{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-22", "title": "Interactions between cover crops and soil microorganisms increase phosphorus availability in conservation agriculture", "description": "AbstractAims<p>An essential task of agricultural systems is to improve internal phosphorus (P) recycling. Cover crops and tillage reduction can increase sustainability, but it is not known whether stimulation of the soil microbial community can increase the availability of soil organic P pools.</p>Methods<p>In a field experiment in southwest Germany, the effects of a winter cover crop mixture (vs. bare fallow) and no-till (vs. non-inversion tillage) on microbial P-cycling were assessed with soybean as the main crop. Microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), P cycling enzymes, and carbon-substrate use capacity were linked for the first time with the lability of organic P pools measured by enzyme addition assays (using phosphodiesterase, non-phytase-phosphomonoesterase and fungal phytase).</p>Results<p>Microbial phosphorus, phosphatase, and fatty acids increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Enzyme-stable organic P shifted towards enzyme-labile organic P pools. Effects of no-till were weaker, and a synergy with cover crops was not evident.</p>Conclusions<p>In this experiment, cover crops were able to increase the microbially mediated internal P cycling in a non-P-limited, temperate agroecosystems.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/154721/1/Hallama_et_al_2021__Interactions_cover_crops_organic_P_enzymes.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2018jg004795", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-09", "title": "Comparison With Global Soil Radiocarbon Observations Indicates Needed Carbon Cycle Improvements in the E3SM Land Model", "description": "Abstract<p>We evaluated global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and turnover time predictions from a global land model (ELMv1\uffe2\uff80\uff90ECA) integrated in an Earth System Model (E3SM) by comparing them with observed soil bulk and \uffce\uff9414C values around the world. We analyzed observed and simulated SOC stocks and \uffce\uff9414C values using machine learning methods at the Earth System Model grid cell scale (~200\uffc2\uffa0km). In grid cells with sufficient observations, the model provided reasonable estimates of soil carbon stocks across soil depth and \uffce\uff9414C values near the surface but underestimated \uffce\uff9414C at depth. Among many explanatory variables, soil albedo index, soil order, plant function type, air temperature, and SOC content were major factors affecting predicted SOC \uffce\uff9414C values. The influences of soil albedo index, soil order, and air temperature were primarily important in the shallow subsurface (\uffe2\uff89\uffa430\uffc2\uffa0cm). We also performed sensitivity studies using different vertical root distributions and decomposition turnover times and compared to observed SOC stock and \uffce\uff9414C profiles. The analyses support the role of vegetation in affecting soil carbon turnover, particularly in deep soil, possibly through supplying fresh carbon and degrading physical\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical protection of SOC via root activities. Allowing for grid cell\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific rooting and decomposition rates substantially reduced discrepancies between observed and predicted \uffce\uff9414C values and SOC content. Our results highlight the need for more explicit representation of roots, microbes, and soil physical protection in land models.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "advanced land modeling", "Earth System Models", "3706 Geophysics (for-2020)", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Climate Action", "soil organic carbon", "Geophysics", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "machine learning", "statistical analysis", "13. Climate action", "0404 Geophysics (for)", "Earth Sciences", "radiocarbon", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JG004795"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4h72t9fq/qt4h72t9fq.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jg004795"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2018jg004795", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2018jg004795", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2018jg004795"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy13010109", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-30", "title": "Identifying and Comparing Easily Accessible Frameworks for Assessing Soil Organic Matter Functioning", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil organic matter (SOM) stocks are crucial for soil fertility and food provision and also contribute to climate change adaptation and mitigation. However, assessing SOM changes in cropping systems is difficult due to the varying quantity and quality of input data. SOM processes have been described by several models, but these are complex and require high amounts of input data. In this work, we identified and selected frameworks that simulate SOM pools and stocks as well as the effects of different management practices. We also required that the frameworks be easily accessible for farm-related end users and require limited and accessible amounts of input data. In all, six frameworks met our inclusion criteria: SOCRATES (Soil Organic Carbon Reserves and Transformations in EcoSystems), CCB (CANDY and-Carbon Balance), AMG, CENTURY, CQESTR, and RothC (Rothamsted Carbon Model). We collected information on these frameworks and compared them in terms of their accessibility, the model time steps used, the nutrient cycles included in the simulation, the number of SOM pools, and the agricultural management options included. Our results showed that CCB was the most robust of the frameworks considered, while AMG, CQESTR, and RothC performed the least well. However, all frameworks have strengths which may match the specific requirements and abilities of individual users.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "01 natural sciences", "farming", "soil", "13. Climate action", "tools", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "910 Geography & travel", "sustainability; soil; farming; organic pools; tools", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "organic pools"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/176959/1/agronomy-13-00109.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/1/109/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010109"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy13010109", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy13010109", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy13010109"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11020223", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-03", "title": "Opportunities for Mitigating Soil Compaction in Europe\u2014Case Studies from the SoilCare Project Using Soil-Improving Cropping Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil compaction (SC) is a major threat for agriculture in Europe that affects many ecosystem functions, such as water and air circulation in soils, root growth, and crop production. Our objective was to present the results from five short-term (&lt;5 years) case studies located along the north\u2013south and east\u2013west gradients and conducted within the SoilCare project using soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs) for mitigating topsoil and subsoil SC. Two study sites (SSs) focused on natural subsoil (\u02c325 cm) compaction using subsoiling tillage treatments to depths of 35 cm (Sweden) and 60 cm (Romania). The other SSs addressed both topsoil and subsoil SC (\u02c325 cm, Norway and United Kingdom; \u02c330 cm, Italy) using deep-rooted bio-drilling crops and different tillage types or a combination of both. Each SS evaluated the effectiveness of the SICSs by measuring the soil physical properties, and we calculated SC indices. The SICSs showed promising results\u2014for example, alfalfa in Norway showed good potential for alleviating SC (the subsoil density decreased from 1.69 to 1.45 g cm\u22121) and subsoiling at the Swedish SS improved root penetration into the subsoil by about 10 cm\u2014but the effects of SICSs on yields were generally small. These case studies also reflected difficulties in implementing SICSs, some of which are under development, and we discuss methodological issues for measuring their effectiveness. There is a need for refining these SICSs and for evaluating their longer-term effect under a wider range of pedoclimatic conditions.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "degree of compaction", "Soil Science", "straw incorporation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil penetration resistance", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "degree of compaction; soil penetration resistance; relative normalised density; air-filled porosity; tillage; straw incorporation; bio-drilling crops; subsoiling; crop productivity", "relative normalised density", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "S Agriculture (General)", "910 Geography & travel", "air-filled porosity", "550 Earth sciences & geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/223/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/27668/1/piccoli-i-et-al-220502.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/165197/1/Opportunities_for_Mitigating_Soil_Compaction_in_Europe_Case.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462067/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16542/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020223"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11020223", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11020223", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11020223"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11040537", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-08", "title": "An Overview of Sustainability Assessment Frameworks in Agriculture", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Recent research established a link between environmental alterations due to agriculture intensification, social damage and the loss of economic growth. Thus, the integration of environmental and social dimensions is key for economic development. In recent years, several frameworks have been proposed to assess the overall sustainability of farms. Nevertheless, the myriad of existing frameworks and the variety of indicators result in difficulties in selecting the most appropriate framework for study site application. This manuscript aims to: (i) understand the criteria to select appropriate frameworks and summarize the range of those being used to assess sustainability; (ii) identify the available frameworks to assess agricultural sustainability; and (iii) analyze the strengths, weaknesses and applicability of each framework. Six frameworks, namely SAFA, RISE, MASC, LADA, SMART and public goods (PG), were identified. Results show that SMART is the framework that considers, in a balanced way, the environmental, sociocultural and economic dimensions of sustainability, whereas others focused on the environmental (RISE), environmental and economic (PG) and sociocultural (SAFA) dimension. However, depending on the scale assessment, sector of application and the sustainability completeness intended, all frameworks are suitable for the assessment. We present a decision tree to help future users understand the best option for their objective.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agriculture; sustainability frameworks; socio-economic and environmental indicators; soil land management", "soil land management", "S", "socio-economic and environmental indicators", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "910 Geography & travel", "sustainability frameworks", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/537/pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/169121/1/land-11-00537.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040537"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11040537", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11040537", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11040537"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11050729", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-12", "title": "A New Framework to Assess Sustainability of Soil Improving Cropping Systems in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Assessing agricultural sustainability is one of the most challenging tasks related to expertise and support methodologies because it entails multidisciplinary aspects and builds on cultural and value-based elements. Thus, agricultural sustainability should be considered a social concept, reliable enough to support decision makers and policy development in a broad context. The aim of this manuscript was to develop a methodology for the assessment of the sustainability of soil improving cropping systems (SICS) in Europe. For this purpose, a decision tree based on weights (%) was chosen because it allows more flexibility. The methodology was tested with data from the SoilCare Horizon 2020 study site in Germany for the assessment of the impact of the integration of cover crops into the crop rotation. The effect on the environmental indicators was slightly positive, but most assessed properties did not change over the short course of the experiment. Farmers reported that the increase in workload was outweighed by a reputation gain for using cover crops. The incorporation of cover crops reduced slightly the profitability, due to the costs for seeds and establishment of cover crops. The proposed assessment methodology provides a comprehensive summary to assess the agricultural sustainability of SICS.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "sustainability framework; overall sustainability; costs and benefits; cover crops", "sustainability framework", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "costs and benefits", "cover crops", "910 Geography & travel", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "overall sustainability"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/5/729/pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/169997/1/land-11-00729.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050729"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11050729", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11050729", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11050729"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11060780", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-25", "title": "Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Sustainable and Profitable Farming in Europe", "description": "<p>Soils form the basis for agricultural production and other ecosystem services, and soil management should aim at improving their quality and resilience. Within the SoilCare project, the concept of soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) was developed as a holistic approach to facilitate the adoption of soil management that is sustainable and profitable. SICS selected with stakeholders were monitored and evaluated for environmental, sociocultural, and economic effects to determine profitability and sustainability. Monitoring results were upscaled to European level using modelling and Europe-wide data, and a mapping tool was developed to assist in selection of appropriate SICS across Europe. Furthermore, biophysical, sociocultural, economic, and policy reasons for (non)adoption were studied. Results at the plot/farm scale showed a small positive impact of SICS on environment and soil, no effect on sustainability, and small negative impacts on economic and sociocultural dimensions. Modelling showed that different SICS had different impacts across Europe\uffe2\uff80\uff94indicating the importance of understanding local dynamics in Europe-wide assessments. Work on adoption of SICS confirmed the role economic considerations play in the uptake of SICS, but also highlighted social factors such as trust. The project\uffe2\uff80\uff99s results underlined the need for policies that support and enable a transition to more sustainable agricultural practices in a coherent way.</p>", "keywords": ["S1", "Soil Science", "crop management", "sustainable soil management", "S589.75_Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil quality; sustainable soil management; adoption; crop management; environmental dimension; sociocultural dimension; economic dimension", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "soil quality", "910 Geography & travel", "Agricultural Science", "adoption", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "environmental dimension", "S", "economic dimension", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "sociocultural dimension", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.glos.ac.uk/11159/1/11159%20Webb%2C%20et%20al%20%282022%29%20Soil-improving%20cropping%20systems%20for%20sustainable%20and%20profitable%20farming%20in%20Europe.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/28669/1/hessel-r-et-al-220808.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/170337/1/land-11-00780-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462064/1/land-11-00780.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=282070/A8C9E72D-16C8-421E-A19E-B021CC82D589.pdf&pub_id=282070"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11060780"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11060780", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11060780", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11060780"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.48350/154721", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-22", "title": "Interactions between cover crops and soil microorganisms increase phosphorus availability in conservation agriculture", "description": "AbstractAims<p>An essential task of agricultural systems is to improve internal phosphorus (P) recycling. Cover crops and tillage reduction can increase sustainability, but it is not known whether stimulation of the soil microbial community can increase the availability of soil organic P pools.</p>Methods<p>In a field experiment in southwest Germany, the effects of a winter cover crop mixture (vs. bare fallow) and no-till (vs. non-inversion tillage) on microbial P-cycling were assessed with soybean as the main crop. Microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), P cycling enzymes, and carbon-substrate use capacity were linked for the first time with the lability of organic P pools measured by enzyme addition assays (using phosphodiesterase, non-phytase-phosphomonoesterase and fungal phytase).</p>Results<p>Microbial phosphorus, phosphatase, and fatty acids increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Enzyme-stable organic P shifted towards enzyme-labile organic P pools. Effects of no-till were weaker, and a synergy with cover crops was not evident.</p>Conclusions<p>In this experiment, cover crops were able to increase the microbially mediated internal P cycling in a non-P-limited, temperate agroecosystems.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/154721/1/Hallama_et_al_2021__Interactions_cover_crops_organic_P_enzymes.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.48350/154721"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.48350/154721", "name": "item", "description": "10.48350/154721", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.48350/154721"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.48350/169997", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-12", "title": "A New Framework to Assess Sustainability of Soil Improving Cropping Systems in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Assessing agricultural sustainability is one of the most challenging tasks related to expertise and support methodologies because it entails multidisciplinary aspects and builds on cultural and value-based elements. Thus, agricultural sustainability should be considered a social concept, reliable enough to support decision makers and policy development in a broad context. The aim of this manuscript was to develop a methodology for the assessment of the sustainability of soil improving cropping systems (SICS) in Europe. For this purpose, a decision tree based on weights (%) was chosen because it allows more flexibility. The methodology was tested with data from the SoilCare Horizon 2020 study site in Germany for the assessment of the impact of the integration of cover crops into the crop rotation. The effect on the environmental indicators was slightly positive, but most assessed properties did not change over the short course of the experiment. Farmers reported that the increase in workload was outweighed by a reputation gain for using cover crops. The incorporation of cover crops reduced slightly the profitability, due to the costs for seeds and establishment of cover crops. The proposed assessment methodology provides a comprehensive summary to assess the agricultural sustainability of SICS.</p></article>", "keywords": ["INDICATORS", "IMPACT", "Environmental Studies", "LEVEL", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "3301 Architecture", "12. Responsible consumption", "4104 Environmental management", "11. Sustainability", "MANAGEMENT", "Life Science", "costs and benefits", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "910 Geography & travel", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "overall sustainability", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "S", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability framework; overall sustainability; costs and benefits; cover crops", "sustainability framework", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "FARMERS"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/5/729/pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/169997/1/land-11-00729.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.48350/169997"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.48350/169997", "name": "item", "description": "10.48350/169997", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.48350/169997"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/364526", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-17", "title": "Quantification of the dust optical depth across spatiotemporal scales with the MIDAS global dataset (2003\u20132017)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Quantifying the dust optical depth (DOD) and its uncertainty across spatiotemporal scales is key to understanding and constraining the dust cycle and its interactions with the Earth System. This study quantifies the DOD along with its monthly and year-to-year variability between 2003 and 2017 at global and regional levels based on the MIDAS (ModIs Dust AeroSol) dataset, which combines Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Aqua retrievals and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), reanalysis products. We also describe the annual and seasonal geographical distributions of DOD across the main dust source regions and transport pathways. MIDAS provides columnar mid-visible (550\u2009nm) DOD at fine spatial resolution (0.1\u2218\u00d70.1\u2218), expanding the current observational capabilities for monitoring the highly variable spatiotemporal features of the dust burden. We obtain a global DOD of 0.032\u00b10.003 \u2013 approximately a quarter (23.4\u2009%\u00b12.4\u2009%) of the global aerosol optical depth (AOD) \u2013 with about 1\u00a0order of magnitude more DOD in the Northern Hemisphere (0.056\u00b10.004; 31.8\u2009%\u00b12.7\u2009%) than in the Southern Hemisphere (0.008\u00b10.001; 8.2\u2009%\u00b11.1\u2009%) and about 3.5 times more DOD over land (0.070\u00b10.005) than over ocean (0.019\u00b10.002). The Northern Hemisphere monthly DOD is highly correlated with the corresponding monthly AOD (R2=0.94) and contributes 20\u2009% to 48\u2009% of it, both indicating a dominant dust contribution. In contrast, the contribution of dust to the monthly AOD does not exceed 17\u2009% in the Southern Hemisphere, although the uncertainty in this region is larger. Among the major dust sources of the planet, the maximum DODs (\u223c1.2) are recorded in the Bod\u00e9l\u00e9 Depression of the northern Lake Chad Basin, whereas moderate-to-high intensities are encountered in the Western Sahara (boreal summer), along the eastern parts of the Middle East (boreal summer) and in the Taklamakan Desert (spring). Over oceans, major long-range dust transport is observed primarily along the tropical Atlantic (intensified during boreal summer) and secondarily in the North Pacific (intensified during boreal spring). Our calculated global and regional averages and associated uncertainties are consistent with some but not all recent observation-based studies. Our work provides a simple yet flexible method to estimate consistent uncertainties across spatiotemporal scales, which will enhance the use of the MIDAS dataset in a variety of future studies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Mineral dusts", "3702 Climate change science (for-2020)", "QC1-999", "0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences (for)", "0401 Atmospheric Sciences (for)", "3701 Atmospheric Sciences (for-2020)", "01 natural sciences", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences (science-metrix)", "Atmospheric Sciences", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroaliment\u00e0ria::Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra i de la vida::Climatologia i meteorologia", "Simulaci\u00f3 per ordinador", "Pols", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "Datasets", "Dust optical depth (DOD)", "Earth System", "QD1-999", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", ":Enginyeria agroaliment\u00e0ria::Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra i de la vida::Climatologia i meteorologia [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "3701 Atmospheric sciences (for-2020)", "Physics", "MIDAS global dataset", "16. Peace & justice", "Climate Action", "Chemistry", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "13. Climate action", "Mineral dust particles", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "Astronomical and Space Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/3553/2022/acp-22-3553-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9v38c6qs/qt9v38c6qs.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2117/364526"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/364526", "name": "item", "description": "2117/364526", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/364526"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:18Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-01-28", "title": "A global, empirical, harmonised dataset of Soil Organic Carbon under Perennial Crops", "description": "This dataset is associated with the manuscript 'Soil organic carbon changes under perennial crops. A global, empirical, harmonised dataset' by:<i> </i>A. Ledo et al.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified", "FOS: Agriculture", " forestry and fisheries", "50301 Carbon Sequestration Science", "50199 Ecological Applications not elsewhere classified", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "name": "item", "description": "10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6084/m9.figshare.7637210.v2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10451/61810", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-30", "title": "Identifying and Comparing Easily Accessible Frameworks for Assessing Soil Organic Matter Functioning", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil organic matter (SOM) stocks are crucial for soil fertility and food provision and also contribute to climate change adaptation and mitigation. However, assessing SOM changes in cropping systems is difficult due to the varying quantity and quality of input data. SOM processes have been described by several models, but these are complex and require high amounts of input data. In this work, we identified and selected frameworks that simulate SOM pools and stocks as well as the effects of different management practices. We also required that the frameworks be easily accessible for farm-related end users and require limited and accessible amounts of input data. In all, six frameworks met our inclusion criteria: SOCRATES (Soil Organic Carbon Reserves and Transformations in EcoSystems), CCB (CANDY and-Carbon Balance), AMG, CENTURY, CQESTR, and RothC (Rothamsted Carbon Model). We collected information on these frameworks and compared them in terms of their accessibility, the model time steps used, the nutrient cycles included in the simulation, the number of SOM pools, and the agricultural management options included. Our results showed that CCB was the most robust of the frameworks considered, while AMG, CQESTR, and RothC performed the least well. However, all frameworks have strengths which may match the specific requirements and abilities of individual users.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "01 natural sciences", "farming", "soil", "13. Climate action", "tools", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "910 Geography & travel", "sustainability; soil; farming; organic pools; tools", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "organic pools"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/56061/1/agronomy-13-00109-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/61810/1/Bar%c3%a3o%202023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/176959/1/agronomy-13-00109.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/1/109/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10451/61810"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10451/61810", "name": "item", "description": "10451/61810", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10451/61810"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10044/1/77407", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-26", "title": "P-model v1.0: an optimality-based light use efficiency model for simulating ecosystem gross primary production", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Terrestrial photosynthesis is the basis for vegetation growth and drives the land carbon cycle. Accurately simulating gross primary production (GPP, ecosystem-level apparent photosynthesis) is key for satellite monitoring and Earth system model predictions under climate change. While robust models exist for describing leaf-level photosynthesis, predictions diverge due to uncertain photosynthetic traits and parameters which vary on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Here, we describe and evaluate a GPP (photosynthesis per unit ground area) model, the P-model, that combines the Farquhar\u2013von Caemmerer\u2013Berry model for C3 photosynthesis with an optimality principle for the carbon assimilation\u2013transpiration trade-off, and predicts a multi-day average light use efficiency (LUE) for any climate and C3 vegetation type. The model builds on the theory developed in Prentice et\u00a0al. (2014) and Wang et\u00a0al. (2017a) and is extended to include low temperature effects on the intrinsic quantum yield and an empirical soil moisture stress factor. The model is forced with site-level data of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) and meteorological data and is evaluated against GPP estimates from a globally distributed network of ecosystem flux measurements. Although the P-model requires relatively few inputs, the R2 for predicted versus observed GPP based on the full model setup is 0.75 (8\u2009d mean, 126 sites) \u2013 similar to comparable satellite-data-driven GPP models but without predefined vegetation-type-specific parameters. The R2 is reduced to 0.70 when not accounting for the reduction in quantum yield at low temperatures and effects of low soil moisture on LUE. The R2 for the P-model-predicted LUE is 0.32 (means by site) and 0.48 (means by vegetation type). Applying this model for global-scale simulations yields a total global GPP of 106\u2013122\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 (mean of 2001\u20132011), depending on the fAPAR forcing data. The P-model provides a simple but powerful method for predicting \u2013 rather than prescribing \u2013 light use efficiency and simulating terrestrial photosynthesis across a wide range of conditions. The model is available as an R package (rpmodel).</p></article>", "keywords": ["570", "37 Earth sciences (for-2020)", "QE1-996.5", "550", "04 Earth Sciences", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Climate Action", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "11. Sustainability", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "04 Earth Sciences (for)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/85488/9/gmd-13-1545-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/13/1545/2020/gmd-13-1545-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/gmd-2019-200/gmd-2019-200.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt8kq6f96w/qt8kq6f96w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10044/1/77407"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10044/1/77407", "name": "item", "description": "10044/1/77407", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10044/1/77407"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10067/1574910151162165141", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-12", "title": "Automatic high-frequency measurements of full soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a tropical forest", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Measuring in situ soil fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) continuously at high frequency requires appropriate technology. We tested the combination of a commercial automated soil CO2 flux chamber system (LI-8100A) with a CH4 and N2O analyzer (Picarro G2308) in a tropical rainforest for 4\u00a0months. A chamber closure time of 2\u2009min was sufficient for a reliable estimation of CO2 and CH4 fluxes (100\u2009% and 98.5\u2009% of fluxes were above minimum detectable flux \u2013 MDF, respectively). This closure time was generally not suitable for a reliable estimation of the low N2O fluxes in this ecosystem but was sufficient for detecting rare major peak events. A closure time of 25\u2009min was more appropriate for reliable estimation of most N2O fluxes (85.6\u2009% of measured fluxes are above MDF\u2009\u00b1\u20090.002\u2009nmol\u2009m\u22122\u2009s\u22121). Our study highlights the importance of adjusted closure time for each gas.</p></article>", "keywords": ["rain-forest", "nitrous-oxide", "Environmental management", "550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "spatial variation", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences (science-metrix)", "3103 Ecology (for-2020)", "land-use change", "Life", "QH501-531", "4101 Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation (for-2020)", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "04 Earth Sciences (for)", "biogeochemical controls", "Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Biology", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "31 Biological Sciences (for-2020)", "41 Environmental Sciences (for-2020)", "Ecology", "Physics", "n2o", "emissions", "land-use change ; nitrous-oxide ; rain-forest ;biogeochemical controls ; chamber measurements ; spatial variation ; co2 ;emissions; n2o ; respiration", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "4104 Environmental management (for-2020)", "06 Biological Sciences (for)", "Climate Action", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "Earth Sciences", "co2", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "chamber measurements", "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience (for-2020)", "Environmental Sciences", "05 Environmental Sciences (for)", "respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/785/2019/bg-16-785-2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt73p9116t/qt73p9116t.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10067/1574910151162165141"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10067/1574910151162165141", "name": "item", "description": "10067/1574910151162165141", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10067/1574910151162165141"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-08-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10281/321610", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-18", "title": "Contribution of the world's main dust source regions to the global cycle of desert dust", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Even though desert dust is the most abundant aerosol by mass in Earth's atmosphere, the relative contributions of the world\u2019s major dust source regions to the global dust cycle remain poorly constrained. This problem hinders accounting for the potentially large impact of regional differences in dust properties on clouds, the Earth's energy balance, and terrestrial and marine biogeochemical cycles. Here, we constrain the contribution of each of the world\u2019s main dust source regions to the global dust cycle. We use an analytical framework that integrates an ensemble of global model simulations with observationally informed constraints on the dust size distribution, extinction efficiency, and regional dust aerosol optical depth. We obtain a data set that constrains the relative contribution of each of nine major source regions to size-resolved dust emission, atmospheric loading, optical depth, concentration, and deposition flux. We find that the 22\u201329\u2009Tg (one standard error range) global loading of dust with geometric diameter up to 20\u2009\u03bcm is partitioned as follows: North African source regions contribute ~50\u2009% (11\u201315\u2009Tg), Asian source regions contribute ~40\u2009% (8\u201313\u2009Tg), and North American and Southern Hemisphere regions contribute ~10\u2009% (1.8\u20133.2\u2009Tg). Current models might on average be overestimating the contribution of North African sources to atmospheric dust loading at ~65\u2009%, while underestimating the contribution of Asian dust at ~30\u2009%. However, both our results and current models could be affected by unquantified biases, such as due to errors in separating dust aerosol optical depth from that produced by other aerosol species in remote sensing retrievals in poorly observed desert regions. Our results further show that each source region's dust loading peaks in local spring and summer, which is partially driven by increased dust lifetime in those seasons. We also quantify the dust deposition flux to the Amazon rainforest to be ~10\u2009Tg/year, which is a factor of 2\u20133 less than inferred from satellite data by previous work that likely overestimated dust deposition by underestimating the dust mass extinction efficiency. The data obtained in this paper can be used to obtain improved constraints on dust impacts on clouds, climate, biogeochemical cycles, and other parts of the Earth system.</p></article>", "keywords": ["550", "3702 Climate change science (for-2020)", "QC1-999", "Global dust cycle", "0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences (for)", "0401 Atmospheric Sciences (for)", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroaliment\u00e0ria::Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra i de la vida", "3701 Atmospheric Sciences (for-2020)", "01 natural sciences", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences (science-metrix)", "Atmospheric Sciences", "Atmospheric models", "Earth's atmosphere", "Simulaci\u00f3 per ordinador", "14 Life Below Water (sdg)", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "Dust; Aerosols; Climate Models; Earth System Models;", "14. Life underwater", "Life Below Water", "QD1-999", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "3701 Atmospheric sciences (for-2020)", "Climate change science", "Atmosphere", "ddc:550", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Physics", "Aerosol model simulations", "15. Life on land", "Atmosfera -- Aspectes ambientals", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Climate Action", "Earth sciences", "Chemistry", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "13. Climate action", ":Enginyeria agroaliment\u00e0ria::Ci\u00e8ncies de la terra i de la vida [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Air quality", "Earth Sciences", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "Aerosols--Measurement", "Desert dust", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Astronomical and Space Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/321610/1/Kok_2021_ACP_Dust-global.pdf"}, {"href": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/8169/2021/acp-21-8169-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/8169/2021/acp-21-8169-2021-supplement.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt31s4c3tr/qt31s4c3tr.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4f95b02f/qt4f95b02f.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10281/321610"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Goldschmidt2021%20abstracts", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10281/321610", "name": "item", "description": "10281/321610", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10281/321610"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10451/55752", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-07", "title": "An Overview of Sustainability Assessment Frameworks in Agriculture", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Recent research established a link between environmental alterations due to agriculture intensification, social damage and the loss of economic growth. Thus, the integration of environmental and social dimensions is key for economic development. In recent years, several frameworks have been proposed to assess the overall sustainability of farms. Nevertheless, the myriad of existing frameworks and the variety of indicators result in difficulties in selecting the most appropriate framework for study site application. This manuscript aims to: (i) understand the criteria to select appropriate frameworks and summarize the range of those being used to assess sustainability; (ii) identify the available frameworks to assess agricultural sustainability; and (iii) analyze the strengths, weaknesses and applicability of each framework. Six frameworks, namely SAFA, RISE, MASC, LADA, SMART and public goods (PG), were identified. Results show that SMART is the framework that considers, in a balanced way, the environmental, sociocultural and economic dimensions of sustainability, whereas others focused on the environmental (RISE), environmental and economic (PG) and sociocultural (SAFA) dimension. However, depending on the scale assessment, sector of application and the sustainability completeness intended, all frameworks are suitable for the assessment. We present a decision tree to help future users understand the best option for their objective.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agriculture; sustainability frameworks; socio-economic and environmental indicators; soil land management", "soil land management", "S", "socio-economic and environmental indicators", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "910 Geography & travel", "sustainability frameworks", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/537/pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/61809/1/Alaoui%202022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/55752/1/fffc3948d50ee8e16d03c8b06c43355ca1cb.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/169121/1/land-11-00537.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10451/55752"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10451/55752", "name": "item", "description": "10451/55752", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10451/55752"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3007222", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-03", "title": "Opportunities for Mitigating Soil Compaction in Europe\u2014Case Studies from the SoilCare Project Using Soil-Improving Cropping Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil compaction (SC) is a major threat for agriculture in Europe that affects many ecosystem functions, such as water and air circulation in soils, root growth, and crop production. Our objective was to present the results from five short-term (&lt;5 years) case studies located along the north\u2013south and east\u2013west gradients and conducted within the SoilCare project using soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs) for mitigating topsoil and subsoil SC. Two study sites (SSs) focused on natural subsoil (\u02c325 cm) compaction using subsoiling tillage treatments to depths of 35 cm (Sweden) and 60 cm (Romania). The other SSs addressed both topsoil and subsoil SC (\u02c325 cm, Norway and United Kingdom; \u02c330 cm, Italy) using deep-rooted bio-drilling crops and different tillage types or a combination of both. Each SS evaluated the effectiveness of the SICSs by measuring the soil physical properties, and we calculated SC indices. The SICSs showed promising results\u2014for example, alfalfa in Norway showed good potential for alleviating SC (the subsoil density decreased from 1.69 to 1.45 g cm\u22121) and subsoiling at the Swedish SS improved root penetration into the subsoil by about 10 cm\u2014but the effects of SICSs on yields were generally small. These case studies also reflected difficulties in implementing SICSs, some of which are under development, and we discuss methodological issues for measuring their effectiveness. There is a need for refining these SICSs and for evaluating their longer-term effect under a wider range of pedoclimatic conditions.</p></article>", "keywords": ["bio-drilling crops", "ROOT-GROWTH", "Environmental Studies", "subsoiling", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "Soil Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "straw incorporation", "910", "CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE", "3301 Architecture", "soil penetration resistance", "4104 Environmental management", "degree of compaction; soil penetration resistance; relative normalised density; air-filled porosity; tillage; straw incorporation; bio-drilling crops; subsoiling; crop productivity", "relative normalised density", "GAS-TRANSPORT", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "S Agriculture (General)", "910 Geography & travel", "PENETRATION RESISTANCE", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "crop productivity", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "S", "degree of compaction", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "DEEP-TILLAGE", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CLAY LOAM SOIL", "RISK-ASSESSMENT", "SUBSOIL COMPACTION", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "air-filled porosity"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/223/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/27668/1/piccoli-i-et-al-220502.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/165197/1/Opportunities_for_Mitigating_Soil_Compaction_in_Europe_Case.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462067/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16542/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3007222"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3007222", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3007222", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3007222"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3039583", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-25", "title": "Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Sustainable and Profitable Farming in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soils form the basis for agricultural production and other ecosystem services, and soil management should aim at improving their quality and resilience. Within the SoilCare project, the concept of soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) was developed as a holistic approach to facilitate the adoption of soil management that is sustainable and profitable. SICS selected with stakeholders were monitored and evaluated for environmental, sociocultural, and economic effects to determine profitability and sustainability. Monitoring results were upscaled to European level using modelling and Europe-wide data, and a mapping tool was developed to assist in selection of appropriate SICS across Europe. Furthermore, biophysical, sociocultural, economic, and policy reasons for (non)adoption were studied. Results at the plot/farm scale showed a small positive impact of SICS on environment and soil, no effect on sustainability, and small negative impacts on economic and sociocultural dimensions. Modelling showed that different SICS had different impacts across Europe\u2014indicating the importance of understanding local dynamics in Europe-wide assessments. Work on adoption of SICS confirmed the role economic considerations play in the uptake of SICS, but also highlighted social factors such as trust. The project\u2019s results underlined the need for policies that support and enable a transition to more sustainable agricultural practices in a coherent way.</p></article>", "keywords": ["S1", "AGRICULTURE", "ADOPTION", "Environmental Studies", "YIELD GAPS", "Soil Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "crop management", "sustainable soil management", "3301 Architecture", "S589.75_Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil quality; sustainable soil management; adoption; crop management; environmental dimension; sociocultural dimension; economic dimension", "4104 Environmental management", "11. Sustainability", "MANAGEMENT", "Life Science", "QUALITY", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "soil quality", "910 Geography & travel", "Agricultural Science", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger", "adoption", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "environmental dimension", "S", "ECOLOGICAL INTENSIFICATION", "economic dimension", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "sociocultural dimension", "TERM FIELD EXPERIMENTS", "13. Climate action", "NO-TILLAGE", "GRAIN PRODUCTION", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.glos.ac.uk/11159/1/11159%20Webb%2C%20et%20al%20%282022%29%20Soil-improving%20cropping%20systems%20for%20sustainable%20and%20profitable%20farming%20in%20Europe.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/28669/1/hessel-r-et-al-220808.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/170337/1/land-11-00780-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462064/1/land-11-00780.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=282070/A8C9E72D-16C8-421E-A19E-B021CC82D589.pdf&pub_id=282070"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3039583"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3039583", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3039583", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3039583"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3119077", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-31", "title": "A review of coarse mineral dust in the Earth system", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Mineral dust particles suspended in the atmosphere span more than three orders of magnitude in diameter, from less than 0.1 \u00b5m to more than 100 \u00b5m. This wide size range makes dust a unique aerosol species with the ability to interact with many aspects of the Earth system, including radiation, clouds, hydrology, atmospheric chemistry, and biogeochemistry. This review focuses on coarse and super-coarse dust aerosols, which we respectively define as dust particles with a diameter between 2.5 - 10 \u00b5m and 10 - 62.5 \u00b5m. We review several lines of observational evidence indicating that coarse and super-coarse dust particles are transported farther than previously expected and that the abundance of these particles is substantially underestimated in current global models. We synthesize previous studies that used observations, theories, and model simulations to highlight the impacts of coarse and super-coarse dust aerosols on the Earth system, including their effects on dust-radiation interactions, dust-cloud interactions, and atmospheric chemistry, and biogeochemistry. In addition, we examine several limitations in the representation of coarse and super-coarse dust aerosols in current model simulations and in remote-sensing retrievals. Because these limitations substantially contribute to the uncertainties in simulating the abundance and impacts of coarse and super-coarse dust aerosols, we offer some recommendations to facilitate future studies. Overall, we conclude that an accurate representation of coarse and super-coarse properties is critical in understanding the overall impacts of dust aerosols on the Earth system.</p></article>", "keywords": ["550", "Climate", "3701 Atmospheric Sciences (for-2020)", "Mineral dust", "01 natural sciences", "Atmospheric Sciences", "04 Earth Sciences (for)", "Earth system", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "37 Earth sciences (for-2020)", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "ddc:550", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Size distribution", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Coarse dust", "Climate Action", "Earth sciences", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "41 Environmental sciences (for-2020)", "13. Climate action", "Earth Sciences", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Environmental Sciences", "05 Environmental Sciences (for)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9cp497d5/qt9cp497d5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3119077"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Aeolian%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3119077", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3119077", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3119077"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/688246", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-29", "title": "Hydro-pedotransfer functions: a roadmap for future development", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Hydro-pedotransfer functions\u00a0(PTFs) relate easy-to-measure and readily available soil information to soil hydraulic properties\u00a0(SHPs) for applications in a wide range of process-based and empirical models, thereby enabling the assessment of soil hydraulic effects on hydrological, biogeochemical, and ecological processes. At least more than 4 decades of research have been invested to derive such relationships. However, while models, methods, data storage capacity, and computational efficiency have advanced, there are fundamental concerns related to the scope and adequacy of current PTFs, particularly when applied to parameterise models used at the field scale and beyond. Most of the PTF development process has focused on refining and advancing the regression methods, while fundamental aspects have remained largely unconsidered. Most soil systems are not represented in PTFs, which have been built mostly for agricultural soils in temperate climates. Thus, existing PTFs largely ignore how parent material, vegetation, land use, and climate affect processes that shape SHPs. The PTFs used to parameterise the Richards\u2013Richardson equation are mostly limited to predicting parameters of the van\u00a0Genuchten\u2013Mualem soil hydraulic functions, despite sufficient evidence demonstrating their shortcomings. Another fundamental issue relates to the diverging scales of derivation and application, whereby PTFs are derived based on laboratory measurements while often being applied at the field to regional scales. Scaling, modulation, and constraining strategies exist to alleviate some of these shortcomings in the mismatch between scales. These aspects are addressed here in a joint effort by the members of the International Soil Modelling Consortium\u00a0(ISMC) Pedotransfer Functions Working Group with the aim of systematising PTF research and providing a roadmap guiding both PTF development and use. We close with a 10-point catalogue for funders and researchers to guide review processes and research.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "550", "Bodenanalyse", "Modell", "SPHAGNUM MOSS", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "630", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Biogeochemical process", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "T", "Geology", "Hydraulics effects", "Agriculture & agronomy", "Life sciences", "Daten", "Pedo-transfer functions", "6. Clean water", "Soil hydraulics", "REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY", "Roadmap", "Physical Sciences", "Sciences du vivant", "Water Resources", "SOIL-WATER-RETENTION", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Process-based modeling", "Environmental Engineering", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS", "Soil hydraulic properties", "0905 Civil Engineering", "333", "G", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Empirical model", "Agriculture & agronomie", "Life Science", "UNSATURATED CONDUCTIVITY", "SEASONAL-CHANGES", "Pedotransfer functions", "HYSTERETIC MOISTURE PROPERTIES", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "Physikochemische Bodeneigenschaft", "500", "15. Life on land", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Environmental sciences", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "HETEROGENEOUS SOILS", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "ITC-GOLD", "Hydrological process"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/321088/1/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/28/3391/2024/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/688246", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/688246", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.11116/0000-0005-8A29-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-09", "title": "Comparison With Global Soil Radiocarbon Observations Indicates Needed Carbon Cycle Improvements in the E3SM Land Model", "description": "Abstract<p>We evaluated global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and turnover time predictions from a global land model (ELMv1\uffe2\uff80\uff90ECA) integrated in an Earth System Model (E3SM) by comparing them with observed soil bulk and \uffce\uff9414C values around the world. We analyzed observed and simulated SOC stocks and \uffce\uff9414C values using machine learning methods at the Earth System Model grid cell scale (~200\uffc2\uffa0km). In grid cells with sufficient observations, the model provided reasonable estimates of soil carbon stocks across soil depth and \uffce\uff9414C values near the surface but underestimated \uffce\uff9414C at depth. Among many explanatory variables, soil albedo index, soil order, plant function type, air temperature, and SOC content were major factors affecting predicted SOC \uffce\uff9414C values. The influences of soil albedo index, soil order, and air temperature were primarily important in the shallow subsurface (\uffe2\uff89\uffa430\uffc2\uffa0cm). We also performed sensitivity studies using different vertical root distributions and decomposition turnover times and compared to observed SOC stock and \uffce\uff9414C profiles. The analyses support the role of vegetation in affecting soil carbon turnover, particularly in deep soil, possibly through supplying fresh carbon and degrading physical\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical protection of SOC via root activities. Allowing for grid cell\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific rooting and decomposition rates substantially reduced discrepancies between observed and predicted \uffce\uff9414C values and SOC content. Our results highlight the need for more explicit representation of roots, microbes, and soil physical protection in land models.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "advanced land modeling", "Earth System Models", "3706 Geophysics (for-2020)", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Climate Action", "soil organic carbon", "Geophysics", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "machine learning", "statistical analysis", "13. Climate action", "0404 Geophysics (for)", "Earth Sciences", "radiocarbon", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JG004795"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4h72t9fq/qt4h72t9fq.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/21.11116/0000-0005-8A29-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "21.11116/0000-0005-8A29-2", "name": "item", "description": "21.11116/0000-0005-8A29-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/21.11116/0000-0005-8A29-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.11116/0000-0007-B413-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-29", "title": "The age distribution of global soil carbon inferred from radiocarbon measurements", "description": "Soils contain more carbon than the atmosphere and vegetation combined. An increased flow of carbon from the atmosphere into soil pools could help mitigate anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and climate change. Yet we do not know how quickly soils might respond because the age distribution of soil carbon is uncertain. Here we used 789 radiocarbon (\u220614C) profiles, along with other geospatial information, to create globally gridded datasets of mineral soil \u220614C and mean age. We found that soil depth is a primary driver of \u220614C, whereas climate (for example, mean annual temperature) is a major control on the spatial pattern of \u220614C in surface soil. Integrated to a depth of 1\u2009m, global soil carbon has a mean age of 4,830\u2009\u00b1\u20091,730\u2009yr, with older carbon in deeper layers and permafrost regions. In contrast, vertically resolved land models simulate \u220614C values that imply younger carbon ages and a more rapid carbon turnover. Our data-derived estimates of older mean soil carbon age suggest that soils will accumulate less carbon than predicted by current Earth system models over the twenty-first century. Reconciling these models with the global distribution of soil radiocarbon will require a better representation of the mechanisms that control carbon persistence in soils. Soils may accumulate less carbon and with a slower turnover than Earth system models predict, according to analysis of the age distribution of global soil carbon, which finds that the mean age of soil carbon is older than that in simulated in models.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences (science-metrix)", "Climate Action", "03 medical and health sciences", "37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)", "3709 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience (for-2020)", "13. Climate action", "Earth Sciences", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "13 Climate Action (sdg)", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience (for-2020)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-020-0596-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2738s2mj/qt2738s2mj.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/21.11116/0000-0007-B413-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Geoscience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "21.11116/0000-0007-B413-8", "name": "item", "description": "21.11116/0000-0007-B413-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/21.11116/0000-0007-B413-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/6134", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-13", "title": "Modeling Soil Processes: Review, Key Challenges, and New Perspectives", "description": "Core Ideas                     <p>                                                                           <p>A community effort is needed to move soil modeling forward.</p>                                                                             <p>Establishing an international soil modeling consortium is key in this respect.</p>                                                                             <p>There is a need to better integrate existing knowledge in soil models.</p>                                                                             <p>Integration of data and models is a key challenge in soil modeling.</p>                                                                     </p>                     <p>The remarkable complexity of soil and its importance to a wide range of ecosystem services presents major challenges to the modeling of soil processes. Although major progress in soil models has occurred in the last decades, models of soil processes remain disjointed between disciplines or ecosystem services, with considerable uncertainty remaining in the quality of predictions and several challenges that remain yet to be addressed. First, there is a need to improve exchange of knowledge and experience among the different disciplines in soil science and to reach out to other Earth science communities. Second, the community needs to develop a new generation of soil models based on a systemic approach comprising relevant physical, chemical, and biological processes to address critical knowledge gaps in our understanding of soil processes and their interactions. Overcoming these challenges will facilitate exchanges between soil modeling and climate, plant, and social science modeling communities. It will allow us to contribute to preserve and improve our assessment of ecosystem services and advance our understanding of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change feedback mechanisms, among others, thereby facilitating and strengthening communication among scientific disciplines and society. We review the role of modeling soil processes in quantifying key soil processes that shape ecosystem services, with a focus on provisioning and regulating services. We then identify key challenges in modeling soil processes, including the systematic incorporation of heterogeneity and uncertainty, the integration of data and models, and strategies for effective integration of knowledge on physical, chemical, and biological soil processes. We discuss how the soil modeling community could best interface with modern modeling activities in other disciplines, such as climate, ecology, and plant research, and how to weave novel observation and measurement techniques into soil models. We propose the establishment of an international soil modeling consortium to coherently advance soil modeling activities and foster communication with other Earth science disciplines. Such a consortium should promote soil modeling platforms and data repository for model development, calibration and intercomparison essential for addressing contemporary challenges.</p>", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "550", "Sciences de l\u2019environnement & \u00e9cologie", "QH301 Biology", "Knowledge management", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "ECOSYSTEM SERVICES", "02 engineering and technology", "soil processes", "01 natural sciences", "Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Sciences de la Terre", "Biological process", "ANZSRC::3707 Hydrology", "DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX", "SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR", "ANZSRC::4106 Soil sciences", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "0503 Soil Sciences", "GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR", "Integration of knowledge", "Life sciences", "ANZSRC::050399 Soil Sciences not elsewhere classified", "synthetic-aperture radar", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "Knowledge and experience", "MULTIPLE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES", "knowledge integration", "570", "DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY", "Environmental Engineering", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Scientific discipline", "0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil Science", "soil science", "ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS", "DATA ASSIMILATION", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "ANZSRC::0503 Soil Sciences", "Science disciplines", "PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS", "Feedback mechanisms", "mod\u00e9lisation", "ground-penetrating radar", "Science & Technology", "ANZSRC::080110 Simulation and Modelling", "15. Life on land", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "multiple ecosystem services", "root water-uptake", "Observation and measurement", "DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL", "Quality of predictions", "SATURATED-UNSATURATED FLOW", "ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "sciences du sol", "HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES", "2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture", "diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy", "4106 Soil sciences", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "digital elevation model", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "Sciences du vivant", "Uncertainty analysis", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "Crop and Pasture Production", "101028 Mathematical modelling", "international soil modeling consortium", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Ecosystems", "Climate models", "QH301", "Environmental sciences & ecology", "Life Science", "SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELS", "data integration", "sediment transport models", "approche ecosyst\u00e9mique", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "3707 Hydrology", "soil modeling", "ROOT WATER-UPTAKE", "SOLUTE TRANSPORT", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Earth Sciences", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Soils", "101028 Mathematische Modellierung", "saturated-unsaturated flow", "Environmental Sciences", "root water-uptake", " sediment transport models", " diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy", " arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", " multiple ecosystem services", " saturated-unsaturated flow", " ground-penetrating radar", " synthetic-aperture radar", " digital elevation model", " organic-matter dynamics."]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/263634/1/Vereecken%20VZJ%202016.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.2136/vzj2015.09.0131/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt6976n34c/qt6976n34c.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/6134"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/6134", "name": "item", "description": "2164/6134", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/6134"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/234713", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-14", "title": "Dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater: hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical controls", "description": "Abstract   In this study the variability of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentrations along lateral and vertical dimensions of the chalk aquifer located in the eastern part of Belgium was examined in order to understand its dependence on hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical conditions. Groundwater samples from 29 wells/piezometers were analyzed for concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), major and minor elements and stable isotopes of nitrate (NO3\u2212), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfate (SO42\u2212) and boron (B). For lateral investigations, four zones with different environmental settings were identified (southern, central, north-eastern and northern). Groundwater was oversaturated with GHGs with respect to its equilibrium concentrations with the atmosphere in all zones, except the northern one, undersaturated in N2O (0.07\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.08\u202f\u03bcgN/L vs. 0.3\u202f\u03bcgN/L). Vertical dimension studies showed the decrease in CO2 concentration and significant changes in both isotope signatures and concentration of N2O with depth. The production of N2O could be attributed to a combination of nitrification and denitrification processes occurring at different depths. CO2 concentration is controlled by the process of dissolution of carbonate minerals which constitute aquifer geology. CH4 is produced due to methanogenesis in deeper parts of the aquifer, though its thermogenic origin is also possible. Differences in hydrogeochemical settings and changing intensity of biogeochemical processes across the area and with depth have considerable effect on GHGs concentrations. Thus, before estimating GHGs fluxes at the groundwater\u2013river interface insights obtained from larger-scale investigations are required in order to identify the representative spatial zones which govern GHGs emissions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Stable isotope analysis", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Indirect emissions", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/234713/1/GHG%20Geer%20Appl.%20Geochem%202019%20VF.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Geochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/234713", "name": "item", "description": "2268/234713", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/239471", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Analysing N sources and transformation processes in groundwater under agricultural areas (chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Transfer of GHGs in the soil \u2013 vadose zone \u2013 groundwater \u2013 river \u2013 atmosphere system", "keywords": ["Sciences de l\u2019environnement & \u00e9cologie", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Life sciences", "6. Clean water", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Environmental sciences & ecology", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Sciences du vivant", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Borges, Alberto, Orban, Philippe, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/239471/1/INSPIRATIONBulletin.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/239471"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/239471", "name": "item", "description": "2268/239471", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/239471"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/250895", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Vertical interval dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Open AccessIncrease in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere threatens the existence of many ecosystems and their inhabitants. Agricultural activities contribute up to 70 % of total anthropogenic emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the GHGs, which is characterized with the highest global warming potential and contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. Our study presents the results obtained from the recent field and lab activities carried out in order to obtain better insight into the factors that define the presence of N2O in groundwater. Previous large scale investigations, performed in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium, suggested that the concentration of N2O in the aquifer depends on different, possibly overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification, denitrification and/or nitrifier-denitrification. This study explored the occurrence of biochemical stratification in the same aquifer and its impact on N2O production and consumption mechanisms. For this purpose low flow sampling technique was applied at different depth intervals to obtain better insight into the extent of oxic and anoxic zones and variability of concentrations of GHGs along the vertical profile. Collected groundwater samples were analyzed for the range of hydrochemical parameters as well as NO3-, N2O, H2O and B isotopes signatures and N2O isotopomers. Afterwards, rates of nitrification and denitrification processes were estimated based on short-term incubations of collected groundwater amended with NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope. In addition, in order to characterize the dynamics of ongoing biogeochemical processes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for detection of the activity-specific enzymes in the aquifer were performed. Such studies help to clarify which conditions are more prone to the accumulation of high concentrations of GHGs in aquifers and better constrain models which estimate local and regional GHGs budgets.AcknowledgmentsThis project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675120.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "N isotopes", "Groundwater", "6. Clean water", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Morana, C\u00e9dric, Taminiau, Bernard, Borges, Alberto, Robert, Tanguy, Goderniaux, Pascal, Duvivier, Maxime, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/250895/1/EGU2020-4958-print.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/250895", "name": "item", "description": "2268/250895", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/215300", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-23", "title": "Isotopic composition of nitrogen species in groundwater under agricultural areas: A review", "description": "This work reviews applications of stable isotope analysis to the studies of transport and transformation of N species in groundwater under agricultural areas. It summarizes evidence regarding factors affecting the isotopic composition of NO3-, NH4+ and N2O in subsurface, and discusses the use of 11B, 18O, 13C, 34S, 87Sr/86Sr isotopes to support the analysis of \u03b415N values. The isotopic composition of NO3-, NH4+ and N2O varies depending on their sources and dynamics of N cycle processes. The reported \u03b415N-NO3- values for sources of NO3- are: soil organic N - +3\u2030-+8\u2030, mineral fertilizers - -8\u2030-+7\u2030; manure/household waste - +5\u2030 to +35\u2030. For NH4+ sources, the isotopic signature ranges are: organic matter - +2.4-+4.1\u2030, rainwater - -13.4-+2.3\u2030, mineral fertilizers - -7.4-+5.1\u2030, household waste - +5-+9\u2030; animal manure - +8-+11\u2030. For N2O, isotopic composition depends on isotopic signatures of substrate pools and reaction rates. \u03b415N values of NO3- are influenced by fractionation effects occurring during denitrification (\u025b=5-40\u2030), nitrification (\u025b=5-35\u2030) and DNRA (\u025b not reported). The isotopic signature of NH4+ is also affected by nitrification and DNRA as well as mineralization (\u025b=1\u2030), sorption (\u025b=1-8\u2030), anammox (\u025b=4.3-7.4\u2030) and volatilization (\u025b=25\u2030). As for the N2O, production of N2O leads to its depletion in 15N, whereas consumption - to enrichment in 15N. The magnitude of fractionation effects occurring during the considered processes depends on temperature, pH, DO, C/NO3- ratio, size of the substrate pool, availability of electron donors, water content in subsoil, residence time, land use, hydrogeology. While previous studies have accumulated rich data on isotopic composition of NO3- in groundwater, evidence remains scarce in the cases of NH4+ and N2O. Further research is required to consider variability of \u03b415N-NH4+ and \u03b415N-N2O in groundwater across agricultural ecosystems.", "keywords": ["groundwater pollution", "N anthropogenic sources", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "0207 environmental engineering", "N cycle processes", "02 engineering and technology", "N isotopes", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "12. Responsible consumption", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "stable isotope analysis", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/215300/1/final%20version.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/215300"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/215300", "name": "item", "description": "2268/215300", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/215300"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/223849", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Biogeochemistry of greenhouse gases in groundwater under agricultural area (the Geer catchment, Belgium)", "keywords": ["Sciences de l\u2019environnement & \u00e9cologie", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "N2O", "Life sciences", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Environmental sciences & ecology", "greenhouse gases", "groundwater", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Sciences du vivant", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Orban, Philippe, Jamin, Pierre, Jurado, Anna, Borges, Alberto, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/223849/1/EGU2018-16102-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/223849"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/223849", "name": "item", "description": "2268/223849", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/223849"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/262547", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-18", "title": "Dynamics of nitrous oxide with depth in groundwater: Insights from ambient groundwater and laboratory incubation experiments (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Aquifers under agricultural areas are considered to be an indirect source of nitrous oxide emission (N2O) to the atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas (GHGs) characterized with the highest global warning potential and acts as a stratospheric ozone depletion agent. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the aquifer is controlled by overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The current study aims to obtain better insight concerning the factors controlling the distribution of N2O concentration along a vertical dimension in the aquifer, and to capture and quantify the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes in the groundwater system. Low-flow groundwater sampling technique was undertaken at different depths in the aquifer to collect groundwater samples aiming at obtaining information about ambient aquifer hydrogeochemical conditions and their effect on the accumulation of GHGs. Afterwards, laboratory stable isotope experiments, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope, were applied to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Ambient studies suggest that the occurrence of N transformation was related to denitrification while laboratory incubation experiments did not detect it. Such controversial results might be explained by the discrepancy between real aquifer conditions and lab design studies. Thus, additional in situ tracer experiments should be carried out in areas where natural groundwater fluxes do not flush the injected tracer too rapidly. In addition, it would be useful to conduct microbiological studies to obtain better insight into the nature of subsurface biofilm biotope.", "keywords": ["Sciences aquatiques & oc\u00e9anologie", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Nitrous Oxide", "01 natural sciences", "Low-flow sampling", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Calcium Carbonate", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Belgium", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Aquatic sciences & oceanology", "N stable isotope analysis", "Life sciences", "Nitrification", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Sciences du vivant", "Denitrification", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "Laboratories"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/262547/2/Dynamics%20of%20nitrous%20oxide%20with%20depth%20in%20groundwater%20insights%20from%20ambient%20groundwater.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/262547"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Contaminant%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/262547", "name": "item", "description": "2268/262547", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/262547"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3137592826", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:26:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-22", "title": "Interactions between cover crops and soil microorganisms increase phosphorus availability in conservation agriculture", "description": "AbstractAims<p>An essential task of agricultural systems is to improve internal phosphorus (P) recycling. Cover crops and tillage reduction can increase sustainability, but it is not known whether stimulation of the soil microbial community can increase the availability of soil organic P pools.</p>Methods<p>In a field experiment in southwest Germany, the effects of a winter cover crop mixture (vs. bare fallow) and no-till (vs. non-inversion tillage) on microbial P-cycling were assessed with soybean as the main crop. Microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), P cycling enzymes, and carbon-substrate use capacity were linked for the first time with the lability of organic P pools measured by enzyme addition assays (using phosphodiesterase, non-phytase-phosphomonoesterase and fungal phytase).</p>Results<p>Microbial phosphorus, phosphatase, and fatty acids increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Enzyme-stable organic P shifted towards enzyme-labile organic P pools. Effects of no-till were weaker, and a synergy with cover crops was not evident.</p>Conclusions<p>In this experiment, cover crops were able to increase the microbially mediated internal P cycling in a non-P-limited, temperate agroecosystems.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/154721/1/Hallama_et_al_2021__Interactions_cover_crops_organic_P_enzymes.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3137592826"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3137592826", "name": "item", "description": "3137592826", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3137592826"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Earth+sciences+&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Earth+sciences+&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Earth+sciences+&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Earth+sciences+&offset=30", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 30, "numberReturned": 30, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T05:16:27.088149Z"}