Formula: see text]20 years after cutting), aboveground biomass was 81.7, 96.9, and 85.4 Mg\uffc2\uffb7ha–1in the cove hardwood; mesic, mixed-oak; and dry, mixed-oak communities, respectively. Leaf biomass and LAI accumulated relatively faster than total aboveground biomass in all three communities. By 1984, only 7–8 years after cutting, leaf biomass and LAI were nearly equal to the amount estimated for the precut forest. In 1997, nitrogen accumulation was 36, 44, and 61% and phosphorus accumulation was 48, 66, and 59% in the cove-hardwoods; mesic, mixed-oak; and dry, mixed-oak communities of the corresponding precut communities, respectively. Potassium, calcium, and magnesium accumulations were less than either nitrogen or phosphorus accumulation.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wayne T. Swank, Katherine J. Elliott, Lindsay R. Boring,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x02-009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x02-009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x02-009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x02-184", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-19", "title": "Nitrogen Mineralization Dynamics Following The Establishment Of A Loblolly Pine Plantation", "description": "

The USDA Forest Service initiated a national study in the early 1990s to examine the effects of organic matter removal, compaction, and vegetation control on tree growth and soil processes at several locations across the United States and Canada. Our study was undertaken on the Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina installation during the second and the fifth growing seasons following loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation establishment. We used the in situ soil core incubation method to assess net N mineralization, and collections were conducted monthly from March to December in 1993 and 1996. The largest differences in N mineralization resulted from soil type differences between blocks. Organic matter removal did not affect N mineralization in either year; however, compaction reduced N mineralization during both years. Vegetation control had a pronounced positive effect on N mineralization and was only slightly less important as compared with soil type. Mineralization rates in year 5 were 80% less than in year 2. We hypothesized that the high N mineralization rates in year 2 may be related to a decrease in the input of soluble organic C following harvest (reducing immobilization), a quick mineralization of microbial N, fluctuating soil temperature and water conditions, and fine roots and litter biomass input following harvest.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-184"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x02-184", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x02-184", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x02-184"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x02-187", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-19", "title": "Urea Fertilizations Of A Norway Spruce Stand: Effects On Nitrogen In Soil Water And Field-Layer Vegetation After Final Felling", "description": "

Effects of previous fertilization with N (in total, 600 kg urea-N\uffc2\uffb7ha–1 applied in 1976, 1980, and 1985) were studied after final felling in 1992 of a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand in southern Sweden. The logging residues were removed from the site. In the clearcut, soil water at 50 cm depth was sampled 16 times with ceramic suction samplers (P80) in experimental plots during 1992–1995. The biomass and N content of the field layer was measured on seven occasions. The N storage of the field layer was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the urea treatment than in the control. Significant interactions between treatment and time were found in soil water for nitrate-N and total N but not for ammonium-N, organic N, and pH. During the first year after final felling, nitrate-N tended to increase faster in the urea treatment than in the control. After a period with similar concentrations in both treatments, nitrate-N in the urea treatment declined while at the same time, a peak was observed in the control showing four to seven times higher concentrations than in the urea treatment. At the end of the study, the concentrations still appeared to be highest in the control. Thus, the study demonstrated the importance of using a sufficiently long study period when investigating environmental effects. Total leaching of nitrate-N from the urea treatment was roughly 40% ([Formula: see text]20 kg\uffc2\uffb7ha–1) less than that from the control. The difference in leaching may be partly explained by the greater accumulation of N in the field-layer vegetation in the urea treatment.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x02-187"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x02-187", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x02-187", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x02-187"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x03-080", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-09-13", "title": "Microbial Biomass, Nitrogen And Phosphorus Mineralization, And Mesofauna In Boreal Conifer And Deciduous Forest Floors Following Partial And Clear-Cut Harvesting", "description": "

The effects of partial and clear-cut harvesting on forest floor physical, chemical, and biological properties, forest floor mesofauna, and nutrient cycling were investigated in conifer- and deciduous-dominated stands of Alberta's mixedwood boreal forest. Forest floor samples were collected 2.5 years after harvest from clearcuts, strip-cut corridors in a partial cut, green tree retention patches in a partial cut, and uncut control sites. Partial cuts showed intermediate decreases in annual litter input and NH4-N between uncut and clear-cut sites of both the deciduous and conifer stands, as did microbial biomass, PO4-P, mesofauna abundance (total, Acari, and Collembola), and fine root biomass in the conifer stands. In the deciduous stands, microbial biomass and fine root biomass in partial- and clear-cut treatments were not significantly different, but were significantly reduced compared with the uncut controls. Mesofauna abundance was reduced in the corridors of the partial-cut treatment compared with partial-cut patch, clear-cut, and uncut treatments. In both deciduous and conifer stands, NO3-N was elevated in the partial-cut corridors and clearcuts compared with partial-cut patch and uncut treatments. Findings from this study show that negative impact to forest floor properties associated with clear-cut harvesting may be reduced in partial-cut harvesting systems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x03-080"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x03-080", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x03-080", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x03-080"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x03-169", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-01-06", "title": "Cadmium-Containing Wood Ash In A Pine Forest: Effects On Humus Microflora And Cadmium Concentrations In Mushrooms, Berries, And Needles", "description": "

The cadmium (Cd) concentration of wood ash (1–30 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg–1) is higher than allowed for agriculture fertilizers (3 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg–1). Therefore, the objectives of this field study were to test if the Cd of wood ash has the potential to affect the coniferous forest humus microflora and if Cd enters the human food chain. These objectives were tested with ash (A) and Cd-spiked ash (ACd, 400 mg Cd\uffc2\uffb7kg–1) at a fertilization rate of 3 t\uffc2\uffb7ha–1. Microbial community structure, respiration, needle litter decomposition, growth rates and Cd tolerance of bacteria, and the bioavailability of Cd were measured. Also, Cd concentrations of humus, soil percolation water, mushrooms, fruits and leaves of berries, and needles were determined. The amount of Cd in the percolation water or bioavailable Cd, measured with a bacterial biosensor, and Cd tolerance of bacteria did not increase, although the ACd treatment increased the amount of humus total and extractable Cd. Only the ACd and not the A treatment caused Cd concentration increment in Lactarius rufus and berries of Empetrum nigrum. In spite of the high Cd concentration of the spiked ash, it did not have harmful effects on humus microorganisms during this 4-year study. Thus, wood ash is safe to use as a fertilizer in forests.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "puutuhka", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "luonto", "15. Life on land", "kadmium", "630", "6. Clean water", "m\u00e4nnikk\u00f6", "620"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Perki\u00f6m\u00e4ki, J., Kiikkil\u00e4, O., Moilanen, M., Issakainen, J., Tervahauta, A., Fritze, H.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x03-169"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x03-169", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x03-169", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x03-169"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x03-218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-01", "title": "The Effects Of Gaps And Liming On Forest Floor Decomposition And Soil C And N Dynamics In Afagus Sylvaticaforest", "description": "

Despite the importance of gaps in the dynamics and management of many forest types, very little is known about the medium- to long-term soil C and N dynamics associated with this disturbance. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that gap creation and lime application, a routine measure in many European forests to ameliorate soil acidity, lead to accelerated litter decomposition and thus a reduction in the forest floor and soil C and N pools. Four gaps were created in 1989 in a mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest on acid soil with a moder humus, and lime (3 t dolomite\uffc2\uffb7ha–1) was applied to two of these and surrounding areas. Litter and fine-root decomposition was measured in 1992–1993 and 1996–1998 using litterbags. Forest floor (L, F, and H layers) and mineral soil (0–40 cm) C and N pools were determined in 1989 and 1997. Eight years following silvicultural treatments, there was no change in C and N over the entire forest soil profile including forest floor. Reductions in the F and H layers in limed gaps were compensated for by increases in soil C and N in the surface (0–10 cm) mineral soil. Decomposition of F litter was significantly accelerated in limed gaps, leading to the development of a mull–moder, whereas gap creation alone had no effect on mass loss of F material in litterbags. Gap size disturbances in this acid beech forest appear to have minimal influences on soil C and N stocks. However, when combined with liming, changes in the humus form and vertical distribution of soil C and N may occur.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition", "soil nutrient", "550", "Nitrogen", "Fagus sylvatica", "forest management", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Humus", "gap dynamics", "forest floor", "Floor decomposition", "hypothesis testing", "Fagus", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Litterbags", "Keywords: Carbon", "Reduction", "Limed gaps", "nutrient dynamics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/88024/5/01_Cowling_The_effects_of_gaps_and_liming_2004.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x03-218"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x03-218", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x03-218", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x03-218"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x04-192", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-15", "title": "An Assessment Of Phosphorus Limitations To Soil Nitrogen Availability Across Forest Ecosystems Of North Coastal British Columbia", "description": "

The wet, slow-growing forests of western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh) on the north coast of British Columbia are characteristically low in available phosphorus (P) compared with more productive forest ecosystems. It has been suggested that declining P availability can eventually limit soil biological activity and restrict nitrogen (N) cycling. We investigated this potential link between P availability and N cycling for three forest types (cedar–salal, hemlock – lanky moss and spruce – sword fern) covering a wide gradient in site productivity. Forest floors (upper 20\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm) and mineral soils (20\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm depth) were collected from five replicate sites of each forest type and incubated for 20 weeks at field moisture content with and without an amendment of NaH2PO4. We found that organic P concentrations of both forest floors and mineral soils were positively correlated to extractable inorganic N concentrations (unamended soils over 20 weeks). The addition of P to the low-productivity cedar–salal soils led to significant increases in extractable inorganic N in the forest floors and mineral soils. P amendments led to either a smaller or nonsignificant increase in extractable N for moderately and highly productive soils. Soil respiration of CO2 and respiration quotients were substantially reduced in forest floors with a P amendment, suggesting N mineralization was governed by exoenzyme allocation rather than decomposition rates. These results demonstrate a possible enhancement in N supplies with an application of P to low-productivity cedar–salal forests.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J M Kranabetter, A de Groot, A Banner,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x04-192"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x04-192", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x04-192", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x04-192"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x03-113", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-17", "title": "The Soil Acid\u0096Base Status Of Boreal Black Spruce Stands After Whole-Tree And Stem-Only Harvesting", "description": "

The effect of different harvesting practices on soil acid–base status was evaluated in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forests of Quebec by comparing soil from five pairs of whole-tree and stem-only harvested plots 3 years after harvest. Stem-only harvesting contributed to the enrichment of the exchangeable base cation pool, particularly in the forest floors of the pairs where whole-tree harvested plots showed the highest exchangeable Al3+. In the mineral soil, divergence between treatments was low, perhaps because these acidic soils were strongly saturated with Al3+(about 90%), which did not favour cationic exchange reactions. Although the effects of treatment may not persist over time, improved base cation nutrition may benefit stands during the early stages of development. Over a forest rotation of about 85 years, the estimated loss of alkalinity due to whole-tree harvesting was estimated to be low (less than 20%) when compared with the effect of acidic deposition.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x03-113"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x03-113", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x03-113", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x03-113"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x03-194", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-01-30", "title": "The Influence Of Red Alder Patches On Light, Litterfall, And Soil Nutrients In Adjacent Conifer Stands", "description": "

To evaluate the distance over which red alder patches influence adjacent conifer stands, we measured light transmission and nutrient contents of soil and litterfall along transects crossing the boundary between alder and conifer stands at three sites (10–15, 20–25, and [Formula: see text]40 years old) in coastal British Columbia. Light levels were higher in the understory of alder stands than in adjacent conifer stands. In simulated openings, light levels rapidly increased with distance from the alder edge, reaching 60% of full sunlight at south-facing edges, 5 m from north-facing edges, and 2–3 m from east- and west-facing edges. Soil N, NH4-N, NO3-N, and mineralizable N remained elevated for about 10 m from the alder boundary. Nitrogen contents of Douglas-fir seedlings grown in soil from the alder stand were elevated and correlated to soil N concentrations. Nutrient inputs in alder litterfall were positively related to concentrations of total C; total, extractable, and mineralizable N in soils; and the N, P, and B concentrations of seedlings. Alder litterfall drift extended 8–18 m into adjacent conifer stands. The optimal arrangement for alder–conifer mixtures would be alder patches or strips at least 10 m wide and about 20 m apart oriented north to south.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x03-194"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x03-194", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x03-194", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x03-194"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x04-069", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-08", "title": "Belowground To Aboveground Biomass Ratio And Vertical Root Distribution Responses Of Maturepinus Radiatastands To Phosphorus Fertilization At Planting", "description": "

We compared the belowground biomass (BGB)/aboveground biomass (AGB) ratio and the vertical root distribution of 40-year-old Pinus radiata D. Don fertilized with 0 or 90 kg P\uffc2\uffb7ha–1at planting. Root biomass was determined by a combination of coring (fine roots, \uffcf\uff95 < 2 mm; small roots, 2 \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 \uffcf\uff95 < 15 mm) and excavation (coarse roots, \uffcf\uff95 \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 5 mm). Stand-level AGB and coarse root biomass (CRB) were estimated with the use of allometric relations. After 40 years, AGB and CRB of P-fertilized trees were 4.5 times those of unfertilized trees, indicating that CRB scaled isometrically with AGB independently of P supply. By contrast, P fertilization increased the fine and small root biomass (FSRB) pool by only 50%. As a result, the scaling of FSRB to AGB was dependent on P supply. The differential response of the FSRB to P fertilization caused the overall BGB/AGB ratio to decrease from 0.29 in control plots to 0.20 in P-fertilized plots. Phosphorus fertilization also altered the vertical distribution of fine root biomass (FRB). For example, the proportion of FRB in the top 15 cm increased from 41% to 52% with P fertilization. Collectively, the results showed that P added early in the growth phase had a persistent effect on the BGB/AGB ratio in P. radiata. This was primarily brought about by altered biomass partitioning to the nutrient-acquiring FSRB pool.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x04-069"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x04-069", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x04-069", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x04-069"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x07-035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-19", "title": "Structure Of Soil Microbial Communities In Sugi Plantations And Seminatural Broad-Leaved Forests With Different Land-Use History", "description": "

Phospholipid fatty acid profiles were used to evaluate microbial community composition in different soil layers of sugi ( Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don) plantations and seminatural secondary forests in southeastern Kyushu, Japan. These forests had previously been utilized as meadows or coppices. Principal components analysis and canonical correspondence analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid data demonstrated differences in microbial community structure between current vegetation (sugi plantations or seminatural forests) in the FH layer. In contrast, differences between the previous land-use types (meadows or coppices) were detected through variation in the soil microbial community structure in the upper part of the A layer (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935\uffc2\uffa0cm). However, in the deeper part of the A layer (5\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm), the influence of the previous land-use history on soil microbial community structure was weak and the influence of the current vegetation could be detected. In the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff935\uffc2\uffa0cm part of the A layer, the organic matter was correlated with the microbial community structure. However, it cannot be assumed that these soil chemical characteristics were the principal factors responsible for separation of the microbial communities based on previous land-use history because the difference in chemical characteristics between the sites was small.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x07-035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x07-035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x07-035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x07-035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x82-111", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-01", "title": "Effects Of Thinning On Biomass Growth In Young Populus-Tremuloides Plots", "description": "

Stem, branch, and leaf biomass and leaf-area index (LAI) were estimated for 4 years of growth in plots of thinned and unthinned 7-year-old Populustremuloides Michx. In 1978, transmitted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was monitored to estimate percent PAR transmitted. Four years after thinning total aboveground biomass and LAI in the thinned plots exceeded prethinning levels, but were still much less than in the unthinned plots. Leaf biomass and LAI in the unthinned plots increased to 3900\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 5.7, respectively, but were still increasing in the thinned plots. Annual net stem and branch production during the study was relatively constant at about 5300\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the unthinned plots, while net production in the thinned plots was still increasing. Transmitted PAR attenuated rapidly to LAI 3.5, approaching asymptote near LAI 5. Results suggest that, in the short term, thinning of young stands will decrease total aboveground biomass, but net annual biomass accumulation may not be greatly different between thinned and unthinned stands. LAI 3.5 may be an acceptable value for 11-year-old stands but should be permitted to increase to near LAI 5 in older stands.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Genetics and Genomics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hocker, H. W., Jr.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x82-111"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x82-111", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x82-111", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x82-111"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1982-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-18", "title": "Soil Carbon Stocks, Mineralization Rates, And Co2effluxes Under 10 Tree Species On Contrasting Soil Types", "description": "

Afforestation can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, but the selection of tree species may be critical. This study explored soil CO2 production and effluxes in relation to SOC contents in temperate forests. Sites included even-aged (38 years) first generation stands of eight coniferous and two deciduous species planted at three sites along a gradient in soil fertility. SOC stocks (forest floor + mineral soil 0–50 cm) differed significantly between tree species, but soil type influenced SOC stocks the most. SOC stocks were significantly higher for stands on low-fertility sandy soils (141 \uffc2\uffb1 31 Mg C\uffc2\uffb7ha–1) than stands on fertile loamy soils (62 \uffc2\uffb1 14 Mg C\uffc2\uffb7ha–1). Soil CO2 effluxes were measured on two occasions in 2002 and varied between 18.7 and 36.3 kg C\uffc2\uffb7ha–1\uffc2\uffb7day–1. Variability within temperature-adjusted fluxes was not clearly related to tree species or soil type. Potential CO2 production rates in a laboratory incubation experiment (reported as CO2 produced per unit soil C) were mainly affected by site and were two times higher for soils from the nutrient-rich site compared with the most nutrient-poor site. Thus, the combined effect of contrasting CO2 production rates and stocks of soil C may explain the similar CO2 effluxes measured in the field. Results suggest that selection of soil type and tree species are important for SOC sequestration in future afforestation projects.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-192", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-23", "title": "Soil Respiration In Pure And Mixed Stands Of European Beech And Norway Spruce Following Removal Of Organic Horizons", "description": "

Soil respiration was measured in adjacent pure and mixed stands of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) at Solling, Germany. Forest type had a significant effect on soil respiration, which was highest in the pure beech stand and lowest in the pure spruce stand. Both throughfall and soil temperature increased with the proportion of beech. Additionally, microbial respiration and biomass in the organic (O) horizons increased sequentially from the pure spruce to the pure beech stand, suggesting that abiotic and biotic factors enhanced the decomposition of litter under beech. Because the spruce litter decomposition rate was low, carbon (C) stocks of the O horizons increased with the proportion of spruce, from 1.6 to 5.1 kg C\uffc2\uffb7m–2. The removal of the O horizons decreased soil respiration by 31%–45%, indicating a large contribution of the mineral soil and roots to total soil respiration. Turnover times of organic C in the O horizons ranged between 5.5 years in the pure beech stand and 20.6 years in the pure spruce stand. Our results suggest that tree species conversion may alter the turnover of soil organic matter, and thus the sequestration of organic C in the O horizons.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Borken, W., Beese, F.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-192"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-192", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-192", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-192"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1155/2014/437283", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-14", "title": "Effect Of Tillage Practices On Soil Properties And Crop Productivity In Wheat-Mungbean-Rice Cropping System Under Subtropical Climatic Conditions", "description": "

This study was conducted to know cropping cycles required to improve OM status in soil and to investigate the effects of medium-term tillage practices on soil properties and crop yields in Grey Terrace soil of Bangladesh under wheat-mungbean-T.amancropping system. Four different tillage practices, namely, zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT), and deep tillage (DT), were studied in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Tillage practices showed positive effects on soil properties and crop yields. After four cropping cycles, the highest OM accumulation, the maximum root mass density (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm soil depth), and the improved physical and chemical properties were recorded in the conservational tillage practices. Bulk and particle densities were decreased due to tillage practices, having the highest reduction of these properties and the highest increase of porosity and field capacity in zero tillage. The highest total N, P, K, and S in their available forms were recorded in zero tillage. All tillage practices showed similar yield after four years of cropping cycles. Therefore, we conclude that zero tillage with 20% residue retention was found to be suitable for soil health and achieving optimum yield under the cropping system in Grey Terrace soil (Aeric Albaquept).

", "keywords": ["No-till farming", "Technology", "Climate", "Cropping", "Mulch-till", "Crop", "Plant Roots", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Management of Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity", "Soil water", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Bangladesh", "Minimum tillage", "Soil Physical Properties", "Ecology", "T", "Q", "Soil Quality", "R", "Life Sciences", "Fabaceae", "Phosphorus", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil Compaction", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Crops", " Agricultural", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Soil fertility", "Crop Productivity", "Environmental science", "Tillage", "Randomized block design", "FOS: Mathematics", "Crop yield", "Particle Size", "Biology", "Soil science", "Analysis of Variance", "Soil Fertility", "Effects of Soil Compaction on Crop Production", "Conventional tillage", "Oryza", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Bulk density", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Sulfur", "Mathematics", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Scientific%20World%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1155/2014/437283", "name": "item", "description": "10.1155/2014/437283", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-259", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-07", "title": "Effects Of Organic Matter Removal And Soil Compaction On Fifth-Year Mineral Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Contents For Sites Across The United States And Canada", "description": "

This study describes the main treatment effects of organic matter removal and compaction and a split-plot effect of competition control on mineral soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. Treatment effects on soil C and N pools are discussed for 19 sites across five locations (British Columbia, Northern Rocky Mountains, Pacific Southwest, and Atlantic and Gulf coasts) that are part of the Long-Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) network and were established over 5 years ago. The sites cover a broad range of soil types, climatic conditions, and tree species. Most sites showed increased soil C and N levels 5 years after study establishment; however, the rate and magnitude of the changes varied between sites. Organic matter removal, compaction, or competition control did not significantly affect soil C and N contents at any site, except for the Northern Rocky Mountain site, where competition control significantly affected soil C and N contents. The observation that, after 5 years, the soil C and N contents were not negatively affected by even the extreme treatments demonstrates the high resiliency of the soil, at least in the short term, to forest management perturbations.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Allan E. Tiarks, Paul Sanborn, Felipe G. Sanchez, William K. Chapman, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, J. Marty Kranabetter, Robert F. Powers,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-259"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-259", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-259", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-259"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-048", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-18", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Thinning And Fertilization On Growth Of Red Fir In Northeastern California", "description": "

To determine the impact of fertilization and thinning on growth and development of red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murr.) stands, we established an experiment in a 60-year-old stand using a 2 \uffc3\uff97 3 factorial design with nitrogen-fertilized and nonfertilized treatments and three stocking levels. Plots were established in 1976 and were measured every 5 years for 26 years. The periodic annual increment in basal area was 97%, 51%, 38%, and 33% greater in fertilized trees than in nonfertilized trees during the first, second, third, and fourth 5-year periods, respectively. After 20 years, annual basal area increment was greater in nonfertilized trees. The response of annual volume increment to fertilization was not statistically significant until the fourth period. Yet, volume increases of the fertilized plots were 25%–92% greater than those of the nonfertilized plots from 1976 to 1996. Similarly, basal area increment was greater in lightly thinned plots than in unthinned plots from the second period on, until heavy mortality during 1996–2002. Basal area increment was greater in the heavily thinned plots from the fourth period on. Results indicate that red fir can respond to fertilization and thinning quickly and that both treatments speed stand development. In addition, fertilization increases the stand's carrying capacity. Therefore, forest managers can use these silvicultural practices to improve stand growth, to reduce fire fuels, and to accelerate stand development.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Robert F. Powers, Jianwei Zhang, William W. Oliver,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-048"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-048", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-048", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-048"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-140", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-21", "title": "Forest-Floor Chemical Properties Are Altered By Clear-Cutting In Boreal Mixedwood Forest Stands Dominated By Trembling Aspen And White Spruce", "description": "

Alterations in the chemical properties of the forest floor following clear-cut harvesting may have implications for forest productivity in boreal stands. We used proximate analysis, carbon-13 (13C) isotopic determination, and cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning (CPMAS) 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to examine differences in the characteristics of the forest floors from uncut stands and clear-cut stands dominated by white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss; SPRUCE) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.; ASPEN) in northern Alberta. Proximate analysis revealed no difference in the chemical properties of forest floors from clear-cut and uncut stands in either stand type, but the acid-insoluble residue of forest floors from clear-cut ASPEN stands was enriched in 13C compared with those from uncut ASPEN stands. CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed that forest floors from clearcuts were enriched in total aromatic C, particularly in ASPEN stands, and depleted in phenolic C, particularly in SPRUCE stands. These patterns indicate that forest floors from the clearcuts have become more humified, which may reflect stand-type differences in the amount of labile C available to the forest-floor microbial community and reductions in above- and below-ground inputs to the forest floor following clear-cutting in both stand types. Changes in the chemical properties of forest floors from clear-cut SPRUCE and ASPEN stands could exacerbate C limitation in these soils and alter patterns of nutrient cycling.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-140"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-140", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-140", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-140"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-175", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-19", "title": "Soil Properties, Aspen, And White Spruce Responses 5 Years After Organic Matter Removal And Compaction Treatments", "description": "

Retaining organic matter and preventing soil compaction are important factors affecting the sustainability of managed forests. To assess how these factors affect short-term ecosystem dynamics, pre-treatment and 1 year and 5 year post-treatment soil properties and post-treatment tree growth responses were examined in a boreal trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) dominated ecosystem in northeastern British Columbia, Canada. The experiment used a completely randomized design with three levels of organic matter removal (tree stems only; stems and slash; stems, slash, and forest floor) and three levels of soil compaction (none, intermediate (2-cm impression), heavy (5-cm impression)). Removal of the forest floor initially stimulated aspen regeneration and significantly reduced height growth of aspen and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). The compaction treatments had no effect on aspen regeneration density. At year 5, heights of both aspen and white spruce were negatively correlated (r2 > 0.31, p < 0.0001) with upper mineral soil bulk density and were lowest on forest floor removal treatments, where minimal recovery from compaction was observed. There was some evidence for recovery of soil properties to preharvest conditions where expansion of herbaceous vegetation increased soil organic matter.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sybille Haeussler, Richard Kabzems,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-175"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-175", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-175", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-175"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x05-258", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-07", "title": "Effects Of Harvesting And Soil Disturbance On Soil Co2efflux From A Jack Pine Forest", "description": "

We measured organic matter removal and soil compaction effects on soil surface CO2 efflux (F) from a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest and developed an analytical framework involving multiplicative response functions to interpret response. Treatments included stem-only harvest (OM0C0), full-tree harvest (OM1C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal (OM2C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal and soil compaction (OM2C2), and uncut forest (UF). Mean F and calculated F at 10 \uffc2\uffb0C under nonlimiting soil moisture conditions (F10) were greatest in treatments with intact organic surfaces and often larger in the OM2C0 than in the OM2C2. F10 showed strong linear relationships with detrital production in harvested plots, with total near-surface carbon in all plots, and was positively correlated with understory cover. F increased exponentially with soil temperature, with the most and least pronounced responses found in the UF and OM2C0 treatments, respectively. F also responded in parabolic fashion to relative soil water content. In the UF, F was often low in May because of cold soils, but subsequently attained rates equivalent to those of the OM0C0 and OM1C0, despite lower soil temperatures. Three to five growing seasons after treatment, soil temperature and moisture, together with F10, explained 71%–87% of the plot-level variation in F.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michael F Laporte, R.L. Fleming, Gary D. Hogan, Paul W. Hazlett,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-258"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x05-258", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x05-258", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x05-258"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-06", "title": "Exotic Earthworm Invasion Increases Soil Carbon And Nitrogen In An Old-Growth Forest In Southern Quebec", "description": "

To test whether invasion of exotic earthworms affects soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), we sampled the litter and upper mineral soil (to 30 cm) at a series of sites varying in their earthworm populations in an old-growth beech–maple forest at Mont St. Hilaire, southern Quebec. We measured earthworm abundance and biomass using hand-sorting and chemical extraction (allyl isothiocyanate) methods. They gave similar results, though there was evidence of size and species-specific biases. Abundance and biomass of the earthworms ranged from <10 to >100 earthworms\uffc2\uffb7m–2 and from <10 to 125 g\uffc2\uffb7m–2, respectively, and were correlated with distance from a nearby lake (negatively) and soil pH (positively). The presence of earthworms was associated with a decrease in the mass and thickness and an increase in the C/N quotient of the litter layer. There were no significant changes in C and N mass of the mineral soil between 0 and 10 cm, but the underlying layers (10–20 and 20–30 cm) in sites with >10 earthworms\uffc2\uffb7m–2 showed significantly (p < 0.05) greater concentrations and masses of both C and N than did sites with <10 earthworms\uffc2\uffb7m–2. The overall profile (litter plus soil to 30 cm) average C was 13.7 and 10.1 kg\uffc2\uffb7m–2 with and without earthworms, respectively, and the equivalent figures for N were 1.01 and 0.68 kg\uffc2\uffb7m–2. These results demonstrate that invasion of earthworms into deciduous forests affects both the litter and mineral soil, and sampling to a depth of 30 cm suggests that earthworm invasion (from <10 to >10 earthworms\uffc2\uffb7m–2) may increase overall C and N.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-06", "title": "Response Of Soil Microbial Biomass, Activities, And Community Structure At A Pine Stand In Northeastern Germany 5 Years After Thinning", "description": "

A thinned and an unthinned treatment were compared in a 62-year-old pine stand located in northeastern Germany (Brandenburg, Ost-Prignitz, Revier Beerenbusch) (year of thinning: 1999, degree of canopy opening: 0.4). Samples of the organic layer (O) and the mineral horizon (Aeh) of an acid brown earth were collected along a transect at each treatment in November 2003 and April 2004. Substrate induced respiration, basal respiration, and a suite of enzymes involved in the degradation of lignocellulose (endocellulase, exocellulase, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase, endoxylanase, exoxylanase, phenoloxidase, peroxidase) were assayed. Microbial community structure and relative biomass of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi were assayed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Five years after thinning, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in both soil layers did not differ significantly between thinned and unthinned treatments. However, the analysis of soil microbial community structure revealed a significant difference between the thinned and unthinned treatment at both sampling dates. Thus, it was concluded that thinning had not yet resulted in any response in soil microbial activities at the site under study, but since early evidence of change in the microbial community was detected, long-term monitoring and additional studies on mineralization activities are required.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-039", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-151", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-09", "title": "Overstory And Understory Development In Thinned And Underplanted Oregon Coast Range Douglas-Fir Stands", "description": "

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forests managed for timber in western Oregon frequently lack structure and diversity associated with old-growth forests. We examined thinning effects on overstory and understory development for 8 years after treatment. Three 30- to 33-year-old Oregon Coast Range plantations were partitioned into four overstory treatments: unthinned (~550 trees/ha) and lightly (~250 trees/ha), moderately (~150 trees/ha), and heavily (~75 trees/ha) thinned. Within each overstory treatment, two understory treatments were established: underplanted with Douglas-fir and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) or not underplanted. Thinning increased overstory stem growth, crown expansion, and retained crown length. Thinned overstory canopies began to close rapidly the third year after thinning, decreasing % skylight by approximately 2%/year, whereas % skylight in unthinned stands increased slightly. All seedlings planted in unthinned stands died, whereas eighth year survival in thinned stands averaged 88%. Natural regeneration densities and distributions were highly variable. Understory shrub cover was reduced by harvesting disturbance but recovered by the fifth year. Thinning increased understory plant species diversity, and no shrub species were lost. Thinning to low densities and underplanting has the potential to accelerate development of multilayered stands characteristic of old-growth Douglas-fir forests.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William H. Emmingham, Stuart R. Johnston, Kathleen G. Maas-Hebner, David J. Larson, Daniel A. Mikowski, Samuel S. Chan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-151"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-151", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-151", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-151"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-222", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-22", "title": "Wildfire Mitigation Strategies Affect Soil Enzyme Activity And Soil Organic Carbon In Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda) Forests", "description": "

We quantified the effects of three wildfire hazard reduction treatments (prescribed fire, thinning from below, and the combination of fire and thinning), and passive management (control) on mineral soil organic C, and enzyme activity in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forests on the Piedmont of South Carolina. Soil organic C was reduced by thinning, either alone or with prescribed fire, and this effect persisted through the fourth post-treatment year. Fire also resulted in reduced soil organic C, but not until several years after treatment. Soil C/N ratio initially increased after fire, either alone or with thinning, but this difference did not persist. The activities of three soil enzymes (acid phosphatase, chitinase, and phenol oxidase) in the upper mineral soil were quantified as measures of microbial activity. During the fourth post-treatment year we observed significant stimulation of all three enzyme systems as a result of thinning or thinning and burning. Although the patterns of variation in acid phosphatase and chitinase activity among treatments were similar during the first and fourth post-treatment years, the first-year treatment effects were not statistically significant. Given the management objective of utilizing these stands for timber production, the increased potential for rapid nutrient turnover offered by thinning gives this approach advantages over prescribed fire; however, management for maximum long-term storage of soil C may be better facilitated by prescribed fire.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thomas A. Waldrop, Victor B. Shelburne, R.E.J. Boerner,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-222"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-222", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-222", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-222"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-06", "title": "Influence Of Long-Term Nutrient Optimization On Biomass, Carbon, And Nitrogen Acquisition And Allocation In Norway Spruce", "description": "

We examined the effects of a long-term nutrient-optimization treatment on the acquisition and allocation of biomass, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) in young Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) growing in northern Sweden. After 12 years of fertilization the absolute biomass of stem, needles, living branches, and stump and coarse roots was more than doubled by nutrient optimization (irrigation – liquid fertilization treatment, IL), but the standing biomass of fine and small roots was unaffected compared with that of control trees. Biomass allocation among aboveground organs was not plastic to nutrient optimization and only the relative proportion of dead branches was reduced by nutrient optimization. Within the crown, biomass allocation to living branches was shifted towards the apex in IL trees. The N content in IL trees was substantially higher than in control trees. Most of the total N was allocated to needles and most of the needle N was found in the middle stratum of the living crown in both treatments, although the N concentration of current-year and older needles increased towards the apex in IL trees but not in control trees. The C concentration in the biomass components was not affected by the optimized fertilization. The results clearly show that there is a large potential to increase biomass production of Norway spruce (C sequestration) in the Nordic countries. This would secure the supply of raw material for the forest industry at the same time as the demand for biofuel from forest biomass is increasing.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "typpi", "Picea abies", "biomassa", "hiili", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "lannoitus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-076", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-22", "title": "Changes In Organic Carbon Storage In A 50 Year White Spruce Plantation Chronosequence Established On Fallow Land In Quebec", "description": "

The objectives of this study were to assess the change in organic carbon (C) stocks in aboveground biomass, litter, and soil in a 50 year chronosequence of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) plantations established on non-regenerated fallow land in Quebec, and to determine the effects of ploughing (furrows) on these C stocks. Woody aboveground biomass was determined from dendrometric surveys and the use of allometric equations. The litter was sampled as well as the underlying soil in layers 10 cm thick down to 50 cm depth. The plantations under study were C sinks over the 50 year period, since they accumulated 75 Mg\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931 during this period, with the highest rate of C accumulation occurring in the woody aboveground vegetation between 10 and 35 years. The soil at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm depth was a C source, mainly until the plantations reached 22 years of age, with an annual loss of 0.8% over 50 years. No difference was observed among the controls and site-preparation treatments. These results suggest that 22-year-old white spruce plantations, the oldest considered for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol (2008\uffe2\uff80\uff932012), would be a small C sink (12 Mg\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931) in southeastern Quebec but would become a larger sink for subsequent commitment periods.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-076"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-076", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-076", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-076"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-153", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-09", "title": "Long-Term Thinning Effects On The Forest Floor And The Foliar Nutrient Status Of Norway Spruce Stands In The Belgian Ardennes", "description": "

The long-term impact (30 years) of three contrasting thinning programs (unthinned, moderately thinned, and heavily thinned) on selected forest-floor properties and on the foliar nutrient status of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands (46, 50, and 67 years old) was evaluated at three sites on acid soils in the Belgian Ardennes. Sampling involved needles (current-year, 1-year-old, and recently fallen) and soil organic layers (OL, OF, OH, OA). For all samples, dry mass and element concentrations (C, N, P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Al, Fe) were determined. Linear mixed models were used to analyze these data and showed that forest-floor mass was negatively affected by thinning (p\uffe2\uff80\uff82=\uffe2\uff80\uff820.0003) and that the N concentration in the forest floor increased with thinning intensity (p\uffe2\uff80\uff82=\uffe2\uff80\uff820.0008), while its Mn concentration decreased (p\uffe2\uff80\uff82<\uffe2\uff80\uff820.0001). The N, P, and K concentrations in the current-year needles were decreased by thinning (p\uffe2\uff80\uff82<\uffe2\uff80\uff820.05), while the Ca, Mg, and Na concentrations were not affected. We hypothesize that thinning negatively affected N, P, and K nutrition by removing the nutrients contained in the thinned trees and by decreasing the forest-floor thickness, thus reducing its nutrient contents and its ability to support root growth.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-153"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-153", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-153", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-153"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x06-297", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-31", "title": "Ecosystem Carbon Accumulation Following Fallow Farmland Afforestation With Red Pine In Southern Quebec", "description": "

We assessed the organic C stocks and inferred their changes in vegetation biomass, forest floor, and soil using a 50\uffc2\uffa0year chronosequence of red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantations established on postagricultural fields in southern Quebec, Canada. The data come from soil and tree field surveys carried out in the 1970s in 348 sites. Organic C concentrations were usually measured in three major mineral soil horizons; for the remaining soil horizons, they were estimated using pedotransfer functions. The effect of soil order, drainage, and texture was analysed. Over 22\uffc2\uffa0years, organic C accumulation rates (Mg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff80\uff931) were 1.66\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 0.03 in vegetation biomass, 0.56\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 0.07 in forest floor, 0.86\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 0.47 in loamy soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm), and \uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.18\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 0.24 in sandy soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm). The greater rate of C accumulation in loamy soils was due to the contribution of the 30\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm subsoil layer. The overall net accumulation of organic C in these plantation ecosystems was estimated to 51.4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 4.8 Mg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931at 22\uffc2\uffa0years. Soils of these plantations acted as a C sink in the first two decades, particularly in loamy soils compared with sandy soils, with no major differences among soil order or drainage.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-297"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x06-297", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x06-297", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x06-297"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x07-031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-19", "title": "How Do Forest Harvesting Methods Compare With Wildfire ? A Case Study Of Soil Chemistry And Tree Nutrition In The Boreal Forest", "description": "

An important tenet of the natural disturbance paradigm as a basis for sustainable forest management is that impacts of interventions fall within the range of natural variation observed for the disturbance in question. We evaluated differences in soil nutrients, soil acid\uffe2\uff80\uff93base status, and tree nutrition between two harvesting methods (whole-tree (WTH) and stem-only (SOH)) and wildfire, 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0years after disturbance, to assess whether these harvesting methods have biogeochemical impacts that are within the natural range of variation caused by wildfires in boreal coniferous stands of Haute-Mauricie (Quebec). Both SOH and WTH created conditions of forest floor effective cation-exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca and K concentrations, base saturation, Ca:Al molar ratio, and organic C concentrations that were lower than the range of values for wildfires. We hypothesize that the immediate deposition of soluble base cations and the incorporation of recalcitrant organic matter that characterize wildfires generate biogeochemical conditions that are not emulated by either harvesting method. The improved soil nutritional environment after wildfire compared with SOH and WTH was reflected in jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) foliar nutrient composition but not in black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) foliage. The results raise uncertainties about the long-term base nutrient availability of the harvested sites on Boreal Shield soils.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x07-031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x07-031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x07-031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x07-031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x07-228", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-07", "title": "Carbon Cycling Along A Gradient Of Beech Bark Disease Impact In The Catskill Mountains, New York", "description": "

Exotic pests and pathogens, through direct and indirect effects on forest structure and species composition, have the potential to significantly alter forest ecosystem processes, including C cycling. Throughout the northern hardwood forest, beech bark disease (BBD) is causing widespread disruption in forest structure and composition. In the Catskill Mountains of New York, some forests formerly codominated by American beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) are shifting to sugar maple dominance. The effects of BBD and a subsequent shift in species composition on annual aboveground net primary production and soil CO2 efflux were examined in eight forest plots selected to represent a gradient of BBD impact. There were no significant trends in aboveground net primary production across this gradient. However, growing season soil CO2 efflux decreased linearly along the BBD gradient, declining by 40%. Although the mechanism controlling this decline is uncertain, the decrease in soil CO2 efflux with BBD impact and a shift to greater composition of sugar maple in litterfall could significantly alter C cycling in northern hardwood stands in the Catskill Mountains.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jessica E.HancockJ.E. Hancock, Jessica E.HancockJ.E. Hancock, Gary M.LovettG.M. Lovett, Gary M.LovettG.M. Lovett, Mary A. Arthur, Mary A. Arthur, Kathleen C. Weathers, Kathleen C. Weathers,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x07-228"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x07-228", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x07-228", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x07-228"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-24", "title": "Control Of Bush Encroachment In Borana Zone Of Southern Ethiopia: Effects Of Different Control Techniques On Rangeland Vegetation And Tick Populations", "description": "Open AccessA study on effects of bush encroachment control techniques on rangeland productivity and tick population dynamics was conducted in Arero district of Borana zone, southern Ethiopia, for three consecutive years. The study targeted two main and dominant encroaching bush species in Borana rangeland, Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia mellifera, and their effects on some vegetation attributes and tick population dynamics. A hectare of rangeland encroached by these two acacia species was replicated/divided into three plots, and each plot was subdivided into five sub-plots to receive five treatments: cutting at 0.5 m above ground and pouring kerosene on stumps (T1), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and debarking the stumps down into the soil surface (T2), cutting at 0.5 m above ground alone (T3), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and dissecting the stumps (T4) and control (T5). Data on basal and litter covers, soil erosion and compaction, dead and re-sprouted encroaching tree/shrub species and nymph- and adult-stage tick populations were collected before and after treatment applications. The applied treatments significantly influenced (p < 0.05) basal cover, nymph- and adult-stage tick population and the two encroaching tree species. The results of this study showed that T3 and T2 were good in controlling A. drepanolobium in that order. T4 and T2 had a significant effect in controlling A. mellifera in their order. Controlling bush encroachment had also a positive effect in eradicating the tick population. The most dominant grass and non-grass species observed after the control actions were Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon aucheri, Abutilon hirtum, Pennisetum mezianum, Dyschoriste hildebrandtii, Zaleya pentandra and Eragrostis papposa. Therefore, controlling encroaching tree/shrub species had created a conducive grazing area with palatable herbaceous species for the livestock and unequivocally reduced tick population which play a role in reducing cattle milk production through closing off teats. The management of bush encroachment, if sustained, will contribute in stabilizing rangelands and help minimize the negative effects of feed and food crises in the future.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Population", "Lantana", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "01 natural sciences", "Basal area", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Rangeland Degradation", "Sociology", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "Pathology", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Demography", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Shrub", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Tick"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bikila Negasa, Bedasa Eba, Samuel Tuffa, Barecha Bayissa, Jaldesa Doyo, N. Van Husen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pastoralism", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x08-152", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-21", "title": "Growth And Photosynthetic Responses Of Two Coniferous Species To Experimental Warming And Nitrogen Fertilization", "description": "

The paper studied the short-term effects of experimental warming, nitrogen fertilization, and their combination on growth and photosynthetic performances of Picea asperata Mast. and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. seedlings. These seedlings were subjected to two levels of temperature (ambient temperature and infrared heater warming) and two nitrogen levels (0 and 25 g N\uffc2\uffb7m\uffe2\uff80\uff932\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff80\uff931) for 6\uffc2\uffa0months. Warming alone and fertilization alone significantly increased biomass accumulation and photosynthetic performances of both two species. The combination of warming and fertilization stimulated greater accumulation of stem, root, and total biomass and further increased chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate (A) in Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. However, for Picea asperata seedlings, the interaction induced less increment in plant height, total biomass, chlorophyll contents, A, and the efficiency of photosystem than nitrogen treatment alone. These results implied that both climate warming and nitrogen addition were favorable for the early growth of both coniferous species; the interaction of these two factors caused adding or multiplying single-factor effects in the case of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings but dampening them in the case of Picea asperata seedlings, at least in short time.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chunzhang ZhaoC. Zhao, Qing LiuQ. Liu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x08-152"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x08-152", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x08-152", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x08-152"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x07-133", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-03", "title": "Effects Of Soil Freezing On Fine Roots In A Northern Hardwood Forest", "description": "

We reduced early winter snowpack in four experimental plots at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hamphire for 2 years to examine the mechanisms of root injury associated with soil freezing. Three lines of evidence suggested that direct cellular damage, rather than physical damage associated with frost heaving, was the principal mechanism of root injury: (i) decreases in root vitality were not greater on sites with more frost heaving, (ii) in situ freezing damage was confined to first- and second-order roots in the organic horizons rather than entire root systems, and (iii) tensile strength of fine roots was not significantly compromised by experimental stretching to simulate ice lens formation. Although significant differences in the intensity of soil freezing (depth, rate, and minimum temperature) were observed across the plots, no clear effects of soil freezing intensity on root injury were observed. Snow manipulation had no effect on mycorrhizal colonization of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) roots. A significant increase in root growth was observed in the second summer after treatments, coincident with a significant pulse of soil nitrate leaching. Through their effects on fine roots, soil freezing events could play an important role in forest ecosystem dynamics in a changing climate.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x07-133"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x07-133", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x07-133", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x07-133"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x08-045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-27", "title": "Impact Of A Pine Lappet (Dendrolimus Pini) Mass Outbreak On C And N Fluxes To The Forest Floor And Soil Microbial Properties In A Scots Pine Forest In Germany", "description": "

Herbivorous insect infestations significantly alter element and nutrient cycling in forests, thus directly and indirectly affecting ecosystem functioning. In this paper, we report on the herbivore-mediated transfer of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from the canopy to the forest floor and its influence on soil microbial activity during a pine lappet ( Dendrolimus pini L.) infestation. Over the course of 6\uffc2\uffa0months, we followed C and N fluxes in bulk deposition, throughfall, and green fall (green needle debris dropped during herbivory) together with solid frass (insect faeces) in an 80-year-old Scots pine ( Pinus silvestris L.) forest. Compared with the control, herbivore defoliation significantly doubled throughfall inputs of total and dissolved organic C and N over the study period. Frass plus green-fall C and N fluxes peaked in June\uffe2\uff80\uff93July at 110\uffc2\uffa0kg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931and 2.3\uffc2\uffa0kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931, respectively. Randomized intervention analysis revealed no significant effects of herbivory on soil microbial properties, except for adenylate energy charge, which showed slightly higher values under herbivory. This study demonstrates the importance of canopy herbivory on overall C and N inputs to forest ecosystems, particularly in altering the timing and quality of the organic material reaching the forest floor and potentially affecting belowground processes.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "le Mellec, Anne, Michalzik, Beate,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x08-045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x08-045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x08-045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x08-045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x09-168", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-27", "title": "Effect Of Thinning, Fertilization With Biosolids, And Weather On Interannual Ring Specific Gravity And Carbon Accumulation Of A 55-Year-Old Douglas-Fir Stand In Western Washington", "description": "

Marketing timber is shifting from logs, lumber, and veneer measured volumetrically to include carbon storage and energy that are based on dry mass. Conversion between volume and dry mass relies on accurate estimates of wood specific gravity (SG). We measured width and SG of growth rings and their earlywood and latewood components with X-ray densitometry on trees from controlled, thinned, biosolid fertilized, and combined treatments applied to a 55-year-old Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand. We developed models to predict interannual SG from climate and treatment effects and compared 20\uffc2\uffa0year changes in dry mass and carbon storage with estimates from biomass equations and from the Wood Handbook average SG. Thinning increased latewood width but did not affect ring SG. Biosolid fertilization increased earlywood and latewood width and decreased ring SG 8% by decreasing earlywood SG, latewood SG, and latewood percentage. SG decreased with increased July soil moisture deficit; alternatively, SG increased with increased July total precipitation. Warmer mean March\uffe2\uff80\uff93May or August\uffe2\uff80\uff93November temperatures also increased SG. Because of the effects on SG, dry mass and carbon storage changes differed from volume changes produced by the treatments. Dry mass estimates using the average Wood Handbook SG or those calculated from biomass equations were inconsistent between treatments, with errors up to 50%.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x09-168"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x09-168", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x09-168", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x09-168"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x09-053", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-20", "title": "Effects Of Tree Species And Clear-Cut Forestry On Forest-Floor Characteristics In Adjacent Temperate Forests In Northern Spain", "description": "

The litter layer (L) and fermented humified layer (FH) in forest floor under European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.), pedunculate oak ( Quercus robur L.), and radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) were studied in northern Spain. Recovery from heavy mechanization was also assessed in a chronosequence from two adjacent pine plantations (3 and 16\uffc2\uffa0years old). Interspecific differences in forest-floor mass and mass distribution were related to litter quality and decomposition rates. In the L layer, acid-insoluble residue/N, C/N, and C/P ratios were lower, and pH and Ca contents higher in the deciduous stands than in the pine stand. The microbial respiration rate was higher and functional diversity lower in the pine stand than in the deciduous stands, without differences in microbial biomass. Cross-polarization, magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and proximate analysis revealed similar C functional groups in beech and pine stands. Forest floor was still absent 3\uffc2\uffa0years after heavy mechanization, and after 16\uffc2\uffa0years, it was 50% less abundant than in the mature stand. Microbial respiration rate, biomass, and diversity were similar in the L layer in 16-year-old and mature pine stands, but in the FH layer, microbial-community diversity remained low after 16\uffc2\uffa0years. The results underline the effects of forest management on C transformations in the forest-floor layers. These effects may be evident even after 16\uffc2\uffa0years of heavy mechanization.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x09-053"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x09-053", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x09-053", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x09-053"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x09-202", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-26", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Freezing On Soil Nitrogen Dynamics In Soils From A Net Nitrification Gradient In A Nitrogen-Saturated Hardwood Forest Ecosystem", "description": "

This study examined effects of soil freezing on N dynamics in soil along an N processing gradient within a mixed hardwood dominated watershed at Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Sites were designated as LN (low rates of N processing), ML (moderately low), MH (moderately high), and HN (high). Soils underwent three 7-day freezing treatments (0,\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320, or\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff80\uff9380\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) in the laboratory. Responses varied between temperature treatments and along the gradient. Initial effects differed among freezing treatments for net N mineralization, but not nitrification, in soils across the gradient, generally maintained at LN\uffc2\uffa0< ML\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 MH\uffc2\uffa0< HN for all treatments. Net N mineralization potential was higher following freezing at\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320 and\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff80\uff9380\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C than control; all were higher than at 0\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C. Net nitrification potential exhibited similar patterns. LN was an exception, with net nitrification low regardless of treatment. Freezing response of N mineralization differed greatly from that of nitrification, suggesting that soil freezing may decouple two processes of the soil N cycle that are otherwise tightly linked at our site. Results also suggest that soil freezing at temperatures commonly experienced at this site can further increase net nitrification in soils already exhibiting high nitrification from N saturation.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Frank S. Gilliam, Adam CookA. Cook, Salina LyterS. Lyter,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x09-202"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x09-202", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x09-202", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x09-202"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x10-010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-04", "title": "Comparison Of Soil Respiration Among Three Temperate Forests In Changbai Mountains, China", "description": "

CO2 efflux from forest soils is an important process in the global carbon cycle; however, effects of stand age and successional status remain uncertain. We compared soil respiration and its relationship to soil carbon content, forest floor mass, root biomass, soil temperature, and soil moisture content among three temperate forest ecosystems in Changbai Mountains, northeastern China, from 2003 to 2005. Forest types included an old-growth, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved primary forest (MN), a middle-aged, broad-leaved secondary forest (BL), and a young coniferous plantation forest (CP). Average annual soil CO2 efflux at BL (1477.9\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 61.8\uffc2\uffa0g C\uffc2\uffb7m\uffe2\uff80\uff932\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff80\uff931) was significantly higher than at CP (830.7\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 48.7\uffc2\uffa0g C\uffc2\uffb7m\uffe2\uff80\uff932\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and MN (935.4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1 53.3\uffc2\uffa0g C\uffc2\uffb7m\uffe2\uff80\uff932\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff80\uff931). Differences in soil temperature among those sites were not statistically significant but contributed to the differences in annual CO2 efflux. In addition, the temperature response of soil CO2 efflux was higher at MN (Q10 = 2.78) than that at BL (Q10 = 2.17) and CP (Q10 = 2.02). Our results suggest that successional stage affects soil respiration by the differences in substrate quantity and quality, environmental conditions, and root respiration.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Guangsheng ZhouG. Zhou, Yanling JiangY. Jiang, Fengyu WangF. Wang, Bingrui JiaB. Jia, Xu WangX. Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x10-010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x10-010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x10-010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x10-010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x10-193", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-21", "title": "Stand Development Following Precommercial Thinning And Fertilization Treatments In A Western Redcedar (Thuja Plicata) Dominated Forest", "description": "

Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D.\uffe2\uff80\uff89Don.) is an important North American tree species, but little information is available on its long-term responses to silvicultural treatments. Stand responses (mortality, ingrowth, basal area and volume growth, and distributions of trees by diameter and height classes) were followed for 25\uffc2\uffa0years after thinning and fertilization treatments (alone and in combination) were applied to a naturally regenerated, low site quality western redcedar stand on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington, USA. Mortality was low overall, but the densest stands experienced competition-related mortality. Thinning resulted in additional stem recruitment; after 25\uffc2\uffa0years, the number of ingrowth trees exceeded the number of trees in the cohort left after thinning. Fertilization (with nitrogen and phosphorus) flattened size distributions and skewed them to larger size classes. Thinning plus fertilization resulted in the largest individual trees and the most large trees, but also many trees in a wide range of diameter classes. The recruitment of a second cohort did not result in a two-storied stand. Fertilization without thinning resulted in the greatest stand basal area and volume, as well as trees with fewer live lower branches.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Constance A. Harrington, Warren D. Devine,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x10-193"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x10-193", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x10-193", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x10-193"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs11091106", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Integrated Use of Satellite Remote Sensing, Artificial Neural Networks, Field Spectroscopy, and GIS in Estimating Crucial Soil Parameters in Terms of Soil Erosion", "description": "

Soil erosion is one of the main causes of soil degradation among others (salinization, compaction, reduction of organic matter, and non-point source pollution) and is a serious threat in the Mediterranean region. A number of soil properties, such as soil organic matter (SOM), soil structure, particle size, permeability, and Calcium Carbonate equivalent (CaCO3), can be the key properties for the evaluation of soil erosion. In this work, several innovative methods (satellite remote sensing, field spectroscopy, soil chemical analysis, and GIS) were investigated for their potential in monitoring SOM, CaCO3, and soil erodibility (K-factor) of the Akrotiri cape in Crete, Greece. Laboratory analysis and soil spectral reflectance in the VIS-NIR (using either Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, or field spectroscopy data) range combined with machine learning and geostatistics permitted the spatial mapping of SOM, CaCO3, and K-factor. Synergistic use of geospatial modeling based on the aforementioned soil properties and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) erosion assessment model enabled the estimation of soil loss risk. Finally, ordinary least square regression (OLSR) and geographical weighted regression (GWR) methodologies were employed in order to assess the potential contribution of different approaches in estimating soil erosion rates. The derived maps captured successfully the SOM, the CaCO3, and the K-factor spatial distribution in the GIS environment. The results may contribute to the design of erosion best management measures and wise land use planning in the study region.

", "keywords": ["Landsat 8", "2. Zero hunger", "soil erosion", "550", "Science", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Remote sensing", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "field spectroscopy", "6. Clean water", "soil erosion; remote sensing; Sentinel-2; Landsat 8; ANN; RUSLE; field spectroscopy; OLSR; GWR", "remote sensing", "Field spectroscopy", "OLSR", "13. Climate action", "Soil erosion", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "RUSLE", "Sentinel-2", "ANN", "GWR", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1106/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091106"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs11091106", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs11091106", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs11091106"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Cultura&offset=5950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Cultura&offset=5950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Cultura&offset=5900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Cultura&offset=6000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9471, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-05T07:01:02.615596Z"}