{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-01", "title": "Dataset on physico-chemical characteristics of Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs) gathered from various European countries", "description": "Many activities generate organic wastes, including urban activities (e.g., biowaste, sewage sludge), industry (e.g. vinasse) and agriculture (e.g., livestock manure, crop residues). Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs) are secondary raw materials, i.e., wastes and residues from agriculture, municipalities or industry, which are either used as such or further processed with different technologies. The large variability in the raw materials and production technologies increases the diversity of EOM characteristics, which in turn affect their efficacy when applied to soils. The datapaper presents the database \u201cPhysico-chemical characteristics of Exogenous Organic Matters (EOMs)\u201d which is available in the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969793). The database is a non-relational database in column format established in the framework of the EJP SOIL EOM4SOIL project, which aimed at establishing a database on EOM\u2019s characteristics. The database gathered EOM characteristics collected in national databases and surveys from 6 European countries, and completed by data published in scientific articles. It describes physico-chemical characteristics of 126 types of EOMs encompassing urban, industrial and agricultural origins (e.g. urine, biowastes, sewage sludge, farmyard manures) and 91 characteristics (e.g. major elements, trace metals, emerging organic contaminants, pathogens, potentially mineralised C and N). There is an average of about 20 variables collected per type of EOM. Preliminary description of the EOM characteristics database is proposed in the present datapaper using descriptive statistics. The characteristics of the 126 types of EOMs provide valuable insights that can help farmers, policymakers, and agricultural consultants to optimize the use of these materials in fertilization and soil amendment practices. This knowledge is essential for better management of EOM application practices by the farmers in order to increase soil carbon stocks and reduce the reliance on mineral fertilizers.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Science (General)", "Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics", "Digestate", "R858-859.7", "Compost", "Urine", "Sludge Urine", "Sludge", "Biochar", "Livestock manure", "Q1-390", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Composition", "Data Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Data%20in%20Brief", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111585"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envres.2024.118395", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Sustainable strategies: Nature-based solutions to tackle antibiotic resistance gene proliferation and improve agricultural productivity and soil quality", "description": "The issue of antibiotic resistance is now recognized by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the major problems in human health. Although its effects are evident in the healthcare settings, the root cause should be traced back to the One Health link, extending from animals to the environment. In fact, the use of organic fertilizers in agroecosystems represents one, if not the primary, cause of the introduction of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the soil. Since the concentrations of antibiotics introduced into the soil are residual, the agroecosystem has become a perfect environment for the selection and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The continuous influx of these emerging contaminants (i.e., antibiotics) into the agroecosystem results in the selection and accumulation of ARGs in soil bacteria, occasionally giving rise to multi-resistant bacteria. These bacteria may harbour ARGs related to various antibiotics on their plasmids. In this context, these bacteria can potentially enter the human sphere when individuals consume food from contaminated agroecosystems, leading to the acquisition of multi-resistant bacteria. Once introduced into the nosocomial environment, these bacteria pose a significant threat to human health. In this review, we analyse how the use of digestate as an organic fertilizer can mitigate the spread of ARGs in agroecosystems. Furthermore, we highlight how, according to European guidelines, digestate can be considered a Nature-Based Solution (NBS). This NBS not only has the ability to mitigate the spread of ARGs in agroecosystems but also offers the opportunity to further improve Microbial-Based Solutions (MBS), with the aim of enhancing soil quality and productivity.", "keywords": ["Manure", "Soil", "Bacteria", "Genes", " Bacterial", "agroecosystem; digestate; one health; microbial-based solutions", "Animals", "Humans", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Soil Microbiology", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Cell Proliferation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118395"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envres.2024.118395", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envres.2024.118395", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118395"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-11", "title": "Changes of sewage sludge digestate-derived biochar properties after chemical treatments and influence on As(III and V) and Cd(II) sorption", "description": "Abstract This work seeks to extend the knowledge on the effect of chemical treatment of sewage sludge digestate (SSD)-derived biochar for the As(III and V) and Cd(II) sorption ability using potassium hydroxide (KOH) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results showed the increases of the pH of point of zero charge, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) after chemical treatment of biochar. The sorption ability was enhanced from 1.6\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (As(V)) and 16.1\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (Cd(II)) on raw biochar to 8.5\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (As(V)) and 318.5\u202f\u03bcmol\u202fg\u22121 (Cd(II)) on KOH-modified biochar. Furthermore, arsenic redox distribution showed a large oxidation (70%) of As(III) to As(V) in KOH-biochar with batch washing, while a partial oxidation (7%) was observed in KOH-biochar with batch and subsequent column washing. The washing procedures after KOH treatment play an important role on arsenic sorption, due to the release of phosphate (PO43\u2212) as well as organic matter from the biochar that may subsequently lead to the oxidation of As(III) to As(V). Our findings highlight the potential influence of biochar on the redox transformation of As(III) to As(V) and therefore requires a careful assessment while investigating the fate of As in aquatic environments.", "keywords": ["[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "600", "[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry", "02 engineering and technology", "Cd(II)", "Chemical activation", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Sewage sludge digestate derived biochar", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar washing", "As(III)", "As(V)", "[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Biodeterioration%20%26amp%3B%20Biodegradation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/su152416948", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-18", "title": "Microalgae Production on Biogas Digestate in Sub-Alpine Region of Europe\u2014Development of Simple Management Decision Support Tool", "description": "

In a one-and-a-half-year study conducted in the ALS6 region in Europe (Ljubljana, Slovenia), the cultivation of microalgae in anaerobic digestate from food waste, mainly Scenedesmus dimorphus and Scenedesmus quadricauda, was investigated in three ponds (1260 L each) under a greenhouse. The effects of changing digestate quality and quantity as well as seasonal fluctuations on the productivity of the microalgae were investigated in three stages: Learning/Design (SI), Testing (SII), and Verification/Calibration (SIII). A decision support tool (DST) was developed using easy-to-measure parameters such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, mineral nitrogen forms and physical, biological parameters (OD, delayed fluorescence intensity). To control optimal pond operation, we proposed the photosynthetic culture index (PCI) as an early indicator for necessary interventions. Flocculation and nitrite levels (above 3 mg NO2-N L\u22121) were signals for the immediate remediation of the algae culture. Under optimal conditions in summer SIII, an average algal biomass production of 11 \u00b1 1.5 g m\u22122 day\u22121 and a nitrogen use efficiency of 28 \u00b1 2.6 g biomass/g N-input were achieved with the developed DST. The developed DST tool was, in this study, successfully implemented and used for the cultivation of microalgae consortia predominated by Scenedesmus dimorphus and S. quadricauda with biogas digestate. DST offers the possibility to be modified according to producers\u2019 specific needs, facility, digestate and climate conditions, and as such, could be used for different microalgae cultivation processes with biogas digestate as a food source.

", "keywords": ["anaerobic digestion", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "decision support tool", "anaerobna presnova", "circular economy", "orodja za podporo odlo\u010danju", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "microalgae Scenedesmus", "6. Clean water", "open ponds", "circular economy", " anaerobic digestion", " food waste digestate", " microalgae Scenedesmus", " open ponds", " decision support tool", "kro\u017eno gospodarstvo", "digestat \u017eivilskih odpadkov", "mikroalge", "13. Climate action", "\u017eivilski odpadki", "food waste digestate", "kro\u017eno gospodarstvo", " anaerobna presnova", " digestat \u017eivilskih odpadkov", " \u017eivilski odpadki", " mikroalge", " Scenedesmus", " odprti ribniki", " orodja za podporo odlo\u010danju", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/63", "odprti ribniki", "Scenedesmus", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16948/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416948"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/su152416948", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/su152416948", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/su152416948"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-09", "title": "Comparison of Dry Versus Wet Milling to Improve Bioethanol or Methane Recovery from Solid Anaerobic Digestate", "description": "

Biogas plants for waste treatment valorization are presently experiencing rapid development, especially in the agricultural sector, where large amounts of digestate are being generated. In this study, we investigated the effect of vibro-ball milling (VBM) for 5 and 30 min at a frequency of 20 s\uffe2\uff88\uff921 on the physicochemical composition and enzymatic hydrolysis (30 U g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 total solids (TS) of cellulase and endo-1,4-xylanase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum) of dry and wet solid separated digestates from an agricultural biogas plant. We found that VBM of dry solid digestate improved the physical parameters as both the particle size and the crystallinity index (from 27% to 75%) were reduced. By contrast, VBM of wet solid digestate had a minimal effect on the physicochemical parameters. The best results in terms of cellulose and hemicelluloses hydrolysis were noted for 30 min of VBM of dry solid digestate, with hydrolysis yields of 64% and 85% for hemicelluloses and cellulose, respectively. At the condition of 30 min of VBM, bioethanol and methane production on the dry solid separated digestate was investigated. Bioethanol fermentation by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation resulted in an ethanol yield of 98 geth kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 TS (corresponding to 90% of the theoretical value) versus 19 geth kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 TS for raw solid digestate. Finally, in terms of methane potential, VBM for 30 min lead to an increase of the methane potential of 31% compared to untreated solid digestate.

", "keywords": ["anaerobic digestion", "Technology", "[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "QH301-705.5", "sugars recovery", "Biotechnologies", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "milling process", "12. Responsible consumption", "Autre (Chimie)", "Biology (General)", "solid digestate", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "660", "T", "bioethanol production ; sugars recovery ; energy balances ; solid digestate ; milling process ; anaerobic digestion", "anaerobic digestion;solid digestate;milling process;sugars recovery;energy balances;bioethanol production", "600", "540", "energy balances", "6. Clean water", "[SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "[CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/Other", "bioethanol production", "Other", "[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/6/3/80/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/6/3/80/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6030080"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioengineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/bioengineering6030080"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2021.782072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-20", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "

This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.Biobased nitrogen (N) fertilizers derived from animal manure can substitute synthetic mineral N fertilizer and contribute to more sustainable agriculture. Practitioners need to obtain a reliable estimation of the biobased fertilizers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 N value. This study compared the estimates for pig slurry (PS) and liquid fraction of digestate (LFD) using laboratory incubation and plant-growing experiments. A no-N treatment was used as control and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as synthetic mineral fertilizer. After 100 days of incubation, the addition of PS and LFD resulted in a net N mineralization rate of 10.6 \uffc2\uffb1 0.3% and 20.6 \uffc2\uffb1 0.4% of the total applied N, respectively. The addition of CAN showed no significant net mineralization or immobilization (net N release 96 \uffc2\uffb1 6%). In the pot experiment under vegetation, all fertilized treatments caused N immobilization with a negative net N mineralization rate of \uffe2\uff88\uff9251 \uffc2\uffb1 11%, \uffe2\uff88\uff929 \uffc2\uffb1 4%, and \uffe2\uff88\uff9227 \uffc2\uffb1 10% of the total applied N in CAN, PS, and LFD treatments, respectively. Compared to the pot experiment, the laboratory incubation without vegetation may have overestimated the N value of biobased fertilizers. Vegetation resulted in a lower estimation of available N from fertilizers, probably due to intensified competition with soil microbes or increased N loss via denitrification.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "MICROBIAL TURNOVER", "REPLACEMENT VALUE", "Agriculture (General)", "ORGANIC-NITROGEN", "SOIL PROPERTIES", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "incubation", "maize", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "ROOT", "CROP YIELD", "digestate", "immobilization", "N MINERALIZATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY", "PIG SLURRY", "MAIZE", "N dynamics"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/9/870/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/9/870/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11090870"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture11090870", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture11090870", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture11090870"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-07", "title": "The Potential of Digestate and the Liquid Fraction of Digestate as Chemical Fertiliser Substitutes under the RENURE Criteria", "description": "

This study assessed how digestate and the liquid fraction (LF) of digestate would perform as candidate RENURE fertilisers (recovered nitrogen from manure) in nitrate vulnerable zones under the proposed criteria of the Joint Research Centre, namely, (i) a mineral nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90% (Nmin:TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90%) or a total organic carbon to TN ratio \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3 (TOC:TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3); (ii) limits of \uffe2\uff89\uffa4300 copper (Cu) mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and \uffe2\uff89\uffa4800 Zinc (Zn) mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921. These criteria were applied to unpublished data (n = 2622) on digestate compositional properties, further amended with data from the literature (n = 180); digestate analysis from seven full-scale biogas facilities (n = 14); and biogas industry stakeholders (n = 23). The results showed that Cu and Zn mostly met the criteria, with compliance rates of 94.7% (of 1035 entries) and 95.0% (of 1038 entries), respectively. Just above 5% (of 1856 entries) met the Nmin/TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 90% criterion, while 36% (of 1583 entries) met the TOC/TN \uffe2\uff89\uffa4 3 criterion, while total compliance was 32% (of 1893 entries). When targeting the LF, total compliance increased noticeably, between 43 and 58% depending on DM range, indicating that LFs are better suited RENURE candidate fertilisers than unseparated digestate.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "AMENDMENT PROPERTIES", "RENURE", "liquid fraction", "SEWAGE-SLUDGE", "NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS", "ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION", "SAFEMANURE", "7. Clean energy", "NUTRIENT RECOVERY PROCESSES", "NUE", "USE EFFICIENCY", "BIOGAS PRODUCTION", "ORGANIC FRACTION", "S", "circular economy", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Nitrates Directive", "NFRV", "MINERAL FERTILIZERS", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "digestate", "manure", "CATTLE SLURRY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1374/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071374"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11071374", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11071374"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-12", "title": "Evaluating the Fertilising Potential of Blended Recovered Nutrients in Horticultural Growing Medium on Viola x wittrockiana L.", "description": "

Viola x wittrockiana L. is an ornamental plant in high demand in horticulture. It is becoming more critical for greenhouse growers to focus on sustainable production to enhance plant quality while reducing negative environmental impacts. Therefore, assessing the effect of recycled phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) sources on the growth of viola could become very useful for producers in terms of sustainability. This experiment analysed the optimal fertiliser composition to grow viola using recovered fertilisers in a greenhouse trial under controlled conditions. Well-rooted viola plugs were grown in a standard peat-based growing medium. Using recycled sources of P and N as struvite and potassium struvite, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium nitrate, 14 fertiliser blends were prepared, tested, and compared with the slow-release commercial fertiliser Osmocote. Plants treated with ammonium nitrate showed healthy growth and optimal plant N concentrations. In contrast, most blends using the recovered ammonium sulphate resulted in an unacceptable increase of ammonium concentrations in the growing medium. The combination of ammonium sulphate and potassium sulphate caused an increase in the electrical conductivity in the growing medium, negatively affecting plant growth. However, blend 13 containing struvite, ammonium sulphate and potassium struvite expressed the best chemical composition with non-significant differences in the biomass from the positive controls, as it reduced the amount of potassium sulphate needed. Our results indicate that fertiliser blends containing P as struvite, N as ammonium nitrate or reduced amount of ammonium sulphate, and K as potassium struvite can substitute the use of mineral fertiliser blends to grow ornamental plant species as viola.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "nutrient recycling", "0301 basic medicine", "alternative fertilisers", "WASTE", "plant nutrition", "struvite", "PANSY", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "PLANTS", "recovered nutrients; ornamental plants; greenhouse flowers; sustainable plant production; alternative fertilisers; plant nutrition; struvite; nutrient recycling", "ornamental plants", "recovered nutrients", "greenhouse flowers", "2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "DIGESTATE", "sustainable plant production", "MINERAL FERTILIZERS", "GROWTH", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/640", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "FORM"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/182/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/182/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010182"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy12010182", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy12010182"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/app14051917", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-26", "title": "Effects of Anaerobic Digestates and Biochar Amendments on Soil Health, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Microbial Communities: A Mesocosm Study", "description": "

This study addresses the need for a comprehensive understanding of digestate and biochar in mitigating climate change and improving soil health, crucial for sustainable agriculture within the circular bioeconomy framework. Through a mesocosm experiment, soil was amended with digestates from pilot-scale reactors and two concentrations of biochar produced by pyrolysis of digested sewage sludge and waste wood. The Germination Index (GI) assay assessed phytotoxicity on Lactuca sativa and Triticum aestivum seeds. Greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) measurements, soil characteristics analyses, and the study of microbial community structure enriched the study\u2019s depth. The GI assay revealed diverse responses among by-products, dilution rates, and plant types, highlighting the potential phyto-stimulatory effects of digestate and biochar water-extracts. While digestate proved to be effective as fertilizer, concerns arose regarding microbial contamination. Biochar application reduced Clostridiaceae presence in soil but unexpectedly increased N2O emissions at higher concentrations, emphasizing the need for further research on biochar\u2019s role in mitigating microbial impacts. CO2 emissions increased with digestate application but decreased with a 10% biochar concentration, aligning with control levels. CH4 uptake decreased with digestate and high biochar concentrations. The study underscores the importance of tailored approaches considering biochar composition and dosage to optimize soil greenhouse gas fluxes and microbial communities.

", "keywords": ["Technology", "m\u00e4d\u00e4te", "QH301-705.5", "QC1-999", "Clostridiaceae", "ravinteet", "01 natural sciences", "630", "333", "12. Responsible consumption", "greenhouse gas emission", "biochar", "Biology (General)", "microorganisms", "QD1-999", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biohiili", "soil nutrient", "T", "Physics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Clostridiae", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "kasvihuonekaasut", "13. Climate action", "digestate", "mikro-organismit", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "TA1-2040"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/5/1917/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051917"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/app14051917", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/app14051917", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/app14051917"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-16", "title": "Ammonium Recovery and Biogas Upgrading in a Tubular Micro-Pilot Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC)", "description": "

Here, a 12-liter tubular microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) was developed as a post treatment unit for simultaneous biogas upgrading and ammonium recovery from the liquid effluent of an anaerobic digestion process. The MEC configuration adopted a cation exchange membrane to separate the inner anodic chamber and the external cathodic chamber, which were filled with graphite granules. The cathodic chamber performed the CO2 removal through the bioelectromethanogenesis reaction and alkalinity generation while the anodic oxidation of a synthetic fermentate partially sustained the energy demand of the process. Three different nitrogen load rates (73, 365, and 2229 mg N/Ld) were applied to the inner anodic chamber to test the performances of the whole process in terms of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal, CO2 removal, and nitrogen recovery. By maintaining the organic load rate at 2.55 g COD/Ld and the anodic chamber polarization at +0.2 V vs. SHE (Standard Hydrogen Electrode), the increase of the nitrogen load rate promoted the ammonium migration and recovery, i.e., the percentage of current counterbalanced by the ammonium migration increased from 1% to 100% by increasing the nitrogen load rate by 30-fold. The CO2 removal slightly increased during the three periods, and permitted the removal of 65% of the influent CO2, which corresponded to an average removal of 2.2 g CO2/Ld. During the operation with the higher nitrogen load rate, the MEC energy consumption, which was simultaneously used for the different operations, was lower than the selected benchmark technologies, i.e., 0.47 kW/N\uffc2\uffb7m3 for CO2 removal and 0.88 kW\uffc2\uffb7h/kg COD for COD oxidation were consumed by the MEC while the ammonium nitrogen recovery consumed 2.3 kW\uffc2\uffb7h/kg N.

", "keywords": ["Bioelectric Energy Sources", "Nitrogen", "Organic chemistry", "Pilot Projects", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "Electrolysis", "biogas upgrading", " nitrogen recovery", " microbial electrolysis cell", " bioelectromethanogenesis", " digestate", "biogas upgrading", "QD241-441", "Bioreactors", "Ammonium Compounds", "Anaerobiosis", "Cation Exchange Resins", "Electrodes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis", "Electrochemical Techniques", "microbial electrolysis cell", "6. Clean water", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "digestate", "Biofuels", "nitrogen recovery", "bioelectromethanogenesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2723/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1415412/1/Cristiani_Ammonium_2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2723/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122723"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/molecules25122723"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8721205", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:27:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-20", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "

This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.

The potential for soil carbon (C) sequestration strongly depends on the availability of plant biomass inputs, making its efficient use critical for designing net zero strategies. Here, we compared different biomass processing pathways and quantified the long-term effect of the resulting exogenous organic materials (EOMs) on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. We estimated C losses during feed digestion of plant material, storage of manure, composting and anaerobic digestion of plant material and manure, and pyrolysis of plant material based on literature values. Then we applied the widely used SOC model RothC with newly developed parameters to quantify SOC storage efficiency, i.e., accounting for both processing losses and decomposition losses, of the different EOMs. Based on simulations for a 39-year long cropland trial in Switzerland, we found that the SOC storage efficiency is higher for plant material directly added to the soil (16 %) compared to digestate and manure (3 % and 5 % respectively). For compost, the effect was less clear (2 % ̶ 18 %; mean: 10 %) due to a high uncertainty in C-losses during composting. In the case of biochar, 43 % of the initial plant C remained in the soil, due to its high intrinsic stability despite C-losses of 54 % during pyrolysis. To provide robust recommendations for optimal biomass use, additional considerations such as nutrient availability of EOMs, environmental impacts of soil application, and life cycle assessments for the entire production processes should be included. 

", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "compost", "net zero", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "carbon farming", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630", "333", "modelling", "soil carbon sequestration", "digestate", "manure", "biochar", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-2248"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/egusphere-egu25-2248", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/egusphere-egu25-2248", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-2248"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12079/59733", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:25:03Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\u201330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.", "keywords": ["genotype-dependence", "plant phenotyping", "early growth stage", "Triticum durum", "digestate", "evapotranspiration", "biochar", "projected shoot area"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Latini A., Fiorani F., Galeffi P., Cantale C., Bevivino A., Jablonowski N. D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/1/Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/5/Data_Sheet_2_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/7/Data_Sheet_4_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/8/Data_Sheet_5_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12079/59733", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12079/59733", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15040664", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:22:29Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data for: Nutrient recovery from digestate: Pilot test experiments", "keywords": ["food waste", "digestate", "selective electrodialysis"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Centre for Research and Technology Hellas", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15040664"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15040664", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15040664", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15040664"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3571203", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:22:59Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Solar drying as a nature-based approach for nutrients recovery from digested animal manures", "description": "Solar drying, a nature-based technology, with low environmental impact and energy cost, is being used for the first time for nutrient recovery from anaerobically digested animal manures. The final product is comparable to other organic fertilizers. In this work, a mass balance of combined digestate treatments (solid-liquid separation, stripping, acidification and solar drying) is presented to evaluate the potential of this technology, identifying its bottle-necks and feasibility at full-scale as well as its environmental impact by gaseous emission monitoring.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "resource recovery", " digestate", " solar drying", " high-quality fertilizers.", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Morey, Riau, Biel, Porta, Soler, , Fern\u00e1ndez,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3571203"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3571203", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3571203", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3571203"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/371385", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:23:52Z", "type": "Other", "title": "EOM4Soil Deliverable 5.2 - Report on organic contamination in EOM and amended soil and effect of pre-processing", "description": "EmbargoPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Manure", "Organic contaminants", "Biochar", "Digestate", "Pyrolysis"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Albero Romano, Mar\u00eda Beatriz, P\u00e9rez Mart\u00edn, Rosa Ana, Mart\u00edn Esteban, Antonio,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/371385"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/371385", "name": "item", "description": "10261/371385", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/371385"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/404636", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:23:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-11-03", "title": "Impact of organic amendments on carbon stability and carbon use efficiency in acidic and alkaline soils", "description": "Open Access14 p\u00e1ginas.- 5 figuras.- 4 tablas.- referencias.- The electronic annex includes: A detailed description of the Cmicro calculation, an image of the automatic respirometer along with a diagram of its operation (SF1), standard curves for qPCR-based quantification (SF2), FT-IR spectra (SF3), thermal analysis profile of soils (SF4), and ST1 containing all the results of thermogravimetric analyses. Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106577", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Biochar", "Carbon use efficiency", "Digestate", "Compost", "Carbon farming"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rosa Arranz, Jos\u00e9 M. de la, P\u00e9rez-Dal\u00ed, Sara, S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00edn, \u00c1gueda M., M\u00e1rquez-Moreno, J., Martin-Sanchez, Pedro M\u00aa, San Emeterio, Layla M., Guti\u00e9rrez Patricio, S., Cubero, Beatriz, Knicker, Heike, Campos D\u00edaz de Mayorga, Paloma, Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez, Jos\u00e9 Antonio,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/404636"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/404636", "name": "item", "description": "10261/404636", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/404636"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/383837", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:24:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-14", "title": "Efficiency of plant biomass processing pathways for long-term soil carbon storage", "description": "

The potential for soil carbon (C) sequestration strongly depends on the availability of plant biomass inputs, making its efficient use critical for designing net zero strategies. Here, we compared different biomass processing pathways and quantified the long-term effect of the resulting exogenous organic materials (EOMs) on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. We estimated C losses during feed digestion of plant material, storage of manure, composting and anaerobic digestion of plant material and manure, and pyrolysis of plant material based on literature values. Then we applied the widely used SOC model RothC with newly developed parameters to quantify SOC storage efficiency, i.e., accounting for both processing losses and decomposition losses, of the different EOMs. Based on simulations for a 39-year long cropland trial in Switzerland, we found that the SOC storage efficiency is higher for plant material directly added to the soil (16 %) compared to digestate and manure (3 % and 5 % respectively). For compost, the effect was less clear (2 % ̶ 18 %; mean: 10 %) due to a high uncertainty in C-losses during composting. In the case of biochar, 43 % of the initial plant C remained in the soil, due to its high intrinsic stability despite C-losses of 54 % during pyrolysis. To provide robust recommendations for optimal biomass use, additional considerations such as nutrient availability of EOMs, environmental impacts of soil application, and life cycle assessments for the entire production processes should be included. 

", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "compost", "net zero", "Net zero", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "carbon farming", "Digestate", "Compost", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630", "333", "Carbon farming", "Modelling", "modelling", "Manure", "Biochar", "soil carbon sequestration", "digestate", "manure", "biochar", "Soil carbon sequestration", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/383837"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/383837", "name": "item", "description": "10261/383837", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/383837"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12079/82508", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:25:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Sustainable strategies: Nature-based solutions to tackle antibiotic resistance gene proliferation and improve agricultural productivity and soil quality", "description": "The issue of antibiotic resistance is now recognized by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the major problems in human health. Although its effects are evident in the healthcare settings, the root cause should be traced back to the One Health link, extending from animals to the environment. In fact, the use of organic fertilizers in agroecosystems represents one, if not the primary, cause of the introduction of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the soil. Since the concentrations of antibiotics introduced into the soil are residual, the agroecosystem has become a perfect environment for the selection and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The continuous influx of these emerging contaminants (i.e., antibiotics) into the agroecosystem results in the selection and accumulation of ARGs in soil bacteria, occasionally giving rise to multi-resistant bacteria. These bacteria may harbour ARGs related to various antibiotics on their plasmids. In this context, these bacteria can potentially enter the human sphere when individuals consume food from contaminated agroecosystems, leading to the acquisition of multi-resistant bacteria. Once introduced into the nosocomial environment, these bacteria pose a significant threat to human health. In this review, we analyse how the use of digestate as an organic fertilizer can mitigate the spread of ARGs in agroecosystems. Furthermore, we highlight how, according to European guidelines, digestate can be considered a Nature-Based Solution (NBS). This NBS not only has the ability to mitigate the spread of ARGs in agroecosystems but also offers the opportunity to further improve Microbial-Based Solutions (MBS), with the aim of enhancing soil quality and productivity.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Agroecosystem", "Digestate", "agroecosystem; digestate; one health; microbial-based solutions", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Manure", "Soil", "Microbial-based solutions", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Animals", "Humans", "Soil Microbiology", "One health", "Cell Proliferation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12079/82508"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12079/82508", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12079/82508", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12079/82508"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12556/RUL-153431", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:25:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-18", "title": "Microalgae Production on Biogas Digestate in Sub-Alpine Region of Europe\u2014Development of Simple Management Decision Support Tool", "description": "

In a one-and-a-half-year study conducted in the ALS6 region in Europe (Ljubljana, Slovenia), the cultivation of microalgae in anaerobic digestate from food waste, mainly Scenedesmus dimorphus and Scenedesmus quadricauda, was investigated in three ponds (1260 L each) under a greenhouse. The effects of changing digestate quality and quantity as well as seasonal fluctuations on the productivity of the microalgae were investigated in three stages: Learning/Design (SI), Testing (SII), and Verification/Calibration (SIII). A decision support tool (DST) was developed using easy-to-measure parameters such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, mineral nitrogen forms and physical, biological parameters (OD, delayed fluorescence intensity). To control optimal pond operation, we proposed the photosynthetic culture index (PCI) as an early indicator for necessary interventions. Flocculation and nitrite levels (above 3 mg NO2-N L\u22121) were signals for the immediate remediation of the algae culture. Under optimal conditions in summer SIII, an average algal biomass production of 11 \u00b1 1.5 g m\u22122 day\u22121 and a nitrogen use efficiency of 28 \u00b1 2.6 g biomass/g N-input were achieved with the developed DST. The developed DST tool was, in this study, successfully implemented and used for the cultivation of microalgae consortia predominated by Scenedesmus dimorphus and S. quadricauda with biogas digestate. DST offers the possibility to be modified according to producers\u2019 specific needs, facility, digestate and climate conditions, and as such, could be used for different microalgae cultivation processes with biogas digestate as a food source.

", "keywords": ["anaerobic digestion", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "decision support tool", "anaerobna presnova", "circular economy", "orodja za podporo odlo\u010danju", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "microalgae Scenedesmus", "6. Clean water", "open ponds", "kro\u017eno gospodarstvo", "digestat \u017eivilskih odpadkov", "mikroalge", "13. Climate action", "\u017eivilski odpadki", "food waste digestate", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/63", "odprti ribniki", "Scenedesmus", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16948/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12556/RUL-153431"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12556/RUL-153431", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12556/RUL-153431", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12556/RUL-153431"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:32:17Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\u201330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.", "keywords": ["genotype-dependence", "plant phenotyping", "early growth stage", "Triticum durum", "digestate", "evapotranspiration", "biochar", "projected shoot area"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Latini A., Fiorani F., Galeffi P., Cantale C., Bevivino A., Jablonowski N. D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/1/Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/5/Data_Sheet_2_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/7/Data_Sheet_4_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/8/Data_Sheet_5_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "name": "item", "description": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Digestate&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Digestate&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Digestate&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Digestate&offset=22", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 22, "numberReturned": 22, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T06:17:41.016873Z"}